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Yager J, Brooks KM, Brothers J, Mulligan K, Landovitz RJ, Reirden D, Malhotra M, Glenny C, Harding P, Powell T, Anderson PL, Hosek S. Gender-Affirming Hormone Pharmacokinetics Among Adolescent and Young Adult Transgender Persons Receiving Daily Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2022; 38:939-943. [PMID: 35815468 PMCID: PMC9910105 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2022.0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Transgender persons have an increased vulnerability to HIV infection yet have not been well-represented in past clinical trials for pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Because of this, there are few data available to understand whether gender-affirming hormone concentrations are influenced by PrEP agents in transgender men (TM) and transgender women (TW). The objective of this study was to compare gender-affirming hormone concentrations with versus without emtricitabine (F, FTC)-tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF). TM and TW without HIV, aged 15-24 years, were enrolled for 1 month of directly observed daily F/TDF. Participants were required to be receiving a stable hormone dose (estradiol or testosterone) for at least 1 month or three consecutive doses, whichever was longer, before enrollment and willing to continue the same dose. Intensive pharmacokinetic (PK) sampling for gender-affirming hormones was collected before and 2-3 weeks after daily F/TDF. Serum estradiol and total testosterone were determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry; free testosterone by equilibrium dialysis. Maximum concentrations (Cmax) and area under the curve (AUClast) were log-transformed and compared between baseline and on F/TDF using geometric mean ratios (GMRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Twenty-five TW and 24 TM were enrolled (median age: 20 and 21 years, respectively). In TW, estradiol Cmax (GMR [95% CI]: 0.85 [0.65-1.11]) and AUClast (GMR [95% CI]: 0.87 [0.73-1.03]) were comparable on F/TDF versus baseline. In TM, similar comparability was observed for PrEP versus baseline including total testosterone Cmax (GMR [95% CI]: 0.91 [0.80-1.03]) and AUClast (GMR [95% CI]: 0.91 [0.81-1.04]) and free testosterone Cmax (GMR [95% CI]: 0.89 [0.74-1.07]) and AUClast (GMR [95% CI]: 0.88 [0.74-1.03]). Estradiol and testosterone exposures in young TW and TM did not significantly differ on F/TDF versus baseline. These findings should reassure patients and providers that F/TDF can be used as PrEP without concern for altering gender-affirming hormone PK. ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03652623).
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Marchivie M, Guionneau P, Chastanet G, Ketkaew R, Tantirungrotechai Y, Harding P, Harding D. Octahedral distortion through the CSD to reveal structure–properties relationship in spin crossover complexes. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION A FOUNDATIONS AND ADVANCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1107/s205327332209057x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
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Byrne AM, Trujillo J, Fitzsimons J, Mohammed T, Ghent R, O'Carroll C, Coghlan D, Hourihane JO, Alsalemi A, Cassidy A, Corbet E, Creighton R, d'Art Y, Farren L, Flanagan R, Flynn N, Franklin R, Gray C, Harding P, Hendrick C, Heraghty F, Hurley S, Kavanagh V, Lad D, Leddy K, Lewis S, McGlynn T, O'Connor D, O'Neill P, O'Shea O, O'Toole A, Quinn R, Reid A, Russell A, Ruth E, Rynne A, Sanneerappa PB, Sheehan M, Thompson C, Tobin C, Trayer J, Wallace A, Walsh N, Wilson F. Mass food challenges in a vacant COVID-19 stepdown facility: Exceptional opportunity provides a model for the future. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2021; 32:1756-1763. [PMID: 34152649 PMCID: PMC8420236 DOI: 10.1111/pai.13580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Internationally, the COVID-19 pandemic severely curtailed access to hospital facilities for those awaiting elective/semi-elective procedures. For allergic children in Ireland, already waiting up to 4 years for an elective oral food challenge (OFC), the restrictions signified indefinite delay. At the time of the initiative, there were approx 900 children on the Children's Health Ireland (CHI) waiting list. In July 2020, a project was facilitated by short-term (6 weeks) access to an empty COVID stepdown facility built, in a hotel conference centre, commandeered by the Health Service Executive (HSE), Ireland. The aim of this study was to achieve the rapid roll-out of an offsite OFC service, delivering high throughput of long waiting patients, while aligning with existing hospital policies and quality standards, international allergy guidelines and national social distancing standards. METHODS The working group engaged key stakeholders to rapidly develop an offsite OFC facility. Consultant paediatric allergists, consultant paediatricians, trainees and allergy clinical nurse specialists were seconded from other duties. The facility was already equipped with hospital beds, bedside monitors (BP, pulse and oxygen saturation) and bedside oxygen. All medication and supplies had to be brought from the base hospital. Daily onsite consultant anaesthetic cover was resourced and a resuscitation room equipped. Standardized food challenge protocols were created. Access to the onsite hotel chef facilitated food preparation. A risk register was established. RESULTS After 6 weeks of planning, the remote centre became operational on 7/9/2020, with the capacity of 27 OFC/day. 474 challenges were commenced: 465 (98%) were completed and 9 (2%) were inconclusive. 