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Yang Y, Zhu Z, Hui L, Sun P. Effects of CACNA1C and ANK3 on cognitive function in patients with bipolar disorder. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2024; 133:111016. [PMID: 38657895 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a complex, severe mental illness with cognitive impairment. Impairments in attention and memory are particularly evident. A large number of previous studies have identified CACNA1C and ANK3 gene variants as risk factors for BD and both affect cognitive function in people with BD. However, it is unclear whether there is an interaction effects between the two genes on cognitive impairment in patients. We used 153 Chinese Han Chinese patients with BD to explore the association of CACNA1C and ANK3 variants with attention and immediate memory using Plink software and and performed a epistatic interaction effects analysis. We found that CACNA1C and ANK3 gene variants respectively affected patients' scores on attention and memory tests. The significant SNP in the CACNA1C and ANK3 genes are rs73042126(P = 3.16 × 10-5,FDR = 0.0253) and rs2393640(P = 1.50 × 10-4,FDR = 0.0353) respectively. And they also interacted to affect cognitive functioning in BD patients (attention: P = 0.0289; immediate memory: P = 0.0398). Follow-up studies should increase the sample size, improve the assessment methods and experimental design, and further explore the pathogenic mechanisms of BD.
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Pan SM, Yin XY, Dai DM, Zhang LW, Qi Q, Wang PJ, Hui L, Zhu ZH. Unraveling the potential of Morinda officinalis oligosaccharides as an adjuvant of escitalopram in depression treatment and exploring the underlying mechanisms. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 328:118124. [PMID: 38556138 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHAMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Morinda officinalis oligosaccharides (MOs) is a mixture of oligosaccharides extracted from the roots of Morinda officinalis (MO). It is approved by Chinese Food and Drug Administration (CFDA) for depression treatment. MOs could improve the antidepressant efficacy of escitalopram in clinic. AIM OF THE STUDY We aim to explore the antidepressant activity and potential mechanism of the combination usage of MOs and escitalopram on animal model of depression. MATERIALS AND METHODS Depressive animal model was induced by chronic mild stress (CMS). Behavioral tests were conducted to evaluate the antidepressant efficacy of MOs and escitalopram. Serum neurotransmitter levels were detected by High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Quantitative real-time PCR and Western blotting were applied to assay the hippocampus neurotrophic factors' mRNA and protein levels. Peripheral cytokines levels were measured through Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Micorglia polization phenotype was assayed by immunofluorescence and flow cytometry. RESULTS MOs and escitalopram obviously attenuated depression-like behaviors of CMS mice. Importantly, MOs plus escitalopram exhibited better antidepressant activity on CMS mice than monotherapy. At the same time, MOs combined escitalopram treatment significantly increased hippocampus neurotransmitters and neurotrophic factor levels, stimulated hippocampus neurogenesis and relieved central nervous system (CNS) microglia over-activation of CMS mice. The combination therapy had greater effect on neuroprotection and inflammation attenuation of CMS mice than monotherapy. CONCLUSION Our results indicates MOs combined escitalopram might produce antidepressant activity through protecting neuron activity, relieving inflammation and modulating microglia polarization process.
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Yawei Z, Kailin Y, Li L, Xintong W, Hui L, Wenlei L, Zhuyuan F. Association between immune-inflammation-based prognostic index and depression: An exploratory cross-sectional analysis of NHANES data. J Affect Disord 2024:S0165-0327(24)01035-8. [PMID: 38944294 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.06.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune-inflammatory mediators influence numerous immune and inflammatory pathways, elevating the likelihood of depression. The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) emerges as an innovative prognostic indicator, integrating various peripheral blood immune cell subpopulations, specifically neutrophils, platelets, and lymphocytes. This exploratory study aims to examine the correlation between SII and depression. METHODS Data from the 2005-2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were utilized. Depression was diagnosed with a Patient Health Questionnaire score of 10 or higher. The relationship between log2-SII and depression incidence was analyzed using a restricted cubic spline (RCS). Logistic regression was employed to calculate the odds ratio of depression concerning log2-SII. In cases of non-linearity, piecewise linear models with change points were applied to assess the associations in both the overall population and specific subgroups. Additionally, subgroup analyses were conducted to determine the applicability of the findings to particular populations. RESULTS A total of 42,133 participants were included in the study, comprising 49.32 % men and 50.68 % women, with an average age of 47.02 ± 17.45 years. RCS analysis demonstrated a J-shaped non-linear relationship between log2-SII and depression incidence. When log2-SII was ≥8.50, SII showed a positive association with depression incidence, even after adjusting for covariates. Additionally, each unit increase in log2-SII corresponded to an 18 % rise in depression incidence (OR = 1.18, 95 % CI: 1.10-1.27). Subgroup analysis further revealed that the association between SII and depression incidence varied across different populations. LIMITATIONS Due to the cross-sectional nature of NHANES, causality or long-term implications cannot be inferred. Further research is needed to ascertain if a longitudinal relationship exists between SII and depression. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest a significant and complex non-linear association between SII and depression. However, further basic and prospective studies are necessary to explore SII's impact on depression and clarify its underlying mechanisms. Additionally, these studies will provide a foundation for personalized interventions targeting the immune-inflammatory processes in patients with depression and elevated SII.
