1
|
Çolak Samsum E, Sürer H, Bolat S, Şeneş M, Yücel D. Comparison of lipemia interference created with native lipemic material and intravenous lipid emulsion in emergency laboratory tests. Biochem Med (Zagreb) 2024; 34:020701. [PMID: 38665874 PMCID: PMC11042557 DOI: 10.11613/bm.2024.020701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study aimed to investigate the effects of lipemia on clinical chemistry and coagulation parameters in native ultralipemic (NULM) and intravenous lipid emulsion (IVLE) spiked samples. Materials and methods The evaluation of biochemistry (photometric, ion-selective electrode, immunoturbidimetric method), cardiac (electrochemiluminescence immunoassay method) and coagulation (the viscosity-based mechanical method for prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), fibrinogen and the immunoturbidimetric method for D-dimer) parameters were conducted. In addition to the main pools, five pools were prepared for both types of lipemia, each with triglyceride (TG) concentrations of approximately 2.8, 5.7, 11.3, 17.0 and 22.6 mmol/L. All parameters' mean differences (MD%) were presented as interferographs and compared with the desirable specification for the inaccuracy (bias%). Data were also evaluated by repeated measures of ANOVA. Results Prothrombin time and APTT showed no clinically relevant interference in IVLE-added pools but were negatively affected in NULM pools(P < 0.001 in both parameters). For biochemistry, the most striking difference was seen for CRP; it is up to 134 MD% value with NULM (P < 0.001) at the highest TG concentration, whereas it was up to - 2.49 MD% value with IVLE (P = 0.009). Albumin was affected negatively upward of 5.7 mmol/L TG with IVLE, while there was no effect for NULM. Creatinine displayed significant positive interferences with NULM starting at the lowest TG concentration (P = 0.028). There was no clinically relevant interference in cardiac markers for both lipemia types. Conclusions Significant differences were scrutinized in interference patterns of lipemia types, emphasizing the need for careful consideration of lipemia interferences in clinical laboratories. It is crucial to note that lipid emulsions inadequately replicate lipemic samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emel Çolak Samsum
- Medical Biochemistry, Ministry of Health Pursaklar State Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hatice Sürer
- Medical Biochemistry, University of Health Sciences Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Serkan Bolat
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Şeneş
- Medical Biochemistry, University of Health Sciences Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Doğan Yücel
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Lokman Hekim University, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Block DR, Lasho MA, Donato LJ, Meeusen JW. Establishing hemolysis, icterus, and lipemia interference limits for body fluid chemistry analytes measured on the Roche cobas instrument. Am J Clin Pathol 2024:aqae040. [PMID: 38709595 DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqae040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aims of this study were to (1) establish the maximum allowable interference limits for hemolysis, lipemia, and icterus for chemistry analytes tested in body fluid samples and (2) assess the effectiveness of serial dilution to mitigate spectral interferences. METHODS Residual body fluids from clinically ordered testing were mixed (<10% by volume) with stock solutions of interferent (spiked) and compared with a control spiked with an equal volume of 0.9% saline. The analytes were measured on the Roche cobas c501 instrument. Difference and percentage difference were calculated and compared with allowable total error limits. A subset of samples were serially diluted with 0.9% saline. Mean (SD) difference and percentage difference were calculated. RESULTS The interference thresholds were lower than the package insert for lactate dehydrogenase, cholesterol, triglycerides, and total protein for hemolysis; amylase, cholesterol, and total protein for icterus; and albumin for lipemia. Only cholesterol and triglyceride results returned to baseline upon dilution of icteric samples. CONCLUSIONS Interference thresholds in body fluids were lower than blood for 6 analytes. Diluting interferences that surpass these limits does not produce reliable results that are comparable to the baseline results before spiking in the interferent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Darci R Block
- 1 Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, US
| | - Michael A Lasho
- 1 Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, US
| | - Leslie J Donato
- 1 Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, US
| | - Jeffrey W Meeusen
- 1 Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, US
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu W, Li L, Yin M, Cao C, Song Y, Long X. High-speed centrifugation rather than Lipoclear reagent can be used for removing the interference of lipemia on serological tests of infectious diseases: AIDS, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and syphilis by chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay. J Med Virol 2024; 96:e29385. [PMID: 38318918 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the interference of lipemia on measurement of HBsAg, anti-HBs, HBeAg, anti-HBe, anti-HBc, anti-HCV, HIV Ag/Ab, and anti-TP in serum by chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CMIA) and compare lipemia removing performance between high-speed centrifugation and Lipoclear reagent. Mixed native serum samples (NSs) and hyperlipemia serum samples (HLS) were prepared for the investigated parameters. The levels of these parameters in NS and HLS were determined by CMIA on an Abbott ARCHITECT i2000SR immunoassay analyzer. HBsAg, anti-HBs, and anti-TP were affected with relative bias >12.5% (acceptable limit) when the level of triacylglycerol (TG) was higher than 27.12 mmol/L in HLS. Clinically unacceptable bias were observed for HBeAg and anti-HBe in HLS with TG higher than 40.52 mmol/L. However, anti-HCV and HIV Ag/Ab were not interfered in severe lipemia with TG < 52.03 mmol/L. In addition, the Lipoclear reagent did not reduce the interference of lipemia with relative bias from -62.50% to -18.02%. The high-speed centrifugation under the optimized condition of 12 000g for 10 min successfully removed the interference of lipemia with relative bias from -5.93% to 0% for HBsAg, anti-HBs, HBeAg, anti-HBe, anti-HBc, and anti-TP. To conclude, high-speed centrifugation can be used for removing the interference of lipemia to measure HBsAg, anti-HBs, HBeAg, anti-HBe, anti-HBc, and anti-TP. Accordingly, a standardized sample preanalytical preparation of the patients and other screening participants as well as a specimen examination procedure for removing lipemia interference on the serological tests was recommended.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weiping Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zigong First People's Hospital, Zigong, Sichuan, China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Minggang Yin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zigong First People's Hospital, Zigong, Sichuan, China
| | - Chengjian Cao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zigong First People's Hospital, Zigong, Sichuan, China
| | - Yaohui Song
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zigong First People's Hospital, Zigong, Sichuan, China
| | - Xia Long
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zigong First People's Hospital, Zigong, Sichuan, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bowen RAR, Daigh LH. Inadvertent omission of a specimen integrity comment - an overlooked post-analytical error. Clin Chem Lab Med 2024; 0:cclm-2023-1445. [PMID: 38205628 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2023-1445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
|
5
|
Evans JB, Chou L, Kaeberlein M, Promislow DE, Creevy KE. Case report: Severe asymptomatic hypertriglyceridemia associated with long-term low-dose rapamycin administration in a healthy middle-aged Labrador retriever. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1285498. [PMID: 38094495 PMCID: PMC10716302 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1285498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Rapamycin is an mTOR inhibitor that has been shown to extend the lifespan of laboratory model organisms. In humans, rapamycin is used at higher doses as an immunosuppressive medication to prevent organ rejection. Numerous adverse effects are seen with rapamycin treatment in humans, with one of the most common being dysregulation of lipid metabolism. In humans, this often manifests as mild to moderate serum lipid elevations, with a small subset developing extreme triglyceride elevations. This case report describes an eight-year-old, castrated male, clinically healthy Labrador retriever who developed severe hypertriglyceridemia associated with low-dose rapamycin administration over a six-month period. During this time, the dog was asymptomatic and displayed no other clinical abnormalities, aside from a progressive lipemia. Within 15 days of discontinuing rapamycin treatment, and with no targeted lipemic intervention, the dog's lipemia and hypertriglyceridemia completely resolved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy B. Evans
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Texas A&M School of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Lucy Chou
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Texas A&M School of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Matt Kaeberlein
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
- Optispan, Inc., Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Daniel E.L. Promislow
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Kate E. Creevy
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Texas A&M School of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, College Station, TX, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Fernández Prendes C, Castro Castro MJ, Sánchez Navarro L, Rapún Mas L, Morales Indiano C, Arrobas Velilla T. Handling of lipemic samples in the clinical laboratory. Adv Lab Med 2023; 4:5-27. [PMID: 37359904 PMCID: PMC10197190 DOI: 10.1515/almed-2023-0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Interferences in the clinical laboratory may lead physicians misinterpret results for some biological analytes. The most common analytical interferences in the clinical laboratory include hemolysis, icterus and lipemia. Lipemia is defined as turbidity in a sample caused by the accumulation of lipoproteins, mainly very-low density lipoproteins (VLDL) and chylomicrons. Several methods are available for the detection of lipemic samples, including the lipemic index, or triglyceride quantification in serum or plasma samples, or mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCHC) concentration in blood samples. According to the European Directive 98/79/CE, it is the responsibility of clinical laboratories to monitor the presence of interfering substances that may affect the measurement of an analyte. There is an urgent need to standardize interference studies and the way interferences are reported by manufacturers. Several methods are currently available to remove interference from lipemia and enable accurate measurement of biological quantities. The clinical laboratory should establish a protocol for the handling of lipemic samples according to the biological quantity to be tested.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carla Fernández Prendes
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Laboratori Clínic Metropolitana Nord, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Spain
- Workgroup of Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Diseases, Spanish Society of Laboratory Medicine, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María José Castro Castro
- Workgroup of Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Diseases, Spanish Society of Laboratory Medicine, Barcelona, Spain
- Biochemistry Core, Laboratori Clínic Territorial Metropolitana Sud, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Lourdes Sánchez Navarro
- Haematological Core, Laboratori Clínic Territorial Metropolitana Sud, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Loreto Rapún Mas
- Haematological Core, Laboratori Clínic Territorial Metropolitana Sud, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Cristian Morales Indiano
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Laboratori Clínic Metropolitana Nord, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Spain
- Workgroup of Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Diseases, Spanish Society of Laboratory Medicine, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa Arrobas Velilla
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Cardiovascular Risk, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Sevilla, Spain
