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Gui Y, Teo J, Tian D, Yin Z. Genetic engineering low-arsenic and low-cadmium rice grain. J Exp Bot 2024; 75:2143-2155. [PMID: 38085003 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Rice is prone to take up the toxic elements arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd) from paddy soil through the transporters for other essential elements. Disruption of these essential transporters usually adversely affects the normal growth of rice and the homeostasis of essential elements. Here we report on developing low-As and low-Cd rice grain through the co-overexpression of OsPCS1, OsABCC1, and OsHMA3 genes under the control of the rice OsActin1 promoter. Co-overexpression of OsPCS1 and OsABCC1 synergistically decreased As concentration in the grain. Overexpression of OsPCS1 also decreased Cd concentration in the grain by restricting the xylem-to-phloem Cd transport in node I, but paradoxically caused Cd hypersensitivity as the overproduced phytochelatins in OsPCS1-overexpressing plants suppressed OsHMA3-dependent Cd sequestration in vacuoles and promoted Cd transport from root to shoot. Co-overexpression of OsHAM3 and OsPCS1 overcame this suppression and complemented the Cd hypersensitivity. Compared with non-transgenic rice control, co-overexpression of OsABCC1, OsPCS1, and OsHMA3 in rice decreased As and Cd concentrations in grain by 92.1% and 98%, respectively, without causing any defect in plant growth and reproduction or of mineral nutrients in grain. Our research provides an effective approach and useful genetic materials for developing low-As and low-Cd rice grain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuejing Gui
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, 1 Research Link, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117604, Republic of Singapore
| | - Joanne Teo
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, 1 Research Link, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117604, Republic of Singapore
| | - Dongsheng Tian
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, 1 Research Link, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117604, Republic of Singapore
| | - Zhongchao Yin
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, 1 Research Link, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117604, Republic of Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences, 14 Science Drive, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Republic of Singapore
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2
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Mostofa MG, Ha CV, Rahman MM, Nguyen KH, Keya SS, Watanabe Y, Itouga M, Hashem A, Abd Allah EF, Fujita M, Tran LP. Strigolactones Modulate Cellular Antioxidant Defense Mechanisms to Mitigate Arsenate Toxicity in Rice Shoots. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:1815. [PMID: 34829686 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10111815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Metalloid contamination, such as arsenic poisoning, poses a significant environmental problem, reducing plant productivity and putting human health at risk. Phytohormones are known to regulate arsenic stress; however, the function of strigolactones (SLs) in arsenic stress tolerance in rice is rarely investigated. Here, we investigated shoot responses of wild-type (WT) and SL-deficient d10 and d17 rice mutants under arsenate stress to elucidate SLs’ roles in rice adaptation to arsenic. Under arsenate stress, the d10 and d17 mutants displayed severe growth abnormalities, including phenotypic aberrations, chlorosis and biomass loss, relative to WT. Arsenate stress activated the SL-biosynthetic pathway by enhancing the expression of SL-biosynthetic genes D10 and D17 in WT shoots. No differences in arsenic levels between WT and SL-biosynthetic mutants were found from Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry analysis, demonstrating that the greater growth defects of mutant plants did not result from accumulated arsenic in shoots. The d10 and d17 plants had higher levels of reactive oxygen species, water loss, electrolyte leakage and membrane damage but lower activities of superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione S-transferase than did the WT, implying that arsenate caused substantial oxidative stress in the SL mutants. Furthermore, WT plants had higher glutathione (GSH) contents and transcript levels of OsGSH1, OsGSH2, OsPCS1 and OsABCC1 in their shoots, indicating an upregulation of GSH-assisted arsenic sequestration into vacuoles. We conclude that arsenate stress activated SL biosynthesis, which led to enhanced arsenate tolerance through the stimulation of cellular antioxidant defense systems and vacuolar sequestration of arsenic, suggesting a novel role for SLs in rice adaptation to arsenic stress. Our findings have significant implications in the development of arsenic-resistant rice varieties for safe and sustainable rice production in arsenic-polluted soils.
