1
|
Hida A, Okano N, Tadokoro C, Fukunishi M, Ahmed AA, Takenaka K, Tateuchi Y, Fujioka K, Torii H, Tajima T, Kato J. Fermented botanical fertilizer controls bacterial wilt of tomatoes caused by Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2024; 88:571-576. [PMID: 38383669 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbae016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
This study demonstrates the effect of fermented botanical product (FBP) on Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum-induced bacterial wilt disease and unravels its action mechanism. Soaking with diluted FBP solutions (0.1%-0.5%) significantly suppressed bacterial wilt in tomato plants, and FBP-treated tomato plants grew well against R. pseudosolanacearum infection. Growth assays showed that FBP had no antibacterial effect but promoted R. pseudosolanacearum growth. In contrast, few or no R. pseudosolanacearum cells were detected in aerial parts of tomato plants grown in FBP-soaked soil. Subsequent infection assays using the chemotaxis-deficient mutant (ΔcheA) or the root-dip inoculation method revealed that FBP does not affect pathogen migration to plant roots during infection. Moreover, FBP-pretreated tomato plants exhibited reduced bacterial wilt in the absence of FBP. These findings suggest that the plant, but not the pathogen, could be affected by FBP, resulting in an induced resistance against R. pseudosolanacearum, leading to a suppressive effect on bacterial wilt.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Hida
- Program of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Nanako Okano
- Program of Biotechnology, School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Chika Tadokoro
- Program of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Myuji Fukunishi
- Program of Biotechnology, School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Asmaa Ali Ahmed
- Program of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Kohei Takenaka
- Department of Research and Development, Manda Fermentation Co., Ltd., Onomichi, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yusuke Tateuchi
- Department of Research and Development, Manda Fermentation Co., Ltd., Onomichi, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kotaro Fujioka
- Department of Research and Development, Manda Fermentation Co., Ltd., Onomichi, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hideto Torii
- Department of Research and Development, Manda Fermentation Co., Ltd., Onomichi, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takahisa Tajima
- Program of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Junichi Kato
- Program of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rajamma SB, Raj A, Kalampalath V, Eapen SJ. Elucidation of antibacterial effect of calcium chloride against Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum race 4 biovar 3 infecting ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.). Arch Microbiol 2021; 203:663-671. [PMID: 33029663 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-020-02052-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial wilt incited by Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum (Rps) race 4 biovar 3 is a serious threat to ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) cultivation throughout the ginger growing tracts and warrants effective remedial measures since most of the strategies failed at field level implementation. After a series of experiments, calcium chloride was found to be effective against Rps both in vitro and in planta and its prophylactic effect has been successfully demonstrated under field conditions. CaCl2 at a concentration of > 2% significantly inhibited Rps under in vitro conditions. Calcium is an important nutritional element imparts a major role in plant disease resistance, and numerous studies have demonstrated the mitigating effect of calcium for disease management. CaCl2 being inhibitory to Rps, the mechanism of inhibition by CaCl2 against Rps was elucidated by a series of in vitro assays including swarming motility and biofilm formation. Direct inhibition was also studied using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The minimum bactericidal concentration and minimum inhibitory concentration were found to be around 3% while the EC 90 value was found to be 2.25%. The SEM analysis revealed the destruction of cell structure by making perforations on the cell surface. CaCl2 at the targeted concentrations inhibited biofilm formation as well as swarming motility of Rps. These findings suggest that CaCl2 exhibits strong antibacterial activity against Rps and has the potential to be used as an effective bactericide for Rps in managing bacterial wilt in ginger.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suseela Bhai Rajamma
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Spices Research, Marikunnu P O, Kozhikode, Kerala, 673012, India.
| | - Ammu Raj
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Spices Research, Marikunnu P O, Kozhikode, Kerala, 673012, India
| | - Vincy Kalampalath
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Spices Research, Marikunnu P O, Kozhikode, Kerala, 673012, India
| | - Santhosh J Eapen
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Spices Research, Marikunnu P O, Kozhikode, Kerala, 673012, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wakimoto T, Nakagishi S, Matsukawa N, Tani S, Kai K. A Unique Combination of Two Different Quorum Sensing Systems in the β-Rhizobium Cupriavidus taiwanensis. J Nat Prod 2020; 83:1876-1884. [PMID: 32484353 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c00054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cupriavidus taiwanensis LMG19424, a β-rhizobial symbiont of Mimosa pudica, harbors phc and tqs quorum sensing (QS), which are the homologous cell-cell communication systems previously identified from the plant pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum and the human pathogen Vibrio cholerae, respectively. However, there has been no experimental evidence reported that these QS systems function in C. taiwanensis LMG19424. We identified (R)-methyl 3-hydroxymyristate (3-OH MAME) and (S)-3-hydroxypentadecan-4-one (C15-AHK) as phc and tqs QS signals, respectively, and characterized these QS systems. The expression of the signal synthase gene phcB and tqsA in E. coli BL21(DE3) resulted in the high production of 3-OH MAME and C15-AHK, respectively. Their structures were elucidated by comparison of EI-MS data and GC/chiral LC retention times with synthetic standards. The deletion of phcB reduced cell motility and increased biofilm formation, and the double deletion of phcB/tqsA caused the accumulation of the metal chelator coproporphyrin III in its mutant culture. Although the deletion of phcB and tqsA slightly reduced its ability to nodulate on aseptically grown seedlings of M. pudica, there was no significant difference in nodule formation between LMG19424 and its QS mutants when commercial soils were used. Taken together, this is the first example of the simultaneous production of 3-OH MAME/C15-AHK as QS signals in a bacterial species, and the importance of the phc/tqs QS systems in the saprophytic stage of C. taiwanensis LMG19424 is suggested.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Wakimoto
