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Variation in Early Pediatric Intensive Care Management Strategies and Duration of Invasive Mechanical Ventilation for Acute Viral Bronchiolitis in the United Kingdom: A Retrospective Multicenter Cohort Study. Pediatr Crit Care Med 2023; 24:1010-1021. [PMID: 37493464 DOI: 10.1097/pcc.0000000000003333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Management of mechanically ventilated patients with bronchiolitis is not standardized and duration of mechanical ventilation has been shown to vary widely between centers. The aim of this study was to examine practice in a large number of U.K. PICUs with a view to identify if early management choices relating to fluid prescription, sedative agent use, and endotracheal tube (ETT) placement were associated with differences in duration of invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). DESIGN Retrospective multicenter cohort study. Primary outcome was duration of IMV. A hierarchical gamma generalized linear model was used to test for associations between practice variables (sedative and neuromuscular blocking agents, route of endotracheal intubation at 24 hr and fluid balance at 48 hr) and duration of IMV after adjustment for known confounders. SETTING Thirteen U.K. PICUs. Duration of 2 months between November and December 2019. PATIENTS Three hundred fifty infants receiving IMV for bronchiolitis. Excluded were patients receiving long-term ventilation, extracorporeal life support, or who died before separation from IMV. INTERVENTIONS None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS After adjustment for confounders, several variables were associated with an increase in the geometric mean duration of IMV (expressed as a percentage) including: nasal ETT use, 16% (95% CI, 1-32%); neuromuscular blockade use, 39% (95% CI, 21-61%); and fluid balance at 48 hr, 13% per 100 mL/kg positive fluid balance (95% CI, -1% to 28%). The association of sedative use varied with class of agent. The use of an alpha-2 agonist alone was associated with a reduction in duration of IMV by 19% in relation to no sedative agent (95% CI, -31 to -5%), whereas benzodiazepine uses alone or with alpha-2 agonist in combination were similar to using neither agent. CONCLUSIONS Early management strategies for bronchiolitis were associated with the duration of IMV across U.K. centers after adjustment for confounders. Future work should prospectively assess the impact of fluid restriction, route of endotracheal intubation, and alpha-2 agonist use on duration of IMV in infants with bronchiolitis, with the aim of reducing seasonal bed pressure.
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Progress in understanding whether respiratory syncytial virus infection in infancy causes asthma in childhood. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2023; 152:866-869. [PMID: 37604311 PMCID: PMC10962220 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2023.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
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Bronchiolitis guidelines: what about the Italian situation in a primary care setting? Ital J Pediatr 2023; 49:123. [PMID: 37726761 PMCID: PMC10510229 DOI: 10.1186/s13052-023-01527-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute viral bronchiolitis is the most common cause of hospitalization in children under 12 months of age. The variable clinical presentation and the potential for sudden deterioration of the clinical conditions require a close monitoring by healthcare professionals.In Italy, first access care for children is provided by primary care physicians (PCPs) who often must face to a heterogeneous disease presentation that, in some cases, make the management of patient with bronchiolitis challenging. Consequently, Italian studies report poor adherence to national and international guidelines processed to guide the clinicians in decision making in acute viral bronchiolitis.This paper aims to identify the potential factors contributing to the lack of adherence to the suggested guidelines derived by clear and evidence-based recommendations among primary care physicians operating in an outpatient setting, with a specific focus on the context of Italy. Particularly, we focus on the prescription of medications such as β2-agonists, systemic steroids, and antibiotics which are commonly prescribed by PCPs to address conditions that can mimic bronchiolitis.
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Changes in lung sounds after bronchodilator inhalation in acute bronchiolitis. Pediatr Int 2023; 65:e15676. [PMID: 37888614 DOI: 10.1111/ped.15676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
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Retrospective observational study of the influence of the COVID-19 outbreak on infants' hospitalisation for acute bronchiolitis. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e059626. [PMID: 36316083 PMCID: PMC9627576 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-059626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Acute bronchiolitis is a major public health issue with high number of infants hospitalised worldwide each year. In France, hospitalisations mostly occur between October and March and peak in December. A reduction of emergency visits for bronchiolitis has been observed at onset of the COVID-19 outbreak. We aimed to assess the pandemic effects on the hospitalisations for bronchiolitis during the 2020-2021 winter (COVID-19 period) compared with three previous winters (pre-COVID-19). DESIGN Retrospective, observational and cross-sectional study. SETTING Tertiary university paediatric hospital in Paris (France). PARTICIPANTS All infants aged under 12 months who were hospitalised for acute bronchiolitis during the autumn/winter seasons (1 October to 31 March) from 2017 to 2021 were included. Clinical and laboratory data were collected using standardised forms. RESULTS During the COVID-19 period was observed, a 54.3% reduction in hospitalisations for bronchiolitis associated with a delayed peak (February instead of November-December). Clinical characteristics and hospitalisation courses were substantially similar. The differences during the COVID-19 period were: smaller proportion of infants with comorbidities (8% vs 14% p=0.02), lower need for oxygen (45% vs 55%, p=0.01), higher proportions of metapneumovirus, parainfluenzae 3, bocavirus, coronavirus NL63 and OC43 (all p≤0.01) and no influenza. The three infants positive for SARS-CoV-2 were also positive for respiratory syncytial virus, suggesting that SARS-CoV-2 alone does not cause bronchiolitis, despite previous assumptions. CONCLUSION The dramatic reduction in infants' hospitalisations for acute bronchiolitis is an opportunity to change our future habits such as advising the population to wear masks and apply additional hygiene measures in case of respiratory tract infections. This may change the worldwide bronchiolitis burden and improve children respiratory outcomes.