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3
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Zhang S, Quartararo A, Betz OK, Madahhosseini S, Heringer AS, Le T, Shao Y, Caruso T, Ferguson L, Jernstedt J, Wilkop T, Drakakaki G. Root vacuolar sequestration and suberization are prominent responses of Pistacia spp. rootstocks during salinity stress. Plant Direct 2021; 5:e00315. [PMID: 34027297 PMCID: PMC8133763 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the mechanisms of stress tolerance in diverse species is needed to enhance crop performance under conditions such as high salinity. Plant roots, in particular in grafted agricultural crops, can function as a boundary against external stresses in order to maintain plant fitness. However, limited information exists for salinity stress responses of woody species and their rootstocks. Pistachio (Pistacia spp.) is a tree nut crop with relatively high salinity tolerance as well as high genetic heterogeneity. In this study, we used a microscopy-based approach to investigate the cellular and structural responses to salinity stress in the roots of two pistachio rootstocks, Pistacia integerrima (PGI) and a hybrid, P. atlantica x P. integerrima (UCB1). We analyzed root sections via fluorescence microscopy across a developmental gradient, defined by xylem development, for sodium localization and for cellular barrier differentiation via suberin deposition. Our cumulative data suggest that the salinity response in pistachio rootstock species is associated with both vacuolar sodium ion (Na+) sequestration in the root cortex and increased suberin deposition at apoplastic barriers. Furthermore, both vacuolar sequestration and suberin deposition correlate with the root developmental gradient. We observed a higher rate of Na+ vacuolar sequestration and reduced salt-induced leaf damage in UCB1 when compared to P. integerrima. In addition, UCB1 displayed higher basal levels of suberization, in both the exodermis and endodermis, compared to P. integerrima. This difference was enhanced after salinity stress. These cellular characteristics are phenotypes that can be taken into account during screening for sodium-mediated salinity tolerance in woody plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxiao Zhang
- Department of Plant SciencesUniversity of California DavisDavisCAUSA
| | - Alessandra Quartararo
- Department of Plant SciencesUniversity of California DavisDavisCAUSA
- Department of Agricultural & Forest ScienceUniversity of PalermoViale delle ScienzePalermoItaly
| | - Oliver Karl Betz
- Department of Plant SciencesUniversity of California DavisDavisCAUSA
| | - Shahab Madahhosseini
- Department of Plant SciencesUniversity of California DavisDavisCAUSA
- Present address:
Genetic and Plant Production DepartmentVali‐e‐Asr University of RafsanjanRafsanjanIran
| | - Angelo Schuabb Heringer
- Department of Plant SciencesUniversity of California DavisDavisCAUSA
- Present address:
Unidade de Biologia IntegrativaSetor de Genômica e ProteômicaUENFRio de JaneiroRJBrazil
| | - Thu Le
- Department of Plant SciencesUniversity of California DavisDavisCAUSA
| | - Yuhang Shao
- Department of Plant SciencesUniversity of California DavisDavisCAUSA
- Present address:
Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology and Production Management of Ministry of AgricultureNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingJiangsu ProvinceP. R. China
| | - Tiziano Caruso
- Department of Agricultural & Forest ScienceUniversity of PalermoViale delle ScienzePalermoItaly
| | - Louise Ferguson
- Department of Plant SciencesUniversity of California DavisDavisCAUSA
| | - Judy Jernstedt
- Department of Plant SciencesUniversity of California DavisDavisCAUSA
| | - Thomas Wilkop
- Department of Plant SciencesUniversity of California DavisDavisCAUSA
- Light Microscopy CoreDepartment of PhysiologyUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKYUSA
| | - Georgia Drakakaki
- Department of Plant SciencesUniversity of California DavisDavisCAUSA
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4
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Bari MA, Prity SA, Das U, Akther MS, Sajib SA, Reza MA, Kabir AH. Silicon induces phytochelatin and ROS scavengers facilitating cadmium detoxification in rice. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2020; 22:472-479. [PMID: 31990448 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is detrimental to crops and the environment. This work examines the natural mechanisms underlying silicon- (Si-)directed Cd detoxification in rice plants. The addition of Si to plants under Cd stress caused significant improvements in morphological parameters, chlorophyll score, Fv /Fm and total soluble protein concentration compared to controls, confirming that Si is able to ameliorate Cd-induced damage in rice plants. This morpho-physiological evidence was correlated with decreased cell death and electrolyte leakage after Si application. The results showed no critical changes in root Cd concentration, while shoot Cd decreased significantly after Si supplementation in comparison with Cd-stressed rice. Additionally, expression of Cd transporters (OsNRAMP5 and OsHMA2) was significantly down-regulated while the concentration of phytochelatin, cysteine and glutathione, together with expression of OsPCS1 (phytochelatin synthase) in roots of Cd-stressed rice was significantly induced when subjected to Si treatment. This confirms that the alleviation of Cd stress is not only limited to the down-regulation of Cd transporters but also closely related to the phytochelatin-driven vacuolar storage of Cd in rice roots. The enzymatic analysis further revealed the role of SOD and GR enzymes in protecting rice plants from Cd-induced oxidative harm. These findings suggest a mechanistic basis in rice plants for Si-mediated mitigation of Cd stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Bari
- Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
- Molecular Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - S A Prity
- Molecular Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - U Das
- Molecular Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - M S Akther
