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Xu P, Wang K, Fu X, Liu Z, Song Y. Influence and mechanism of solids on the air pressure fluctuations on the building drainage system. Water Sci Technol 2024; 89:1787-1806. [PMID: 38619903 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2024.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
The conventional building drainage system was constructed based on the theory of two-phase flow involving water and air. However, the drainage system contained a more intricate three-phase flow, encompassing water, air, and solids, which was relatively overlooked in research. This study addressed the impact of solids on pressure fluctuations, air flow rates, and hydraulic jump fullness within the drainage system, considering three factors: the mass factor, cross-section factor, and viscosity. The investigation was conducted within a single-stack system using both experimental methods and CFD simulations. The findings revealed a positive correlation between both positive and negative pressures and above three factors. The mass factor and the cross-section factor had a more significant impact on the negative pressure of the system. The maximum growth rates of negative pressure extremes under different mass and cross-section factors reached 7.72 and 16.52%, respectively. In contrast, the viscosity of fecal sludge had a slightly higher effect on the positive pressure fluctuation of the drainage system, with the maximum growth rate of positive pressure extremes at 3.41%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Xu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China E-mail:
| | - Ke Wang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Xue Fu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Zhuangzhuang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Yilin Song
- Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China
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Alvarez AB, Petersen SB. Formation of gel and solid phases in acrylic cuvettes upon exposure to DMSO, oxygen and light: implications for fluorescence spectroscopy. Methods Appl Fluoresc 2024; 12:027001. [PMID: 38428020 DOI: 10.1088/2050-6120/ad2f39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
We here report the formation of a turbid-gel phase in acrylic cuvettes upon exposure to pure Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO) at room temperature. The observed phenomenon occurred over a 10 h to 14 h incubation in the presence of environmental oxygen. After the turbid gel was removed from the cuvette, it became a white solid exhibiting unique emission behavior. The formation of the turbid-gel phase was accelerated upon exposure to UV 295 LED pulses of light from 6 h to 8 h. Surprisingly, subsequent exposure of the white solid to a few microliters of pure DMSO and vortexing resulted in its transformation into a transparent gel state in just a few minutes, eventually acquiring transparent and liquid properties. Additionally, the white-solid phase can load other molecules, such as Resveratrol and Quercetin, leading to shifts in the respective emission spectra compared with the same molecule in liquid and pure DMSO. These novel findings highlight the interaction between UV photons, oxygen, DMSO and Acrylic, and potentially distort fluorescence spectroscopy experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alain Bolaño Alvarez
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Steffen B Petersen
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
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3
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Li R, Li Z, Yang Z, Qiu B, Tan F, Xue Q, Gao S, He J. The presence of micropapillary and/or solid subtypes is an independent prognostic factor for patients undergoing curative resection for stage I lung adenocarcinoma with ground-glass opacity. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2024; 13:256-268. [PMID: 38496684 PMCID: PMC10938098 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr-23-736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Background Non-predominant or even minimal micropapillary and/or solid (MP/S) subtypes have been reported to exert an unfavorable prognostic influence on surgically resected lung adenocarcinoma (ADC). Currently, there is a lack of evidence to demonstrate that high-grade pathological subtypes, including MP/S components, impact the prognosis of patients with surgically resected lung ADCs with ground-glass opacity (GGO). In this investigation, we explored the prognostic implications of minimal MP/S components in lung ADCs with GGO. Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 1,004 consecutive patients undergoing curative resection for pathologic stage (p-stage) I lung ADCs featuring GGO on computed tomography (CT) scans between January 2014 and December 2016. Tumors were categorized into MP/S positive (MP/S+) group and MP/S negative (MP/S-) group. MP/S+ tumors were defined when MP/S subtypes constituted ≥1% of the entire tumor. The prognostic impact of MP/S subtypes was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier analysis, Cox proportional hazard model and restricted cubic spine (RCS) model. Results A total of 86 (8.6%) cases with MP/S+ tumors and 918 (91.4%) cases with MP/S- tumors were identified. The solid component tumor diameter and pathological invasive tumor size of MP/S+ tumors were both significantly larger than that of MP/S- tumors (13.0 vs. 4.0 mm, P<0.001, and 18.0 vs. 10.0 mm, P<0.001, respectively). After a median follow-up of 7.3 years, the presence of MP/S components was significantly associated with decreased RFS (5-year RFS, MP/S+ 88.3% vs. MP/S- 97.4%; P<0.001; HR =1.02). The presence of a histologic lepidic (Lep) component demonstrated a prognostic advantage in both MP/S- (5-year RFS, MP/S-Lep+ 98.0% vs. MP/S-Lep- 95.3%; P=0.01; HR =0.89) and MP/S+ subgroups (5-year RFS, MP/S+Lep+ 93.4% vs. MP/S+Lep- 83.2%; P=0.10; HR =0.84). MP/S+ components ≥5% were the only tumor-related factor that independently affected RFS [hazard ratio (HR) =1.77; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.07-2.94] according to multivariate analysis. There was a progressively negative impact of the proportion of MP/S subtypes on RFS as illustrated by RCS model. Conclusions The presence of MP/S patterns in stage I GGO-featured lung ADCs exhibit significant prognostic value and may have implications for tailored postoperative treatment and surveillance strategies, especially when the proportion exceeds 5% of the entire tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zhenlin Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | | | - Fengwei Tan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Xue
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shugeng Gao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jie He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Sun K, Chen S, Zhao J, Wang B, Yang Y, Wang Y, Wu C, Sun X. Corrigendum: Convolutional neural network-based diagnostic model for a solid, indeterminate solitary pulmonary nodule or mass on computed tomography. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1302777. [PMID: 38023179 PMCID: PMC10660670 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1302777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.792062.].
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Sun
- Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shouyu Chen
- Department of Computer Science and Technology, College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiabi Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yin Wang
- Department of Computer Science and Technology, College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunyan Wu
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiwen Sun
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Mu J, Huang J, Ao M, Li W, Jiang L, Yang L. Advances in diagnosis and prediction for aggression of pure solid T1 lung cancer. Precis Clin Med 2023; 6:pbad020. [PMID: 38025970 PMCID: PMC10680022 DOI: 10.1093/pcmedi/pbad020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A growing number of early-stage lung cancers presenting as malignant pulmonary nodules have been diagnosed because of the increased adoption of low-dose spiral computed tomography. But pure solid T1 lung cancer with ≤3 cm in the greatest dimension is not always at an early stage, despite its small size. This type of cancer can be highly aggressive and is associated with pathological involvement, metastasis, postoperative relapse, and even death. However, it is easily misdiagnosed or delay diagnosed in clinics and thus poses a serious threat to human health. The percentage of nodal or extrathoracic metastases has been reported to be >20% in T1 lung cancer. As such, understanding and identifying the aggressive characteristics of pure solid T1 lung cancer is crucial for prevention, diagnosis, and therapeutic strategies, and beneficial to improving the prognosis. With the widespread of lung cancer screening, these highly invasive pure solid T1 lung cancer will become the main advanced lung cancer in future. However, there is limited information regarding precision medicine on how to identify these "early-stage" aggressive lung cancers. To provide clinicians with new insights into early recognition and intervention of the highly invasive pure solid T1 lung cancer, this review summarizes its clinical characteristics, imaging, pathology, gene alterations, immune microenvironment, multi-omics, and current techniques for diagnosis and prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhao Mu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Min Ao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Weiyi Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Li Jiang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
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Veron Sanchez A, Santamaria Guinea N, Cayon Somacarrera S, Bennouna I, Pezzullo M, Bali MA. Rare Solid Pancreatic Lesions on Cross-Sectional Imaging. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:2719. [PMID: 37627978 PMCID: PMC10453474 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13162719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Several solid lesions can be found within the pancreas mainly arising from the exocrine and endocrine pancreatic tissue. Among all pancreatic malignancies, the most common subtype is pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), to a point that pancreatic cancer and PDAC are used interchangeably. But, in addition to PDAC, and to the other most common and well-known solid lesions, either related to benign conditions, such as pancreatitis, or not so benign, such as pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (pNENs), there are solid pancreatic lesions considered rare due to their low incidence. These lesions may originate from a cell line with a differentiation other than exocrine/endocrine, such as from the nerve sheath as for pancreatic schwannoma or from mesenchymal cells as for solitary fibrous tumour. These rare solid pancreatic lesions may show a behaviour that ranges in a benign to highly aggressive malignant spectrum. This review includes cases of an intrapancreatic accessory spleen, pancreatic tuberculosis, solid serous cystadenoma, solid pseudopapillary tumour, pancreatic schwannoma, purely intraductal neuroendocrine tumour, pancreatic fibrous solitary tumour, acinar cell carcinoma, undifferentiated carcinoma with osteoclastic-like giant cells, adenosquamous carcinoma, colloid carcinoma of the pancreas, primary leiomyosarcoma of the pancreas, primary and secondary pancreatic lymphoma and metastases within the pancreas. Therefore, it is important to determine the correct diagnosis to ensure optimal patient management. Because of their rarity, their existence is less well known and, when depicted, in most cases incidentally, the correct diagnosis remains challenging. However, there are some typical imaging features present on cross-sectional imaging modalities that, taken into account with the clinical and biological context, contribute substantially to achieve the correct diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Veron Sanchez
- Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles, Institut Jules Bordet, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (I.B.)
| | | | | | - Ilias Bennouna
- Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles, Institut Jules Bordet, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (I.B.)
| | - Martina Pezzullo
- Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles, Hôpital Erasme, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Maria Antonietta Bali
- Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles, Institut Jules Bordet, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (I.B.)