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Shiori Nakagishi
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Nao Matsukawa
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Shuji Tani
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Kenji Kai
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Fu HZ, Marian M, Enomoto T, Suga H, Shimizu M. Potential Use of L-arabinose for the Control of Tomato Bacterial Wilt. Microbes Environ 2020; 35:ME20106. [PMID: 33087626 PMCID: PMC7734405 DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.me20106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the potential of simple sugars for use as protection agents in the control of tomato bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum. Based on the sugar assimilation patterns of the pathogen, four unassimilable sugars (L-arabinose, maltose, D-raffinose, and D-ribose) were selected from 10 representative sugars present in tomato root exudates. These sugars were evaluated for their effects on bacterial wilt using a tomato seedling bioassay. The application of 0.25% L-arabinose significantly reduced disease severity and was, thus, selected as a candidate for further evaluations in a pot experiment under glasshouse conditions. The results obtained showed that the disease suppressive effects of L-arabinose slightly increased at higher concentrations; drench treatments at 0.1, 0.25, and 0.5% reduced disease severity by ca. 48, 70, and 87%, respectively. The drench treatment with 0.5% L-arabinose significantly reduced the pathogen population in the rhizosphere and stem tissues of tomato plants without any antibacterial activity. Real-time reverse-transcription PCR revealed that the expression of salicylic acid-dependent and ethylene-dependent defense genes was significantly enhanced in the stem tissues of L-arabinose-treated tomato plants following the pathogen inoculation. These results suggest that soil drenching with L-arabinose effectively suppresses tomato bacterial wilt by preventing pathogen proliferation in the rhizosphere and stem tissues of tomato plants. This is the first study to report the potential of L-arabinose as a safe, eco-friendly, and cost-effective plant protection agent for the control of tomato bacterial wilt.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Zhen Fu
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Gifu University, 1–1 Yanagido, Gifu, Gifu 501–1193, Japan
| | - Malek Marian
- Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, 1–1 Yanagido, Gifu, Gifu 501–1193, Japan
- College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, 3–21–1 Chuuo, Ami, Inashiki, Ibaraki 300–0393, Japan
| | - Takuo Enomoto
- Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, 1–1 Yanagido, Gifu, Gifu 501–1193, Japan
| | - Haruhisa Suga
- Life Science Research Center, Gifu University, 1–1 Yanagido, Gifu, Gifu 501–1193, Japan
| | - Masafumi Shimizu
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Gifu University, 1–1 Yanagido, Gifu, Gifu 501–1193, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang MW, Zhu HH, Wang PY, Zeng D, Wu YY, Liu LW, Wu ZB, Li Z, Yang S. Synthesis of Thiazolium-Labeled 1,3,4-Oxadiazole Thioethers as Prospective Antimicrobials: In Vitro and in Vivo Bioactivity and Mechanism of Action. J Agric Food Chem 2019; 67:12696-12708. [PMID: 31657554 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b03952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a type of thiazolium-labeled 1,3,4-oxadiazole thioether bridged by diverse alkyl chain lengths was constructed. The antimicrobial activity of the fabricated thioether toward plant pathogenic bacteria and fungi was then screened. Antibacterial evaluation indicated that title compounds possess specific characteristics that enable them to severely attack three phytopathogens, namely, Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, Ralstonia solanacearum, and Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri with minimal EC50 values of 0.10, 3.27, and 3.50 μg/mL, respectively. Three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship models were established to direct the following excogitation for exploring higher active drugs. The in vivo study against plant bacterial diseases further identified the prospective application of title compounds as alternative antibacterial agents. The proteomic technique, scanning electron microscopy patterns, and fluorescence spectrometry were exploited to investigate the antibacterial mechanism. Additionally, some target compounds performed superior inhibitory actions against three tested fungal strains. In view of their simple molecular architecture and highly efficient bioactivity, these substrates could be further explored as promising surrogates for fighting against plant microbial infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education , Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University , Guiyang 550025 , China
| | - Huai-He Zhu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education , Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University , Guiyang 550025 , China
| | - Pei-Yi Wang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education , Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University , Guiyang 550025 , China
| | - Dan Zeng
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education , Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University , Guiyang 550025 , China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Wu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education , Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University , Guiyang 550025 , China
| | - Li-Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education , Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University , Guiyang 550025 , China
| | - Zhi-Bing Wu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education , Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University , Guiyang 550025 , China
| | - Zhong Li
- College of Pharmacy , East China University of Science & Technology , Shanghai 200237 , China
| | - Song Yang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education , Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University , Guiyang 550025 , China