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Chen P, Yang HD, Wang JJ, Zhu ZH, Zhao HM, Yin XY, Cai Y, Zhu HL, Fu JL, Zhang XZ, Sun WX, Hui L, Zhang XB. Association of serum interleukin-6 with negative symptoms in stable early-onset schizophrenia. World J Psychiatry 2024; 14:794-803. [DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v14.i6.794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulating evidence suggests that the inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) contributes to the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders. However, there was no study concerning the relationship between IL-6 concentrations and clinical features in the chronic phase of early-onset schizophrenia (EOS).
AIM To investigate the relationship between serum IL-6 concentration and the clinical features of EOS.
METHODS We measured serum IL-6 Levels from 74 patients with chronic schizophrenia, including 33 with age at onset < 21 years (EOS group) and 41 with onset ≥ 21 years in [adult-onset schizophrenia (AOS) group], and from 41 healthy controls. Symptom severities were evaluated using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS).
RESULTS Serum IL-6 concentrations were higher in both EOS and AOS groups than healthy controls (F = 22.32, P < 0.01), but did not differ significantly between EOS and AOS groups (P > 0.05) after controlling for age, body mass index, and other covariates. Negative symptom scores were higher in the EOS group than the AOS group (F = 6.199, P = 0.015). Serum IL-6 concentrations in the EOS group were negatively correlated with both total PANSS-negative symptom score (r = -0.389, P = 0.032) and avolition/asociality subscore (r = -0.387, P = 0.026).
CONCLUSION Patients with EOS may have more severe negative symptoms than those with adult-onset schizophrenia during the chronic phase of the illness. IL-6 signaling may regulate negative symptoms and its avolition/asociality subsymptoms among the early-onset chronic schizophrenic patients.
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Jia Y, Shi M, Yang P, Wang R, Sun L, Wang Y, Xu Q, Zhang J, Zhang Q, Guo D, Zheng X, Liu Y, Chang X, He Y, Hui L, Chen GC, Zhang Y, Zhu Z. Associations of computer gaming with incident dementia, cognitive functions, and brain structure: a prospective cohort study and Mendelian randomization analysis. Alzheimers Res Ther 2024; 16:131. [PMID: 38898507 PMCID: PMC11186151 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-024-01496-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Computer gaming has recently been suggested to be associated with benefits for cognition, but its impact on incident dementia remains uncertain. We aimed to investigate the observational associations of playing computer games with incident dementia, cognitive functions, and brain structural measures, and further explore the genetic associations between computer gaming and dementia. METHODS We included 471,346 White British participants without dementia at baseline based on the UK Biobank, and followed them until November 2022. We estimated the risk of dementia using Cox proportional hazard models, and assessed the changes of cognitive functions and brain structural measures using logistic regression models and linear regression models. Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were performed to examine the association between genetically determined computer gaming and dementia. RESULTS High frequency of playing computer games was associated with decreased risk of incident dementia (HR, 0.81 [95% CI: 0.69, 0.94]). Individuals with high frequency of playing computer games had better performance in prospective memory (OR, 1.46 [1.26, 1.70]), reaction time (beta, -0.195 [-0.243, -0.147]), fluid intelligence (0.334 [0.286, 0.382]), numeric memory (0.107 [0.047, 0.166]), incorrect pairs matching (-0.253 [-0.302, -0.203]), and high volume of gray matter in hippocampus (0.078 [0.023, 0.134]). Genetically determined high frequency of playing computer games was associated with a low risk of dementia (OR, 0.37 [0.15, 0.91]). CONCLUSIONS Computer gaming was associated with a decreased risk of dementia, favorable cognitive function, and better brain structure, suggesting that computer gaming could modulate cognitive function and may be a promising target for dementia prevention.
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Chang X, He Y, Liu Y, Fei J, Qin X, Song B, Yu Q, Shi M, Guo D, Hui L, Chen J, Wang A, Xu T, He J, Zhang Y, Zhu Z. Serum brain derived neurotrophic factor levels and post-stroke depression in ischemic stroke patients. J Affect Disord 2024; 361:S0165-0327(24)00981-9. [PMID: 38897298 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.06.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is crucial for neuronal survival and may be implicated in the pathophysiological process of depression. This study aimed to prospectively investigate the association between serum BDNF and post-stroke depression (PSD) at 3 months in a multicenter cohort study. METHODS A total of 611 ischemic stroke patients with serum BDNF measurements from the China Antihypertensive Trial in Acute Ischemic Stroke were included in this analysis. We used the 24-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale to assess depression status at 3 months after ischemic stroke, and PSD was defined as a score of ≥8. RESULTS Baseline serum BDNF was inversely associated with the risk of depression after ischemic stroke. The multivariable-adjusted odds ratio of PSD for the highest tertile of BDNF was 0.53 (95 % confidence interval, 0.34-0.82; P for trend = 0.004) compared with the lowest tertile. Multivariable-adjusted spline regression model also showed a linear does-response association between serum BDNF levels and PSD at 3 months (P for linearity = 0.006). In addition, adding serum BDNF to conventional risk factors significantly improved the risk reclassification of PSD (net reclassification improvement: 16.98 %, P = 0.039; integrated discrimination index: 0.93 %, P = 0.026). LIMITATIONS All patients in this study were Chinese, so our findings should be applied to other populations cautiously. CONCLUSIONS Higher serum BDNF levels at baseline were significantly associated with a decreased risk of PSD at 3 months, suggesting that BDNF might be a valuable predictive biomarker and potential therapeutic target for PSD among ischemic stroke patients.