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Huang SC, Lee JC, Hsu YC, Tsai JW, Kao YC, Hsieh TH, Chang YM, Chang KC, Wu PS, Chen PCH, Chen CH, Chang CD, Lee PH, Tai HC, Liu TT, Wen MC, Li WS, Yu SC, Wang JC, Huang HY. Extraskeletal Myxoid Chondrosarcomas: The Uncommon Clinicopathologic Manifestations and Significance of TAF15::NR4A3 Fusion. Mod Pathol 2023; 36:100161. [PMID: 36948401 DOI: 10.1016/j.modpat.2023.100161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
Extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma (EMC) is an ultrarare sarcoma typically exhibiting myxoid/reticular histology and NR4A3 translocation. However, morphologic variants and the relevance of non-EWSR1::NR4A3 fusions remain underexplored. Three challenging pan-Trk-expressing cases, featuring cellular to solid histology, were subjected to RNA exome sequencing (RES), unveiling different NR4A3-associated fusions. Alongside RES-analyzed cases, fluorescence in situ hybridization was performed to confirm 58 EMCs, with 48 available for pan-Trk immunostaining and KIT sequencing. Except for 1 (2%) NR4A3-rearranged EMC without identifiable partners, 46 (79%), 9 (16%), and 2 (3%) cases harbored EWSR1::NR4A3, TAF15::NR4A3, and TCF12::NR4A3 fusions, respectively. Five EWSR1::NR4A3-positive EMCs occurred in the subcutis (3) and bone (2). Besides 43 classical cases, there were 8 cellular, 4 rhabdoid/anaplastic, 2 solid, and 1 mixed tumor-like variants. Tumor cells were oval/spindle to pleomorphic and formed loose myxoid/reticular to compact sheet-like or fascicular patterns, imparting broad diagnostic considerations. RES showed upregulation of NTRK2/3, KIT, and INSM1. Moderate-to-strong immunoreactivities of pan-Trk, CD117, and INSM1 were present in 35.4%, 52.6%, and 54.6% of EMCs, respectively. KIT p. E554K mutation was detected in 2/48 cases. TAF15::NR4A3 was significantly associated with size >10 cm (78%, P = .025). Size >10 cm, moderate-to-severe nuclear pleomorphism, metastasis at presentation, TAF15::NR4A3 fusion, and the administration of chemotherapy portended shorter univariate disease-specific survival, whereas only size >10 cm (P = .004) and metastasis at presentation (P = .032) remained prognostically independent. Conclusively, EMC may manifest superficial or osseous lesions harboring EWSR1::NR4A3, underrecognized solid or anaplastic histology, and pan-Trk expression, posing tremendous challenges. Most TAF15::NR4A3-positive cases were >10 cm in size, ie, a crucial independent prognosticator, whereas pathogenic KIT mutation rarely occurred.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Chiang Huang
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Chieh Lee
- Department and Graduate Institute of Pathology, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yong-Chen Hsu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Wei Tsai
- Department of Pathology, E-DA Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chien Kao
- Department of Pathology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Han Hsieh
- Joint Biobank, Office of Human Research, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ming Chang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Pathology, Tri-service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City, Taiwan; Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Kung-Chao Chang
- Department of Pathology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Pao-Shu Wu
- Department of Pathology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Mackay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Chien-Heng Chen
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Di Chang
- Department of Radiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Hang Lee
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Chun Tai
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Ting Liu
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Chin Wen
- Division of Pathology, China Medical University Hsinchu Hospital, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Shan Li
- Department of Pathology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chen Yu
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Chu Wang
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan-Ying Huang
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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Li F, Wang S, Wang Y, Lv Z, Jin D, Yi H, Fu L, Zhai S, Xiao T, Mao Y. Multi-omics analysis unravels the underlying mechanisms of poor prognosis and differential therapeutic responses of solid predominant lung adenocarcinoma. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1101649. [PMID: 36845145 PMCID: PMC9946976 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1101649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Solid predominant adenocarcinoma (SPA) has been reported to be a subtype with poor prognosis and unsatisfactory response to chemotherapy and targeted therapy in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). However, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown and the suitability of immunotherapy for SPA has not been investigated. Methods We conducted a multi-omics analysis of 1078 untreated LUAD patients with clinicopathologic, genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic data from both public and internal cohorts to determine the underlying mechanisms of poor prognosis and differential therapeutic responses of SPA and to investigate the potential of immunotherapy for SPA. The suitability of immunotherapy for SPA was further confirmed in a cohort of LUAD patients who received neoadjuvant immunotherapy in our center. Results Along with its aggressive clinicopathologic behaviors, SPA had significantly higher tumor mutation burden (TMB) and number of pathways altered, lower TTF-1 and Napsin-A expression, higher proliferation score and a more immunoresistant microenvironment than non-solid predominant adenocarcinoma (Non-SPA), accounting for its worse prognosis. Additionally, SPA had significantly lower frequency of therapeutically targetable driver mutations and higher frequency of EGFR/TP53 co-mutation which was related to resistance to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors, indicating a lower potential for targeted therapy. Meanwhile, SPA was enriched for molecular features associated with poor response to chemotherapy (higher chemoresistence signature score, lower chemotherapy response signature score, hypoxic microenvironment, and higher frequency of TP53 mutation). Instead, muti-omics profiling revealed that SPA had stronger immunogenicity and was enriched for positive biomarkers for immunotherapy (higher TMB and T cell receptor diversity; higher PD-L1 expression and more immune cell infiltration; higher frequency of gene mutations predicting efficacious immunotherapy, and elevated expression of immunotherapy-related gene signatures). Furthermore, in the cohort of LUAD patients who received neoadjuvant immunotherapy, SPA had higher pathological regression rates than Non-SPA and patients with major pathological response were enriched in SPA, confirming that SPA was more prone to respond to immunotherapy. Conclusions Compared with Non-SPA, SPA was enriched for molecular features associated with poor prognosis, unsatisfactory response to chemotherapy and targeted therapy, and good response to immunotherapy, indicating more suitability for immunotherapy while less suitability for chemotherapy and targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shuaibo Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yaru Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuoheng Lv
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Donghui Jin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hang Yi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Li Fu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Suokai Zhai
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Zibo First Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Ting Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Ting Xiao, ; Yousheng Mao,
| | - Yousheng Mao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Ting Xiao, ; Yousheng Mao,
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9
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Khoury T, Rosa M, Nayak A, Karabakhtsian R, Fadare O, Li Z, Turner B, Fang Y, Kumarapeli A, Li X, Numbere N, Villatoro T, Wang JG, Sadeghi S, Attwood K, George A, Bhargava R. Clinicopathologic Predictors of Clinical Outcomes in Mammary Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma: A Multi-institutional Study. Mod Pathol 2023; 36:100006. [PMID: 36853781 PMCID: PMC10952059 DOI: 10.1016/j.modpat.2022.100006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Adenoid cystic carcinoma (AdCC) is an uncommon type of invasive breast carcinoma with a favorable prognosis. However, some cases are aggressive. The study aims to define the clinicopathologic predictors of outcome. Clinical, radiological, and pathologic variables were recorded for 76 AdCC cases from 11 institutions. The following histologic characteristics were evaluated by the breast pathologist in each respective institution, including Nottingham grade (NG), percentages of various growth patterns (solid, cribriform, trabecular-tubular), percentage of basaloid component, tumor borders (pushing, infiltrative), perineural invasion, lymphovascular invasion, necrosis, and distance from the closest margin. Various grading systems were evaluated, including NG, salivary gland-type grading systems, and a new proposed grading system. The new grading system incorporated the growth pattern (percent solid, percent cribriform), percent basaloid morphology, and mitotic count using the Youden index criterion. All variables were correlated with recurrence-free survival. Nineteen (25%) women developed local and/or distant recurrence. Basaloid morphology (≥25% of the tumor) was identified in 20 (26.3%) cases and a solid growth pattern (using ≥60% cutoff) in 22 (28.9%) cases. In the univariate analysis, the following variables were significantly correlated with worse recurrence-free survival: solid growth pattern, basaloid morphology, lymphovascular invasion, necrosis, perineural invasion, and pN-stage. In the multivariate analysis including basaloid morphology, pN-stage, lymphovascular invasion, and perineural invasion, basaloid morphology was statistically significant, with a hazard ratio of 3.872 (95% CI, 1.077; 13.924; P =.038). The NG and the new grading system both correlated with recurrence-free survival. However, grade 2 had a similar risk as grade 3 in the NG system and a similar risk as grade 1 in the new grading system. For solid growth patterns and basaloid morphology, using a 2-tier system with 1 cutoff was better than a 3-tier system with 2 cutoffs. Basaloid morphology and solid growth pattern have prognostic values for AdCC, with a 2-tier grading system performing better than a 3-tier system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaer Khoury
- Department of Pathology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York.
| | - Marilin Rosa
- Department of Pathology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Anupma Nayak
- Department of Pathology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Rouzan Karabakhtsian
- Department of Pathology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Oluwole Fadare
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego Health, La Jolla, California
| | - Zaibo Li
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Bradley Turner
- Department of Pathology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York
| | - Yisheng Fang
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas
| | - Asangi Kumarapeli
- Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Xiaoxian Li
- Department of Pathology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Numbereye Numbere
- Department of Pathology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York
| | - Tatiana Villatoro
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Magee-Women Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Ji-Gang Wang
- Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Saed Sadeghi
- Department of Pathology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Kristopher Attwood
- Department of Biostatistics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York
| | - Anthony George
- Department of Biostatistics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York
| | - Rohit Bhargava
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Magee-Women Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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10
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Jeon HW, Kim YD, Sim SB, Moon MH. Comparison of clinical results between high grade patterns in stage I lung adenocarcinoma. Thorac Cancer 2022; 13:2473-2479. [PMID: 35820717 PMCID: PMC9436686 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.14578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The histological subtype has been introduced in invasive lung adenocarcinoma. The predominant micropapillary and solid subtypes are categorized as high‐grade patterns and provide a worse prognosis. However, the prognostic analysis of high‐grade patterns has not previously been fully investigated. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the prognostic role of high‐grade patterns in pathological stage I lung adenocarcinoma. Methods Patients with stage I lung adenocarcinoma and micropapillary or solid components were reviewed. Clinicopathological features and clinical course were compared in these subtypes, and prognostic factors were analyzed in high‐grade patterns. Results The patients were classified into five groups based on the presence of micropapillary or solid subtypes, namely, micropapillary predominant, solid predominant, both nonpredominant subtypes, only minor micropapillary subtype, and only minor solid subtype present. Disease‐free interval was significantly different, and the micropapillary predominant group showed worse disease‐free interval (p = 0.001). Contrastingly, the solid predominant group showed significantly worse overall survival among high‐grade patterns (p = 0.035). The multivariate analysis revealed an association between smoking, micropapillary predominant, blood vessel invasion, and visceral pleural invasion with recurrence and more association between solid predominant and visceral pleural invasion with overall survival. Conclusions Clinical results were different in stage I high‐grade adenocarcinoma. The predominant micropapillary subtype is the independent prognostic factor for recurrence. However, the solid subtype is the significant factor for overall survival. Furthermore, the predominant subtype is the most valuable and independent prognostic factor for predicting recurrence or survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Woo Jeon
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Du Kim
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Bo Sim
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Hyoung Moon
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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11
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An W, Zhang H, Wang B, Zhong F, Wang S, Liao M. Comparison of CT-Guided Core Needle Biopsy in Pulmonary Ground-Glass and Solid Nodules Based on Propensity Score Matching Analysis. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2022; 21:15330338221085357. [PMID: 35297696 PMCID: PMC8935414 DOI: 10.1177/15330338221085357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To compare the diagnostic accuracy and safety of computed tomography (CT)-guided core needle biopsy (CNB) between pulmonary ground-glass and solid nodules using propensity score matching (PSM) method and determine the relevant risk factors. Methods: This was a single-center retrospective cohort study using data from 665 patients who underwent CT-guided CNB of pulmonary nodules in our hospital between May 2019 and May 2021, including 39 ground-glass nodules (GGNs) and 626 solid nodules. We used a 1:4 PSM analysis to compared the diagnostic yields and complications rates of CT-guided CNB between 2 groups. Results: After PSM, 170 cases involved in the comparison (34 GGNs vs 136 solid nodules) were randomly matched (1:4) by patient demographics, clinical history, lesion characteristics, and procedure-related factors. There was no statistically significant difference in the diagnostic yields and complications rates between 2 groups. Significant pneumothorax incidence increase was noted at small lesion size, deep lesion location, and traversing interlobar fissure (P < .05). Post-biopsy hemorrhage was a protective factor for pneumothorax (P < .05). The size/proportion of consolidation of GGN did not influence the diagnostic accuracy and complication incidence (P > .05). Conclusions: The accuracy and safety of CT-guided CNB were comparable for ground-glass and solid nodules and the size/proportion of consolidation of GGN may be not a relevant risk factor. The biopsy should avoid traversing interlobar fissure as far as possible. Smaller lesion size and deeper lesion location may lead to higher pneumothorax rate and post-biopsy hemorrhage may be a protective factor for pneumothorax.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting An
