1
|
Chiavaroli A, Di Simone SC, Acquaviva A, Nilofar N, Libero ML, Brunetti L, Recinella L, Leone S, Orlando G, Zengin G, Di Vito M, Menghini L, Ferrante C. Neuromodulatory Effects Induced by the Association of Moringa oleifera Lam., Tribulus terrestris L., Rhodiola rosea Lam., and Undaria pinnatidifida Extracts in the Hypothalamus. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202302075. [PMID: 38527165 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202302075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
The present study investigated the role of a commercial formulation constituted by herbal extracts from Rhodiola rosea, Undaria pinnatifida, Tribulus terrestris, and Moringa oleifera. The formulation was analysed for determining the content in total phenols and flavonoids and scavenging/reducing properties. The formulation was also tested on isolated mouse hypothalamus in order to investigate effects on serotonin, dopamine, neuropeptide Y (NPY), and orexin A. The gene expression of gonadrotopin releasing hormone (GnRH) was also assayed. The formulation was able to reduce dopamine and serotonin turnover, and this could be related, albeit partially, to the capability of different phytochemicals, among which hyperoside and catechin to inhibit monoaminooxidases activity. In parallel, the formulation was effective in reducing the gene expression of NPY and orexin-A and to improve the gene expression of GnRH. In this context, the increased GnRH gene expression induced by the formulation may contribute not only to improve the resistance towards the stress related to ageing, but also to prevent the reduction of libido that could be related with a stimulation of the serotoninergic pathway. According to the in silico analysis, hyperoside could play a pivotal role in modulating the gene expression of GnRH. Regarding NPY and orexin A gene expression, no direct interactions between the formulation phytochemicals and these neuropeptides were anticipated; thus, suggesting that the pattern of gene expression observed following exposure of the hypothalamus to the formulation may be secondary to inhibitory effects of dopamine and serotonin turnover. Concluding, the present study demonstrated the efficacy of the formulation in exerting neuromodulatory effects at the hypothalamic level; thus, suggesting the potential to contrast stress and fatigue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Chiavaroli
- Department of Pharmacy, Botanic Garden "Giardino dei Semplici", "G. d'Annunzio" University, via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Simonetta Cristina Di Simone
- Department of Pharmacy, Botanic Garden "Giardino dei Semplici", "G. d'Annunzio" University, via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Alessandra Acquaviva
- Department of Pharmacy, Botanic Garden "Giardino dei Semplici", "G. d'Annunzio" University, via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Nilofar Nilofar
- Department of Pharmacy, Botanic Garden "Giardino dei Semplici", "G. d'Annunzio" University, via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Maria Loreta Libero
- Department of Pharmacy, Botanic Garden "Giardino dei Semplici", "G. d'Annunzio" University, via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Luigi Brunetti
- Department of Pharmacy, Botanic Garden "Giardino dei Semplici", "G. d'Annunzio" University, via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Lucia Recinella
- Department of Pharmacy, Botanic Garden "Giardino dei Semplici", "G. d'Annunzio" University, via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Sheila Leone
- Department of Pharmacy, Botanic Garden "Giardino dei Semplici", "G. d'Annunzio" University, via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Giustino Orlando
- Department of Pharmacy, Botanic Garden "Giardino dei Semplici", "G. d'Annunzio" University, via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, 42130, Konya, Turkey
| | - Maura Di Vito
- Dipartimento di Scienze di Laboratorio e Infettivologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A., Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi Menghini
- Department of Pharmacy, Botanic Garden "Giardino dei Semplici", "G. d'Annunzio" University, via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Claudio Ferrante
- Department of Pharmacy, Botanic Garden "Giardino dei Semplici", "G. d'Annunzio" University, via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Xu X, Guo W, Zhao L, Sun Y, Xu D, Yang J, Liu Y, Xie S, Wang Y, Xu Y. Exploring the in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of gross saponins of Tribulus terrestris L. fruit by using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based cell metabolomics approach. J Sep Sci 2023; 46:e2300531. [PMID: 37933967 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202300531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Our previous studies confirmed the efficacy of gross saponins of Tribulus terrestris L. fruit in treating cerebral ischemia. This study aimed to investigate the related mechanisms in vitro. The lipopolysaccharide-induced BV2 cells model was constructed and treated with gross saponins at different concentrations to explore its anti-inflammatory activity. The cell metabolite changes were tracked by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based metabolomics, and the metabolic biomarkers and related metabolic pathways were analyzed. Molecular biochemistry analysis was further used to verify the relevant inflammatory pathways. The results showed that the saponins reduced nitric oxide release and the secretion of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-6 from lipopolysaccharide-induced BV2 cells. Metabolic perturbations occurred in lipopolysaccharide-treated BV2 cells, which could be reversed by drug treatment via mainly regulating glycerophospholipid metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, purine metabolism pathways, etc. The western blot analysis demonstrated that saponin could suppress the activation of the inflammatory-related signaling pathway. The present study explored the in vitro anti-inflammatory mechanism of gross saponins of Tribulus terrestris L. fruit using an LC-MS-based cell metabolomics approach, which confirms the great potential of LC-MS for drug efficacy evaluation and can be applied in other herbal medicine-related analyses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohang Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Materials, Jilin Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Wenjun Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Materials, Jilin Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Yuanhe Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Dandan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Materials, Jilin Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Jingxuan Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Materials, Jilin Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Shengxu Xie
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Materials, Jilin Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Yajuan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Materials, Jilin Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Povydysh MN, Titova MV, Ivkin DY, Krasnova MV, Vasilevskaya ER, Fedulova LV, Ivanov IM, Klushin AG, Popova EV, Nosov AM. The Hypoglycemic and Hypocholesterolemic Activity of Dioscorea deltoidea, Tribulus terrestris and Panax japonicus Cell Culture Biomass in Rats with High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15030656. [PMID: 36771371 PMCID: PMC9918901 DOI: 10.3390/nu15030656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity, and its consequences for human health, is a huge and complicated problem that has no simple solution. The constant search for natural and safe compounds with systemic action that can be used for obesity prophylactics and treatment is hampered by the limited availability and variable quality of biomass of wild medicinal plants. Plant cell biotechnology is an alternative approach for the sustainable production of vegetative biomass or individual phytochemicals with high therapeutic potential. In this study, the suspension cell biomass of the medicinal plants, Dioscorea deltoidea Wall., Tribulus terrestris L., and Panax japonicus (T. Nees) C.A. Mey, produced in 20 L and 630 L bioreactors, were tested for therapeutic effects in rat models with alimentary-induced obesity. Three-month intake of water infusions of dry cell biomass (100 mg/g body weight) against the background of a hypercaloric diet reduced weight gain and the proportion of fat mass in the obese animals. In addition, cell biomass preparation reduced the intracellular dehydration and balanced the amounts of intra- and extracellular fluids in the body as determined by bioimpedance spectroscopy. A significant decrease in the glucose and cholesterol levels in the blood was also observed as a result of cell biomass administration for all species. Hypocholesterolemic activity reduced in the line P. japonicus > D. deltoidea > T. terrestris/liraglutide > intact group > control group. By the sum of parameters tested, the cell culture of D. deltoidea was considered the most effective in mitigating diet-induced obesity, with positive effects sometimes exceeding those of the reference drug liraglutide. A safety assessment of D. deltoidea cell phytopreparation showed no toxic effect on the reproductive function of the animals and their offspring. These results support the potential application of the biotechnologically produced cell biomass of medicinal plant species as safe and effective natural remedies for the treatment of obesity and related complications, particularly for the long-term treatment and during pregnancy and lactation periods when conventional treatment is often contraindicated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria N. Povydysh
- Saint-Petersburg State Chemical Pharmaceutical University, Prof. Popov str. 14, Saint-Petersburg 197376, Russia
- Correspondence: (M.N.P.); (M.V.T.)
| | - Maria V. Titova
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya str. 35, Moscow 127276, Russia
- Correspondence: (M.N.P.); (M.V.T.)