- Molecular Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - S A Sajib
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - M A Reza
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - A H Kabir
- Molecular Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
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5
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Shao Y, Cheng Y, Pang H, Chang M, He F, Wang M, Davis DJ, Zhang S, Betz O, Fleck C, Dai T, Madahhosseini S, Wilkop T, Jernstedt J, Drakakaki G. Investigation of Salt Tolerance Mechanisms Across a Root Developmental Gradient in Almond Rootstocks. Front Plant Sci 2020; 11:595055. [PMID: 33469461 PMCID: PMC7813803 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.595055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The intensive use of groundwater in agriculture under the current climate conditions leads to acceleration of soil salinization. Given that almond is a salt-sensitive crop, selection of salt-tolerant rootstocks can help maintain productivity under salinity stress. Selection for tolerant rootstocks at an early growth stage can reduce the investment of time and resources. However, salinity-sensitive markers and salinity tolerance mechanisms of almond species to assist this selection process are largely unknown. We established a microscopy-based approach to investigate mechanisms of stress tolerance in and identified cellular, root anatomical, and molecular traits associated with rootstocks exhibiting salt tolerance. We characterized three almond rootstocks: Empyrean-1 (E1), Controller-5 (C5), and Krymsk-86 (K86). Based on cellular and molecular evidence, our results show that E1 has a higher capacity for salt exclusion by a combination of upregulating ion transporter expression and enhanced deposition of suberin and lignin in the root apoplastic barriers, exodermis, and endodermis, in response to salt stress. Expression analyses revealed differential regulation of cation transporters, stress signaling, and biopolymer synthesis genes in the different rootstocks. This foundational study reveals the mechanisms of salinity tolerance in almond rootstocks from cellular and structural perspectives across a root developmental gradient and provides insights for future screens targeting stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhang Shao
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology and Production Management of Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yukun Cheng
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongguang Pang
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Mingqin Chang
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Fang He
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Minmin Wang
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Destiny J. Davis
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Shuxiao Zhang
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Oliver Betz
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Chuck Fleck
- Sierra Gold Nurseries, Yuba City, CA, United States
| | - Tingbo Dai
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology and Production Management of Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shahab Madahhosseini
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
- Genetic and Plant Production Department, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Thomas Wilkop
- Light Microscopy Core, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Judy Jernstedt
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Georgia Drakakaki
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Georgia Drakakaki,
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6
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Cai H, Huang S, Che J, Yamaji N, Ma JF. The tonoplast-localized transporter OsHMA3 plays an important role in maintaining Zn homeostasis in rice. J Exp Bot 2019; 70:2717-2725. [PMID: 30840766 PMCID: PMC6506766 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
In order to respond to fluctuating zinc (Zn) in the environment, plants must have a system to control Zn homeostasis. However, how plants maintain an appropriate level of Zn during their growth and development is still poorly understood. In this study, we found that OsHMA3, a tonoplast-localized transporter for Zn/Cd, plays an important role in Zn homeostasis in rice. Accessions with the functional allele of OsHMA3 showed greater tolerance to high Zn than those with the non-functional allele based on root elongation test. A 67Zn-labeling experiment showed that accessions with loss of function of OsHMA3 had lower Zn accumulation in the roots but similar concentrations in the shoots compared with functional OsHMA3 accessions. When exposed to Zn-free growing medium, the concentration in the root cell sap was rapidly decreased in accessions with functional OsHMA3, but less dramatic changes were observed in non-functional accessions. A mobility experiment showed that more Zn in the roots was translocated to the shoots in accessions with functional OsHMA3. Higher expression levels of OsZIP4, OsZIP5, OsZIP8, and OsZIP10 were found in the roots of accessions with functional OsHMA3 in response to Zn deficiency. Taken together, our results indicate that OsHMA3 plays an important role in rice roots in both Zn detoxification and storage by sequestration into the vacuoles, depending on Zn concentration in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Cai
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Chuo, Kurashiki, Japan
- Research Center of Microelement, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Sheng Huang
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Chuo, Kurashiki, Japan
| | - Jing Che
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Chuo, Kurashiki, Japan
| | - Naoki Yamaji
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Chuo, Kurashiki, Japan
| | - Jian Feng Ma
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Chuo, Kurashiki, Japan
- Correspondence:
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7