135 (29%) OFCs were positive, with 25 (5%) causing anaphylaxis. No child required advanced airway intervention. 8 children were transferred to the base hospital. The CHI allergy waiting list was reduced by almost 60% in only 24 days. CONCLUSIONS Oral food challenges remain a vital tool in the care of allergic children, with their cost saving and quality-of-life benefits negatively affected by a delay in their delivery. This project has shown it is possible to have huge impacts on a waiting list efficiently, effectively and safely with good planning and staff buy-in-even in a pandemic. Adoption of new, flexible and efficient models of service delivery will be important for healthcare delivery in the post-COVID-19 era.
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Jespersen K, Liu Z, Li C, Harding P, Sestak K, Batra R, Stephenson CA, Foley RT, Greene H, Meisinger T, Baxter BT, Xiong W. Enhanced Notch3 signaling contributes to pulmonary emphysema in a Murine Model of Marfan syndrome. Sci Rep 2020; 10:10949. [PMID: 32616814 PMCID: PMC7331498 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67941-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Marfan syndrome (MFS) is a heritable disorder of connective tissue, caused by mutations in the fibrillin-1 gene. Pulmonary functional abnormalities, such as emphysema and restrictive lung diseases, are frequently observed in patients with MFS. However, the pathogenesis and molecular mechanism of pulmonary involvement in MFS patients are underexplored. Notch signaling is essential for lung development and the airway epithelium regeneration and repair. Therefore, we investigated whether Notch3 signaling plays a role in pulmonary emphysema in MFS. By using a murine model of MFS, fibrillin-1 hypomorphic mgR mice, we found pulmonary emphysematous-appearing alveolar patterns in the lungs of mgR mice. The septation in terminal alveoli of lungs in mgR mice was reduced compared to wild type controls in the early lung development. These changes were associated with increased Notch3 activation. To confirm that the increased Notch3 signaling in mgR mice was responsible for structure alterations in the lungs, mice were treated with N-[N-(3,5-difluorophenacetyl)-L-alanyl]-S-phenylglucine t-butyl ester (DAPT), a γ-secretase inhibitor, which inhibits Notch signaling. DAPT treatment reduced lung cell apoptosis and attenuated pulmonary alteration in mice with MFS. This study indicates that Notch3 signaling contributes to pulmonary emphysema in mgR mice. Our results may have the potential to lead to novel strategies to prevent and treat pulmonary manifestations in patients with MFS.
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Madissoon E, Wilbrey-Clark A, Miragaia RJ, Saeb-Parsy K, Mahbubani KT, Georgakopoulos N, Harding P, Polanski K, Huang N, Nowicki-Osuch K, Fitzgerald RC, Loudon KW, Ferdinand JR, Clatworthy MR, Tsingene A, van Dongen S, Dabrowska M, Patel M, Stubbington MJT, Teichmann SA, Stegle O, Meyer KB. scRNA-seq assessment of the human lung, spleen, and esophagus tissue stability after cold preservation. Genome Biol 2019; 21:1. [PMID: 31892341 PMCID: PMC6937944 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-019-1906-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 251] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Human Cell Atlas is a large international collaborative effort to map all cell types of the human body. Single-cell RNA sequencing can generate high-quality data for the delivery of such an atlas. However, delays between fresh sample collection and processing may lead to poor data and difficulties in experimental design. RESULTS This study assesses the effect of cold storage on fresh healthy spleen, esophagus, and lung from ≥ 5 donors over 72 h. We collect 240,000 high-quality single-cell transcriptomes with detailed cell type annotations and whole genome sequences of donors, enabling future eQTL studies. Our data provide a valuable resource for the study of these 3 organs and will allow cross-organ comparison of cell types. We see little effect of cold ischemic time on cell yield, total number of reads per cell, and other quality control metrics in any of the tissues within the first 24 h. However, we observe a decrease in the proportions of lung T cells at 72 h, higher percentage of mitochondrial reads, and increased contamination by background ambient RNA reads in the 72-h samples in the spleen, which is cell type specific. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, we present robust protocols for tissue preservation for up to 24 h prior to scRNA-seq analysis. This greatly facilitates the logistics of sample collection for Human Cell Atlas or clinical studies since it increases the time frames for sample processing.