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Les β 2-agonistes pour la bronchiolite virale. CANADIAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN MEDECIN DE FAMILLE CANADIEN 2022; 68:431-433. [PMID: 35701199 PMCID: PMC9197290 DOI: 10.46747/cfp.6806431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Question Au mois de février, un bébé de 9 mois est amené à ma clinique d’urgence rurale après un épisode de 2 jours de toux et de congestion, et de 1 jour de difficultés respiratoires. Une auscultation des poumons révèle des sons diffus, de faibles sibilances et des crépitants. En tenant compte de l’âge du bébé, de la symptomatologie et de la saison hivernale, le diagnostic probable est une bronchiolite. Les β2-agonistes inhalés sont-ils un traitement approprié pour un tel patient? Réponse Il n’est pas indiqué d’utiliser des β2-agonistes inhalés chez les enfants de 2 ans et moins souffrant de bronchiolite. La sibilance fait le plus souvent partie des critères diagnostiques d’une bronchiolite, qui est une infection virale des voies respiratoires inférieures chez les jeunes enfants. Au contraire de l’asthme, la bronchiolite ne compte pas parmi ses symptômes la contraction des muscles lisses du poumon. Le traitement de la bronchiolite exige des soins de soutien, et il n’a pas été démontré que les interventions pharmacologiques, comme les β2-agonistes, les corticostéroïdes et les antibiotiques, raccourcissaient la durée de la maladie, diminuaient sa gravité ou réduisaient les taux d’hospitalisation. Il pourrait y avoir un sous-groupe de nourrissons souffrant de bronchiolite qui répondraient à un traitement aux β2-agonistes; toutefois, ce groupe n’a pas encore été entièrement défini dans la littérature jusqu’ici.
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Abstract
Question A 9-month-old baby presented to my rural emergency department with 2 days of cough and congestion and 1 day of breathing difficulties in the month of February. An auscultation examination of the lungs indicated there were scattered, faint wheezes and coarse sounds. Based on the baby’s age, symptomatology, and the winter season, the likely diagnosis was bronchiolitis. Are inhaled β2-agonists an appropriate treatment for this patient? Answer The use of inhaled β2-agonists in children younger than 2 years of age with bronchiolitis is not indicated. Wheezing is most commonly part of the diagnosis of bronchiolitis, a lower respiratory viral infection in young children. Unlike with asthma, smooth muscle constriction in the lungs is not a symptom of bronchiolitis. Treatment of bronchiolitis requires supportive care, but pharmaceutical interventions such as β2-agonists, steroids, and antibiotics have not been shown to decrease length of illness, illness severity, or hospitalization rates. There may be a subgroup of infants with bronchiolitis who respond to β2-agonists treatment; however, this group has not been fully identified in the literature to date.
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Proteome signature difference between respiratory viruses is associated with severity of bronchiolitis. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2021; 32:1869-1872. [PMID: 34314071 PMCID: PMC8561626 DOI: 10.1111/pai.13606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Pneumococcal septic shock after neonatal respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis: A case report and literature review. ACTA BIO-MEDICA : ATENEI PARMENSIS 2021; 92:e2021111. [PMID: 33944814 PMCID: PMC8142759 DOI: 10.23750/abm.v92is1.11209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bronchiolitis is a common cause of hospitalisation of infants less than a year old, with most infants recovering without complications. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of bronchiolitis. Antimicrobial stewardship programmes do not recommend antibiotics for viral infections in neonates unless documented evidence of secondary bacterial infection is present. CASE REPORT We present the case of a 7-day-old infant admitted to hospital with chest retractions and fever. The baby was hospitalised, empirical antibiotic therapy was administered, and non-invasive ventilation was started. When the viral aetiology was identified and clinical conditions improved, antibiotics were discontinued. However, after 48 hours, the newborn's condition worsened because of pneumococcal septic shock. Intravenous fluids, catecholamine support, and wide-spectrum antibiotics were administered. Non-invasive ventilation was re-started and continued until the full recovery. CONCLUSIONS There is increasing evidence that RSV and S. pneumoniae co-infect and interact with each other, thus increasing respiratory diseases' severity. We provide a brief overview of the main international guidelines for managing bronchiolitis. Guidelines suggest avoidance of antibiotics use when the diagnosis of viral bronchiolitis is confirmed. We discuss the uncertainties regarding antibiotic use, especially in younger infants, who are more exposed to risks of bacterial superinfection.