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Deng F, Yu M, Martinoia E, Song WY. Ideal Cereals With Lower Arsenic and Cadmium by Accurately Enhancing Vacuolar Sequestration Capacity. Front Genet 2019; 10:322. [PMID: 31024630 PMCID: PMC6467212 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cereals are a staple food for many people around the world; however, they are also a major dietary source of toxic metal(loid)s. Many agricultural regions throughout the world are contaminated with toxic metal(loid)s, which can accumulate to high levels in the grains of cereals cultivated in these regions, posing serious health risks to consumers. Arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd) are efficiently accumulated in cereals through metal transport pathways. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop crops that contain greatly reduced levels of toxic metal(loid)s. Vacuolar sequestration of toxic metal(loid)s is a primary strategy for reducing toxic metal(loid)s in grains. However, until recently, detailed strategies and mechanisms for reducing toxic metal(loid)s in grain were limited by the lack of experimental data. New strategies to reduce As and Cd in grain by enhancing vacuolar sequestration in specific tissues are critical to develop crops that lower the daily intake of As and Cd, potentially improving human health. This review provides insights and strategies for developing crops with strongly reduced amounts of toxic metal(loid)s without jeopardizing agronomic traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenglin Deng
- Department of Horticulture, Foshan University, Foshan, China
- Department of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, South Korea
| | - Min Yu
- Department of Horticulture, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Enrico Martinoia
- Institute of Plant Biology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Won-Yong Song
- Department of Horticulture, Foshan University, Foshan, China
- Department of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, South Korea
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8
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Deng F, Yamaji N, Ma JF, Lee S, Jeon J, Martinoia E, Lee Y, Song W. Engineering rice with lower grain arsenic. Plant Biotechnol J 2018; 16:1691-1699. [PMID: 29479780 PMCID: PMC6131421 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is a poisonous element that causes severe skin lesions and cancer in humans. Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a major dietary source of As in humans who consume this cereal as a staple food. We hypothesized that increasing As vacuolar sequestration would inhibit its translocation into the grain and reduce the amount of As entering the food chain. We developed transgenic rice plants expressing two different vacuolar As sequestration genes, ScYCF1 and OsABCC1, under the control of the RCc3 promoter in the root cortical and internode phloem cells, along with a bacterial γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase driven by the maize UBI promoter. The transgenic rice plants exhibited reduced root-to-shoot and internode-to-grain As translocation, resulting in a 70% reduction in As accumulation in the brown rice without jeopardizing agronomic traits. This technology could be used to reduce As intake, particularly in populations of South East Asia suffering from As toxicity and thereby improve human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenglin Deng
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and BiotechnologyPohang University of Science and TechnologyPohangKorea
| | - Naoki Yamaji
- Institute of Plant Science and ResourcesOkayama UniversityKurashikiJapan
| | - Jian Feng Ma
- Institute of Plant Science and ResourcesOkayama UniversityKurashikiJapan
| | - Sang‐Kyu Lee
- Graduate School of Biotechnology & Crop Biotech InstituteKyung Hee UniversityYonginKorea
| | - Jong‐Seong Jeon
- Graduate School of Biotechnology & Crop Biotech InstituteKyung Hee UniversityYonginKorea
| | | | - Youngsook Lee
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and BiotechnologyPohang University of Science and TechnologyPohangKorea
| | - Won‐Yong Song
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and BiotechnologyPohang University of Science and TechnologyPohangKorea
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9
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Wu H, Shabala L, Azzarello E, Huang Y, Pandolfi C, Su N, Wu Q, Cai S, Bazihizina N, Wang L, Zhou M, Mancuso S, Chen Z, Shabala S. Na+ extrusion from the cytosol and tissue-specific Na+ sequestration in roots confer differential salt stress tolerance between durum and bread wheat. J Exp Bot 2018; 69:3987-4001. [PMID: 29897491 PMCID: PMC6054258 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The progress in plant breeding for salinity stress tolerance is handicapped by the lack of understanding of the specificity of salt stress signalling and adaptation at the cellular and tissue levels. In this study, we used electrophysiological, fluorescence imaging, and real-time quantitative PCR tools to elucidate the essentiality of the cytosolic Na+ extrusion in functionally different root zones (elongation, meristem, and mature) in a large number of bread and durum wheat accessions. We show that the difference in the root's ability for vacuolar Na+ sequestration in the mature zone may explain differential salinity stress tolerance between salt-sensitive durum and salt-tolerant bread wheat species. Bread wheat genotypes also had on average 30% higher capacity for net Na+ efflux from the root elongation zone, providing the first direct evidence for the essentiality of the root salt exclusion trait at the cellular level. At the same time, cytosolic Na+ accumulation in the root meristem was significantly higher in bread wheat, leading to the suggestion that this tissue may harbour a putative salt sensor. This hypothesis was then tested by investigating patterns of Na+ distribution and the relative expression level of several key genes related to Na+ transport in leaves in plants with intact roots and in those in which the root meristems were removed. We show that tampering with this sensing mechanism has resulted in a salt-sensitive phenotype, largely due to compromising the plant's ability to sequester Na+ in mesophyll cell vacuoles. The implications of these findings for plant breeding for salinity stress tolerance are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honghong Wu
