501
|
Jiang Q, Takemori AE, Sultana M, Portoghese PS, Bowen WD, Mosberg HI, Porreca F. Differential antagonism of opioid delta antinociception by [D-Ala2,Leu5,Cys6]enkephalin and naltrindole 5'-isothiocyanate: evidence for delta receptor subtypes. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1991; 257:1069-75. [PMID: 1646319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study has investigated the direct opioid delta receptor-mediated antinociception produced by i.c.v. administration of the highly selective delta agonists, [D-Pen2,D-Pen5]enkephalin (DPDPE) and [D-Ala2]deltorphin II, as well as that of the less delta-selective [D-Ser2,Leu5,Thr6]enkephalin (DSLET), by using two novel nonequilibrium opioid antagonists, [D-Ala2,Leu5,Cys6] enkephalin (DALCE) and naltrindole 5'-isothiocyanate (5'-NTII). At times ranging from 8 to 48 hr after a single i.c.v. pretreatment of mice with 5'-NTII, the antinociceptive effects of [D-Ala2] deltorphin II were significantly antagonized. In contrast, 5'-NTII pretreatment at times between 10 min and 24 hr failed to antagonize the antinociceptive effects of DPDPE. Previous studies have shown that pretreatment with i.c.v. DALCE produces a dose- and time-related antagonism of DPDPE, but not morphine, antinociception. However, pretreatment with i.c.v. DALCE failed to antagonize the antinociceptive effects of [D-Ala2]deltorphin II. Similarly, i.c.v. administration of DSLET produced time- and dose-related antinociception which was partially antagonized by either beta-funaltrexamine (beta-FNA) or by ICI 174,864 (N,N-dialyl-Tyr-Aib-Aib-Phe-Leu-OH), suggesting mixed activity at mu and delta receptors. ICI 174,864 produced essentially complete antagonism of DSLET antinociception in beta-FNA-pretreated mice. Pretreatment with 5'-NTII (at -8 to -48 hr), blocked the antinociception produced by DSLET in control or in beta-FNA-pretreated mice. In contrast, pretreatment with DALCE failed to antagonize the antinociception produced by i.c.v. DSLET in either control or in beta-FNA-pretreated mice.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Analgesics/antagonists & inhibitors
- Animals
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-
- Enkephalin, Leucine/analogs & derivatives
- Enkephalin, Leucine/antagonists & inhibitors
- Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine/analogs & derivatives
- Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine/pharmacology
- Enkephalins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Injections, Intraventricular
- Isothiocyanates
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred ICR
- Morphinans/pharmacology
- Naltrexone/analogs & derivatives
- Narcotic Antagonists
- Oligopeptides/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid/classification
- Receptors, Opioid/drug effects
- Receptors, Opioid, delta
- Thiocyanates/pharmacology
Collapse
|
502
|
Rothman RB, Bykov V, Mahboubi A, Long JB, Jiang Q, Porreca F, de Costa BR, Jacobson AE, Rice KC, Holaday JW. Interaction of beta-funaltrexamine with [3H]cycloFOXY binding in rat brain: further evidence that beta-FNA alkylates the opioid receptor complex. Synapse 1991; 8:86-99. [PMID: 1652797 DOI: 10.1002/syn.890080203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