- 89674Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hanfei Zhang
- 89674Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Binchen Wang
- 89674Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Feiyang Zhong
- 89674Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shan Wang
- 89674Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Meiyan Liao
- 89674Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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12
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Sun K, Chen S, Zhao J, Wang B, Yang Y, Wang Y, Wu C, Sun X. Convolutional Neural Network-Based Diagnostic Model for a Solid, Indeterminate Solitary Pulmonary Nodule or Mass on Computed Tomography. Front Oncol 2021; 11:792062. [PMID: 34993146 PMCID: PMC8724915 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.792062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To establish a non-invasive diagnostic model based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to distinguish benign from malignant lesions manifesting as a solid, indeterminate solitary pulmonary nodule (SPN) or mass (SPM) on computed tomography (CT). METHOD A total of 459 patients with solid indeterminate SPNs/SPMs on CT were ultimately included in this retrospective study and assigned to the train (n=366), validation (n=46), and test (n=47) sets. Histopathologic analysis was available for each patient. An end-to-end CNN model was proposed to predict the natural history of solid indeterminate SPN/SPMs on CT. Receiver operating characteristic curves were plotted to evaluate the predictive performance of the proposed CNN model. The accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of diagnoses by radiologists alone were compared with those of diagnoses by radiologists by using the CNN model to assess its clinical utility. RESULTS For the CNN model, the AUC was 91% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.83-0.99) in the test set. The diagnostic accuracy of radiologists with the CNN model was significantly higher than that without the model (89 vs. 66%, P<0.01; 87 vs. 61%, P<0.01; 85 vs. 66%, P=0.03, in the train, validation, and test sets, respectively). In addition, while there was a slight increase in sensitivity, the specificity improved significantly by an average of 42% (the corresponding improvements in the three sets ranged from 43, 33, and 42% to 82, 78, and 84%, respectively; P<0.01 for all). CONCLUSION The CNN model could be a valuable tool in non-invasively differentiating benign from malignant lesions manifesting as solid, indeterminate SPNs/SPMs on CT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Sun
- Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shouyu Chen
- Department of Computer Science and Technology, College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiabi Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yin Wang
- Department of Computer Science and Technology, College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunyan Wu
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiwen Sun
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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13
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Huang W, Zhang H, Zhang Z, Zhang B, Sun X, Huo Y, Feng Y, Tian P, Mo H, Wang C. A prognostic nomogram based on a new classification of combined micropapillary and solid components for stage IA invasive lung adenocarcinoma. J Surg Oncol 2021; 125:796-808. [PMID: 34862621 DOI: 10.1002/jso.26760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to develop a prognostic nomogram based on a new classification of combined micropapillary and solid components in pathological stage IA invasive lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). METHODS According to the total proportion of solid and micropapillary components (TPSM), the X-tile software was applied to classify patients into the following three groups: TPSM-low (TPSM-L), TPSM-middle (TPSM-M), and TPSM-high (TPSM-H). The postoperative survival was compared among the three groups. The multivariate Cox regression analysis was performed to identify independent prognostic factors for survival. According to these factors, a nomogram model was developed to provide a personalized prognostic evaluation. RESULTS A total of 595 patients with pathological stage IA invasive LUAD were included in our study. The 5-year disease-free survival and overall survival rates in patients with TPSM-H and TPSM-M were significantly lower than those with TPSM-L. The multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that the TPSM classification was an independent prognostic factor for survival. According to TPSM classification, we developed a nomogram model which had good calibration and reliable discrimination ability to evaluate survival. CONCLUSIONS The nomogram based on the combination of micropapillary and solid components has good prognostic value in predicting postoperative recurrence and survival of patients with pathological stage IA invasive LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuhao Huang
- Department of Lung Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Lung Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhiwei Zhang
- Department of Lung Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fifth Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Lung Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoyan Sun
- Department of Lung Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Yansong Huo
- Department of Lung Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Yingnan Feng
- Department of Lung Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Pengfei Tian
- Department of Lung Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Huilan Mo
- Department of Lung Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Changli Wang
- Department of Lung Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
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14
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Böckmann A, Martin R, McDermott AE, Meier BH, Pastore A, Zuiderweg ERP. Hommage to Richard R. Ernst. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:769772. [PMID: 34746241 PMCID: PMC8569789 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.769772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anja Böckmann
- Molecular Microbiology and Structural Biochemistry, UMR 5086 CNRS, Lyon University, Lyon, France
| | - Rachel Martin
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States.,Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Ann E McDermott
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Beat H Meier
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Erik R P Zuiderweg
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Faculty of Science, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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15
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Janssen S, Overhoff D, Froelich MF, Schoenberg SO, Rathmann N. Detectability of Lung Nodules in Ultra-low Dose CT. Anticancer Res 2021; 41:5053-5058. [PMID: 34593454 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.15320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Investigation of the influence of different ultra-low dose computed tomography (ULDCT) protocols on the detection of solid and subsolid nodules in a phantom study. PATIENTS AND METHODS A chest phantom with pulmonary nodules was scanned with different CT protocols ranging from ultra-low dose settings with spectral shaping to a standard low dose lung cancer screening protocol. Image analysis was performed with different reconstruction algorithms and dedicated computer aided detection (CAD), which was compared to manual readout. RESULTS The highest sensitivity rates (83%) were achieved for the 90 mAs and 120 mAs protocols when reconstructed with ADMIRE 3 or 5 and manual readout. The only statistically significant difference was found for subsolid nodules with preference of manual readout compared to CAD (p<0.05). Dose levels for the mAs settings ranged from 0.029 to 0.2 mSv. CONCLUSION Reliable detectability rates for solid nodules were achieved; CAD software did not prove reliable for subsolid nodules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Janssen
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Daniel Overhoff
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Matthias F Froelich
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Stefan O Schoenberg
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Nils Rathmann
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
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16
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Antonarelli G, Giugliano F, Corti C, Repetto M, Tarantino P, Curigliano G. Research and Clinical Landscape of Bispecific Antibodies for the Treatment of Solid Malignancies. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:884. [PMID: 34577584 PMCID: PMC8468026 DOI: 10.3390/ph14090884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Solid tumors adopt multiple mechanisms to grow, evade immune responses, and to withstand therapeutic approaches. A major breakthrough in the armamentarium of anti-cancer agents has been the introduction of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), able to inhibit aberrantly activated pathways and/or to unleash antigen (Ag)-specific immune responses. Nonetheless, mAb-mediated targeted pressure often fails due to escape mechanisms, mainly Ag loss/downregulation, ultimately providing therapy resistance. Hence, in order to target multiple Ag at the same time, and to facilitate cancer-immune cells interactions, bispecific antibodies (bsAbs) have been developed and are being tested in clinical trials, yielding variable safety/efficacy results based on target selection and their structure. While in hematologic cancers the bsAb blinatumomab recently reached the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approval for B Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, bsAbs use in solid tumors faces considerable challenges, such as target Ag selection, biodistribution, and the presence of an immune-suppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). This review will focus on the state-of-the art, the design, and the exploitation of bsAbs against solid malignancies, delineating their mechanisms of action, major pitfalls, and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Antonarelli
- Division of Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapy, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy; (G.A.); (F.G.); (C.C.); (M.R.); (P.T.)
- Department of Oncology and Haematology (DIPO), University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Giugliano
- Division of Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapy, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy; (G.A.); (F.G.); (C.C.); (M.R.); (P.T.)
- Department of Oncology and Haematology (DIPO), University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Corti
- Division of Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapy, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy; (G.A.); (F.G.); (C.C.); (M.R.); (P.T.)
- Department of Oncology and Haematology (DIPO), University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Repetto
- Division of Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapy, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy; (G.A.); (F.G.); (C.C.); (M.R.); (P.T.)
- Department of Oncology and Haematology (DIPO), University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Tarantino
- Division of Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapy, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy; (G.A.); (F.G.); (C.C.); (M.R.); (P.T.)
- Department of Oncology and Haematology (DIPO), University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Curigliano
- Division of Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapy, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy; (G.A.); (F.G.); (C.C.); (M.R.); (P.T.)
- Department of Oncology and Haematology (DIPO), University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
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Abstract
With the ever increasing trend of using cross-section imaging in today's era, incidental detection of small solid renal masses has dramatically multiplied. Coincidentally, the number of asymptomatic benign lesions being detected has also increased. The role of radiologists is not only to identify these lesions, but also go a one step further and accurately characterize various renal masses. Earlier detection of small renal cell carcinomas means identifying at the initial stage which has an impact on prognosis, patient management and healthcare costs. In this review article we share our experience with the typical and atypical solid renal masses encountered in adults in routine daily practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh Kumar Mittal
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Binit Sureka
- Department of Radiology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
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18
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Christgen M, Cserni G, Floris G, Marchio C, Djerroudi L, Kreipe H, Derksen PWB, Vincent-Salomon A. Lobular Breast Cancer: Histomorphology and Different Concepts of a Special Spectrum of Tumors. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3695. [PMID: 34359596 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13153695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Invasive lobular breast cancer (ILC) is a special type of breast cancer (BC) that was first described in 1941. The diagnosis of ILC is made by microscopy of tumor specimens, which reveals a distinct morphology. This review recapitulates the developments in the microscopic assessment of ILC from 1941 until today. We discuss different concepts of ILC, provide an overview on ILC variants, and highlight advances which have contributed to a better understanding of ILC as a special histologic spectrum of tumors. Abstract Invasive lobular breast cancer (ILC) is the most common special histological type of breast cancer (BC). This review recapitulates developments in the histomorphologic assessment of ILC from its beginnings with the seminal work of Foote and Stewart, which was published in 1941, until today. We discuss different concepts of ILC and their implications. These concepts include (i) BC arising from mammary lobules, (ii) BC growing in dissociated cells and single files, and (iii) BC defined as a morpho-molecular spectrum of tumors with distinct histological and molecular characteristics related to impaired cell adhesion. This review also provides a comprehensive overview of ILC variants, their histomorphology, and differential diagnosis. Furthermore, this review highlights recent advances which have contributed to a better understanding of the histomorphology of ILC, such as the role of the basal lamina component laminin, the molecular specificities of triple-negative ILC, and E-cadherin to P-cadherin expression switching as the molecular determinant of tubular elements in CDH1-deficient ILC. Last but not least, we provide a detailed account of the tumor microenvironment in ILC, including tumor infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) levels, which are comparatively low in ILC compared to other BCs, but correlate with clinical outcome. The distinct histomorphology of ILC clearly reflects a special tumor biology. In the clinic, special treatment strategies have been established for triple-negative, HER2-positive, and ER-positive BC. Treatment specialization for patients diagnosed with ILC is just in its beginnings. Accordingly, ILC deserves greater attention as a special tumor entity in BC diagnostics, patient care, and cancer research.