- School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, Private Bag, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Lana Shabala
- School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, Private Bag, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Elisa Azzarello
- Department of Horticulture, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Yuqing Huang
- School of Science and Health, Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Camilla Pandolfi
- Department of Horticulture, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Nana Su
- School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, Private Bag, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Qi Wu
- School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, Private Bag, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Shengguan Cai
- School of Science and Health, Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Nadia Bazihizina
- School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, Private Bag, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
- Department of Horticulture, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Lu Wang
- School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 55, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Meixue Zhou
- School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, Private Bag, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Stefano Mancuso
- Department of Horticulture, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Zhonghua Chen
- School of Science and Health, Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Sergey Shabala
- School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, Private Bag, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
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10
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Hossain MM, Khatun MA, Haque MN, Bari MA, Alam MF, Mandal A, Kabir AH. Silicon alleviates arsenic-induced toxicity in wheat through vacuolar sequestration and ROS scavenging. Int J Phytoremediation 2018; 20:796-804. [PMID: 29775096 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2018.1425669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is a phytotoxic element causing health hazards. This work investigates whether and how silicon (Si) alleviates As toxicity in wheat. The addition of Si under As-stress significantly improved morphophysiological characteristics, total protein, and membrane stability compared to As-stressed plants, suggesting that Si does have critical roles in As detoxification in wheat. Analysis of arsenate reductase activity and phytosiderophore (PS) release reveals their no involvement in the Si-mediated alleviation of As in wheat. Furthermore, Si supplementation in As-stressed plants showed a significant increase of As in roots but not in shoots compared with the plants grown under As stress. Further, gene expression analysis of two chelating molecules, TaPCS1 (phytochelatin synthase) and TaMT1 (metallothionein synthase) showed significant induction due to Si application under As stress compared with As-stressed plants. It is consistent with the physiological observations and suggests that alleviation of As toxicity in rice might be associated with As sequestration in roots leading to reduced As translocation in shoots. Furthermore, increased catalase, peroxidase, and glutathione reductase activities in roots imply the active involvement of reactive oxygen species scavenging for protecting wheat plants from As-induced oxidative injury. The study provides mechanistic evidence on the beneficial effect of Si on As toxicity in wheat plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Monayem Hossain
- a Molecular Plant Physiology Laboratory , Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi , Rajshahi , Bangladesh
| | - Most Amena Khatun
- a Molecular Plant Physiology Laboratory , Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi , Rajshahi , Bangladesh
| | - Md Najmul Haque
- a Molecular Plant Physiology Laboratory , Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi , Rajshahi , Bangladesh
| | - Md Azizul Bari
- a Molecular Plant Physiology Laboratory , Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi , Rajshahi , Bangladesh
- b Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Rajshahi , Rajshahi , Bangladesh
| | - Md Firoz Alam
- a Molecular Plant Physiology Laboratory , Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi , Rajshahi , Bangladesh
| | - Abul Mandal
- c Systems Biology Research Center , School of Bioscience, University of Skövde , Skövde , Sweden
| | - Ahmad Humayan Kabir
- a Molecular Plant Physiology Laboratory , Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi , Rajshahi , Bangladesh
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Shao JF, Xia J, Yamaji N, Shen RF, Ma JF. Effective reduction of cadmium accumulation in rice grain by expressing OsHMA3 under the control of the OsHMA2 promoter. J Exp Bot 2018; 69:2743-2752. [PMID: 29562302 PMCID: PMC5920337 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Reducing cadmium (Cd) accumulation in rice grain is an important issue for human health. The aim of this study was to manipulate both expression and tissue localization of OsHMA3, a tonoplast-localized Cd transporter, in the roots by expressing it under the control of the OsHMA2 promoter, which shows high expression in different organs including roots, nodes, and shoots. In two independent transgenic lines, the expression of OsHMA3 was significantly enhanced in all organs compared with non-transgenic rice. Furthermore, OsHMA3 protein was detected in the root pericycle cells and phloem region of both the diffuse vascular bundle and the enlarged vascular bundle of the nodes. At the vegetative stage, the Cd concentration in the shoots and xylem sap of the transgenic rice was significantly decreased, but that of the whole roots and root cell sap was increased. At the reproductive stage, the concentration of Cd, but not other essential metals, in the brown rice of transgenic lines was decreased to less than one-tenth that of the non-transgenic rice. These results indicate that expression of OsHMA3 under the control of the OsHMA2 promoter can effectively reduce Cd accumulation in rice grain through sequestering more Cd into the vacuoles of various tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Feng Shao
