1
|
Valdés S, Doulatram-Gamgaram V, Maldonado-Araque C, Lago-Sampedro A, García-Escobar E, García-Serrano S, García-Vivanco M, Garrido Juan L, Theobald MR, Gil V, Martín-Llorente F, Ocon P, Calle-Pascual A, Castaño L, Delgado E, Menendez E, Franch-Nadal J, Gaztambide S, Girbés J, Chaves FJ, Galán-García JL, Aguilera-Venegas G, Gutierrez-Repiso C, Fernández-García JC, Colomo N, Soriguer F, García-Fuentes E, Rojo-Martínez G. Ambient air pollution and thyroid function in Spanish adults. A nationwide population-based study (Di@bet.es study). Environ Health 2022; 21:76. [PMID: 35978396 PMCID: PMC9387071 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-022-00889-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent reports have suggested that air pollution may impact thyroid function, although the evidence is still scarce and inconclusive. In this study we evaluated the association of exposure to air pollutants to thyroid function parameters in a nationwide sample representative of the adult population of Spain. METHODS The Di@bet.es study is a national, cross-sectional, population-based survey which was conducted in 2008-2010 using a random cluster sampling of the Spanish population. The present analyses included 3859 individuals, without a previous thyroid disease diagnosis, and with negative thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPO Abs) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels of 0.1-20 mIU/L. Participants were assigned air pollution concentrations for particulate matter <2.5μm (PM2.5) and Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), corresponding to the health examination year, obtained by means of modeling combined with measurements taken at air quality stations (CHIMERE chemistry-transport model). TSH, free thyroxine (FT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3) and TPO Abs concentrations were analyzed using an electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (Modular Analytics E170 Roche). RESULTS In multivariate linear regression models, there was a highly significant negative correlation between PM2.5 concentrations and both FT4 (p<0.001), and FT3 levels (p<0.001). In multivariate logistic regression, there was a significant association between PM2.5 concentrations and the odds of presenting high TSH [OR 1.24 (1.01-1.52) p=0.043], lower FT4 [OR 1.25 (1.02-1.54) p=0.032] and low FT3 levels [1.48 (1.19-1.84) p=<0.001] per each IQR increase in PM2.5 (4.86 μg/m3). There was no association between NO2 concentrations and thyroid hormone levels. No significant heterogeneity was seen in the results between groups of men, pre-menopausal and post-menopausal women. CONCLUSIONS Exposures to PM2.5 in the general population were associated with mild alterations in thyroid function.
Collapse
|
2
|
Gutiérrez-Repiso C, Linares-Pineda TM, Gonzalez-Jimenez A, Aguilar-Lineros F, Valdés S, Soriguer F, Rojo-Martínez G, Tinahones FJ, Morcillo S. Epigenetic Biomarkers of Transition from Metabolically Healthy Obesity to Metabolically Unhealthy Obesity Phenotype: A Prospective Study. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910417. [PMID: 34638758 PMCID: PMC8508854 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Identifying those parameters that could potentially predict the deterioration of metabolically healthy phenotype is a matter of debate. In this field, epigenetics, in particular DNA methylation deserves special attention. Results: The aim of the present study was to analyze the long-term evolution of methylation patterns in a subset of metabolically healthy subjects in order to search for epigenetic markers that could predict the progression to an unhealthy state. Twenty-six CpG sites were significantly differentially methylated, both at baseline and 11-year follow-up. These sites were related to 19 genes or pseudogenes; a more in-depth analysis of the methylation sites of these genes showed that CYP2E1 had 50% of the collected CpG sites differently methylated between stable metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) and unstable MHO, followed by HLA-DRB1 (33%), ZBTB45 (16%), HOOK3 (14%), PLCZ1 (14%), SLC1A1 (12%), MUC2 (12%), ZFPM2 (12.5%) and HLA-DQB2 (8%). Pathway analysis of the selected 26 CpG sites showed enrichment in pathways linked to th1 and th2 activation, antigen presentation, allograft rejection signals and metabolic processes. Higher methylation levels in the cg20707527 (ZFPM2) could have a protective effect against the progression to unstable MHO (OR: 0.21, 95%CI (0.067–0.667), p < 0.0001), whilst higher methylation levels in cg11445109 (CYP2E1) would increase the progression to MUO; OR: 2.72, 95%CI (1.094–6.796), p < 0.0014; respectively). Conclusions: DNA methylation status is associated with the stability/worsening of MHO phenotype. Two potential biomarkers of the transition to an unhealthy state were identified and deserve further investigation (cg20707527 and cg11445109). Moreover, the described differences in methylation could alter immune system-related pathways, highlighting these pathways as therapeutic targets to prevent metabolic deterioration in MHO patients.