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Yu X, Dong Z, Wang W, Mao S, Pan Y, Liu Y, Yang S, Chen B, Wang C, Li X, Zhao C, Jia K, Shao C, Wu C, Ren S, Zhou C. Adenocarcinoma of High-Grade Patterns Associated with Distinct Outcome of First-Line Chemotherapy or EGFR-TKIs in Patients of Relapsed Lung Cancer. Cancer Manag Res 2021; 13:3981-3990. [PMID: 34040439 PMCID: PMC8139732 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s302545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose High-grade patterns (micropapillary/solid/complex gland) are associated with a higher recurrence rate and shorter disease-free survival. Thus far, it remains unclear whether the efficacy of first-line anticancer therapy is different from that of the other adenocarcinoma subgroups for patients with high-grade patterns. The study aimed to investigate the association between an adenocarcinoma with high-grade patterns with the outcomes of first-line treatment in patients with lung cancer. Patients and Methods Patients with a high-grade pattern adenocarcinoma (more than 20% of micropapillary/solid components/complex glandular patterns) were retrospectively analyzed between June 2015 and June 2017. Patients’ clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes were compared with those of the remaining control adenocarcinoma subgroups. Results In total, 239 patients with adenocarcinoma, including 115 (48.1%) high-grade patterns and 124 (51.9%) control groups, were enrolled. Patients’ clinical characteristics such as age, sex, smoking status, and stage were similar between the two groups. Among them, 108 patients received first-line chemotherapy, and 131 received epidermal growth factor receptor–tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs). In the chemotherapy group, adenocarcinoma of high-grade patterns had a significantly lower objective response rate (ORR; 15.6% vs 36.4%, P=0.045), shorter progression-free survival (PFS; median 4.1 vs 5.4 months, P=0.007) and overall survival (OS, median 19.6 vs 23.8 months, P=0.048) compared with the control group. As for these treated with EGFR-TKIs, a similar ORR (70.7% vs 72.1%, P=0.703), PFS (median 11.3 vs 13.9 months, P=0.065) and OS (median 34.1 vs 29.6%, p=0.575) were observed between these two groups. Conclusion An adenocarcinoma with high-grade patterns is associated with inferior outcomes to first-line chemotherapy in relapsed lung cancer. Patients who received chemotherapy had a significantly shorter PFS and OS and lower ORR than control subjects, while there was no difference in the EGFR-TKI cohort. This study is the first to report the distribution of adenocarcinoma with high-grade patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Yu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengwei Dong
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanying Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiqi Mao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingying Pan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiwei Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuo Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyan Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuefei Li
- Department of Lung Cancer and Immunology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Zhao
- Department of Lung Cancer and Immunology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Keyi Jia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuchu Shao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyan Wu
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengxiang Ren
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Caicun Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
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20
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Mohd Said MR, Wong Z, Abdul Rani R, Ngiu CS, Raja Ali RA, Lee YY. The effects of different postures and provocative swallow materials on the normative Chicago 3.0 metrics in a healthy Asian population. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 36:1244-1252. [PMID: 33002243 PMCID: PMC8246748 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.15284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Variations in the Chicago 3.0 normative metrics may exist with different postures and with different provocative swallow materials in a healthy Asian population. METHOD Eligible healthy Malay volunteers were invited to undergo the high-resolution esophageal manometry (inSIGHT Ultima, Diversatek Healthcare, Milwaukee, WI, USA). In recumbent and standing positions, test swallows were performed using liquid, viscous, and solid materials. Metrics including integrated relaxation pressure 4 s (IRP-4 s, mmHg), distal contractile integral (DCI, mmHg s cm), distal latency (DL, s), and peristaltic break (PB, cm) were reported in median and 95th percentile. RESULTS Fifty of 57 screened participants were recruited, and 586 saline, 265 viscous, and 261 solid swallows were analyzed. Per-patient wise, in the recumbent position, 95th percentile for IRP-4 s, DCI, DL, and PB were 16.5 mmHg, 2431 mmHg s cm, 8.5 s, and 7.2 cm, respectively. We observed that with each posture, the use of viscous swallows led to changes in DL, but the use of solid swallows led to more changes in the metrics including DCI and length of PB. Compared with a recumbent posture, anupright posture led to lower IRP-4 s and DCI values. Both per-patient analysis and per-swallow analyses yielded almost similar results when comparing the different postures and types of swallows. No major motility disorders were observed in this cohort of asymptomatic population. However, more motility disorders were reported in the upright position. CONCLUSIONS Variations in metrics can be observed in different postures and with different provocative swallow materials in a healthy population. The normative Chicago 3.0 metrics are also determined for the Malay population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zhiqin Wong
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of MedicineUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaKuala LumpurMalaysia,Gut Research Group, Faculty of MedicineUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaKuala LumpurMalaysia
| | - Rafiz Abdul Rani
- Gastroenterology UnitMARA University of TechnologyShah AlamMalaysia
| | - Chai Soon Ngiu
- Digestive and Endoscopy CenterCardiac Vascular Sentral Kuala LumpurKuala LumpurMalaysia
| | - Raja Affendi Raja Ali
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of MedicineUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaKuala LumpurMalaysia,Gut Research Group, Faculty of MedicineUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaKuala LumpurMalaysia
| | - Yeong Yeh Lee
- Gut Research Group, Faculty of MedicineUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaKuala LumpurMalaysia,School of Medical SciencesUniversity of Science MalaysiaKota BharuMalaysia
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21
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Komuczki D, Dutra G, Gstöttner C, Dominguez-Vega E, Jungbauer A, Satzer P. Media on-demand: Continuous reconstitution of a chemically defined media directly from solids. Biotechnol Bioeng 2021; 118:3382-3394. [PMID: 33656168 PMCID: PMC8451748 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Chemically defined media are reconstituted batchwise and stored in hold tanks until use. To avoid large hold tanks and batchwise production of media, we developed continuous on‐demand reconstitutions directly from solids consisting of a hopper and a screw conveyor capable of feeding dry powdered media with the required precision ±5% at low dosing rates of 0.171 g min−1. A commercially available dry powdered cell culture medium was continuously fed over a duration of 12 h into a mixer which was connected to a UV‐cell for monitoring and the media were compared to a batchwise production. A comparable amino acid, carbohydrate, and osmolality profile to a batchwise reconstitution could be obtained. Cell cultivation showed comparable performance of batch and continuous reconstitution for two CHO cell lines producing the antibodies adalimumab and trastuzumab on a small and benchtop scale. In‐depth analysis of the produced antibodies showed the same glycosylation pattern, other posttranslational profiles such as methionine oxidation and deamidation compared to batchwise reconstitution. Therefore, we conclude a continuous reconstitution of the medium results in the same quality of the product. A continuous on‐demand media reconstitution will impact the supply chain and significantly reduce the floor space necessary for preparation and storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Komuczki
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Bioprocess Science and Engineering, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gregory Dutra
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Bioprocess Science and Engineering, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Gstöttner
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Elena Dominguez-Vega
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Alois Jungbauer
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Bioprocess Science and Engineering, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria.,Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Satzer
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Bioprocess Science and Engineering, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria.,Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Vienna, Austria
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22
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Abstract
Tumor lysis syndrome, an oncological emergency, is characterized by laboratory parameters such as hyperuricemia, hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia, and hypocalcemia, as well as renal injury with an elevated creatinine. Tumor lysis syndrome is seen in patients with aggressive malignancies and high tumor burden. More frequently, it occurs in individuals with hematologic malignancies such as high-grade lymphomas (such as Burkitt lymphoma) and leukemia (such as acute lymphocytic leukemia). It also, albeit less commonly, can be seen in patients with widespread solid tumors that are rapidly proliferating and are markedly sensitivity to antineoplastic therapy. Tumor lysis syndrome is usually preceded by cancer-directed therapy; however, the syndrome can present spontaneously prior to the individual receiving malignancy-directed treatment. We reported a man with metastatic salivary duct carcinoma who had cutaneous metastases that presented as carcinoma hemorrhagiectoides. Microscopic examination demonstrated that the metastatic tumor cells had infiltrated and replaced the entire dermis. After the patient received his first dose of antineoplastic therapy, he had an excellent response and the cutaneous metastases developed into ulcers; we hypothesize that most of the dermis, which had been replaced by tumor cells, disappeared as a result of the therapeutic response, and the overlying epidermis became necrotic and shed, leaving an ulcer. His dramatic response to treatment prompted us to propose a new classification of tumor lysis syndrome, which should include the systemic form of the condition as well as the new variant: cutaneous tumor lysis syndrome. We anticipate that, with improvement in targeted therapies, there may be an increase in therapy-associated cutaneous tumor lysis syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip R Cohen
- Dermatology, San Diego Family Dermatology, National City, USA
| | | | - Razelle Kurzrock
- Center for Personalized Cancer Therapy, University of California San Diego Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, USA
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23
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Bhogal T, Khan UT, Lee R, Stockdale A, Hesford C, Potti-Dhananjaya V, Jathanna A, Rahman S, Tivey A, Shotton R, Sundar R, Valerio C, Norouzi A, Walker P, Suckling R, Armstrong A, Brearton G, Pettitt A, Kalakonda N, Palmer DH, Jackson R, Turtle L, Palmieri C. Haematological malignancy and nosocomial transmission are associated with an increased risk of death from COVID-19: results of a multi-center UK cohort. Leuk Lymphoma 2021; 62:1682-1691. [PMID: 33508995 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2021.1876865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has been a disruptive event for cancer patients, especially those with haematological malignancies (HM). They may experience a more severe clinical course due to impaired immune responses. This multi-center retrospective UK audit identified cancer patients who had SARS-CoV-2 infection between 1 March and 10 June 2020 and collected data pertaining to cancer history, COVID-19 presentation and outcomes. In total, 179 patients were identified with a median age of 72 (IQR 61, 81) and follow-up of 44 days (IQR 42, 45). Forty-one percent were female and the overall mortality was 37%. Twenty-nine percent had HM and of these, those treated with chemotherapy in the preceding 28 days to COVID-19 diagnosis had worse outcome compared with solid malignancy (SM): 62% versus 19% died [HR 8.33 (95% CI, 2.56-25), p < 0.001]. Definite or probable nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 transmission accounted for 16% of cases and was associated with increased risk of death (HR 2.47, 95% CI 1.43-4.29, p = 0.001). Patients with haematological malignancies and those who acquire nosocomial transmission are at increased risk of death. Therefore, there is an urgent need to reassess shielding advice, reinforce stringent infection control, and ensure regular patient and staff testing to prevent nosocomial transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talvinder Bhogal
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.,The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - Umair T Khan
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.,The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - Rebecca Lee
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.,The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Alexander Stockdale
- Tropical and Infectious Disease Unit, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (Member of Liverpool Health Partners), Liverpool, UK
| | | | | | - Avith Jathanna
- Wrightington, Wigan and Leigh NHS Foundation Trust, Wigan, UK
| | - Shaun Rahman
- IC1 Liverpool Science Park, North West Coast Clinical Research Network, Liverpool, UK
| | - Ann Tivey
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Rohan Shotton
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Ram Sundar
- Wrightington, Wigan and Leigh NHS Foundation Trust, Wigan, UK
| | | | - Amir Norouzi
- Wirral University Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Wirral, UK
| | - Philip Walker
- IC1 Liverpool Science Park, North West Coast Clinical Research Network, Liverpool, UK
| | - Ruth Suckling
- Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - Anne Armstrong
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.,The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Gillian Brearton
- The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - Andrew Pettitt
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.,The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - Nagesh Kalakonda
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.,The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - Daniel H Palmer
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.,The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - Richard Jackson
- Liverpool Clinical Trials Centre, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Lance Turtle
- Tropical and Infectious Disease Unit, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (Member of Liverpool Health Partners), Liverpool, UK.,NIHR Health Protection Unit in Emerging and Zoonotic infections, Institute for Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, UK
| | - Carlo Palmieri
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.,The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
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24
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Pilch NA, Bowman LJ, Taber DJ. Immunosuppression trends in solid organ transplantation: The future of individualization, monitoring, and management. Pharmacotherapy 2020; 41:119-131. [PMID: 33131123 DOI: 10.1002/phar.2481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Immunosuppression regimens used in solid organ transplant have evolved significantly over the past 70 years in the United States. Early immunosuppression and targets for allograft success were measured by incidence and severity of allograft rejection and 1-year patient survival. The limited number of agents, infancy of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) matching techniques and lack of understanding of immunoreactivity limited the early development of effective regimens. The 1980s and 1990s saw incredible advancements in these areas, with acute rejection rates halving in a short span of time. However, the constant struggle to achieve the optimal balance between under- and overimmunosuppression is weaved throughout the history of transplant immunosuppression. The aim of this paper is to discuss the different eras of immunosuppression and highlight the important milestones that were achieved while also discussing this in the context of rational agent selection and regimen design. This discussion sets the stage for how we can achieve optimal long-term outcomes during the next era of immunosuppression, which will move from universal protocols to patient-specific optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole A Pilch
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Outcomes Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Lyndsey J Bowman
- Department of Pharmacy, Tampa General Hospital, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - David J Taber
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA.,Department of Pharmacy Services, Ralph H. Johnson VAMC, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
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25