- College of Pharmacy , East China University of Science & Technology , Shanghai 200237 , China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Santiago TR, Bonatto CC, Rossato M, Lopes CAP, Lopes CA, G Mizubuti ES, Silva LP. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using tomato leaf extract and their entrapment in chitosan nanoparticles to control bacterial wilt. J Sci Food Agric 2019; 99:4248-4259. [PMID: 30801730 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), particularly those entrapped in polymeric nanosystems, have arisen as options for managing plant bacterial diseases. Among the biopolymers useful for the entrapment of AgNPs, chitosan is promising because of its low cost, good biocompatibility, antimicrobial properties and biodegradability. The present study aimed: (i) to greenly-synthesize AgNPs using different concentrations of aqueous extract of tomato leaves followed by entrapment of AgNPs with chitosan (CH-AgNPs); (ii) to characterize the optical, structural and biological properties of the nanosystems produced; (iii) to evaluate the antimicrobial activities of AgNPs and nanomaterials; and (iv) to assess the effectiveness of AgNPs and nanomaterials for controlling tomato bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum. RESULTS Spherical and oval AgNPs had incipient colloidal instability, although the concentration of the tomato leaf extract influenced both size (< 87 nm) and the polydispersity index. Nanomaterials (< 271 nm in size) were characterized by a highly stable matrix of chitosan containing polydisperse AgNPs. Free AgNPs and CH-AgNPs were stable for up to 30 days, with no significant alteration in physicochemical parameters. The AgNPs and nanomaterials had antibacterial activity and decreased bacterial growth at micromolar concentrations after 48 h. Morphological changes in R. solanacearum cells were observed after treatment with CH-AgNPs. The application of CH-AgNPs at 256 µmol L-1 reduced the incidence of bacterial wilt in a partially resistant tomato genotype but not in the susceptible line. CONCLUSION Greenly-synthesized chitosan-derived nanomaterials containing AgNPs produced with leaf extracts from their own species appear to comprise a promising and sustainable alternative in an integrated management approach aiming to reduce the yield losses caused by bacterial wilt. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thaís R Santiago
- Laboratório de Nanobiotecnologia (LNANO), Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasília, Brazil
- Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Cínthia C Bonatto
- Laboratório de Nanobiotecnologia (LNANO), Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasília, Brazil
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
- Pesquisa Aplicada, TecSinapse, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maurício Rossato
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
- Laboratório de Fitopatologia, Embrapa Hortaliças, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Cláudio A P Lopes
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Carlos A Lopes
- Laboratório de Fitopatologia, Embrapa Hortaliças, Brasília, Brazil
| | | | - Luciano P Silva
- Laboratório de Nanobiotecnologia (LNANO), Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasília, Brazil
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yang L, Wu L, Yao X, Zhao S, Wang J, Li S, Ding W. Hydroxycoumarins: New, effective plant-derived compounds reduce Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum populations and control tobacco bacterial wilt. Microbiol Res 2018; 215:15-21. [PMID: 30172302 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2018.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Plant wilt disease caused by the soilborne bacterial pathogen Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum is one of the most devastating plant diseases; however, no effective protection against this disease has been developed. Coumarins are important natural plant-derived compounds with a wide range of bioactivities and extensive applications in medicine and agriculture. In the present study, three hydroxycoumarins (Hycs), umbelliferone (UM), esculetin (ES) and daphnetin (DA) significantly inhibited the growth of R. pseudosolanacearum on solid medium in a concentration-dependent manner, and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MICs) of these compounds was 325 mg L-1, 125 mg L-1 and 75 mg L-1, respectively. The percentage of live cells of R. pseudosolanacearum when supplemented with UM, ES, and DA was 63.61%, 17.81% and 7.23%, respectively, which were significantly lower than the DMSO treatment with 92%. Furthermore, irrigating roots with hydroxycoumarins (Hycs) 24 h before inoculation with R. pseudosolanacearum significantly delayed the occurrence of tobacco bacterial wilt, with the control efficiency of the DA treatment (the most efficient of Hycs treatment) 80.03%, 69.83%, 59.19%, 45.49%, 44.12%, 38.27% at 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, and 16 days after inoculation, respectively. Compared with the DMSO treatment, the pathogen populations of tobacco stems supplemented with 100 mg L-1 DA were the lowest, with population significantly reduced by 22.46%, 27.34%, and 18.06% at 4, 7, and 10 days after inoculation, respectively. Based on this study, these Hycs could be applied as potential protective agents in the management of tobacco bacterial wilt.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Yang
- Laboratory of Natural Products Pesticides, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Lintong Wu
- Laboratory of Natural Products Pesticides, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Yao
- Laboratory of Natural Products Pesticides, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Shiyuan Zhao
- Laboratory of Natural Products Pesticides, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Jiao Wang
- Laboratory of Natural Products Pesticides, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Shili Li
- Laboratory of Natural Products Pesticides, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Wei Ding