Collapse
|
3
|
García-Escobar E, Valdés S, Soriguer F, Vendrell J, Urrutia-Etxebarria IM, Maldonado-Araque C, Ortega E, Ocón P, Montanya E, Menéndez E, Lago-Sampedro A, González-Frutos T, Gomis R, Goday A, García-Serrano S, Galán-García JL, Castell C, Bordiú E, Badía R, Aguilera-Venegas G, Girbés J, Gaztambide S, Delgado E, Chaves FJ, Castaño L, Calle-Pascual A, Rojo-Martínez G, Franch-Nadal J. Fatty liver index as a predictor for type 2 diabetes in subjects with normoglycemia in a nationwide cohort study. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16453. [PMID: 34385479 PMCID: PMC8361016 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95546-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Our aim was to evaluate whether fatty liver index (FLI) is associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) development within the Spanish adult population and according to their prediabetes status; additionally, to examine its incremental predictive value regarding traditional risk factors. A total of 2260 subjects (Prediabetes: 641 subjects, normoglycemia: 1619 subjects) from the Di@bet.es cohort study were studied. Socio-demographic, anthropometric, clinical data and survey on habits were recorded. An oral glucose tolerance test was performed and fasting determinations of glucose, lipids and insulin were made. FLI was calculated and classified into three categories: Low (< 30), intermediate (30–60) and high (> 60). In total, 143 people developed diabetes at follow-up. The presence of a high FLI category was in all cases a significant independent risk factor for the development of diabetes. The inclusion of FLI categories in prediction models based on different conventional T2DM risk factors significantly increase the prediction power of the models when all the population was considered. According to our results, FLI might be considered an early indicator of T2DM development even under normoglycemic condition. The data also suggest that FLI could provide additional information for the prediction of T2DM in models based on conventional risk factors.
Collapse
|
4
|
Maldonado-Araque C, Valdés S, Badía-Guillén R, Lago-Sampedro A, Colomo N, Garcia-Fuentes E, Gutierrez-Repiso C, Goday A, Calle-Pascual A, Castaño L, Castell C, Delgado E, Menendez E, Franch-Nadal J, Gaztambide S, Girbés J, Chaves FJ, Soriguer F, Rojo-Martínez G. Iodine Deficiency and Mortality in Spanish Adults: Di@bet.es Study. Thyroid 2021; 31:106-114. [PMID: 32781944 PMCID: PMC7840306 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2020.0131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background: Longitudinal data assessing the impact of iodine deficiency (ID) on mortality are scarce. We aimed to study the association between the state of iodine nutrition and the risk of total and cause-specific mortality in a representative sample of the Spanish adult population. Methods: We performed a longitudinal observational study to estimate mortality risk according to urinary iodine (UI) concentrations using a sample of 4370 subjects >18 years representative of the Spanish adult population participating in the nationwide study Di@bet.es (2008-2010). We used Cox regression to assess the association between UI at the start of the study (<50, 50-99, 100-199, 200-299, and ≥300 μg/L) and mortality during follow-up (National death registry-end of follow-up December 2016) in raw models, and adjusted for possible confounding variables: age, sex, educational level, hypertension, diabetes, obesity, chronic kidney disease, smoking, hypercholesterolemia, thyroid dysfunction, diagnosis of cardiovascular disease or cancer, area of residence, physical activity, adherence to Mediterranean diet, dairy and iodinated salt intake. Results: A total of 254 deaths were recorded during an average follow-up period of 7.3 years. The causes of death were cardiovascular 71 (28%); cancer 85 (33.5%); and other causes 98 (38.5%). Compared with the reference category with adequate iodine nutrition (UI 100-300 μg/L), the hazard ratios (HRs) of all-cause mortality in the category with UI ≥300 μg/L were 1.04 (95% confidence interval [CI 0.54-1.98]); however, in the categories with 50-99 UI and <50 μg/L, the HRs were 1.29 [CI 0.97-1.70] and 1.71 [1.18-2.48], respectively (p for trend 0.004). Multivariate adjustment did not significantly modify the results. Conclusions: Our data indicate an excess mortality in individuals with moderate-severe ID adjusted for other possible confounding factors.
Collapse
|
5
|
Cuesta M, Fuentes M, Rubio M, Bordiu E, Barabash A, Garcia de la Torre N, Rojo-Martinez G, Valdes S, Soriguer F, Vendrell JJ, Urrutia IM, Ortega E, Montanya E, Menendez E, Lago-Sampedro A, Gomis R, Goday A, Castell C, Badia-Guillen R, Girbés J, Gaztambide S, Franch-Nadal J, Delgado Álvarez E, Chaves FJ, Castano L, Calle-Pascual AL. Incidence and regression of metabolic syndrome in a representative sample of the Spanish population: results of the cohort di@bet.es study. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2020; 8:8/1/e001715. [PMID: 33051280 PMCID: PMC7554469 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2020-001715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is an important predictor of cardiovascular mortality. Identification of occurrence and regression trends of MetS could permit elaboration of preventive strategies with new targets. The objective of this study was to analyze the occurrence and regression rates of MetS and its associated factors in the representative cohort of Spain of the di@bet.es study. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The di@bet.es study is a prospective cohort where 5072 people representative of the Spanish population over 18 years of age were randomly selected between 2009 and 2010. Follow-up was a median of 7.5 (IQR 7.2-7.9) years, with 2408 (47%) participating subjects. A total of 1881 (78%) subjects had all the pertinent data available and were included in this study. RESULTS Of the 1146 subjects without baseline criteria for MetS, 294 (25.7%) developed MetS during follow-up, while of the 735 patients with prior MetS, 148 (20.1%) presented regression. Adjusted MetS incidence per 1000 person-years was 38 (95% CI 32 to 44), while regression incidence was 36 (95% CI 31 to 41). Regression rate was independently higher than incidence rate in the following: women, subjects aged 18-45, university-degree holders, patients without central obesity, without hypertension, as well as those with body mass index of <25 kg/m2. Lower progression and higher regression rates were observed with an adapted 14-point Mediterranean Diet adherence screener questionnaire score of >11 in both groups and with >500 and>2000 MET-min/week of physical activity, respectively. CONCLUSIONS This study provides MetS incidence and regression rates, and identifies the target population for intervention strategies in Spain and possibly in other countries.