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Han J, Oh YL, Kim JS. Co-Occurrence of Hotspot Point Mutation and Novel Deletion Mutation of TERT Promoter in Solid Variant Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma in a Patient with Synchronous Esophageal Cancer. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 11:E4. [PMID: 33375021 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Introduction: Telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) promoter mutations are associated with unfavorable clinical outcomes in papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs). Two substitution mutations, C228T (c.1-124C>T) and C250T (c.1-146C>T), make up most of the mutations and occur in a mutually exclusive manner. (2) Case presentation: A 72-year-old man was initially referred to a tertiary hospital for treatment of esophageal cancer. Preoperative imaging revealed a 3.2 cm thyroid nodule pathologically diagnosed as PTC on needle biopsy. The patient underwent thyroid lobectomy with esophagectomy and was finally diagnosed with synchronous solid variant PTC (SVPTC) and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Sanger sequencing using DNA from the thyroid tumor showed an indel mutation, c.1-132_1-124delinsT, composed of a deletion (c.1-132_1-125del) as well as a hotspot mutation (c.1-124C>T(C228T)) in the TERT promoter. (3) Conclusions: This is the first report of PTC harboring a novel deletion along with a hotspot mutation in the TERT promoter in a patient with synchronous esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
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26
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Choi SH, Jeong JY, Lee SY, Shin KM, Jeong SY, Park TI, Do YW, Lee EB, Seok Y, Lee WK, Park JE, Park S, Lee YH, Seo H, Yoo SS, Lee J, Cha SI, Kim CH, Park JY. Clinical implication of minimal presence of solid or micropapillary subtype in early-stage lung adenocarcinoma. Thorac Cancer 2020; 12:235-244. [PMID: 33231358 PMCID: PMC7812076 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.13754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We investigated the clinical features and surgical outcomes of lung adenocarcinoma with minimal solid or micropapillary (S/MP) components, with a focus on stage IA. METHODS We enrolled 506 patients with lung adenocarcinoma who underwent curative resection in this study. Clinical features and surgical outcomes were compared between the groups with and without the S/MP subtype (S/MP+ and S/MP-, respectively), and between the group with an S/MP proportion of ≤5% (S/MP5) and the S/MP-. RESULTS The S/MP subtype was present in 247 patients (48.8%); 129 (25.5%) were grouped as the S/MP5 group. The S/MP+ and S/MP5 groups had larger tumors, higher frequency of lymph node metastasis, and more advanced stages of disease than the S/MP- group (P < 0.001, all comparisons). Pleural, lymphatic, and vascular invasions occurred more frequently in the S/MP+ and S/MP5 groups (P < 0.001, all comparisons for S/MP+ vs. S/MP-; P ≤ 0.01, all comparisons for S/MP5 vs. S/MP-). The S/MP+ and S/MP5 groups showed a shorter time to recurrence and cancer-related death than the S/MP- group(P < 0.001, both comparisons). For stage I, the presence or absence of the S/MP subtype defined prognostic subgroups better than the stage IA/IB classification. Notably, in the multivariate analysis, the minimal S/MP component was a significant predictor of recurrence, even in stage IA. CONCLUSIONS The presence of the minimal S/MP component was a significant predictor of poor prognosis after surgery, even in stage IA patients. Clinical trials to evaluate the advantages of adjuvant chemotherapy for this subset of patients and further investigations to understand underlying biological mechanisms of poor prognosis are needed. KEY POINTS Significant findings of the study: We demonstrated that only minimal presence of solid or micropapillary component was profoundly associated with aggressive clinicopathological features and poor prognosis after complete resection even in stage IA lung adenocarcinoma. WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS Our results suggest that minimal presence of these subtypes is a strong prognostic factor which should be taken into account in the risk assessment for adjuvant chemotherapy in lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Ha Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.,Lung Cancer Center, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Ji Yun Jeong
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Shin Yup Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.,Lung Cancer Center, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Korea.,Vessel-Organ Interaction Research Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Kyung Min Shin
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Shin Young Jeong
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Tae-In Park
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Young Woo Do
- Lung Cancer Center, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Korea.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Eung Bae Lee
- Lung Cancer Center, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Korea.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Yangki Seok
- Lung Cancer Center, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Korea.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Gumi Hospital, Gumi, Korea
| | - Won Kee Lee
- Medical Research Collaboration Center in Kyungpook National University Hospital and School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Ji Eun Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sunji Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Yong Hoon Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hyewon Seo
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Seung Soo Yoo
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.,Lung Cancer Center, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jaehee Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Seung-Ick Cha
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Chang Ho Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jae Yong Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.,Lung Cancer Center, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Korea
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27
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Myers C, McCartney D, Desbrow B, Khalesi S, Irwin C. Consumption of a smoothie or cereal-based breakfast: impact on thirst, hunger, appetite and subsequent dietary intake. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2020; 72:123-133. [PMID: 32423255 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2020.1767041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Smoothies are a popular breakfast option. However, liquids may evoke weaker satiation than nutritionally comparable semi-solid and solid foods. This study examined consumption of cereal and milk (CM) or a nutritionally comparable fruit smoothie (FS) for breakfast on subsequent dietary behaviours, in a controlled laboratory setting. Twenty-five participants (age 25 ± 6 y) completed three trials, receiving either CM or FS for breakfast. Afterwards, participants remained isolated for 4 h with ad libitum access to foods/beverages. A repeat trial (CM or FS) allowed exploration of normal variability. Post-breakfast energy intake (EI) (CM = 1465(2436) vs. FS = 1787(3190) kJ, Median (IQR), p = 0.099), time to intake of next food/fluid (meal latency) (CM = 146(97) vs. FS = 180(100) min, p = 0.127), and subjective hunger, desire to eat, fullness and thirst ratings were similar between conditions (p's > 0.05). The mean coefficient of variation for EI and meal latency were 41% and 21%, respectively. Consumption of a FS does not negatively impact acute EI and meal latency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney Myers
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Danielle McCartney
- Faculty of Science, School of Psychology, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Ben Desbrow
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Saman Khalesi
- Appleton Institute and School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Christopher Irwin
- School of Allied Health Sciences and Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
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28
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Hashimoto H, Matsumoto J, Murakami M, Hiyama N, Yamaguchi H, Kusakabe M, Horiuchi H, Morikawa T. Progressively increasing density of the solid center of a ground-glass nodule in a solitary pulmonary capillary hemangioma: A case report. Pathol Int 2020; 70:568-573. [PMID: 32372500 DOI: 10.1111/pin.12945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Solitary pulmonary capillary hemangiomas (SPCHs) are recently recognized, rare benign lesions that form solitary nodules owing to capillary proliferation. These lesions are usually detected incidentally as small ground-glass nodules (GGNs) on computed tomography (CT), and progressively enlarge over time. The radiological distinction from peripheral lung cancers is particularly challenging. However, to date, there have been no reports on progressive changes in the central density of SPCH on CT. An asymptomatic 49-year-old man was referred to our hospital for an abnormal shadow that was detected on chest CT during medical check-up. He was subsequently followed-up with chest CT. The nodule increased in size, and the central area became progressively denser. He underwent surgery 5 years and 10 months after the first visit owing to suspicion of lung cancer. Despite the collapse of the surgical specimen by artifacts, histopathological examination revealed a diagnosis of SPCH; collagenous fibers were found in the walls of the intralesional capillaries. The patient is presently alive without any recurrence, 6 months after the operation. In this case, the SPCH demonstrated a GGN with progressively increasing density of the central solid area on the CT. This remarkable feature made the preoperative distinction from lung cancer particularly difficult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirotsugu Hashimoto
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, NTT Medical Center Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Faculty of Healthcare, Tokyo Healthcare University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Matsumoto
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, NTT Medical Center Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mizuho Murakami
- Department of Radiology, NTT Medical Center Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noriko Hiyama
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, NTT Medical Center Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Yamaguchi
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, NTT Medical Center Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Hajime Horiuchi
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, NTT Medical Center Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Teppei Morikawa
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, NTT Medical Center Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Faculty of Healthcare, Tokyo Healthcare University, Tokyo, Japan
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29
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Guo J, Liu Y, Tian X, Ren Z, Lin J, Wang B, Liang C. Less is more in solid-dominant lung cancer? Sublobar resection versus lobectomy for solid-dominant stage IA non-small-cell lung cancer: A meta-analysis study. Mol Clin Oncol 2019; 11:465-473. [PMID: 31620277 PMCID: PMC6788015 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2019.1914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Although lobectomy is well established as the standard surgical procedure for stage IA non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), sublobar resection is increasingly preferred, particularly in intentional segmentectomy for radiologically less-invasive small NSCLC. However, the indication for sublobar resection of radiologically pure solid or solid-dominant NSCLC remains controversial, owing to its invasive pathological characteristics. Therefore, the present meta-analysis was conducted to compare the efficacy of sublobar resection with lobectomy for treating solid-dominant stage IA NSCLC. An electronic search was conducted using four online databases from their dates of inception to April 2017. The hazard ratio (HR) was used as a summary statistic for censored outcomes and the odds ratio (OR) was used as the summary statistic for dichotomous variables. A total of nine studies met the selection criteria, including a total of 2,265 patients (1,728 patients underwent lobectomy, 425 segmentectomy and 112 wedge resection). From the available data, patients treated with a sublobar resection had a higher risk of local recurrence compared with patients treated with lobectomy [OR=1.89; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.02–3.50; P=0.04]. However, no obvious difference in local recurrence was found in a subgroup analysis of segmentectomy compared with lobectomy (OR=1.19; 95% CI, 0.68–2.10; P=0.61). Sublobar resection was not associated with a significantly negative impact on distant recurrence (OR=1.09; 95% CI, 0.55–2.16; P=0.796). Patients in the sublobar resection group had no significant differences in recurrence-free survival (RFS; HR=1.43; 95% CI, 0.76–2.69; P=0.27) and overall survival (OS; HR=0.96; 95% CI, 0.75–1.23; P=0.77) compared with those in the lobectomy group. In the subgroup analysis of anatomic segmentectomy compared with lobectomy, there was no significant difference in RFS, with mild inter-study heterogeneity. The current meta-analysis suggested that segmentectomy had a comparable oncologic efficacy to lobectomy for solid-dominant stage IA NSCLC. Therefore, segmentectomy may be a feasible alternative in selected cases of solid-dominant stage IA NSCLC. However, these findings should be confirmed by prospective randomized controlled trials in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juntang Guo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Xiaodong Tian
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Zhipeng Ren
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Jixing Lin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hainan Branch, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Sanya, Hainan 572014, P.R. China
| | - Bailin Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hainan Branch, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Sanya, Hainan 572014, P.R. China
| | - Chaoyang Liang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
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Tariq MU, Idress R, Qureshi MB, Kayani N. Solid papillary carcinoma of breast; a detailed clinicopathological study of 65 cases of an uncommon breast neoplasm with literature review. Breast J 2019; 26:211-215. [PMID: 31532003 DOI: 10.1111/tbj.13521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Solid papillary carcinoma (SPC) is an uncommon breast tumor whose prognosis depends on invasive component. We studied clinicopathological features of SPC by reviewing 65 cases. Invasive component was seen in 75.4% cases. Almost all tumors with grade III nuclei had invasive component. Mean patients' age of invasive tumors was significantly higher than that of non-invasive tumors (P = .036). All patients were alive and disease free except for a single patient who developed distant metastasis and died of disease. SPC have excellent clinical course. Careful search for invasive component is mandatory, especially in tumors with older patient's age and higher nuclear grade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Usman Tariq
- Histopathology Section, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Romana Idress
- Histopathology Section, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Madiha Bilal Qureshi
- Histopathology Section, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Naila Kayani
- Histopathology Section, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
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Abstract
Background: Predominant histologic subtypes have been reported as predictors of survival of patients with pulmonary adenocarcinoma. Aims: To evaluate the predictive value of histologic classification in resected lung adenocarcinoma using the classification systems proposed by the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer, American Thoracic Society, European Respiratory Society, and World Health Organization (2015). Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: The histologic classification of a large cohort of 491 patients with resected lung adenocarcinoma (stages I-III) was retrospectively analyzed. The tumors were classified according to their predominant component (lepidic, acinar, papillary, solid, micropapillary, and mucinous), and their predictive values were assessed for clinicopathologic characteristics and overall survival. Results: The patient cohort comprised 158 (32.2%) patients with solid predominant, 150 (30.5%) with acinar predominant, 80 (16.3%) with papillary predominant, 75 (15.3%) with lepidic predominant, 22 (4.5%) with mucinous, and 5 (1.0%) with micropapillary subtype, and 1 (0.2%) with adenocarcinoma in situ. Overall 5-year survival of 491 patients was found to be 51.8%. Patients with lepidic, acinar, and mucinous adenocarcinoma had 70.9%, 59.0%, and 66.6% 5-year survival, respectively, and there was no statistically significant difference between them. Whereas patients with solid, papillary, and micropapillary predominant adenocarcinoma had 41.0%, 40.5%, and 0.0% 5-year survival, respectively. Compared to other histologic subtypes, patients with solid and papillary predominant adenocarcinoma had significantly lower survival than those with lepidic (p<0.001, p=0.002), acinar (p<0.001, p=0.008), and mucinous (p=0.048, p=0.048) subtypes, respectively. The survival difference between patients with solid subtype and those with papillary subtype was not statistically significant (p=0.67). Conclusion: Solid and papillary histologic subtypes are poor prognostic factors in resected invasive lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demet Yaldız
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Celal Bayar University School of Medicine, Manisa, Turkey
| | - Şeyda Örs Kaya
- Clinic of Thoracic Surgery, University of Health Sciences, İzmir Dr. Suat Seren Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Kenan Can Ceylan
- Clinic of Thoracic Surgery, University of Health Sciences, İzmir Dr. Suat Seren Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Arkın Acar
- Clinic of Thoracic Surgery, University of Health Sciences, İzmir Dr. Suat Seren Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Zekiye Aydoğdu
- Clinic of Pathology, University of Health Sciences, İzmir Dr. Suat Seren Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Soner Gürsoy
- Clinic of Thoracic Surgery, University of Health Sciences, İzmir Dr. Suat Seren Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Sadık Yaldız