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Harding P, Cartwright K, Sferrella A. A369 Cellular reprogramming of human primary adipocytes into brown adipose tissue (BAT)-like cells results in enhanced glycolysis. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2019.08.310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Dale M, Fitzgerald MP, Liu Z, Meisinger T, Karpisek A, Purcell LN, Carson JS, Harding P, Lang H, Koutakis P, Suh M, Batra R, Mietus CJ, Casale G, Pipinos I, Baxter BT, Xiong W. Correction: Premature aortic smooth muscle cell differentiation contributes to matrix dysregulation in Marfan Syndrome. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0200985. [PMID: 30011334 PMCID: PMC6047826 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0200985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Dale M, Fitzgerald MP, Liu Z, Meisinger T, Karpisek A, Purcell LN, Carson JS, Harding P, Lang H, Koutakis P, Batra R, Mietus CJ, Casale G, Pipinos I, Baxter BT, Xiong W. Premature aortic smooth muscle cell differentiation contributes to matrix dysregulation in Marfan Syndrome. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0186603. [PMID: 29040313 PMCID: PMC5645122 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection are life-threatening complications of Marfan syndrome (MFS). Studies of human and mouse aortic samples from late stage MFS demonstrate increased TGF-β activation/signaling and diffuse matrix changes. However, the role of the aortic smooth muscle cell (SMC) phenotype in early aneurysm formation in MFS has yet to be fully elucidated. As our objective, we investigated whether an altered aortic SMC phenotype plays a role in aneurysm formation in MFS. We describe previously unrecognized concordant findings in the aortas of a murine model of MFS, mgR, during a critical and dynamic phase of early development. Using Western blot, gelatin zymography, and histological analysis, we demonstrated that at postnatal day (PD) 7, before aortic TGF-β levels are increased, there is elastic fiber fragmentation/disorganization and increased levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9. Compared to wild type (WT) littermates, aortic SMCs in mgR mice express higher levels of contractile proteins suggesting a switch to a more mature contractile phenotype. In addition, tropoelastin levels are decreased in mgR mice, a finding consistent with a premature switch to a contractile phenotype. Proliferation assays indicate a decrease in the proliferation rate of mgR cultured SMCs compared to WT SMCs. KLF4, a regulator of smooth muscle cell phenotype, was decreased in aortic tissue of mgR mice. Finally, overexpression of KLF4 partially reversed this phenotypic change in the Marfan SMCs. This study indicates that an early phenotypic switch appears to be associated with initiation of important metabolic changes in SMCs that contribute to subsequent pathology in MFS.
