1
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Burgess CL, Huang J, Bawa PS, Alysandratos KD, Minakin K, Ayers LJ, Morley MP, Babu A, Villacorta-Martin C, Yampolskaya M, Hinds A, Thapa BR, Wang F, Matschulat A, Mehta P, Morrisey EE, Varelas X, Kotton DN. Generation of human alveolar epithelial type I cells from pluripotent stem cells. Cell Stem Cell 2024; 31:657-675.e8. [PMID: 38642558 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2024.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
Alveolar epithelial type I cells (AT1s) line the gas exchange barrier of the distal lung and have been historically challenging to isolate or maintain in cell culture. Here, we engineer a human in vitro AT1 model system via directed differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). We use primary adult AT1 global transcriptomes to suggest benchmarks and pathways, such as Hippo-LATS-YAP/TAZ signaling, enriched in these cells. Next, we generate iPSC-derived alveolar epithelial type II cells (AT2s) and find that nuclear YAP signaling is sufficient to promote a broad transcriptomic shift from AT2 to AT1 gene programs. The resulting cells express a molecular, morphologic, and functional phenotype reminiscent of human AT1 cells, including the capacity to form a flat epithelial barrier producing characteristic extracellular matrix molecules and secreted ligands. Our results provide an in vitro model of human alveolar epithelial differentiation and a potential source of human AT1s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire L Burgess
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Jessie Huang
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Pushpinder S Bawa
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Konstantinos-Dionysios Alysandratos
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Kasey Minakin
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Lauren J Ayers
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Michael P Morley
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Apoorva Babu
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Carlos Villacorta-Martin
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | | | - Anne Hinds
- The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Bibek R Thapa
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Feiya Wang
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Adeline Matschulat
- The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Pankaj Mehta
- Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Edward E Morrisey
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Xaralabos Varelas
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Darrell N Kotton
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
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2
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Palma LG, Bigas A. Making Human Hematopoietic Stem Cells Without Transgenes. Cell Reprogram 2024; 26:43-45. [PMID: 38530081 DOI: 10.1089/cell.2024.0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Creating hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) capable of multilineage engraft while possessing the ability to self-renew stands as a pivotal achievement within the field of regenerative medicine. However, achieving the generation of these cells without transgene expression or teratoma formation has not been fully accomplished. In a recent publication featured in Cell Stem Cell, Piau et al. document the production of functional HSCs derived from human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). They achieved this through a one-step differentiation protocol that notably does not require any transgene expression. hiPSCs-derived HSCs can engraft and self-renew upon serial transplantation and they are able to reconstitute lymphoid, myeloid, and erythroid compartments. This study presents a promising system to further study human HSC ontogeny, and it might represent a crucial step to obtain HSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis G Palma
- Research Program in Cancer, Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
- Research Program in Lymphoid Malignancies, Research Institute Against Leukemia Josep Carreras, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Bigas
- Research Program in Cancer, Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
- Research Program in Lymphoid Malignancies, Research Institute Against Leukemia Josep Carreras, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain
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3
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Zakharova IS, Shevchenko AI, Arssan MA, Sleptcov AA, Nazarenko MS, Zarubin AA, Zheltysheva NV, Shevchenko VA, Tmoyan NA, Saaya SB, Ezhov MV, Kukharchuk VV, Parfyonova YV, Zakian SM. iPSC-Derived Endothelial Cells Reveal LDLR Dysfunction and Dysregulated Gene Expression Profiles in Familial Hypercholesterolemia. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:689. [PMID: 38255763 PMCID: PMC10815294 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Defects in the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) are associated with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH), manifested by atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. LDLR deficiency in hepatocytes leads to elevated blood cholesterol levels, which damage vascular cells, especially endothelial cells, through oxidative stress and inflammation. However, the distinctions between endothelial cells from individuals with normal and defective LDLR are not yet fully understood. In this study, we obtained and examined endothelial derivatives of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) generated previously from conditionally healthy donors and compound heterozygous FH patients carrying pathogenic LDLR alleles. In normal iPSC-derived endothelial cells (iPSC-ECs), we detected the LDLR protein predominantly in its mature form, whereas iPSC-ECs from FH patients have reduced levels of mature LDLR and show abolished low-density lipoprotein uptake. RNA-seq of mutant LDLR iPSC-ECs revealed a unique transcriptome profile with downregulated genes related to monocarboxylic acid transport, exocytosis, and cell adhesion, whereas upregulated signaling pathways were involved in cell secretion and leukocyte activation. Overall, these findings suggest that LDLR defects increase the susceptibility of endothelial cells to inflammation and oxidative stress. In combination with elevated extrinsic cholesterol levels, this may result in accelerated endothelial dysfunction, contributing to early progression of atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular pathologies associated with FH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina S. Zakharova
- Federal Research Centre Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (I.S.Z.); (A.I.S.); (M.A.A.); (N.V.Z.); (V.A.S.)
| | - Alexander I. Shevchenko
- Federal Research Centre Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (I.S.Z.); (A.I.S.); (M.A.A.); (N.V.Z.); (V.A.S.)
| | - Mhd Amin Arssan
- Federal Research Centre Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (I.S.Z.); (A.I.S.); (M.A.A.); (N.V.Z.); (V.A.S.)
| | - Aleksei A. Sleptcov
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Centre, Russian Academy of Science, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (A.A.S.); (M.S.N.); (A.A.Z.)
| | - Maria S. Nazarenko
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Centre, Russian Academy of Science, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (A.A.S.); (M.S.N.); (A.A.Z.)
| | - Aleksei A. Zarubin
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Centre, Russian Academy of Science, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (A.A.S.); (M.S.N.); (A.A.Z.)
| | - Nina V. Zheltysheva
- Federal Research Centre Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (I.S.Z.); (A.I.S.); (M.A.A.); (N.V.Z.); (V.A.S.)
| | - Vlada A. Shevchenko
- Federal Research Centre Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (I.S.Z.); (A.I.S.); (M.A.A.); (N.V.Z.); (V.A.S.)
| | - Narek A. Tmoyan
- Federal State Budgetary Institution, National Medical Research Centre of Cardiology Named after Academician E.I. Chazov, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, 121552 Moscow, Russia; (N.A.T.); (M.V.E.); (V.V.K.); (Y.V.P.)
| | - Shoraan B. Saaya
- E.N. Meshalkin National Medical Research Centre, Ministry of Health Care of the Russian Federation, 630055 Novosibirsk, Russia;
| | - Marat V. Ezhov
- Federal State Budgetary Institution, National Medical Research Centre of Cardiology Named after Academician E.I. Chazov, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, 121552 Moscow, Russia; (N.A.T.); (M.V.E.); (V.V.K.); (Y.V.P.)
| | - Valery V. Kukharchuk
- Federal State Budgetary Institution, National Medical Research Centre of Cardiology Named after Academician E.I. Chazov, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, 121552 Moscow, Russia; (N.A.T.); (M.V.E.); (V.V.K.); (Y.V.P.)
| | - Yelena V. Parfyonova
- Federal State Budgetary Institution, National Medical Research Centre of Cardiology Named after Academician E.I. Chazov, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, 121552 Moscow, Russia; (N.A.T.); (M.V.E.); (V.V.K.); (Y.V.P.)
| | - Suren M. Zakian
- Federal Research Centre Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (I.S.Z.); (A.I.S.); (M.A.A.); (N.V.Z.); (V.A.S.)
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4
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Rao J, Djeffal Y, Chal J, Marchianò F, Wang CH, Al Tanoury Z, Gapon S, Mayeuf-Louchart A, Glass I, Sefton EM, Habermann B, Kardon G, Watt FM, Tseng YH, Pourquié O. Reconstructing human brown fat developmental trajectory in vitro. Dev Cell 2023; 58:2359-2375.e8. [PMID: 37647896 PMCID: PMC10873093 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2023.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Brown adipocytes (BAs) represent a specialized cell type that is able to uncouple nutrient catabolism from ATP generation to dissipate energy as heat. In humans, the brown fat tissue is composed of discrete depots found throughout the neck and trunk region. BAs originate from a precursor common to skeletal muscle, but their developmental trajectory remains poorly understood. Here, we used single-cell RNA sequencing to characterize the development of interscapular brown fat in mice. Our analysis identified a transient stage of BA differentiation characterized by the expression of the transcription factor GATA6. We show that recapitulating the sequence of signaling cues identified in mice can lead to efficient differentiation of BAs in vitro from human pluripotent stem cells. These precursors can in turn be efficiently converted into functional BAs that can respond to signals mimicking adrenergic stimuli by increasing their metabolism, resulting in heat production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Rao
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Yannis Djeffal
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Jerome Chal
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Fabio Marchianò
- Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, IBDM, The Turing Center for Living Systems, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Chih-Hao Wang
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Ziad Al Tanoury
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Svetlana Gapon
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | | | - Ian Glass
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Sefton
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Bianca Habermann
- Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, IBDM, The Turing Center for Living Systems, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Gabrielle Kardon
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Fiona M Watt
- King's College London Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Great Maze Pond, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Yu-Hua Tseng
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Olivier Pourquié
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
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5
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Alghadeer A, Hanson-Drury S, Patni AP, Ehnes DD, Zhao YT, Li Z, Phal A, Vincent T, Lim YC, O'Day D, Spurrell CH, Gogate AA, Zhang H, Devi A, Wang Y, Starita L, Doherty D, Glass IA, Shendure J, Freedman BS, Baker D, Regier MC, Mathieu J, Ruohola-Baker H. Single-cell census of human tooth development enables generation of human enamel. Dev Cell 2023; 58:2163-2180.e9. [PMID: 37582367 PMCID: PMC10629594 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2023.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Tooth enamel secreted by ameloblasts (AMs) is the hardest material in the human body, acting as a shield to protect the teeth. However, the enamel is gradually damaged or partially lost in over 90% of adults and cannot be regenerated due to a lack of ameloblasts in erupted teeth. Here, we use single-cell combinatorial indexing RNA sequencing (sci-RNA-seq) to establish a spatiotemporal single-cell census for the developing human tooth and identify regulatory mechanisms controlling the differentiation process of human ameloblasts. We identify key signaling pathways involved between the support cells and ameloblasts during fetal development and recapitulate those findings in human ameloblast in vitro differentiation from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). We furthermore develop a disease model of amelogenesis imperfecta in a three-dimensional (3D) organoid system and show AM maturation to mineralized structure in vivo. These studies pave the way for future regenerative dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ammar Alghadeer
- Department of Biomedical Dental Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, College of Dentistry, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia; Department of Oral Health Sciences University of Washington, School of Dentistry, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Sesha Hanson-Drury
- Department of Oral Health Sciences University of Washington, School of Dentistry, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Anjali P Patni
- Department of Oral Health Sciences University of Washington, School of Dentistry, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Cancer Biology and Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering, School of Bioengineering, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 603203, India
| | - Devon D Ehnes
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Yan Ting Zhao
- Department of Oral Health Sciences University of Washington, School of Dentistry, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Zicong Li
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Ashish Phal
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Thomas Vincent
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Yen C Lim
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Diana O'Day
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Cailyn H Spurrell
- Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Aishwarya A Gogate
- Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Hai Zhang
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Washington, School of Dentistry, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Arikketh Devi