- Workgroup of Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Diseases, Spanish Society of Laboratory Medicine, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Fernández-Prendes C, Castro-Castro MJ, Jiménez-Añón L, Morales-Indiano C, Martínez-Bujidos M. Discrepancies in Lipemia Interference Between Endogenous Lipemic Samples and Smoflipid ®-Supplemented Samples. EJIFCC 2023; 34:27-41. [PMID: 37124657 PMCID: PMC10131237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Background Manufacturers evaluate lipemia-induced interference using Intralipid®, but it does not contain all lipoprotein types. The aim of this study was to evaluate lipemiainduced interference in biochemical parameters from endogenous lipemic samples and SMOFlipid® supplemented samples, in order to assess if SMOFlipid® can be used in lipemic interference studies. Methods Serum pools were supplemented with SMOFlipid® to achieve 800 mg/dL and 1500 mg/dL triglyceride concentration, and analyzed for 25 biochemical parameters both before and after the supplementation. In another independent phase, lipemic serum pools were prepared choosing patient samples of 800 mg/dL and 1500 mg/dL triglyceride concentration. These lipemic serum pools were ultracentrifugated in order to remove lipids. Biochemical parameters were analyzed before and after ultracentrifugation. The bias between SMOFlipid®-supplemented samples and endogenous lipemic samples were compared. The bias between the lipemic and non-lipemic samples were compared with the reference change value. Results At 800 mg/dL triglyceride concentration, we found that total protein and transferrin had been affected only in endogenous lipemic serum samples. Magnesium and creatinine had been affected only in SMOFlipid®-supplemented samples. At 1500 mg/dL triglyceride concentration, we found that total protein, amylase, ferritin and glucose had lipemic interference only in endogenous lipemic samples, and chloride only in SMOFlipid®-supplemented samples. Conclusions The use of SMOFlipid®-supplemented samples does not provide suitable data to estimate lipemia-induced interference. Thus, interference studies should be performed using a wide variety of lipemic patient samples that represent the heterogeneity of the lipoprotein particles size.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carla Fernández-Prendes
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
- Commission on Lipoprotein and Vascular Diseases, Sociedad Española de Química Clínica
- Biomedicine Departament. Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Corresponding author: Carla Fernández-Prendes University Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol Commission on Lipoprotein and Vascular Diseases, Sociedad Española de Química Clínica Biomedicine Departament Universitat de Barcelona Spain E-mail:
| | - Maria-José Castro-Castro
- Commission on Lipoprotein and Vascular Diseases, Sociedad Española de Química Clínica
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain
- Biochemistry and Physiology Departament, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Jiménez-Añón
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | | | - María Martínez-Bujidos
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Karin A, Higgins V, Miller J, Brinc D, Kulasingam V, Selvaratnam R. Evaluation of hemolysis, lipemia, and icterus interference with common clinical immunoassays. Clin Chem Lab Med 2023; 61:1035-1045. [PMID: 36635939 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2022-0924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Hemolysis, icterus, and lipemia (HIL) are common sources of endogenous interference in clinical laboratory testing. Defining the threshold of interference for immunoassays enables appropriate reporting of their results when they are affected by HIL. METHODS Pools of residual patient serum samples were spiked with a known amount of interferent to create samples with varying concentrations of hemolysate, bilirubin, and Intralipid that mimicked the effects of endogenous HIL. Samples were analysed on the Alinity i analyser (Abbott Diagnostics) for more than 25 immunoassays. The average recovery relative to the non-spiked sample was calculated for each interference level and was compared to a predefined allowable bias. RESULTS C-peptide, estradiol, serum folate, free T4, homocysteine, insulin, and vitamin B12 were found to be affected by hemolysis, at hemoglobin concentrations between 0.3 to 20 g/L. Immunoassays for BNP, estradiol, free T3, and homocysteine were affected by icterus at conjugated bilirubin concentrations between 50 to 1,044 μmol/L. BNP, serum folate, and homocysteine were affected by Intralipid with measured triglyceride concentrations between 0.8 to 10 mmol/L. Lastly, serological immunoassays for HIV and hepatitis A, B and C were also affected by interferences. CONCLUSIONS Immunoassays are impacted by varying degrees of HIL interference. Some measurands, in the presence of interference, are affected in a manner not previously indicated. The data presented herein provide an independent evaluation of HIL thresholds and will be of aid to resource-limited clinical laboratories that are unable to internally verify endogenous interferences when implementing the Alinity i analyser.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amir Karin
- Division of Clinical Chemistry, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Victoria Higgins
- DynaLIFE Medical Labs, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | | | - Davor Brinc
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Laboratory Medicine Program, Division of Clinical Biochemistry, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Vathany Kulasingam
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Laboratory Medicine Program, Division of Clinical Biochemistry, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Rajeevan Selvaratnam
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Laboratory Medicine Program, Division of Clinical Biochemistry, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Şeneş M, Alpdemir M, Kırtıl G, Öğüş E, Çolak Samsum E, Alpdemir MF. Effects of lipemia on capillary serum protein electrophoresis in native ultra-lipemic material and intravenous lipid emulsion added sera. Clin Chem Lab Med 2022; 61:1054-1064. [PMID: 36583398 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2022-0955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to investigate the effect of natural ultralipemic material (NULM) and intravenous lipid emulsion (IVLE) on capillary serum protein electrophoresis (SPEP). METHODS NULM material was prepared from leftover patients' lipemic serum sample (triglyceride concentration >2,000 mg/dL) pool by a refrigerated high-speed centrifuge, and IVLE Omegaven lipid emulsion (30%) was used. Serum pools for interference study were prepared from patient samples for which serum protein electrophoresis was studied as Normal SPEP and M Peak SPEP. For both types of lipemia (DULM and IVLE), five pools with triglyceride concentrations of ∼4.52 mmol/L, ∼7.91 mmol/L, ∼14.69 mmol/L, ∼21.47 mmol/L, and ∼28.25 mmol/L were prepared. SPEP was studied in each pool with Sebia Capillarys Minicap. A repeated measure ANOVA test was used to determine the difference between the pools, and interferograms were used to evaluate the interference effect. RESULTS Interference was not detected in IVLE added Normal SPEP and M Peak SPEP pools, either % or concentrations of fractions. In NULM-added Normal SPEP and M Peak SPEP pools, significant positive interference in albumin % (p=0.002 and p<0.001 respectively) and significant negative interference in gamma% (p<0.001 and p=0.005 respectively) and M protein peak (p=0.002) fractions were detected. However, significant positive interference was seen only for albumin concentration fractions (p<0.001 for both pools). CONCLUSIONS It is vital to use NULM instead of IVLE solutions in lipemia interference studies for all laboratory tests, including CZE SPEP. The fractions concentration values calculated with the total protein concentration should be used for evaluating SPEP results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Şeneş
- Medical Biochemistry, University of Health Sciences Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Medine Alpdemir
- Medical Biochemistry, University of Health Sciences Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Gül Kırtıl
- Medical Biochemistry, University of Health Sciences Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Elmas Öğüş
- Medical Biochemistry, University of Health Sciences Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Emel Çolak Samsum
- Medical Biochemistry, Ministry of Health Pursaklar State Hospital, Ankara, Türkiye
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yang C, Li D, Sun D, Zhang S, Zhang P, Xiong Y, Zhao M, Qi T, Situ B, Zheng L. A Deep Learning-Based System for Assessment of Serum Quality Using Sample Images. Clin Chim Acta 2022; 531:254-260. [PMID: 35421398 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serum quality is an important factor in the pre-analytical phase of laboratory analysis. Visual inspection of serum quality (including recognition of hemolysis, icterus, and lipemia) is widely used in clinical laboratories but is time-consuming, subjective, and prone to errors. METHODS Deep learning models were trained using a dataset of 16427 centrifuged blood images with known serum indices values (including hemolytic index, icteric index, and lipemic index) and their performance was evaluated by five-fold cross-validation. Models were developed for recognizing qualified, unqualified and image-interfered samples, predicting serum indices values, and finally composed into a deep learning-based system for the automatic assessment of serum quality. RESULTS The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of the developed model for recognizing qualified, unqualified and image-interfered samples was 0.987, 0.983, and 0.999 respectively. As for subclassification of hemolysis, icterus, and lipemia, the AUCs were 0.989, 0.996, and 0.993. For serum indices and total bilirubin predictions, the Pearson's correlation coefficients (PCCs) of the developed model were 0.840, 0.963, 0.854, and 0.953 respectively. Moreover, 30.8% of serum indices tests were deemed unnecessary due to the preliminary application of the deep learning-based system. CONCLUSIONS The deep learning-based system is suitable for the assessment of serum quality and holds the potential to be used as an accurate, efficient, and rarely interfered solution in clinical laboratories.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Dongling Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Dehua Sun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Shaofen Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Yufeng Xiong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Minghai Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Tao Qi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Bo Situ
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China.
| | - Lei Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Gómez Rioja R, Ventura M, Llopis MA, Bauça JM, Caballero Garralda A, Ibarz M, Martinez D, Gómez C, Salas Gómez-Pablos P, García Del Pino I, Delgado J, Puente JJ, Marzana I. External quality assessment of serum indices: Spanish SEQC-ML program. Clin Chem Lab Med 2022; 60:66-73. [PMID: 34670030 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2021-0786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Serum indices included in clinical chemistry instruments are widely used by laboratories to assess the quality of samples. Instruments that report quantitative results allow an evaluation of their diagnostic performance in a similar way to other biochemical tests. The Spanish Society of Laboratory Medicine (SEQC-ML) launched a monthly External Quality program of serum indices in 2018 using three lyophilized materials of simultaneous annual distribution. We present the results of the first three years of the program. METHODS The use of four different quality control materials with different concentrations in three alternate months allows an annual evaluation of the participant's accuracy. Assigned values are established by consensus among homogeneous groups, considering necessary at least 10 participants for a comparison at instrument level. The average percentage difference results per instrument allow the assessment of bias among groups. RESULTS The imprecision of the three indices ranges between 3 and 9%, with no major differences among instruments. Significant differences were observed in all indices among instruments with more than 10 participants (Roche Cobas, Abbott Architect, Abbott Alinity and Siemens Advia). The 90th percentile of the distribution of percentage differences was used as the analytical performance specification (APS). An improvement in performance was observed in the first three years of the program, probably due to the learning curve effect. In 2020, APS of 7.8, 12.2 and 9.7% were proposed for hemolytic, icteric and lipemic indices, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Serum indices have a great impact on the quality and the reliability of laboratory test results. Participation in proficiency testing programs for serum indices is helpful to encourage harmonization among providers and laboratories.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rubén Gómez Rioja
- Laboratory Medicine, La Paz - Cantoblanco - Carlos III University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - María Antonia Llopis
- Laboratory Medicine, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Josep Miquel Bauça
- Servei d'Anàlisis Clíniques, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
| | | | - Mercedes Ibarz
- Labortory Medicine, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Lleida, Catalunya, Spain
| | | | - Carolina Gómez
- Laboratory Medicine, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Jose Delgado
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Palma, Mallorca, Spain
| | - Juan Jose Puente
- Servicio Bioquímica, Hospital Clinico Universitario Lozano Blesa, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Iciar Marzana
- Unidad Extraanalítica, Laboratorios Hospital Universitario Cruces, Baracaldo (Vizcaya), Spain