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Celal Bayar University School of Medicine, Manisa, Turkey
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Zhou Y, Gong G, Wang H, Habibabady ZA, Lang P, Hales R, Askin F, Gabrielson E, Li QK. Transthoracic fine-needle aspiration diagnosis of solid, subsolid, and partially calcified lung nodules: A retrospective study from a single academic center. Cytojournal 2019; 16:16. [PMID: 31516538 PMCID: PMC6712899 DOI: 10.4103/cytojournal.cytojournal_43_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The large-scale National Lung Cancer Screening Trial demonstrated an increased detection of early-stage lung cancers using low-dose computed tomography scan in the screening population. It also demonstrated a 20% reduction of lung cancer-related deaths in these patients. Aims: Although both solid and subsolid lung nodules are evaluated in studies, subsolid and partially calcified lung nodules are often overlooked. Materials and Methods: We reviewed transthoracic fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cases from lung nodule patients in our clinics and correlated cytological diagnoses with radiologic characteristics of lesions. A computer search of the pathology archive was performed over a period of 12 months for transthoracic FNAs, including both CT- and ultrasound-guided biopsies. Results: A total of 111 lung nodule cases were identified. Lesions were divided into three categories: solid, subsolid, and partially calcified nodules according to radiographic findings. Of 111 cases, the average sizes of the solid (84 cases), subsolid (22 cases), and calcified (5 cases) lesions were 1.952 ± 2.225, 1.333 ± 1.827, and 1.152 ± 1.984 cm, respectively. The cytological diagnoses of three groups were compared. A diagnosis of malignancy was made in 64.28% (54 cases) in solid, 22.72% (5 cases) in subsolid, and 20% (1 case) in partially calcified nodules. Among benign lesions, eight granulomatous inflammations were identified, including one case of solid, five cases of subsolid, and two cases of calcified nodules. Conclusions: Our study indicates that solid nodules have the highest risk of malignancy. Furthermore, the cytological evaluation of subsolid and partially calcified nodules is crucial for the accurate diagnosis and appropriate clinical management of lung nodule patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangying Zhou
- Address: Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Gary Gong
- Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Peggy Lang
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Russell Hales
- Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Frederic Askin
- Address: Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ed Gabrielson
- Address: Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Qing Kay Li
- Address: Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Shulman DS, Mehrotra P, Blonquist TM, Capraro A, Lehmann L, Silverman LB, Surana NK, Place AE. A single institutional review of pediatric Bacillus spp. bloodstream infections demonstrates increased incidence among children with cancer. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2019; 66:e27568. [PMID: 30537106 PMCID: PMC6664817 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.27568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 11/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bacillus species are known to cause severe infection in immunocompromised hosts. The incidence of Bacillus bloodstream infections and characteristics of infection among children with cancer or indication for hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) is unknown. METHODS We performed a retrospective medical record review of all cases of Bacillus bacteremia between January 1, 2005, and December 31, 2014, at Boston Children's Hospital. We report average incidences from 2012 to 2014. We performed a detailed review of infections among children with cancer or undergoing HCT and a case-control study to evaluate whether neutropenia at diagnosis caries higher risk of Bacillus infection for children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). RESULTS One hundred fourteen children developed Bacillus bacteremia during the study period, with an estimated incidence of 0.27/1,000 patients. Among children treated for cancer or undergoing HCT, there were 37 bloodstream infections (2.0/1,000 patients). Of the 37 oncology/HCT patients, oncologic diagnoses included ALL (18), acute myeloid leukemia (3), myelodysplastic syndrome (1), solid tumors (8), and 7 children were undergoing HCT. The incidence of infection among children with ALL was 34/1,000 patients and all central nervous system (CNS) infections (6) and deaths (3) occurred in this population. Neutropenia at time of diagnosis in children with ALL was not associated with risk of infection (P = 0.17). DISCUSSION We report the first hospital-wide analysis of Bacillus infection and found that immunocompromised children experience a significant proportion of Bacillus infections. Children with ALL have a high incidence of infection and are at higher risk of CNS involvement and death.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S. Shulman
- Dana-Farber/Boston Children’s Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Preeti Mehrotra
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Traci M. Blonquist
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew Capraro
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Business Intelligence, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Leslie Lehmann
- Dana-Farber/Boston Children’s Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lewis B. Silverman
- Dana-Farber/Boston Children’s Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Neeraj K. Surana
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA,Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA,co-corresponding authors Andrew E. Place, MD, PhD, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA., Phone: 617-632-2313, Fax: 617-632-5710, , Neeraj K. Surana, MD, PhD, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, 2301 Erwin Road, Durham, NC 27710, Phone: 919-613-8742, Fax: 919-681-2089,
| | - Andrew E. Place
- Dana-Farber/Boston Children’s Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA, USA,co-corresponding authors Andrew E. Place, MD, PhD, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA., Phone: 617-632-2313, Fax: 617-632-5710, , Neeraj K. Surana, MD, PhD, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, 2301 Erwin Road, Durham, NC 27710, Phone: 919-613-8742, Fax: 919-681-2089,
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Shiina N. Liquid- and solid-like RNA granules form through specific scaffold proteins and combine into biphasic granules. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:3532-3548. [PMID: 30606735 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.005423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2018] [Revised: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA granules consist of membrane-less RNA-protein assemblies and contain dynamic liquid-like shells and stable solid-like cores, which are thought to function in numerous processes in mRNA sorting and translational regulation. However, how these distinct substructures are formed, whether they are assembled by different scaffolds, and whether different RNA granule scaffolds induce these different substructures remains unknown. Here, using fluorescence microscopy-based morphological and molecular-dynamics analyses, we demonstrate that RNA granule scaffold proteins (scaffolds) can be largely classified into two groups, liquid and solid types, which induce the formation of liquid-like and solid-like granules, respectively, when expressed separately in cultured cells. We found that when co-expressed, the liquid-type and solid-type scaffolds combine and form liquid- and solid-like substructures in the same granules, respectively. The combination of the different types of scaffolds reduced the immobile fractions of the solid-type scaffolds and their dose-dependent ability to decrease nascent polypeptides in granules, but had little effect on the dynamics of the liquid-type scaffolds or their dose-dependent ability to increase nascent polypeptides in granules. These results suggest that solid- and liquid-type scaffolds form different substructures in RNA granules and differentially affect each other. Our findings provide detailed insight into the assembly mechanism and distinct dynamics and functions of core and shell substructures in RNA granules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Shiina
- From the Laboratory of Neuronal Cell Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, .,the Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS), Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, and.,the Department of Basic Biology, Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
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Takahashi Y, Eguchi T, Kameda K, Lu S, Vaghjiani RG, Tan KS, Travis WD, Jones DR, Adusumilli PS. Histologic subtyping in pathologic stage I-IIA lung adenocarcinoma provides risk-based stratification for surveillance. Oncotarget 2018; 9:35742-35751. [PMID: 30515266 PMCID: PMC6254662 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We hypothesize that recurrence hazard following resection for stage I-IIA lung adenocarcinoma (ADC) varies according to histologic subtype, which may provide risk stratification for surveillance better than the current uniform follow-up protocol. Results Presence (≥5%) of high-grade histologic subtypes (MIP and/or SOL) was associated with a significantly higher recurrence hazard: (1) presence of either MIP or SOL was associated with a significant increase in recurrence hazard during the first two years after surgery; (2) presence of SOL was associated with an increase in recurrence hazard—in particular, distant recurrence hazard—during the first year after surgery; (3) absence of high-grade subtypes (515/1,572 patients) was associated with a very low recurrence hazard (<2% risk/year) during the first ten years after surgery. Methods All hematoxylin and eosin–stained tumor slides from pathologic stage I-IIA lung ADC (n = 1572) were reviewed for quantification of the percentage of each histological subtype. Recurrence hazard was estimated using the Kernel-Epanechnikov smoothing procedure. The association between recurrence hazard and high-grade histologic subtypes (micropapillary [MIP] and solid [SOL]) was assessed. Conclusions Our findings suggest that histologic subtyping has utility for identifying recurrence hazard for surgically resected stage I-IIA lung ADC patients and provide rationale for establishing risk-based surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Takahashi
- Thoracic Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Eguchi
- Thoracic Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shinshu University, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Koji Kameda
- Thoracic Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | - Shaohua Lu
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Raj G Vaghjiani
- Thoracic Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kay See Tan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - William D Travis
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - David R Jones
- Thoracic Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Prasad S Adusumilli
- Thoracic Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Center for Cell Engineering, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
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Prasad RM, Mody RJ, Myers G, Mullins M, Naji Z, Geiger JD. A genome-wide analysis of colorectal cancer in a child with Noonan syndrome. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2018; 65:e27362. [PMID: 30039904 PMCID: PMC6150814 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.27362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 06/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Noonan syndrome (NS) is a developmental syndrome caused by germline mutations in the Ras signaling pathway. No association has been shown between NS and pediatric colorectal cancer (CRC). We report the case of CRC in a pediatric patient with NS. The patient underwent whole genome sequencing. A germline SOS1 mutation c.1310T>C (p. Ile437Thr) confirmed NS diagnosis. No known hereditary cancer syndromes were identified. Tumor analysis revealed two mutations: a TP53 missense mutation c.481G>A (p. Ala161Tyr) and NCOR1 nonsense mutation c.6052C>T (p. Arg2018*). This report highlights the complexity of Ras signaling and the interplay between developmental syndromes and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul M Prasad
- The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio,Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, C.S. Mott Children’s Hospital, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan,Correspondence to: Rahul Prasad, D4207, Medical Professional Building, University of Michigan, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-5718.
| | - Rajen J Mody
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, C.S. Mott Children’s Hospital, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | | | | | - Zaher Naji
- Mercy St. Vincent Medical Center, Toledo, Ohio
| | - James D Geiger
- Section of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, C.S. Mott Children’s Hospital, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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Zhao ZR, Lau RWH, Long H, Mok TSK, Chen GG, Underwood MJ, Ng CSH. Novel method for rapid identification of micropapillary or solid components in early-stage lung adenocarcinoma. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2018; 156:2310-2318.e2. [PMID: 30180981 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2018.07.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2018] [Revised: 07/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sublobar resection may be insufficient for early-stage lung adenocarcinoma with micropapillary or solid components because of the associated higher incidence of locoregional recurrence. This study sought to establish a novel method for rapidly identifying their presence to facilitate decision making for sublobar resection. METHODS Antibody arrays of adhesion and apoptosis molecules were applied for adenocarcinomas with or without micropapillary/solid components to identify differentially expressed proteins. A semi-dry dot-blot system that visualizes the presence of target proteins was used to determine the presence of micropapillary or solid components in a prospective cohort of patients with clinical stage I who underwent operation. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated by comparing semi-dry dot-blot results with pathologic examinations. RESULTS Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 2 and P-cadherin were found more frequently in the micropapillary or solid positive group, and these were used as the target proteins in the semi-dry dot-blot system for detection of micropapillary or solid components. A total of 68 nodules with a mean size of 2.3 ± 0.7 cm, including 13 (19.1%) with a micropapillary and 20 (29.4%) with a solid pattern, were recruited. Micropapillary or solid (+) lesions were more likely to have lymph node upstaging, greater diameter, and higher maximum standardized uptake value. The specificity and sensitivity for detecting the minor presence of micropapillary or solid component using the semi-dry dot-blot method were 94.4% (95% confidence interval, 81.3-99.3) and 65.6% (95% confidence interval, 46.8-81.4), respectively. The average test duration was 26.9 ± 2.5 minutes. CONCLUSIONS Detecting insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 2 and P-cadherin via the semi-dry dot-blot method could identify micropapillary or solid components in early-stage lung adenocarcinoma in a short processing time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Rui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine, and Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Centre, Guangzhou, China; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Rainbow W H Lau
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hao Long
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine, and Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Centre, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tony S K Mok
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - George G Chen
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Malcolm J Underwood
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Calvin S H Ng
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Gallen RA, Khan RJK, Haebich SJ, Karamfiles SH, Khan H. Solid Cup vs Cluster Hole in Total Hip Arthroplasty: A 10-Year Randomized Control Trial. J Arthroplasty 2018; 33:1113-9. [PMID: 29289446 DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2017.10.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acetabular osteolysis is a major complication of total hip arthroplasty. It is caused in part by wear debris. It has been suggested that this debris can migrate through screw holes in the acetabular component. Solid-backed components have been used to prevent this migration and reduce osteolysis. Newer materials, however, have reduced wear debris. This study aimed to evaluate whether using solid-backed instead of cluster-hole components actually reduces osteolysis. This could open up the possibility of screws being used for greater stability where required. METHODS This prospective trial randomized 100 patients undergoing cementless total hip arthroplasty to receive either cluster-hole or solid-backed acetabular components. A cementless cup and highly cross-linked polyethylene was used in all patients. Computed tomography, performed at 5 and 10 years after surgery, was assessed by a blinded radiologist for the presence of osteolysis. RESULTS Of the 100 patients, 14 required screws for stability, and so were moved into a third "screw" group for per-protocol analysis. At 10 years after surgery, osteolytic lesions were discovered in 18.2% of patients. There was no difference in incidence or volume of osteolysis between patients with cluster-hole acetabular components and those with solid-backed components. CONCLUSION This study reveals a low number of patients with osteolytic lesions 10 years after total hip arthroplasty performed with a modern cup design and highly cross-linked polyethylene liner. There was no clear benefit to using solid-backed acetabular components. Cluster-hole components, however, offer the option of screw augmentation when required.