- Laboratory of Natural Products Pesticides, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ge Y, Chen X, Huang Y, Lyu H, Zhao Z, Zhou Y. [Drug resistance and protoporphyrin ferrochelatase of Ralstonia mannitolilytica]. Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2017; 46:413-420. [PMID: 29256231 PMCID: PMC10397093 DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-9292.2017.08.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the drug resistance, β-lactamase-encoding genes and protoporphyrin ferrochelatase-encoding genes of Ralstonia mannitolilytica, and to explore its structure and pathogenic function. METHODS The strain was isolated by plate streaking method and identified by automatic bacteria detection system and 16S RNA gene PCR. Microdilution method was applied for drug susceptibility test. β-lactamases, extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) and carbapenemases were detected using nitrocefin-disk, Kirby-Bauer disk, and Hodge test, respectively. Five β-lactamase-encoding genes and protoporphyrin ferrochelatase-encoding gene of the isolate were amplified by PCR for sequencing. Bioinformatic softwares were used to analyze the structure and function of the product of protoporphyrin ferrochelatase-encoding gene. RESULTS A strain belonging to Ralstonia mannitolilytica was isolated. This isolate was sensitive to cefepime, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin and tigecycline, but resistant to five penicillins, four cephalosporins and two carbapenems antibiotics. The isolate produced β-lactamases but did not produce ESBL and carbapenemases. The isolate had five distinct β-lactamase-encoding genes and protoporphyrin ferrochelatase-encoding gene. The product of protoporphyrin ferrochelatase-encoding gene contained two functional domains of protoporphyrin ferrochelatase belonging to type Ⅱ chelatase superfamily that presented the most closely genetic relationship with the protoporphyrin ferrochelatase of Neisseria meningidis. CONCLUSIONS The isolate of Ralstonia mannitolilytica has a higher resistance to β-lactam antibiotics and its β-lactamase-encoding genes are different with the common bacterial β-lactamase-encoding genes. Protoporphyrin ferrochelatase may act as an important virulence factor of Ralstonia mannitolilytica.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yumei Ge
- Center of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Xuebo Chen
- Center of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Yanying Huang
- Wenzhou Medical University School of Laboratory Medicine, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Huoyang Lyu
- Center of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Zhao Zhao
- Center of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Yonglie Zhou
- Center of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Prior AR, Gunaratnam C, Humphreys H. Ralstonia species - do these bacteria matter in cystic fibrosis? Paediatr Respir Rev 2017; 23:78-83. [PMID: 27856213 DOI: 10.1016/j.prrv.2016.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Revised: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Ralstonia species, often regarded as an environmental organism of low pathogenicity, can cause significant disease in certain at-risk patient groups, including those with cystic fibrosis. Difficulties with its identification in the clinical laboratory mean that it may be misidentified and therefore under recognised as a cause of disease. A number of outbreaks have been associated with the use of devices for inhaled respiratory therapy, putting those with chronic respiratory conditions at risk. Antimicrobial treatment of infection is challenging and limited due to frequent antimicrobial resistance. This review highlights issues regarding the identification, treatment and prevention of infection due to Ralstonia spp. in children with cystic fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Rose Prior
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Microbiology, Beaumont Hospital, Beaumont Road, Dublin 9, Ireland.
| | - Cedric Gunaratnam
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Beaumont Hospital, Beaumont Road, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Hilary Humphreys
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Microbiology, Beaumont Hospital, Beaumont Road, Dublin 9, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Sledz W, Los E, Paczek A, Rischka J, Motyka A, Zoledowska S, Piosik J, Lojkowska E. Antibacterial activity of caffeine against plant pathogenic bacteria. Acta Biochim Pol 2015; 62:605-12. [PMID: 26307771 DOI: 10.18388/abp.2015_1092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Revised: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the antibacterial properties of a plant secondary metabolite - caffeine. Caffeine is present in over 100 plant species. Antibacterial activity of caffeine was examined against the following plant-pathogenic bacteria: Ralstonia solanacearum (Rsol), Clavibacter michiganesis subsp. sepedonicus (Cms), Dickeya solani (Dsol), Pectobacterium atrosepticum (Pba), Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum (Pcc), Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst), and Xanthomonas campestris subsp. campestris (Xcc). MIC and MBC values ranged from 5 to 20 mM and from 43 to 100 mM, respectively. Caffeine increased the bacterial generation time of all tested species and caused changes in cell morphology. The influence of caffeine on the synthesis of DNA, RNA and proteins was investigated in cultures of plant pathogenic bacteria with labelled precursors: [(3)H]thymidine, [(3)H]uridine or (14)C leucine, respectively. RNA biosynthesis was more affected than DNA or protein biosynthesis in bacterial cells treated with caffeine. Treatment of Pba with caffeine for 336 h did not induce resistance to this compound. Caffeine application reduced disease symptoms caused by Dsol on chicory leaves, potato slices, and whole potato tubers. The data presented indicate caffeine as a potential tool for the control of diseases caused by plant-pathogenic bacteria, especially under storage conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Sledz
- Laboratory of Plant Protection and Biotechnology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Emilia Los
- Laboratory of Plant Protection and Biotechnology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Paczek
- Laboratory of Plant Protection and Biotechnology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Jacek Rischka
- Laboratory of Plant Protection and Biotechnology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Agata Motyka
- Laboratory of Plant Protection and Biotechnology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Sabina Zoledowska
- Laboratory of Plant Protection and Biotechnology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Jacek Piosik
- Laboratory of Plant Protection and Biotechnology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Ewa Lojkowska
