Infrared and Raman spectroscopic analyses and theoretical computation of 4-butyl-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-phenyl-3,5-pyrazolidinedione

Infrared and Raman spectroscopic analyses were carried out on 4-butyl-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-phenyl-3,5-pyrazolidinedione. The interpretation of the spectra was aided by DFT calculation of the molecule. The vibrational wavenumbers were examined theoretically using the Gaussian03 set of quantum chemistry codes and the normal modes were assigned by potential energy distribution calculations. A computation of the first hyperpolarizability of the compound indicates that the compound may be a good candidate as a NLO material. Optimized geometrical parameters are in agreement with the reported XRD results. The RMS error of the observed Raman bands and IR bands are found to be 35.09 and 39.57 for HF method and 14.31 and 17.17 for DFT method. The predicted infrared intensities and Raman activities are reported.

Comparison of the effects of captopril and enalapril on oxyphenbutazone and ethanol-induced gastric lesions in rats

We have compared the effect of the converting enzyme inhibitors, captopril and enalapril, on two models of gastric ulcers, viz; ethanol and oxyphenbutazone-induced lesions in rats. Both captopril and enalapril did not affect ethanol-induced lesions. While captopril significantly protected against oxyphenbutazone-induced lesions, enalapril aggravated the lesions. This difference is probably due to the lack of the protective sulfhydryl group in the chemical structure of enalapril.

Effect of captopril on oxyphenbutazone and ethanol-induced gastric lesions in rats

We studied the effect of the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, captopril, on two models of gastric ulcers; oxyphenbutazone and ethanol-induced lesions. There was a significant protective effect against oxyphenbutazone-induced ulcers, which was prevented by prior administration of indomethacin. Captopril, however, failed to protect against ethanol-induced lesions. These findings are discussed in the light of captopril being a sulfhydryl compound with prostaglandin-releasing activity.

A new approach to encapsulating nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. III. Coating acidic as well as basic nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs with cellulose derivatives having different functional groups

Acidic and basic nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were encapsulated with cellulose derivatives having different functional groups, acidic (carboxymethyl cellulose), basic (chitosan), and neutral (hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose). The properties of the microcapsules were studied and the interaction of the drugs with chitosan was assessed.

Initiating polymerization of glycol methacrylate with cyclic diketo carbon acids

Several pharmacologically active cyclic diketone carbon acids, including phenylbutazone and 2-phenyl-1,3-indandione, catalyze the polymerization of glycol methacrylate monomers. GMA-cyclic diketone carbon acid monomer mixtures incorporating imidazole polymerize smoothly without obvious exothermicity at temperatures ranging from ambient to -5 C without the use of ultraviolet light. The only equipment required for this embedding technique is a refrigerator with a freezing compartment which can maintain temperatures of -15 C. A recipe consisting of 5 ml glycol methacrylate (2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate), 0.8 ml 1-pentanol, 16 mg imidazole, and 30 mg monophenylbutazone is recommended for general use. The use of dicyclopentyl methacrylate-glycol methacrylate comonomer mixtures incorporating cyclic ketone catalysts is advocated, as blends of these monomers have low basophilia, and tissues embedded in these matrices stain sharply and brilliantly. It is hypothesized that the driving force for the cyclic ketone-mediated polymerization of glycol methacrylate under basic conditions is furnished by the lysis of cyclic ketone carbon acid peroxides.

Alteration of protein-binding during storage of human plasma preparations

The influence of the storage of plasma preparations on binding was studied in different drugs. No alteration on only a slight alteration of binding was found if the plasma preparations were kept deep-frozen, or at temperatures between +3 degrees and +4 degrees C, for up to 12 months. More marked changes were found for some drugs if the plasma preparations were lyophilized or stored at +32 degrees C, for 6 and 12 months.

Interference by acetaminophen in the glucose oxidase-peroxidase method for blood glucose determination

Acetaminophen, p-aminophenol, and oxyphenbutazone interfere with the glucose oxidase/peroxidase method for glucose. Structurally related compounds that lack a free phenolic hydroxyl group (acetanilide, aniline, and phenylbutazone) do not interfere. During the analytical procedure acetaminophen is consumed. One mole of acetaminophen leads to an apparent loss of four moles of glucose. The hexokinase/glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase method (Boehringer Hexokinase method) is not affected by these substances.

The in vivo pH of the extravascular space of the lung

The partition of 5,5-dimethyloxazolidine-2,4-dione (DMO) and of 11 amines between the vascular and extravascular spaces of the lung has been determined by the multiple indicator dilution technique. Four amines (nicotine, pentylamine, quinine, and benzylamine) were found to have pH-sensitive tissue to blood concentration ratios. Of these, tritiated nicotine appears to be the nost satisfactory indicator of tissue pH and values for the pH of the pulmonary extravascular space (pH(e)) have been calculated from the nicotine data. At an arterial pH (pH(art)) between 7.38 and 7.43 pH(e) averaged 6.69 +/-0.07. Changes in pH(e) usually paralleled but were consistently less than concomitant changes in pH(art). Alterations in P(CO2) at constant pH(art) regularly produced relatively small, parallel changes in extravascular hydrogen ion concentrations. Local alterations in tissue pH due to P(CO2) changes are apparently buffered quite rapidly and the pH(e) of the lung seems more closely linked to pH(art) than the cellular pH of other tissues.DMO, guanidine, methylamine, morphine, and atropine were confined to the vascular volume during the first circulation and could not be used to measure tissue pH. Histamine appeared to be bound to a pH-insensitive site. The extravascular distributions of antipyrine and aniline were unresponsive to alterations in arterial pH, presumably because they are essentially uncharged at pH levels found in the lung.