beta-Funaltrexamine (beta-FNA) is an alkylating derivative of naltrexone. In addition to acting as an irreversible inhibitor of mu-receptor-mediated physiological effects, intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration of beta-FNA to rat attenuates the ability of selective delta receptor antagonists and naloxone to reverse delta receptor-mediated effects. Moreover, recent work demonstrated that i.c.v. administration of beta-FNA alters the conformation of the opioid receptor complex, as inferred by a decrease in the Bmax of the lower affinity [3H][D-ala2,D-leu5]enkephalin binding site. Consistent with the decreased potency of naloxone as an inhibitor of delta receptor mediated effects, beta-FNA doubled the naloxone IC50 for displacing [3H][D-ala2,D-leu5]enkephalin from its lower affinity binding site. These data collectively support the hypothesis that the opioid receptor complex postulated to mediate mu-delta interactions in vivo is identical to the opioid receptor complex as defined by vitro ligand binding studies. A direct prediction of this hypothesis is that beta-FNA should increase the Kd of antagonists for the mu binding site (mu cx) of the receptor complex. The data reported in this paper demonstrate that beta-FNA doubled the IC50 of the potent narcotic antagonist, 6-desoxy-6 beta-fluoronaltrexone (cycloFOXY) for displacing [3H][D-ala2,D-leu5]enkephalin from its lower affinity binding site, and doubled the Kd of [3H]cycloFOXY for its mu binding site, providing additional data that the mu binding site labeled by [3H]cycloFOXY is the mu binding site of the opioid receptor complex. beta-FNA also altered the kappa binding site labeled by [3H]cycloFOXY, and when administered intrathecally to mice, beta-FNA produced a longlasting antinociception in the acetic acid writhing test.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Alkylating Agents/pharmacology
- Alkylation
- Analgesics
- Animals
- Brain/drug effects
- Brain/metabolism
- Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine/metabolism
- Injections, Intraventricular
- Kinetics
- Ligands
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred ICR
- Naltrexone/analogs & derivatives
- Naltrexone/metabolism
- Naltrexone/pharmacology
- Rats
- Rats, Inbred Strains
- Receptors, Opioid/drug effects
- Receptors, Opioid/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid, delta
- Receptors, Opioid, kappa
- Surface Properties
Collapse
|
503
|
Jiang Q, Koldovsky O, Bedrick A, Pollack P, Porreca F. Bombesin differentially affects gastric emptying in suckling, weanling and adult rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1991; 257:603-7. [PMID: 2033507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The gastric effect of bombesin, a homolog of the mammalian peptide found in breast milk, was studied in suckling, weanling and adult rats (11, 30 and 90 days old, respectively). Control gastric emptying was not different in the three age groups. When bombesin was given orogastrically in a saline vehicle, 30 min before a nonabsorbable radiolabeled marker (used to assess gastric emptying), a significant and dose-related inhibitory effect was observed in sucklings. In contrast to the data with orogastric peptide in saline, when bombesin was given orogastrically in rat milk 30 min before the marker, there was no effect on gastric emptying in sucklings. Inhibition of gastric emptying was again demonstrated in the sucklings when bombesin (0.6-30 micrograms) was given with an artificial rat milk substitute 30 min before the marker. In contrast, orogastric bombesin in rat milk or rat milk substitute had no effect on gastric emptying in weanlings or adults. While s.c. bombesin in saline did not alter gastric emptying in sucklings, s.c. administration of the peptide produced a significant and dose-related increase in gastric emptying in both weanlings and adults. These results support the concept that milk-borne peptides, such as gastrin releasing peptide, may be involved in regulation of gastric function in suckling rats.