Collapse
|
6
|
Rojo-Martínez G, Valdés S, Soriguer F, Vendrell J, Urrutia I, Pérez V, Ortega E, Ocón P, Montanya E, Menéndez E, Lago-Sampedro A, González-Frutos T, Gomis R, Goday A, García-Serrano S, García-Escobar E, Galán-García JL, Castell C, Badía-Guillén R, Aguilera-Venegas G, Girbés J, Gaztambide S, Franch-Nadal J, Delgado E, Chaves FJ, Castaño L, Calle-Pascual A. Incidence of diabetes mellitus in Spain as results of the nation-wide cohort di@bet.es study. Sci Rep 2020; 10:2765. [PMID: 32066839 PMCID: PMC7026031 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59643-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Our aim was to determine the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in a nation-wide population based cohort from Spain (di@bet.es study). The target was the Spanish population. In total 5072 people older than 18 years,were randomly selected from all over Spain). Socio-demographic and clinical data, survey on habits (physical activity and food consumption) and weight, height, waist, hip and blood pressure were recorder. A fasting blood draw and an oral glucose tolerance test were performed. Determinations of serum glucose were made. In the follow-up the same variables were collected and HbA1c was determined. A total of 2408 subjects participated in the follow-up. In total, 154 people developed diabetes (6.4% cumulative incidence in 7.5 years of follow-up). The incidence of diabetes adjusted for the structure of age and sex of the Spanish population was 11.6 cases/1000 person-years (IC95% = 11.1–12.1). The incidence of known diabetes was 3.7 cases/1000 person-years (IC95% = 2.8–4.6). The main risk factors for developing diabetes were the presence of prediabetes in cross-sectional study, age, male sex, obesity, central obesity, increase in weight, and family history of diabetes. This work provides data about population-based incidence rates of diabetes and associated risk factors in a nation-wide cohort of Spanish population.
Collapse
|
7
|
Valdés S, Doulatram-Gamgaram V, Lago A, García Torres F, Badía-Guillén R, Olveira G, Goday A, Calle-Pascual A, Castaño L, Castell C, Delgado E, Menendez E, Franch-Nadal J, Gaztambide S, Girbés J, Gomis R, Ortega E, Galán-García JL, Aguilera-Venegas G, Soriguer F, Rojo-Martínez G. Ambient temperature and prevalence of diabetes and insulin resistance in the Spanish population: Di@bet.es study. Eur J Endocrinol 2019; 180:273-280. [PMID: 30840583 DOI: 10.1530/eje-18-0818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Objective The activity of brown adipose tissue is sensitive to changes in ambient temperature. A lower exposure to cold could result in an increased risk of developing diabetes at population level, although this factor has not yet been sufficiently studied. Design We studied 5072 subjects, participants in a national, cross-sectional population-based study representative of the Spanish adult population (Di@bet.es study). All subjects underwent a clinical, demographic and lifestyle survey, a physical examination and blood sampling (75 g oral glucose tolerance test). Insulin resistance was estimated with the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR). The mean annual temperature (°C) in each individual municipality was collected from the Spanish National Meteorology Agency. Results Linear regression analysis showed a significant positive association between mean annual temperature and fasting plasma glucose (β: 0.087, P < 0.001), 2 h plasma glucose (β: 0.049, P = 0.008) and HOMA-IR (β: 0.046, P = 0.008) in multivariate adjusted models. Logistic regression analyses controlled by multiple socio-demographic variables, lifestyle, adiposity (BMI) and geographical elevation showed increasing odds ratios for prediabetes (WHO 1999), ORs 1, 1.26 (0.95-1.66), 1.08 (0.81-1.44) and 1.37 (1.01-1.85) P for trend = 0.086, diabetes (WHO 1999) ORs 1, 1.05 (0.79-1.39), 1.20 (0.91-1.59) and 1.39 (1.02-1.90) P = 0.037, and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR ≥75th percentile of the non-diabetic population): ORs 1, 1.03 (0.82-1.30), 1.22 (0.96-1.55), 1.26 (0.98-1.63) (P for trend = 0.046) as the mean annual temperature (into quartiles) rose. Conclusions Our study reports an association between ambient temperature and the prevalence of dysglycemia and insulin resistance in Spanish adults, consistent with the hypothesis that a lower exposure to cold could be associated with a higher risk of metabolic derangements.
Collapse
|
8
|
Lago-Sampedro A, García-Escobar E, Rubio-Martín E, Pascual-Aguirre N, Valdés S, Soriguer F, Goday A, Calle-Pascual A, Castell C, Menéndez E, Delgado E, Bordiú E, Castaño L, Franch-Nadal J, Girbés J, Chaves FJ, Gaztambide S, Rojo-Martínez G, Olveira G. Dairy Product Consumption and Metabolic Diseases in the Di@bet.es Study. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11020262. [PMID: 30682848 PMCID: PMC6412325 DOI: 10.3390/nu11020262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
To date it is not clear what the role of dairy products is in metabolic diseases like diabetes, obesity, and hypertension. Therefore, the aim of this study is to test the association between dairy product consumption and those pathologies. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 5081 adults included in the di@bet.es study, from 100 health centers around Spain. Food frequency questionnaires were carried out concerning consumption habits, which included dairy product consumption. Logistic regression models were used for the association analyses between the variables controlling confounding variables. Women had a higher consumption of milk, cheese, or yogurt than men (p < 0.0001), but men consumed more sugar dairy products (p < 0.001). People who live in the North of Spain consume more dairy products than those who live in the East. Dairy product consumption was inversely associated with the presence of hypertension regardless of age, sex, geographical region, and body mass index (BMI) (Odds Ratio (OR) 0.743; p = 0.022). The presence of obesity was inversely associated with dairy consumption regardless of age, sex, and geographical region (OR 0.61; p < 0.001). Milk consumption was not associated with diabetes. Our results show that consuming dairy products is associated with a better metabolic profile in the Spanish population.