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Yang M, Gui X, Wang R, Jiang S, Zhou J, Chen J, Wang M, Ning J, Miao L, Liu H, Tang X, Qu C. Clinical Evaluation of the Pre-Analytical Capabilities of Hemostasis Instrument. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2022; 28:10760296221118483. [PMID: 35924377 PMCID: PMC9358572 DOI: 10.1177/10760296221118483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Evaluate the technical performance of the pre-analytical hemolysis-icterus-lipemia (HIL) check module on the ACL-TOP-750. Methods: 8433 routine coagulation samples were evaluated for HIL, the presence of clotting and low sample volume by both visual inspection and the pre-analytical HIL check module on the ACL-TOP-750. Results: 7726 samples were in agreement with both methods and 707 were not consistent. 356 samples with low volume were identified by visual inspection and 920 by the instrument (2.7 mL threshold). Visual inspection identified 56 lipemic samples while 13 of those with moderate or high lipemia were identified by the instrument. Visual inspection identified 47 hemolyzed samples while 7 with moderate or high hemolysis were identified by the instrument. Both visual inspection and the instrument identified 36 icteric samples. For triglyceride concentration and bilirubin concentration, there was good correlation between the ACL-TOP-750 and the DXC800 biochemistry analyzer. Among 30 samples with varying amounts of clotting, 27 were discovered by visual inspection and 3 were discovered by the instrument. Conclusion: The pre-analytical check module on the ACL-TOP-750 improved the detection rate of samples below the target 2.7 mL volume, and the accuracy in detection of HIL. However, the automated method could not replace visual assessment of clotting in samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, 26447Peking university First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoning Gui
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, 26447Peking university First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Run Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, 26447Peking university First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shiju Jiang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, 26447Peking university First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, 26447Peking university First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, 26447Peking university First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Meiling Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, 26447Peking university First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiwei Ning
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, 26447Peking university First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Linzi Miao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, 26447Peking university First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hongwei Liu
- Werfen Medical Device Trading (Beijing) Co., Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomei Tang
- Werfen Medical Device Trading (Beijing) Co., Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Chenxue Qu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, 26447Peking university First Hospital, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Soh SX, Loh TP, Sethi SK, Ong L. Methods to reduce lipemic interference in clinical chemistry tests: a systematic review and recommendations. Clin Chem Lab Med 2021; 60:152-161. [PMID: 34773729 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2021-0979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Lipemia is the presence of abnormally high lipoprotein concentrations in serum or plasma samples that can interfere with laboratory testing. There is little guidance available from manufacturers or professional bodies on processing lipemic samples to produce clinically acceptable results. This systematic review summarizes existing literature on the effectiveness of lipid removal techniques in reducing interference in clinical chemistry tests. METHODS A PubMed search using terms relating to lipid removal from human samples for clinical chemistry tests produced 1,558 studies published between January 2010 and July 2021. 15 articles met the criteria for further analyses. RESULTS A total of 66 analytes were investigated amongst the 15 studies, which showed highly heterogenous study designs. High-speed centrifugation was consistently effective for 13 analytes: albumin, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin, creatine kinase (CK), creatinine (Jaffe method), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), glucose (hexokinase-based method), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), phosphate, potassium, and urea. Lipid-clearing agents were uniformly effective for seven analytes: ALT, AST, total bilirubin, CK, creatinine (Jaffe method), lipase, and urea. Mixed results were reported for the remaining analytes. CONCLUSIONS For some analytes, high-speed centrifugation and/or lipid-clearing agents can be used in place of ultracentrifugation. Harmonized protocols and acceptability criteria are required to allow pooled data analysis and interpretation of different lipemic interference studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheila X Soh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tze Ping Loh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sunil K Sethi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lizhen Ong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Hamad S, Tari NR, Mathiyalagan G, Wright AJ. Emulsion acid colloidal stability and droplet crystallinity modulate postprandial gastric emptying and short-term satiety: a randomized, double-blinded, crossover, controlled trial in healthy adult males. Am J Clin Nutr 2021; 114:997-1011. [PMID: 33963742 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqab116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emulsion droplet triacylglycerol (TAG) crystallinity and colloidal stability can alter the postprandial metabolism, although evidence of their interactive effects is limited. OBJECTIVES This acute meal crossover study investigated the influences of droplet TAG crystallinity at 37°C and colloidal gastric stability on gastric emptying (GE), acute lipemia, and satiety. METHODS We gave 15 healthy adult males (mean ± SD age, 24.9 y ± 4.5 y; BMI, 26.0 kg/m2 ± 2.0 kg/m2; fasting TAG, 0.9 mmol/L ± 0.3 mmol/L) 250 mL of four 20% palm stearin or palm olein emulsions with similar particle size distributions and containing partially crystalline droplets that remained stable (SS) or destabilized (SU) or containing liquid droplets that remained stable (LS) or destabilized (LU) when exposed to simulated gastric conditions. Baseline and 6-h postprandial ultrasound gastric antrum measurements, satiety visual analogue scales (VAS), and blood samples for analyses of plasma TAG, peptide YY (PYY), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), ghrelin, leptin, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, insulin, and glucose were collected. Changes from baseline and incremental area under the curve (iAUC) values were analyzed by repeated-measures ANOVA. RESULTS TAG responses did not differ significantly. The gastric antrum area decreased faster (P ≤ 0.01) after treatment with the acid-unstable emulsions (SU and LU), and satiety VAS ratings and plasma endpoints differed between treatments. After LS treatment, participants had 65% and 59% lower 3-h iAUC values for hunger (P = 0.021) and desire to eat (P = 0.031), respectively, compared to after SU treatment. LS treatment resulted in higher 6-h iAUC values for ghrelin (141%; P = 0.023) and PYY (150%; P = 0.043) compared to SU treatment, and LS treatment also resulted in higher GLP-1 values compared to SU (38%; P = 0.016) and LU (76%; P = 0.001) treatment. CONCLUSION Emulsion acid colloidal stability, independent of TAG physical state, delayed GE, and satiety was enhanced after consuming acid stable emulsions containing TAG in the liquid state. The study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03990246.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samar Hamad
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Niloufar Rafiee Tari
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gajuna Mathiyalagan
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amanda J Wright
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Li J, Rietschlin J, Miller I, Weber C, Scheidegger M, Barringer S, Kerlin R, Williams J. Evaluation of the Preanalytical Interference of Hemoglobin, Bilirubin, or Lipids in Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Assays on Beckman Coulter AU Analyzers. Lab Med 2021; 53:172-176. [PMID: 34436600 DOI: 10.1093/labmed/lmab048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of hemolysis, icterus, and lipemia (HIL) interferences on 8 therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) assays. METHODS Amikacin, carbamazepine, digoxin, lidocaine, lithium, methotrexate, phenobarbital, and theophylline were spiked in specimen pools at the clinical decision cutoff values. The interferents were spiked in vitro in specimen pools. All analytes were tested on Beckman Coulter AU analyzers. RESULTS Hemolysis interference was detected in quantitative microsphere system (QMS) amikacin at 55.59 μg/mL at a concentration of 500 mg/dL hemoglobin. Icterus interference was detected in enzyme multiplied immunoassay technique amikacin at 43.62 μg/mL and in QMS amikacin at 55.59 μg/mL, at a concentration of 20 mg/dL bilirubin. CONCLUSION Although the reference range value is recommended for clinical significance bias assessment for HIL interferences on most chemistry assays, an important investigation of the HIL interferences on TDM assays is to establish interferent thresholds at the clinical critical cutoff values.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jieli Li
- Department of Pathology, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, US
| | - Jacqua Rietschlin
- Department of Pathology, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, US
| | - Irene Miller
- Department of Pathology, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, US
| | - Charlene Weber
- Department of Pathology, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, US
| | - Matt Scheidegger
- Department of Pathology, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, US
| | - Stephanie Barringer
- Department of Pathology, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, US
| | - Rae Kerlin
- Department of Pathology, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, US
| | - JoAnna Williams
- Department of Pathology, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, US
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Domino L, Christensen PA. Serum index rules prevent risk of analysing uncentrifuged tubes on automated biochemistry analysers. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 2021; 81:511-516. [PMID: 34346804 DOI: 10.1080/00365513.2021.1952486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Around 1.5% of the total clinical biochemistry tests performed in laboratories are affected by preanalytical errors. Large, automated chemistry analysers prevent errors and interference by using control systems such as spectrophotometric measurements to evaluate serum indices, i.e. haemolysis (H), icterus (I), and lipemia/turbidity (L). However, still preanalytical errors can remain undetected. Our laboratory experienced an incident caused by laboratory-induced preanalytical errors, where approximately 100 sedimented lithium heparin samples bypassed centrifugation and entered our automated analyser. Based on index results, we investigated the possibility of using turbidimetry measurement, as a mean to prevent analysis on uncentrifuged sedimented whole blood. 14078 L-indices from 8 days in August 2019 were extracted from the middleware and used to develop and evaluate stop rules. Similarly, a one-day validation dataset was identified in December 2020 and used for an independent validation. Three different types of stop rules were evaluated: (1) A single L-index result above a cut-off; (2) A sequence of an L-index results above a cut-off; (3) A simple moving average of n results above a cut-off. A stop rule using 3 consecutive L-indices of 40-60 was found to be superior. However, practical implementation in the instrument middleware on a Roche Cobas 8000 only allowed a simple moving average of 110 (n = 5). This rule was found to be able to identify and stop sedimented whole blood analysis. Additionally, the rule has minimal impact on daily routine production in the laboratory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lars Domino
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Peter Astrup Christensen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Tikhomirov M, Śniegocki T, Poźniak B. Lipemia in the Plasma Sample Affects Fentanyl Measurements by Means of HPLC-MS 2 after Liquid-Liquid Extraction. Molecules 2021; 26:4514. [PMID: 34361667 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26154514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Examination of fentanyl levels is frequently performed in certain scientific evaluations and forensic toxicology. It often involves the collection of very variable blood samples, including lipemic plasma or serum. To date, many works have reported the methods for fentanyl detection, but none of them have provided information about the impact on the assay performance caused by an excessive amount of lipids. This aspect may be, however, very important for highly lipophilic drugs like fentanyl. To address this issue, we developed the liquid chromatography method with mass spectrometry detection and utilized it to investigate the impact of lipids presence in rabbit plasma on the analytical method performance and validation. The validation procedure, conducted for normal plasma and lipemic plasma separately, resulted in good selectivity, sensitivity and linearity. The limits of detection and quantification were comparable between the two matrices, being slightly lower in normal plasma (0.005 and 0.015 µg/L) than in lipemic plasma (0.008 and 0.020 µg/L). Liquid–liquid extraction provided a low matrix effect regardless of the lipid levels in the samples (<10%), but pronounced differences were found in the recovery and accuracy. In the normal plasma, this parameter was stable and high (around 100%), but in the lipemic matrix, much more variable and less efficient results were obtained. Nevertheless, this difference had no impact on repeatability and reproducibility. In the present work, we provided reliable, convenient and sensitive method for fentanyl detection in the normal and lipemic rabbit plasma. However, construction of two separate validation curves was necessary to provide adequate results since the liquid-liquid extraction was utilized. Therefore, special attention should be paid during fentanyl quantification that involves lipemic plasma samples purified by this technique.