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Agwu AL, Warshaw MG, McFarland EJ, Siberry GK, Melvin AJ, Wiznia AA, Fairlie L, Boyd S, Harding P, Spiegel HML, Abrams EJ, Carey VJ. Decline in CD4 T lymphocytes with monotherapy bridging strategy for non-adherent adolescents living with HIV infection: Results of the IMPAACT P1094 randomized trial. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0178075. [PMID: 28604824 PMCID: PMC5467803 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Management of persistently non-adherent youth living with HIV (YLHIV) with virologic failure (VF) on combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) remains challenging. One strategy has been using 3TC/ FTC monotherapy (3TC/FTC), which in the presence of the M184V resistance mutation, does not suppress viral replication nor select for additional drug resistance mutations, and reduces viral fitness with limited side effects. P1094 compared the immunologic outcome of continuing failing cART vs. switching to 3TC/FTC as a "bridging strategy" to subsequent suppressive cART for non-adherent YLHIV with pre-existing M184V resistance. MATERIALS & METHODS Participants with documented nonadherence, M184V mutation, CD4+ T cell count ≥100 cells/mm3 and VF (HIV-1 plasma RNA ≥400 copies/mL (2.6 log10 HIV-1 RNA) were enrolled and randomized to continue failing cART vs. switch to 3TC/FTC. The primary endpoint (time to ≥30% CD4+ T cell decline or development of CDC class C events) at 28-weeks were assessed by Kaplan-Meier (K-M) curves in an intent-to-treat analysis. RESULTS Thirty-three perinatally acquired YLHIV participants (16 continuing cART and 17 3TC/FTC) enrolled in the study. The median age, entry CD4+ T cell count, and viral load were 15 years (Inter-quartile range (IQR) 14-20), 472 cells/mm3 (IQR 384-651), and 4.0 log10HIV-1 RNA copies/ml (IQR 3.2-4.5), respectively. Five participants, all in the 3TC/FTC arm, reached the primary endpoint for absolute CD4+ T cell decline (p = 0.02, exact log-rank test comparing monotherapy to cART). The Kaplan-Meier estimate of probability of primary endpoint on 3TC/FTC at 28 weeks was 0.41 (standard error 0.14). There were no CDC class C events or deaths and no statistically significant difference in frequencies of adverse events between the arms. CONCLUSIONS Non-adherent participants randomized to 3TC/FTC were more likely than those maintained on failing cART to experience a confirmed decline in CD4+ count of ≥30%. Although this study suffers from limitations of small sample size and premature discontinuation, the randomized comparison to continuing failing cART indicates that 3TC/FTC provides inferior protection from immunologic deterioration for non-adherent youth with M184V resistance. Better alternatives to 3TC/FTC such as ART with higher barriers to resistance and novel adherence and treatment strategies for nonadherent youth are urgently needed. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinical Trials.gov NCT01338025.
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Otsa K, Talli S, Harding P, Parsik E, Esko M, Teepere A, Tammaru M. Prevalence and incidence of systemic lupus erythematosus in the adult population of Estonia. Lupus 2017; 26:1115-1120. [PMID: 28059020 DOI: 10.1177/0961203316686705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Studies have demonstrated considerable variability in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) incidence and prevalence estimates. Lack of reliable epidemiological data may hinder evidence-based health care planning. The aim of the present study was to estimate the prevalence and incidence of SLE in the Estonian adult population. The SLE billing cases were extracted from the Estonian Health Insurance Fund database 2006-2010 and verified using health care providers' databases. The patients' life status data for January 1, 2011, were retrieved from the Estonian Population Register. The calculations for the estimates' lower limits were based on verified cases only; the upper limits calculations also accounted for the billing cases for which clinical data were unavailable. The period prevalence of SLE was between 39 and 48 per 100,000 and incidence rate between 1.5 and 1.8 per 100,000 person-years. The point prevalence on January 1, 2011, was between 37 and 40 per 100,000. The estimates are comparable with internationally published figures and can be used to enhance evidence-based health care planning. The high percentage of billing cases that could not be verified using clinical data supports the argument that epidemiological studies based solely on administrative databases are usually of low reliability.