Collapse
|
9
|
Millon-Ramirez C, García-Fuentes E, Soriguer F. Iodine Deficiency and Hearing Impairment. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2019; 145:94-95. [DOI: 10.1001/jamaoto.2018.2755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
|
10
|
Maldonado-Araque C, Valdés S, Lago-Sampedro A, Lillo-Muñoz JA, Garcia-Fuentes E, Perez-Valero V, Gutierrez-Repiso C, Goday A, Urrutia I, Peláez L, Calle-Pascual A, Castaño L, Castell C, Delgado E, Menendez E, Franch-Nadal J, Gaztambide S, Girbés J, Ortega E, Vendrell J, Chacón MR, Chaves FJ, Soriguer F, Rojo-Martínez G. Iron deficiency is associated with Hypothyroxinemia and Hypotriiodothyroninemia in the Spanish general adult population: Di@bet.es study. Sci Rep 2018; 8:6571. [PMID: 29700318 PMCID: PMC5919900 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24352-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have suggested that iron deficiency (ID) may impair thyroid hormone metabolism, however replication in wide samples of the general adult population has not been performed. We studied 3846 individuals free of thyroid disease, participants in a national, cross sectional, population based study representative of the Spanish adult population. Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxin (FT4) and free triiodothyronine (FT3) were analyzed by electrochemiluminescence (E170, Roche Diagnostics). Serum ferritin was analyzed by immunochemiluminescence (Architect I2000, Abbott Laboratories). As ferritin levels decreased (>100, 30–100, 15–30, <15 µg/L) the adjusted mean concentrations of FT4 (p < 0.001) and FT3 (p < 0.001) descended, whereas TSH levels remained unchanged (p = 0.451). In multivariate logistic regression models adjusted for age, sex, UI, BMI and smoking status, subjects with ferritin levels <30 µg/L were more likely to present hypothyroxinemia (FT4 < 12.0 pmol/L p5): OR 1.5 [1.1–2.2] p = 0.024, and hypotriiodothyroninemia (FT3 < 3.9 pmol/L p5): OR 1.8 [1.3–2.6] p = 0.001 than the reference category with ferritin ≥30 µg/L. There was no significant heterogeneity of the results between men, pre-menopausal and post-menopausal women or according to the iodine nutrition status. Our results confirm an association between ID and hypothyroxinemia and hypotriiodothyroninemia in the general adult population without changes in TSH.
Collapse
|
11
|
Rubio-Martín E, García-Escobar E, Ruiz de Adana MS, Lima-Rubio F, Peláez L, Caracuel AM, Bermúdez-Silva FJ, Soriguer F, Rojo-Martínez G, Olveira G. Comparison of the Effects of Goat Dairy and Cow Dairy Based Breakfasts on Satiety, Appetite Hormones, and Metabolic Profile. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9080877. [PMID: 28809789 PMCID: PMC5579670 DOI: 10.3390/nu9080877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The satiating effects of cow dairy have been thoroughly investigated; however, the effects of goat dairy on appetite have not been reported so far. Our study investigates the satiating effect of two breakfasts based on goat or cow dairy and their association with appetite related hormones and metabolic profile. Healthy adults consumed two breakfasts based on goat (G-Breakfast) or cow (C-Breakfast) dairy products. Blood samples were taken and VAS tests were performed at different time points. Blood metabolites were measured and Combined Satiety Index (CSI) and areas under the curves (AUC) were calculated. Desire to eat rating was significantly lower (breakfast & time interaction p < 0.01) and hunger rating tended to be lower (breakfast & time interaction p = 0.06) after the G-breakfast. None of the blood parameters studied were different between breakfasts; however, AUCGLP-1 was inversely associated with the AUChunger and AUCdesire-to-eat after the G-Breakfast, whereas triglyceride levels were directly associated with AUCCSI after the C-Breakfast. Our results suggest a slightly higher satiating effect of goat dairy when compared to cow dairy products, and pointed to a potential association of GLP-1 and triglyceride levels with the mechanisms by which dairy products might affect satiety after the G-Breakfast and C-Breakfast, respectively.
Collapse
|
12
|
García-Escobar E, Monastero R, García-Serrano S, Gómez-Zumaquero JM, Lago-Sampedro A, Rubio-Martín E, Colomo N, Rodríguez-Pacheco F, Soriguer F, Rojo-Martínez G. Dietary fatty acids modulate adipocyte TNFa production via regulation of its DNA promoter methylation levels. J Nutr Biochem 2017; 47:106-112. [PMID: 28575756 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2017.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Revised: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The factors regulating TNF alpha (TNFa) levels could be considered therapeutic targets against metabolic syndrome development. DNA methylation is a potent regulator of gene expression and may be associated with protein levels. In this study we investigate whether the effect of dietary fatty acids on TNFa released from adipocytes might be associated with modifications of the TNFa promoter DNA methylation status. A group of rats was assigned to three diets with a different composition of saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Samples of visceral adipose tissues were taken for adipocyte isolation, in which released TNFa levels were measured, and for methylation and expression studies. In addition, 3 T3-L1 cells were treated with palmitic, oleic and linoleic acids, with and without 5-Azacitydine (5-AZA). After treatments, cells and supernatants were included in the same analyses as rat samples. TNFa promoter methylation levels, gene expression and secretion were different according to the diets and fatty acid treatments associated with them. Cells treated with 5-AZA displayed higher TNFa levels than in the absence of 5-AZA, without differences between fatty acids. According to our results, dietary fatty acid regulation of adipocyte TNFa levels may be mediated by epigenetic modifications of the TNFa promoter DNA methylation levels.