Collapse
|
18
|
Munro MJL, Hulsebosch SE, Marks SL, Gilor C. Efficacy of a micronized, nanocrystal fenofibrate formulation in treatment of hyperlipidemia in dogs. J Vet Intern Med 2021; 35:1733-1742. [PMID: 34096101 PMCID: PMC8295657 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Safe, effective, and readily available drug therapies are required for the management of hyperlipidemia and its associated complications in dogs. Objectives To investigate the efficacy of a micronized, nanocrystal formulation of fenofibrate (Tricor) in the treatment of hyperlipidemia in dogs. Animals Ten client‐owned dogs with primary (n = 7) and secondary (n = 3) hyperlipidemia. All dogs had hypertriglyceridemia at baseline; 3 dogs also had hypercholesterolemia. Methods Prospective dose‐escalation study. Dogs were treated with fenofibrate orally once daily in up to 3 cycles of 21 days each. Fenofibrate dose was increased at the end of each cycle if hypertriglyceridemia persisted and adverse effects were not documented. Complete blood count, biochemistry, and urine protein:creatinine ratio were collected serially. Baseline (T0) parameters were compared to time of maximal reduction in serum triglyceride concentrations (T1) and reported as median (range). Results Triglycerides normalized in all dogs (T0 = 662 mg/dL [189‐2391]; T1 = 113 mg/dL [81‐132]; P = .002). Fenofibrate dose at T1 = 6.4 mg/kg PO q24h (range, 2.2‐13.5). T1 was achieved at 3 (n = 4), 6 (n = 4), and 9 (n = 2) weeks. Serum cholesterol concentrations decreased in 9 of 10 dogs. Quiet demeanor and firm stools in 1 dog were the only reported adverse reactions. Fenofibrate administration resulted in a significant reduction in median alkaline phosphatase activity (P = .049). Conclusions and Clinical Importance Over 21 to 63 days, TriCor was effective in the management of primary and secondary hyperlipidemia in dogs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J L Munro
- Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, 1 Garrod Drive, Davis, California 95616, USA.,Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, The Melbourne Veterinary School, University of Melbourne, 250 Princes Highway, Werribee, Victoria 3030, Australia
| | - Sean E Hulsebosch
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, 1 Shields Ave., Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Stanley L Marks
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, 1 Shields Ave., Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Chen Gilor
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, 1 Shields Ave., Davis, California 95616, USA.,Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, 2560 SE 16th Ave., Gainesville, Florida 32610, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Van Elslande J, Hijjit S, De Vusser K, Langlois M, Meijers B, Mertens A, Van der Schueren B, Frans G, Vermeersch P. Delayed diagnosis and treatment of extreme hypertriglyceridemia due to rejection of a lipemic sample. Biochem Med (Zagreb) 2021; 31:021002. [PMID: 33927560 PMCID: PMC8047784 DOI: 10.11613/bm.2021.021002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Most laboratories routinely determine haemolysis, icterus and lipemia indices to identify lipemic samples and reject potentially affected results. Hypertriglyceridemia is the most common cause of lipemia and severe hypertriglyceridemia (≥ 11.3 mmol/L) is a major risk factor of acute pancreatitis. Laboratory analysis A 56-year-old woman attended the outpatient clinic for a follow-up visit 1 month after a kidney transplantation. Her immunosuppressive therapy consisted of corticosteroids, cyclosporine, and mycophenolic acid. The routine clinical chemistry sample was rejected due to extreme lipemia. The comment "extreme lipemic sample" was added on the report, but the requesting physician could not be reached. The Cobas 8000 gave a technical error (absorption > 3.3) for the HIL-indices (L-index: 38.6 mmol/L) which persisted after high-speed centrifugation. The patient was given a new appointment 2 days later. The new sample was also grossly lipemic and gave the same technical error (L-index: 35.9 mmol/L). What happened The second sample was manually diluted 20-fold after centrifugation to obtain a result for triglycerides within the measuring range (0.10-50.0 mmol/L). Triglycerides were 169.1 mmol/L, corresponding to very severe hypertriglyceridemia. This result was communicated to the nephrologist and the patient immediately recalled to the hospital. She received therapeutic plasma exchange the next day and did not develop acute pancreatitis. Main lesson This case illustrates the delicate balance between avoiding the release of unreliable results due to lipemia and the risk of delayed diagnosis when results are rejected. Providing an estimate of the degree of hypertriglyceridemia might be preferable to rejecting the result.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Van Elslande
- Clinical Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Samira Hijjit
- Clinical department of Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Katrien De Vusser
- Clinical department of Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Michel Langlois
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, AZ Sint-Jan Brugge, Belgium
| | - Björn Meijers
- Clinical department of Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ann Mertens
- Clinical Department of Endocrinology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bart Van der Schueren
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, AZ Sint-Jan Brugge, Belgium.,Nutrition & Obesity Unit, Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Aging, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Glynis Frans
- Clinical Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Pieter Vermeersch
- Clinical Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Seheult JN, Dalenberg D, Sridharan MR, Stuart M, Moericke K, Cardel L, Heikal N, Chen D, Pruthi RK. Revisiting the effects of spectral interfering substances in optical end-point coagulation assays. Int J Lab Hematol 2021; 43:1181-1190. [PMID: 33455065 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.13465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hemolysis, icterus, and lipemia (HIL) are common pre-analytical variables in the clinical laboratory. Understanding their effects on coagulation laboratory results is essential. METHODS HIL effects on the prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), dilute Russell's viper venom time (DRVVT), thrombin time (TT), and protein C chromogenic activity (CFx) were evaluated on the ACL TOP 750 optical analyzer and STA-R Evolution mechanical analyzer (PT and APTT only) by spiking normal donor, patient, and commercial control samples with varying concentrations of hemolysate, bilirubin, or a lipid emulsion. The relative difference or bias compared to the original results was determined. RESULTS Hemolysis (H) indices up to 900 mg/dL did not affect the APTT, PT, DRVVT Confirm, TT, and CFx; however, H indices above approximately 200 mg/dL resulted in a false-negative DRVVT screen and screen/confirm ratio in samples with a lupus anticoagulant. There was an artifactual prolongation of the PT and APTT when conjugated bilirubin was dissolved in aqueous solvents and not when it was dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide. Icterus (I) indices up to 45 mg/dL did not result in significant (>15%) bias for all assays evaluated. The PT and APTT assays failed to produce a robust clot curve when the lipemia (L) index exceeded 6000 milliabsorbance units (mAbs), and the TT and DRVVT assays failed when the L index exceeded 3000 mAbs; the CFx assay was unaffected by lipemia. CONCLUSIONS Verification of the manufacturer's recommended interference thresholds is important since it may avoid inappropriate instrument flagging and/ or sample rejection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jansen N Seheult
- Vitalant Specialty Labs - Coag & MID, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Daniel Dalenberg
- Special Coagulation Laboratory, Division of Hematopathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Meera R Sridharan
- Special Coagulation Laboratory, Division of Hematopathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Melissa Stuart
- Special Coagulation Laboratory, Division of Hematopathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Katherine Moericke
- Special Coagulation Laboratory, Division of Hematopathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Laynalee Cardel
- Special Coagulation Laboratory, Division of Hematopathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Nahla Heikal
- Special Coagulation Laboratory, Division of Hematopathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Dong Chen
- Special Coagulation Laboratory, Division of Hematopathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Rajiv K Pruthi
- Special Coagulation Laboratory, Division of Hematopathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Koch CD, Paulson N, Vera MA, Loza A, El-Khoury JM. Elevated Lipemia Index in Dark-Brown Plasma from a Bronze Baby. Clin Chem 2020; 67:447-448. [PMID: 33523217 DOI: 10.1093/clinchem/hvaa146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nathan Paulson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | - Michael A Vera
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | - Andrew Loza
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | - Joe M El-Khoury
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Badulak JH, Curtis E, Bulger EM. ECMO Membrane Lung Failure due to Hypertriglyceridemia: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. J Extra Corpor Technol 2020; 52:237-41. [PMID: 32981962 DOI: 10.1182/ject-2000026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The deleterious effects of high serum lipid content on the membrane lung (ML) during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) are sparsely documented, and the threshold of lipemia-induced membrane failure is poorly described. We present a case of a patient on venovenous ECMO who developed ML failure after 7 days due to moderate to severe hypertriglyceridemia (700-800 mg/dL). ML failure was exhibited by impaired gas exchange and high transmembrane pressures, and there was notable lipemic layering in the circuit immediately after decannulation. This case demonstrates that in addition to patients with extreme lipemia, ML failure can also occur in patients with moderate to severe hypertriglyceridemia. Hypertriglyceridemia should be suspected in patients with high transmembrane pressures and ML failure not attributable to thrombosis, and these patients may require frequent ML changes if a prolonged ECMO run is required.
Collapse
|
23
|
Koemel NA, Sciarrillo CM, Bode KB, Dixon MD, Lucas EA, Jenkins NDM, Emerson SR. Postprandial Metabolism and Vascular Function: Impact of Aging and Physical Activity Level. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab 2020; 30:412-419. [PMID: 32908019 DOI: 10.1123/ijsnem.2020-0063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The consumption of a high-fat meal can induce postprandial lipemia and endothelial dysfunction. The authors assessed the impact of age and physical activity on metabolic and vascular outcomes following meal consumption in healthy adults. The authors recruited four groups: younger active (age 22.1 ± 1.4 years; n = 9), younger inactive (age 22.6 ± 3.7 years; n = 8), older active (age 68.4 ± 7.7 years; n = 8), and older inactive (age 67.7 ± 7.2 years; n = 7). The metabolic outcomes were measured at the baseline and hourly for 6 hr post high-fat meal consumption (12 kcal/kg; 63% fat). Flow-mediated dilation was measured at the baseline, 2 hr, and 4 hr postmeal. The total area under the curve for triglycerides was significantly lower in the more active groups, but did not differ based on age (younger active = 6.5 ± 1.4 mmol/L × 6 hr, younger inactive = 11.7 ± 4.8, older active = 6.8 ± 2.7, older inactive = 12.1 ± 1.7; p = .0004). After adjusting for artery diameter, flow-mediated dilation differed between groups at the baseline (younger active = 4.8 ± 1.6%, younger inactive = 2.5 ± 0.5, older active = 3.4 ± 0.9, older inactive = 2.2 ± 0.4; p < .001) and decreased significantly across groups 4 hr postmeal (mean difference = 0.82; 95% CI [0.02, 1.6]; p = .04). These findings highlight the beneficial effect of regular physical activity on postprandial lipemia, independent of age.
Collapse
|
24
|
Lippi G, Bovo C, Salvagno GL. Are icteric and lipemic indices reliable to screen for hyperbilirubinemia and hypertriglyceridemia? Clin Chem Lab Med 2020; 58:e1-e4. [PMID: 31343978 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2019-0609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Lippi
- Section of Clinical Biochemistry, University Hospital of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Chiara Bovo
- Medical Direction, University Hospital of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Gian Luca Salvagno
- Section of Clinical Biochemistry, University Hospital of Verona, Verona, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Yang LY, Wu YS, Dai BB, Lin SH, Chen H, Li GP, Tao X, Wan JX, Pan YB. sPLA2-IB Level Correlates with Hyperlipidemia and the Prognosis of Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy. Curr Med Sci 2020; 40:683-90. [PMID: 32862379 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-020-2246-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies suggested that serum secretory phospholipase A2 group IB (sPLA2-IB) was increased in idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN). However, the interference of high lipemia on the sPLA2-IB levels was not taken into account in these studies. The present study aimed to investigate the correlation between sPLA2-IB and lipemia, and the clinical merit of sPLA2-IB in the prediction of prognosis of IMN patients. A total of 64 IMN patients, 39 immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) patients and 64 healthy controls were included in the study. The levels of serum sPLA2-IB, lipemia and proteinuria were measured. Fifty IMN patients were followed up for 6 months. Pathologic stages were made for all IgAN and IMN patients. The results showed that the levels of serum sPLA2-IB, cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were significantly higher, and the levels of albumin and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were significantly lower in IMN patients than in healthy controls and IgAN patients. Serum sPLA2-IB levels were also found to be higher in IgAN patients than in heathy controls, but the association of serum sPLA2-IB levels with proteinuria, cholesterol and albumin was only shown in IMN patients. Antibody against M-type receptor for secretory phospholipase A2 (PLA2R1) was positive in 81.3% IMN patients. Glomerular sPLA2-IB deposition, podocyte fused processes, and density deposition on thickened basement membrane were seen in IMN patients, but not in IgAN patients. IMN patients with lower sPLA2-IB and proteinuria levels were found to have better outcome after the 6-month follow-up. In IMN patients, sPLA2-IB levels were significantly increased in both serum and renal tissue. In conclusion, serum sPLA2-IB was closely correlated with proteinuria, albumin and cholesterol, and IMN patients with lower sPLA2-IB levels were more likely to achieve a better outcome.