Collapse
|
504
|
Jiang Q, Li Z. Surface thermodynamic properties of a semi-infinite Ising ferromagnet in the presence of a surface transverse field. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1991; 43:6198-6201. [PMID: 9998037 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.43.6198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
|
505
|
Jiang Q. [Studies on chromosome aberrations and dyshemopoiesis in myelodysplastic syndromes]. ZHONGGUO YI XUE KE XUE YUAN XUE BAO. ACTA ACADEMIAE MEDICINAE SINICAE 1990; 12:341-7. [PMID: 2151690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
G banding chromosome analysis of bone marrow cells from 51 cases of MDS, including 34 cases of RA, 4 cases of RAS, and 13 cases of RAEB, was carried out using a short term culture method. The morphological abnormalities of dyspoiesis of 46 patients were studied and correlated with chromosomal changes. The results were as follows: Forty-nine percent of the cases had abnormal karyotypes. The frequency of clonal abnormalities was 36.8 percent in RA and RAS, and 84.6 percent in BAEB. The most important aberrations were +8 in 7, HSR in 2, and "spontaneous" PCC in 6 cases. The latter 2 abnormalities had rarely been reported in the literature. Other findings included 1p+, dup (1) (q25q44), -2, 4p+, -5, 5q-, +8p, -12, 12p+, 12q-, -14, 14q+, t (1; 14), -15, +/-16, +/-17, -18, +19, +20, 20q-, +/-21, +/-22, -X, -Y, +Mar, etc. The study also showed a close relation between chromosome aberrations and dyspoiesis. +8 patients tended to have a high percentage of micronuclei in their erythroblasts, and their dyspoiesis usually involved three cell lineages. Patients with PCC were found to have more polyploid metaphases (in cytogenetic studies) and more multinuclear cells (in bone marrow aspirate slides). The results of our study revealed that the more severe dyspoiesis is, the higher the frequency of chromosome aberrations. We consider chromosome abnormalities to play an important role in the pathogenesis of MDS, with cell fusion being involved as well.
Collapse
|
506
|
Jiang Q, Mosberg HI, Porreca F. Selective modulation of morphine antinociception, but not development of tolerance, by delta receptor agonists. Eur J Pharmacol 1990; 186:137-41. [PMID: 2178093 DOI: 10.1016/0014-2999(90)94071-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Co-administration of delta opioid agonists at doses which do not produce measurable antinociception were demonstrated to produce an increase in the antinociceptive potency of morphine in the mouse tail-flick test. In contrast, co-administration of equi-antinociceptive combinations of a delta agonist plus morphine for three days resulted in the development of less tolerance to morphine antinociceptive actions. The data indicate that while acute antinociceptive effects of opioid mu agonists are modulated by delta agonists, the development of antinociceptive tolerance is not.
Collapse
|
507
|
Dai ST, Jiang Q, Li ZY. Spin-1 and mixed-spin Ising model in a transverse field. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1990; 42:2597-2599. [PMID: 9995724 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.42.2597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
508
|
Chan JS, Chan AH, Jiang Q, Nie ZR, LaChance S, Carrière S. Molecular cloning and expression of the rat angiotensinogen gene. Pediatr Nephrol 1990; 4:429-35. [PMID: 2206913 DOI: 10.1007/bf00862531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
To identify tissue- and hormonal-specific DNA control cis-elements in the rat gene, we have constructed fusion genes consisting of various lengths of the 5'-flanking region of the rat angiotensinogen gene linked to a human growth hormone (hGH) reporter gene and have introduced them into a subclone of rat pancreatic islet tumor cell line (1056A) which expresses the highest level of angiotensinogen mRNA. As a negative control, we have also introduced them into a human choriocarcinoma cell line (JEG-3), which does not express the endogenous angiotensinogen gene. The level of the expression of these fusion genes in these cells was determined by the level of immunoreactive hGH secreted into the culture medium. The expression of