Collapse
|
13
|
Valdés S, Maldonado-Araque C, Lago-Sampedro A, Lillo-Muñoz JA, Garcia-Fuentes E, Perez-Valero V, Gutiérrez-Repiso C, Garcia-Escobar E, Goday A, Urrutia I, Peláez L, Calle-Pascual A, Bordiú E, Castaño L, Castell C, Delgado E, Menéndez E, Franch-Nadal J, Gaztambide S, Girbés J, Ortega E, Vendrell J, Chacón MR, Javier Chaves F, Soriguer F, Rojo-Martínez G. Reference values for TSH may be inadequate to define hypothyroidism in persons with morbid obesity: Di@bet.es study. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2017; 25:788-793. [PMID: 28276648 DOI: 10.1002/oby.21796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the reference range of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) in different BMI categories and its impact on the classification of hypothyroidism. METHODS The study included 3,928 individuals free of thyroid disease (without previous thyroid disease, no interfering medications, TSH <10 µUI/mL and thyroid peroxidase antibodies [TPO Abs] <50 IU/mL) who participated in a national, cross-sectional, population-based study and were representative of the adult population of Spain. Data gathered included clinical and demographic characteristics, physical examination, and blood and urine sampling. TSH, free thyroxine, free triiodothyronine, and TPO Ab were analyzed by electrochemiluminescence (E170, Roche Diagnostics, Basel, Switzerland). RESULTS The reference range (p2.5-97.5) for TSH was estimated as 0.6 to 4.8 µUI/mL in the underweight category (BMI<20 kg/m2 ), 0.6 to 5.5 µUI/mL in the normal-weight category (BMI 20-24.9 kg/m2 ), 0.6 to 5.5 µUI/mL in the overweight category (BMI 25-29.9 kg/m2 ), 0.5 to 5.9 µUI/mL in the obesity category (BMI 30-39.9 kg/m2 ), and 0.7 to 7.5 µUI/mL in the morbid obesity category (BMI ≥40). By using the reference criteria for the normal-weight population, the prevalence of high TSH levels increased threefold in the morbid obesity category (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Persons with morbid obesity might be inappropriately classified if the standard ranges of normality of TSH for the normal-weight population are applied to them.
Collapse
|
14
|
Valdés S, Maldonado-Araque C, Lago-Sampedro A, Lillo JA, Garcia-Fuentes E, Perez-Valero V, Gutierrez-Repiso C, Ocon-Sanchez P, Goday A, Urrutia I, Peláez L, Calle-Pascual A, Bordiú E, Castaño L, Castell C, Delgado E, Menendez E, Franch J, Gaztambide S, Girbés J, Ortega E, Lopez-Alba A, Chaves FJ, Vendrell J, Chacón MR, Soriguer F, Rojo-Martínez G. Population-Based National Prevalence of Thyroid Dysfunction in Spain and Associated Factors: Di@bet.es Study. Thyroid 2017; 27:156-166. [PMID: 27835928 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2016.0353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate the national prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in Spain and its association with various clinical, environmental, and demographic variables. METHODS The study included 4554 subjects (42.4% men) with a mean age of 50 years (range 18-93 years), who were participants in a national, cross-sectional, population-based survey conducted in 2009-2010. Data gathered included clinical and demographic characteristics, physical examination, and blood sampling. Thyrotropin, free thyroxine, free triiodothyronine, and thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) concentrations were analyzed by electrochemiluminescence. Urinary iodine (UI) levels were measured in an isolated urine sample. RESULTS The prevalence of treated hypothyroidism, untreated subclinical hypothyroidism, and untreated clinical hypothyroidism was 4.2% [confidence interval (CI) 3.6-4.9%], 4.6% [CI 4.0-5.2%], and 0.3% [CI 0.1-0.5%], respectively. The prevalence of total hypothyroidism (including all fractions) was 9.1% [CI 8.2-10.0%]. The prevalence of total hyperthyroidism was 0.8% [CI 0.6-1.1]. A total of 7.5% [CI 6.7-8.3%] of the population tested positive for TPOAbs (≥50 IU/mL). In multivariate logistic regression models, TPOAbs were strongly associated with both hypothyroidism (p < 0.001) and hyperthyroidism (p = 0.005), whereas high UI levels (>200 μg/g creatinine) were associated with hypothyroidism (p < 0.001). The positive association between UI and hypothyroidism remained for both treated (p < 0.001) and untreated (p < 0.05) hypothyroidism, whereas it was especially significant for non-autoimmune (TPOAbs negative) forms (p < 0.001). At UI levels ≥200 μg/g, there was a positive correlation between UI and thyrotropin levels (β = 0.152, p < 0.001) and a negative correlation between UI and free triiodothyronine levels (β = -0.134, p = 0.001). CONCLUSION According to the data, a large proportion (10%) of the Spanish population has some evidence of thyroid dysfunction. High TPOAb concentrations were associated with both hypo- and hyperthyroidism, whereas high UI concentrations were associated with hypothyroidism.