- Laboratory of Plant Protection and Biotechnology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, Gdańsk, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ma D, Green AM, Willsey GG, Marshall JS, Wargo MJ, Wu J. Effects of acoustic streaming from moderate-intensity pulsed ultrasound for enhancing biofilm mitigation effectiveness of drug-loaded liposomes. J Acoust Soc Am 2015; 138:1043-1051. [PMID: 26328720 DOI: 10.1121/1.4927413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Because biofilms have resistance to antibiotics, their control using minimum amounts of chemicals and energy becomes a critical issue particularly for resource-constrained long-term space and deep-sea explorations. This preliminary study investigates how ultrasound promoting penetration of antibiotic-loaded liposomes into alginate-based bacterial biofilms, resulting in enhanced bacterial (Ralstonia insidiosa) killing. Nano-sized liposomes are used as a delivery vehicle for the antibiotic gentamicin. Alginate-based synthetic biofilms, which are widely acknowledged as biofilm phantoms, filled with liposome solution are formed at the bottoms of six-well Petri dishes and exposed to ultrasound (frequency = 2.25 MHz, 10% duty cycle, and spatially and temporally averaged intensity ISAPA = 4.4 W/cm(2)). Gentamicin is released from liposomes after they are lysed using detergent solution (0.05% sodium dodecyl sulfate, 1.0% Triton X-100) and incubated for 20 min. The alginate biofilm is dissolved and diluted, counting of colony-forming units shows about 80% of the bacteria are killed. It has also been shown the liposome-capture density by the alginate film increases linearly with the ultrasound intensity up to ISAPA = 6.2 W/cm(2) reaching approximately threefold that without ultrasound. Measurement by using particle-image velocimetry has demonstrated the acoustic streaming with modification by thermal convection controls the enhancement of the liposome capture rate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Ma
- Department of Physics, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405, USA
| | - Adam M Green
- School of Engineering, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405, USA
| | - Graham G Willsey
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405, USA
| | - Jeffrey S Marshall
- School of Engineering, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405, USA
| | - Matthew J Wargo
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405, USA
| | - Junru Wu
- Department of Physics, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Mao L, Wang Q, Yan D, Ma T, Liu P, Shen J, Li Y, Ouyang C, Guo M, Cao A. Evaluation of chloropicrin as a soil fumigant against Ralstonia solanacarum in ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) production in China. PLoS One 2014; 9:e91767. [PMID: 24618853 PMCID: PMC3950219 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0091767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2014] [Accepted: 02/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chloropicrin (Pic) offers a potential alternative to methyl bromide (MB) against Ralstonia solanacarum in ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) production. MB is scheduled to be withdrawn from routine use by 2015 in developing countries. METHODS Pic treatments were evaluated in a laboratory study and in three commercial ginger fields. RESULTS Laboratory studies showed that the EC50 value and EC80 value of Pic were 2.7 and 3.7 mg a.i. kg-1 soil, respectively. Field trials in highly infested soil revealed that treatments of Pic at the dose of 50 g m-2 covered with totally impermeable film (TIF) or polyethylene film (PE) sharply reduced Ralstonia solanacarum and maintained high ginger yields. Both of the Pic treatments provided results similar to, or in some cases slightly lower than, MB with respect to Ralstonia solanacarum control, plant survival, plant growth and yield. All of the fumigant treatments were significantly better than the non-treated control. CONCLUSIONS The present study confirms that the Pic is a promising alternative with good efficacy against Ralstonia solanacarum for ginger production and could be used in integrated pest management programs in China.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liangang Mao
- Department of Pesticides, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuxia Wang
- Department of Pesticides, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongdong Yan
- Department of Pesticides, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Taotao Ma
- Department of Pesticides, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengfei Liu
- Department of Pesticides, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Shen
- Department of Pesticides, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Pesticides, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Canbin Ouyang
- Department of Pesticides, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Meixia Guo
- Department of Pesticides, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Aocheng Cao
- Department of Pesticides, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Dotis J, Printza N, Orfanou A, Papathanasiou E, Papachristou F. Peritonitis due to Ralstonia mannitolilytica in a pediatric peritoneal dialysis patient. New Microbiol 2012; 35:503-506. [PMID: 23109020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2012] [Accepted: 06/06/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Ralstonia mannitolilytica constitutes a rare isolate in clinical specimens and to date very few infections with this Gramnegative bacillus have been reported. The first case of peritonitis in a pediatric patient due to R. mannitolilytica in the setting of peritoneal dialysis is described. It is very important to view this organism as a pathogen rather than contaminant when isolated in children with peritonitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John Dotis
- 1st Department of Pediatrics, Aristotle University, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Yuan J, Li B, Zhang N, Waseem R, Shen Q, Huang Q. Production of bacillomycin- and macrolactin-type antibiotics by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens NJN-6 for suppressing soilborne plant pathogens. J Agric Food Chem 2012; 60:2976-2981. [PMID: 22385216 DOI: 10.1021/jf204868z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strains have been used as biocontrol agents for the suppression of several soilborne plant pathogens. A clearer understanding of the antagonistic mechanisms of action of these bacteria will facilitate their use in the control of plant diseases. Antagonistic substances were isolated from the fermentation broth of B. amyloliquefaciens strain NJN-6 cultures. These compounds were preconcentrated using an XAD-16 column and were purified using reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). Fractions were collected from the column and were analyzed, and two homologues of bacillomycin D [molecular weights of 1030 Da (C14) and 1044 Da (C15)] and three homologues