- Cancer Biology and Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering, School of Bioengineering, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 603203, India
| | - Yuliang Wang
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Paul G. Allen School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Lea Starita
- Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Dan Doherty
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Ian A Glass
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Jay Shendure
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Benjamin S Freedman
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle WA 98109
| | - David Baker
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Mary C Regier
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Julie Mathieu
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Hannele Ruohola-Baker
- Department of Biomedical Dental Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, College of Dentistry, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia; Department of Oral Health Sciences University of Washington, School of Dentistry, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
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6
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Chen H, Zheng K, Qiu M, Yang J. Preparation of astrocytes by directed differentiation of pluripotent stem cells and somatic cell transdifferentiation. Dev Neurobiol 2023; 83:282-292. [PMID: 37789524 DOI: 10.1002/dneu.22929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Astrocytes (ACs) are the most widely distributed cells in the mammalian central nervous system, which are essential for the function and homeostasis of nervous system. Increasing evidence indicates that ACs also participate in the development of many neurological diseases and repair after nerve injury. ACs cultured in vitro provide a cellular model for studying astrocytic development, function, and the pathogenesis of associated diseases. The preparation of primary ACs (pACs) faces many limitations, so it is important to obtain high-quality ACs by the differentiation of pluripotent stem cell (PSC) or somatic cell transdifferentiation. Initially, researchers mainly tried to induce embryonic stem cells to differentiate into ACs via embryoid body (EB) and then turned to employ induced PSCs as seed cells to explore more simple and efficient directed differentiation strategies, and serum-free culture was delved to improve the quality of induced ACs. While exploring the induction of ACs by the overexpression of AC-specific transcription factors, researchers also began to investigate small molecule-mediated somatic cell transdifferentiation. Here, we provide an updated review on the research progresses in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hangjie Chen
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Organ Development and Regeneration, College of Life and Environment Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kang Zheng
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Organ Development and Regeneration, College of Life and Environment Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mengsheng Qiu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Organ Development and Regeneration, College of Life and Environment Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Junlin Yang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Organ Development and Regeneration, College of Life and Environment Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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7
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Herriges MJ, Yampolskaya M, Thapa BR, Lindstrom-Vautrin J, Wang F, Huang J, Na CL, Ma L, Montminy MM, Bawa P, Villacorta-Martin C, Mehta P, Kotton DN. Durable alveolar engraftment of PSC-derived lung epithelial cells into immunocompetent mice. Cell Stem Cell 2023; 30:1217-1234.e7. [PMID: 37625412 PMCID: PMC10529386 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2023.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Durable reconstitution of the distal lung epithelium with pluripotent stem cell (PSC) derivatives, if realized, would represent a promising therapy for diseases that result from alveolar damage. Here, we differentiate murine PSCs into self-renewing lung epithelial progenitors able to engraft into the injured distal lung epithelium of immunocompetent, syngeneic mouse recipients. After transplantation, these progenitors mature in the distal lung, assuming the molecular phenotypes of alveolar type 2 (AT2) and type 1 (AT1) cells. After months in vivo, donor-derived cells retain their mature phenotypes, as characterized by single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), histologic profiling, and functional assessment that demonstrates continued capacity of the engrafted cells to proliferate and differentiate. These results indicate durable reconstitution of the distal lung's facultative progenitor and differentiated epithelial cell compartments with PSC-derived cells, thus establishing a novel model for pulmonary cell therapy that can be utilized to better understand the mechanisms and utility of engraftment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Herriges
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | | | - Bibek R Thapa
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | | | - Feiya Wang
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Jessie Huang
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Cheng-Lun Na
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Liang Ma
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - McKenna M Montminy
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Pushpinder Bawa
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Carlos Villacorta-Martin
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Pankaj Mehta
- Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Darrell N Kotton
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
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8
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Ma L, Thapa BR, Le Suer JA, Tilston-Lünel A, Herriges MJ, Berical A, Beermann ML, Wang F, Bawa PS, Kohn A, Ysasi AB, Kiyokawa H, Matte TM, Randell SH, Varelas X, Hawkins FJ, Kotton DN. Airway stem cell reconstitution by the transplantation of primary or pluripotent stem cell-derived basal cells. Cell Stem Cell 2023; 30:1199-1216.e7. [PMID: 37625411 PMCID: PMC10528754 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2023.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Life-long reconstitution of a tissue's resident stem cell compartment with engrafted cells has the potential to durably replenish organ function. Here, we demonstrate the engraftment of the airway epithelial stem cell compartment via intra-airway transplantation of mouse or human primary and pluripotent stem cell (PSC)-derived airway basal cells (BCs). Murine primary or PSC-derived BCs transplanted into polidocanol-injured syngeneic recipients give rise for at least two years to progeny that stably display the morphologic, molecular, and functional phenotypes of airway epithelia. The engrafted basal-like cells retain extensive self-renewal potential, evident by the capacity to reconstitute the tracheal epithelium through seven generations of secondary transplantation. Using the same approach, human primary or PSC-derived BCs transplanted into NOD scid gamma (NSG) recipient mice similarly display multilineage airway epithelial differentiation in vivo. Our results may provide a step toward potential future syngeneic cell-based therapy for patients with diseases resulting from airway epithelial cell damage or dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Ma
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Bibek R Thapa
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA; Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Jake A Le Suer
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Andrew Tilston-Lünel
- The Pulmonary Center, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Michael J Herriges
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Andrew Berical
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Mary Lou Beermann
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Feiya Wang
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Pushpinder S Bawa
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Anat Kohn
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Alexandra B Ysasi
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Hirofumi Kiyokawa
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Taylor M Matte
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Scott H Randell
- Marsico Lung Institute/Cystic Fibrosis Center, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Xaralabos Varelas
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Finn J Hawkins
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Darrell N Kotton
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
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9
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Linesch PW, Akhtar AA, Breunig JJ. Tetracycline-Inducible and Reversible Stable Gene Expression in Human iPSC-Derived Neural Progenitors and in the Postnatal Mouse Brain. Curr Protoc 2023; 3:e792. [PMID: 37283517 PMCID: PMC10264152 DOI: 10.1002/cpz1.792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Our group has developed several approaches for stable, non-viral integration of inducible transgenic elements into the genome of mammalian cells. Specifically, a piggyBac tetracycline-inducible genetic element of interest (pB-tet-GOI) plasmid system allows for stable piggyBac transposition-mediated integration into cells, identification of cells that have been transfected using a fluorescent nuclear reporter, and robust transgene activation or suppression upon the addition of doxycycline (dox) to the cell culture or the diet of the animal. Furthermore, the addition of luciferase downstream of the target gene allows for quantitative assessment of gene activity in a non-invasive manner. More recently, we have developed a transgenic system as an alternative to piggyBac called mosaic analysis by dual recombinase-mediated cassette exchange (MADR), as well as additional in vitro transfection techniques and in vivo dox chow applications. The protocols herein provide instructions for the use of this system in cell lines and in the neonatal mouse brain. © 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC. Basic Protocol 1: Cloning of respective genetic element of interest (GOI) into response plasmid Basic Protocol 2: In vitro nucleofection of iPSC-derived human/mouse neural progenitor cells and subsequent derivation of stable inducible cell lines Alternate Protocol: In vitro electroporation of iPSC-derived human/mouse neural progenitor cells Support Protocol: Recovery stage after in vitro transfection Basic Protocol 3: Adding doxycycline to cells to induce/reverse GOI Basic Protocol 4: Assessing gene expression in vitro by non-invasive bioluminescence imaging of luciferase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul W. Linesch
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Aslam Abbasi Akhtar
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Joshua J. Breunig
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
- Division of Applied Cell Biology and Physiology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
- Department of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California
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10
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Tam KW, Wong CY, Wu KLK, Lam G, Liang X, Wong WT, Li MTS, Liu WY, Cai S, Shea GKH, Shum DKY, Chan YS. IPSC-Derived Sensory Neurons Directing Fate Commitment of Human BMSC-Derived Schwann Cells: Applications in Traumatic Neural Injuries. Cells 2023; 12:1479. [PMID: 37296600 PMCID: PMC10253081 DOI: 10.3390/cells12111479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The in vitro derivation of Schwann cells from human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSCs) opens avenues for autologous transplantation to achieve remyelination therapy for post-traumatic neural regeneration. Towards this end, we exploited human induced pluripotent stem-cell-derived sensory neurons to direct Schwann-cell-like cells derived from among the hBMSC-neurosphere cells into lineage-committed Schwann cells (hBMSC-dSCs). These cells were seeded into synthetic conduits for bridging critical gaps in a rat model of sciatic nerve injury. With improvement in gait by 12-week post-bridging, evoked signals were also detectable across the bridged nerve. Confocal microscopy revealed axially aligned axons in association with MBP-positive myelin layers across the bridge in contrast to null in non-seeded controls. Myelinating hBMSC-dSCs within the conduit were positive for both MBP and human nucleus marker HuN. We then implanted hBMSC-dSCs into the contused thoracic cord of rats. By 12-week post-implantation, significant improvement in hindlimb motor function was detectable if chondroitinase ABC was co-delivered to the injured site; such cord segments showed axons myelinated by hBMSC-dSCs. Results support translation into a protocol by which lineage-committed hBMSC-dSCs become available for motor function recovery after traumatic injury to both peripheral and central nervous systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kin-Wai Tam
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (K.-W.T.); (C.-Y.W.); (K.L.-K.W.); (G.L.); (X.L.); (W.-T.W.); (M.T.-S.L.); (W.-Y.L.); (S.C.)
| | - Cheuk-Yin Wong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (K.-W.T.); (C.-Y.W.); (K.L.-K.W.); (G.L.); (X.L.); (W.-T.W.); (M.T.-S.L.); (W.-Y.L.); (S.C.)
| | - Kenneth Lap-Kei Wu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (K.-W.T.); (C.-Y.W.); (K.L.-K.W.); (G.L.); (X.L.); (W.-T.W.); (M.T.-S.L.); (W.-Y.L.); (S.C.)
| | - Guy Lam
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (K.-W.T.); (C.-Y.W.); (K.L.-K.W.); (G.L.); (X.L.); (W.-T.W.); (M.T.-S.L.); (W.-Y.L.); (S.C.)
| | - Xiaotong Liang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (K.-W.T.); (C.-Y.W.); (K.L.-K.W.); (G.L.); (X.L.); (W.-T.W.); (M.T.-S.L.); (W.-Y.L.); (S.C.)
| | - Wai-Ting Wong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (K.-W.T.); (C.-Y.W.); (K.L.-K.W.); (G.L.); (X.L.); (W.-T.W.); (M.T.-S.L.); (W.-Y.L.); (S.C.)
| | - Maximilian Tak-Sui Li
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (K.-W.T.); (C.-Y.W.); (K.L.-K.W.); (G.L.); (X.L.); (W.-T.W.); (M.T.-S.L.); (W.-Y.L.); (S.C.)
| | - Wing-Yui Liu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (K.-W.T.); (C.-Y.W.); (K.L.-K.W.); (G.L.); (X.L.); (W.-T.W.); (M.T.-S.L.); (W.-Y.L.); (S.C.)
| | - Sa Cai
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (K.-W.T.); (C.-Y.W.); (K.L.-K.W.); (G.L.); (X.L.); (W.-T.W.); (M.T.-S.L.); (W.-Y.L.); (S.C.)
| | - Graham Ka-Hon Shea
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;
| | - Daisy Kwok-Yan Shum
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (K.-W.T.); (C.-Y.W.); (K.L.-K.W.); (G.L.); (X.L.); (W.-T.W.); (M.T.-S.L.); (W.-Y.L.); (S.C.)
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ying-Shing Chan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (K.-W.T.); (C.-Y.W.); (K.L.-K.W.); (G.L.); (X.L.); (W.-T.W.); (M.T.-S.L.); (W.-Y.L.); (S.C.)