| | - Dmitry Yu. Ivkin
- Saint-Petersburg State Chemical Pharmaceutical University, Prof. Popov str. 14, Saint-Petersburg 197376, Russia
| | - Marina V. Krasnova
- Saint-Petersburg State Chemical Pharmaceutical University, Prof. Popov str. 14, Saint-Petersburg 197376, Russia
| | - Ekaterina R. Vasilevskaya
- V.M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 109316, Russia
| | - Liliya V. Fedulova
- V.M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 109316, Russia
| | - Igor M. Ivanov
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya str. 35, Moscow 127276, Russia
| | - Andrey G. Klushin
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya str. 35, Moscow 127276, Russia
| | - Elena V. Popova
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya str. 35, Moscow 127276, Russia
| | - Alexander M. Nosov
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya str. 35, Moscow 127276, Russia
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-12, Moscow 119991, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Aldaddou WA, Aljohani ASM, Ahmed IA, Al-Wabel NA, El-Ashmawy IM. Ameliorative effect of methanolic extract of Tribulus terrestris L. on nicotine and lead-induced degeneration of sperm quality in male rats. J Ethnopharmacol 2022; 295:115337. [PMID: 35605919 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The use of herbal and medicinal plants to treat male infertility is well known in history. Tribulus terrestris L. (TT) belongs to the Zygophyllaceae family and it is used in folk medicine to vitalize and also improve both physical performance and sexual function in men in addition to the protective effect of the gross saponins of TT against ischemic stroke and its clinical anti-inflammatory property. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to investigate the effects of methanol extract of T. terrestris on nicotine hydrogen tartrate and lead-induced degeneration of sperm quality in male rats and to identify the volatile bioactive non-polar compounds thought to be responsible for its activity using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). MATERIALS AND METHODS The effect of T. terrestris on nicotine hydrogen tartrate and lead-induced infertility was evaluated in male rats. Fifty-four mature male albino rats weighing 220-250 g body weight were used. The rats were randomly divided into 9 equal groups (n = 6). Infertility was induced by administering nicotine hydrogen tartrate (0.50 mg/kg) through peritoneal injection (i.p.) or lead acetate (1.5 g/L) orally with drinking water for sixty days. Two doses (50 and 100 mg/kg body weight of the animal) of T. terrestris were also used. At the end of the experimental period, the rats were anesthetized and sacrificed. Blood samples were collected. Hormonal analyses were carried out on the serum. The testicle, epididymis, and accessory sex organs (seminal vesical and prostates) were removed for histopathological analysis. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of the methanol extract was also carried out to identify major volatile compounds in T. terrestris methanol extract. RESULTS Nicotine and lead toxicity caused a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in the number of sperm, motility, and an increase in the sperm abnormalities such as the reduction in weight and size of sexual organs (testis, epididymis, and accessory sex glands), reduction of diameter and length of seminiferous tubules. The administration of T. terrestris methanol extract, however, improved the semen quantity and quality, sexual organ weights, and fertility of male rats and, thus, ameliorated the adverse effects of nicotine and lead. Ten major compounds were found from the GC-MS analysis of the extract of T. terrestris methanol extract. CONCLUSION Findings showed that T. terrestris plant methanolic extracts ameliorated nicotine hydrogen tartrate and lead-induced degeneration of sperm quality in male rats. The GC-MS analysis of the T. terrestris plant methanolic extracts revealed the presence of several important bioactive compounds which were thought to be responsible for the ameliorative effect. Further isolation and evaluation of the individual components would provide relevant lead to finding new drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wael Ammar Aldaddou
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Abdullah S M Aljohani
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Idris Adewale Ahmed
- Centre for Natural Products Research and Drug Discovery (CENAR), Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Naser A Al-Wabel
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim M El-Ashmawy
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia; Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Derakhshandeh M, Taghian F, Jalali Dehkordi K, Hosseini SA. Synchronized resistance training and bioactive herbal compounds of Tribulus Terrestris reverse the disruptive influence of Stanozolol. Steroids 2022; 182:109000. [PMID: 35283118 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2022.109000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Androgenic-Anabolic Steroids (AAS) consumption may have irreversible effects on athletes' hearts. The beneficial effects of Tribulus Terrestris (TT) have been shown to reduce cardiovascular risks through disruption in apoptosome complex construction. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of eight weeks of resistance training (RT) with TT consumption in the heart tissue of rats exposed to Stanozolol. Thirty-five male rats were divided into seven groups, Control group, Stanozolol (ST), ST + 100 mg/kg TT, ST + 50 mg/kg TT, RT + ST, RT + ST + 100 mg/kg TT, and RT + ST + 50 mg/kg TT. Differential genes expression was measured by q-RT-PCR. Artificial intelligence highlighted apoptosis pathways as a vital process in cardiovascular risks. Hence, we estimated the binding affinity of chemical and bioactive molecules on the cut point hub gene by pharmacophore modeling and molecular docking. Moreover, ST increased IL-6, Cat, Aif-1, and Caspase-9. 100 mg/kg TT has a more favorable effect than 50 mg/kg T. Also, RT with TT had interactive effects on reducing IL-6, Cat, Aif-1, and Caspase-9. RT and TT consumption seemed to synergistically reduce the apoptotic pathway markers in the heart tissue of rats exposed to the supra-physiologic dose of ST. Moreover, TT could be added to supplements and sports drink to increase an athlete's performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Derakhshandeh
- Department of Sports Physiology, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Taghian
- Department of Sports Physiology, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Khosro Jalali Dehkordi
- Department of Sports Physiology, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Seyed Ali Hosseini
- Department of Sport Physiology, Marvdasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sun XC, Song X, Guo F, Yuan YH, Wang SY, Wang S, Liu KL, Lv XY, Han B, Zhang C, Liu JT. Terrestrosin D, a spirostanol saponin from Tribulus terrestris L. with potential hepatorenal toxicity. J Ethnopharmacol 2022; 283:114716. [PMID: 34626781 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Fructus Tribuli (FT) has been commonly used as a traditional medicine for thousands of years. With the diverse uses of FT, more attention has been paid to its hepatorenal toxicity. However, the compounds causing the hepatorenal toxicity of FT remain undetermined. Terrestrosin D (TED), a major spirostanol saponin isolated from FT, may exert hepatorenal toxicity. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to evaluate the potential hepatorenal toxicity of TED, and preliminarily explore the possible mechanism of TED-induced hepatorenal toxicity. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cytotoxicity assays, a repeated-dose 28-day in-vivo study, a toxicokinetic study, and a tissue distribution study were used to evaluate the potential hepatorenal toxicity of TED. Furthermore, network pharmacology was applied to preliminarily explore the possible mechanism of TED-induced hepatorenal toxicity. RESULTS Both the in vitro and in vivo studies showed that the spirostanol saponin TED had potential hepatorenal toxicity. Nonetheless, hepatorenal toxicity induced by oral treatment with TED at a dosage range of 5 - 15 mg/kg daily for 28 consecutive days to Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats was reversible after 14 days of TED withdrawal. The toxicokinetic study demonstrated that the systematic exposure of SD rats to TED had an accumulation phenomenon and a dose-dependent trend after a 28-day repeated-dose oral administration. The tissue distribution study revealed that TED had a targeted distribution in the liver and kidneys accompanied by a phenomenon of accumulation in SD rats. Network pharmacology combined with molecular docking methods was used to screen for the key targets (HSP90AA1, CNR1, and DRD2) and the key pathways of TED-induced hepatorenal toxicity. CONCLUSIONS The spirostanol saponin TED, a major spirostanol saponin isolated from FT, had potential hepatorenal toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Chen Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Xiao Song
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China; Shandong Drug and Food Vocational College, Weihai, 264210, China
| | - Fei Guo
- The Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250011, China
| | - Yao-Hui Yuan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Shu-Yue Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Kun-Lin Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Xi-Yu Lv
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Bing Han
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China.
| | - Jiang-Ting Liu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang Y, Guo W, Xie S, Liu Y, Xu D, Chen G, Xu Y. Multi-omics analysis of brain tissue metabolome and proteome reveals the protective effect of gross saponins of Tribulus terrestris L. fruit against ischemic stroke in rat. J Ethnopharmacol 2021; 278:114280. [PMID: 34082014 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Gross Saponins of Tribulus terrestris L. Fruit (GSTTF) has been reported to have a protective effect against ischemic stroke, but the related mechanism is complex and still not fully investigated. AIM OF THE STUDY The combination of metabolomics and proteomics approach was applied to reveal the mechanisms of GSTTF in treating ischemic stroke. MATERIALS AND METHODS The metabolite and protein changes in brain tissue were analyzed by the LC-MS-based untargeted metabolomics method and tandem mass tags (TMT)-based quantitative proteomics technology. The multivariate statistical analysis and protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis were conducted to screen out the biomarkers, and their related pathway was further investigated by the joint pathway analysis. RESULTS A total of 110 metabolites and 359 differential proteins, which were mainly associated with complement and coagulation cascades, sphingolipid metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, glutathione metabolism, and platelet activation, etc. were screened out from the rat brain tissue. The PPI network exhibited that the protein F2, Fga, Fgb, Fgg, Plg, and C3, which are greatly involved in the complement and coagulation cascades, have a relatively high connectivity degree, indicating their importance in the process of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). The GSTTF exerted a protective effect against MCAO via modulating multiple proteins on this pathway. Moreover, F2 played a key role during the protective process and worth to be further investigated due to it has been reported as one of the therapeutic targets of ischemic stroke. CONCLUSION The present study could improve the understanding of the potential therapeutic mechanism of GSTTF against ischemic stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China.
| | - Wenjun Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China; Key Laboratory of Medicinal Materials, Jilin Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Shengxu Xie
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Materials, Jilin Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Materials, Jilin Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Dandan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Materials, Jilin Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Geng Chen
- The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Yajuan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Materials, Jilin Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Changchun, 130021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Tian C, Chang Y, Wang R, Kang Z, Wang Q, Tong Z, Zhou A, Cui C, Liu M. Optimization of ultrasound extraction of Tribulus terrestris L. leaves saponins and their HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS n profiling, anti-inflammatory activity and mechanism in vitro and in vivo. J Ethnopharmacol 2021; 278:114225. [PMID: 34038799 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Tribulus terrestris L., as an annual herb plant from Zygophyllaceae, exhibits many biological activities, and its main chemical constituents are saponins. However, the extraction process, chemical compositions, anti-inflammatory effect and mechanism of total saponins from Tribulus terrestris L. leaves are still unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study extensively evaluated the extraction process, major components, anti-inflammatory action and mechanism of Tribulus terrestris L. leaves saponins. MATERIALS AND METHODS The ultrasonic extraction and response surface methods were adopted for optimization of extraction technology of total saponins from Tribulus terrestris L. leaves, and its compositions were detected with LC-MSn method. The anti-inflammatory activity of total saponins was studied by lipopolysaccharide induced RAW 264.7 cells and acute lung injury mice models. RESULTS The ultrasonic extraction parameters of saponins fraction, including ethanol concentration 30%, extraction time 55 min, ratio of solvent to material 35:1 ml/g and extraction temperature 46 °C, were screened by response surface method with the extracting rate 5.49%, and thirty compositions were detected with LC-MSn method. Moreover, saponins fraction can play a stronger anti-inflammatory effect by reducing the phagocytic activity and pulmonary edema, and protection of morphology of RAW 264.7 cells and lung tissues, and decreasing the content of NO and TNF-α. Moreover, it was revealed that total saponins extract can exert the anti-inflammatory action by the inhibition of the activation of the TLR4-TRAF6-NF-κB signalling pathway. CONCLUSION These studies imply that Tribulus terrestris L. leaves saponins may be an important anti-inflammatory drug in clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunlian Tian
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, No 120 Dongling Road Shenhe Dist., 110866, Shenyang Liaoning Prov., People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Yantai University, 264005, Yantai Shangdong Prov., People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Chang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, No 120 Dongling Road Shenhe Dist., 110866, Shenyang Liaoning Prov., People's Republic of China
| | - Ruxia Wang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, No 120 Dongling Road Shenhe Dist., 110866, Shenyang Liaoning Prov., People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiruo Kang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, No 120 Dongling Road Shenhe Dist., 110866, Shenyang Liaoning Prov., People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, No 120 Dongling Road Shenhe Dist., 110866, Shenyang Liaoning Prov., People's Republic of China
| | - Zhifan Tong
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, No 120 Dongling Road Shenhe Dist., 110866, Shenyang Liaoning Prov., People's Republic of China
| | - Aohua Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, No 120 Dongling Road Shenhe Dist., 110866, Shenyang Liaoning Prov., People's Republic of China
| | - Cancan Cui
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, No 120 Dongling Road Shenhe Dist., 110866, Shenyang Liaoning Prov., People's Republic of China
| | - Mingchun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, No 120 Dongling Road Shenhe Dist., 110866, Shenyang Liaoning Prov., People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Misiakiewicz-Has K, Maciejewska-Markiewicz D, Rzeszotek S, Pilutin A, Kolasa A, Szumilas P, Stachowska E, Wiszniewska B. The Obscure Effect of Tribulus terrestris Saponins Plus Inulin on Liver Morphology, Liver Fatty Acids, Plasma Glucose, and Lipid Profile in SD Rats with and without Induced Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168680. [PMID: 34445384 PMCID: PMC8395419 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a predictor of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). There are data suggesting that Tribulus terrestris (TT) saponins act as antidiabetic agents and protect against NAFLD. The effect of saponins may be increased by fermentable fibers such as inulin. The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of TT saponins and TT saponins plus inulin on the plasma lipid profile and liver fatty acids of rats with induced diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM). The study was performed on 36 male Sprague–Dawley rats divided into two main groups: control and diabetic. Animals of the diabetic (DM) group were fed a high-fat diet and injected with streptozotocin (low doses). Animals of the control group (nDM) were on a regular diet and were injected with buffer. After the injections, the animals were split into subgroups: three non-diabetic (nDM): (i) control (c-C); (ii) saponin-treated rats (C-Sap); (iii) rats treated with saponins + inulin (C-Sap + IN), and three diabetic subgroups (DM): (iv) control (c-DM); (v) saponin-treated rats (DM-Sap); (vi) rats treated with saponins + inulin (DM-Sap + IN). Liver fatty acids were extracted and analyzed by gas chromatography, and plasma glucose and lipids were measured. The study showed significant changes in liver morphology, liver fatty acids, plasma lipid profile, and plasma glucose. In summary, supplementation with TT saponins or saponins with inulin for one month decreased the level of steatosis in rats with induced type 2 diabetes. Moreover, there were favorable effects on the plasma lipid profile in the rats. However, additional supplementation with inulin had a negative effect on liver morphology (with a microvesicular type of steatosis) in the non-diabetes group. Moreover, supplementation with inulin had a negative effect on plasma glucose in both diabetic and non-diabetic rats. These data show that a diet enriched with fermentable fibers reveals different effects in different organisms, and not all sources and forms of fiber are beneficial to health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Misiakiewicz-Has
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (S.R.); (A.P.); (A.K.); (B.W.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Dominika Maciejewska-Markiewicz
- Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland; (D.M.-M.); (E.S.)