angiotensinogen-growth hormone (ANG-GH) fusion genes, pOGH (ANG N-1498/+18), pOGH (ANG N-688/+18), pOGH (ANG N-110/+18), pOGH (ANG N-53/+18), and pOGH (ANG N-35/+18) was 1.0, 1.8, 1.5, 12.0 and 3.0-fold higher, respectively, than the promoterless growth hormone expression vector (pOGH). The addition of dexamethasone (10(-6) M), aldosterone (10(-5) M), and thyroid hormone, L-T3 (10(-7) M), stimulated the expression of pOGH (ANG N-1498/+18) by 4.0-, 2.5-, and 2.0-fold above the control level, respectively. Combination of dexamethasone (10(-6) M), L-T3 (10(-7) M), and ethinyl-estradiol (10(-6) M) stimulated the expression of the pOGH (ANG N-1498/+18) to greater than 10-fold over the control. Ethinyl-estradiol (10(-6) M) or progesterone (10(-6) M) alone had no effect on the expression of the pOGH (ANG N-1498/+18).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Collapse
|
509
|
Jiang Q, Sheldon RJ, Porreca F. Opioid modulation of basal intestinal fluid transport in the mouse: actions at central, but not intestinal, sites. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1990; 253:784-90. [PMID: 2160010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Central and peripheral sites of opioid action on net basal fluid transport were studied in loops of jejunum in urethane-anesthetized mice. Intracerebroventricular administration of morphine, [D-Ala2, N-MePhe4, Gly-ol]enkephalin (DAMGO), D-Pen2, D-Pen5] enkephalin (DPDPE) or U50,488H produced dose-related increases in net basal intestinal absorption. Intracerebroventricular DAMGO was approximately 2.6, 1278 and 2674 times more potent than morphine, DPDPE and U50,488H, respectively. The increase in net basal fluid absorption mediated by i.c.v. administration of all these compounds, except DPDPE, was antagonized in a dose-related manner by coadministration of i.c.v. naloxone, an opioid antagonist which did not produce any effects when given alone. Neither the increase in net basal fluid absorption produced by DPDPE nor the fluid transport effects produced by the other agonists tested was antagonized by the delta antagonist, N,N-diallyl-Tyr-alpha-aminoisobutyric acid [( Aib]-Aib-Phe-Leu-OH) and no effects were observed with this delta antagonist alone. Intracerebroventricular administration of beta-funaltrexamine (18.8 nmol, 4 hr before testing) blocked the i.c.v. effects of DAMGO, but not those of U50,488H. In contrast to the effects seen following i.c.v. administration of these agonists, no changes in net basal fluid transport were obtained by the i.p. route for DAMGO, DPDPE, [D-Ala2,D-Leu5]enkephalin, [D-Ala2, Met5]enkephalinamide or U50,488H; of the compounds tested, only morphine produced an increase in net basal fluid absorption after i.p. administration. The effects of i.c.v. or i.p. morphine were blocked by i.c.v. SR 58002C, a quaternary opioid antagonist which had no effects alone.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Collapse
|
510
|
Porreca F, Jiang Q, Tallarida RJ. Modulation of morphine antinociception by peripheral [Leu5]enkephalin: a synergistic interaction. Eur J Pharmacol 1990; 179:463-8. [PMID: 2364995 DOI: 10.1016/0014-2999(90)90190-h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
This study determined whether the modulation of morphine antinociception by [Leu5]enkephalin, a compound which does not produce detectable antinociception when given i.p., was additive or synergistic. Co-administration of graded i.p. doses of morphine and [Leu5]enkephalin 20 min before testing resulted in a progressive leftward and parallel displacement of the i.p. morphine dose-response line. The increase in potency produced by i.p. [Leu5]enkephalin, but not the antinociception of i.p. morphine alone, was blocked by i.c.v. ICI 174,864. The data demonstrate strong and dose-related synergism between the two compounds, supporting the view that (a) peripheral administration of [Leu5]enkephalin can modulate morphine antinociception, apparently at the level of the brain and (b) that the interaction between mu and delta opioid agonists is not the result of simple additive action at the same (i.e., mu) receptor. Further evidence is thus provided for the existence of functional mu-delta interactions.