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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11
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Gramatiuk SM, Ivanova YV, Hudyma AA, Sargsyan K, Kryvoruchko IA, Puliaieva IS. Differentiation of neurosphere after transplantation into the damaged spinal cord. J Med Life 2023; 16:689-698. [PMID: 37520471 PMCID: PMC10375341 DOI: 10.25122/jml-2022-0346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to compare the differentiation and survival of human neural stem/progenitor cells of various origins in vitro and after transplantation into the injured spinal cord of laboratory animals. Rats with simulated spinal cord injury were transplanted with neurosphere cells obtained by directed differentiation of HUES6 cell lines. Fluorescence microscopy was used to visualize the obtained results. HUES6#1 and iPSC#1 neurospheres showed a wide range of markers associated with glial differentiation. The expression of the proliferation marker Ki67 did not exceed 25%, both in the lines of early and late neurospheres. Although neurospheres did not fully differentiate into astrocytes in vitro, they massively approached the GFAP+ astrocyte phenotype when exposed to the transplanted environment. PSC-derived neurospheres transplanted into the site of SM injury without additional growth factors showed only moderate survival, a significant degree of differentiation into astrocytes, and moderate differentiation into neurons. The difference in the survival and differentiation of HUES6#1 and iPSC#1 neurospheres, both in vitro and in vivo, can be explained by the difference in the regulatory behavior of signaling molecules corresponding to the source of origin of PSCs. Derivatives of human PSCs of various origins obtained according to the described differentiation protocol did not mature into astrocytic populations, nor did the glycogenic transition of PSC-derived NSCs occur in vitro. The study demonstrated the impact of the injured spinal cord microenvironment on the differentiation of transplanted HUES6#1 and iPSC#1 into astrocytes. The results showed that HUES6-derived neurospheres generated 90% of GFAP+ astrocytes and 5-10% of early neurons, while iPSC-derived neurospheres generated an average of 74% GFAP+ astrocytes and 5% of early neurons in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Mykolaiivna Gramatiuk
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Bio-Stem Cell Rehabilitation of the Ukrainian Association of Biobanks, Kharkiv, Ukraine
- Department of Biotechnology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
- International Biobanking and Education, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Yulia Viktorovna Ivanova
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Bio-Stem Cell Rehabilitation of the Ukrainian Association of Biobanks, Kharkiv, Ukraine
- Department of Surgery No.1, Kharkiv National Medical University, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Arsen Arsenievich Hudyma
- Emergency Medical Care, Ternopil National Medical University named after I. Ya. Gorbachevsky, Ternopil, Ukraine
| | - Karine Sargsyan
- International Biobanking and Education, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Department of Medical Genetics, Yerevan State Medical University, Yerevan, Armenia
| | | | - Inna Sergeevna Puliaieva
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Bio-Stem Cell Rehabilitation of the Ukrainian Association of Biobanks, Kharkiv, Ukraine
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12
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Fan Y, Hackland J, Baggiolini A, Hung LY, Zhao H, Zumbo P, Oberst P, Minotti AP, Hergenreder E, Najjar S, Huang Z, Cruz NM, Zhong A, Sidharta M, Zhou T, de Stanchina E, Betel D, White RM, Gershon M, Margolis KG, Studer L. hPSC-derived sacral neural crest enables rescue in a severe model of Hirschsprung's disease. Cell Stem Cell 2023; 30:264-282.e9. [PMID: 36868194 PMCID: PMC10034921 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2023.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
The enteric nervous system (ENS) is derived from both the vagal and sacral component of the neural crest (NC). Here, we present the derivation of sacral ENS precursors from human PSCs via timed exposure to FGF, WNT, and GDF11, which enables posterior patterning and transition from posterior trunk to sacral NC identity, respectively. Using a SOX2::H2B-tdTomato/T::H2B-GFP dual reporter hPSC line, we demonstrate that both trunk and sacral NC emerge from a double-positive neuro-mesodermal progenitor (NMP). Vagal and sacral NC precursors yield distinct neuronal subtypes and migratory behaviors in vitro and in vivo. Remarkably, xenografting of both vagal and sacral NC lineages is required to rescue a mouse model of total aganglionosis, suggesting opportunities in the treatment of severe forms of Hirschsprung's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Fan
- The Center for Stem Cell Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Developmental Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - James Hackland
- The Center for Stem Cell Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Developmental Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Arianna Baggiolini
- The Center for Stem Cell Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Developmental Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Lin Y Hung
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY 10010, USA
| | - Huiyong Zhao
- Antitumor Assessment Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Paul Zumbo
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA; Applied Bioinformatics Core, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Polina Oberst
- The Center for Stem Cell Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Developmental Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Andrew P Minotti
- The Center for Stem Cell Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Developmental Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Emiliano Hergenreder
- The Center for Stem Cell Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Developmental Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Sarah Najjar
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY 10010, USA
| | - Zixing Huang
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY 10010, USA
| | - Nelly M Cruz
- Cancer Biology and Genetics and Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Aaron Zhong
- The Center for Stem Cell Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Developmental Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; The SKI Stem Cell Research Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Mega Sidharta
- The Center for Stem Cell Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Developmental Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; The SKI Stem Cell Research Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Ting Zhou
- The Center for Stem Cell Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Developmental Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; The SKI Stem Cell Research Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Elisa de Stanchina
- Antitumor Assessment Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Doron Betel
- Applied Bioinformatics Core, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA; Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Richard M White
- Cancer Biology and Genetics and Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Michael Gershon
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Kara Gross Margolis
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY 10010, USA; Department of Pediatrics, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10010, USA
| | - Lorenz Studer
- The Center for Stem Cell Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Developmental Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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13
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Yu F, Liu F, Liang X, Duan L, Li Q, Pan G, Ma C, Liu M, Li M, Wang P, Zhao X. iPSC-Derived Airway Epithelial Cells: Progress, Promise, and Challenges. Stem Cells 2023; 41:1-10. [PMID: 36190736 DOI: 10.1093/stmcls/sxac074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) generated from somatic cell sources are pluripotent and capable of indefinite expansion in vitro. They provide an unlimited source of cells that can be differentiated into lung progenitor cells for potential clinical use in pulmonary regenerative medicine. This review gives a comprehensive overview of recent progress toward the use of iPSCs to generate proximal and distal airway epithelial cells and mix lung organoids. Furthermore, their potential applications and future challenges for the field are discussed, with a focus on the technological hurdles that must be cleared before stem cell therapeutics can be used for clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenggang Yu
- Life Sciences Institute, Yinfeng Biological Group, Ltd., Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Liu
- Life Sciences Institute, Yinfeng Biological Group, Ltd., Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohua Liang
- Life Sciences Institute, Yinfeng Biological Group, Ltd., Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Linwei Duan
- Life Sciences Institute, Yinfeng Biological Group, Ltd., Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiongqiong Li
- Life Sciences Institute, Yinfeng Biological Group, Ltd., Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ge Pan
- Life Sciences Institute, Yinfeng Biological Group, Ltd., Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengyao Ma
- Life Sciences Institute, Yinfeng Biological Group, Ltd., Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Minmin Liu
- Life Sciences Institute, Yinfeng Biological Group, Ltd., Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingyue Li
- Yinfeng Biological Group, Ltd., Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Wang
- Guangxi Yinfeng Stem Cell Engineering Technology Co., Ltd., Yufeng, Liuzhou, Guangxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuening Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
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14
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Chang Y, Syahirah R, Wang X, Jin G, Torregrosa-Allen S, Elzey BD, Hummel SN, Wang T, Li C, Lian X, Deng Q, Broxmeyer HE, Bao X. Engineering chimeric antigen receptor neutrophils from human pluripotent stem cells for targeted cancer immunotherapy. Cell Rep 2022; 40:111128. [PMID: 35858579 PMCID: PMC9327527 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils, the most abundant white blood cells in circulation, are closely related to cancer development and progression. Healthy primary neutrophils present potent cytotoxicity against various cancer cell lines through direct contact and via generation of reactive oxygen species. However, due to their short half-life and resistance to genetic modification, neutrophils have not yet been engineered with chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) to enhance their antitumor cytotoxicity for targeted immunotherapy. Here, we genetically engineered human pluripotent stem cells with synthetic CARs and differentiated them into functional neutrophils by implementing a chemically defined platform. The resulting CAR neutrophils present superior and specific cytotoxicity against tumor cells both in vitro and in vivo. Collectively, we established a robust platform for massive production of CAR neutrophils, paving the way to myeloid cell-based therapeutic strategies that would boost current cancer-treatment approaches. Neutrophils are important innate immune cells that mediate both protumor and antitumor activities. Chang et al. genetically engineer human pluripotent stem cells to produce chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) neutrophils that display superior antitumor activities and improve survival in an in situ glioblastoma xenograft model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Chang
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Ramizah Syahirah
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Xuepeng Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Gyuhyung Jin
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | | | - Bennett D Elzey
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Sydney N Hummel
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Tianqi Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Can Li
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Xiaojun Lian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
| | - Qing Deng
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
| | - Hal E Broxmeyer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Xiaoping Bao
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
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15
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Parent AV, Ashe S, Nair GG, Li ML, Chavez J, Liu JS, Zhong Y, Streeter PR, Hebrok M. Development of a scalable method to isolate subsets of stem cell-derived pancreatic islet cells. Stem Cell Reports 2022; 17:979-992. [PMID: 35245441 PMCID: PMC9023773 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2022.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell replacement therapy using β cells derived from stem cells is a promising alternative to conventional diabetes treatment options. Although current differentiation methods produce glucose-responsive β cells, they can also yield populations of undesired endocrine progenitors and other proliferating cell types that might interfere with long-term islet function and safety of transplanted cells. Here, we describe the generation of an array of monoclonal antibodies against cell surface markers that selectively label stem cell-derived islet cells. A high-throughput screen identified promising candidates, including three clones that mark a high proportion of endocrine cells in differentiated cultures. A scalable magnetic sorting method was developed to enrich for human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-derived islet cells using these three antibodies, leading to the formation of islet-like clusters with improved glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and reduced growth upon transplantation. This strategy should facilitate large-scale production of functional islet clusters from stem cells for disease modeling and cell replacement therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey V Parent
- Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
| | - Sudipta Ashe
- Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Gopika G Nair
- Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Mei-Lan Li
- Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Jessica Chavez
- Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Jennifer S Liu
- Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Yongping Zhong
- Oregon Stem Cell Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Philip R Streeter
- Oregon Stem Cell Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Matthias Hebrok
- Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
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16
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Raabe FJ, Stephan M, Waldeck JB, Huber V, Demetriou D, Kannaiyan N, Galinski S, Glaser LV, Wehr MC, Ziller MJ, Schmitt A, Falkai P, Rossner MJ. Expression of Lineage Transcription Factors Identifies Differences in Transition States of Induced Human Oligodendrocyte Differentiation. Cells 2022; 11:cells11020241. [PMID: 35053357 PMCID: PMC8773672 DOI: 10.3390/cells11020241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Oligodendrocytes (OLs) are critical for myelination and are implicated in several brain disorders. Directed differentiation of human-induced OLs (iOLs) from pluripotent stem cells can be achieved by forced expression of different combinations of the transcription factors SOX10 (S), OLIG2 (O), and NKX6.2 (N). Here, we applied quantitative image analysis and single-cell transcriptomics to compare different transcription factor (TF) combinations for their efficacy towards robust OL lineage conversion. Compared with S alone, the combination of SON increases the number of iOLs and generates iOLs with a more complex morphology and higher expression levels of myelin-marker genes. RNA velocity analysis of individual cells reveals that S generates a population of oligodendrocyte-precursor cells (OPCs) that appear to be more immature than those generated by SON and to display distinct molecular properties. Our work highlights that TFs for generating iOPCs or iOLs should be chosen depending on the intended application or research question, and that SON might be beneficial to study more mature iOLs while S might be better suited to investigate iOPC biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian J. Raabe
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany; (F.J.R.); (M.S.); (J.B.W.); (V.H.); (D.D.); (N.K.); (S.G.); (M.C.W.); (A.S.); (P.F.)
- International Max Planck Research School for Translational Psychiatry (IMPRS-TP), 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Marius Stephan
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany; (F.J.R.); (M.S.); (J.B.W.); (V.H.); (D.D.); (N.K.); (S.G.); (M.C.W.); (A.S.); (P.F.)