| | - Sylwia Rzeszotek
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (S.R.); (A.P.); (A.K.); (B.W.)
| | - Anna Pilutin
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (S.R.); (A.P.); (A.K.); (B.W.)
| | - Agnieszka Kolasa
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (S.R.); (A.P.); (A.K.); (B.W.)
| | - Paweł Szumilas
- Department of Social Medicine and Public Health, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 48 Żołnierska Str., 71-210 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Ewa Stachowska
- Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland; (D.M.-M.); (E.S.)
| | - Barbara Wiszniewska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (S.R.); (A.P.); (A.K.); (B.W.)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Mujtaba T, Hassan S, Hassan A, Wajdi M, Hafeez A, Shereen , Hussain K, Ahmed A, Furqan H, Tabassum N, Akbar MA. Electron ionization gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (ei-gc-ms) analysis of extracted oil from Tribulus terrestris seeds. Pak J Pharm Sci 2020; 33:2633-2641. [PMID: 33867341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The fine powdered form T. terrestris seeds, was extracted with n-hexane by soxhlet apparatus. The aim of the study was to analyze the T. terrestris seed oil (sample-A) by electron ionization Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (EI-GC-MS) using full scan method within mass range from 40-700 charge to mass ratio (m/z). Out of 102 compounds (1A-102A) 11 compounds (30A, 32A, 37A, 45A, 47A, 48A, 49A, 64A, 83A, 101A and 102A) could not be identified and 91 were identified by classical interpretation of the mass spectrum and by using NIST14 library with match factor > 95 of mass spectrums. While among the 91 identified compounds 18 were found common therefore finally 73 compounds were identified in the present EI-GC-MS analysis of sample-A.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tahreem Mujtaba
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi
| | - Sohail Hassan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi
| | - Amir Hassan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi
| | - Mehwish Wajdi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal Urdu University of Arts Science and Technology, Karachi
| | - Abdul Hafeez
- Mass Pharmaceutical (Pvt) Ltd. 17-Km, Ferozepur Road, Block B Pak-Arab Housing Scheme, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - - Shereen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi
| | - Kanwal Hussain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi
| | - Ateka Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi
| | - Hina Furqan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi
| | - Nazia Tabassum
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Tarkowská D. A Fast and Reliable UHPLC-MS/MS-Based Method for Screening Selected Pharmacologically Significant Natural Plant Indole Alkaloids. Molecules 2020; 25:E3274. [PMID: 32708364 PMCID: PMC7397342 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25143274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Many substances of secondary plant metabolism have often attracted the attention of scientists and the public because they have certain beneficial effects on human health, although the reason for their biosynthesis in the plant remains unclear. This is also the case for alkaloids. More than 200 years have passed since the discovery of the first alkaloid (morphine), and several thousand substances of this character have been isolated since then. Most often, alkaloid-rich plants are part of folk medicine with centuries-old traditions. What is particularly important to monitor for these herbal products is the spectrum and concentrations of the present active substances, which decide whether the product has a beneficial or toxic effect on human health. In this work, we present a fast, reliable, and robust method for the extraction, preconcentration, and determination of four selected alkaloids with an indole skeleton, i.e., harmine, harmaline, yohimbine, and ajmalicine, by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. The applicability of the method was demonstrated for tobacco and Tribulus terrestris plant tissue, the seeds of Peganum harmala, and extract from the bark of the African tree Pausinystalia johimbe.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danuše Tarkowská
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences and Faculty of Science, Palacký University, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ștefănescu R, Tero-Vescan A, Negroiu A, Aurică E, Vari CE. A Comprehensive Review of the Phytochemical, Pharmacological, and Toxicological Properties of Tribulus terrestris L. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E752. [PMID: 32408715 PMCID: PMC7277861 DOI: 10.3390/biom10050752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The general spread of Tribulus terrestris L. (South Africa, Australia, Europe, and India), the high content of active ingredients (in particular sterol saponins, as well as flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, phenol carboxylic acids, and alkaloids), and its frequent uses in folk medicine, and as food supplements highlight the importance of evaluating its phytopharmacological properties. There are miscellaneous hypotheses that the species could have a high potential for the prevention and improvement of various human conditions such as infertility, low sexual desire, diabetes, and inflammatory diseases. Worldwide, numerous herbal supplements are commercialized with indications mostly to improve libido, sexual performance in both sexes, and athletic performance. Phytochemical studies have shown great disparities in the content of active substances (in particular the concentration of furostanol and spirostanol saponoside, considered to be the predominant active ingredients related to the therapeutic action). Thus, studies of experimental pharmacology (in vitro studies and animal models in vivo) and clinical pharmacology (efficacy and safety clinical trials) have sometimes led to divergent results; moreover, the presumed pharmacodynamic mechanisms have yet to be confirmed by molecular biology studies. Given the differences observed in the composition, the plant organ used to obtain the extract, the need for selective extraction methods which are targeted at the class of phytocompounds, and the standardization of T. terrestris extracts is an absolute necessity. This review aims to highlight the phytochemical, pharmacological, and toxicological properties of T. terrestris, with a focus on the contradictory results obtained by the studies conducted worldwide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruxandra Ștefănescu
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania; (A.N.); (E.A.)
| | - Amelia Tero-Vescan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania;
| | - Ancuța Negroiu
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania; (A.N.); (E.A.)
| | - Elena Aurică
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania; (A.N.); (E.A.)
| | - Camil-Eugen Vari
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania;
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Qiu M, An M, Bian M, Yu S, Liu C, Liu Q. Terrestrosin D from Tribulus terrestris attenuates bleomycin-induced inflammation and suppresses fibrotic changes in the lungs of mice. Pharm Biol 2019; 57:694-700. [PMID: 31608748 PMCID: PMC6807862 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2019.1672754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Context: Terrestrosin D (TED), from Tribulus terrestris L. (Zygophyllaceae), exhibits anti-tumour and anti-inflammatory activities. However, its effects on bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary inflammation and the subsequent fibrotic changes remain unclear. Objective: To examine the anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects of TED against BLM in murine pulmonary tissues. Materials and methods: Male SPF mice received saline (control), TED (10 mg/kg), BLM (2.5 mg/kg), or BLM (2.5 mg/kg) + TED (10 mg/kg) group. BLM was administered as a single intranasal inoculation, and TED was intraperitoneally administered once daily. After 2 and 6 weeks of treatment, cell number and differentiation (Giemsa staining) and TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, TGF-β1, and PDGF-AB levels (ELISA) were determined in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Hydroxyproline (Hyp) content in the left pulmonary tissue was also determined (ELISA). The right pulmonary tissue was H&E-stained and assessed for the severity of pulmonary fibrosis using the Ashcroft scoring method. Compared with the BLM group, TED decreased inflammatory cell infiltration; number of macrophages (p < 0.05), neutrophils (p < 0.05), lymphocytes (p < 0.05); percentage of macrophages in the monocyte-macrophage system (p < 0.05), and levels of TNF-α (p < 0.01), IL-6 (p < 0.01), IL-8 (p < 0.05), TGF-β1 (p < 0.05), and PDGF-AB (p < 0.05) in the BALF. TED also reduced Hyp content (p < 0.05) in the pulmonary tissue and attenuated the BLM-induced deterioration in lung histopathology. Discussion and conclusions: TED can inhibit BLM-induced inflammation and fibrosis in the lungs of mice, which may be related to reduced inflammatory and fibrotic markers. These results could be further tested in humans through clinical studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Qiu
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China
| | - Ming An
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China
| | - Mengni Bian
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China
| | - Shunbang Yu
- School of Health Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Changxiao Liu
- Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin, China
| | - Quanli Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China
- CONTACT Quanli Liu Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, 31 Jianshe Road, Baotou, Inner Mongolia 014060, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Arafa MH, Amin DM, Samir GM, Atteia HH. Protective effects of tribulus terrestris extract and angiotensin blockers on testis steroidogenesis in copper overloaded rats. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2019; 178:113-122. [PMID: 30999179 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The rational of the current study was to assess whether Tribulus terrestris extract (TTE) could alleviate long-term copper (Cu) overload-induced testicular dysfunction compared to enalapril and losartan. Rats were administered either vehicle (control group, n = 10) or copper sulfate pentahydrate (CuSO4·5H2O, 200 mg/kg, p.o) for 90 days (n = 40). Cu-treated rats were randomized into four equal groups. One group was left untreated (Cu group) while the remaining three groups were daily co-treated with one of the following treatments along with CuSO4: TTE (10 mg/kg, p.o); enalapril (30 mg/kg, p.o); losartan (10 mg/kg, p.o). Excess Cu intake resulted in Cu overload coupled with a significant elevation in systolic blood pressure and serum angiotensin II levels along with a reduction in serum nitric oxide level. All concomitant treatments led to an alleviation of such deleterious effects. However, only losartan failed to ameliorate angiotensin II elevation. Additionally, all treatments protected the testes against Cu-overload-elicited zinc depletion and oxidative stress. Regarding reproductive function, the relative weights of testes, serum levels of testosterone and luteinizing hormone; the expression of steroidogenic genes; the protein levels of angiotensin II type 1 receptor and angiotensin converting enzyme 1, in addition to its activity, they were significantly reduced. Amongst all treatments, only TTE and E were able to revert these reproductive changes. In conclusion TTE and E were able to protect against Cu overload-induced impairment of testicular steroidogenesis. Thus, they might be considered as prophylactic drugs of choice against hypertension and testicular dysfunction to ameliorate Cu overload risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manar Hamed Arafa
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Sharkia Gov., Egypt
| | - Dalia Mohamed Amin
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Sharkia Gov., Egypt
| | - Ghada Mohammed Samir
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Sharkia Gov., Egypt