Collapse
|
511
|
Chopp M, Hetzel FW, Jiang Q. Dose-dependent metabolic response of mammary carcinoma to photodynamic therapy. Radiat Res 1990; 121:288-94. [PMID: 2315447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The metabolic response of mammary carcinoma in the C3H mouse to photodynamic therapy (PDT) was measured using in vivo 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (31P-NMR) spectroscopy and pH microelectrodes. Twenty-four hours after administration of Photofrin II (12.5 mg/kg), the tumor was subjected to photoactivation using an argon dye laser. Optical treatment doses were 200, 400, and 600 J/cm2 and corresponded to the following tumor control doses: TCD10/30, TCD50/30, and TCD90/30, respectively. In vivo 31P-NMR spectra and pH micro-electrode measurements were obtained prior to treatment and at 4, 24, 48, and 72 h and 1 week post-treatment. The data revealed a significant (P less than 0.0002) alkalosis as indicated by the pH measured by NMR compared to pH measured by microelectrodes at all treatment levels and time points. Spectral differences between treatment groups were apparent as early as 4 h after treatment. The ratio of beta-nucleoside triphosphate to inorganic phosphate at 4 h after treatment was significantly (P less than 0.01) smaller for 600 J/cm2 treatment than for 200 J/cm2 treatment. At curative (600 J/cm2) levels, from 48 h on, no phosphate resonances were detected in the spectra. The pH measured by NMR transiently decreased from pretreatment levels after 200 and 400 J/cm2 treatment (P less than 0.002, P less than 0.009, respectively), while no change in pH from pretreatment values was found after 600 J/cm2 treatment. The data suggest that the early metabolic response of mammary carcinoma to PDT, as indicated by 31P-NMR spectroscopy, is dose dependent, and may be a sensitive indicator of biological outcome to treatment.
Collapse
|
512
|
Wen J, Jiang Q, Guan Y. [Reaction between monoclonal antibodies to porcine zona pellucida and human and porcine ovary in vitro]. HUA XI YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF WEST CHINA UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES = HUAXI YIKE DAXUE XUEBAO 1990; 21:9-11. [PMID: 2365350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Reaction between monoclonal antibodies to porcine zona pellucida (LPD8, LPC4) and human and porcine ovaries was studied by ABC immunohistochemistry technique in vitro. When slices of human and porcine ovaries were stained with ABC, not only the zona pellucida but also the ovum cytoplasm was stained. Other regions of the ovary, such as granulosa cell, theca cell and connective tissue, could not be stained. These results suggest that the monoclonal antibodies to porcine zona pellucida probably have no direct effect on the endocrine function of ovary, but they may combine with ovum cytoplasm and inhibit follicular growth, so that the number of follicles reduces and endocrine function of the ovary decreases. We do not think that the prospects of continual study on LPD8, LPC4 are good.
Collapse
|
513
|
Chopp M, Jiang Q, Bisso K, Turner G, Hetzel F. Thermal response of tumor pH and energy status evaluated by 31P NMR spectroscopy and microelectrode. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/0360-3016(90)90919-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
514
|
Jiang Q, Li ZY. Effective-field renormalization-group study for the transverse Ising model in a quantum-spin system. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1989; 40:11264-11268. [PMID: 9991691 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.40.11264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
|
515
|
Heyman JS, Jiang Q, Rothman RB, Mosberg HI, Porreca F. Modulation of mu-mediated antinociception by delta agonists: characterization with antagonists. Eur J Pharmacol 1989; 169:43-52. [PMID: 2557223 DOI: 10.1016/0014-2999(89)90815-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The functional interactions between supraspinal mu and delta receptors were characterized in the mouse using mu receptor-selective antagonists. The effects of pretreatment with the mu opioid antagonists, beta-funaltrexamine (beta-FNA) and naloxonazine on the modulation of morphine antinociception by the delta agonists [D-Pen2,D-Pen5]enkephalin (DPDPE) and [D-Ala2,Met5]enkephalinamide (DAMA) were studied. When co-administered in the same i.c.v. injection, a sub-antinociceptive dose of DPDPE consistently