- International Max Planck Research School for Translational Psychiatry (IMPRS-TP), 80804 Munich, Germany
- Systasy Bioscience GmbH, 81669 Munich, Germany
| | - Jan Benedikt Waldeck
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany; (F.J.R.); (M.S.); (J.B.W.); (V.H.); (D.D.); (N.K.); (S.G.); (M.C.W.); (A.S.); (P.F.)
| | - Verena Huber
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany; (F.J.R.); (M.S.); (J.B.W.); (V.H.); (D.D.); (N.K.); (S.G.); (M.C.W.); (A.S.); (P.F.)
| | - Damianos Demetriou
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany; (F.J.R.); (M.S.); (J.B.W.); (V.H.); (D.D.); (N.K.); (S.G.); (M.C.W.); (A.S.); (P.F.)
| | - Nirmal Kannaiyan
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany; (F.J.R.); (M.S.); (J.B.W.); (V.H.); (D.D.); (N.K.); (S.G.); (M.C.W.); (A.S.); (P.F.)
- Systasy Bioscience GmbH, 81669 Munich, Germany
| | - Sabrina Galinski
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany; (F.J.R.); (M.S.); (J.B.W.); (V.H.); (D.D.); (N.K.); (S.G.); (M.C.W.); (A.S.); (P.F.)
- Systasy Bioscience GmbH, 81669 Munich, Germany
| | - Laura V. Glaser
- Department of Computational Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Michael C. Wehr
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany; (F.J.R.); (M.S.); (J.B.W.); (V.H.); (D.D.); (N.K.); (S.G.); (M.C.W.); (A.S.); (P.F.)
- Systasy Bioscience GmbH, 81669 Munich, Germany
| | - Michael J. Ziller
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany;
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Andrea Schmitt
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany; (F.J.R.); (M.S.); (J.B.W.); (V.H.); (D.D.); (N.K.); (S.G.); (M.C.W.); (A.S.); (P.F.)
- Laboratory of Neurosciences (LIM-27), Institute of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo 05403-903, Brazil
| | - Peter Falkai
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany; (F.J.R.); (M.S.); (J.B.W.); (V.H.); (D.D.); (N.K.); (S.G.); (M.C.W.); (A.S.); (P.F.)
| | - Moritz J. Rossner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany; (F.J.R.); (M.S.); (J.B.W.); (V.H.); (D.D.); (N.K.); (S.G.); (M.C.W.); (A.S.); (P.F.)
- Systasy Bioscience GmbH, 81669 Munich, Germany
- Correspondence:
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17
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Su EY, Spangler A, Bian Q, Kasamoto JY, Cahan P. Reconstruction of dynamic regulatory networks reveals signaling-induced topology changes associated with germ layer specification. Stem Cell Reports 2022; 17:427-442. [PMID: 35090587 PMCID: PMC8828556 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2021.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Elucidating regulatory relationships between transcription factors (TFs) and target genes is fundamental to understanding how cells control their identity and behavior. Unfortunately, existing computational gene regulatory network (GRN) reconstruction methods are imprecise, computationally burdensome, and fail to reveal dynamic regulatory topologies. Here, we present Epoch, a reconstruction tool that uses single-cell transcriptomics to accurately infer dynamic networks. We apply Epoch to identify the dynamic networks underpinning directed differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) guided by multiple signaling pathways, and we demonstrate that modulating these pathways drives topological changes that bias cell fate potential. We also find that Peg3 rewires the pluripotency network to favor mesoderm specification. By integrating signaling pathways with GRNs, we trace how Wnt activation and PI3K suppression govern mesoderm and endoderm specification, respectively. Finally, we identify regulatory circuits of patterning and axis formation that distinguish in vitro and in vivo mesoderm specification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Y Su
- Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Abby Spangler
- Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Qin Bian
- Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Jessica Y Kasamoto
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Patrick Cahan
- Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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18
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Abstract
Fifteen years ago, this journal published a review outlining future options for regenerating the kidney. At that time, stem cell populations were being identified in multiple tissues, the concept of stem cell recruitment to a site of injury was of great interest, and the possibility of postnatal renal stem cells was growing in momentum. Since that time, we have seen the advent of human induced pluripotent stem cells, substantial advances in our capacity to both sequence and edit the genome, global and spatial transcriptional analysis down to the single-cell level, and a pandemic that has challenged our delivery of health care to all. This article will look back over this period of time to see how our view of kidney development, disease, repair, and regeneration has changed and envision a future for kidney regeneration and repair over the next 15 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa H. Little
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia,Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia,Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Benjamin D. Humphreys
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, Missouri,Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, Missouri
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19
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Soleas JP, Huang L, D'Arcangelo E, Nostro MC, Waddell TK, McGuigan AP, Karoubi G. Guided Self-Assembly of ES-Derived Lung Progenitors into Biomimetic Tube Structures That Impact Cell Differentiation. Bioengineering (Basel) 2021; 8:209. [PMID: 34940362 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering8120209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemically directed differentiation of pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) into defined cell types is a potent strategy for creating regenerative tissue models and cell therapies. In vitro observations suggest that physical cues can augment directed differentiation. We recently demonstrated that confining human PSC-derived lung progenitor cells in a tube with a diameter that mimics those observed during lung development results in the alteration of cell differentiation towards SOX2−SOX9+ lung cells. Here we set out to assess the robustness of this geometric confinement effect with respect to different culture parameters in order to explore the corresponding changes in cell morphometry and determine the feasibility of using such an approach to enhance directed differentiation protocols. Culture of progenitor cells in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) tubes reliably induced self-organization into tube structures and was insensitive to a variety of extracellular matrix coatings. Cellular morphology and differentiation status were found to be sensitive to the diameter of tube cells that were cultured within but not to seeding density. These data suggest that geometric cues impose constraints on cells, homogenize cellular morphology, and influence fate status.
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20
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Abstract
The discovery of human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) at the turn of the century opened the door to a new generation of regenerative medicine research. Among PSCs, the donors available for induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are greatest, providing a potentially universal cell source for all types of cell therapies including cancer immunotherapies using natural killer (NK cells). Unlike primary NK cells, those prepared from iPSCs can be prepared with a homogeneous quality and are easily modified to exert a desired response to tumor cells. There already exist several protocols to genetically modify and differentiate iPSCs into NK cells, and each has its own advantages with regards to immunotherapies. In this short review, we detail the benefits of using iPSCs in NK cell immunotherapies and discuss the challenges that must be overcome before this approach becomes mainstream in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Karagiannis
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Shin-Il Kim
- Research and Development Center, THERABEST, Co., Ltd., Seoul 06656, Korea
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21
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Tsui YP, Lam G, Wu KL, Li MT, Tam KW, Shum DK, Chan YS. Derivation of Oligodendrocyte Precursors from Adult Bone Marrow Stromal Cells for Remyelination Therapy. Cells 2021; 10:2166. [PMID: 34440935 DOI: 10.3390/cells10082166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Transplantation of oligodendrocyte precursors (OPs) is potentially therapeutic for myelin disorders but a safe and accessible cell source remains to be identified. Here we report a two-step protocol for derivation of highly enriched populations of OPs from bone marrow stromal cells of young adult rats (aMSCs). Neural progenitors among the aMSCs were expanded in non-adherent sphere-forming cultures and subsequently directed along the OP lineage with the use of glial-inducing growth factors. Immunocytochemical and flow cytometric analyses of these cells confirmed OP-like expression of Olig2, PDGFRα, NG2, and Sox10. OPs so derived formed compact myelin both in vitro, as in co-culture with purified neurons, and in vivo, following transplantation into the corpus callosum of neonatal shiverer mice. Not only did the density of myelinated axons in the corpus callosum of recipient shiverer mice reach levels comparable to those in age-matched wild-type mice, but the mean lifespan of recipient shiverer mice also far exceeded those of non-recipient shiverer mice. Our results thus promise progress in harnessing the OP-generating potential of aMSCs towards cell therapy for myelin disorders.
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22
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Kim TW, Piao J, Koo SY, Kriks S, Chung SY, Betel D, Socci ND, Choi SJ, Zabierowski S, Dubose BN, Hill EJ, Mosharov EV, Irion S, Tomishima MJ, Tabar V, Studer L. Biphasic Activation of WNT Signaling Facilitates the Derivation of Midbrain Dopamine Neurons from hESCs for Translational Use. Cell Stem Cell 2021; 28:343-355.e5. [PMID: 33545081 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2021.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cells show considerable promise for applications in regenerative medicine, including the development of cell replacement paradigms for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Protocols have been developed to generate authentic midbrain dopamine (mDA) neurons capable of reversing dopamine-related deficits in animal models of Parkinson's disease. However, the generation of mDA neurons at clinical scale suitable for human application remains an important challenge. Here, we present an mDA neuron derivation protocol based on a two-step WNT signaling activation strategy that improves expression of midbrain markers, such as Engrailed-1 (EN1), while minimizing expression of contaminating posterior (hindbrain) and anterior (diencephalic) lineage markers. The resulting neurons exhibit molecular, biochemical, and electrophysiological properties of mDA neurons. Cryopreserved mDA neuron precursors can be successfully transplanted into 6-hydroxydopamine (6OHDA) lesioned rats to induce recovery of amphetamine-induced rotation behavior. The protocol presented here is the basis for clinical-grade mDA neuron production and preclinical safety and efficacy studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Wan Kim
- Center for Stem Cell Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Developmental Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jinghua Piao
- Center for Stem Cell Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Neurosurgery and Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - So Yeon Koo
- Center for Stem Cell Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Developmental Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program of Weill Cornell Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sonja Kriks
- Center for Stem Cell Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sun Young Chung
- Center for Stem Cell Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Developmental Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Doron Betel
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nicholas D Socci
- Bioinformatics Core, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Se Joon Choi
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Susan Zabierowski
- Center for Stem Cell Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Developmental Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; SKI Stem Cell Research Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Brittany N Dubose
- Center for Stem Cell Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Developmental Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; SKI Stem Cell Research Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ellen J Hill
- Center for Stem Cell Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Developmental Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; SKI Stem Cell Research Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Eugene V Mosharov
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stefan Irion
- Center for Stem Cell Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Developmental Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mark J Tomishima
- Center for Stem Cell Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Developmental Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; SKI Stem Cell Research Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Viviane Tabar
- Center for Stem Cell Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Neurosurgery and Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Cancer Biology & Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Lorenz Studer
- Center for Stem Cell Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Developmental Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
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23
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Khoshdel-Rad N, Zahmatkesh E, Moeinvaziri F, Haghparast N, Baharvand H, Aghdami N, Moghadasali R. Promoting Maturation of Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Renal Microtissue by Incorporation of Endothelial and Mesenchymal Cells. Stem Cells Dev 2021; 30:428-440. [PMID: 33787359 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2020.0189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Directed differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) uses a growing number of small molecules and growth factors required for in vitro generation of renal lineage cells. Although current protocols are relatively inefficient or expensive. The first objective of the present work was to establish a new differentiation protocol for generating renal precursors. We sought to determine if inducer of definitive endoderm 1 (IDE1), a cost-effective small molecule, can be used to replace activin A. Gene expression data showed significantly increased expressions of nephrogenic markers in cells differentiated with 20 nM IDE1 compared with cells differentiated with activin A. Thus, renal lineage cells could be generated by this alternative approach. Afterward, we determined whether coculture of endothelial and mesenchymal cells could increase the maturation of three-dimensional (3D) renal structures. For this purpose, we employed a 3D coculture system in which hPSC-derived kidney precursors were cocultured with endothelial cells (ECs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), hereafter named RMEM (renal microtissue derived from coculture of renal precursors with endothelial and mesenchymal stem cells). hPSC-derived kidney precursors were cultured either alone [renal microtissue (RM)] or in coculture with human umbilical vein endothelial cells and human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells at an approximate ratio of 10:7:2, respectively. Immunofluorescent staining showed expressions of kidney-specific markers synaptopodin, LTL, and E-cadherin, as well as CD31+ ECs that were distributed throughout the RMEMs. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis confirmed a significant increase in gene expressions of the renal-specific markers in RMEMs compared with RMs. These findings demonstrated that renal precursors cocultured with endothelial and MSCs showed greater maturity compared with RMs. Moreover, ex ovo transplantation induced further maturation in the RMEM constructs. Our novel approach enabled the generation of RMEM that could potentially be used in high-throughput drug screening and nephrotoxicology studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloofar Khoshdel-Rad
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Developmental Biology, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ensieh Zahmatkesh
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Developmental Biology, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farideh Moeinvaziri
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Developmental Biology, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran
| | - Newsha Haghparast
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Baharvand
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Developmental Biology, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasser Aghdami
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Moghadasali
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Developmental Biology, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran
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24
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Howden SE, Wilson SB, Groenewegen E, Starks L, Forbes TA, Tan KS, Vanslambrouck JM, Holloway EM, Chen YH, Jain S, Spence JR, Little MH. Plasticity of distal nephron epithelia from human kidney organoids enables the induction of ureteric tip and stalk. Cell Stem Cell 2021; 28:671-684.e6. [PMID: 33378647 PMCID: PMC8026527 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2020.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
During development, distinct progenitors contribute to the nephrons versus the ureteric epithelium of the kidney. Indeed, previous human pluripotent stem-cell-derived models of kidney tissue either contain nephrons or pattern specifically to the ureteric epithelium. By re-analyzing the transcriptional distinction between distal nephron and ureteric epithelium in human fetal kidney, we show here that, while existing nephron-containing kidney organoids contain distal nephron epithelium and no ureteric epithelium, this distal nephron segment alone displays significant in vitro plasticity and can adopt a ureteric epithelial tip identity when isolated and cultured in defined conditions. "Induced" ureteric epithelium cultures can be cryopreserved, serially passaged without loss of identity, and transitioned toward a collecting duct fate. Cultures harboring loss-of-function mutations in PKHD1 also recapitulate the cystic phenotype associated with autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara E Howden
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Melbourne, 3052 VIC, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3052 VIC, Australia.