| | - Hebatallah Husseini Atteia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, 44519, Zagazig, Sharkia Gov., Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Santos HO, Howell S, Teixeira FJ. Beyond tribulus (Tribulus terrestris L.): The effects of phytotherapics on testosterone, sperm and prostate parameters. J Ethnopharmacol 2019; 235:392-405. [PMID: 30790614 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNO-PHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Phytotherapeutic approaches have been widely proposed to improve male health. Despite the well-touted effects of tribulus (Tribulus terrestris L) on men's health, an optimal phytotherapy remains an elusive challenge. AIM OF THE REVIEW We sought to critically analyze the evidence in the phytotherapic literature beyond the effects of tribulus on testosterone (T) concentration and sperm analysis to also include indications for prostate health. MATERIALS AND METHODS A focused literature search was conducted to include studies published in Cochrane, Pubmed, and Web of Science databases between the years 2002 and 2018. RESULTS The use of tribulus and maca (Lepidium meyenii Walp, Brassicaceae) were not scientifically supported to improve serum T levels in men. Moderate evidence supports the use of long Jack (Eurycoma longifolia Jack, Simaroubaceae), mucuna (Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC., Fabaceae), ashwagandha (Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal, Solanaceae), fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graceum L., Fabaceae), and black seeds (Nigella sativa L., Ranunculaceae) to increase total T and improve seminal parameters. Data suggests an increase in total T with the use of 5000 mg/d of powdered mucuna seed and ashwagandha root (151 and 143 ng/dL, respectively) over a 12-week period in patients with oligozoospermia. The use of mucuna was supported for patients with oligozoospermia to improve sperm parameters, with an increase of 83.3 million/mL observed after use of 5000 mg/d of powdered mucuna seed over a 12-week period. Evidence supporting the use of saw palmetto (Serenoa repens, (W.Bartram) Small, Arecaceae) to improve prostate health remains equivocal; whereas, evidence supporting the use of Pygeum africanum Hook.f., Rosaceae, Urtica dioica L., Urticaceae, beta-sitosterols, pollen extract, onion, garlic, and tomato, appears favorable and promising. CONCLUSION Scientific evidence supports the use of mucuna and ashwagandha as phytotherapics for improving serum T concentrations and semen parameters. Despite inconclusive evidence for use of tribulus as a T booster, it may provide advantageous effects on sperm parameters in men with idiopathic infertility. Nutraceutical strategies and some phytotherapics may also be effective to promote prostate health. Popular foodstuffs (onion, garlic, and tomato), nutraceutical agents (pollen extract and beta-sitosterols), and herbal medicines (Pygeum africanum and Urtica dioica) are rational approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heitor O Santos
- School of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlandia (UFU), Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Scott Howell
- Research Director, Tier 1 Center for Research, Chattanooga, TN, United States
| | - Filipe J Teixeira
- Laboratory of Physiology and Biochemistry of Exercise, Faculty of Human Kinetics, Universidade de Lisboa, Cruz Quebrada, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Chauhdary Z, Saleem U, Ahmad B, Shah S, Shah MA. Neuroprotective evaluation of Tribulus terrestris L. in aluminum chloride induced Alzheimer's disease. Pak J Pharm Sci 2019; 32:805-816. [PMID: 31103976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Tribulus terrestris (T.T) is enriched with steroidal saponins and flavonoids which have neuroprotective effect. The study was aimed to explore the potential of T.T methanol extract (T.T ME) for anti-Alzheirmer activity along with its safety evaluation. Plant was characterized by physicochemical, phytochemical and GCMS analyses whereas acute oral toxicity (OECD 425) was performed for safety evaluation. AlCl3 induced Alzheimer's disease rat model was used for anti-Alzheirmer activity. T.T ME was given orally at 100, 300 and 1000 mg/kg doses for 21 days and behavioral parameters were observed on 22nd study day. Physicochemical parameters were in permissible limits. GCMS analysis showed eight different compounds and benzene dicarboxylic acid showed maximum % peak area (64.19). No mortality was noted in acute toxicity study. Behavioral studies showed highly significant (p<0.001) improvement in T.T ME treated groups. Antioxidant enzymes and acetylcholinesterase levels were significantly (p<0.05) improved on treatment with T.T ME. Histopathological analysis indicated that neurofibrillary tangles were significantly improved in T.T ME treated groups. Biochemical and behavioral results suggested that T.T contained lead compounds which are effective in the treatment of Alzheimer disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zunera Chauhdary
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Uzma Saleem
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Bashir Ahmad
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Shah
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ajmal Shah
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Abu-Gharbieh E, Shehab NG, Almasri IM, Bustanji Y. Antihyperuricemic and xanthine oxidase inhibitory activities of Tribulus arabicus and its isolated compound, ursolic acid: In vitro and in vivo investigation and docking simulations. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0202572. [PMID: 30114281 PMCID: PMC6095567 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperurecemia is usually associated with gout and various metabolic arthritis disorders. Limited medications are available to manage such conditions. This study aimed to isolate the triterpenes constituent of the plant and to assess xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory and antihyperuricemic activities of Tribulus arabicus ethanolic extract, its fractions and the isolated compound using in vitro and in vivo approaches. METHODS The ethanolic extract, fractions; n-hexane, chloroform and n-butanol and the isolated compound (ursolic acid) were evaluated in vitro for their XO inhibitory activity. Those that demonstrated significant activity were further evaluated for their antihyperuricemic activity on potassium oxonate-induced hyperuricemia in mice. RESULTS The ethanolic extract was found to be safe up to 5000 mg/kg. The extract and its n-hexane fraction exhibited significant inhibitory activity on XO, whilst only a modest reduction in the enzymatic activity was noticed with n-butanol and chloroform fractions. Furthermore, administration of the ethanolic extract at low and high doses significantly reduced serum urate levels in mice by 31.1 and 64.6% respectively. The isolated active constituent, ursolic acid, showed potent XO inhibition activity (Half maximal inhibitory concentration, IC50 = 10.3 μg/mL), and significantly reduced uric acid level in vivo by 79.9%. Virtually, the binding mode of ursolic acid with XO was determined using molecular docking simulations. CONCLUSIONS The activity of the ethanolic extract of T. arabicus and its n-hexane fraction can be attributed to the isolated compound, ursolic acid. Ursolic acid has good hypouricemic activity and therefore has high potential to be used for the treatment of gout and hyperuricemia-related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eman Abu-Gharbieh
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Dubai Pharmacy College, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Naglaa G. Shehab
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Natural Products, Dubai Pharmacy College, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ihab M. Almasri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al Azhar University, Gaza, Palestine
| | - Yasser Bustanji
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
- Hamdi Mango Center for Scientific Research, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Spivak LG, Platonova DV, Enikeev DV, Rapoport LM, Vinarov AZ, Demidko YL. [Results of a comparative multi-center randomized clinical study of efficacy and safety of EFFEX Tribulus and Tribestan in patients with erectile dysfunction]. Urologiia 2018:54-61. [PMID: 29901295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
RELEVANCE Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common condition. Pharmacological management of ED involves medications produced by chemical synthesis. Despite high efficiency, their use is often accompanied by some side effects. Considering this, herbal preparations with sufficient efficacy and greater safety have received much attention. AIM To compare the efficacy and safety of two herbal preparations (EFFEX Tribulus and Tribestan) based on Tribulus Terrestris herb dry extract in patients with ED. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 173 patients were enrolled in the study, of whom 87 (group I) and 86 (group II) received EFFEX Tribulus and Tribestan, respectively. The mean age of patients was 42.2+/-11.5 years in group I and 42.8+/-11.2 years in group II. One hundred fifty two patients completed the study. The follow-up was 13 weeks (the herbal preparation dose was titrated at week five after the treatment initiation). The effectiveness of treatment was assessed on five follow-up visits using the IIEF, AMS, MSF, GAQ questionnaires, and a complex of diagnostic and laboratory studies. RESULTS At visit five compared to visit 1, the mean IIEF erectile function domain score increased by 5.7+/-4.6 and 5.2+/-4.3 points in group I and II, respectively. In both groups, all other IIEF domain scores demonstrated a statistically significant increase. The AMS scores decreased from 32.93+/-10.04 to 25.02+/-7.62 points in group I and 31.78+/-10.37 to 24.55+/-7.31 points in group II. The SMF scores increased from 22.36+/-4.85 to 27.16+/-4.80 points in group I and from 22.13+/-3.69 to 26.10+/-5.69 points in group II. Besides, the use of the herbal preparations was associated with a decrease in the serum cholesterol level, more pronounced with increasing patient age (correlation coefficient -0.06, p=0.41). CONCLUSION The herbal preparations EFFEX Tribulus and Tribestan have a similar efficacy and safety profiles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L G Spivak
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty, I.M. Sechenov First MSMU of Minzdrav of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - D V Platonova
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty, I.M. Sechenov First MSMU of Minzdrav of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - D V Enikeev
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty, I.M. Sechenov First MSMU of Minzdrav of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - L M Rapoport
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty, I.M. Sechenov First MSMU of Minzdrav of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - A Z Vinarov
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty, I.M. Sechenov First MSMU of Minzdrav of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yu L Demidko
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty, I.M. Sechenov First MSMU of Minzdrav of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Sellami M, Slimeni O, Pokrywka A, Kuvačić G, D Hayes L, Milic M, Padulo J. Herbal medicine for sports: a review. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2018; 15:14. [PMID: 29568244 PMCID: PMC5856322 DOI: 10.1186/s12970-018-0218-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of herbal medicinal products and supplements has increased during last decades. At present, some herbs are used to enhance muscle strength and body mass. Emergent evidence suggests that the health benefits from plants are attributed to their bioactive compounds such as Polyphenols, Terpenoids, and Alkaloids which have several physiological effects on the human body. At times, manufacturers launch numerous products with banned ingredient inside with inappropriate amounts or fake supplement inducing harmful side effect. Unfortunately up to date, there is no guarantee that herbal supplements are safe for anyone to use and it has not helped to clear the confusion surrounding the herbal use in sport field especially. Hence, the purpose of this review is to provide guidance on the efficacy and side effect of most used plants in sport. We have identified plants according to the following categories: Ginseng, alkaloids, and other purported herbal ergogenics such as Tribulus Terrestris, Cordyceps Sinensis. We found that most herbal supplement effects are likely due to activation of the central nervous system via stimulation of catecholamines. Ginseng was used as an endurance performance enhancer, while alkaloids supplementation resulted in improvements in sprint and cycling intense exercises. Despite it is prohibited, small amount of ephedrine was usually used in combination with caffeine to enhance muscle strength in trained individuals. Some other alkaloids such as green tea extracts have been used to improve body mass and composition in athletes. Other herb (i.e. Rhodiola, Astragalus) help relieve muscle and joint pain, but results about their effects on exercise performance are missing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maha Sellami
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Split, Teslina 6, 21000 Split, Croatia
- Tunisian Research Laboratory, Sport Performance Optimization, National Center of Medicine and Science in Sports, Tunis, Tunisia
- Laboratory of Biosurveillance of the Environment, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Zarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Olfa Slimeni