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Xu Q, Guo D, Shi M, Wang Y, Yang P, Jia Y, Sun L, Liu Y, Chang X, He Y, Hui L, Zhang Y, Zhu Z. Genetically Determined Plasma Hepatocyte Growth Factor Levels Are Associated With the Risk and Prognosis of Ischemic Stroke. Stroke 2024; 55:1535-1542. [PMID: 38572663 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.123.045430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Observational studies suggest that hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is associated with the risk and prognosis of ischemic stroke, but the causality of these associations remains unclear. Therefore, we conducted Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses to explore the associations of genetically determined plasma HGF levels with the risk and prognosis of ischemic stroke. METHODS A total of 13 single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with plasma HGF were selected as genetic instruments based on the data from a genome-wide association study with 21 758 European participants. Summary data about the risk of ischemic stroke were obtained from the MEGASTROKE (Multiancestry Genome-Wide Association Study of Stroke) Consortium with 34 217 ischemic stroke cases and 406 111 controls of European ancestry, and summary data about the prognosis of ischemic stroke were obtained from the GISCOME study (Genetics of Ischaemic Stroke Functional Outcome) with 6165 European patients with ischemic stroke. We conducted an inverse-variance weighted Mendelian randomization analysis followed by a series of sensitivity analyses to evaluate the associations of genetically determined plasma HGF with the risk and prognosis of ischemic stroke. RESULTS The primary analyses showed that genetically determined high HGF was associated with an increased risk of ischemic stroke (odds ratio per SD increase, 1.11 [95% CI, 1.04-1.19]; P=1.10×10-3) and poor prognosis of ischemic stroke (odds ratio per SD increase, 2.43 [95% CI, 1.76-3.52]; P=6.35×10-8). In the secondary analysis, genetically determined plasma HGF was associated with a high risk of large atherosclerotic stroke (odds ratio per SD increase, 1.39 [95% CI, 1.18-1.63]; P=5.08×10-5) but not small vessel stroke and cardioembolic stroke. Mendelian randomization-Egger regression showed no directional pleiotropy for all associations, and the sensitivity analyses with different Mendelian randomization methods further confirmed these findings. CONCLUSIONS We found positive associations of genetically determined plasma HGF with the risk and prognosis of ischemic stroke, suggesting that HGF might be implicated in the occurrence and development of ischemic stroke.
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Yin X, Cai Y, Jia N, Hui L, Zhu Z. Characterization of the human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) SZGJMSi004-A line from a 28-year-old Han male patient with depression. Stem Cell Res 2024; 77:103428. [PMID: 38696853 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2024.103428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from a 28-year-old male patient with unipolar depression were reprogrammed with reprogramming factors by electroporation. The pluripotency of transgene-free induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) was verified by immunofluorescence staining for pluripotency markers, and these iPSCs were able to differentiate into the 3 germ layers in vitro. These iPSCs also showed normal karyotypes. Thus, we believe that these iPSCs could be valuable models for exploring the underlying biological mechanism of depression and the safety of antidepressants through the use of iPSCs differentiated into different kinds of neurons or brain organoids.
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Zhu ZH, Yin XY, Cai Y, Jia NN, Wang PJ, Qi Q, Hou WL, Man LJ, Hui L. Association between the HHEX polymorphism and delayed memory in first-episode schizophrenic patients. Schizophr Res Cogn 2024; 36:100304. [PMID: 38444400 PMCID: PMC10912683 DOI: 10.1016/j.scog.2024.100304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
The hematopoietically-expressed homeobox gene (HHEX) played a critical role in regulating the immune system that the abnormality of which was involved in the psychopathology and cognitive deficits of psychiatric disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of HHEX rs1111875 polymorphism on the susceptibility and cognitive deficits of first-episode schizophrenic patients (FSP). We assessed cognitive function in 239 first-episode patients meeting DSM-IV for schizophrenia, and 368 healthy controls using the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS). The HHEX rs1111875 polymorphism was genotyped. Our results showed that the allelic and genotypic frequencies of HHEX rs1111875 polymorphism didn't differ between FSP and healthy controls (both p > 0.05) after adjusting for sex and age. Cognitive test scores in FSP were significantly lower than those in healthy controls on all scales (all p < 0.001) except for the visuospatial/constructional score (p > 0.05) after adjusting for covariates. There was a significant genotype (p < 0.05) rather than genotype × diagnosis (p > 0.05) effect on the delayed memory score after adjusting for covariates. The HHEX rs1111875 polymorphism was significantly associated with the delayed memory score in FSP (p < 0.05), but not in healthy controls (p > 0.05) after adjusting for covariates. Our findings supported that the HHEX rs1111875 polymorphism did not contribute to the susceptibility to FSP. However, this polymorphism might influence the delayed memory in FSP. Moreover, FSP had poorer cognitive function than healthy controls except for the visuospatial/constructional domain.