Collapse
|
15
|
Walford GA, Gustafsson S, Rybin D, Stančáková A, Chen H, Liu CT, Hong J, Jensen RA, Rice K, Morris AP, Mägi R, Tönjes A, Prokopenko I, Kleber ME, Delgado G, Silbernagel G, Jackson AU, Appel EV, Grarup N, Lewis JP, Montasser ME, Landenvall C, Staiger H, Luan J, Frayling TM, Weedon MN, Xie W, Morcillo S, Martínez-Larrad MT, Biggs ML, Chen YDI, Corbaton-Anchuelo A, Færch K, Gómez-Zumaquero JM, Goodarzi MO, Kizer JR, Koistinen HA, Leong A, Lind L, Lindgren C, Machicao F, Manning AK, Martín-Núñez GM, Rojo-Martínez G, Rotter JI, Siscovick DS, Zmuda JM, Zhang Z, Serrano-Rios M, Smith U, Soriguer F, Hansen T, Jørgensen TJ, Linnenberg A, Pedersen O, Walker M, Langenberg C, Scott RA, Wareham NJ, Fritsche A, Häring HU, Stefan N, Groop L, O'Connell JR, Boehnke M, Bergman RN, Collins FS, Mohlke KL, Tuomilehto J, März W, Kovacs P, Stumvoll M, Psaty BM, Kuusisto J, Laakso M, Meigs JB, Dupuis J, Ingelsson E, Florez JC. Genome-Wide Association Study of the Modified Stumvoll Insulin Sensitivity Index Identifies BCL2 and FAM19A2 as Novel Insulin Sensitivity Loci. Diabetes 2016; 65:3200-11. [PMID: 27416945 PMCID: PMC5033262 DOI: 10.2337/db16-0199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have found few common variants that influence fasting measures of insulin sensitivity. We hypothesized that a GWAS of an integrated assessment of fasting and dynamic measures of insulin sensitivity would detect novel common variants. We performed a GWAS of the modified Stumvoll Insulin Sensitivity Index (ISI) within the Meta-Analyses of Glucose and Insulin-Related Traits Consortium. Discovery for genetic association was performed in 16,753 individuals, and replication was attempted for the 23 most significant novel loci in 13,354 independent individuals. Association with ISI was tested in models adjusted for age, sex, and BMI and in a model analyzing the combined influence of the genotype effect adjusted for BMI and the interaction effect between the genotype and BMI on ISI (model 3). In model 3, three variants reached genome-wide significance: rs13422522 (NYAP2; P = 8.87 × 10(-11)), rs12454712 (BCL2; P = 2.7 × 10(-8)), and rs10506418 (FAM19A2; P = 1.9 × 10(-8)). The association at NYAP2 was eliminated by conditioning on the known IRS1 insulin sensitivity locus; the BCL2 and FAM19A2 associations were independent of known cardiometabolic loci. In conclusion, we identified two novel loci and replicated known variants associated with insulin sensitivity. Further studies are needed to clarify the causal variant and function at the BCL2 and FAM19A2 loci.
Collapse
|
16
|
Brugnara L, Murillo S, Novials A, Rojo-Martínez G, Soriguer F, Goday A, Calle-Pascual A, Castaño L, Gaztambide S, Valdés S, Franch J, Castell C, Vendrell J, Casamitjana R, Bosch-Comas A, Bordiú E, Carmena R, Catalá M, Delgado E, Girbés J, López-Alba A, Martínez-Larrad MT, Menéndez E, Mora-Peces I, Pascual-Manich G, Serrano-Ríos M, Gomis R, Ortega E. Low Physical Activity and Its Association with Diabetes and Other Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Nationwide, Population-Based Study. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0160959. [PMID: 27532610 PMCID: PMC4988632 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0160959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Low physical activity (PA), or sedentary lifestyle, is associated with the development of several chronic diseases. We aimed to investigate current prevalence of sedentariness and its association with diabetes and other cardiovascular risk factors. PA was evaluated in a population-based, cross-sectional, randomly sampled study conducted in 2009-2010 in Spain. International Physical Activity Questionnaire (SF-IPAQ) was used to assess PA. 4991 individuals (median age 50 years, 57% women) were studied. Prevalence of sedentariness was 32.3% for men and 39% for women (p < 0.0001). Sex differences were particularly notable (age*sex interaction, p = 0.0024) at early and older ages. Sedentary individuals had higher BMI (28 vs. 27 kg/m2) and obesity prevalence (37 vs. 26%). Low PA was present in 44, 43, and 38% of individuals with known diabetes (KDM), prediabetes/unknown-diabetes (PREDM/UKDM), and normal glucose regulation (p = 0.0014), respectively. No difference between KDM and PREDM/UKDM (p = 0.72) was found. Variables independently associated (p < 0.05) with sedentariness were age, sex, BMI, central obesity, Mediterranean diet adherence, smoking habit, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides and dyslipidemia. Low PA is on the rise in Spain, especially among women. Sedentariness is associated with several cardiovascular risk factors and may be responsible for the increasing prevalence of obesity and diabetes in this country.