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Zielona Gora, Zielona Gora, Poland
| | - Andrzej Pokrywka
- Active Ageing Research Group, Department of Medical and Sport Sciences, University of Cumbria, Bowerham Road, Lancaster, UK
| | - Goran Kuvačić
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Split, Teslina 6, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Lawrence D Hayes
- Active Ageing Research Group, Department of Medical and Sport Sciences, University of Cumbria, Bowerham Road, Lancaster, UK
| | - Mirjana Milic
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Split, Teslina 6, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Johnny Padulo
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Split, Teslina 6, 21000 Split, Croatia
- University eCampus, Novedrate, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Sharma I, Khan W, Ahmad S. In vitro and ex vivo approach for anti-urolithiatic potential of bioactive fractions of gokhru with simultaneous HPLC analysis of six major metabolites and their exploration in rat plasma. Pharm Biol 2017; 55:701-711. [PMID: 27982733 PMCID: PMC6130657 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2016.1266671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2016] [Revised: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Tribulus terrestris L. (Zygophyllaceae) fruits have long been used in traditional systems of medicine for the treatment of various urinary diseases including urolithiasis. OBJECTIVE To explore the anti-urolithiatic potential of gokhru and to develop an analytical method for quantitative estimation of metabolites for its quality control. MATERIALS AND METHODS Aqueous extract of gokhru fruit was prepared through maceration followed by decoction to produce a mother extract, which was further used for polarity-based fractionations. In vitro and ex vivo anti-urolithiatic activity of mother extract and fractions at different concentration (100-1000 μg/mL) were carried out using aggregation assay in synthetic urine and in rat plasma, however, nucleation assay for 30 min was done using confocal microscopy. A simultaneous HPLC method has been developed for quantification of diosgenin, catechin, rutin, gallic acid, tannic acid and quercetin in mother extract and in fractions. RESULTS The extraction resulted in 14.5% of w/w mother extract, however, polarity-based fractionation yielded 2.1, 2.6, 1.5, 1.3 and 6.1% w/w of hexane, toluene, dichloromethane (DCM), n-butanol and water fractions, respectively. In vitro and ex vivo studies showed a significant anti-urolithiatic potential of n-butanol fraction. Further, HPLC analysis revealed significantly (p < 0.01) higher content of quercetin (1.95 ± 0.41% w/w), diosgenin (12.75 ± 0.18% w/w) and tannic acid (9.81 ± 0.47% w/w) in n-butanol fraction as compared to others fractions. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION In vitro and ex vivo studies demonstrated potent anti-urolithiatic activity of n-butanol fraction which can be developed as new phytopharmaceuticals for urolithiasis. HPLC method can be used for quality control and pharmacokinetic studies of gokhru.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ikshit Sharma
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
| | - Washim Khan
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
| | - Sayeed Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Zheng W, Wang F, Zhao Y, Sun X, Kang L, Fan Z, Qiao L, Yan R, Liu S, Ma B. Rapid Characterization of Constituents in Tribulus terrestris from Different Habitats by UHPLC/Q-TOF MS. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2017; 28:2302-2318. [PMID: 28766114 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-017-1761-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A strategy for rapid identification of the chemical constituents from crude extracts of Tribulus terrestris was proposed using an informatics platform for the UHPLC/Q-TOF MSE data analyses. This strategy mainly utilizes neutral losses, characteristic fragments, and in-house library to rapidly identify the structure of the compounds. With this strategy, rapid characterization of the chemical components of T. terrestris from Beijing, China was successfully achieved. A total of 82 steroidal saponins and nine flavonoids were identified or tentatively identified from T. terrestris. Among them, 15 new components were deduced based on retention times and characteristic MS fragmentation patterns. Furthermore, the chemical components of T. terrestris, including the other two samples from Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous region, China, and Rome, Italy, were also identified with this strategy. Altogether, 141 chemical components were identified from these three samples, of which 39 components were identified or tentatively identified as new compounds, including 35 groups of isomers. It demonstrated that this strategy provided an efficient protocol for the rapid identification of chemical constituents in complex samples such as traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) by UHPLC/Q-TOF MSE with informatics platform. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zheng
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, No. 27 Taiping Road, Beijing, 100850, China
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 88 Yuquan Road, Tianjin, 300193, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangxu Wang
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, No. 27 Taiping Road, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, No. 27 Taiping Road, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Xinguang Sun
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, No. 27 Taiping Road, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Liping Kang
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, No. 27 Taiping Road, Beijing, 100850, China
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Ziquan Fan
- Waters Technology (Shanghai) Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 201206, China
| | - Lirui Qiao
- Waters Technology (Shanghai) Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 201206, China
| | - Renyi Yan
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, No. 27 Taiping Road, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Shuchen Liu
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, No. 27 Taiping Road, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Baiping Ma
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, No. 27 Taiping Road, Beijing, 100850, China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Shahid M, Riaz M, Talpur MMA, Pirzada T. Phytopharmacology of Tribulus terrestris. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2016; 30:785-788. [PMID: 27655498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Tribulus terrestris is an annual herb which belongs to the Zygophyllaceae family. This plant has been used in traditional medicine for the treatment of various diseases for hundreds of decades. The main active phytoconstituents of this plant include flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, lignin, amides, and glycosides. The plant parts have different pharmacological activities including aphrodisiac, antiinflammatory, antimicrobial and antioxidant potential. T. terrestris is most often used for infertility and loss of libido. It has potential application as immunomodulatory, hepatoprotective, hypolipidemic, anthelmintic and anticarcinogenic activities. The aim of the present article is to create a database for further investigation of the phytopharmacological properties of this plant to promote research. This study will definitely help to confirm its traditional use along with its value-added utility, eventually leading to higher revenues from the plant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Shahid
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - M Riaz
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - M M A Talpur
- Institute of Chemistry, Shah Abdul Latif University, Khairpur, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - T Pirzada
- Institute of Chemistry, Shah Abdul Latif University, Khairpur, Sindh, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Reshma PL, Sainu NS, Mathew AK, Raghu KG. Mitochondrial dysfunction in H9c2 cells during ischemia and amelioration with Tribulus terrestris L. Life Sci 2016; 152:220-30. [PMID: 27049116 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.03.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Revised: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The present study investigates the protective effect of partially characterized Tribulus terrestris L. fruit methanol extract against mitochondrial dysfunction in cell based (H9c2) myocardial ischemia model. MAIN METHODS To induce ischemia, the cells were maintained in an ischemic buffer (composition in mM -137 NaCl, 12 KCl, 0.5 MgCl2, 0.9 CaCl2, 20 HEPES, 20 2-deoxy-d-glucose, pH-6.2) at 37°C with 0.1% O2, 5% CO2, and 95% N2 in a hypoxia incubator for 1h. Cells were pretreated with various concentrations of T. terrestris L. fruit methanol extract (10 and 25μg/ml) and Cyclosporin A (1μM) for 24h prior to the induction of ischemia. KEY FINDINGS Different parameters like lactate dehydrogenase release, total antioxidant capacity, glutathione content and antioxidant enzymes were investigated. Studies were conducted on mitochondria by analyzing alterations in mitochondrial membrane potential, integrity, and dynamics (fission and fusion proteins - Mfn1, Mfn2, OPA1, Drp1 and Fis1). Various biochemical processes in mitochondria like activity of electron transport chain (ETC) complexes, oxygen consumption and ATP production was measured. Ischemia for 1h caused a significant (p≤0.05) increase in LDH leakage, decrease in antioxidant activity and caused mitochondrial dysfunction. T. terrestris L. fruit methanol extract pretreatment was found effective in safeguarding mitochondria via its antioxidant potential, mediated through various bioactives. HPLC of T. terrestris L. fruit methanol extract revealed the presence of ferulic acid, phloridzin and diosgenin. SIGNIFICANCE T. terrestris L. fruit ameliorate ischemic insult in H9c2 cells by safeguarding mitochondrial function. This validates the use of T. terrestris L. against heart disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P L Reshma
- Agroprocessing and Natural Products Division, CSIR - National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, Kerala, India
| | - Neethu S Sainu
- Agroprocessing and Natural Products Division, CSIR - National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, Kerala, India
| | - Anil K Mathew
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR - National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, Kerala, India
| | - K G Raghu
- Agroprocessing and Natural Products Division, CSIR - National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, Kerala, India.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Abadjieva D, Kistanova E. Tribulus terrestris Alters the Expression of Growth Differentiation Factor 9 and Bone Morphogenetic Protein 15 in Rabbit Ovaries of Mothers and F1 Female Offspring. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0150400. [PMID: 26928288 PMCID: PMC4771171 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Although previous research has demonstrated the key role of the oocyte-derived factors, bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) 15 and growth differentiation factor (GDF) 9, in follicular development and ovulation, there is a lack of knowledge on the impact of external factors, which females are exposed to during folliculogenesis, on their expression. The present study investigated the effect of the aphrodisiac Tribulus terrestris on the GDF9 and BMP15 expression in the oocytes and cumulus cells at mRNA and protein levels during folliculogenesis in two generations of female rabbits. The experiment was conducted with 28 New Zealand rabbits. Only the diet of the experimental mothers group was supplemented with a dry extract of T. terrestris for the 45 days prior to insemination. The expression of BMP15 and GDF9 genes in the oocytes and cumulus cells of mothers and F1 female offspring was analyzed using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The localization of the GDF9 and BMP15 proteins in the ovary tissues was determined by immunohistochemical analysis. The BMP15 and GDF9 transcripts were detected in the oocytes and cumulus cells of rabbits from all groups. T. terrestris caused a decrease in the BMP15 mRNA level in the oocytes and an increase in the cumulus cells. The GDF9 mRNA level increased significantly in both oocytes and cumulus cells. The downregulated expression of BMP15 in the treated mothers' oocytes was inherited in the F1 female offspring born to treated mothers. BMP15 and GDF9 show a clearly expressed sensitivity to the bioactive compounds of T. terrestris.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Desislava Abadjieva
- Institute of Biology and Immunology of Reproduction, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Elena Kistanova