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Chaffee BW, Lander MJ, Christen C, Redic KA. Surface contamination of counting tools after mock dispensing of cyclophosphamide in a simulated outpatient pharmacy. J Oncol Pharm Pract 2018; 25:85-93. [PMID: 29592766 DOI: 10.1177/1078155218764587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The primary aim was to determine if dispensing of cyclophosphamide tablets resulted in accumulated residue on pharmacy counting tools during a simulated outpatient dispensing process. Secondary objectives included determining if cyclophosphamide contamination exceeded a defined threshold level of 1 ng/cm2 and if a larger number of prescriptions dispensed resulted in increased contamination. METHODS Mock prescriptions of 40 cyclophosphamide 50 mg tablets were counted on clean trays in three scenarios using a simulated outpatient pharmacy after assaying five cleaned trays as controls. The three scenarios consisted of five simulated dispensings of one, three, or six prescriptions dispensed per scenario. Wipe samples of trays and spatulas were collected and assayed for all trays, including the five clean trays used as controls. Contamination was defined as an assayed cyclophosphamide level at or above 0.001 ng/cm2 and levels above 1 ng/cm2 were considered sufficient to cause risk of human uptake. Mean contamination for each scenario was calculated and compared using one-way analysis of variance. P-values of < 0.05 implied significance. RESULTS Mean cyclophosphamide contamination on trays used to count one, three, and six cyclophosphamide prescriptions was 0.51 ± 0.10 (p=0.0003), 1.02 ± 0.10 (p < 0.0001), and 1.82 ± 0.10 ng/cm2 (p < 0.0001), respectively. Control trays did not show detectable cyclophosphamide contamination. Increasing the number of prescriptions dispensed from 1 to 3, 1 to 6, and 3 to 6 counts increased contamination by 0.51 ± 0.15 (p = 0.0140), 1.31 + 0.15 (p < 0.0001), and 0.80 ± 0.15 ng/cm2 (p = 0.0004), respectively. CONCLUSION Dispensing one or more prescriptions of 40 cyclophosphamide 50 mg tablets contaminates pharmacy counting tools, and an increased number of prescriptions dispensed correlates with increased level of contamination. Counting out three or more prescriptions leads to trays having contamination that surpasses the threshold at which worker exposure may be increased. Pharmacies should consider devoting a separate tray to cyclophosphamide tablets, as cross-contamination could occur with other drugs and the efficacy of decontamination methods is unclear. Employee exposure could be minimized with the use of personal protective equipment, environmental controls, and cleaning trays between uses. Future investigation should assess the extent of drug powder dispersion, the effects of various cleaning methods, and the potential extent of contamination with different oral cytotoxic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce W Chaffee
- 1 Department of Pharmacy Services, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, USA.,2 15514 College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, USA
| | | | - Catherine Christen
- 1 Department of Pharmacy Services, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, USA.,2 15514 College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Kimberly A Redic
- 1 Department of Pharmacy Services, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, USA.,2 15514 College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, USA
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Luo J, Wang R, Han B, Zhang J, Zhao H, Fang W, Luo Q, Yang J, Yang Y, Zhu L, Chen T, Cheng X, Huang Q, Wang Y, Zheng J, Chen H. Solid predominant histologic subtype and early recurrence predict poor postrecurrence survival in patients with stage I lung adenocarcinoma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:7050-8. [PMID: 27732964 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study investigated the correlation between histologic predominant pattern and postrecurrence survival (PRS), and identified the clinicopathologic factors influencing PRS in patients with completely resected stage I lung adenocarcinoma. Methods A total of 136 stage I lung adenocarcinoma patients who experienced tumor recurrence after completely resection were included in this study. To analysis the association between histologic predominant pattern and PRS, invasive adenocarcinomas with mixed histologic components were divided into 2 groups: solid and nonsolid group (including lepidic, acinar, papillary, micropapillary) based on the histologic predominant pattern. PRS was analyzed to identify the prognostic predictors using the Kaplan-Meier approach and multivariable Cox models. Results For all stage I invasive adenocarcinoma patients, the majority of postsurgical recurrences occurred within 2 years. Patients with solid predominant histological pattern were associated with unfavorable PRS (HR, 2.40; 95%CI 1.13-5.08, p=.022). There was a significant difference for poor PRS for patients who diagnosed tumor recurrence shorter than 12 months after surgery (HR, 2.34; 95%CI 1.12-4.90, p=.024). Extrathoracic metastasis was associated with poor media PRS in univariable analysis (p =.011), however, there was no significant PRS difference in multivariable analysis (HR, 1.56; 95%CI 0.65-3.73, p=.322) compared with intrathoracic metastasis. Conclusions Solid predominant histologic subtype and recurrence free interval less than 12 months predict worse PRS in patients with stage I lung adenocarcinoma.
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Huckabee ML, McIntosh T, Fuller L, Curry M, Thomas P, Walshe M, McCague E, Battel I, Nogueira D, Frank U, van den Engel-Hoek L, Sella-Weiss O. The Test of Masticating and Swallowing Solids (TOMASS): reliability, validity and international normative data. Int J Lang Commun Disord 2018; 53:144-156. [PMID: 28677236 DOI: 10.1111/1460-6984.12332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2017] [Revised: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical swallowing assessment is largely limited to qualitative assessment of behavioural observations. There are limited quantitative data that can be compared with a healthy population for identification of impairment. The Test of Masticating and Swallowing Solids (TOMASS) was developed as a quantitative assessment of solid bolus ingestion. AIMS This research programme investigated test development indices and established normative data for the TOMASS to support translation to clinical dysphagia assessment. METHODS & PROCEDURES A total of 228 healthy adults (ages 20-80+ years) stratified by age and sex participated in one or more of four consecutive studies evaluating test-retest and interrater reliability and validity to instrumental assessment. For each study the test required participants to ingest a commercially available cracker with instructions to 'eat this as quickly as is comfortably possible'. Further averaged measures were derived including the number of masticatory cycles and swallows per bite, and time per bite, masticatory cycle and swallow. Initial analyses identified significant differences on salient measures between two commercially available crackers that are nearly identical in shape, size and ingredients, suggesting the need for separate normative samples for specific regional products. Additional analyses on a single cracker identified that the TOMASS was sensitive at detecting changes in performance based on age and sex. Test-retest reliability across days and interrater reliability between clinicians was high, as was validation of observational measures to instrumental correlates of the same behaviours. Therefore, normative data are provided for the TOMASS from a minimum of 80 healthy controls, stratified by age and sex, for each of seven commercially available crackers from broad regions worldwide. OUTCOMES & RESULTS Analyses on a single cracker identified Arnott's Salada, and that TOMASS measures were sensitive for detecting changes in performance based on age and sex. Interrater and test-retest reliability across days were high, as was validation of observational measures to instrumental correlates of the same behaviours. Significant differences were identified between two commercially available crackers, nearly identical in shape, size and ingredients, thus normative samples for specific regional products were required. Normative data were then acquired for the TOMASS from a minimum of 80 healthy controls, stratified by age and sex, for each of seven commercially available crackers from broad regions worldwide. CONCLUSIONS & IMPLICATIONS The TOMASS is presented as a valid, reliable and broadly normed clinical assessment of solid bolus ingestion. Clinical application may help identify dysphagic patients at bedside and provide a non-invasive, but sensitive, measure of functional change in swallowing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maggie-Lee Huckabee
- Swallowing Rehabilitation Research Laboratory at the Rose Centre for Stroke Recovery and Research, Christchurch, New Zealand
- Department of Communication Disorders, The University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Theresa McIntosh
- Swallowing Rehabilitation Research Laboratory at the Rose Centre for Stroke Recovery and Research, Christchurch, New Zealand
- Department of Communication Disorders, The University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Laura Fuller
- Swallowing Rehabilitation Research Laboratory at the Rose Centre for Stroke Recovery and Research, Christchurch, New Zealand
- Department of Communication Disorders, The University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Morgan Curry
- Swallowing Rehabilitation Research Laboratory at the Rose Centre for Stroke Recovery and Research, Christchurch, New Zealand
- Department of Communication Disorders, The University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Paige Thomas
- Swallowing Rehabilitation Research Laboratory at the Rose Centre for Stroke Recovery and Research, Christchurch, New Zealand
- Department of Communication Disorders, The University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Margaret Walshe
- Department of Clinical Speech and Language Studies, Trinity College Dublin, University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ellen McCague
- Department of Clinical Speech and Language Studies, Trinity College Dublin, University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Irene Battel
- Department of Clinical Speech and Language Studies, Trinity College Dublin, University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Fondazione Ospedale di Neuroriabilitazione IRCCS San Camillo, Venice, Italy
| | - Dalia Nogueira
- Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (ISCTE-IUL), Business Research Unit (BRU-IUL), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ulrike Frank
- Department of Cognitive Neurolinguistics, Swallowing Research Lab, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Lenie van den Engel-Hoek
- Donders Centre for Neuroscience, Department of Rehabilitation, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Oshrat Sella-Weiss
- Department of Communication Disorders, Ono Academic Collage, Kiryat Ono, Israel
- Department of Communication Disorders, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
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Cawich SO, Ledesma Z, Sampath L, Sandy S. Clinicopathologic features of solid pseudopapillary pancreatic neoplasms in an Eastern Caribbean population. Trop Doct 2017; 48:224-227. [PMID: 29198177 DOI: 10.1177/0049475517744961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic solid pseudopapillary neoplasms (SPNs) are uncommon lesions across the globe. Their incidence is unknown in the Caribbean. This retrospective study sought to document the clinicopathologic features of pancreatic SPNs in an Eastern Caribbean population. We examined data from the hospital records of all patients with SPN in Trinidad and Tobago, finding 11 cases over five years, equating to an incidence of 0.17 cases per 100,000 population per year. The lesions occurred in girls and young women at a mean age of 25 years, with a propensity for those of Afro-Caribbean descent. Poor prognostic factors (histologic invasion of the capsule, lymphovascular invasion, spindle cells, anaplastic cells and/or excessive mitotic figures) were present in 82% at the time of diagnosis. These tumours are uncommon in our population, and since most have poor prognostic features at diagnosis, we advocate an aggressive surgical approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamir O Cawich
- 1 Consultant Surgeon, St. Augustine Campus, 37612 University of the West Indies, St. Augustine , Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Zulema Ledesma
- 2 Consultant Pathologist, St. Augustine Campus, 37612 University of the West Indies, St. Augustine , Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Lian Sampath
- 3 Surgical Resident, St. Augustine Campus, 37612 University of the West Indies, St. Augustine , Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Sherisse Sandy
- 4 Pathology Resident, St. Augustine Campus, 37612 University of the West Indies, St. Augustine , Trinidad and Tobago
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Zhang J, Shao J, Zhu L, Zhao R, Xing J, Wang J, Guo X, Tu S, Han B, Yu K. Molecular profiling identifies prognostic markers of stage IA lung adenocarcinoma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:74846-74855. [PMID: 29088828 PMCID: PMC5650383 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously showed that different pathologic subtypes were associated with different prognostic values in patients with stage IA lung adenocarcinoma (AC). We hypothesize that differential gene expression profiles of different subtypes may be valuable factors for prognosis in stage IA lung adenocarcinoma. We performed microarray gene expression profiling on tumor tissues micro-dissected from patients with acinar and solid predominant subtypes of stage IA lung adenocarcinoma. These patients had undergone a lobectomy and mediastinal lymph node dissection at the Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai, China in 2012. No patient had preoperative treatment. We performed the Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) analysis to look for gene expression signatures associated with tumor subtypes. The histologic subtypes of all patients were classified according to the 2015 WHO lung Adenocarcinoma classification. We found that patients with the solid predominant subtype are enriched for genes involved in RNA polymerase activity as well as inactivation of the p53 pathway. Further, we identified a list of genes that may serve as prognostic markers for stage IA lung adenocarcinoma. Validation in the TCGA database shows that these genes are correlated with survival, suggesting that they are novel prognostic factors for stage IA lung adenocarcinoma. In conclusion, we have uncovered novel prognostic factors for stage IA lung adenocarcinoma using gene expression profiling in combination with histopathology subtyping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Department of Pathology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinchen Shao
- Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Department of Pathology, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Department of Pathology, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruiying Zhao
- Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Department of Pathology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Xing
- Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Department of Pathology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Tumor Initiation & Maintenance Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla
| | - Xiaohui Guo
- Bioinformatics Core, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla
| | - Shichun Tu
- Allele Biotechnology & Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Nancy Ridge Drive, San Diego, USA
| | - Baohui Han
- Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Keke Yu
- Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Department of Pathology, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Department of Biobank, Shanghai, China
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Moon Y, Sung SW, Moon SW, Park JK. Risk factors for recurrence after sublobar resection in patients with small (2 cm or less) non-small cell lung cancer presenting as a solid-predominant tumor on chest computed tomography. J Thorac Dis 2016; 8:2018-26. [PMID: 27621855 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2016.07.90] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sublobar resection is considered controversial for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) presenting as a solid-predominant nodule. The aim of this study was to identify risk factors related to recurrence in small-sized NSCLC presenting as a solid-predominant nodule. METHODS We conducted a retrospective chart review of 118 patients who were treated for clinical N0 NSCLC sized ≤2 cm and who underwent sublobar resection with clear resection margins. We assigned them to two groups according to radiologic features: ground glass opacity (GGO)-predominant tumor and solid-predominant tumor. Clinicopathological characteristics and survival were analyzed in both groups. Risk factors for recurrence were analyzed in the solid-predominant tumor group. RESULTS Seventy-three patients had a GGO-predominant tumor, and 45 patients had a solid-predominant tumor. Five-year recurrence-free survival (RFS) in the solid-predominant tumor and GGO-predominant tumor groups was 64.9% and 95.5%, respectively. A multivariate analysis was performed to determine factors associated with recurrence after sublobar resection in the solid-predominant tumor group; it indicated that SUVmax [hazard ratio (HR) =1.482, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.123-1.956, P=0.005] and histologic types other than adenocarcinoma (squamous cell carcinoma, HR =8.789, 95% CI: 1.572-49.134, P=0.013; other types, HR =53.569, 95% CI: 2.616-1096.849, P=0.010) were significant risk factors for recurrence. CONCLUSIONS Risk factors in solid-predominant tumors sized ≤2 cm after sublobar resection are a high SUVmax and histologic types other than adenocarcinoma. Thus, lobectomy should be considered for solid-predominant NSCLC sized ≤2 cm with a high SUVmax or non-adenocarcinoma types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngkyu Moon
- Department of Thoracic & Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sook Whan Sung
- Department of Thoracic & Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seok Whan Moon
- Department of Thoracic & Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Kil Park
- Department of Thoracic & Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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Rakha EA, Ahmed MA, Ellis IO. Papillary carcinoma of the breast: diagnostic agreement and management implications. Histopathology 2016; 69:862-870. [PMID: 27270947 DOI: 10.1111/his.13009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Papillary carcinoma (PC), which is a rare type of breast cancer, comprises a heterogeneous group of tumours. The diagnostic categorization of PC as in-situ and invasive disease remains a matter of debate with respect to interpretation of its overlapping histological features, and with respect to the uncertainty in clinical behaviour that this dilemma raises. The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic agreement regarding PC among reporting breast pathologists. METHODS AND RESULTS Six cases of PC included in the UK National Health Service Breast Screening Programme breast pathology interpretive external quality assurance scheme in the last 10 years were reviewed. In this scheme, one representative haematoxylin and eosin-stained slide from each case is circulated to an average of 600 participants. Data on diagnostic categories were collected and slides were reviewed according to the World Health Organization (WHO) diagnostic criteria. The number of final diagnoses of malignancy (in situ or invasive) was highest for invasive PC (99% of the participants diagnosed it as malignant), followed by solid PC (94% and 95%, respectively), encapsulated PC (92% and 92%, respectively), and papillary ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) (88%). Most cases of papillary DCIS were correctly classified as in-situ disease (77%), but 28% of the participants classified invasive PC cases as in-situ disease. Of the participants, 24% reported encapsulated PC as invasive disease. Of the two solid PC cases, one showed some features consistent with the WHO description of invasive solid PC, whereas the other showed features of classic (non-invasive) solid PC. Both cases were reported as invasive by 75% and 77% of participants, respectively. Breast specialists more frequently classified PC as an in-situ carcinoma than did non-specialist participants, and the difference was significant (P = 0.013). CONCLUSIONS Recognition of PC as a malignant entity (in situ or invasive) is high, but concordance of its classification into in-situ and invasive disease is low. Histological features that can define invasion in PC should be better defined. These rare lesions require additional diagnostic work-up, and difficult cases should trigger consensus opinion or expert referral.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emad A Rakha
- Department of Histopathology, Nottingham City Hospital, Nottingham, UK. ,
| | - Mohamed A Ahmed
- Department of Histopathology, Nottingham City Hospital, Nottingham, UK
| | - Ian O Ellis
- Department of Histopathology, Nottingham City Hospital, Nottingham, UK
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Camilleri M. Drug-resin drug interactions in patients with delayed gastric emptying: What is optimal time window for drug administration? Neurogastroenterol Motil 2016; 28:1268-71. [PMID: 26987693 PMCID: PMC4956542 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.12823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Most drug-drug interactions involve overlap or competition in drug metabolic pathways. However, there are medications, typically resins, whose function is to bind injurious substances such as bile acids or potassium within the digestive tract. The objective of this article is to review the functions of the stomach and the kinetics of emptying of different food forms or formulations to make recommendations on timing of medication administration in order to avoid intragastric drug interactions. Based on the profiles and kinetics of emptying of liquid nutrients and homogenized solids, a window of 3 h between administration of a resin drug and another 'target' medication would be expected to allow a median of 80% of medications with particle size <1 mm to empty from the stomach and, hence, avoid potential interaction such as binding of the 'target' medication within the stomach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Camilleri
- Clinical Enteric Neuroscience Translational and Epidemiological Research (C.E.N.T.E.R.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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Abstract
The histologic classification of non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), particularly adenocarcinoma (ADC), has undergone extensive study in recent decades, ultimately resulting in an extensively updated classification system. The 2015 World Health Organization (WHO) classification of ADC provides greatly improved prognostic information in comparison to the 2004 WHO classification. Several issues still require further investigation: lepidic predominant ADC, prognostic significance of poor prognostic subtypes such as micropapillary carcinoma, the more recently described concept of spread of tumor through airspaces (STAS), and the utility of sublobar resections. While limited resection appears to be suitable for tumors with a ground glass radiographic appearance, which typically correspond to adenocarcinoma in situ (MIS) or minimally invasive adenocarcinoma (MIA) histologically, the role of sublobar resection in radiographic solid tumors is not as clear, and the impact of histologic subtypes with a poor prognosis needs further evaluation. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) has not been as extensively studied and the current classification lacks subclassification with significant prognostic information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Beth Beasley
- Department of Pathology, Mount Sinai Health System, Icahn School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Francine R Dembitzer
- Department of Pathology, Mount Sinai Health System, Icahn School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Raja M Flores
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Mount Sinai Health System, Icahn School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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Chege SM, Vissiennon T, Cavero T, Kinne J, Toosy A. A RARE CASE OF HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA IN THE ARABIAN SAND CAT (FELIS MARGARITA HARRISONI). J Zoo Wildl Med 2015; 46:699-703. [PMID: 26667525 DOI: 10.1638/2015-0062.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary liver cancer is uncommon and is generally classified as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), bile duct carcinoma, neuroendocrine (or carcinoid) tumor, and mesenchymal tumor (sarcoma). Here we describe the gross and histopathology characteristics of a rare HCC in a captive Arabian sand cat (Felis margarita harrisoni) held at Al Ain Zoo, United Arab Emirates. The description of this case in the Arabian sand cat adds to the current knowledge of hepatocellular carcinoma in captive nondomestic felids.
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Abstract
This study recruited 14 industrial workers to examine the effects of carrying handles, postures, materials and distances on maximum acceptable weights of carrying (MAWC), and resulting heart rate and body rating of perceived exertion (RPE) for a 20 min intensive carrying task. This study showed that MAWC of carrying with bar handles, carrying with hands-and-body posture, solid materials and 4 m distance were significantly higher than that of carrying with groove handles, carrying with hands posture, liquid materials and 8 m distance, respectively. The resulting heart rates while carrying MAWCs of groove handles, hands-and-body carrying posture, solid materials and 4 m distance were lower than the resulting heart rates while carrying MAWCs of bar handles, hands carrying posture, liquid materials and 8 m distance, respectively. Most pair levels of independent variables resulted in similar body's RPEs except for the pair levels of carrying distance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Hsien Lee
- a Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology , Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chen Yeh
- a Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology , Taiwan
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Lesot P, Kazimierczuk K, Trébosc J, Amoureux JP, Lafon O. Fast acquisition of multidimensional NMR spectra of solids and mesophases using alternative sampling methods. Magn Reson Chem 2015; 53:927-939. [PMID: 26332109 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.4290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Revised: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Unique information about the atom-level structure and dynamics of solids and mesophases can be obtained by the use of multidimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments. Nevertheless, the acquisition of these experiments often requires long acquisition times. We review here alternative sampling methods, which have been proposed to circumvent this issue in the case of solids and mesophases. Compared to the spectra of solutions, those of solids and mesophases present some specificities because they usually display lower signal-to-noise ratios, non-Lorentzian line shapes, lower spectral resolutions and wider spectral widths. We highlight herein the advantages and limitations of these alternative sampling methods. A first route to accelerate the acquisition time of multidimensional NMR spectra consists in the use of sparse sampling schemes, such as truncated, radial or random sampling ones. These sparsely sampled datasets are generally processed by reconstruction methods differing from the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT). A host of non-DFT methods have been applied for solids and mesophases, including the G-matrix Fourier transform, the linear least-square procedures, the covariance transform, the maximum entropy and the compressed sensing. A second class of alternative sampling consists in departing from the Jeener paradigm for multidimensional NMR experiments. These non-Jeener methods include Hadamard spectroscopy as well as spatial or orientational encoding of the evolution frequencies. The increasing number of high field NMR magnets and the development of techniques to enhance NMR sensitivity will contribute to widen the use of these alternative sampling methods for the study of solids and mesophases in the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Lesot
- RMN en Milieu Orienté, ICMMO, UMR-CNRS 8182, Université de Paris-Sud, Orsay, F-91405, Cedex Orsay, France
| | | | - Julien Trébosc
- Univ. Lille Nord de France, Unité de Catalyse et de Chimie du Solide (UCCS), CNRS UMR 8181, Univ. Lille, 59652, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Jean-Paul Amoureux
- Univ. Lille Nord de France, Unité de Catalyse et de Chimie du Solide (UCCS), CNRS UMR 8181, Univ. Lille, 59652, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
- Physics Department and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Olivier Lafon
- Univ. Lille Nord de France, Unité de Catalyse et de Chimie du Solide (UCCS), CNRS UMR 8181, Univ. Lille, 59652, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
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