of members of the macrolactin family, macrolactin A, 7-O-malonyl macrolactin A, and 7-O-succinyl macrolactin A (molecular weights of 402, 487, and 502 Da, respectively) were identified using HPLC/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) analysis. An antagonistic assay showed that bacillomycin D and macrolactin exhibited significant antagonistic effects against Fusarium oxysporum and Ralstonia solanacearum , respectively. A reliable method for the isolation and purification of bacillomycin D and macrolactin from bacterial broth cultures was developed. These data will help elucidate the mechanisms that B. amyloliquefaciens NJN-6 uses for the biocontrol of soilborne plant pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Organic Solid Waste Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Li J, Zhang T, Wang L, Liu Y, Dai R, Liu X. Characterization and quantification of the nickel resistant microbial community in activated sludge using 16S rDNA and nickel resistance genes. Environ Technol 2011; 32:533-542. [PMID: 21877534 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2010.504749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The effect of nickel on the microbial community in the activated sludge of a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) reactor was investigated by continuously dosing nickel from 60 to 240 mg Ni(II) L(-1). The diversity of the microbial community was investigated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis of the variable V3 region of the bacterial 16S rDNA. The experimental results showed that the community structure changed significantly after dosing with nickel with a shift in dominant species, the disappearance of some original species and the emergence of some new species. The existence of a nickel resistant gene was also investigated using PCR. The obtained nickel resistance gene had a maximum homology with the plasmid pMOL30 of Ralstonia metallidurans CH34. The quantitative real-time PCR results indicated that the quantity of the nickel resistance gene was related to the nickel concentration loaded to the reactor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Li
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Abstract
This study provides a first attempt from a toxicological perspective to put forward, in general terms and explanations, combined toxic interactions and biostimulation strategy upon nutrient medium to Ralstonia taiwanensis for bioremediation. Dose-response analysis clearly revealed that most of the supplemented nutrients tested (except for gluconic acid) synergistically interact with chronic toxicity to phenol, especially at low doses. Acute toxicity based upon adaptation lag is a more appropriate indicator for comparative analysis of toxicity due to similar toxic ranking at almost all effective concentrations. In addition, comparison upon acute and chronic toxicity for various nutrient media also suggests in parallel that acute toxicity is more significant than chronic toxicity possibly as the result of a more sensitive response of adaptation lag to growth in different media. Feasibility of adding extra nutrient substrates (e.g., phenol, gluconic acid, yeast extract, pyruvic acid, acetic acid, and glycerol) to stimulate proliferation of phenol degraders for better phenol degradation performance was also assessed. The results show that using acetic acid as the augmented nutrient source might be the most feasible biostimulation strategy for phenol degradation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bor-Yann Chen
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National I-Lan University, I-Lan, 260 Taiwan, R.O.C.
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Chen BY, Chen WM, Chang JS. Optimal biostimulation strategy for phenol degradation with indigenous rhizobium Ralstonia taiwanensis. J Hazard Mater 2007; 139:232-7. [PMID: 16844294 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2006.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2006] [Revised: 06/05/2006] [Accepted: 06/07/2006] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
This study provides a first attempt from a perspective of Gaden's classification of fermentation and phase-plane to put forward phenol degradation using various augmented nutrient media for biostimulation. It aimed to identify the most promising nutrient source(s) to attenuate synergistic interactions with phenol for optimal phenol degradation. Therefore, the growth association of phenol degradation using various nutrient media in place of combined toxic interactions was established via Gaden's classification scheme of fermentation and phase-plane analysis. In cultures grown on medium bearing dual carbon sources (glycerol and phenol) or phenol alone, phenol was found to be firstly biodegraded for microbial growth (i.e., growth-associated degradation). In contrast, when yeast extract or acetate was supplemented, a diauxic growth behavior was observed as the augmented nutrient was primarily utilized while phenol degradation was repressed. Moreover, using glycerol as the nutrient source, phenol degradation seemed to be enhanced simultaneously during the consumption of glycerol for cellular growth after ca. 2h response lag in growth. Although gluconic acid could enhance cell growth as well as phenol degradation, the phenol degradation performance was still not as good as that of glycerol. Thus, biostimulation with glycerol appeared to show the most favorable metabolic characteristics against phenol toxicity on Ralstonia taiwanensis, leading to better degradation efficiency of the toxic pollutant. Phase-plane trajectories also clearly confirmed that glycerol was the optimal biostimulating nutrient source for phenol degradation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bor-Yann Chen
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National I-Lan University, I-Lan 260, Taiwan
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Chen BY, Lin KL. Biotoxicity assessment on reusability of municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) ash. J Hazard Mater 2006; 136:741-6. [PMID: 16490305 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2006.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2005] [Revised: 12/22/2005] [Accepted: 01/11/2006] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