and significantly increased the antinociceptive potency of morphine in control animals, while a sub-effective dose of DAMA decreased morphine antinociception; both the respective increase and the decrease of morphine potency by DPDPE and DAMA had been previously shown to be blocked by ICI 174,864, a delta antagonist. Pretreatment of mice with the non-equilibrium mu antagonist beta-FNA 4 h prior to testing, a pretreatment which had no effect on i.c.v. DPDPE or DAMA antinociception, prevented the modulation of morphine antinociception by both DPDPE and DAMA. Pretreatment with the long acting mu 1 antagonist naloxonazine, 24 h prior to testing, failed to affect the modulation of morphine antinociception by either DPDPE or DAMA; such a pretreatment had no effect on the antinociceptive effects of DPDPE or DAMA when given alone. These results provide further support for the concept of a functionally coupled mu-delta receptor complex which is sensitive to antagonism by beta-FNA, but not naloxonazine, and support the notion that subtypes of opioid mu and delta (i.e. complexed and non-complexed) receptors may exist.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Analgesics/pharmacology
- Animals
- Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-
- Enkephalin, Methionine/analogs & derivatives
- Enkephalin, Methionine/pharmacology
- Enkephalins/pharmacology
- Injections, Intraventricular
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred ICR
- Naloxone/analogs & derivatives
- Naloxone/pharmacology
- Naltrexone/analogs & derivatives
- Naltrexone/pharmacology
- Narcotic Antagonists/pharmacology
- Receptors, Opioid/physiology
- Receptors, Opioid, delta
- Receptors, Opioid, mu
Collapse
|
516
|
Jiang Q, Kojima H. Jiang and Kojima reply. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1989; 63:815. [PMID: 10041189 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.63.815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
|
517
|
Lu ST, Jiang Q, Kojima H. Spin-density relaxation in superfluid 3He-A1. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1989; 62:1639-1642. [PMID: 10039726 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.62.1639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
|
518
|
Jiang Q, Sheldon RJ, Porreca F. Sites of clonidine action to inhibit gut propulsion in mice: demonstration of a central component. Gastroenterology 1988; 95:1265-71. [PMID: 2844620 DOI: 10.1016/0016-5085(88)90360-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The role of central (supraspinal and spinal) and peripheral alpha-adrenoceptors in the regulation of gastrointestinal propulsion in the mouse was studied using clonidine, an alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist. Clonidine produced a dose-dependent inhibition of propulsion when given intracerebroventricularly, intrathecally, or subcutaneously, but was most potent when given intracerebroventricularly. The antitransit effects of centrally given clonidine were antagonized by intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) yohimbine, but higher doses were required when this antagonist was given peripherally. Whereas i.c.v. and s.c. administration of clonidine were effective in inhibiting gut transit in spinally transected mice, intrathecal (i.th.) administration of this agonist was not. A supraspinal site of clonidine action is suggested based upon (a) the higher central to peripheral potency of clonidine; (b) the greater potency of i.c.v., compared with s.c., administration of yohimbine in blocking i.c.v. clonidine; (c) the lack of effect of i.th. administration of clonidine in spinally transected mice; and (d) the reduced potency of i.c.v., but not s.c., administration of clonidine in spinally transected mice. Additionally, a peripheral site of clonidine action is suggested by (a) the lower potency of i.c.v. yohimbine in blocking s.c., compared with i.c.v., clonidine; (b) the lower potency of i.c.v. yohimbine in blocking i.c.v. clonidine in transected mice (compared with normal mice); (c) the equal potency of s.c. clonidine in slowing propulsion in normal and spinally transected mice; and (d) the equal potency of i.c.v. yohimbine in blocking s.c. clonidine in normal and spinally transected mice. These data in mice would thus support the concept that normal (peripheral) therapeutic administration of clonidine would affect gut motor function by interactions within the brain and directly at the level of the gut.