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Toward Standardized Supportive Care During Invasive Mechanical Ventilation for Bronchiolitis: Time to Bundle Up for the Winter? Pediatr Crit Care Med 2021; 22:323-325. [PMID: 33657613 DOI: 10.1097/pcc.0000000000002644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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The importance of viral load in the severity of acute bronchiolitis in hospitalized infants. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2021; 76:e3192. [PMID: 34878030 PMCID: PMC8610217 DOI: 10.6061/clinics/2021/e3192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The relationship between viral load and the clinical evolution of bronchiolitis is controversial. Therefore, we aimed to analyze viral loads in infants hospitalized for bronchiolitis. METHODS We tested for the presence of human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) or human rhinovirus (HRV) using quantitative molecular tests of nasopharyngeal secretions and recorded severity outcomes. RESULTS We included 70 infants [49 (70%) HRSV, 9 (13%) HRV and 12 (17%) HRSV+HRV]. There were no differences among the groups according to the outcomes analyzed individually. Clinical scores showed greater severity in the isolated HRSV infection group. A higher isolated HRSV viral load was associated with more prolonged ventilatory support, oxygen therapy, and hospitalization days, even after adjustment for the age and period of nasopharyngeal secretion collection. In the co-infection groups, there was a longer duration of oxygen therapy when the HRSV viral load was predominant. Isolated HRV infection and co-infection with a predominance of HRV were not associated with severity. CONCLUSION Higher HRSV viral load in isolated infections and the predominance of HRSV in co-infections, independent of viral load, were associated with greater severity. These results contribute to the development of therapeutic and prophylactic approaches and a greater understanding of the pathophysiology of bronchiolitis.
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Retrospective study found that helmet continuous positive airway pressure provided effective support for severe bronchiolitis. Acta Paediatr 2020; 109:2671-2673. [PMID: 32506555 PMCID: PMC7754108 DOI: 10.1111/apa.15395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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13
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Does Normal Saline Have Clinical Effects in Infants with Bronchiolitis?: Evidence-based Medicine Viewpoint. Indian Pediatr 2020; 57:254-257. [PMID: 32198866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
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Does Normal Saline Have Clinical Effects in Infants with Bronchiolitis?: Pediatric Pulmonologist's Viewpoint. Indian Pediatr 2020; 57:257. [PMID: 32198867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
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Viral bronchiolitis for the clinician. J Paediatr Child Health 2012; 48:453-4. [PMID: 22568442 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1754.2012.02457.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Viral bronchiolitis for the clinician. J Paediatr Child Health 2012; 48:453. [PMID: 22568443 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1754.2012.02456.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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20
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Anita Harrison, RN, CCNC Case Manager. N C Med J 2009; 70:194-196. [PMID: 19653600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
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[Viruses protect against asthma]. Arch Pediatr 2003; 10 Suppl 1:96s-97s. [PMID: 14509757 DOI: 10.1016/s0929-693x(03)90397-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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22
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[Association of acute bronchiolitis with climate factors and environmental contamination]. Rev Med Chil 2003; 131:1117-22. [PMID: 14692300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Annually, acute bronchiolitis (AB) occurrence peaks during winter and is probably associated with air pollution. AIM To relate the number of ambulatory consultations, emergency and hospital admission due to AB with climatic factors and air pollution. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients of less than 1 year old with AB that consulted to outpatient clinics, the emergency room or were admitted to the Pediatrics ward of the Catholic University Hospital, were enrolled. Information about respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) was obtained from the Catholic University Medical Investigation Center. Indices of air pollution such as particulate matters of less than 10 microns/m3 (PM 10), of less than 2.5 microns/m3 (PM 2.5), CO, SO3 and O3 were obtained from the Metropolitan Environmental Service. Temperature, humidity and precipitations were obtained from the Chilean Meteorological Service. RESULTS Ninety nine consultations in out patient clinics and 442 in emergency rooms were collected (55% male, mean age 4.8 months). One hundred fifty two were admitted (34.4%). Thirty percent of children consulting in emergency rooms were younger than 3 months and 43% of them were hospitalized. The RSV study was made in 307 patients and 52% were positive. There was a higher rate of hospital admissions among RSV positive than RSV negative patients (52.5 and 22% respectively, p < 0.001). No association between environmental variables or air pollution and the number of consultations was observed. Young age and smoking inside the household were the main risk factors for hospital admission due to acute bronchiolitis. CONCLUSIONS Environmental variables did not influence the number of cases of acute bronchiolitis. Young age and exposure to tobacco smoke were risk factors for hospital admission.