Collapse
|
17
|
Menéndez E, Delgado E, Fernández-Vega F, Prieto MA, Bordiú E, Calle A, Carmena R, Castaño L, Catalá M, Franch J, Gaztambide S, Girbés J, Goday A, Gomis R, López-Alba A, Martínez-Larrad MT, Mora-Peces I, Ortega E, Rojo-Martínez G, Serrano-Ríos M, Urrutia I, Valdés S, Vázquez JA, Vendrell J, Soriguer F. Prevalence, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Control of Hypertension in Spain. Results of the Di@bet.es Study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 69:572-8. [PMID: 26979767 DOI: 10.1016/j.rec.2015.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Di@bet.es is a national study designed to estimate the prevalence of diabetes mellitus and other cardiovascular risk factors in the Spanish adult population. The prevalence of hypertension and the degree to which it is recognized, treated, and controlled are described. METHODS The study included a sample of the Spanish population with 5048 adults aged ≥ 18 years. Patients were questioned and examined, with 3 blood pressure readings while seated and at rest to calculate the mean of the 3 readings. Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg and/or prescription for antihypertensive drug therapy. RESULTS Hypertension was found in 42.6% of the Spanish adult population aged ≥ 18 years and was more common among men (49.9%) than women (37.1%). The prevalence was higher among prediabetics (67.9%) and diabetics (79.4%). Undiagnosed hypertension was identified in 37.4% of patients and was more common in men (43.3%) than in women (31.5%). Among patients with known hypertension, 88.3% were receiving drug therapy. Well-controlled blood pressure was found in only 30% and was more common among women (24.9%) than men (16%). CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of hypertension in Spain is high, and a considerable percentage of hypertensive patients have still not been diagnosed. Hypertension is associated with diabetes and prediabetes, and although drug therapy is increasingly common, the degree of control has not improved and remains low. Population campaigns should be developed and promoted for hypertension prevention, detection, and treatment.
Collapse
|
18
|
Ruiz-de-Adana MS, Dominguez-Lopez ME, Gonzalez-Molero I, Machado A, Martin V, Cardona I, de-la-Higuera M, Tapia MJ, Soriguer F, Anarte MT, Rojo-Martínez G. Comparison between a multiple daily insulin injection regimen (basal once-daily glargine plus mealtime lispro) and continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (lispro) using continuous glucose monitoring in metabolically optimized type 1 diabetes patients: A randomized open-labelled parallel study. Med Clin (Barc) 2016; 146:239-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medcli.2015.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Revised: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
19
|
Monastero R, García-Serrano S, Lago-Sampedro A, Rodríguez-Pacheco F, Colomo N, Morcillo S, Martín-Nuñez GM, Gomez-Zumaquero JM, García-Fuentes E, Soriguer F, Rojo-Martínez G, García-Escobar E. Methylation patterns of Vegfb promoter are associated with gene and protein expression levels: the effects of dietary fatty acids. Eur J Nutr 2015; 56:715-726. [DOI: 10.1007/s00394-015-1115-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
20
|
Rubio-Martín E, Rojo-Martínez G, Caracuel Á, Soriguer F, Olivas L, Libébana M, Roque R, Olveira G. [SATISFACTION WITH HOSPITAL MENU AND INCLUSION OF GOAT CHEESE AS DESSERT COMPARED WITH COW CHEESE]. NUTR HOSP 2015; 32:1766-72. [PMID: 26545548 DOI: 10.3305/nh.2015.32.4.9526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION the evaluation of hospital menus should be performed periodically to suit the needs of patients. Goat cheese may have nutritional benefits, compared to cow cheese. OBJECTIVES to evaluate patient satisfaction with the hospital menu and with the inclusion of goat cheese, given like dessert in hospital vs menu with cow cheese. METHODS a survey of hospital menu satisfaction and dessert (goat cheese (GC) vs cow cheese (CC)) in patients with basal diets was conducted. RESULTS 334 surveys were analyzed. 46.7% were women. The average age was 58.16 ± 15.15 years and the average stay of 11.21 ± 11.53. Acceptance of the hospital menu was rated as "good" in a high percentage of respondents (91% Temperature, presentation 94%, humidity 75% and 84% schedule). Overall satisfaction lunch (1 to 10) was 7.31 ± 2.10 en CC vs 7.39 ± 1.75 GC (ns) and dessert satisfaction was 6.93 ± 2.89 vs 6.88 ± 3.52 (ns) (respectively). CONCLUSIONS the overall satisfaction with the hospital menu is high and the acceptance of new dessert (QC) is equivalent to acceptance obtained with cow cheese, which could be included in the code of diets.
Collapse
|
21
|
Mansego ML, De Marco G, Ivorra C, Lopez-Izquierdo R, Morcillo S, Rojo-Martínez G, González-Albert V, Martinez F, Soriguer F, Martín-Escudero JC, Redon J, Chaves FJ. The nutrigenetic influence of the interaction between dietary vitamin E and TXN and COMT gene polymorphisms on waist circumference: a case control study. J Transl Med 2015; 13:286. [PMID: 26329592 PMCID: PMC4557824 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-015-0652-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 03/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Abdominal obesity (AO) is a common modifiable risk factor for certain non-communicable diseases associated with enhanced oxidative stress (OS). The objective of this work was to investigate whether the interaction between antioxidant vitamin intake and OS-related polymorphisms modulates gene-associated anthropometry in a Spanish population. Methods A total of 246 subjects with AO, and 492 age and gender matched non-AO subjects were included in the study. Anthropometric, biochemical, and OS parameters, and antioxidant dietary intake data were assessed using validated procedures. DNA from white blood cells was isolated and the genotype of seven polymorphisms from genes