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Hui L, Guang-Ming W. Progress on the relationship between tumor suppressor PDCD4 and diseases based on the analysis of structural characteristics. YI CHUAN = HEREDITAS 2024; 46:290-305. [PMID: 38632092 DOI: 10.16288/j.yczz.23-291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
The tumor suppressor programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) is downregulated in various tumor tissues indicating poor prognosis. PDCD4 is the first protein found to resist tumor transformation, invasion, and metastasis by inhibiting translation. The functions of PDCD4 dependent on its structures are affected by extracellular signals. It regulates tumor-related proteins through a variety of mechanisms, especially involved in two major signaling pathways, PI3K-Akt-mTOR and MAPK. By analyzing the relationship between the structures, functions and diseases of PDCD4, this review summarizes the roles of PDCD4 in several physiological processes and diseases such as apoptosis, autophagy, tumor, and inflammation in recent years, thereby providing insights for the study of the signaling pathways of PDCD4 and related proteins and the treatment of diseases targeting them.
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Cai Y, Zhu ZH, Qi Q, Yin XY, Jia NN, Hou WL, Chen P, Man LJ, Wang PJ, Qian S, Wang WX, Zhang TH, Wang JJ, Zhang H, Hui L. The negative association of serum complement 3 and 4 levels with visuospatial/constructional function in first-episode patients with schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2024; 264:404-406. [PMID: 38237363 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2024.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
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Wang X, Zhang Y, Huang J, Wang Y, Niu Y, Lui SSY, Hui L, Chan RCK. Revisiting reward impairments in schizophrenia spectrum disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis for neuroimaging findings. Psychol Med 2023; 53:7189-7202. [PMID: 36994747 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291723000703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormal reward functioning is central to anhedonia and amotivation symptoms of schizophrenia (SCZ). Reward processing encompasses a series of psychological components. This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the brain dysfunction related to reward processing of individuals with SCZ spectrum disorders and risks, covering multiple reward components. METHODS After a systematic literature search, 37 neuroimaging studies were identified and divided into four groups based on their target psychology components (i.e. reward anticipation, reward consumption, reward learning, effort computation). Whole-brain Seed-based d Mapping (SDM) meta-analyses were conducted for all included studies and each component. RESULTS The meta-analysis for all reward-related studies revealed reduced functional activation across the SCZ spectrum in the striatum, orbital frontal cortex, cingulate cortex, and cerebellar areas. Meanwhile, distinct abnormal patterns were found for reward anticipation (decreased activation of the cingulate cortex and striatum), reward consumption (decreased activation of cerebellum IV/V areas, insula and inferior frontal gyri), and reward learning processing (decreased activation of the striatum, thalamus, cerebellar Crus I, cingulate cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, and parietal and occipital areas). Lastly, our qualitative review suggested that decreased activation of the ventral striatum and anterior cingulate cortex was also involved in effort computation. CONCLUSIONS These results provide deep insights on the component-based neuro-psychopathological mechanisms for anhedonia and amotivation symptoms of the SCZ spectrum.
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Jia N, Dong L, Lu Q, Li X, Jin M, Yin X, Zhu Z, Jia Q, Ji C, Hui L, Yu Q. The causal effect of schizophrenia on fractures and bone mineral density: a comprehensive two-sample Mendelian randomization study of European ancestry. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:692. [PMID: 37743466 PMCID: PMC10518911 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05196-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schizophrenia was clinically documented to co-occur with fractures and aberrant bone mineral density (BMD), but the potential causal relationship remained unclear. This study aimed to test the causal effects between schizophrenia and fractures as well as aberrant BMD by conducting Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses. METHODS Two-sample MR was utilized, based on instrumental variables from large genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of schizophrenia as exposure, to identify the causal association of schizophrenia with mixed fractures, fractures at different body sites (including skull and facial bones, shoulder and upper arm, wrist and hand, and femur) and BMDs of forearm (FA), femoral neck (FN), lumbar spine (LS) and estimated BMD (eBMD). Multivariable Mendelian randomization (MVMR) analysis was performed to minimize the confounding effect of body mass index (BMI). RESULTS Result from inverse variance weighting (IVW) method provided evidence schizophrenia increased the risk of fractures of skull and facial bones [odds ratio (OR) = 1.0006, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.0003 to 1.0010] and femur [OR =1.0007, 95% CI: 1.0003 to 1.0011], whereas, decreased the level of eBMD [β (95%CI): -0.013 (-0.021, -0.004)]. These causal effects still existed after adjusting for BMI. Sensitivity analyses showed similar results. However, no causal effect of schizophrenia on fracture or BMD in other parts was detected. CONCLUSION The current finding confirmed that schizophrenia was causally associated with the fractures of skull, face and femur as well as eBMD, which might remind psychiatrists to pay close attention to the fracture risk in schizophrenic patients when formulating their treatment strategies.