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Mcfarland E, Buchholz U, Muresan P, Cunningham CK, Luongo C, Thumar B, Collins P, Perlowski C, Schappell E, Gnanashanmugam D, Siberry G, Rexroad V, Barr E, Harding P, Karron R. High Infectivity of Recombinant Live-Attenuated Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccine (RSV LID ΔM2-2) in Infants and Children. Open Forum Infect Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofv133.1471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Alam S, Albareti FD, Prieto CA, Anders F, Anderson SF, Anderton T, Andrews BH, Armengaud E, Aubourg É, Bailey S, Basu S, Bautista JE, Beaton RL, Beers TC, Bender CF, Berlind AA, Beutler F, Bhardwaj V, Bird JC, Bizyaev D, Blake CH, Blanton MR, Blomqvist M, Bochanski JJ, Bolton AS, Bovy J, Bradley AS, Brandt WN, Brauer DE, Brinkmann J, Brown PJ, Brownstein JR, Burden A, Burtin E, Busca NG, Cai Z, Capozzi D, Rosell AC, Carr MA, Carrera R, Chambers KC, Chaplin WJ, Chen YC, Chiappini C, Chojnowski SD, Chuang CH, Clerc N, Comparat J, Covey K, Croft RAC, Cuesta AJ, Cunha K, Costa LND, Rio ND, Davenport JRA, Dawson KS, Lee ND, Delubac T, Deshpande R, Dhital S, Dutra-Ferreira L, Dwelly T, Ealet A, Ebelke GL, Edmondson EM, Eisenstein DJ, Ellsworth T, Elsworth Y, Epstein CR, Eracleous M, Escoffier S, Esposito M, Evans ML, Fan X, Fernández-Alvar E, Feuillet D, Ak NF, Finley H, Finoguenov A, Flaherty K, Fleming SW, Font-Ribera A, Foster J, Frinchaboy PM, Galbraith-Frew JG, García RA, García-Hernández DA, Pérez AEG, Gaulme P, Ge J, Génova-Santos R, Georgakakis A, Ghezzi L, Gillespie BA, Girardi L, Goddard D, Gontcho SGA, Hernández JIG, Grebel EK, Green PJ, Grieb JN, Grieves N, Gunn JE, Guo H, Harding P, Hasselquist S, Hawley SL, Hayden M, Hearty FR, Hekker S, Ho S, Hogg DW, Holley-Bockelmann K, Holtzman JA, Honscheid K, Huber D, Huehnerhoff J, Ivans II, Jiang L, Johnson JA, Kinemuchi K, Kirkby D, Kitaura F, Klaene MA, Knapp GR, Kneib JP, Koenig XP, Lam CR, Lan TW, Lang D, Laurent P, Goff JML, Leauthaud A, Lee KG, Lee YS, Licquia TC, Liu J, Long DC, López-Corredoira M, Lorenzo-Oliveira D, Lucatello S, Lundgren B, Lupton RH, III CEM, Mahadevan S, Maia MAG, Majewski SR, Malanushenko E, Malanushenko V, Manchado A, Manera M, Mao Q, Maraston C, Marchwinski RC, Margala D, Martell SL, Martig M, Masters KL, Mathur S, McBride CK, McGehee PM, McGreer ID, McMahon RG, Ménard B, Menzel ML, Merloni A, Mészáros S, Miller AA, Miralda-Escudé J, Miyatake H, Montero-Dorta AD, More S, Morganson E, Morice-Atkinson X, Morrison HL, Mosser B, Muna D, Myers AD, Nandra K, Newman JA, Neyrinck M, Nguyen DC, Nichol RC, Nidever DL, Noterdaeme P, Nuza SE, O’Connell JE, O’Connell RW, O’Connell R, Ogando RLC, Olmstead MD, Oravetz AE, Oravetz DJ, Osumi K, Owen R, Padgett DL, Padmanabhan N, Paegert M, Palanque-Delabrouille N, Pan K, Parejko JK, Pâris I, Park C, Pattarakijwanich P, Pellejero-Ibanez M, Pepper J, Percival WJ, Pérez-Fournon I, Pe´rez-Ra`fols I, Petitjean P, Pieri MM, Pinsonneault MH, Mello GFPD, Prada F, Prakash A, Price-Whelan AM, Protopapas P, Raddick MJ, Rahman M, Reid BA, Rich J, Rix HW, Robin AC, Rockosi CM, Rodrigues TS, Rodríguez-Torres S, Roe NA, Ross AJ, Ross NP, Rossi G, Ruan JJ, Rubiño-Martín JA, Rykoff ES, Salazar-Albornoz S, Salvato M, Samushia L, Sánchez AG, Santiago B, Sayres C, Schiavon RP, Schlegel DJ, Schmidt SJ, Schneider DP, Schultheis M, Schwope AD, Scóccola CG, Scott C, Sellgren K, Seo HJ, Serenelli A, Shane N, Shen Y, Shetrone M, Shu Y, Aguirre VS, Sivarani T, Skrutskie MF, Slosar A, Smith VV, Sobreira F, Souto D, Stassun KG, Steinmetz M, Stello D, Strauss MA, Streblyanska A, Suzuki N, Swanson MEC, Tan JC, Tayar J, Terrien RC, Thakar AR, Thomas D, Thomas N, Thompson BA, Tinker JL, Tojeiro R, Troup NW, Vargas-Magaña M, Vazquez JA, Verde L, Viel M, Vogt NP, Wake DA, Wang J, Weaver BA, Weinberg DH, Weiner BJ, White M, Wilson JC, Wisniewski JP, Wood-Vasey WM, Ye`che C, York DG, Zakamska NL, Zamora O, Zasowski G, Zehavi I, Zhao GB, Zheng Z, Zhou (周旭) X, Zhou (周志民) Z, Zou (邹虎) H, Zhu G. THE ELEVENTH AND TWELFTH DATA RELEASES OF THE SLOAN DIGITAL SKY SURVEY: FINAL DATA FROM SDSS-III. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1088/0067-0049/219/1/12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1609] [Impact Index Per Article: 178.