- Institute of Biology and Immunology of Reproduction, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Kumari M, Singh P. Tribulus terrestris ameliorates metronidazole-induced spermatogenic inhibition and testicular oxidative stress in the laboratory mouse. Indian J Pharmacol 2015; 47:304-10. [PMID: 26069369 PMCID: PMC4450557 DOI: 10.4103/0253-7613.157129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Revised: 12/26/2014] [Accepted: 04/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study was undertaken to evaluate the protective effects of the fruit extract of Tribulus terrestris (TT) on the metronidazole (MTZ)-induced alterations in spermatogenesis, sperm count, testicular functions, and oxidative stress. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty adult Swiss strain mice were divided into six groups. Animals of Groups I and II served as untreated and vehicle-treated controls, while that of Groups III and IV were administered with MTZ (500 mg/kg BW/day) and TT (200 mg/kg BW/day) alone for 28 days, respectively. Low (100 mg/kg BW/day) and high (200 mg/kg BW/day) doses of TT along with MTZ (500 mg/kg BW/day) were administered for 28 days in the mice of Groups V and VI, respectively. Twenty four hours after the last treatment, all the animals were euthanized to study the histological changes in the testis and sperm count in the epididymis. Testicular functional markers, lipid peroxidation (LPO) and the activities of antioxidant enzymes, e.g., superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase, were also assessed in the mice of all the groups. RESULTS Metronidazole caused marked alterations in the testicular weight, spermatogenesis, activities of antioxidant enzymes, lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, and the level of LPO. The epididymal sperm count also declined significantly in MTZ-treated group. These changes were partially restored following co-administration of 500 mg/kg BW/day of MTZ and 100 mg/kg BW/day of TT. However, in the mice co-administered with 500 mg/kg BW/day of MTZ and 200 mg/kg BW/day of TT, the changes reverted back completely, similar to that of the controls. CONCLUSION The fruit extract of TT ameliorates the MTZ-induced alterations in the testis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mrinalini Kumari
- Department of Zoology, MMV, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Poonam Singh
- Department of Zoology, MMV, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Abstract
CONTEXT Tribulus terrestris L. (Zygophyllaceae) has been commonly used to energize, vitalize, and improve sexual function and physical performance in men. OBJECTIVE This study investigates the potential cytotoxic and genotoxic, and endocrine disrupting activities of T. terrestris in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS The whole T. terrestris plant was extracted with water, methanol, and chloroform. The genotoxic potential of T. terrestris extracts at 3-2400 µg/mL was assessed by Comet assay in a rat kidney cell line (NRK-52E) and by Ames assay in Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100 strains. Endocrine disrupting effects of the extracts at concentrations of 0.22-25 000 µg/mL were assessed by YES/YAS assay in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Cytotoxic activity of the extracts was determined by the MTT test in NRK-52E cells. The different exposure times were used for four tests (3-48 h). RESULTS The methanol extract of T. terrestris IC50 value was 160 µg/mL. The other extracts did not show cytotoxic effects. In the Comet and Ames genotoxicity assays, none of the extracts possessed genotoxic activities at concentrations of 0-2400 µg/mL. Only the water extract of T. terrestris induced frame shift mutations after metabolic activation. The water extract also showed estrogenic activity by YES/YAS assay in S. cerevisiae at concentrations ≥27 µg/mL (≥2.6-fold), while the other T. terrestris extracts had anti-estrogenic properties. CONCLUSION Tribulus terrestris had estrogenic and genotoxic activities. The study was useful in determining its toxicological effects and the precautions regarding consumption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Abudayyak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University , Istanbul , Turkey
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Kang LP, Wu KL, Yu HS, Pang X, Liu J, Han LF, Zhang J, Zhao Y, Xiong CQ, Song XB, Liu C, Cong YW, Ma BP. Steroidal saponins from Tribulus terrestris. Phytochemistry 2014; 107:182-189. [PMID: 25172515 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2014.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2013] [Revised: 05/25/2014] [Accepted: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Sixteen steroidal saponins, including seven previously unreported compounds, were isolated from Tribulus terrestris. The structures of the saponins were established using 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and chemical methods. They were identified as: 26-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(25R)-furost-4-en-2α,3β,22α,26-tetrol-12-one (terrestrinin C), 26-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(25R)-furost-4-en-22α,26-diol-3,12-dione (terrestrinin D), 26-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(25S)-furost-4-en-22α,26-diol-3,6,12-trione (terrestrinin E), 26-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(25R)-5α-furostan-3β,22α,26-triol-12-one (terrestrinin F), 26-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(25R)-furost-4-en-12β,22α,26-triol-3-one (terrestrinin G), 26-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(25R)-furost-4-en-22α,26-diol-3,12-dione (terrestrinin H), and 24-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(25S)-5α-spirostan-3β,24β-diol-12-one-3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-d-galactopyranoside (terrestrinin I). The isolated compounds were evaluated for their platelet aggregation activities. Three of the known saponins exhibited strong effects on the induction of platelet aggregation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ping Kang
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China; Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China; State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Ke-Lei Wu
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China; Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - He-Shui Yu
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China; Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Xu Pang
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Li-Feng Han
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Cheng-Qi Xiong
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Xin-Bo Song
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Yu-Wen Cong
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Bai-Ping Ma
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Abstract
The methanol extract of the whole parts of Tribulus macropterus Boiss. (family Zygophyllaceae) showed cytotoxic activity against a human tumour cell line (hepatocyte generation 2, HepG2) (IC50 = 2.9 μg/ml). The n-butanolic fraction obtained from successive fractionation of the methanolic extract exhibited activity against HepG2 (IC50 = 2.6 μg/ml). Therefore, this fraction was subjected to separation using different chromatographic techniques. Five compounds, 1-5, were isolated and identified as: (22S,25S)-16β,22,26-trihydroxy-cholest-4- en-3-one-16-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-D-xylopyranoside (1), (22S,25S)-16β,22,26-trihydroxy- cholest-4-en-3-one-16-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-d-glucopyranoside (2), sucrose (3), d-pinitol (4) and 3β-hydroxy-5α-pregn-16(17)en-20-one-3-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→2)- [β-d-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)]-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)]-β-D-galactopyranoside (5) on the basis of spectroscopic and chemical data. The three steroidal compounds 1, 2 and 5 were also tested against the same cell line HepG2 and their IC50 values were 2.4, 2.2 and 1.1 μg/ml, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- El-Sayed S Abdel-Hameed
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Warrak El-Hader, Egypt.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Naveed MA, Riaz N, Saleem M, Jabeen B, Ashraf M, Ismail T, Jabbar A. Longipetalosides A-C, new steroidal saponins from Tribulus longipetalus. Steroids 2014; 83:45-51. [PMID: 24530871 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2014.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2013] [Revised: 12/09/2013] [Accepted: 01/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Longipetalosides A-C (1-3); three new furostane steroidal saponins together with (25S)-5α-furastan-3β,22,26-triol (4) and gitogenin (5) were isolated from the methanolic extract of the whole plant of Tribulus longipetalus. The structures of these compounds (1-5) were established by using 1D ((1)H, (13)C) and 2D NMR (HMQC, HMBC, COSY, NOESY) spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry (ESIMS, HRESIMS), and in comparison with literature data reported for related compounds. Compounds 1-5 were evaluated for their inhibitory activities against enzymes α-glucosidase, lipoxygenase, acetylcholinesterase, and butyrylcholinesterase. Only the compounds 4 and 5 were found as the inhibitors of enzyme α-glucosidase with IC50 values of 33.5±0.22 and 37.2±0.18μM, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Akram Naveed
- Department of Chemistry, Baghdad-ul-Jadeed Campus, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Naheed Riaz
- Department of Chemistry, Baghdad-ul-Jadeed Campus, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Saleem
- Department of Chemistry, Baghdad-ul-Jadeed Campus, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Jabeen
- Department of Chemistry, Baghdad-ul-Jadeed Campus, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ashraf
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Baghdad-ul-Jadeed Campus, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Tayaba Ismail
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Baghdad-ul-Jadeed Campus, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Jabbar
- Department of Chemistry, Baghdad-ul-Jadeed Campus, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Bansal SK, Singh KV, Sharma S. Larvicidal potential of wild mustard (Cleome viscosa) and gokhru (Tribulus terrestris) against mosquito vectors in the semi-arid region of Western Rajasthan. J Environ Biol 2014; 35:327-332. [PMID: 24665757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Cleome viscosa L. (Family: Capparaceae) commonly known as Tickweed or wild mustard and Tribulus terrestris L. (Family: Zygophyllaceae) commonly known as Gokhru, growing wildly in the desert areas in the monsoon and post monsoon season, are of great medicinal importance. Comparative larvicidal efficacy of the extracts from seeds of C. viscosa and fruits and leaves of T. terrestris was evaluated against 3rd or early 4th stage larvae of Anopheles stephensi (Liston), Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus) and Culex quinquefasciatus (Say) in different organic solvents. 24 and 48 hr LC50 and LC90 values along with their 95% fiducial limits, regression equation, chi-square (chi2)/ heterogeneity of the response was determined by log probit regression analysis. The 24 hr LC50 values as determined for seeds of C. viscosa were 144.1, 99.5 and 127.1 (methanol); 106.3, 138.9 and 118.5 (acetone) and 166.4, 162.5 and 301.9 mg l(-1) (petroleum ether extracts) for all the three mosquito species respectively showing that methanol and acetone extracts were a little bit more effective than the petroleum ether extracts. Experiments were carried out with fruits and leaves of T. terrestris with all the solvents and mosquito species. The 24 hr LC50 values, as determined for fruits of T. terrestris were 70.8, 103.4 and 268.2 (methanol); 74.0,120.5 and 132.0 (acetone) and 73.8,113.5 and 137.4 mg l(-1) (petroleum ether extracts) while the 24 hr LC50 values for leaves were 124.3, 196.8 and 246.5 (methanol); 163.4, 196.9 and 224.3 (acetone) and 135.8, 176.8 and 185.9 mg l(-1) (petroleum ether extracts) for all the three mosquito species respectively. The results clearly indicate that fruit extracts of T. terrestris were more effective as compared to leaves extracts in the three solvents tested. Larvae of An. stephensi were found more sensitive to both fruit and leaves extracts of T. terrestris followed by larvae of Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus. Extracts from the seeds of C. viscosa were found less effective as compared to the fruit extracts of T. terrestris indicating that active larvicidal principle may be present in the fruits of this plant species. The studywould be of great importance while formulating the control strategy, for vectors of malaria, dengue and lymphatic filariasis, based on alternative plant based insecticides in this semi-arid region.