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Zhang G, Ye X, Wang X, Lin Y, Zhu C, Pan J, Yin X, Ye M, Lv W, Tang W, Liu J, Yang X, Hui L, Zheng K. Serum total cholesterol levels associated with immediate memory performance in patients with chronic schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2023; 255:256-260. [PMID: 37060796 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2023.03.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
Cognitive impairments are common in patients with schizophrenia. Changes in total cholesterol (TC) may be involved in the development of schizophrenia and associated with cognitive function. This study aimed to investigate differences in serum TC level and cognitive function between schizophrenia patients and healthy controls and explore the relationship between serum TC level and cognitive function in patients with schizophrenia. A total of 105 schizophrenia patients and 105 healthy controls were recruited. Results showed that patients with schizophrenia had significantly lower scores on the overall RBANS scale and subscales (i.e., immediate memory, language, attention, and delayed memory) than those of healthy controls. Pearson's correlation analyses showed that in patients with schizophrenia, serum TC levels were positively associated with RBANS subscale scores of immediate memory and language. Furthermore, multivariate regression analyses showed that serum TC level was positively associated with the immediate memory index in patients with schizophrenia. However, no significant association was found between serum TC level and RBANS score in the healthy control group. Our results suggest that elevated serum TC level may be related to improved cognitive function in patients with schizophrenia, especially that of immediate memory.
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Zhang X, Fu S, Zhang S, Ji X, Hui L, Jin J, Zhang J. Abstract 5320: The RenMice™ HiTS (Hyperimmune target specific) Platform facilitates identification of novel therapeutic antibodies for challenging targets. Cancer Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-5320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
In recent years, an increasing number of therapeutic antibodies have shown to be effective for the treatment of cancer and other diseases. However, limitations in the traditional discovery process, including immune tolerance of highly homologous genes, challenges with antibody sequence humanization, clone selection, and model selection for drug efficacy and safety evaluation, often hinder the process of identifying new therapeutic antibodies. The RenMice™ HiTS (Hyperimmune Target Specific) Platform is a library of chromosome engineered mice with fully human immunoglobulin variable domains replacing the mouse loci, each with a specific drug target gene knocked out. These mice are designed to establish robust immune responses and generate antibodies that bind to more epitopes of the target protein, including conserved domains. The platform is ideal for challenging targets, such as proteins with high homology across species, or multi-pass transmembrane proteins (e.g. GPCRs/ion channels). Here, we show that the platform can be used to generate antibodies that cross-react with multiple species, like human, monkey, dog, and mouse targets, by immunizing with both human and mouse or dog antigen. We provide examples for newer campaigns, including species cross-reactivity and internalization of novel antibodies targeting NECTIN-4, and high-throughput in vivo efficacy screening of novel anti-PD-1 antibodies in wild-type mice. In the future, we will evaluate the preliminary toxicity of these cross-reactive antibodies in preclinical animal models. Thus, selection of the best antibody candidate based on in vivo efficacy and safety allows for a streamlined and successful preclinical phase. In conclusion, the RenMice™ HiTS platform facilitates the generation of developable antibodies that recognize novel epitopes and challenging targets.
Citation Format: Xiaoqian Zhang, Shufang Fu, Shujin Zhang, Xin Ji, Li Hui, James Jin, Jing Zhang. The RenMice™ HiTS (Hyperimmune target specific) Platform facilitates identification of novel therapeutic antibodies for challenging targets. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 5320.