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Lindsay C, Helliwell B, Harding P, Hicklin D, Ispoglou S, Sturman S, Pandyan A. A prospective observational study investigating the time course of arm recovery and the development of spasticity and contractures following stroke. Physiotherapy 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physio.2015.03.1721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Harding P, Holland A, Hinman R, Delany C. Hip and knee arthroplasty surgery does not change physical activity. J Sci Med Sport 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2013.10.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Borkowsky W, McFarland EJ, Yogev R, Li Y, Harding P. Correlation of HIV-specific immunity, viral control, and diversification following planned multiple exposures to autologous HIV in a pediatric population. CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY : CVI 2011; 18:1628-31. [PMID: 21813662 PMCID: PMC3187040 DOI: 10.1128/cvi.05176-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2011] [Accepted: 07/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Repeated controlled exposure to autologous virus was previously shown to result in increased CD8 T lymphocyte response to HIV antigens and accompanying reduction in viremia. We attempted to see if this immunity contributed to virologic control by correlating the immune response with quasispecies envelope diversification, an indicator of immune selection. The greatest diversification was seen in those with the greatest reduction in viremia but was unrelated to the frequency of Env-specific gamma interferon-producing cells. There was a trend toward correlation between the response to multiple HIV antigens and diversification.
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Witcher BJ, Sum Chau V, Harding P. Dynamic capabilities: top executive audits andhoshin kanriat Nissan South Africa. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OPERATIONS & PRODUCTION MANAGEMENT 2008. [DOI: 10.1108/01443570810875359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Borkowsky W, Yogev R, Muresan P, McFarland E, Frenkel L, Fenton T, Capparelli E, Moye J, Harding P, Ellis N, Heckman B, Kraimer J. Planned multiple exposures to autologous virus in HIV type 1-infected pediatric populations increases HIV-specific immunity and reduces HIV viremia. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2008; 24:401-11. [PMID: 18327977 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2007.0110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We tested to determine if planned multiple exposures to autologous HIV in pediatric patients with HIV-1 infection will induce cellular immunity that controls viremia. A prospective multicenter study of aviremic pediatric patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy who underwent progressively longer antiretroviral treatment interruptions in cycles starting with 3 days, increasing by 2 days in length each consecutive cycle, was conducted. Eight individuals became viremic and reached Cycle 13 or greater with an "off-therapy" interval of >or=27 days. HIV-specific interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) production to inactivated HIV and vaccinia vectors expressing gag, env, nef, and pol increased (>10-fold) from baseline in six of eight subjects. The HIV-specific lymphoproliferative response as measured by the median stimulation index (SI) increased in the treatment group from 1 at baseline to 16, 12, 4, and 3 at Cycles 7, 10, 13, and 17, respectively. Median plasma RNA levels peaked at Cycle 7 (4.45 log) and declined to levels <10(4) cp/ml after Cycle 10 (4.1, 3.5, and 3.4 at Cycles 10, 13, and 17). In a subset of five patients who reached Cycle 17, HIV-specific IFN-gamma frequencies were 4- to 30-fold higher and median RNA levels were 0.32-2.10 (median 1.3) log lower than at comparable days off treatment at Cycle 8 (17 days off therapy). A second group of children, not undergoing drug interruption, did not develop significant increases in either HIV-specific IFN-gamma production or SI. Increased HIV-specific immune responses and decreased HIV RNA were seen in those children who have had >10 cycles of antiretroviral discontinuations of increasing durations acting as autologous virus vaccinations. Other studies may have failed due to an insufficient number of exposures to HIV; most of the studies had fewer than six drug interruptions.