Collapse
|
31
|
Ashokkumar S, Ravi S, Kathiravan V, Velmurugan S. Synthesis, characterization and catalytic activity of silver nanoparticles using Tribulus terrestris leaf extract. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2013; 121:88-93. [PMID: 24231743 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2013.10.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2013] [Revised: 10/09/2013] [Accepted: 10/17/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Biomediated silver nanoparticles were synthesized with the aid of an eco-friendly biomaterial, namely, aqueous Tribulus terrestris extract. Silver nanoparticles were synthesized using a rapid, single step, and completely green biosynthetic method employing aqueous T. terrestris leaf extracts as both the reducing and capping agent. Silver ions were rapidly reduced by aqueous T. terrestris leaf extracts, leading to the formation of highly crystalline silver nanoparticles. An attempt has been made and formation of the silver nanoparticles was verified by surface plasmon spectra using an UV-vis (Ultra violet), spectrophotometer. Morphology and crystalline structure of the prepared silver nanoparticles were characterized by TEM (Transmission Electron Microscope) and XRD (X-ray Diffraction), techniques, respectively. FT-IR (Fourier Transform Infrared), analysis suggests that the obtained silver nanoparticles might be stabilized through the interactions of carboxylic groups, carbonyl groups and the flavonoids present in the T. terrestris extract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Ashokkumar
- Department of Physics, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Ravi
- Department of Engg. Physics, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - V Kathiravan
- Department of Physics, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Velmurugan
- Department of Engg. Physics, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Sharma P, Huq AU, Singh R. Cypermethrin induced reproductive toxicity in male Wistar rats: protective role of Tribulus terrestris. J Environ Biol 2013; 34:857-862. [PMID: 24558798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The present study was designed to investigate role of ethanolic extract of Tribulus terrestris (EETT) against alpha-cypermethrin induced reproductive toxicity in male Wistar rats. 24 male Wistar rats weighing about 250-300g were divided in four groups. Group-I was control. alpha-cypermethrin (3.38 mg kg-1b.wt.) was given to group-IlI for 28 days. In Group-Ill, alpha-cypermethrin and EETT (100 mg kg -1b.wt.) were administered in combination for 28 days. Rats in group-IV were given EETT for 28 days. At the end of the experiment, rats were sacrificed, testes and epididymis were removed and sperm characteristics, sex hormones and various biochemical parameters were studied. Decrease in weight of testes and epididymis, testicular sperm head count, sperm motility, live sperm count, serum testosterone (T), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), leutinizing hormone (LH), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione S transferase (GST), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), total protein content and increase in sperm abnormalities and lipid peroxidation (LPO) level was observed in rats exposed to cypermethrin. In combination group-Ill, EETT treatment ameliorated alpha-cypermethrin induced damage. EETT treatment in group-IV increased testes and epididymis weight, sperm head counts, sperm motility, live sperm counts, testosterone, FSH, LH, GSH, CAT, SOD, GST, GR, GPx and total protein content. The study suggested that Tribulus terrestris plant possess reproductive system enhancement and antioxidant activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Sharma
- Department of Zoology, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi-284 128, India
| | - Amir Ul Huq
- Department of Zoology, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi-284 128, India
| | - Rambir Singh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi-284 128, India
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Hammoda HM, Ghazy NM, Harraz FM, Radwan MM, ElSohly MA, Abdallah II. Chemical constituents from Tribulus terrestris and screening of their antioxidant activity. Phytochemistry 2013; 92:153-159. [PMID: 23642392 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2013.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2012] [Revised: 03/28/2013] [Accepted: 04/08/2013] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Two oligosaccharides (1,2) and a stereoisomer of di-p-coumaroylquinic acid (3) were isolated from the aerial parts of Tribulus terrestris along with five known compounds (4-8). The structures of the compounds were established as O-β-D-fructofuranosyl-(2→6)-α-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-fructofuranosyl-(2→6)-β-D-fructofuranosyl-(2→1)-α-D-glucopyranosyl-(6→2)-β-D-fructofuranoside (1), O-α-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-α-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-α-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-fructofuranoside (2), 4,5-di-p-cis-coumaroylquinic acid (3) by different spectroscopic methods including 1D NMR ((1)H, (13)C and DEPT) and 2D NMR (COSY, TOCSY, HMQC and HMBC) experiments as well as ESI-MS analysis. This is the first report for the complete NMR spectral data of the known 4,5-di-p-trans-coumaroylquinic acid (4). The antioxidant activity represented as DPPH free radical scavenging activity was investigated revealing that the di-p-coumaroylquinic acid derivatives possess potent antioxidant activity so considered the major constituents contributing to the antioxidant effect of the plant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hala M Hammoda
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Egypt.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Hamed AI, Janda B, Mahalel UA, Stochmal A, Oleszek W. Profiles of steroidal saponins from the aerial parts of Tribulus pentandrus, T. megistopterus subsp. pterocarpus and T. parvispinus by LC-ESI-MS/MS. Phytochem Anal 2012; 23:613-621. [PMID: 22517607 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2011] [Revised: 01/17/2012] [Accepted: 02/26/2012] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tribulus is a well-known pharmaceutical herb that has been used for a long time in the traditional Chinese and Indian systems of medicine for the treatment of various diseases. It has been found that the genus Tribulus is rich in biologically active furostane-, cholestane- and spirostane-type steroidal saponins. OBJECTIVE To develop a rapid, sensitive and accurate method based on liquid-phase extraction followed by high-performance liquid chromatography and electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS) to identify different saponins in three species of the genus Tribulus, and to quantify the compounds that are already known. METHODOLOGY After extraction from the species studied, the extracts were subjected to HPLC analyses with an XTerra® MS C(18) -column and a binary mobile phase consisting of 0.05% formic acid in water and acetonitrile, and with an ESI-MS detection in the negative ion mode. Data were acquired and processed using the Xcalibur 1.3 software. RESULTS The results exhibited that the profiles of native steroidal glycosides of both T. pentandrus and T. megistopterus subsp. pterocarpus were very similar to each other, but that of T. parvispinus was remarkably different. The fragmentation patterns provided evidence that the saponins possess spirostane-, cholestane- and furostane-type aglycones. Quantitative analyses suggested that these species are a rich source of steroidal saponins. CONCLUSION HPLC-ESI-MS/MS allowed identification of the key compounds without preparative isolation of the components from the crude extract of Tribulus species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arafa I Hamed
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Aswan, 81528, Egypt.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Sisto M, Lisi S, D'Amore M, De Lucro R, Carati D, Castellana D, La Pesa V, Zuccarello V, Lofrumento DD. Saponins from Tribulus terrestris L. protect human keratinocytes from UVB-induced damage. J Photochem Photobiol B 2012; 117:193-201. [PMID: 23142932 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2012.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2012] [Revised: 09/21/2012] [Accepted: 10/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Chronic exposure to solar UVB radiation damages skin, increasing the risk to develop cancer. Hence the identification of compounds with a photoprotective efficacy is essential. This study examined the role of saponins derived from Tribulus terrestris L. (TT) on the modulation of apoptosis in normal human keratinocytes (NHEK) exposed to physiological doses of UVB and to evaluate their antitumoral properties. In NHEK, TT saponins attenuate UVB-induced programmed cell death through inhibition of intrinsic apoptotic pathway. In squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) TT saponins do not make the malignant keratinocytes more resistant to UVB and determine an enhanced apoptotic response. The photoprotective effect of TT saponins is tightly correlated to the enhancement of NER genes expression and the block of UVB-mediated NF-κB activation. Collectively, our study shows experimental evidence that TT has a preventive efficacy against UVB-induced carcinogenesis and the molecular knowledge on the mechanisms through which TT saponins regulate cell death suggests great potential for TT to be developed into a new medicine for cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margherita Sisto
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, University of Bari, Bari, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Mathur M, Sundaramoorthy S. Ethnopharmacological studies of Tribulus terrestris (Linn). in relation to its aphrodisiac properties. Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med 2012; 10:83-94. [PMID: 24082329 PMCID: PMC3746361 DOI: 10.4314/ajtcam.v10i1.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Synergism and antagonism impact of different plant metabolites present in crude fruit extract of Tribulus terrestris 'the herbal Viagra' have been studied. Variability in plant composition, biomass and metabolites concentration in different modules was significantly contributed by spatial factor. However the edhaphic parameters also changes with both spatial and temporal factors significantly. Fruit is the officinal part and the fruit production significantly related with soil nitrogen (P<0.01), whereas the soil nitrogen and pH also influenced the alkaloid content in fruit (P<0.05). The linear relation between fruit protein and fruit alkaloid (P<0.01) also observed and the relationship in between different soil parameters were established. Bioassay work confirmed its aphrodisiac properties, and site III is suggested for maximum biomass and high concentration of different metabolites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manish Mathur
- Plant Ecology Section, Division of Natural Resources and Environment Central Arid Zone Research Institute (CAZRI), Jodhpur, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Kavitha P, Ramesh R, Bupesh G, Stalin A, Subramanian P. Hepatoprotective activity of Tribulus terrestris extract against acetaminophen-induced toxicity in a freshwater fish (Oreochromis mossambicus). In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2012; 47:698-706. [PMID: 21975853 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-011-9457-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2011] [Accepted: 09/15/2011] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The potential protective role of Tribulus terrestris in acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in Oreochromis mossambicus was investigated. The effect of oral exposure of acetaminophen (500 mg/kg) in O. mossambicus at 24-h duration was evaluated. The plant extract (250 mg/kg) showed a remarkable hepatoprotective activity against acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity. It was judged from the tissue-damaging level and antioxidant levels in liver, gill, muscle and kidney tissues. Further acetaminophen impact induced a significant rise in the tissue-damaging level, and the antioxidant level was discernible from the enzyme activity modulations such as glutamate oxaloacetic transaminase, glutamate pyruvic transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glutathione S-transferase, lipid peroxidase and reduced glutathione. The levels of all these enzymes have significantly (p < 0.05) increased in acetaminophen-treated fish tissues. The elevated levels of these enzymes were significantly controlled by the treatment of T. terrestris extract (250 kg/mg). Histopathological changes of liver, gill and muscle samples were compared with respective controls. The results of the present study specify the hepatoprotective and antioxidant properties of T. terrestris against acetaminophen-induced toxicity in freshwater fish, O. mossambicus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Kavitha
- Department of Animal Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Abstract
Two new steroidal glycosides were isolated from Tribulus terrestris L. Their structures were elucidated as 26-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-5α-furostan-12-one-20(22)-ene-3β,23,26-triol-3-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-[β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1 → 3)]-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)]-β-D-galactopyranoside (1) and 26-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-5α-furostan-20(22)-ene-3β,23,26-triol-3-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-[β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1 → 3)]-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)]-β-D-galactopyranoside (2) by spectroscopic methods including 1D and 2D NMR experiments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gang Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Lakshmi GD, Kumar PR, Bharavi K, Annapurna P, Rajendar B, Patel PT, Kumar CSVS, Rao GS. Protective effect of Tribulus terrestris linn on liver and kidney in cadmium intoxicated rats. Indian J Exp Biol 2012; 50:141-146. [PMID: 22670477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Administration of cadmium (Cd) significantly increased the peroxidation markers such as malondialdehyde and protein carbonyls along with significant decrease in antioxidant markers such as super oxide dismutase and reduced glutathione in liver and kidney tissues. Cadmium also caused a significant alteration in hepatic and renal functional markers in serum viz. total protein, albumin, alanine transaminase, blood urea nitrogen and creatinine. Prominent pathological changes observed in liver were severe vascular and sinusoidal congestion with diffuse degenerative changes and mononuclear infiltration into peripheral areas, while the kidney showed vascular and glomerular congestion, cloudy swelling of tubular epithelium. Coadministration of ethonolic extract of T. terrestris or vitamin E along with Cd significantly reversed the Cd induced changes along with significant reduction in Cd load.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Dhana Lakshmi
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, NTR College of Veterinary Science, Gannavaram 521 102, India
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Zhang S, Li H, Yang SJ. Tribulosin suppresses apoptosis via PKC epsilon and ERK1/2 signaling pathway during hypoxia/reoxygenation in neonatal rat ventricular cardiac myocytes. J Asian Nat Prod Res 2011; 13:1135-1145. [PMID: 22115037 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2011.627327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Tribulosin (tigogenin 3-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl(1-2)-[β-D-xylopyranosyl (1-3)]-β-D-glucopyranosyl (1-4)-[a-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1-2)]-β-D-galactopyranoside), a component of gross saponins of Tribulus terrestris, has been shown to produce cytoprotective effects in heart. Yet, the precise mechanisms are not fully understood. We examined the mechanisms of tribulosin on myocardial protection. Ventricular myocytes were isolated from the heart of neonatal rats and were exposed to 3 h of hypoxia followed by 2 h reoxygenation. Apoptosis was induced by hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R), and the expression of protein kinase C epsilon (PKCϵ) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) in cultured neonatal rat cardiac myocytes was detected. The results indicated that treatment with tribulosin in the culture medium protected cardiac myocytes against apoptosis induced by H/R. PKCϵ and ERK1/2 expression increased after pretreated with tribulosin. In the presence of PKCϵ inhibitor co-treated with tribulosin, the expression of ERK1/2 was decreased in H/R cardiac myocytes. While preconditioned with PD98059, ERK1/2 inhibitor, no effects on the expression of PKCϵ were detected. Tribulosin has protective effects on cardiac myocytes against apoptosis induced by H/R injury via PKCϵ and ERK1/2 signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Kozlova OI, Perederiaev OI, Ramenskaia GV. [Determination by high performance chromatography, steroid saponins in a biologically active food supplements containing the extract of Tribulus terrestris]. Vopr Pitan 2011; 80:67-71. [PMID: 22379868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Steroidal saponins are bioactive substances of Tribulus terrestris and can be used to assess the quality of raw materials and processed products from them. For this purpose has been developed the method of qualitative and quantitative determination of steroidal saponins by high performance liquid chromatography with spectrophotometric and mass-selective detection and optimal conditions of sample preparation (70% methanol extraction with sonication and heating); also has been studied steroidal saponins composition of Tribulus terrestris (protodioscin, tribulosaponin B, metilprotodiostsin, terrestrozin H, prototribestin, gracillin and others were found).