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CLINICAL MANAGEMENT OF SEVERE RESPIRATORY DISEASE REQUIRING CARDIAC AND PULMONARY SURGERY. Am J Surg 1996; 108:611-6. [PMID: 14225942 DOI: 10.1016/0002-9610(64)90100-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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FREQUENCY OF COMPLICATIONS OF MEASLES, 1963. REPORT ON A NATIONAL INQUIRY BY THE PUBLIC HEALTH LABORATORY SERVICE IN COLLABORATION WITH THE SOCIETY OF MEDICAL OFFICERS OF HEALTH. BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL 1996; 2:75-8. [PMID: 14147791 PMCID: PMC1815949 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.2.5401.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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[Viral respiratory diseases in childhood]. Minerva Med 1980; 71:3607-10. [PMID: 7454117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Viral infections of the respiratory apparatus occur more frequently and their aetiology is often different, but there is no substantial difference between cases in children and in adults. Some clinical pictures, such as colds, laryngitis and bronchiolitis do, however, have an aetiology, symptomatology and course that deserves consideration. Features and diagnostic and therapeutic problems of these forms are analysed in brief.
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[Bronchiolitis. Official theme of the 12th national congress of the Sociedad Chilena de Pediatría held at Concepción, 19 November 1977]. REVISTA CHILENA DE PEDIATRIA 1978; 49:107-21. [PMID: 42123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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31
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[Bronchiolitis obliterans (author's transl)]. HAREFUAH 1976; 91:446-8. [PMID: 191335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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[Emergencies among children]. MEDIZINISCHE MONATSSCHRIFT 1975; 29:238-42. [PMID: 772402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Aorta, heart and lung vessels in idiopathic pulmonary emphysema related to pulmonary function. ACTA RADIOLOGICA: DIAGNOSIS 1974; 15:198-216. [PMID: 4827360 DOI: 10.1177/028418517401500211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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[Influenza of the infant]. LA REVUE DU PRATICIEN 1973; 23:521-9. [PMID: 4736574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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[Bronchiolitis]. REVISTA CHILENA DE PEDIATRIA 1971; 42:133-8. [PMID: 5088124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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[Rhino-broncho-pulmonary infections due to syncytial respiratory virus in children]. ANNALES DE PEDIATRIE 1970; 17:760-8. [PMID: 5488676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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[Adenovirus-related respiratory and enteral infections in childhood]. MONATSSCHRIFT FUR KINDERHEILKUNDE 1970; 118:370-2. [PMID: 4331984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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[Pathological bronchial secretion in various types of bronchitis]. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR DIE GESAMTE INNERE MEDIZIN UND IHRE GRENZGEBIETE 1968; 23:609-15. [PMID: 5704591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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[Preliminary observations on the incidence of respiratory syncytial virus infection in acute respiratory diseases in childhood. Statistics of the Pediatric Clinic, November 1967-April 1968]. RIVISTA DI CLINICA PEDIATRICA 1968; 81:339-43. [PMID: 5761105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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The morphological and biological effects of various antisera on avian infectious bronchitis virus. J Gen Virol 1968; 3:97-102. [PMID: 5692879 DOI: 10.1099/0022-1317-3-1-97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
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[Bronchiolitis]. L'UNION MEDICALE DU CANADA 1968; 97:773-9. [PMID: 5758624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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[Virus rhinitis]. SCHWEIZERISCHE MEDIZINISCHE WOCHENSCHRIFT 1968; 98:369-73. [PMID: 4297918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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[Acute respiratory tract infections in children]. Ugeskr Laeger 1967; 129:1281-3. [PMID: 5598711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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[Bronchopulmonary mycoses in Venezuela]. EL TORAX 1967; 16:135-45. [PMID: 4897849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Clinical pathologic conference. Am Heart J 1967; 73:542-549. [PMID: 6020617 DOI: 10.1016/0002-8703(67)90211-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
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47
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[Obliterating bronchiolitis. A propos of a case in a 10-month-old infant]. ARCHIVES D'ANATOMIE PATHOLOGIQUE 1966; 14:253-9. [PMID: 4299679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Wheezing associated with respiratory tract infections in children. The role of specific infectious agents in allergic respiratory manifestations. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 1966; 5:586-92. [PMID: 4162762 DOI: 10.1177/000992286600501004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
This paper reviews the known relation ships of common acute bacterial and viral respiratory infections to the asth matic state and to wheezing attacks in children. Implications for treatment are discussed in view of what has already been learned and what we need to know.
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[Acute viral bronchiolitis in infants]. PEDIATRIE 1966; 21:545-57. [PMID: 5943514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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