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Yang Y, Huang C, Hui L, Song Y, Fu Y, Li M, Yang H, Wu J, Sun J, Xu W, Wei L. Cathelicidins Target HSP60 To Restrict CVB3 Transmission via Disrupting the Exosome and Reducing Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis. J Virol 2023; 97:e0143322. [PMID: 36916989 PMCID: PMC10062171 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01433-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Cathelicidin antimicrobial peptides (mouse, CRAMP; human, LL-37) have broad-spectrum antiviral activities against enveloped viruses, but their mechanisms of action against nonenveloped viruses remain to be elucidated. Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3), a member of nonenveloped virus belonging to the Enterovirus genus of Picornaviridae, is an important pathogen of viral myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy. Here, we observed that cardiac CRAMP expression was significantly upregulated in mice after CVB3 infection. The administration of CRAMP or LL-37 markedly suppressed CVB3 infection in mice, and CRAMP deficiency increased the susceptibility of mice to CVB3. CRAMP and LL-37 inhibited CVB3 replication in primary cardiomyocytes. However, they did not inactivate CVB3 particles and did not regulate the response of cardiomyocytes against CVB3 infection. Intriguingly, they inhibited CVB3 transmission through the exosome, but not virus receptor. In detail, CRAMP and LL-37 directly induced the lysis of exosomes by interfering with exosomal heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) and then blocked the diffusion of exosomes to recipient cells and inhibited the establishment of productive infection by exosomes. In addition, the interaction of CRAMP and LL-37 with HSP60 simultaneously inhibited HSP60-induced apoptosis in cardiomyocytes and reduced HSP60-enhanced CVB3 replication. Our findings reveal a novel mechanism of cathelicidins against viral infection and provide a new therapeutic strategy for CVB3-induced viral myocarditis. IMPORTANCE The relative mechanisms that cathelicidin antimicrobial peptides use to influence nonenveloped virus infection are unclear. We show here that cathelicidin antimicrobial peptides (CRAMP and LL-37) directly target exosomal HSP60 to destroy exosomes, which in turn block the diffusion of exosomes to recipient cardiomyocytes and reduced HSP60-induced apoptosis, thus restricting coxsackievirus B3 infection. Our results provide new insights into the mechanisms cathelicidin antimicrobial peptides use against viral infection.
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Jia Y, Hui L, Sun L, Guo D, Shi M, Zhang K, Yang P, Wang Y, Liu F, Shen O, Zhu Z. Association Between Human Blood Metabolome and the Risk of Psychiatric Disorders. Schizophr Bull 2023; 49:428-443. [PMID: 36124769 PMCID: PMC10016401 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbac130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS To identify promising drug targets for psychiatric disorders, we applied Mendelian randomization (MR) design to systematically screen blood metabolome for potential mediators of psychiatric disorders and further predict target-mediated side effects. STUDY DESIGN We selected 92 unique blood metabolites from 3 metabolome genome-wide association studies (GWASs) with totally 147 827 participants. Summary statistics for bipolar disorder (BIP), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), major depressive disorder (MDD), schizophrenia (SCZ), panic disorder (PD), autistic spectrum disorder (ASD), and anorexia nervosa (AN) originated from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium, involving 1 143 340 participants. Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were conducted to estimate associations of blood metabolites with psychiatric disorders. Phenome-wide MR analysis was further performed to predict side effects mediated by metabolite-targeted interventions. RESULTS Eight metabolites were identified associated with psychiatric disorders, including five established mediators: N-acetylornithine (BIP: OR, 0.72 [95% CI, 0.66-0.79]; SCZ: OR, 0.74 [0.64-0.84]), glycine (BIP: OR, 0.62 [0.50-0.77]), docosahexaenoic acid (MDD: OR, 0.96 [0.94-0.97]), 3-Hydroxybutyrate (MDD: OR, 1.14 [1.08-1.21]), butyrylcarnitine (SCZ: OR, 1.22 [1.12-1.32]); and three novel mediators: 1-arachidonoylglycerophosphocholine (1-arachidonoyl-GPC)(BIP: OR, 0.31 [0.23-0.41]), glycoproteins (BIP: OR, 0.94 [0.92-0.97]), sphingomyelins (AN: OR, 1.12 [1.06-1.19]). Phenome-wide MR analysis showed that all identified metabolites except for N-acetylornithine and 3-Hydroxybutyrate had additional effects on nonpsychiatric diseases, while glycine, 3-Hydroxybutyrate, N-acetylornithine, and butyrylcarnitine had no adverse side effects. CONCLUSIONS This MR study identified five established and three novel mediators for psychiatric disorders. N-acetylornithine, glycine, 3-Hydroxybutyrate, and butyrylcarnitine might be promising targets against psychiatric disorders with no predicted adverse side effects.
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Hui L, Ning W, Rongjing Y, Shen Y, Bao Y, Jian C, Wenzhi R, Shuang L, Minghui Z. Corrigendum to "First deliveries of felines by transcervical transfer of in vitro-cultured embryos" [Theriogenology 193 (2022) 30-36]. Theriogenology 2023; 198:210. [PMID: 36592520 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Min Z, Hui L, Hui R, Jie Z, Hong Y, Yuhan L. Screening Behaviors and Related Factors among the First-Degree Relatives of Chinese Patients with Gastric Cancer. Asia Pac J Oncol Nurs 2023; 10:100220. [PMID: 37181816 PMCID: PMC10173167 DOI: 10.1016/j.apjon.2023.100220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study was aimed at investigating the screening behaviors of the first-degree relatives (FDRs) of Chinese patients with gastric cancer as well as the factors influencing screening behaviors. Methods In a cross-sectional design, 197 FDRs of patients with gastric cancer were enrolled at the Peking University Cancer Hospital. Four questionnaires were used: a demographic questionnaire, a knowledge questionnaire of risk factors and warning symptoms for gastric cancer, the Gastric Cancer Health Belief Scale, and a questionnaire screening for behavioral motivators and barriers. Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the factors influencing screening behaviors. Results Among the 197 FDRs of patients with gastric cancer, 30.96% (61/197) of patients had undergone gastric cancer screening. Among those who participated in gastric cancer screening, the most common screening methods were gastroscopy and the Helicobacter pylori testing, both of which were applied in 63.93% (39/61) of participants, followed by serum tumor marker testing (55.74%, 34/61) and barium meal examination of the upper digestive tract (29.51%, 18/61). The gastric cancer risk factor knowledge score was 9.02 ± 3.95, and the gastric cancer warning symptom knowledge score was 4.39 ± 1.85. The participants' knowledge score was moderate, at 13.41 ± 5.16. The total health beliefs score was low, at 88.91 ± 12.66. Factors independently associated with the screening behaviors of FDRs included educational background, knowledge of gastric cancer risk factors, and health motivation (P < 0.05). Conclusions The participation rate in gastric cancer screening of FDRs of patients with gastric cancer was relatively low and was affected by multiple factors. Our results highlighted the urgent need for educational campaigns and precision interventions to raise gastric cancer awareness.