| | - Sean B Wilson
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Melbourne, 3052 VIC, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3052 VIC, Australia
| | - Ella Groenewegen
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Melbourne, 3052 VIC, Australia
| | - Lakshi Starks
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Melbourne, 3052 VIC, Australia
| | - Thomas A Forbes
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Melbourne, 3052 VIC, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3052 VIC, Australia; Department of Nephrology, Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Rd, Parkville, Melbourne, 3052 VIC, Australia
| | - Ker Sin Tan
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Melbourne, 3052 VIC, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | - Jason R Spence
- University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Melissa H Little
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Melbourne, 3052 VIC, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3052 VIC, Australia; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
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25
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Abstract
Blood vessels are ubiquitously distributed within all tissues of the body and perform diverse functions. Thus, derivation of mature vascular endothelial cells, which line blood vessel lumens, from human pluripotent stem cells is crucial for a multitude of tissue engineering and regeneration applications. In vivo, primordial endothelial cells are derived from the mesodermal lineage and are specified toward specific subtypes, including arterial, venous, capillary, hemogenic, and lymphatic. Hemogenic endothelial cells are of particular interest because, during development, they give rise to hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, which then generate all blood lineages throughout life. Thus, creating a system to generate hemogenic endothelial cells in vitro would provide an opportunity to study endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition, and may lead to ex vivo production of human blood products and reduced reliance on human donors. While several protocols exist for the derivation of progenitor and primordial endothelial cells, generation of well-characterized hemogenic endothelial cells from human stem cells has not been described. Here, a method for the derivation of hemogenic endothelial cells from human embryonic stem cells in approximately 1 week is presented: a differentiation protocol with primitive streak cells formed in response to GSK3β inhibitor (CHIR99021), then mesoderm lineage induction mediated by bFGF, followed by primordial endothelial cell development promoted by BMP4 and VEGF-A, and finally hemogenic endothelial cell specification induced by retinoic acid. This protocol yields a well-defined population of hemogenic endothelial cells that can be used to further understand their molecular regulation and endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition, which has the potential to be applied to downstream therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Nelson
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia; Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia
| | - Jingyao Qiu
- Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine; Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine
| | - Nicholas W Chavkin
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia; Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia
| | - Karen K Hirschi
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia; Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia; Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine; Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine; Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine;
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26
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Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Chen P, Ma CY, Li C, Au TYK, Tam V, Peng Y, Wu R, Cheung KMC, Sham PC, Tse HF, Chan D, Leung VY, Cheah KSE, Lian Q. Directed Differentiation of Notochord-like and Nucleus Pulposus-like Cells Using Human Pluripotent Stem Cells. Cell Rep 2021; 30:2791-2806.e5. [PMID: 32101752 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.01.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration might be amenable to stem cell therapy, but the required cells are scarce. Here, we report the development of a protocol for directed in vitro differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) into notochord-like and nucleus pulposus (NP)-like cells of the disc. The first step combines enhancement of ACTIVIN/NODAL and WNT and inhibition of BMP pathways. By day 5 of differentiation, hPSC-derived cells express notochordal cell characteristic genes. After activating the TGF-β pathway for an additional 15 days, qPCR, immunostaining, and transcriptome data show that a wide array of NP markers are expressed. Transcriptomically, the in vitro-derived cells become more like in vivo adolescent human NP cells, driven by a set of influential genes enriched with motifs bound by BRACHYURY and FOXA2, consistent with an NP cell-like identity. Transplantation of these NP-like cells attenuates fibrotic changes in a rat disc injury model of disc degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuelin Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Centre, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Centre, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Peikai Chen
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Chui Yan Ma
- Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Cheng Li
- Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Tiffany Y K Au
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Vivian Tam
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Yan Peng
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Ron Wu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Kenneth Man Chee Cheung
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Pak C Sham
- Centre for PanorOmic Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Hung-Fat Tse
- Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Danny Chan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Victor Y Leung
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Kathryn S E Cheah
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
| | - Qizhou Lian
- Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Centre, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China; The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
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27
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Hawkins FJ, Suzuki S, Beermann ML, Barillà C, Wang R, Villacorta-Martin C, Berical A, Jean JC, Le Suer J, Matte T, Simone-Roach C, Tang Y, Schlaeger TM, Crane AM, Matthias N, Huang SXL, Randell SH, Wu J, Spence JR, Carraro G, Stripp BR, Rab A, Sorsher EJ, Horani A, Brody SL, Davis BR, Kotton DN. Derivation of Airway Basal Stem Cells from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells. Cell Stem Cell 2021; 28:79-95.e8. [PMID: 33098807 PMCID: PMC7796997 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2020.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The derivation of tissue-specific stem cells from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) would have broad reaching implications for regenerative medicine. Here, we report the directed differentiation of human iPSCs into airway basal cells ("iBCs"), a population resembling the stem cell of the airway epithelium. Using a dual fluorescent reporter system (NKX2-1GFP;TP63tdTomato), we track and purify these cells as they first emerge as developmentally immature NKX2-1GFP+ lung progenitors and subsequently augment a TP63 program during proximal airway epithelial patterning. In response to primary basal cell medium, NKX2-1GFP+/TP63tdTomato+ cells display the molecular and functional phenotype of airway basal cells, including the capacity to self-renew or undergo multi-lineage differentiation in vitro and in tracheal xenografts in vivo. iBCs and their differentiated progeny model perturbations that characterize acquired and genetic airway diseases, including the mucus metaplasia of asthma, chloride channel dysfunction of cystic fibrosis, and ciliary defects of primary ciliary dyskinesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Finn J Hawkins
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Shingo Suzuki
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mary Lou Beermann
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Cristina Barillà
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ruobing Wang
- Pulmonary and Respiratory Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Carlos Villacorta-Martin
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Andrew Berical
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - J C Jean
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Jake Le Suer
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Taylor Matte
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | | | - Yang Tang
- Boston Children's Hospital Stem Cell Program, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Thorsten M Schlaeger
- Boston Children's Hospital Stem Cell Program, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Ana M Crane
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Nadine Matthias
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sarah X L Huang
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Scott H Randell
- Marsico Lung Institute and Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Joshua Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jason R Spence
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan College of Engineering, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Gianni Carraro
- Department of Medicine, Lung and Regenerative Medicine Institutes, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Barry R Stripp
- Department of Medicine, Lung and Regenerative Medicine Institutes, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Andras Rab
- Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Eric J Sorsher
- Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Amjad Horani
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Steven L Brody
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Brian R Davis
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Darrell N Kotton
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
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28
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Posabella A, Alber AB, Undeutsch HJ, Droeser RA, Hollenberg AN, Ikonomou L, Kotton DN. Derivation of Thyroid Follicular Cells From Pluripotent Stem Cells: Insights From Development and Implications for Regenerative Medicine. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:666565. [PMID: 33959101 PMCID: PMC8095374 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.666565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cell-based therapies to reconstitute in vivo organ function hold great promise for future clinical applications to a variety of diseases. Hypothyroidism resulting from congenital lack of functional thyrocytes, surgical tissue removal, or gland ablation, represents a particularly attractive endocrine disease target that may be conceivably cured by transplantation of long-lived functional thyroid progenitors or mature follicular epithelial cells, provided a source of autologous cells can be generated and a variety of technical and biological challenges can be surmounted. Here we review the emerging literature indicating that thyroid follicular epithelial cells can now be engineered in vitro from the pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) of mice, normal humans, or patients with congenital hypothyroidism. We review the in vivo embryonic development of the thyroid gland and explain how emerging discoveries in developmental biology have been utilized as a roadmap for driving PSCs, which resemble cells of the early embryo, into mature functional thyroid follicles in vitro. Finally, we discuss the bioengineering, biological, and clinical hurdles that now need to be addressed if the goals of life-long cure of hypothyroidism through cell- and/or gene-based therapies are to be attained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Posabella
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
- University Center of Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases—Clarunis, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andrea B. Alber
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Hendrik J. Undeutsch
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Raoul A. Droeser
- University Center of Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases—Clarunis, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Anthony N. Hollenberg
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Laertis Ikonomou
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
- The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Darrell N. Kotton
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
- The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
- *Correspondence: Darrell N. Kotton,
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29
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Kim TW, Koo SY, Studer L. Pluripotent Stem Cell Therapies for Parkinson Disease: Present Challenges and Future Opportunities. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:729. [PMID: 32903681 PMCID: PMC7438741 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In Parkinson's disease (PD), there are currently no effective therapies to prevent or slow down disease progression. Cell replacement therapy using human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-derived dopamine neurons holds considerable promise. It presents a novel, regenerative strategy, building on the extensive history of fetal tissue grafts and capturing the potential of hPSCs to serve as a scalable and standardized cell source. Progress in establishing protocols for the direct differentiation to midbrain dopamine (mDA) neurons from hPSC have catalyzed the development of cell-based therapies for PD. Consequently, several groups have derived clinical-grade mDA neuron precursors under clinical good manufacture practice condition, which are progressing toward clinical testing in PD patients. Here we will review the current status of the field, discuss the remaining key challenges, and highlight future areas for further improvements of hPSC-based technologies in the clinical translation to PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Wan Kim
- The Center for Stem Cell Biology, Developmental Biology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY, United States.,Developmental Biology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY, United States
| | - So Yeon Koo
- The Center for Stem Cell Biology, Developmental Biology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY, United States.,Developmental Biology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY, United States.,Neuroscience Graduate Program of Weill Cornell Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Lorenz Studer
- The Center for Stem Cell Biology, Developmental Biology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY, United States.,Developmental Biology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY, United States
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30
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Williams B, Löbel W, Finklea F, Halloin C, Ritzenhoff K, Manstein F, Mohammadi S, Hashemi M, Zweigerdt R, Lipke E, Cremaschi S. Prediction of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Cardiac Differentiation Outcome by Multifactorial Process Modeling. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:851. [PMID: 32793579 PMCID: PMC7390976 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Human cardiomyocytes (CMs) have potential for use in therapeutic cell therapy and high-throughput drug screening. Because of the inability to expand adult CMs, their large-scale production from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSC) has been suggested. Significant improvements have been made in understanding directed differentiation processes of CMs from hPSCs and their suspension culture-based production at chemically defined conditions. However, optimization experiments are costly, time-consuming, and highly variable, leading to challenges in developing reliable and consistent protocols for the generation of large CM numbers at high purity. This study examined the ability of data-driven modeling with machine learning for identifying key experimental conditions and predicting final CM content using data collected during hPSC-cardiac differentiation in advanced stirred tank bioreactors (STBRs). Through feature selection, we identified process conditions, features, and patterns that are the most influential on and predictive of the CM content at the process endpoint, on differentiation day 10 (dd10). Process-related features were extracted from experimental data collected from 58 differentiation experiments by feature engineering. These features included data continuously collected online by the bioreactor system, such as dissolved oxygen concentration and pH patterns, as well as offline determined data, including the cell density, cell aggregate size, and nutrient concentrations. The selected features were used as inputs to construct models to classify the resulting CM content as being "sufficient" or "insufficient" regarding pre-defined thresholds. The models built using random forests and Gaussian process modeling predicted insufficient CM content for a differentiation process with 90% accuracy and precision on dd7 of the protocol and with 85% accuracy and 82% precision at a substantially earlier stage: dd5. These models provide insight into potential key factors affecting hPSC cardiac differentiation to aid in selecting future experimental conditions and can predict the final CM content at earlier process timepoints, providing cost and time savings. This study suggests that data-driven models and machine learning techniques can be employed using existing data for understanding and improving production of a specific cell type, which is potentially applicable to other lineages and critical for realization of their therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Williams
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Wiebke Löbel
- Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs (LEBAO), Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Ferdous Finklea
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Caroline Halloin
- Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs (LEBAO), Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Katharina Ritzenhoff
- Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs (LEBAO), Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Felix Manstein
- Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs (LEBAO), Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Samira Mohammadi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | | | - Robert Zweigerdt
- Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs (LEBAO), Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Elizabeth Lipke
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Selen Cremaschi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
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31
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Naumovska E, Aalderink G, Wong Valencia C, Kosim K, Nicolas A, Brown S, Vulto P, Erdmann KS, Kurek D. Direct On-Chip Differentiation of Intestinal Tubules from Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21144964. [PMID: 32674311 PMCID: PMC7404294 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21144964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal organoids have emerged as the new paradigm for modelling the healthy and diseased intestine with patient-relevant properties. In this study, we show directed differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells towards intestinal-like phenotype within a microfluidic device. iPSCs are cultured against a gel in microfluidic chips of the OrganoPlate, in which they undergo stepwise differentiation. Cells form a tubular structure, lose their stem cell markers and start expressing mature intestinal markers, including markers for Paneth cells, enterocytes and neuroendocrine cells. Tubes develop barrier properties as confirmed by transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER). Lastly, we show that tubules respond to pro-inflammatory cytokine triggers. The whole procedure for differentiation lasts 14 days, making it an efficient process to make patient-specific organoid tubules. We anticipate the usage of the platform for disease modelling and drug candidate screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Naumovska
- Mimetas BV, Model Development, J.H. Oortweg 16, 2333 CH Leiden, The Netherlands; (E.N.); (G.A.); (K.K.); (A.N.); (P.V.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK; (C.W.V.); (S.B.)