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Borkowsky W, Yogev R, Muresan P, McFarland E, Frenkel L, Fenton T, Capparelli E, Moye J, Harding P, Ellis N, Heckman B, Kraimer J. Structured treatment interruptions (STIs) in HIV-1 infected pediatric populations increases interferon gamma production and reduces viremia. Vaccine 2008; 26:3086-9. [PMID: 18472197 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2007.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2007] [Accepted: 12/05/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We assessed the effect of progressively longer antiretroviral structured treatment interruptions (STIs) starting with 3 days, increasing by 2 days in length each cycle on HIV-specific immune responses. As well, we correlated these responses with control of HIV viremia. Eight individuals became viremic and reached cycle 13 with an STI of > or =27 days. HIV-specific gamma-interferon production to inactivated HIV and vaccinia vectors expressing gag, env, nef, and pol increased (>10-fold) in six of eight subjects. Median plasma RNA levels peaked @ cycle 7 and declined to levels <10(4)cp/ml after cycle 10. In a subset of five who reached cycle 17, HIV-specific IFN-gamma frequencies increased from cycle 8 to cycle 17 with evidence of improved virologic control over comparable periods off antiretroviral therapy. This allowed us to conclude that exposure to autologous virus increased HIV-specific immune responses and decreased HIV RNA were seen in those who have had >13 interruptions, with STI intervals that exceeded 27 days.
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de Vries M, Rodenburg R, Moraval E, van Kaauwen E, Ter Laak H, Mullaart R, Snoeck I, van Hasselt P, Harding P, van den Heuvel L, Smeitink J. Multiple oxidative phosphorylation deficiencies in severe childhood multi-system disorders due to polymerase γ (POLG) mutations. Mitochondrion 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2006.08.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Harding P, Balasubramanian L, Swegan J, Stevens A, Glass WF. Transforming growth factor beta regulates cyclooxygenase-2 in glomerular mesangial cells. Kidney Int 2006; 69:1578-85. [PMID: 16572115 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ki.5000323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
This study examines the hypothesis that transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) regulates cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and induces prostaglandin E synthase (mPGES-1) in rat mesangial cells. COX-2 expression was determined by Northern blot analysis after treatment with either TGFbeta1 or the selective COX-2 inhibitor, NS398. mPGES-1 expression was determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction. The effect of TGFbeta1 on COX-2 gene transcription was assessed using a luciferase reporter assay, and mRNA stability was also determined. To determine whether TGFbeta1 activates elements of the COX-2 promoter, we performed gel shift analyses to examine activation of activator protein-1 (AP-1) and nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB). Prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) and thromboxane B2 (TxB2) production was assayed by enzyme immunoassay. Finally, the pathophysiological relevance of COX-2 inhibition on the downstream effects of TGFbeta was assessed by examining collagen type I mRNA and net collagen production. COX-2 mRNA and mPGES-1 were induced after treatment with TGFbeta1 for 4 h, and this rise was accompanied by a three-fold increase in PGE(2) production that could be antagonized by selective inhibition of COX-2 with NS398. TGFbeta1 increased transcription by approximately 50% and activated both AP-1 and NF-kappaB. These effects were antagonized by co-treatment with NS398. Treatment with TGFbeta1 also doubled the half-life of COX-2 mRNA. Neither collagen type I mRNA nor net collagen production were altered by co-treatment with NS398. In conclusion, these results indicate that TGFbeta stimulates COX-2 and mPGES-1, with additional effects on transcription and stability of COX-2 mRNA.