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Cai Y, Zhu ZH, Li RH, Yin XY, Chen RF, Man LJ, Hou WL, Zhu HL, Wang J, Zhang H, Jia QF, Hui L. Association between increased serum interleukin-8 levels and improved cognition in major depressive patients with SSRIs. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:122. [PMID: 36823619 PMCID: PMC9948487 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-04616-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effect of neuroinflammatory cytokines on cognitive deficits in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) can be altered by selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). This study aimed to examine serum interleukin-8 (IL-8) levels, cognitive function, and their associations in MDD patients with SSRIs. METHODS Thirty SSRI-treated MDD patients and 101 healthy controls were recruited for this study. We examined cognitive performance using the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) and serum IL-8 levels using the Human Inflammatory Cytokine Cytometric Bead Array in both cases and controls. RESULTS The RBANS test scores were significantly lower in MDD patients with SSRIs than in healthy controls after controlling for covariates (all p < 0.001). Serum levels of IL-8 were higher in MDD patients with SSRIs than in healthy controls after adjusting for covariates (F = 3.82, p = 0.05). Serum IL-8 levels were positively correlated with sub-scores of delayed memory (r = 0.37, p = 0.04) and visuospatial/constructional (r = 0.43, p = 0.02) in MDD patients with SSRIs but not in in healthy controls (delayed memory score: r = -0.12, p = 0.24; visuospatial/constructional score: r = 0.02, p = 0.81). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggested that increased serum IL-8 level might not only be involved in the MDD psychopathology or the use of SSRIs but also correspond to improving MDD delayed memory and visuospatial/constructional function.
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Yuan Yin X, Hua Zhu Z, Feng Chen R, Li J, Ya Zhang G, Long Hou W, Nan Zhuang N, Cai Y, Bin Dai N, Liu F, Wang J, Fang Jia Q, Hui L. Generation and characterization of iPSCs from a patient with obsessive-compulsive disorder, his mother with schizophrenia and his healthy father. Stem Cell Res 2023; 66:102993. [PMID: 36502622 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2022.102993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia (SCZ) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are complex polygenic disorders with brain morphology abnormalities. The etiologies and relationship of both disorders remain elusive, and should be further investigated. Thus, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) were generated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from an OCD patient, his mother with SCZ and his healthy father with reprograming method. All iPSCs were characterized to have normal karyotype and expression of pluripotency makers. These iPSCs will be a valuable model to elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms and association of both diseases.
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Hui L, Ziyue Z, Chao L, Bin Y, Aoyu L, Haijing W. Epigenetic Regulations in Autoimmunity and Cancer: from Basic Science to Translational Medicine. Eur J Immunol 2023; 53:e2048980. [PMID: 36647268 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202048980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetics, as a discipline that aims to explain the differential expression of phenotypes arising from the same gene sequence and the heritability of epigenetic expression, has received much attention in medicine. Epigenetic mechanisms are constantly being discovered, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, noncoding RNAs and m6A. The immune system mainly achieves an immune response through the differentiation and functional expression of immune cells, in which epigenetic modification will have an important impact. Because of immune infiltration in the tumor microenvironment, immunotherapy has become a research hotspot in tumor therapy. Epigenetics plays an important role in autoimmune diseases and cancers through immunology. An increasing number of drugs targeting epigenetic mechanisms, such as DNA methyltransferase inhibitors, histone deacetylase inhibitors, and drug combinations, are being evaluated in clinical trials for the treatment of various cancers (including leukemia and osteosarcoma) and autoimmune diseases (systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic sclerosis). This review summarizes the progress of epigenetic regulation for cancers and autoimmune diseases to date, shedding light on potential therapeutic strategies.