| | - Germaine Aalderink
- Mimetas BV, Model Development, J.H. Oortweg 16, 2333 CH Leiden, The Netherlands; (E.N.); (G.A.); (K.K.); (A.N.); (P.V.)
| | - Christian Wong Valencia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK; (C.W.V.); (S.B.)
| | - Kinga Kosim
- Mimetas BV, Model Development, J.H. Oortweg 16, 2333 CH Leiden, The Netherlands; (E.N.); (G.A.); (K.K.); (A.N.); (P.V.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK; (C.W.V.); (S.B.)
| | - Arnaud Nicolas
- Mimetas BV, Model Development, J.H. Oortweg 16, 2333 CH Leiden, The Netherlands; (E.N.); (G.A.); (K.K.); (A.N.); (P.V.)
| | - Stephen Brown
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK; (C.W.V.); (S.B.)
| | - Paul Vulto
- Mimetas BV, Model Development, J.H. Oortweg 16, 2333 CH Leiden, The Netherlands; (E.N.); (G.A.); (K.K.); (A.N.); (P.V.)
| | - Kai S. Erdmann
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK; (C.W.V.); (S.B.)
- Correspondence: (K.S.E.); (D.K.)
| | - Dorota Kurek
- Mimetas BV, Model Development, J.H. Oortweg 16, 2333 CH Leiden, The Netherlands; (E.N.); (G.A.); (K.K.); (A.N.); (P.V.)
- Correspondence: (K.S.E.); (D.K.)
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32
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El-Nachef D, Shi K, Beussman KM, Martinez R, Regier MC, Everett GW, Murry CE, Stevens KR, Young JE, Sniadecki NJ, Davis J. A Rainbow Reporter Tracks Single Cells and Reveals Heterogeneous Cellular Dynamics among Pluripotent Stem Cells and Their Differentiated Derivatives. Stem Cell Reports 2020; 15:226-241. [PMID: 32619493 PMCID: PMC7363961 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2020.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Single-cell transcriptomic approaches have found molecular heterogeneities within populations of pluripotent stem cells (PSCs). A tool that tracks single-cell lineages and their phenotypes longitudinally would reveal whether heterogeneity extends beyond molecular identity. Hence, we generated a stable Cre-inducible rainbow reporter human PSC line that provides up to 18 unique membrane-targeted fluorescent barcodes. These barcodes enable repeated assessments of single cells as they clonally expand, change morphology, and migrate. Owing to the cellular resolution of this reporter, we identified subsets of PSCs with enhanced clonal expansion, synchronized cell divisions, and persistent localization to colony edges. Reporter expression was stably maintained throughout directed differentiation into cardiac myocytes, cortical neurons, and hepatoblasts. Repeated examination of neural differentiation revealed self-assembled cortical tissues derive from clonally dominant progenitors. Collectively, these findings demonstrate the broad utility and easy implementation of this reporter line for tracking single-cell behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danny El-Nachef
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; The Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Center for Cardiovascular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Kevin Shi
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Kevin M Beussman
- The Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Center for Cardiovascular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Refugio Martinez
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; The Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Mary C Regier
- The Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA; Center for Cardiovascular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Guy W Everett
- The Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA; Center for Cardiovascular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Charles E Murry
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; The Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA; Department of Medicine, Cardiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Center for Cardiovascular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Kelly R Stevens
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; The Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA; Center for Cardiovascular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Jessica E Young
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; The Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Nathan J Sniadecki
- The Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Center for Cardiovascular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Jennifer Davis
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; The Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA; Center for Cardiovascular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
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Javali A, Lakshmanan V, Palakodeti D, Sambasivan R. Modulation of β-catenin levels regulates cranial neural crest patterning and dispersal into first pharyngeal arch. Dev Dyn 2020; 249:1347-1364. [PMID: 32427396 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vertebrate cranial neural crest cells (CNCCs) are multipotent, proximal to the source CNCC form the cranial ganglia. Distally, in the pharyngeal arches, they give rise to the craniofacial skeleton and connective tissues. Fate choices are made as CNCC pattern into distinct destination compartments. In spite of this importance, the mechanism patterning CNCC is poorly defined. RESULTS Here, we report that a novel β-catenin-dependent regulation of N-Cadherin levels may drive CNCC patterning. In mouse embryos, at the first pharyngeal arch axial level, membrane β-catenin levels correlate with the extent of N-cadherin-mediated adhesion and thus suggest the presence of collective and dispersed states of CNCC. Using in vitro human neural crest model and chemical modulators of β-catenin levels, we show a requirement for down-modulating β-catenin for regulating N-cadherin levels and cell-cell adhesion. Similarly, in β-catenin gain-of-function mutant mouse embryos, CNCC fail to lower N-cadherin levels. This indicates a failure to reduce cell-cell adhesion, which may underlie the failure of mutant CNCC to populate first pharyngeal arch. CONCLUSION We suggest that β-catenin-mediated regulation of CNCC adhesion, a previously underappreciated mechanism, underlies the patterning of CNCC into fate-specific compartments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alok Javali
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, Bangalore, India.,Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, India
| | - Vairavan Lakshmanan
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, India.,SASTRA University, Thanjavur, India
| | | | - Ramkumar Sambasivan
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, India.,Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati, India
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34
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Yeo GHT, Lin L, Qi CY, Cha M, Gifford DK, Sherwood RI. A Multiplexed Barcodelet Single-Cell RNA-Seq Approach Elucidates Combinatorial Signaling Pathways that Drive ESC Differentiation. Cell Stem Cell 2020; 26:938-950.e6. [PMID: 32459995 PMCID: PMC7398619 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2020.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Empirical optimization of stem cell differentiation protocols is time consuming, is laborintensive, and typically does not comprehensively interrogate all relevant signaling pathways. Here we describe barcodelet single-cell RNA sequencing (barRNA-seq), which enables systematic exploration of cellular perturbations by tagging individual cells with RNA "barcodelets" to identify them on the basis of the treatments they receive. We apply barRNA-seq to simultaneously manipulate up to seven developmental pathways and study effects on embryonic stem cell (ESC) germ layer specification and mesodermal specification, uncovering combinatorial effects of signaling pathway activation on gene expression. We further develop a data-driven framework for identifying combinatorial signaling perturbations that drive cells toward specific fates, including several annotated in an existing scRNA-seq gastrulation atlas, and use this approach to guide ESC differentiation into a notochord-like population. We expect that barRNA-seq will have broad utility for investigating and understanding how cooperative signaling pathways drive cell fate acquisition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Hui Ting Yeo
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Computational and Systems Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Lin Lin
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Hubrecht Institute, 3584 CT Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Celine Yueyue Qi
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Minsun Cha
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - David K Gifford
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
| | - Richard I Sherwood
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Hubrecht Institute, 3584 CT Utrecht, the Netherlands.