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Pietzsch ME, Medlock JM, Jones L, Avenell D, Abbott J, Harding P, Leach S. Distribution of Ixodes ricinus in the British Isles: investigation of historical records. MEDICAL AND VETERINARY ENTOMOLOGY 2005; 19:306-14. [PMID: 16134979 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2915.2005.00575.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Ixodes ricinus Linnaeus (Acari: Ixodidae) is the most abundant and widely distributed tick in the British Isles, and is a vector for a number of bacterial, viral and protozoal pathogens of both medical and veterinary importance. This report provides an update to the historical distribution data of I. ricinus, published by the Biological Records Centre (BRC), Monks Wood in The Provisional Atlas of the Ticks (Ixodidae) of the British Isles by K. P. Martyn (1988), and is supplemented with additional BRC records since 1988, additional data from published scientific literature and unpublished field studies, and enhanced with spatial and temporal information on tick stages collected and their host associations. Records have been mapped at 10 km resolution and enhanced to 5 km, 1 km and 0.1 km. Differentiation between records representing one-off collections from those representing populations of I. ricinus has been achieved through the classification of the records into either reported or established populations. Detailed seasonality and host associations of records are investigated, highlighting the value in obtaining additional detailed contemporary data to aid risk assessments and research within this field.
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Enoch S, Williams D, Price P, Harding P. Randomized clinical trial and economic analysis of four-layer compression bandaging for venous ulcers (Br J Surg 2003; 90: 794-798). Br J Surg 2003; 90:1307. [PMID: 14515310 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.4424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Harding P. Cyril. West J Med 2003. [DOI: 10.1136/bmj.327.7415.609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Preston DM, Torréns JI, Harding P, Howard RS, Duncan WE, McLeod DG. Androgen deprivation in men with prostate cancer is associated with an increased rate of bone loss. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2003; 5:304-10. [PMID: 12627216 DOI: 10.1038/sj.pcan.4500599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2002] [Revised: 04/21/2002] [Accepted: 04/25/2002] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this work was to determine the effect of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) on rates of bone mineral density (BMD) loss in men with prostate cancer. It was a prospective study comparing men receiving ADT to age matched controls for 2 y. Subjects received a history, physical exam, bone mineral density measurement, and laboratory evaluation every 6 months. Thirty-nine subjects receiving continuous ADT for prostate cancer (subjects) were compared to 39 age-matched controls not receiving ADT (controls). Twenty-three subjects and 30 controls completed the study through 24 months. Men in the ADT group demonstrated greater rates of bone mineral density loss than men in the control group at every site except the lumbar spine. Twenty-four month per cent of bone mineral density loss is presented as mean+/-standard error (s.e.). At the distal forearm, the ADT group value was -9.4%+/-1.0% and -4.4%+/-0.3% for controls (P<0.0005). The ADT group femoral neck values were -1.9%+/-0.7% and 0.6%+/-0.5% in the control group (P=0.0016). The ADT group total hip value was -1.5%+/-1.0% and 0.8%+/-0.5% in the control group (P=0.0018). The ADT group trochanter value was -2.0%+/-1.3% and -0.1%+/-0.5% in the control group (P=0.0019). The ADT group lumbar spine value was -0.2%+/-0.8 % and 1.1%+/-0.6% in the control group (P=0.079). Our data demonstrate greater rates of bone mineral density loss in men receiving androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer.
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Warren MS, Hill JK, Thomas JA, Asher J, Fox R, Huntley B, Roy DB, Telfer MG, Jeffcoate S, Harding P, Jeffcoate G, Willis SG, Greatorex-Davies JN, Moss D, Thomas CD. Rapid responses of British butterflies to opposing forces of climate and habitat change. Nature 2001; 414:65-9. [PMID: 11689943 DOI: 10.1038/35102054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 966] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Habitat degradation and climate change are thought to be altering the distributions and abundances of animals and plants throughout the world, but their combined impacts have not been assessed for any species assemblage. Here we evaluated changes in the distribution sizes and abundances of 46 species of butterflies that approach their northern climatic range margins in Britain-where changes in climate and habitat are opposing forces. These insects might be expected to have responded positively to climate warming over the past 30 years, yet three-quarters of them declined: negative responses to habitat loss have outweighed positive responses to climate warming. Half of the species that were mobile and habitat generalists increased their distribution sites over this period (consistent with a climate explanation), whereas the other generalists and 89% of the habitat specialists declined in distribution size (consistent with habitat limitation). Changes in population abundances closely matched changes in distributions. The dual forces of habitat modification and climate change are likely to cause specialists to decline, leaving biological communities with reduced numbers of species and dominated by mobile and widespread habitat generalists.
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