Collapse
|
519
|
Yu Z, Mi X, Jiang Q, Ye P, Fu P. Distinguishing molecular-reorientation gratings from thermal gratings by a time-delayed method. OPTICS LETTERS 1988; 13:117. [PMID: 19741999 DOI: 10.1364/ol.13.000117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
|
520
|
Jiang Q, Sheldon RJ, Porreca F. A comparison of the central gastrointestinal antitransit effects of morphine and bombesin in the mouse. Life Sci 1987; 41:2455-61. [PMID: 3683084 DOI: 10.1016/0024-3205(87)90671-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The gastrointestinal motor effects of centrally-given morphine and bombesin were compared in mice. Both compounds produced a dose-related decrease in the propulsion of a marker along the gut when given by the intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) or intrathecal (i.th.) routes. Co-administration of the same compound by both routes was found to produce a marked increase in potency for morphine, but only a slight increase in potency for bombesin. Isobolographic analysis of the gut effects of these compounds revealed a multiplicative brain-spinal cord interaction for morphine, but an additive interaction for bombesin. These results are consistent with the interpretation that morphine can act at either the level of the brain or the spinal cord, activating independent pathways which ultimately converge to alter gut propulsion. In contrast, spinal bombesin requires communication to supraspinal sites in order for its gut effects to occur, suggesting activation of a common outflow pathway from the central nervous system.
Collapse
|
521
|
Li CS, Du YL, Jiang Q. [Development of a qinghaosu-resistant line of Plasmodium berghei ANKA and N strain]. YAO XUE XUE BAO = ACTA PHARMACEUTICA SINICA 1986; 21:811-5. [PMID: 3296654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
|
522
|
Jiang Q, Lim R, Blodi FC. Dual properties of cultured retinoblastoma cells: immunohistochemical characterization of neuronal and glial markers. Exp Eye Res 1984; 39:207-15. [PMID: 6386499 DOI: 10.1016/0014-4835(84)90009-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The dual properties of two human retinoblastoma cell lines, WERI-Rb1 and Y79, were investigated with immunohistochemistry. Two neuron-specific markers, dopamine-B-hydroxylase (DBH) and tetanus toxin, and an astrocyte-specific marker, the glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP), were applied for immunohistochemical reactions. With peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) and immunofluorescence techniques, all of the WERI-Rb1 and Y79 cells showed consistently positive results with both neuronal and glial markers. The findings demonstrate that cultured retinoblastoma cells WERI-Rb1 and Y79 have both neuronal and glial properties.
Collapse
|
523
|
Jiang Q. [Lymphangiography of the thyroid in hyperthyroidism]. ZHONGHUA FANG SHE XUE ZA ZHI CHINESE JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY 1983; 17:170-1. [PMID: 6228401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
|
524
|
Nuechterlein KH, Parasuraman R, Jiang Q. Visual sustained attention: image degradation produces rapid sensitivity decrement over time. Science 1983; 220:327-9. [PMID: 6836276 DOI: 10.1126/science.6836276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 231] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Perceptual sensitivity to a visual target presented in a random continuous sequence of targets and nontargets decreased rapidly over time when stimuli were highly degraded visually but not when moderately degraded or undegraded. Large declines in sensitivity, independent of changes in response criterion, were found after only 5 minutes of observation. These rapid decrements of sensitivity to degraded targets seem to result from demands on the limited capacity of visual attention.
Collapse
|
525
|
Xue Z, Jiang Q, Shen S. Mapping and characterization of the hisD-unlinked nif mutants in Klebsiella pneumoniae. SCIENTIA SINICA 1980; 23:261-7. [PMID: 6988963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Two hisD-unlinked genes NifC5 and NifC7 are mapped in the chromosome of K. pneumoniae. The sequence of NifC5 and NifC7 is suggested as NifC5--gltB--NifC7--argG. The P1 infected E. coli lysate can transduce the mutant C-7 to be Nif+ transductant, yet fails to transduce the hisD-linked nif mutants to be Nif+ ones. This indicates that the gene encoding C-7 is not the structural gene of nitrogen fixation and is present in E. coli. It is actually a gene specifying the glutamate synthetase. SDS electrophoresis shows the marked low content of nitrogen reductase and immunoelectrophoretic test reveals the reduced amount of both nitrogenase and nitrogen reductase in the mutant cells.
Collapse
|