Collapse
|
42
|
Abstract
Two new furostanol saponins were isolated from the fruits of Tribulus terrestris L. Their structures were established as 26-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(25S)-5alpha-furost-20(22)-en-3beta,26-diol-3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 2)-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 4)]-beta-D-galactopyranoside (1) and 26-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(25S)-5alpha-furost-20(22)-en-12-one-3beta,26-diol-3-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1 --> 2)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 4)-beta-D-galactopyranoside (2) on the basis of spectroscopic data as well as chemical evidence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Juan Xu
- Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Abstract
Three new steroidal saponins were isolated from the fruits of Tribulus terrestris L. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic and chemical analysis as 16beta-(4'-methyl-5'-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-pentanoxy)-5alpha-pregn-3beta-ol-12,20-dione-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 2)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 4)-beta-D-galactopyranoside (1), 2alpha,3beta-dihydroxy-5alpha-pregn-16-en-20-one 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 4)-beta-D-galactopyranoside (2) and 26-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(25R)-5alpha-furostan-20(22)-en-2alpha,3beta,26-triol-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 4)-beta-D-galactopyranoside (3).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Martino-Andrade AJ, Morais RN, Spercoski KM, Rossi SC, Vechi MF, Golin M, Lombardi NF, Greca CS, Dalsenter PR. Effects of Tribulus terrestris on endocrine sensitive organs in male and female Wistar rats. J Ethnopharmacol 2010; 127:165-170. [PMID: 19781624 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2009.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2009] [Revised: 09/15/2009] [Accepted: 09/16/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY Investigate the possible effects of Tribulus terrestris (TT) on endocrine sensitive organs in intact and castrated male rats as well as in a post-menopausal rat model using ovariectomized females. MATERIALS AND METHODS Three different dose levels of TT (11, 42 and 110 mg/kg/day) were administered to castrated males for 7 days and to intact males and castrated females for 28 days. In addition to TT treatment, all experiments also included a group of rats treated with dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA). In experiments using castrated males and females we also used testosterone and 17 alpha-ethynylestradiol, respectively, as positive controls for androgenicity and estrogenicity. RESULTS Neither DHEA nor TT was able to stimulate androgen sensitive tissues like the prostate and seminal vesicle in both intact and castrated male rats. In addition, administration of TT to intact male rats for 28 days did not change serum testosterone levels as well as did not produce any quantitative change in the fecal excretion of androgenic metabolites. However, a slight increase in the number of homogenization-resistant spermatids was observed in rats treated with 11 mg/kg/day of TT extract. In ovariectomized females, TT did not produce any stimulatory effects in uterine and vaginal epithelia. CONCLUSIONS Tribulus terrestris was not able to stimulate endocrine sensitive tissues such as the prostate, seminal vesicle, uterus and vagina in Wistar rats, indicating lack of androgenic and estrogenic activity in vivo. We also showed a positive effect of TT administration on rat sperm production, associated with unchanged levels of circulating androgens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anderson J Martino-Andrade
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Centro Politécnico, 81531-980 Curitiba, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Zhang S, Li H, Xu H, Yang SJ. [Effect of gross saponins of Tribulus terrestris on cardiocytes impaired by adriamycin]. Yao Xue Xue Bao 2010; 45:31-36. [PMID: 21351446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
This study is to observe the protection of gross saponins of Tribulus terrestris (GSTT) on cardiocytes impaired by adriamycin (ADR) and approach its mechanism of action. Cardiocytes of neonate rat were cultivated for 72 hours and divided into normal control group, model (ADR 2 mg x L(-1)) group, and GSTT (100, 30, and 10 mg x L(-1)) groups. MTT colorimetric method was deployed to detect cardiocyte survival rate, activities of CK, LDH, AST, SOD, MDA and NO were detected, and apoptosis was detected with flow cytometry. Effect of GSTT on caspase-3 was detected with Western blotting. Compared with control group, contents of CK, LDH, AST, MDA and NO were increased, and activity of SOD was reduced (P < 0.05, P < 0.01, P < 0.001) by ADR. Numbers of survival cells were increased (P < 0.05, P < 0.001), contents of CK, LDH, AST, MDA and NO were decreased, and activity of SOD was increased (P < 0.05, P < 0.01, P < 0.001) by GSTT (100 and 30 mg x L(-1)). Apoptosis of cardiocytes and concentration of caspase-3 can be reduced by GSTT (100 and 30 mg x L(-1)). GSTT can protect cardiocytes impaired by ADR, which are possible involved with its effect of resisting oxygen free radical.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Abstract
Two new steroidal saponins were isolated from the fruits of Tribulus terrestris L. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic and chemical analysis as (23S,24R,25R)-5alpha-spirostane-3beta,23,24-triol-3-O-{alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 2)-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 4)]-beta-D-galactopyranoside} (1) and (23S,24R,25S)-5alpha-spirostane-3beta,23,24-triol-3-O-{alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 2)-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 4)]-beta-D-galactopyranoside} (2).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Yang L, Wang C, Han M, Yang L. [Feasibility study for whole plant medicinal use of Tribulus terrestris]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2009; 34:2163-2166. [PMID: 19943476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The content differences of leaf, plant and fruit of Tribulus terrestris was compared to study the feasibility of whole plant medicinal use. METHOD The samples were collected in three typical habitats and six different production areas of T. terrestris. The main medicinal ingredients saponins and flavonoids were determined in root, stem, leaf and fruit during the harvest time. RESULT The two ingredients were abounded in leaf and more than 2.61 times as in other parts of the plant. The results showed that there were no differences between the whole plant and the fruit. CONCLUSION It should pay more attentions on the collection, preservation and utilization of the leaf of T. terrestris in the harvesting and processing stage. The whole plant for medical use was feasibility based on the content of the ingredients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Yang
- Colleges of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Pandey JK, Singh DK. Molluscicidal activity of Piper cubeba Linn., Piper longum Linn. and Tribulus terrestris Linn. and their combinations against snail Indoplanorbis exustus Desh. Indian J Exp Biol 2009; 47:643-648. [PMID: 19775070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The toxic effect of dried berries powder of P. cubeba, dried fruit powder of P. longum and T. terrestris singly as well as in combination [binary (1:1) and tertiary (1:1:1)] were studied against snail L. exustus. Toxicity of these plant products were time and concentration dependent. Ethanol extracts of these plants were more effective than that of other organic solvents. 96 h LC50 value of column purified fraction of T. terrestris against I. exustus was 9.57 mg/l, where as 96 h LC50 values of column purified fractions of P. longum and P. cubeba were 11.57 mg/l and 10.93 mg/l, respectively. Binary (1:1) combination of P. cubeba (PC) + P. longum (PL) (41.78 mg/l) was more effective than P. cubeba (PC) + T. terrestris (TT) (42.17 mg/l) and P. longum (PL) + T. terrestris (TT) (55.84 mg/l) respectively; while tertiary (1:1:1) combinations of P. cubeba (PC) + T. terrestris (TT) + T. foenum-graecum (TF) (10.67 mg/l) was more effective than rest of the combinations. These plants can be used as potent source of molluscicides against the snail I. exustus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jitendra K Pandey
- Department of Zoology, DDU Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur 273009, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Ivanova A, Serly J, Dinchev D, Ocsovszki I, Kostova I, Molnar J. Screening of some saponins and phenolic components of Tribulus terrestris and Smilax excelsa as MDR modulators. In Vivo 2009; 23:545-550. [PMID: 19567388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cytotoxic activity of saponins and phenolic compounds have been described in the literature, but no reports were found on their multidrug resistance (MDR)-modulating effects on human mdr1 gene-transfected mouse lymphoma cell line. MATERIALS AND METHODS Methylprototribestin, structurally related compounds and a mixture of 3 acetylated isomers of methylprotodioscin were investigated for antiproliferative effect and modulation of drug accumulation. RESULTS The growth inhibitory dose (ID50) of the compounds ranged from 12.64 to 20.62 mug/ml. Methylprototribestin was the most effective resistance modifier. However, methylprotodioscin, pseudoprotodioscin, prosapogenin A of dioscin, tribestin and 5-O-caffeoylshikimic acid showed moderate MDR reversal activity. In a checkerboard method, methyloprototribestin and the mixture of the 3 acetylated isomers enhanced the antiproliferative effects on MDR cells in combination with doxorubicin. CONCLUSION Based on these results, methylprototribestin and the mixture of the 3 acetylated isomers can be recommended for further in vivo experiments in combination with anthracyclines in human MDR-cancer xenograft transplanted mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antoaneta Ivanova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry With Center of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Abstract
Two new furostanol saponins, tribufurosides D (1) and E (2), were isolated from the fruits of Tribulus terrestris L. With the help of chemical and spectral analyses (IR, MS, 1D, and 2D NMR), the structures of the two new furostanol saponins were established as 26-O-beta-d-glucopyranosyl-(25S)-5alpha-furost-12-one-2alpha,3beta,22alpha,26-tetraol-3-O-beta-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 4)-beta-d-galactopyranoside (1) and 26-O-beta-d-glucopyranosyl-(25R)-5alpha-furost-12-one-2alpha,3beta,22alpha,26-tetraol-3-O-beta-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 4)-beta-d-galactopyranoside (2).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Juan Xu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Material Medica of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|