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Xi Y, Chenglong L, Rong Z, Wen W, Yu W, Jiao C, Juan H, Feifei C, Rong X, Tao J, Hui L, Xiaobing H. Chidamide-based 3-drug combination regimen reverses molecular relapse post transplantation in AML1-ETO-positive acute myeloid leukemia. Front Pharmacol 2023; 13:1059930. [PMID: 36712661 PMCID: PMC9880285 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1059930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: We aimed to explore a new method to reverse early relapse in patients with AML1-ETO-positive acute myeloid cell transplantation. Methods: A chidamide-based 3-drug combination regimen was used in our center to treat patients with AML1-ETO-positive AML post transplantation but negative flow cytometry results. A retrospective analysis was performed of the survival rate and possible influencing factors of patients with relapse treated with this regimen in our center from January 2018 to January 2022. Results: The overall response rate was 95.8% (23/24), and the median number of treatment courses was 4 (range, 3-12 courses). The total molecular complete response (MCR) was 79.1% (19/24) after all treatments, and the molecular complete response was 37.5% (9/24) after one cycle of treatment but reached 58.3% (14/24) after four cycles; overall, the proportion of MCR increased gradually with the increase in treatment cycles. The projected 5-year overall survival rate was 73.9%. The projected 5-year leukemia-free survival rate was 64.8%, and the projected 1-year cumulative relapse rate was 35.5%. The incidence of grade II-IV graft-versus-host diseases (GVHD) was 29.2% (7/24), and that of grade III-IV GVHD was 20.8% (5/24), which could be effectively controlled by glucocorticoid therapy combined with calcineurin inhibitors The total incidence of chronic GVHD was 29.2% (7/24), and all cases were localized chronic GVHD. The total infection rate was 33.3% (8/24), mainly involving bacterial and fungal infections, and the incidence of life-threatening infections was 4.17% (1/24). The treatment-related mortality rate was 0%; and the total mortality rate was 20.8% (5/24). Nausea and vomiting, thrombocytopenia, and neutropenia were common adverse reactions, all of which were Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events grade 2-3 events and reversible after drug withdrawal. In terms of immunity, Th1 cell counts gradually increased, Th17 cell counts gradually decreased, and the Th1/Th17 ratio gradually increased after treatment. The CD8+ T lymphocyte count increased gradually, while the CD4+ T lymphocyte count did not change significantly. Conclusion: Our chidamide-based 3-drug combination regimen led to a high remission rate and tolerable adverse reactions in patients with AML1-ETO-positive post-transplant relapse, and most patients can achieve long-term survival with this regimen.
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Hong Z, Jing R, Hui L, Kang X, Chunmei Z, Yang W, Baojian Z, Xin D, Xiaoping Y. A cohort study of intrapartum group B streptococcus prophylaxis on atopic dermatitis in 2-year-old children. BMC Pediatr 2022; 22:693. [PMID: 36460975 PMCID: PMC9716662 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-022-03758-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To understand the occurrence of atopic dermatitis (AD) in children aged 2 years on exposure to maternal group B streptococcus (GBS) antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP). DESIGN Retrospective cohort study of 2909 mother-child pairs. SETTING Taixing People's Hospital in Eastern China. PARTICIPANTS Term infants born 2018-2019, followed longitudinally from birth to 2 years. EXPOSURES The GBS-IAP was defined as therapy with intravenous penicillin G or ampicillin or cefazolin ≥ 4 h prior to delivery to the mother. Reference infants were defined as born without or with other intrapartum antibiotic exposure. OUTCOMES The logistic regression models were employed to analyze the effect of intrapartum GBS prophylaxis on AD in 2-year-old children during delivery. Analysis was a priori stratified according to the mode of delivery and adjusted for relevant covariates. RESULTS The cohorts showed that preventive GBS-IAP was potentially associated with increased incidence of AD in children delivered vaginally according to logistic regression models before and after covariate-adjusted treatment (OR: 6.719,95% CI: 4.730-9.544,P < 0.001;aOR: 6.562,95% CI: 4.302-10.008, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Prophylactic treatment of intrapartum GBS may raise the risk of AD in vaginally delivered children. These findings highlight the need to better understand the risk between childhood AD and current GBS-IAP intervention strategies.
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Hui L, Ning W, Rongjing Y, Shen Y, Bao Y, Jian C, Wenzhi R, Shuang L, Minghui Z. First deliveries of felines by transcervical transfer of in vitro-cultured embryos. Theriogenology 2022; 193:30-36. [PMID: 36126363 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Transcervical transplantation of embryos has been wildly used in several species. However, it has not been successful in feline species because of their unique cervix structure combined with poor in vitro culture systems for embryos. In the present study, a simple device to guide the embryo transfer (ET) tube through the cervix and into the uterus was developed. To supply better blastocysts for ET, the in vitro culture system of feline embryos was also optimized. Results showed that 91.67 ± 4.17% of embryos developed to the blastocyst stage in QAU-4 medium compared with 49.17 ± 6.51% in KSOM medium. The total cell number of blastocysts reached 87.1 ± 22.1 in QAU-4 medium compared with 29.8 ± 2.1 in KSOM. Embryoid body formation was also observed in QAU-4 medium. Finally, by the improved technical scheme, CRX (Cone-Rod Homeobox) gene-edited kittens were successfully bred. To date, this is the first report, to our knowledge, of knockout kittens successfully delivered after transcervical ET with a simple transfer tube.
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