Collapse
|
26
|
Gonel A, Yetisgin A. False Negative D Vitamin Measurement in LC-MS/MS Method Due to Hyperlipidemia: Case Report. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2020; 22:428-430. [PMID: 31573878 DOI: 10.2174/1386207322666190722155106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lipemia can influence laboratory test results by different mechanisms. Although the liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) is considered the reference method for 25(OH)D3, some compounds (carbohydrate, lipids, proteins, etc.) in the blood may cause a false result indicating a negative or positive deviation rate from the correct blood level of the test. CASE REPORT In this paper, we report a case of D vitamin intoxication due to a false negative result caused by lipemia. A young woman with a complaint of pain in multiple joints applied to the physical therapy clinic and was found to have some cystic bone lesions. She was eventually diagnosed with DM tip 1, familial hyperlipidemia, and nephrolithiasis. Although she had D vitamin replacement therapy, low levels of blood 25(OH)D3 concentration, measured by an LC-MS/MS device, were detected. After blood dilution, a high level of 25(OH)D3 and blood intoxication due to lipid interference were indicated. CONCLUSION From this case, we can conclude that analytical errors caused by the ingredients of a blood sample may lead to unnecessary treatment and intoxication. While evaluating the blood 25(OH)D3 levels, clinicians should guard against false-negative results due to interference in patients with familial hyperlipidemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ataman Gonel
- Department of Biochemistry, Harran University Faculty of Medicine, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Alparslan Yetisgin
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harran University, Faculty of Medicine, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Lee DPS, Low JHM, Chen JR, Zimmermann D, Actis-Goretta L, Kim JE. The Influence of Different Foods and Food Ingredients on Acute Postprandial Triglyceride Response: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Adv Nutr 2020; 11:1529-1543. [PMID: 32609800 PMCID: PMC7666897 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmaa074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of postprandial triglyceride (ppTG) as a cardiovascular disease risk indicator has gained recent popularity. However, the influence of different foods or food ingredients on the ppTG response has not been comprehensively characterized. A systematic literature review and meta-analysis was conducted to assess the effects of foods or food ingredients on the ppTG response. PubMed, MEDLINE, Cochrane, and CINAHL databases were searched for relevant acute (<24-h) randomized controlled trials published up to September 2018. Based on our selection criteria, 179 relevant trials (366 comparisons) were identified and systematically compiled into distinct food or food ingredient categories. A ppTG-lowering effect was noted for soluble fiber (Hedges' giAUC = -0.72; 95% CI: -1.33, -0.11), sodium bicarbonate mineral water (Hedges' gAUC = -0.42; 95% CI: -0.79, -0.04), diacylglycerol oil (Hedges' giAUC = -0.38; 95% CI: -0.75, -0.00), and whey protein when it was contrasted with other proteins. The fats group showed significant but opposite effects depending on the outcome measure used (Hedges' giAUC = -0.32; 95% CI: -0.61, -0.03; and Hedges' gAUC = 0.16; 95% CI: 0.06, 0.26). Data for other important food groups (nuts, vegetables, and polyphenols) were also assessed but of limited availability. Assessing for oral fat tolerance test (OFTT) recommendation compliance, most trials were ≥4 h long but lacked a sufficiently high fat challenge. iAUC and AUC were more common measures of ppTG. Overall, our analyses indicate that the effects on ppTG by different food groups are diverse, largely influenced by the type of food or food ingredient within the same group. The type of ppTG measurement can also influence the response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Delia Pei Shan Lee
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jasmine Hui Min Low
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | | | | | - Lucas Actis-Goretta
- Nestlé Research Singapore Hub, Singapore,Nestlé Research, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Whipple KM, Leissinger MK, Beatty SS. Frequency and classification of errors in laboratory medicine at a veterinary teaching hospital in the United States. Vet Clin Pathol 2020; 49:240-248. [PMID: 32301147 DOI: 10.1111/vcp.12851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The accuracy of laboratory data is of utmost importance. Data regarding laboratory error in human laboratories are often extrapolated into veterinary settings. One study investigated the rate and type of errors in a European commercial veterinary laboratory, but that data might not directly apply to an educational setting. OBJECTIVES This study determined the frequency and type of errors in laboratory medicine at a veterinary teaching hospital. METHODS Errors associated with clinical pathology samples were recorded over two 60-day periods. The first period included a time when new students and house officers started at the veterinary school. The second time period was 6 months later. The errors were assigned to categories, and the frequency of each was calculated. Sample hemolysis, icterus, and lipemia were evaluated separately using an automated index, as these conditions could be pathologic or the result of error. Frequencies of error and hemolysis, icterus, and lipemia were assessed between the groups. RESULTS Total error rates were 4.7% and 3.5% for the first and second periods, respectively. The frequency of each error subclassification was similar to those observed in the veterinary and human literature, with preanalytic error predominating. Statistically significant differences in the overall error rate and percentage of preanalytic errors that occurred outside of and within the laboratory were observed comparing differences between the two periods. CONCLUSIONS The overall error rate in this veterinary teaching hospital was slightly higher than that previously reported in other settings, although a proportion of errors was as expected. Areas needing improvement were identified, and strategies to reduce error could be developed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kellie M Whipple
- Department of Comparative, Diagnostic, and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Mary K Leissinger
- Department of Comparative, Diagnostic, and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Sarah S Beatty
- Department of Comparative, Diagnostic, and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Fasolka BJ, Chen LL. An Uncommon Cause of Chest Pain: Hypertriglyceridemia-Induced Pancreatitis. Crit Care Nurs Q 2020; 43:9-13. [PMID: 31789874 PMCID: PMC9171787 DOI: 10.1097/cnq.0000000000000287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Chest pain is a common and high-risk chief complaint in the emergency department. There is an array of cardiac and non-cardiac-related conditions that could lead to this symptom. It is important for the clinician to have a broad perspective when treating patients complaining of chest pain so that dangerous and potentially life-threatening conditions are not overlooked. Here, we present one such cause of chest pain that can be detrimental if the clinician fails to correctly identify the underlying condition. A brief review of hypertriglyceridemia-induced acute pancreatitis is provided, and challenges faced by the treatment team are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian J Fasolka
- Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York University, New York (Drs Fasolka and Chen); Emergency Department, Lenox Hill Hospital/Northwell Health, New York (Dr Fasolka); and Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (Dr Chen)
| | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Krasowski MD. Educational Case: Hemolysis and Lipemia Interference With Laboratory Testing. Acad Pathol 2019; 6:2374289519888754. [PMID: 31803827 PMCID: PMC6876161 DOI: 10.1177/2374289519888754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The following fictional case is intended as a learning tool within the Pathology Competencies for Medical Education (PCME), a set of national standards for teaching pathology. These are divided into three basic competencies: Disease Mechanisms and Processes, Organ System Pathology, and Diagnostic Medicine and Therapeutic Pathology. For additional information, and a full list of learning objectives for all three competencies, see http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/2374289517715040.1
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D Krasowski
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Negrini D, Bernardi D, Antonelli G, Plebani M. Interference of lipemia in samples for routine coagulation testing using a Sysmex CS-5100 coagulometer. Int J Lab Hematol 2019; 41:772-777. [PMID: 31508901 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.13108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lipemia in samples can cause analytical errors in coagulation tests using photometric assays. To define the level of this interference, some studies assessed lipemic interferences by in vitro 'spiking' of different types of lipids obtaining interesting information, but spiked samples do not represent a real-world situation as natively lipemic samples do. METHODS A total of 101 samples flagged as 'lipemic' by a Sysmex CS-5100 coagulometer were analyzed for PT, aPTT, fibrinogen Clauss assay, antithrombin activity, D-dimer concentration, before and after a double high-speed centrifugation procedure to reduce lipemic interference. We evaluated using Bland-Altman test if high-speed centrifugation and retesting are justified, considering that's a resource-consuming procedure; when a statistically significant difference was found, quality specification for imprecision was considered and compared to the observed delta. RESULTS Statistically significant differences were found for PT, antithrombin activity and fibrinogen. Considering the Bland-Altman plot, fibrinogen results were split into two groups, and statistically significant difference was confirmed only for samples >2 g/L. CONCLUSIONS For PT and antithrombin activity a mean percentual difference between the two determinations lower than within-subject biologic variation and one of the Fraser's quality specifications can be considered as a confounding 'noise' factor that is neither analytically nor clinically relevant. If the instrument determines a result on the first run, for PT, aPTT, D-dimer concentration and antithrombin activity tests, the double plasma high-speed centrifugation is unnecessary. It is instead necessary if fibrinogen >2 g/L or if the instrument cannot determine a result on the first run.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Davide Negrini
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University-Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Daniela Bernardi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University-Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Mario Plebani
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University-Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Azevedo CN, Lidbury JA, Jeffery U. Effects of marked hypertriglyceridemia and lipid clearance techniques on canine biochemistry testing. J Vet Diagn Invest 2019; 31:546-553. [PMID: 31238801 DOI: 10.1177/1040638719858690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Triglyceride concentrations in dogs with hyperlipidemic disorders can exceed concentrations used by assay manufacturers for interference testing. High-speed centrifugation or the polar solvent LipoClear reduce triglyceride concentrations, but efficacy requires evaluation in veterinary species. We determined the effect of marked hypertriglyceridemia on canine biochemistry testing; assessed the ability of high-speed centrifugation or LipoClear to correct lipemic interferences; and determined if LipoClear introduces inaccuracy into biochemistry assays. Fifteen pooled canine serum samples were aliquoted and spiked with equal volumes of water or Intralipid [triglyceride concentration 33.9 mmol/L (3,000 mg/dL)]. Intralipid aliquots underwent lipid removal by high-speed centrifugation or LipoClear treatment, and a water-spiked aliquot underwent LipoClear treatment. Biochemistry panels were performed using a Vitros 4600 chemistry analyzer. Results were compared by paired t-test or Wilcoxon test. Total observed errors were considered clinically acceptable if below veterinary allowable total error (TEa) guidelines. Statistically significant (p ≤ 0.05) interferences were introduced by Intralipid for 15 of 15 analytes. Median observed error exceeded TEa for potassium and enzymatic carbon dioxide, neither of which were identified by the manufacturer as susceptible to lipemic interference. After centrifugation, median observed error exceeded TEa for potassium and chloride. LipoClear treatment resulted in median errors that exceeded TEa for total protein, chloride, and phosphorus. Given that severe lipemia can occur in dogs with primary or secondary hyperlipidemia, veterinary laboratories should perform their own interference testing at triglyceride concentrations relevant to their patient population and provide this information to clinicians to ensure optimal case management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina N Azevedo
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology (Azevedo, Jeffery), College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX.,Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences (Lidbury), College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Jonathan A Lidbury
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology (Azevedo, Jeffery), College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX.,Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences (Lidbury), College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Unity Jeffery
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology (Azevedo, Jeffery), College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX.,Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences (Lidbury), College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Saracevic A, Dukic L, Simundic AM. Haemolysis and lipemia interfere with resistin and myeloperoxidase BioVendor ELISA assays. Biochem Med (Zagreb) 2019; 29:020703. [PMID: 31015785 PMCID: PMC6457919 DOI: 10.11613/bm.2019.020703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The aim of our study was to investigate the influence of haemolysis and lipemia on resistin (RES) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) measurement by BioVendor enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Materials and methods Blood was taken from healthy volunteers into lithium heparin tubes. Plasma samples were spiked with Lipofundin® emulsion (B. Braun Melsungen AG, Germany) for lipemia interference testing. Haemolysed samples were obtained by drawing aliquots of heparinized blood through a 26 gauge needle. Index of haemolysis (H), lipemia (L) and triglyceride concentration were measured on Abbott Architect c8000. Haemoglobin concentration was measured on Sysmex XN-1000. Concentrations of RES and MPO in all samples were determined with RES and MPO ELISA kits (BioVendor, Czech Republic). All measurements were performed in triplicate. Biases from the native samples were calculated for both analytes and compared with an arbitrary value (e.g. ± 10%). Results Triglyceride concentration in the investigated samples ranged from 0.57 to 38.23 mmol/L, which corresponds to L index from - 0.01 to 13.77. Haemoglobin concentration in all samples ranged from 0 to 8 g/L which correspond to H index from 0.05 to 8.77. Both MPO and RES showed significant biases at 1 g/L haemoglobin (58.7% and 66.7%, respectively). Also, both MPO and RES showed significant biases at 4.66 mmol/L triglycerides (33.8% and - 12.2%, respectively). Conclusions Resistin BioVendor assays are affected by haemolysis and lipemia already at low degree of interferent. Haemolysis was found to interfere at 1 g/L haemoglobin for both assays, while lipemia interferes at 4.66 mmol/L of triglycerides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Saracevic
- Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, University Hospital "Sveti Duh", Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Lora Dukic
- Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, University Hospital "Sveti Duh", Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ana-Maria Simundic
- Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, University Hospital "Sveti Duh", Zagreb, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Nikolac Gabaj N, Miler M, Vrtarić A, Hemar M, Filipi P, Kocijančić M, Šupak Smolčić V, Ćelap I, Šimundić AM. Precision, accuracy, cross reactivity and comparability of serum indices measurement on Abbott Architect c8000, Beckman Coulter AU5800 and Roche Cobas 6000 c501 clinical chemistry analyzers. Clin Chem Lab Med 2019; 56:776-788. [PMID: 29315074 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2017-0889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of our study was to perform verification of serum indices on three clinical chemistry platforms. METHODS This study was done on three analyzers: Abbott Architect c8000, Beckman Coulter AU5800 (BC) and Roche Cobas 6000 c501. The following analytical specifications were verified: precision (two patient samples), accuracy (sample with the highest concentration of interferent was serially diluted and measured values compared to theoretical values), comparability (120 patients samples) and cross reactivity (samples with increasing concentrations of interferent were divided in two aliquots and remaining interferents were added in each aliquot. Measurements were done before and after adding interferents). RESULTS Best results for precision were obtained for the H index (0.72%-2.08%). Accuracy for the H index was acceptable for Cobas and BC, while on Architect, deviations in the high concentration range were observed (y=0.02 [0.01-0.07]+1.07 [1.06-1.08]x). All three analyzers showed acceptable results in evaluating accuracy of L index and unacceptable results for I index. The H index was comparable between BC and both, Architect (Cohen's κ [95% CI]=0.795 [0.692-0.898]) and Roche (Cohen's κ [95% CI]=0.825 [0.729-0.922]), while Roche and Architect were not comparable. The I index was not comparable between all analyzer combinations, while the L index was only comparable between Abbott and BC. Cross reactivity analysis mostly showed that serum indices measurement is affected when a combination of interferences is present. CONCLUSIONS There is heterogeneity between analyzers in the hemolysis, icteria, lipemia (HIL) quality performance. Verification of serum indices in routine work is necessary to establish analytical specifications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nora Nikolac Gabaj
- Working Group for Preanalytical Phase of the Croatian Society of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia.,Department of Clinical Chemistry, Sestre Milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marijana Miler
- Working Group for Preanalytical Phase of the Croatian Society of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia.,Department of Clinical Chemistry, Sestre Milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Alen Vrtarić
- Working Group for Preanalytical Phase of the Croatian Society of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia.,Department of Clinical Chemistry, Sestre Milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marina Hemar
- Working Group for Preanalytical Phase of the Croatian Society of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia.,Medical biochemistry laboratory, Polyclinic Salzer, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Petra Filipi
- Working Group for Preanalytical Phase of the Croatian Society of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia.,Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, University Hospital Centre Split, Split, Croatia
| | - Marija Kocijančić
- Working Group for Preanalytical Phase of the Croatian Society of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia.,Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, Primary Health Care of Primorsko-goranska County, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Vesna Šupak Smolčić
- Working Group for Preanalytical Phase of the Croatian Society of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia.,Clinical Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia.,Department of Medical Informatics, Rijeka University School of Medicine, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Ivana Ćelap
- Working Group for Preanalytical Phase of the Croatian Society of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia.,Department of Clinical Chemistry, Sestre Milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ana-Maria Šimundić
- Working Group for Preanalytical Phase of the Croatian Society of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia.,Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, University Hospital "Sveti Duh", Zagreb, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Gils C, Vinholt PJ, Nybo M. Falsely prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time - a pre- and post-analytical issue. Biochem Med (Zagreb) 2018; 29:011001. [PMID: 30591818 PMCID: PMC6294156 DOI: 10.11613/bm.2019.011001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
This case highlights two common pre-analytical problems identified in routine coagulation testing of activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), which were overlooked because of a concurrent flag code indicating no coagulation and the result was replaced by asterisks. It concerns a boy with gastrointestinal bleeding and prolonged aPTT > 300 seconds, which raised the suspicion of haemophilia. When all other coagulation parameters (including specific coagulation factors VIII and IX) turned out to be normal, aPTT was re-measured using another analysis principle, which revealed a normal aPTT. The primary aPTT result turned out to be aborted due to concurrent haemolysis and lipaemia, but was erroneously interpreted as prolonged coagulation. The lesson is awareness of the possibility of numerous flag codes on the same sample overruling each other, and awareness on the responsibility in the post-analytical phase that must be carried by increased educational focus and by the manufacturers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Gils
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Pernille Just Vinholt
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Mads Nybo
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Macho-González A, Garcimartín A, Naes F, López-Oliva ME, Amores-Arrojo A, González-Muñoz MJ, Bastida S, Benedí J, Sánchez-Muniz FJ. Effects of Fiber Purified Extract of Carob Fruit on Fat Digestion and Postprandial Lipemia in Healthy Rats. J Agric Food Chem 2018; 66:6734-6741. [PMID: 29877081 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b01476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Increased postprandial lipemia is a cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor. Carob fruit extract (CFE) contains condensed tannins, and their intake has been inversely related to CVD. The objective was to evaluate the in vitro pancreatic lipase activity in the presence of CFE and the in vivo effect of CFE on postprandial lipemia of healthy Wistar rats in acute and subchronic digestibility studies and to relate it with changes in fat digestion and absorption. CFE significantly reduced pancreatic lipase activity. A peak delay and a dose-dependent decrease in plasma triglyceride and cholesterol areas under the curve were observed, effects that increased after the subchronic treatment. The levels of nondigested, nonabsorbed triglycerides of the remaining intestinal lumen fat were significantly higher in the maximum dose of CFE administrated versus the control ( P < 0.05). This study demonstrates for the first time the hypolipemic properties of CFE from the first administration, modifying postprandial lipemia by reducing the extents of fat digestion and absorption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Macho-González
- Nutrition and Food Science Department (Nutrition), Pharmacy School , Complutense University of Madrid , 28040 Madrid , Spain
- AFUSAN Group , Sanitary Research Institute of the San Carlos Clinical Hospital (IdISSC) , 28040 Madrid , Spain
- Nutrition and Cardiovascular Disease Group , Complutense University of Madrid , 28040 Madrid , Spain
| | - A Garcimartín
- Pharmacology, Pharmacognosy and Botany Department, Pharmacy School , Complutense University of Madrid , 28040 Madrid , Spain
- AFUSAN Group , Sanitary Research Institute of the San Carlos Clinical Hospital (IdISSC) , 28040 Madrid , Spain
- Nutrition and Cardiovascular Disease Group , Complutense University of Madrid , 28040 Madrid , Spain
| | - F Naes
- Nutrition and Food Science Department (Nutrition), Pharmacy School , Complutense University of Madrid , 28040 Madrid , Spain
- AFUSAN Group , Sanitary Research Institute of the San Carlos Clinical Hospital (IdISSC) , 28040 Madrid , Spain
- Nutrition and Cardiovascular Disease Group , Complutense University of Madrid , 28040 Madrid , Spain
| | - M E López-Oliva
- Departmental Section of Physiology, Pharmacy School , Complutense University of Madrid , 28040 Madrid , Spain
- AFUSAN Group , Sanitary Research Institute of the San Carlos Clinical Hospital (IdISSC) , 28040 Madrid , Spain
- Nutrition and Cardiovascular Disease Group , Complutense University of Madrid , 28040 Madrid , Spain
| | - A Amores-Arrojo
- Nutrition and Food Science Department (Nutrition), Pharmacy School , Complutense University of Madrid , 28040 Madrid , Spain
| | - M J González-Muñoz
- Biomedical Sciences Department, Toxicology Teaching Unit, Pharmacy School , Alcala University , 28801 Alcalá de Henares , Spain
- AFUSAN Group , Sanitary Research Institute of the San Carlos Clinical Hospital (IdISSC) , 28040 Madrid , Spain
- Nutrition and Cardiovascular Disease Group , Complutense University of Madrid , 28040 Madrid , Spain
| | - S Bastida
- Nutrition and Food Science Department (Nutrition), Pharmacy School , Complutense University of Madrid , 28040 Madrid , Spain
- AFUSAN Group , Sanitary Research Institute of the San Carlos Clinical Hospital (IdISSC) , 28040 Madrid , Spain
- Nutrition and Cardiovascular Disease Group , Complutense University of Madrid , 28040 Madrid , Spain
| | - J Benedí
- Pharmacology, Pharmacognosy and Botany Department, Pharmacy School , Complutense University of Madrid , 28040 Madrid , Spain
- AFUSAN Group , Sanitary Research Institute of the San Carlos Clinical Hospital (IdISSC) , 28040 Madrid , Spain
- Nutrition and Cardiovascular Disease Group , Complutense University of Madrid , 28040 Madrid , Spain
| | - F J Sánchez-Muniz
- Nutrition and Food Science Department (Nutrition), Pharmacy School , Complutense University of Madrid , 28040 Madrid , Spain
- AFUSAN Group , Sanitary Research Institute of the San Carlos Clinical Hospital (IdISSC) , 28040 Madrid , Spain
- Nutrition and Cardiovascular Disease Group , Complutense University of Madrid , 28040 Madrid , Spain
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Emerson SR, Kurti SP, Emerson EM, Cull BJ, Casey K, Haub MD, Rosenkranz SK. Postprandial Metabolic Responses Differ by Age Group and Physical Activity Level. J Nutr Health Aging 2018; 22:145-153. [PMID: 29300434 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-017-0956-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare the postprandial metabolic responses to a high-fat meal in healthy adults who differ by age and physical activity level. DESIGN Cross-sectional, quasi-experimental design. SETTING Physical Activity and Nutrition Clinical Research Consortium (PAN-CRC) at Kansas State University (Manhattan, KS, USA). PARTICIPANTS Twenty-two healthy adults: 8 younger active (YA) adults (4M/4W; 25 ± 5 yr), 8 older active (OA) adults (4M/4W; 67 ± 5 yr), and 6 older inactive (OI) adults (3M/3W; 68 ± 7 yr). INTERVENTION Following an overnight (10-hour) fast and having abstained from exercise for 2 days, participants consumed a high-fat meal (63% fat, 34% CHO; 12 kcal/kg body mass; 927 ± 154 kcal). To assess the metabolic response, blood draws were performed at baseline and each hour following the meal for 6 hours. MEASUREMENTS Fasting and postprandial triglycerides (TG), glucose, Total-C, and HDL-C were measured. Metabolic load index (MLI) and LDL-C were calculated. RESULTS There were significant group x time interactions for TG (p < 0.0001) and MLI (p = 0.004). The TG total area-under-the-curve (tAUC) response was significantly lower in YA (407.9 ± 115.1 mg/dL 6 hr) compared to OA (625.6 ± 169.0 mg/dL 6 hr; p = 0.02) and OI (961.2 ± 363.6 mg/dL 6 hr; p = 0.0002), while the OA group TG tAUC was lower than the OI group (p = 0.02). The TG peak was significantly lower in YA (90.5 ± 27.0 mg/dL) than OA (144.0 ± 42.2 mg/dL; p = 0.03) and OI (228.2 ± 96.1 mg/dL; p = 0.0003), and was lower in the OA group compared to the OI group (p = 0.03). Glucose was significantly lower 1 hour after the meal in YA (89.4 ± 10.1 mg/dL; p = 0.01) and OA (87.3 ± 22.3 mg/dL; p = 0.005) versus OI (110.7 ± 26.9 mg/dL). MLI tAUC was significantly lower in YA (936.8 ± 137.7 mg/dL 6 hr; p = 0.0007) and OA (1133.0 ± 207.4 mg/dL; p = 0.01) versus OI (1553.8 ± 394.3 mg/dL), with no difference (p = 0.14) between YA and OA groups. Total-C and LDL-C were generally lower in younger compared to older participants at baseline and throughout the postprandial period, while no group or time effects were evident in HDL-C. CONCLUSION Both physical activity status and aging appear to affect the postprandial metabolic, namely TG, response to a high-fat meal. These findings point to an inherently diminished metabolic capacity with aging, but suggest that physical activity may help minimize this decrement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S R Emerson
- Sam R. Emerson, 1324 Lovers Lane, 212 Justin Hall, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Telephone: (972) 342-6473,
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Alfieri A, Imperlini E, Nigro E, Vitucci D, Orrù S, Daniele A, Buono P, Mancini A. Effects of Plant Oil Interesterified Triacylglycerols on Lipemia and Human Health. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 19:ijms19010104. [PMID: 29301208 PMCID: PMC5796054 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19010104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The position of the fatty acids (sn-1, sn-2 and sn-3) (stereospecific numbering (sn)) in triacylglycerol (TAG) molecules produces a characteristic stereospecificity that defines the physical properties of the fats and influences their absorption, metabolism and uptake into tissues. Fat interesterification is a process that implies a positional distribution of fatty acids (FAs) within the TAG molecules, generating new TAG species, without affecting the FA cis-trans natural balance. The interesterified (IE) fats, frequently used in the food industry comprise fats that are rich in long-chain saturated FAs, such as palmitic acid (16:0) and stearic acid (18:0). Within the interesterified fats, a critical role is played by FA occupying the sn-2 position; in fact, the presence of an unsaturated FA in this specific position influences early metabolic processing and postprandial clearance that in turn could induce atherogenesis and thrombogenesis events. Here, we provide an overview on the role of TAG structures and interesterified palmitic and stearic acid-rich fats on fasting and postprandial lipemia, focusing our attention on their physical properties and their effects on human health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andreina Alfieri
- Dipartimento di Scienze Motorie e del Benessere, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Parthenope", via Medina 40, 80133 Napoli, Italy.