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Rajabi H, Hosseini V, Rahimzadeh S, Seyfizadeh N, Aslani S, Abhari A. Current Status of Used Protocols for Mesenchymal Stem Cell Differentiation: A Focus on Insulin Producing, Osteoblast-Like and Neural Cells. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 14:570-578. [PMID: 30887929 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x14666190318111614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have attracted a great deal of interest in the field of regenerative medicine because of their ability to differentiate into mesodermal derivatives and even other germ layers. The main requirement for better differentiation of MSCs into desired cell lineage is relied on pure population of these cells. During the past years, significant progresses have been developed for the identification of MSCs by introducing new markers or different combination of markers. Currently, direct in vitro differentiation protocols using standard media supplemented with specific growth factors generating osteoblast, insulin producing and neuron cells from MSCs show some key characteristic in in vivo counterparts. However, these efforts should be continued to achieve high amount of fully differentiated cells which have high capacity to be used in cell based therapies and drug screening. This review focuses on common culture based differentiation strategies used for osteoblast, insulin producing cells and neural cells generation from MSCs highlighting important findings and trends in this exciting area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Rajabi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Vahid Hosseini
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sevda Rahimzadeh
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nayer Seyfizadeh
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Somayeh Aslani
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alireza Abhari
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Hurley K, Ding J, Villacorta-Martin C, Herriges MJ, Jacob A, Vedaie M, Alysandratos KD, Sun YL, Lin C, Werder RB, Huang J, Wilson AA, Mithal A, Mostoslavsky G, Oglesby I, Caballero IS, Guttentag SH, Ahangari F, Kaminski N, Rodriguez-Fraticelli A, Camargo F, Bar-Joseph Z, Kotton DN. Reconstructed Single-Cell Fate Trajectories Define Lineage Plasticity Windows during Differentiation of Human PSC-Derived Distal Lung Progenitors. Cell Stem Cell 2020; 26:593-608.e8. [PMID: 32004478 PMCID: PMC7469703 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2019.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Alveolar epithelial type 2 cells (AEC2s) are the facultative progenitors responsible for maintaining lung alveoli throughout life but are difficult to isolate from patients. Here, we engineer AEC2s from human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) in vitro and use time-series single-cell RNA sequencing with lentiviral barcoding to profile the kinetics of their differentiation in comparison to primary fetal and adult AEC2 benchmarks. We observe bifurcating cell-fate trajectories as primordial lung progenitors differentiate in vitro, with some progeny reaching their AEC2 fate target, while others diverge to alternative non-lung endodermal fates. We develop a Continuous State Hidden Markov model to identify the timing and type of signals, such as overexuberant Wnt responses, that induce some early multipotent NKX2-1+ progenitors to lose lung fate. Finally, we find that this initial developmental plasticity is regulatable and subsides over time, ultimately resulting in PSC-derived AEC2s that exhibit a stable phenotype and nearly limitless self-renewal capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Killian Hurley
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA; Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Education and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Tissue Engineering Research Group, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jun Ding
- Computational Biology Department, School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Carlos Villacorta-Martin
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Michael J Herriges
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Anjali Jacob
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Marall Vedaie
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Konstantinos D Alysandratos
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Yuliang L Sun
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Chieh Lin
- Machine Learning Department, School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15217, USA
| | - Rhiannon B Werder
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Jessie Huang
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Andrew A Wilson
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Aditya Mithal
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Gustavo Mostoslavsky
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Irene Oglesby
- Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Education and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Tissue Engineering Research Group, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ignacio S Caballero
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Susan H Guttentag
- Department of Pediatrics, Monroe Carell Jr. Children's Hospital, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Farida Ahangari
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 16520, USA
| | - Naftali Kaminski
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 16520, USA
| | | | - Fernando Camargo
- Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ziv Bar-Joseph
- Computational Biology Department, School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Machine Learning Department, School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15217, USA.
| | - Darrell N Kotton
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
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Colombier P, Halgand B, Chédeville C, Chariau C, François-Campion V, Kilens S, Vedrenne N, Clouet J, David L, Guicheux J, Camus A. NOTO Transcription Factor Directs Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Mesendoderm Progenitors to a Notochordal Fate. Cells 2020; 9:E509. [PMID: 32102328 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The founder cells of the Nucleus pulposus, the centre of the intervertebral disc, originate in the embryonic notochord. After birth, mature notochordal cells (NC) are identified as key regulators of disc homeostasis. Better understanding of their biology has great potential in delaying the onset of disc degeneration or as a regenerative-cell source for disc repair. Using human pluripotent stem cells, we developed a two-step method to generate a stable NC-like population with a distinct molecular signature. Time-course analysis of lineage-specific markers shows that WNT pathway activation and transfection of the notochord-related transcription factor NOTO are sufficient to induce high levels of mesendoderm progenitors and favour their commitment toward the notochordal lineage instead of paraxial and lateral mesodermal or endodermal lineages. This study results in the identification of NOTO-regulated genes including some that are found expressed in human healthy disc tissue and highlights NOTO function in coordinating the gene network to human notochord differentiation.
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38
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Wesolowska-Andersen A, Jensen RR, Alcántara MP, Beer NL, Duff C, Nylander V, Gosden M, Witty L, Bowden R, McCarthy MI, Hansson M, Gloyn AL, Honore C. Analysis of Differentiation Protocols Defines a Common Pancreatic Progenitor Molecular Signature and Guides Refinement of Endocrine Differentiation. Stem Cell Reports 2019; 14:138-153. [PMID: 31883919 PMCID: PMC6962645 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2019.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Several distinct differentiation protocols for deriving pancreatic progenitors (PPs) from human pluripotent stem cells have been described, but it remains to be shown how similar the PPs are across protocols and how well they resemble their in vivo counterparts. Here, we evaluated three differentiation protocols, performed RNA and assay for transposase-accessible chromatin using sequencing on isolated PPs derived with these, and compared them with fetal human pancreas populations. This enabled us to define a shared transcriptional and epigenomic signature of the PPs, including several genes not previously implicated in pancreas development. Furthermore, we identified a significant and previously unappreciated cross-protocol variation of the PPs through multi-omics analysis and demonstrate how such information can be applied to refine differentiation protocols for derivation of insulin-producing beta-like cells. Together, our study highlights the importance of a detailed characterization of defined cell populations derived from distinct differentiation protocols and provides a valuable resource for exploring human pancreatic development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Nicola L. Beer
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, OX3 7LE Oxford, UK
| | - Claire Duff
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, OX3 7LE Oxford, UK
| | - Vibe Nylander
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, OX3 7LE Oxford, UK
| | - Matthew Gosden
- The MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS Oxford, UK
| | - Lorna Witty
- Wellcome Centre Human Genetics, University of Oxford, OX3 7BN Oxford, UK
| | - Rory Bowden
- Wellcome Centre Human Genetics, University of Oxford, OX3 7BN Oxford, UK
| | - Mark I. McCarthy
- Wellcome Centre Human Genetics, University of Oxford, OX3 7BN Oxford, UK,Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, OX3 7LE Oxford, UK,NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, OX3 7LE Oxford, UK
| | | | - Anna L. Gloyn
- Wellcome Centre Human Genetics, University of Oxford, OX3 7BN Oxford, UK,Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, OX3 7LE Oxford, UK,NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, OX3 7LE Oxford, UK
| | - Christian Honore
- Stem Cell R&D, Novo Nordisk A/S, 2760 Måløv, Denmark,Corresponding author
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39
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Kwong G, Marquez HA, Yang C, Wong JY, Kotton DN. Generation of a Purified iPSC-Derived Smooth Muscle-like Population for Cell Sheet Engineering. Stem Cell Reports 2019; 13:499-514. [PMID: 31422908 PMCID: PMC6739689 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2019.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) provide a potential source for the derivation of smooth muscle cells (SMCs); however, current approaches are limited by the production of heterogeneous cell types and a paucity of tools or markers for tracking and purifying candidate SMCs. Here, we develop murine and human iPSC lines carrying fluorochrome reporters (Acta2hrGFP and ACTA2eGFP, respectively) that identify Acta2+/ACTA2+ cells as they emerge in vitro in real time during iPSC-directed differentiation. We find that Acta2hrGFP+ and ACTA2eGFP+ cells can be sorted to purity and are enriched in markers characteristic of an immature or synthetic SMC. We characterize the resulting GFP+ populations through global transcriptomic profiling and functional studies, including the capacity to form engineered cell sheets. We conclude that these reporter lines allow for generation of sortable, live iPSC-derived Acta2+/ACTA2+ cells highly enriched in smooth muscle lineages for basic developmental studies, tissue engineering, or future clinical regenerative applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Kwong
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, 670 Albany Street, 2(nd) Floor, Boston, MA 02118, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, 44 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Hector A Marquez
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, 670 Albany Street, 2(nd) Floor, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 East Concord Street, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Chian Yang
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, 670 Albany Street, 2(nd) Floor, Boston, MA 02118, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, 44 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Joyce Y Wong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, 44 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
| | - Darrell N Kotton
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, 670 Albany Street, 2(nd) Floor, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 East Concord Street, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
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40
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Tan Y, Cahan P. SingleCellNet: A Computational Tool to Classify Single Cell RNA-Seq Data Across Platforms and Across Species. Cell Syst 2019; 9:207-213.e2. [PMID: 31377170 DOI: 10.1016/j.cels.2019.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Single-cell RNA-seq has emerged as a powerful tool in diverse applications, from determining the cell-type composition of tissues to uncovering regulators of developmental programs. A near-universal step in the analysis of single-cell RNA-seq data is to hypothesize the identity of each cell. Often, this is achieved by searching for combinations of genes that have previously been implicated as being cell-type specific, an approach that is not quantitative and does not explicitly take advantage of other single-cell RNA-seq studies. Here, we describe our tool, SingleCellNet, which addresses these issues and enables the classification of query single-cell RNA-seq data in comparison to reference single-cell RNA-seq data. SingleCellNet compares favorably to other methods in sensitivity and specificity, and it is able to classify across platforms and species. We highlight SingleCellNet's utility by classifying previously undetermined cells, and by assessing the outcome of a cell fate engineering experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Tan
- Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Patrick Cahan
- Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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41
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Yoshimura Y, Nishinakamura R. Podocyte development, disease, and stem cell research. Kidney Int 2019; 96:1077-1082. [PMID: 31420196 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2019.04.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The glomerular podocyte is one of the major targets of kidney research. Recent establishment of kidney organoids from pluripotent stem cells has enabled the detailed analysis of human podocytes in both development and disease. The podocytes in organoids express slit diaphragm-related genes and proteins and exhibit characteristic morphology, especially upon experimental transplantation. Organoid technology is now used to reproduce hereditary podocyte diseases, and selective podocyte induction methods have also been reported. Moreover, single-cell RNA-sequencing of human fetal and adult kidneys has revealed the detailed molecular features of this cell lineage, as well as serving as references for kidney organoids in which podocytes are still immature. Here, we discuss the recent progress and limitations of podocyte research from the viewpoint of developmental biology and kidney organoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Yoshimura
- Department of Kidney Development, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan; Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Nishinakamura
- Department of Kidney Development, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
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Gupta AK, Coburn JM, Davis-Knowlton J, Kimmerling E, Kaplan DL, Oxburgh L. Scaffolding kidney organoids on silk. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2019; 13:812-822. [PMID: 30793851 DOI: 10.1002/term.2830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
End stage kidney disease affects hundreds of thousands of patients in the United States. The therapy of choice is kidney replacement, but availability of organs is limited, and alternative sources of tissue are needed. Generation of new kidney tissue in the laboratory has been made possible through pluripotent cell reprogramming and directed differentiation. In current procedures, aggregates of cells known as organoids are grown either submerged or at the air-liquid interface. These studies have demonstrated that kidney tissue can be generated from pluripotent stem cells, but they also identify limitations. The first is that perfusion of cell aggregates is limited, restricting the size to which they can be grown. The second is that aggregates lack the structural integrity required for convenient engraftment and suturing or adhesion to regions of kidney injury. In this study, we evaluated the capacity of silk to serve as a support for the growth and differentiation of kidney tissue from primary cells and from human induced pluripotent stem cells. We find that cells can differentiate to epithelia characteristic of the developing kidney on this material and that these structures are maintained following engraftment under the capsule of the adult kidney. Blood vessel investment can be promoted by the addition of vascular endothelial growth factor to the scaffold, but the proliferation of stromal cells within the graft presents a challenge, which will require some readjustment of cell growth and differentiation conditions. In summary, we find that silk can be used to support growth of stem cell derived kidney tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwani Kumar Gupta
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, Maine
| | | | - Jessica Davis-Knowlton
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, Maine.,Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Erica Kimmerling
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University School of Engineering, Medford, Massachusetts
| | - David L Kaplan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University School of Engineering, Medford, Massachusetts
| | - Leif Oxburgh
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, Maine
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43