This study provides a first attempt of dose-response analysis and margin of safety using Escherichia coli DH5alpha, Bacillus subtilis as indicator microorganisms to put forward, in general terms and explanations, the toxicity rankings of various ashes of municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) for feasibility in further applications. Since the MSWI ash often contains cations of Si, Ca, Al and Fe, it is frequently considered to be recycled for construction building-materials. Growth inhibition of E. coli DH5alpha occurred at concentrations over 0.156, 0.625 and 0.0195 g/L for bottom ash (BA), cyclone ash (CA), scrubber ash (SA), respectively, suggesting the toxicity ranking of SA>BA>CA. In contrast, except for SA (ca. 0.313 g/L), almost same inhibitory levels of ashes to cell growth were also observed in Bacillus subtilis. Evidently, biotoxicity responses were strongly dependent upon the characteristics of indicator microorganism. Based on DH5alpha, the margins of safety (MOS) were thus 0.195, 1.56 and 6.25 mg/L for SA, BA and CA, respectively. Nearly identical levels of MOS were also suggested by B. subtilis, except for SA (3.13 mg/L). Although MSWI residual ashes qualified EPA's standard test of Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP), they might still contain other toxic residues (e.g., chloride ions and/or anions) to cause existing toxicity as indicated in this toxicity study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bor-Yann Chen
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National I-Lan University, I-Lan 260, Taiwan, ROC
| | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Abstract
Bacterial biofilms are associated with secondary gold grains from two sites in Australia. 16S ribosomal DNA clones of the genus Ralstonia that bear 99% similarity to the bacterium Ralstonia metallidurans-shown to precipitate gold from aqueous gold(III) tetrachloride-were present on all DNA-positive gold grains but were not detected in the surrounding soils. These results provide evidence for the bacterial contribution to the authigenic formation of secondary bacterioform gold grains and nuggets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frank Reith
- Cooperative Research Centre for Landscape Environments and Mineral Exploration, Post Office Box 1130, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Sarret G, Avoscan L, Carrière M, Collins R, Geoffroy N, Carrot F, Covès J, Gouget B. Chemical forms of selenium in the metal-resistant bacterium Ralstonia metallidurans CH34 exposed to selenite and selenate. Appl Environ Microbiol 2005; 71:2331-7. [PMID: 15870319 PMCID: PMC1087582 DOI: 10.1128/aem.71.5.2331-2337.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ralstonia metallidurans CH34, a soil bacterium resistant to a variety of metals, is known to reduce selenite to intracellular granules of elemental selenium (Se(0)). We have studied the kinetics of selenite (Se(IV)) and selenate (Se(VI)) accumulation and used X-ray absorption spectroscopy to identify the accumulated form of selenate, as well as possible chemical intermediates during the transformation of these two oxyanions. When introduced during the lag phase, the presence of selenite increased the duration of this phase, as previously observed. Selenite introduction was followed by a period of slow uptake, during which the bacteria contained Se(0) and alkyl selenide in equivalent proportions. This suggests that two reactions with similar kinetics take place: an assimilatory pathway leading to alkyl selenide and a slow detoxification pathway leading to Se(0). Subsequently, selenite uptake strongly increased (up to 340 mg Se per g of proteins) and Se(0) was the predominant transformation product, suggesting an activation of selenite transport and reduction systems after several hours of contact. Exposure to selenate did not induce an increase in the lag phase duration, and the bacteria accumulated approximately 25-fold less Se than when exposed to selenite. Se(IV) was detected as a transient species in the first 12 h after selenate introduction, Se(0) also occurred as a minor species, and the major accumulated form was alkyl selenide. Thus, in the present experimental conditions, selenate mostly follows an assimilatory pathway and the reduction pathway is not activated upon selenate exposure. These results show that R. metallidurans CH34 may be suitable for the remediation of selenite-, but not selenate-, contaminated environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Géraldine Sarret
- Environmental Geochemistry Group, LGIT, University of Grenoble and CNRS, BP 53, 38041 Grenoble, Cedex 9, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Ledgham F, Quest B, Vallaeys T, Mergeay M, Covès J. A probable link between the DedA protein and resistance to selenite. Res Microbiol 2005; 156:367-74. [PMID: 15808941 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2004.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2004] [Revised: 11/22/2004] [Accepted: 11/24/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
To understand the molecular events involved in the reduction of selenite to non-toxic elemental selenium, 4000 clones of Ralstonia metallidurans CH34 were produced by random Tn5 transposon integration mutagenesis. Eight mutants were able to resist up to 15 mM selenite while the MIC for the wild-type strain was estimated as 4-6 mM selenite. The identification of the disrupted genes was carried out by Southern blot analysis and inverse PCR. The three resistant mutants containing only one insertion were further characterized. Tn5 disrupted a gene that encoded a protein which was closely related to proteins of the DedA family. This family represents a group of integral membrane proteins with completely unknown functions. Phenotypic characterization of the dedA mutants and selenite consumption experiments strongly suggest that DedA is involved in the uptake of selenite.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fouzia Ledgham
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie des Centres Redox Biologiques, DRDC/CB, CEA-Grenoble, France
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Daxboeck F, Stadler M, Assadian O, Marko E, Hirschl AM, Koller W. Characterization of clinically isolated Ralstonia mannitolilytica strains using random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) typing and antimicrobial sensitivity, and comparison of the classification efficacy of phenotypic and genotypic assays. J Med Microbiol 2005; 54:55-61. [PMID: 15591256 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.45656-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ralstonia mannitolilytica strains isolated between February 2002 and March 2004 from 30 episodes of infection in 26 patients at Vienna University Hospital were characterized. Twenty-four of the episodes occurred within a 7 month period, suggesting they were outbreak-related, although no common source of infection was identified. The isolates were assayed using PCR to confirm species identification. Random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) typing classified the R. mannitolilytica isolates into four distinct genotypes: A/I, B/II, C/III and D/IV (15, 13, 1 and 1 isolates, respectively). API 20NE, VITEK Gram-negative Identification Card plus (GNI+) and VITEK Gram Negative Bacillus Identification (GNB) yielded negative or no acceptable biochemical profile for 4, 11 and 11 isolates, respectively. None of the isolates acidified D-arabitol or mannitol. Two isolates (7 %) were positive for nitrate reduction. All 30 R. mannitolilytica isolates were resistant to desferrioxamine, and 29 were able to grow on BCSA. The most active compounds in vitro were ciprofloxacin and cefepime, whilst only the genotype D/IV isolate was sensitive to gentamicin and amikacin (the remaining 29 isolates being resistant to both).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Daxboeck