- Ceinge-Biotecnologie Avanzate S.c.a r.l., Via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Napoli, Italy.
| | | | - Ersilia Nigro
- Ceinge-Biotecnologie Avanzate S.c.a r.l., Via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Napoli, Italy.
- Dipartimento di Medicina e di Scienze della Salute "Vincenzo Tiberio", Università degli Studi del Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy.
| | | | - Stefania Orrù
- Dipartimento di Scienze Motorie e del Benessere, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Parthenope", via Medina 40, 80133 Napoli, Italy.
- Ceinge-Biotecnologie Avanzate S.c.a r.l., Via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Napoli, Italy.
- IRCCS SDN, via E. Gianturco 113, 80142 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Aurora Daniele
- Ceinge-Biotecnologie Avanzate S.c.a r.l., Via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Napoli, Italy.
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali Biologiche Farmaceutiche, Università della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via G. Vivaldi 42, 81100 Caserta, Italy.
| | - Pasqualina Buono
- Dipartimento di Scienze Motorie e del Benessere, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Parthenope", via Medina 40, 80133 Napoli, Italy.
- Ceinge-Biotecnologie Avanzate S.c.a r.l., Via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Napoli, Italy.
- IRCCS SDN, via E. Gianturco 113, 80142 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Annamaria Mancini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Motorie e del Benessere, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Parthenope", via Medina 40, 80133 Napoli, Italy.
- Ceinge-Biotecnologie Avanzate S.c.a r.l., Via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Napoli, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Monteiro L, Foss-Freitas MC, Navarro A, Pereira F, Coeli F, Carneseca E, Júnior RM, Foss M. Evaluation of Dietary Intake, Leisure-Time Physical Activity, and Metabolic Profile in Women with Mutation in the LMNA Gene. J Am Coll Nutr 2017; 36:248-252. [PMID: 28443701 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2016.1262299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Familial partial lipodystrophy (FPL) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by selective lack of subcutaneous fat, which is associated with insulin-resistant diabetes. The Dunnigan variety (FPLD2) is caused by several missense mutations in the lamin A/C (LMNA) gene, most of which are typically located in exon 8 at the codon position 482. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess and compare the dietary intake, leisure-time physical activity (LTPA), and biochemical measurements (glucose, A1C, and plasma lipids) in women with FPLD2 and without (control group, CG) and to examine the associations between dietary intake and biochemical measurements (BM). METHODS LTPA was measured with a questionnaire and metabolic equivalent (MET) hours per week (hours/week) were calculated. Dietary intake by the 3-day recall method and clinical laboratory parameters were collected. RESULTS Characteristics of women with FPLD2: 35.8 ± 13.9 years, fat mass = 10 ± 2.3 kg and fat free mass = 41.4 ± 4.5 kg (p < 0.05). Women with FPLD2 showed a smaller intake of energy (kcal), lipids, and carbohydrates and a large intake of protein (p < 0.01) compared to CG. Comparing the 2 groups in terms of LTPA, 78% of women with FPLD2 performed insufficient physical activity. In addition, they had a higher levels of glucose, A1C, and triglycerides (TG) and lower levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL). There was no correlation between dietary intake and biochemical measurements. CONCLUSIONS Women with FPLD2 have a lower intake of energy (kcal), lipids, and carbohydrates and greater changes in biochemical measurements. Because this is a rare disease, future studies are needed with encouragement of the practice of physical activity and of healthy eating habits, preventing the onset of diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Monteiro
- a Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine , Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo , São Paulo , BRAZIL
| | - Maria Cristina Foss-Freitas
- a Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine , Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo , São Paulo , BRAZIL
| | - Anderson Navarro
- b Division of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine , Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo , São Paulo , BRAZIL
| | - Francisco Pereira
- a Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine , Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo , São Paulo , BRAZIL
| | - Fernanda Coeli
- a Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine , Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo , São Paulo , BRAZIL
| | - Estela Carneseca
- c Institute of Education and Research, Foundation Institution Pio XII-Cancer Hospital of Barretos , São Paulo , BRAZIL
| | - Renan Montenegro Júnior
- d Department of Community Health, Service of Endocrinology and Diabetes , University Hospital Walter Cantídio, Fortaleza Medical School, Ceará University , Fortaleza , Ceará , BRAZIL
| | - Milton Foss
- a Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine , Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo , São Paulo , BRAZIL
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Tang N, Jin X, Sun Z, Jian C. Effects of hemolysis and lipemia interference on kaolin-activated thromboelastography, and comparison with conventional coagulation tests. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 2017; 77:98-103. [PMID: 28218013 DOI: 10.1080/00365513.2016.1271906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The effects of hemolysis and lipemia on thromboelastography (TEG) analysis have been scarcely evaluated in human samples, and neglected in clinical practice. We aimed to investigate the effects of in vitro mechanical hemolysis and lipemia on TEG analysis and conventional coagulation tests. Twenty-four healthy volunteers were enrolled in the study. Besides the controls, three groups with slight, moderate and severe mechanical hemolysis were constituted according to free hemoglobin (Hb) concentrations of 0.5-1.0, 2.0-6.0 and 7.0-13.0 g/L, respectively; and three groups with mild, moderate and high lipemia were established according to triglyceride concentrations of ∼6.0, ∼12.0, and ∼18.0 mmol/L, respectively. Four TEG parameters, reaction time (R), coagulation time (K), angle (α), and maximum amplitude (MA), were measured alongside conventional plasma tests including prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and fibrinogen (FIB) by mechanical method, and platelet count by optical method. Results showed that the median R and MA values at moderate and severe hemolysis and K at severe hemolysis exceeded respective reference intervals, and were considered unacceptable. Median values of TEG parameters in lipemic samples were all within reference intervals. Bias values of conventional plasma tests PT, APTT and FIB in hemolyzed or lipemic samples were all lower than the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA) allowable limits. Bias values of platelet count at moderate to severe hemolysis and lipemia exceeded the CLIA allowable limits. In conclusion, the detection of TEG was in general more affected by mechanical hemolysis than plasma coagulation tests. Pre-analytical variables should be taken into account when unexpected TEG results are obtained.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Tang
- a Clinical Laboratory, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , Hubei , China
| | - Xi Jin
- a Clinical Laboratory, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , Hubei , China
| | - Ziyong Sun
- a Clinical Laboratory, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , Hubei , China
| | - Cui Jian
- a Clinical Laboratory, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , Hubei , China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Musso G, Cipolla U, Cassader M, Pinach S, Saba F, De Michieli F, Paschetta E, Bongiovanni D, Framarin L, Leone N, Berrutti M, Rosina F, Corvisieri S, Molinaro F, Sircana A, Gambino R. TM6SF2 rs58542926 variant affects postprandial lipoprotein metabolism and glucose homeostasis in NAFLD. J Lipid Res 2017; 58:1221-1229. [PMID: 28242789 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m075028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Revised: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanisms underlying the opposite effects of transmembrane 6 superfamily member 2 (TM6SF2) rs58542926 C>T polymorphism on liver injury and cardiometabolic risk in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are unclear. We assessed the impact of this polymorphism on postprandial lipoprotein metabolism, glucose homeostasis, and nutrient oxidation in NAFLD. Sixty nonobese nondiabetic normolipidemic biopsy-proven NAFLD patients and 60 matched controls genotyped for TM6SF2 C>T polymorphism underwent: indirect calorimetry; an oral fat tolerance test with measurement of plasma lipoprotein subfractions, adipokines, and incretin glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP); and an oral glucose tolerance test with minimal model analysis of glucose homeostasis. The TM6SF2 T-allele was associated with higher hepatic and adipose insulin resistance, impaired pancreatic β-cell function and incretin effect, and higher muscle insulin sensitivity and whole-body fat oxidation rate. Compared with the TM6SF2 C-allele, the T-allele entailed lower postprandial lipemia and nefaemia, a less atherogenic lipoprotein profile, and a postprandial cholesterol (Chol) redistribution from smaller atherogenic lipoprotein subfractions to larger intestinal and hepatic VLDL1 subfractions. Postprandial plasma VLDL1-Chol response independently predicted the severity of liver histology. In conclusion, the TM6SF2 C>T polymorphism affects nutrient oxidation, glucose homeostasis, and postprandial lipoprotein, adipokine, and GIP responses to fat ingestion independently of fasting values. These differences may contribute to the dual and opposite effect of this polymorphism on liver injury and cardiometabolic risk in NAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Antonio Sircana
- Emergency Medicine Department, Sassari Hospital, Sassari, Italy
| | - Roberto Gambino
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Goncharova NV, Khrapova MV, Pupyshev AB, Korolenko ET, Nešéáková Z, Korolenko TA. Hypolipidemic Effect of Mannan in Mice with Acute Lipemia Induced by Poloxamer 407. Bull Exp Biol Med 2016; 162:18-22. [PMID: 27878733 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-016-3534-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We studied biological effects of mannan, a polysaccharide immunomodulator from C. albicans, that interacts with mannose receptor in vivo. It is shown that preliminary administration of mannan (5 times in a dose of 50 mg/kg or 2 times in a dose of 100 mg/kg) to mice with acute lipemia induced by lipase inhibitor poloxamer 407 (300 mg/kg) reduces the serum concentrations of atherogenic LDL, cholesterol, and triglycerides. Administration of mannan to intact mice and animals with acute lipemia reduces triglyceride concentration and causes labilization of lysosomal membranes in the liver. Serum activity of chitotriosidase, a marker of macrophage activation, was elevated in mice with acute lipemia treated with mannan. Thus, mannan from C. albicans is a promising hypolipidemic polysaccharide compound, similar by its activity to β-glycan, a component of LPS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N V Goncharova
- Research Institute of Physiology and Fundamental Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - M V Khrapova
- Research Institute of Physiology and Fundamental Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - A B Pupyshev
- Research Institute of Physiology and Fundamental Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | | | - Z Nešéáková
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - T A Korolenko
- Research Institute of Physiology and Fundamental Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Bodell NG, Gillum T. 90 Minutes of Moderate-Intensity Exercise does not Attenuate Postprandial Triglycerides in Older Adults. Int J Exerc Sci 2016; 9:677-84. [PMID: 27990228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
To determine whether 90 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise, prior to a high fat meal, attenuates postprandial triglycerides (PPT) in older adults. Eight sedentary older adult volunteers (mean ± SD age = 58 ± 8 years, BMI 26.5 ± 4.2); completed two trials consisting of exercise and a no-exercise control. Exercise trials involved 90 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise 60% heart rate reserve (HRR). Following exercise, an overnight fast of 12-16 hours was performed. Participants were given a high fat meal that consisted of 146 grams of CHO, and 92 grams of fat and instructed to rest. Lipid levels were collected at pre-feeding, 1, 2, 3, and 4 hours post feeding. The control trial involved no exercise, performed an overnight fast of 12-16 hours, and was given the high fat meal followed by four hours of rest and data collection. There was no difference in PPT between the control and exercise trials (p < 0.05). Triglycerides (TG) increased in both trials over pre-feeding values (pre-feeding 123.13 ± 65.03 con. 111 ± 53.9 ex., 1hr 161.50 ± 83.77 con. 149 ± 71.03 ex., 2hrs 208.25 ± 120.69 con. 177 ± 97.29 ex., 3hrs 228 ± 146.99 con. 147.25 ± 87.64 ex., 4hrs 211.75 ± 140.15 con. 169.5 ± 68.14 ex). No difference in triglycerides over time was observed among older adults between the exercise and control trials.