involved in OS (pro-oxidant and antioxidant) were analyzed using the SNPlex system. The effects of the c.-793T > C polymorphism on promoter activity and thus thioredoxin (TXN) activity were examined using reporter assays. Results The AO group had higher 8-Oxo-2′-deoxyguanosine levels and took in less vitamin A and vitamin E compared to the non-AO group. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the rs2301241 polymorphism in TXN and rs740603 in catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) were associated with waist circumference (WC) and AO. Moreover, these polymorphisms were more strongly associated with variations in WC in subjects with low vitamin E intakes. A promoter assay revealed that the T to C conversion at c.-793 (rs2301241) induced a more than two fold increase in reporter gene expression. Conclusions WC is associated both with dietary vitamin E intake and genetic variants of TXN and COMT suggesting that existence of a complex nutrigenetic pathway that involves regulation of AO. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12967-015-0652-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
|
22
|
Garcia-Serrano S, Gutiérrez-Repiso C, Gonzalo M, Garcia-Arnes J, Valdes S, Soriguer F, Perez-Valero V, Alaminos-Castillo MA, Francisco Cobos-Bravo J, Moreno-Ruiz FJ, Rodriguez-Cañete A, Rodríguez-Pacheco F, Garcia-Escobar E, García-Fuentes E. C-peptide modifies leptin and visfatin secretion in human adipose tissue. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2015; 23:1607-15. [PMID: 26146822 DOI: 10.1002/oby.21137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Revised: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The effects of C-peptide on adipose tissue, an organ involved in the development of obesity and insulin resistance, are not yet well known. The aim of this study was to determine whether C-peptide could be involved in the regulation of the adipocytokine synthesis in human visceral adipose tissue. METHODS The association between C-peptide and different serum adipocytokines, with an intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT), and in an in vitro study in subjects without obesity and in subjects with morbid obesity were analyzed. RESULTS In different multiple regression analysis models, C-peptide and C-peptide increase above basal levels during total IVGTT and between 0 and 10 min were associated positively with leptin and negatively with visfatin. Rhodamine-labeled C-peptide binds to human adipocytes, and this binding was blocked with excess of unlabeled C-peptide. Exposure of human visceral explants and adipocytes from subjects with morbid obesity to C-peptide at 1 and 10 nM induced a significant increase in leptin and a decrease in visfatin secretion. In subjects without obesity, these C-peptide effects were found mainly at 10 nM. These effects can be inhibited by phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) or protein kinase B (PKB) inhibitors. CONCLUSIONS C-peptide may be involved in the regulation of leptin and visfatin secretion, molecules intimately involved in energy homeostasis processes, through PI3K or PKB pathways.
Collapse
|
23
|
Martín-Núñez GM, Rubio-Martín E, Cabrera-Mulero R, Rojo-Martínez G, Olveira G, Valdés S, Soriguer F, Castaño L, Morcillo S. Type 2 diabetes mellitus in relation to global LINE-1 DNA methylation in peripheral blood: a cohort study. Epigenetics 2015; 9:1322-8. [PMID: 25437047 DOI: 10.4161/15592294.2014.969617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last years, epigenetic processes have emerged as a promising area of complex diseases research. DNA methylation measured in Long Interspersed Nucleotide Element 1 (LINE-1) sequences has been considered a surrogate marker for global genome methylation. New findings have suggested the potential involvement of epigenetic mechanisms in Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) as a crucial interface between the effects of genetic predisposition and environmental influences. Our study evaluated whether global DNA methylation predicted increased risk from T2DM or other carbohydrate metabolism disorders in a cohort study. We used a prospective cohort intervention study and a control group. We collected phenotypic, anthropometric, biochemical, and nutritional information from all subjects. Global LINE-1 DNA methylation was quantified by pyrosequencing technology. Subjects that did not improve their carbohydrate metabolism status showed lower levels of global LINE-1 DNA methylation (63.9 ± 1.7 vs. 64.7 ± 2.4) and they practiced less intense physical activity (5.8% vs. 21.5%). Logistic regression analyses showed a significant association between LINE-1 DNA methylation and metabolic status after adjustment for sex, age, BMI, and physical activity. Our study showed that lower LINE-1 DNA methylation levels were associated with a higher risk metabolic status worsening, independent of other classic risk factors. This finding highlights the potential role for epigenetic biomarkers as predictors of T2DM risk or other related metabolic disorders.
Collapse
|
24
|
Lago-Sampedro AM, Gutiérrez-Repiso C, Valdés S, Maldonado C, Colomo N, Almaraz MC, Rubio-Martín E, Morcillo S, Esteva I, Ruiz de Adana MS, Perez-Valero V, Soriguer F, Rojo-Martínez G, García-Fuentes E. Changes in thyroid function with age: results from the Pizarra population-based longitudinal study. Int J Clin Pract 2015; 69:577-87. [PMID: 25604441 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.12545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2014] [Accepted: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Results of studies examining the influence of age on thyroid function and TSH levels, in the absence of thyroid disease, remain controversial. The aim of this study was to determine the course of thyroid function over 11 years in a population with normal thyroid function. METHODS This is a population-based prospective study started in 1995-1997 (first phase), and reassessed 6 (second phase) and 11 years later (third phase). RESULTS The TSH and FT4 in the third phase were significantly increased (p=0.001 and p=0.001, respectively), with the values being higher particularly from the age of 50 years. In those persons with a baseline TSH≥1.2 and <3 μIU/mL, the OR of having a TSH of 3-5 μIU/mL in the third phase was 6.10 (p=0.004). In those with a baseline TSH≥3 and ≤5 μIU/mL, the OR of having a TSH of 3-5 μIU/mL in the third phase was 20.8 (p<0.0001). Similar results were found for FT4. CONCLUSION In a population free of clinical thyroid disease, TSH and FT4 values rise over the years. This increase occurs in all age groups, but depends mainly on the basal concentrations of TSH and FT4.
Collapse
|
25
|
Amor AJ, Masana L, Soriguer F, Goday A, Calle-Pascual A, Gaztambide S, Rojo-Martínez G, Valdés S, Gomis R, Ortega E. Estimación del riesgo cardiovascular en España según la guía europea sobre prevención de la enfermedad cardiovascular en la práctica clínica. Rev Esp Cardiol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.recesp.2014.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|