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Yoshimura Y, Taguchi A, Tanigawa S, Yatsuda J, Kamba T, Takahashi S, Kurihara H, Mukoyama M, Nishinakamura R. Manipulation of Nephron-Patterning Signals Enables Selective Induction of Podocytes from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells. J Am Soc Nephrol 2019; 30:304-321. [PMID: 30635375 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2018070747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous research has elucidated the signals required to induce nephron progenitor cells (NPCs) from pluripotent stem cells (PSCs), enabling the generation of kidney organoids. However, selectively controlling differentiation of NPCs to podocytes has been a challenge. METHODS We investigated the effects of various growth factors in cultured mouse embryonic NPCs during three distinct steps of nephron patterning: from NPC to pretubular aggregate, from the latter to epithelial renal vesicle (RV), and from RV to podocyte. We then applied the findings to human PSC-derived NPCs to establish a method for selective induction of human podocytes. RESULTS Mouse NPC differentiation experiments revealed that phase-specific manipulation of Wnt and Tgf-β signaling is critical for podocyte differentiation. First, optimal timing and intensity of Wnt signaling were essential for mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition and podocyte differentiation. Then, inhibition of Tgf-β signaling supported domination of the RV proximal domain. Inhibition of Tgf-β signaling in the third phase enriched the podocyte fraction by suppressing development of other nephron lineages. The resultant protocol enabled successful induction of human podocytes from PSCs with >90% purity. The induced podocytes exhibited global gene expression signatures comparable to those of adult human podocytes, had podocyte morphologic features (including foot process-like and slit diaphragm-like structures), and showed functional responsiveness to drug-induced injury. CONCLUSIONS Elucidation of signals that induce podocytes during the nephron-patterning process enabled us to establish a highly efficient method for selective induction of human podocytes from PSCs. These PSC-derived podocytes show molecular, morphologic, and functional characteristics of podocytes, and offer a new resource for disease modeling and nephrotoxicity testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Yoshimura
- Department of Kidney Development, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, and.,Departments of Nephrology and
| | - Atsuhiro Taguchi
- Department of Kidney Development, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, and .,Department of Genome Regulation, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Shunsuke Tanigawa
- Department of Kidney Development, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, and
| | - Junji Yatsuda
- Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Tomomi Kamba
- Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Satoru Takahashi
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; and
| | - Hidetake Kurihara
- Department of Anatomy and Life Structure, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Ryuichi Nishinakamura
- Department of Kidney Development, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, and
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44
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Abstract
Cell-permeable compounds provide a convenient and efficient approach to manipulate biological processes. A number of compounds controlling stem cell self-renewal, survival, differentiation, and reprogramming have been identified through high-throughput/content screens. Using these powerful chemical tools, strategies have been developed to direct human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC) differentiation to functional cells. Recently, hPSC-derived cells and organoids are used to model human diseases, which can be adapted to a high-throughput/content platform for chemical screens. The identified compounds provide novel tools for decoding the signaling pathways regulating disease progression and candidates for facilitating future drug discovery. Moreover, humanized mouse models carrying hPSC-derived cells enable an innovative system to evaluate the long-term in vivo efficacy of drug candidates on human cells. In summary, screening-based chemical approaches not only expedite strategy development of controlling stem cell fates, but also provide powerful tools for dissecting the molecular mechanisms regulating disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuibing Chen
- Department of Surgery and Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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45
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Zhang B, Luo Q, Halim A, Ju Y, Morita Y, Song G. Directed Differentiation and Paracrine Mechanisms of Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Potential Implications for Tendon Repair and Regeneration. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 12:447-454. [PMID: 28464787 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x12666170502102423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2016] [Revised: 01/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tendon is composed of connective tissue, is able to retract with high tensile force, and plays a significant role in musculoskeletal motion. However, inappropriate physical training or accidents often result in tendon injuries. So far, the functional healing of injured tendon is still a great challenge in orthopedics. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multilineage cells with the ability to self-renew and differentiate into a variety of cell types, including tenocytes. The plasticity of MSCs gives rise to the chance of improved healing of injured tendons and even tissue-engineered tendons. Recently, more and more works have shown that the paracrine mechanisms of MSCs also play a critical role in driving the tendon repair process. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this review is to summarize the current knowledge of the induction of tenogenic differentiation of MSCs by mechanical, chemical and mechanochemical stimulations. The role of paracrine mechanisms of MSCs during the repair of injured tendons is also discussed. CONCLUSION The multilineage potential and the paracrine effects of MSCs create the chance for improved healing of injured tendons and even tissue-engineered tendons. The understanding of the regulation of the two different repair mechanisms (directed differentiation and paracrine) of MSCs has important implications for tendon repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Qing Luo
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Alexander Halim
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Yang Ju
- Department of Mechanical Science & Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Morita
- Department of Mechanical Science & Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Guanbin Song
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
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46
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Tchieu J, Zimmer B, Fattahi F, Amin S, Zeltner N, Chen S, Studer L. A Modular Platform for Differentiation of Human PSCs into All Major Ectodermal Lineages. Cell Stem Cell 2018; 21:399-410.e7. [PMID: 28886367 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2017.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Revised: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Directing the fate of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) into different lineages requires variable starting conditions and components with undefined activities, introducing inconsistencies that confound reproducibility and assessment of specific perturbations. Here we introduce a simple, modular protocol for deriving the four main ectodermal lineages from hPSCs. By precisely varying FGF, BMP, WNT, and TGFβ pathway activity in a minimal, chemically defined medium, we show parallel, robust, and reproducible derivation of neuroectoderm, neural crest (NC), cranial placode (CP), and non-neural ectoderm in multiple hPSC lines, on different substrates independently of cell density. We highlight the utility of this system by interrogating the role of TFAP2 transcription factors in ectodermal differentiation, revealing the importance of TFAP2A in NC and CP specification, and performing a small-molecule screen that identified compounds that further enhance CP differentiation. This platform provides a simple stage for systematic derivation of the entire range of ectodermal cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Tchieu
- The Center for Stem Cell Biology, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY 10065, USA; Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Bastian Zimmer
- The Center for Stem Cell Biology, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY 10065, USA; Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Faranak Fattahi
- The Center for Stem Cell Biology, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY 10065, USA; Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY 10065, USA; Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Sadaf Amin
- Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA; Department of Surgery, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Nadja Zeltner
- The Center for Stem Cell Biology, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY 10065, USA; Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Shuibing Chen
- Department of Surgery, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Lorenz Studer
- The Center for Stem Cell Biology, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY 10065, USA; Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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47
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McCauley KB, Alysandratos KD, Jacob A, Hawkins F, Caballero IS, Vedaie M, Yang W, Slovik KJ, Morley M, Carraro G, Kook S, Guttentag SH, Stripp BR, Morrisey EE, Kotton DN. Single-Cell Transcriptomic Profiling of Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived SCGB3A2+ Airway Epithelium. Stem Cell Reports 2018; 10:1579-1595. [PMID: 29657097 PMCID: PMC5995784 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2018.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung epithelial lineages have been difficult to maintain in pure form in vitro, and lineage-specific reporters have proven invaluable for monitoring their emergence from cultured pluripotent stem cells (PSCs). However, reporter constructs for tracking proximal airway lineages generated from PSCs have not been previously available, limiting the characterization of these cells. Here, we engineer mouse and human PSC lines carrying airway secretory lineage reporters that facilitate the tracking, purification, and profiling of this lung subtype. Through bulk and single-cell-based global transcriptomic profiling, we find PSC-derived airway secretory cells are susceptible to phenotypic plasticity exemplified by the tendency to co-express both a proximal airway secretory program as well as an alveolar type 2 cell program, which can be minimized by inhibiting endogenous Wnt signaling. Our results provide global profiles of engineered lung cell fates, a guide for improving their directed differentiation, and a human model of the developing airway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine B McCauley
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Konstantinos-Dionysios Alysandratos
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Anjali Jacob
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Finn Hawkins
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Ignacio S Caballero
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Marall Vedaie
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Wenli Yang
- Penn Center for Pulmonary Biology and Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Katherine J Slovik
- Penn Center for Pulmonary Biology and Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Michael Morley
- Penn Center for Pulmonary Biology and Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Gianni Carraro
- Department of Medicine, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Seunghyi Kook
- Department of Pediatrics, Monroe Carell Jr. Children's Hospital, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Susan H Guttentag
- Department of Pediatrics, Monroe Carell Jr. Children's Hospital, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Barry R Stripp
- Department of Medicine, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Edward E Morrisey
- Penn Center for Pulmonary Biology and Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Darrell N Kotton
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
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48
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Abstract
New protocols to efficiently generate functional airway epithelial organoids from human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) would represent a major advance towards effective disease modeling, drug screening and cell based therapies for lung disorders. This unit describes an approach using stage-specific signaling pathway manipulation to differentiate cells to proximal airway epithelium via key developmental intermediates. Cells are directed via definitive endoderm (DE) to anterior foregut, and then specified to NKX2-1+ lung epithelial progenitors. These lung progenitors are purified using cell surface marker sorting and replated in defined culture conditions to form three-dimensional, epithelial-only airway organoids. This directed differentiation approach using serum-free, defined media also includes protocols for evaluation of DE induction, intracellular FACS analysis of NKX2-1 specification efficiency and enrichment, and approaches for characterization and expansion of airway organoids. Taken together, this represents an efficient and reproducible approach to generate expandable airway organoids from human PSCs for use in numerous downstream applications. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine B McCauley
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, 02118, USA.,Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Finn Hawkins
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, 02118, USA.,Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Darrell N Kotton
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, 02118, USA.,Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
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49
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van den Berg CW, Ritsma L, Avramut MC, Wiersma LE, van den Berg BM, Leuning DG, Lievers E, Koning M, Vanslambrouck JM, Koster AJ, Howden SE, Takasato M, Little MH, Rabelink TJ. Renal Subcapsular Transplantation of PSC-Derived Kidney Organoids Induces Neo-vasculogenesis and Significant Glomerular and Tubular Maturation In Vivo. Stem Cell Reports 2018; 10:751-65. [PMID: 29503086 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2018.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 252] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-derived kidney organoids may facilitate disease modeling and the generation of tissue for renal replacement. Long-term application, however, will require transferability between hPSC lines and significant improvements in organ maturation. A key question is whether time or a patent vasculature is required for ongoing morphogenesis. Here, we show that hPSC-derived kidney organoids, derived in fully defined medium conditions and in the absence of any exogenous vascular endothelial growth factor, develop host-derived vascularization. In vivo imaging of organoids under the kidney capsule confirms functional glomerular perfusion as well as connection to pre-existing vascular networks in the organoids. Wide-field electron microscopy demonstrates that transplantation results in formation of a glomerular basement membrane, fenestrated endothelial cells, and podocyte foot processes. Furthermore, compared with non-transplanted organoids, polarization and segmental specialization of tubular epithelium are observed. These data demonstrate that functional vascularization is required for progressive morphogenesis of human kidney organoids.
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50
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Guo M, Zhang T, Dong X, Xiang JZ, Lei M, Evans T, Graumann J, Chen S. Using hESCs to Probe the Interaction of the Diabetes-Associated Genes CDKAL1 and MT1E. Cell Rep 2018; 19:1512-1521. [PMID: 28538172 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.04.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified many disease-associated variant alleles, but understanding whether and how different genes/loci interact requires a platform for probing how the variant alleles act mechanistically. Isogenic mutant human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) provide an unlimited resource to derive and study human disease-relevant cells. Here, we focused on CDKAL1, linked by GWASs to diabetes. Through transcript profiling, we find that expression of the metallothionein (MT) gene family, also linked by GWASs to diabetes, is significantly downregulated in CDKAL1-/- cells that have been differentiated to insulin-expressing pancreatic beta-like cells. Forced MT1E expression rescues both hypersensitivity of CDKAL1 mutant cells to glycolipotoxicity and pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction in vitro and in vivo. MT1E functions at least in part through relief of ER stress. This study establishes an isogenic hESC-based platform to study the interaction of GWAS-identified diabetes gene variants and illuminate the molecular network impacting disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Guo
- Department of Endocrinology in Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Tuo Zhang
- Genomic Core, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Xue Dong
- Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jenny Zhaoying Xiang
- Genomic Core, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Minxiang Lei
- Department of Endocrinology in Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Todd Evans
- Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Johannes Graumann
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA; Research Division, Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar, Doha, State of Qatar
| | - Shuibing Chen
- Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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