Collapse
|
44
|
Ali D, Sacchetto É, Reigner A, Le Carrer D, Orsonneau JL, Delaroche O, Bigot-Corbel É. [ Lipemia and bilirubin influences for twenty-four biochemical parameters measurement]. Ann Biol Clin (Paris) 2015; 73:671-89. [PMID: 26635048 DOI: 10.1684/abc.2015.1088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The study of the influence of the lipemia and icterus was performed experimentally for twenty-four biochemistry parameters on the Roche Cobas 6000 CE analyzer. Overloads in Intralipid(®) or ditaurate of bilirubin were performed on several plasma pools. The limit of 10% was chosen to define interference on the measurement. The parameters studied were classified into different categories depending on their measurement is affected or not. Knowledge of these data allows the biologist to adapt its reporting procedures in the case of lactescent and/or icteric samples.
Collapse
|
45
|
Lecomte M, Bourlieu C, Meugnier E, Penhoat A, Cheillan D, Pineau G, Loizon E, Trauchessec M, Claude M, Ménard O, Géloën A, Laugerette F, Michalski MC. Milk Polar Lipids Affect In Vitro Digestive Lipolysis and Postprandial Lipid Metabolism in Mice. J Nutr 2015; 145:1770-7. [PMID: 26136586 DOI: 10.3945/jn.115.212068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polar lipid (PL) emulsifiers such as milk PLs (MPLs) may affect digestion and subsequent lipid metabolism, but focused studies on postprandial lipemia are lacking. OBJECTIVE We evaluated the impact of MPLs on postprandial lipemia in mice and on lipid digestion in vitro. METHODS Female Swiss mice were gavaged with 150 μL of an oil-in-water emulsion stabilized with 5.7 mg of either MPLs or soybean PLs (SPLs) and killed after 1, 2, or 4 h. Plasma lipids were quantified and in the small intestine, gene expression was analyzed by reverse transcriptase-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Emulsions were lipolyzed in vitro using a static human digestion model; triglyceride (TG) disappearance was followed by thin-layer chromatography. RESULTS In mice, after 1 h, plasma TGs tended to be higher in the MPL group than in the SPL group (141 μg/mL vs. 90 μg/mL; P = 0.07) and nonesterified fatty acids (NEFAs) were significantly higher (64 μg/mL vs. 44 μg/mL; P < 0.05). The opposite was observed after 4 h with lower TGs (21 μg/mL vs. 35 μg/mL; P < 0.01) and NEFAs (20 μg/mL vs. 32 μg/mL; P < 0.01) in the MPL group compared with the SPL group. This was associated at 4 h with a lower gene expression of apolipoprotein B (Apob) and Secretion Associated, Ras related GTPase 1 gene homolog B (Sar1b), in the duodenum of MPL mice compared with SPL mice (P < 0.05). In vitro, during the intestinal phase, TGs were hydrolyzed more in the MPL emulsion than in the SPL emulsion (decremental AUCs were 1750%/min vs. 180%/min; P < 0.01). MPLs enhance lipid intestinal hydrolysis and promote more rapid intestinal lipid absorption and sharper kinetics of lipemia. CONCLUSIONS Postprandial lipemia in mice can be modulated by emulsifying with MPLs compared with SPLs, partly through differences in chylomicron assembly, and TG hydrolysis rate as observed in vitro. MPLs may thereby contribute to the long-term regulation of lipid metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manon Lecomte
- UMR 1397 National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA), Lyon 1 University, U1060 National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), National Institute of Applied Science of Lyon, INSA-Lyon, Institute for Multidisciplinary Biochemistry of Lipids, Cardiovascular, Metabolism, Diabetologia and Nutrition Laboratory, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Claire Bourlieu
- UMR 1253 National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA), Science & Technology of Milk and Egg, Rennes, France; Agrocampus Ouest, Science & Technology of Milk and Egg, Rennes, France
| | - Emmanuelle Meugnier
- U1060 National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), UMR 1397 National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA), Cardiovascular, Metabolism, Diabetologia and Nutrition Laboratory, Oullins, France; and
| | - Armelle Penhoat
- UMR 1397 National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA), Lyon 1 University, U1060 National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), National Institute of Applied Science of Lyon, INSA-Lyon, Institute for Multidisciplinary Biochemistry of Lipids, Cardiovascular, Metabolism, Diabetologia and Nutrition Laboratory, Villeurbanne, France
| | - David Cheillan
- UMR 1397 National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA), Lyon 1 University, U1060 National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), National Institute of Applied Science of Lyon, INSA-Lyon, Institute for Multidisciplinary Biochemistry of Lipids, Cardiovascular, Metabolism, Diabetologia and Nutrition Laboratory, Villeurbanne, France; Hereditary Metabolic Diseases Department, East Medical Group, Lyon Civil Hospitals, Lyon, France
| | - Gaëlle Pineau
- UMR 1397 National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA), Lyon 1 University, U1060 National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), National Institute of Applied Science of Lyon, INSA-Lyon, Institute for Multidisciplinary Biochemistry of Lipids, Cardiovascular, Metabolism, Diabetologia and Nutrition Laboratory, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Emmanuelle Loizon
- U1060 National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), UMR 1397 National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA), Cardiovascular, Metabolism, Diabetologia and Nutrition Laboratory, Oullins, France; and
| | - Michèle Trauchessec
- Hereditary Metabolic Diseases Department, East Medical Group, Lyon Civil Hospitals, Lyon, France
| | - Mathilde Claude
- UMR 1253 National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA), Science & Technology of Milk and Egg, Rennes, France; Agrocampus Ouest, Science & Technology of Milk and Egg, Rennes, France
| | - Olivia Ménard
- UMR 1253 National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA), Science & Technology of Milk and Egg, Rennes, France; Agrocampus Ouest, Science & Technology of Milk and Egg, Rennes, France
| | - Alain Géloën
- UMR 1397 National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA), Lyon 1 University, U1060 National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), National Institute of Applied Science of Lyon, INSA-Lyon, Institute for Multidisciplinary Biochemistry of Lipids, Cardiovascular, Metabolism, Diabetologia and Nutrition Laboratory, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Fabienne Laugerette
- UMR 1397 National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA), Lyon 1 University, U1060 National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), National Institute of Applied Science of Lyon, INSA-Lyon, Institute for Multidisciplinary Biochemistry of Lipids, Cardiovascular, Metabolism, Diabetologia and Nutrition Laboratory, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Marie-Caroline Michalski
- UMR 1397 National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA), Lyon 1 University, U1060 National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), National Institute of Applied Science of Lyon, INSA-Lyon, Institute for Multidisciplinary Biochemistry of Lipids, Cardiovascular, Metabolism, Diabetologia and Nutrition Laboratory, Villeurbanne, France;
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Brandauer J, Landers-Ramos RQ, Jenkins NT, Spangenburg EE, Hagberg JM, Prior SJ. Effects of prior acute exercise on circulating cytokine concentration responses to a high-fat meal. Physiol Rep 2013; 1:e00040. [PMID: 24303126 PMCID: PMC3834997 DOI: 10.1002/phy2.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2013] [Revised: 06/26/2013] [Accepted: 06/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
High-fat meal consumption alters the circulating cytokine profile and contributes to cardiometabolic diseases. A prior bout of exercise can ameliorate the triglyceride response to a high-fat meal, but the interactive effects of exercise and high-fat meals on cytokines that mediate cardiometabolic risk are not fully understood. We investigated the effects of prior exercise on the responses of circulating tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-8, leptin, retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), placental growth factor (PlGF), and soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1) to a high-fat meal. Ten healthy men were studied before and 4 h after ingestion of a high-fat meal either with or without ∼50 min of endurance exercise at 70% of VO2 max on the preceding day. In response to the high-fat meal, lower leptin and higher VEGF, bFGF, IL-6, and IL-8 concentrations were evident (P < 0.05 for all). There was no effect of the high-fat meal on PlGF, TNF-α, or RBP4 concentrations. We found lower leptin concentrations with prior exercise (P < 0.05) and interactive effects of prior exercise and the high-fat meal on sFlt-1 (P < 0.05). The high-fat meal increased IL-6 by 59% without prior exercise and 218% with prior exercise (P < 0.05). In conclusion, a prior bout of endurance exercise does not affect all high-fat meal-induced changes in circulating cytokines, but does affect fasting or postprandial concentrations of IL-6, leptin, and sFlt-1. These data may reflect a salutary effect of prior exercise on metabolic responses to a high-fat meal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Josef Brandauer
- Department of Health Sciences, Gettysburg College Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, 17325
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Timpe EM, Eichner SF, Phelps SJ. Propofol-related infusion syndrome in critically ill pediatric patients: coincidence, association, or causation? J Pediatr Pharmacol Ther 2012; 11:17-42. [PMID: 23118644 DOI: 10.5863/1551-6776-11.1.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Over the past two decades numerous reports have described the development of a propofol-related infusion syndrome (PRIS) in critically ill adult and pediatric patients who received continuous infusion propofol for anesthesia or sedation. The syndrome is generally characterized by progressive metabolic acidosis, hemodynamic instability and bradyarrhythmias that are refractory to aggressive pharmacological treatments. PRIS may occur with or without the presence of hepatomegaly, rhabdomyolysis or lipemia. To date, the medical literature contains accounts of 20 deaths in critically ill pediatric patients who developed features consistent with PRIS. These reports have generated considerable discussion and debate regarding the relationship, if any, between propofol and a constellation of clinical symptoms and features that have been attributed to its use in critically ill pediatric patients. This paper reviews the literature concerning PRIS, its clinical presentation, proposed mechanisms for the syndrome, and potential management should the syndrome occur.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erin M Timpe
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, Edwardsville, Illinois
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Prior SJ, Jenkins NT, Brandauer J, Weiss EP, Hagberg JM. Aerobic exercise training increases circulating insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 concentration, but does not attenuate the reduction in circulating insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 after a high-fat meal. Metabolism 2012; 61:310-6. [PMID: 21872284 PMCID: PMC3227769 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2011.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2011] [Revised: 07/06/2011] [Accepted: 07/06/2011] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) has metabolic effects throughout the body, and its expression is regulated in part by insulin. Circulating IGFBP-1 predicts development of cardiometabolic diseases in longitudinal studies, and low IGFBP-1 concentrations are associated with insulin resistance and consumption of a high-fat diet. Because of the favorable metabolic effects of regular aerobic exercise, we hypothesized that aerobic exercise training would increase plasma IGFBP-1 concentrations and attenuate the reduction in IGFBP-1 after a high-fat meal. Ten overweight (body mass index = 28.7 ± 0.9 kg/m(2)), older (61 ± 2 years) men and women underwent high-fat feeding and oral glucose tolerance tests at baseline and after 6 months of aerobic exercise training. In response to aerobic exercise training, subjects increased cardiorespiratory fitness by 13% (P < .05) and insulin sensitivity index by 28% (P < .05). Basal plasma concentrations of IGFBP-1 increased by 41% after aerobic exercise training (P < .05). The insulin response to an oral glucose tolerance test was a significant predictor of fasting plasma IGFBP-1 concentrations at baseline and after exercise training (P = .02). In response to the high-fat meal at baseline, plasma IGFBP-1 concentrations decreased by 58% (P < .001); a 61% decrease to similar postprandial concentrations was observed after exercise training (P < .001). Plasma insulin response to the high-fat meal was inversely associated with postprandial IGFBP-1 concentrations at baseline and after exercise training (P = .06 and P < .05, respectively). Although aerobic exercise training did not attenuate the response to a high-fat meal, the increase in IGFBP-1 concentrations after exercise training may be one mechanism by which exercise reduces risk for cardiometabolic diseases in older adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Steven J Prior
- Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|