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Chuo, Kurashiki, Japan
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Jixing Xia
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Chuo, Kurashiki, Japan
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Naoki Yamaji
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Chuo, Kurashiki, Japan
| | - Ren Fang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Jian Feng Ma
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Chuo, Kurashiki, Japan
- Correspondence:
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Zhu W, Zuo R, Zhou R, Huang J, Tang M, Cheng X, Liu Y, Tong C, Xiang Y, Dong C, Liu S. Vacuolar Iron Transporter BnMEB2 Is Involved in Enhancing Iron Tolerance of Brassica napus. Front Plant Sci 2016; 7:1353. [PMID: 27679642 DOI: 10.3389/fpls201601353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Iron toxicity is a nutrient disorder that severely affects crop development and yield in some soil conditions. Vacuolar detoxification of metal stress is an important strategy for plants to survive and adapt to this adverse environment. Vacuolar iron transporter (VIT) members are involved in this process and play essential roles in iron storage and transport. In this study, we identified a rapeseed VIT gene BnMEB2 (BnaC07g30170D) homologs to Arabidopsis MEB2 (At5g24290). Transient expression analysis revealed that BnMEB2 was localized to the vacuolar membrane. Q-PCR detection showed a high expression of BnMEB2 in mature (60-day-old) leaves and could be obviously induced by exogenous iron stress in both roots and leaves. Over-expressed BnMEB2 in both Arabidopsis wild type and meb2 mutant seedlings resulted in greatly improved iron tolerability with no significant changes in the expression level of other VIT genes. The mutant meb2 grew slowly and its root hair elongation was inhibited under high iron concentration condition while BnMEB2 over-expressed transgenic plants of the mutant restored the phenotypes with apparently higher iron storage in roots and dramatically increased iron content in the whole plant. Taken together, these results suggested that BnMEB2 was a VIT gene in rapeseed which was necessary for safe storage and vacuole detoxification function of excess iron to enhance the tolerance of iron toxicity. This research sheds light on a potentially new strategy for attenuating hazardous metal stress from environment and improving iron biofortification in Brassicaceae crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhu
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture of PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences Wuhan, China
| | - Rong Zuo
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture of PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture SciencesWuhan, China; Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Rongfang Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture of PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences Wuhan, China
| | - Junyan Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture of PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture SciencesWuhan, China; Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Minqiang Tang
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture of PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaohui Cheng
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture of PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences Wuhan, China
| | - Yueying Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture of PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences Wuhan, China
| | - Chaobo Tong
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture of PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture SciencesWuhan, China; Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Yang Xiang
- Guizhou Rapeseed Institute, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences Guiyang, China
| | - Caihua Dong
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture of PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture SciencesWuhan, China; Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Shengyi Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture of PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture SciencesWuhan, China; Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei UniversityWuhan, China
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13
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Zhu W, Zuo R, Zhou R, Huang J, Tang M, Cheng X, Liu Y, Tong C, Xiang Y, Dong C, Liu S. Vacuolar Iron Transporter BnMEB2 Is Involved in Enhancing Iron Tolerance of Brassica napus. Front Plant Sci 2016; 7:1353. [PMID: 27679642 PMCID: PMC5020681 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Iron toxicity is a nutrient disorder that severely affects crop development and yield in some soil conditions. Vacuolar detoxification of metal stress is an important strategy for plants to survive and adapt to this adverse environment. Vacuolar iron transporter (VIT) members are involved in this process and play essential roles in iron storage and transport. In this study, we identified a rapeseed VIT gene BnMEB2 (BnaC07g30170D) homologs to Arabidopsis MEB2 (At5g24290). Transient expression analysis revealed that BnMEB2 was localized to the vacuolar membrane. Q-PCR detection showed a high expression of BnMEB2 in mature (60-day-old) leaves and could be obviously induced by exogenous iron stress in both roots and leaves. Over-expressed BnMEB2 in both Arabidopsis wild type and meb2 mutant seedlings resulted in greatly improved iron tolerability with no significant changes in the expression level of other VIT genes. The mutant meb2 grew slowly and its root hair elongation was inhibited under high iron concentration condition while BnMEB2 over-expressed transgenic plants of the mutant restored the phenotypes with apparently higher iron storage in roots and dramatically increased iron content in the whole plant. Taken together, these results suggested that BnMEB2 was a VIT gene in rapeseed which was necessary for safe storage and vacuole detoxification function of excess iron to enhance the tolerance of iron toxicity. This research sheds light on a potentially new strategy for attenuating hazardous metal stress from environment and improving iron biofortification in Brassicaceae crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhu
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture of PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture SciencesWuhan, China
| | - Rong Zuo
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture of PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture SciencesWuhan, China
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Rongfang Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture of PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture SciencesWuhan, China
| | - Junyan Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture of PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture SciencesWuhan, China
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Minqiang Tang
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture of PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture SciencesWuhan, China
| | - Xiaohui Cheng
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture of PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture SciencesWuhan, China
| | - Yueying Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture of PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture SciencesWuhan, China
| | - Chaobo Tong
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture of PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture SciencesWuhan, China
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Yang Xiang
- Guizhou Rapeseed Institute, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuiyang, China
| | - Caihua Dong
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture of PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture SciencesWuhan, China
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei UniversityWuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Caihua Dong,
| | - Shengyi Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture of PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture SciencesWuhan, China
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei UniversityWuhan, China
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Abstract
Subcellular flavonoid transport and its underlying regulatory mechanisms are still poorly understood, but are fascinating research frontiers in plant science. Recent studies support and further extend previous hypotheses indicating that vacuolar sequestration of flavonoids involves vesicle trafficking, membrane transporters, and glutathione S-transferase (GST). However, the question remains to be addressed of how three distinct but nonexclusive mechanisms are functionally integrated into diverse but redundant transport routes for vacuolar sequestration or extracellular secretion of flavonoids. In this review, I highlight recent progress in understanding flavonoid-transporting vesicle behavior and properties, GST and membrane transporter functions and mechanisms, and flavonoid transport substrate specificity and preference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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15
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Hasan MK, Ahammed GJ, Yin L, Shi K, Xia X, Zhou Y, Yu J, Zhou J. Melatonin mitigates cadmium phytotoxicity through modulation of phytochelatins biosynthesis, vacuolar sequestration, and antioxidant potential in Solanum lycopersicum L. Front Plant Sci 2015; 6:601. [PMID: 26322055 PMCID: PMC4531246 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin is a ubiquitous signal molecule, playing crucial roles in plant growth and stress tolerance. Recently, toxic metal cadmium (Cd) has been reported to regulate melatonin content in rice; however, the function of melatonin under Cd stress, particularly in higher plants, still remains elusive. Here, we show that optimal dose of melatonin could effectively ameliorate Cd-induced phytotoxicity in tomato. The contents of Cd and melatonin were gradually increased over time under Cd stress. However, such increase in endogenous melatonin was incapable to reverse detrimental effects of Cd. Meanwhile, supplementation with melatonin conferred Cd tolerance as evident by plant biomass and photosynthesis. In addition to notable increase in antioxidant enzymes activity, melatonin-induced Cd stress mitigation was closely associated with enhanced H(+)-ATPase activity and the contents of glutathione and phytochelatins. Although exogenous melatonin had no effect on root Cd content, it significantly reduced leaf Cd content, indicating its role in Cd transport. Analysis of Cd in different subcellular compartments revealed that melatonin increased cell wall and vacuolar fractions of Cd. Our results suggest that melatonin-induced enhancements in antioxidant potential, phytochelatins biosynthesis and subsequent Cd sequestration might play a critical role in plant tolerance to Cd. Such a mechanism may have potential implication in safe food production.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lingling Yin
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, HangzhouChina
| | - Kai Shi
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, HangzhouChina
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative BiologyHangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojian Xia
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, HangzhouChina
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative BiologyHangzhou, China
| | - Yanhong Zhou
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, HangzhouChina