- Division of Hospital Hygiene,1 and Division of Clinical Microbiology,2 Clinical Institute for Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Maria Stadler
- Division of Hospital Hygiene,1 and Division of Clinical Microbiology,2 Clinical Institute for Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Ojan Assadian
- Division of Hospital Hygiene,1 and Division of Clinical Microbiology,2 Clinical Institute for Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Eva Marko
- Division of Hospital Hygiene,1 and Division of Clinical Microbiology,2 Clinical Institute for Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexander M Hirschl
- Division of Hospital Hygiene,1 and Division of Clinical Microbiology,2 Clinical Institute for Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Walter Koller
- Division of Hospital Hygiene,1 and Division of Clinical Microbiology,2 Clinical Institute for Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Grosse C, Anton A, Hoffmann T, Franke S, Schleuder G, Nies DH. Identification of a regulatory pathway that controls the heavy-metal resistance system Czc via promoter czcNp in Ralstonia metallidurans. Arch Microbiol 2004; 182:109-18. [PMID: 15340798 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-004-0670-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2003] [Revised: 12/31/2003] [Accepted: 03/19/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The CzcCBA cation-proton-antiporter is the most complicated and efficient heavy-metal resistance system known today and is essential for survival of Ralstonia metallidurans at high cobalt, zinc, or cadmium concentrations. Expression of Czc is tightly controlled by the complex interaction of several regulators. Double- and multiple-deletion studies demonstrated that four regulators encoded downstream of the czcCBA operon, CzcD, CzcS, CzcR and the newly identified CzcE, are involved in, but not essential for metal-dependent induction of czc. These proteins control expression of the czcNICBA region from the promoter czcNp. Northern analysis showed that czcDRS was transcribed as czcDR-specific and czcDRS-specific mRNAs. Transcription of czcE occurred independently of czcDRS transcription and was induced by zinc. CzcE is a periplasmic protein as indicated by phoA fusions. CzcE was purified and identified as a metal-binding protein. These data demonstrate that the transport protein CzcD, the two-component regulatory system CzcR, CzcS, and the periplasmic metal-binding protein CzcE exert metal-dependent control of czcNICBA expression via regulation of czcNp activity.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Adaptation, Physiological/genetics
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology
- Antiporters/genetics
- Artificial Gene Fusion
- Bacterial Proteins/genetics
- Bacterial Proteins/metabolism
- Blotting, Northern
- Cation Transport Proteins/genetics
- Cation Transport Proteins/metabolism
- Drug Resistance, Bacterial/genetics
- Gene Deletion
- Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial
- Gene Order
- Genes, Bacterial
- Genes, Reporter
- Metals, Heavy/pharmacology
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Operon
- Periplasmic Proteins/genetics
- Periplasmic Proteins/isolation & purification
- Periplasmic Proteins/metabolism
- Promoter Regions, Genetic
- RNA, Bacterial/analysis
- RNA, Messenger/analysis
- Ralstonia/drug effects
- Ralstonia/genetics
- Transcription, Genetic
- beta-Galactosidase/genetics
- beta-Galactosidase/metabolism
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Grosse
- Institut für Mikrobiologie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 3, 06099 Halle, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Legatzki A, Franke S, Lucke S, Hoffmann T, Anton A, Neumann D, Nies DH. First step towards a quantitative model describing Czc-mediated heavy metal resistance in Ralstonia metallidurans. Biodegradation 2003; 14:153-68. [PMID: 12877469 DOI: 10.1023/a:1024043306888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Quantitative models were derived to explain heavy metal resistance in Ralstonia metallidurans. A deltaczcA deletion of the gene for the central component of the Co2+/Zn2+/Cd2+ efflux system CzcCBA combined with the expression level of czcCBA as studied with a phi(czcC-lacZ-czcBA) operon fusion demonstrated that CzcCBA was the only prerequisite for resistance to Co2+/Zn2+/Cd2+ at concentrations of 200 microM and above. The cellular content of the CzcA protein (resistance nodulation cell division protein family RND) determined by Western blot was used to model the CzcCBA expression level as the response to various metal concentrations. These data and experimentally determined uptake velocities were used to derive a flow equilibrium model that describes the cytoplasmic content c(i) of the cells as an interaction between cation uptake and CzcCBA-mediated efflux. Alternatively, binding of heavy metals to inactivated R. metallidurans cells was described with a modified Freundlich's equation. The metal content of growing R. metallidurans cells was determined and compared to the predictions of both models. High amounts of zinc precipitates. exclusively formed by living cells, prevented a model validation for zinc. An additional net efflux activity let to lower amounts of cell-bound Co2+ than predicted. The flow equilibrium model described cadmium resistance sufficiently for R. metallidurans growing in the presence of 0.2-1 mM Cd2+. Description of cadmium resistance in early stationary cells requires the binding model in addition to the flow equilibrium model. Thus, it was possible to simulate physiological events in growing cells by quantitative models that are derived from the biochemical data of the interacting transport proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antje Legatzki
- Institut für Mikrobiologie, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 3, 06099 Halle, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|