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative BiologyHangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plants Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Agricultural Ministry of ChinaHangzhou, China
| | - Jingquan Yu
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, HangzhouChina
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative BiologyHangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plants Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Agricultural Ministry of ChinaHangzhou, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, HangzhouChina
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative BiologyHangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jie Zhou, Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou 310058, China,
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Song WY, Yamaki T, Yamaji N, Ko D, Jung KH, Fujii-Kashino M, An G, Martinoia E, Lee Y, Ma JF. A rice ABC transporter, OsABCC1, reduces arsenic accumulation in the grain. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:15699-704. [PMID: 25331872 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1414968111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 254] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is a chronic poison that causes severe skin lesions and cancer. Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a major dietary source of As; therefore, reducing As accumulation in the rice grain and thereby diminishing the amount of As that enters the food chain is of critical importance. Here, we report that a member of the Oryza sativa C-type ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter (OsABCC) family, OsABCC1, is involved in the detoxification and reduction of As in rice grains. We found that OsABCC1 was expressed in many organs, including the roots, leaves, nodes, peduncle, and rachis. Expression was not affected when plants were exposed to low levels of As but was up-regulated in response to high levels of As. In both the basal nodes and upper nodes, which are connected to the panicle, OsABCC1 was localized to the phloem region of vascular bundles. Furthermore, OsABCC1 was localized to the tonoplast and conferred phytochelatin-dependent As resistance in yeast. Knockout of OsABCC1 in rice resulted in decreased tolerance to As, but did not affect cadmium toxicity. At the reproductive growth stage, the As content was higher in the nodes and in other tissues of wild-type rice than in those of OsABCC1 knockout mutants, but was significantly lower in the grain. Taken together, our results indicate that OsABCC1 limits As transport to the grains by sequestering As in the vacuoles of the phloem companion cells of the nodes in rice.
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Bonales-Alatorre E, Pottosin I, Shabala L, Chen ZH, Zeng F, Jacobsen SE, Shabala S. Differential activity of plasma and vacuolar membrane transporters contributes to genotypic differences in salinity tolerance in a Halophyte Species, Chenopodium quinoa. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:9267-85. [PMID: 23629664 PMCID: PMC3676782 DOI: 10.3390/ijms14059267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2013] [Revised: 04/13/2013] [Accepted: 04/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Halophytes species can be used as a highly convenient model system to reveal key ionic and molecular mechanisms that confer salinity tolerance in plants. Earlier, we reported that quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.), a facultative C3 halophyte species, can efficiently control the activity of slow (SV) and fast (FV) tonoplast channels to match specific growth conditions by ensuring that most of accumulated Na+ is safely locked in the vacuole (Bonales-Alatorre et al. (2013) Plant Physiology). This work extends these finding by comparing the properties of tonoplast FV and SV channels in two quinoa genotypes contrasting in their salinity tolerance. The work is complemented by studies of the kinetics of net ion fluxes across the plasma membrane of quinoa leaf mesophyll tissue. Our results suggest that multiple mechanisms contribute towards genotypic differences in salinity tolerance in quinoa. These include: (i) a higher rate of Na+ exclusion from leaf mesophyll; (ii) maintenance of low cytosolic Na+ levels; (iii) better K+ retention in the leaf mesophyll; (iv) a high rate of H+ pumping, which increases the ability of mesophyll cells to restore their membrane potential; and (v) the ability to reduce the activity of SV and FV channels under saline conditions. These mechanisms appear to be highly orchestrated, thus enabling the remarkable overall salinity tolerance of quinoa species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgar Bonales-Alatorre
- School of Agricultural Science and Tasmanian Institute for Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 54, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia; E-Mails: (E.B.-A.); (L.S.); (F.Z.)
- University Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Colima, 28045 Colima, Mexico; E-Mail:
| | - Igor Pottosin
- University Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Colima, 28045 Colima, Mexico; E-Mail:
| | - Lana Shabala
- School of Agricultural Science and Tasmanian Institute for Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 54, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia; E-Mails: (E.B.-A.); (L.S.); (F.Z.)
| | - Zhong-Hua Chen
- School of Science and Health, University of Western Sydney, Richmond, NSW 2753, Australia; E-Mail:
| | - Fanrong Zeng
- School of Agricultural Science and Tasmanian Institute for Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 54, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia; E-Mails: (E.B.-A.); (L.S.); (F.Z.)
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Sven-Erik Jacobsen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Højbakkegaard Allé 13, 2630 Taastrup, Denmark; E-Mail:
| | - Sergey Shabala
- School of Agricultural Science and Tasmanian Institute for Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 54, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia; E-Mails: (E.B.-A.); (L.S.); (F.Z.)
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