401
|
Greenbaum PE, Turner C, Cook EW, Melamed BG. Dentists' voice control: Effects on children's disruptive and affective behavior. Health Psychol 1990; 9:546-58. [PMID: 2226384 DOI: 10.1037/0278-6133.9.5.546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Voice control, a punishment technique based on loud commands, has been used widely in pediatric dentistry. This study examined whether (a) loudness is a necessary component of the technique, (b) voice control actually reduces children's disruptive behavior, and (c) after treatment, children's negative affect increases. Subjects were forty 3 1/2- to 7-year-olds who posed potential behavior problems and who were scheduled for cavity restoration. Children were assigned randomly to either loud- or normal-voice groups. Children who were assigned to either group but who were not disruptive formed a nonexperimental control group. Prior to and after treatment, children reported their feelings using the Self-Assessment Mannequin. Disruptive behavior was scored using the Behavior Profile Rating Scale. Results indicated that, following loud, but not normal voice commands, children reduced their disruptive behavior (p less than .004) and self-reported lower arousal (p less than .09) and greater pleasure (p less than .10). Theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.
Collapse
|
402
|
Briggs J, Turner C, Sandler M, Lodwick R, Crimmer M, Chelllngsworth M, Ardron M, Steel D, Swain P, Wallis R. The Destination and Dependency of Patients Discharged from Geriatric Units in the West Midlands. Age Ageing 1990. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/19.suppl_2.p5-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
403
|
Kleeberger SR, Kolbe J, Turner C, Spannhake EW. Exposure to 1 ppm ozone attenuates the immediate antigenic response of canine peripheral airways. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 1989; 28:349-62. [PMID: 2585539 DOI: 10.1080/15287398909531354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The effect of oxidant exposure on the immediate airway response to immunologic challenge is controversial. We investigated the response of canine peripheral airways to antigen aerosol, 1-3 h and 24 h after a 5-min exposure to 1 ppm ozone. In dogs that were natively sensitive to Ascaris suum antigen, resistance to flow through the collateral system (Rcs) was measured using the wedged bronchoscope technique. In eight dogs, four sublobar segments of each lung were wedged: two were exposed to ozone for 5 min and two (control) received air with 5% CO2. Ozone caused a mean ( +/- SE) increase in Rcs of 75 +/- 15%, which returned to baseline after 1-3 h. The increase in Rcs elicited by subsequent administration of antigen aerosol (25 microliters, 0.27 mg protein/ml) to the ozone-exposed segments (312.0 +/- 70.6%) was attenuated by 22% compared to controls (398.9 +/- 83.0%; p less than .05). In another series of experiments (n = 5), segments were exposed to ozone or air and challenged with antigen 24 h later and a significant attenuation (38%) of the antigen-induced increase in Rcs was detected compared to controls (178.5 +/- 57.9 vs 289.0 +/- 62.2; p less than .05). Cellular influx of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) was not detected by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) 1-3 h after ozone, but was found after 24 h (19.8 vs. 4.7%; p less than .01). A significant increase in PMNs was detected in exposed subepithelial tissues 1-3 h after ozone compared to unexposed tissues. Tissue PMNs were not significantly different from unexposed tissues after 24 h, but a shift toward degranulation of mast cells was detected in ozone-exposed tissues at this time. These data suggest that the Rcs response to antigen is attenuated 1-3 h and 24 h after acute (5 min) exposure to 1 ppm ozone, and this effect occurs independently of PMNs in the airways.
Collapse
|
404
|
Haines DM, Matte G, Wilkinson AA, Noujaim AA, Turner C, Longenecker BM. Immunohistochemical staining and radionuclide imaging of canine tumors, using a monoclonal antibody recognizing a synthetic carbohydrate antigen. Am J Vet Res 1989; 50:875-81. [PMID: 2548421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The in vitro and in vivo binding of a monoclonal antibody (MAB) that recognizes a tumor-associated carbohydrate antigen was studied in dogs. Monoclonal antibody 155H.7 was raised in response to innoculation of mice with beta-galactose(1-3)beta N-acetylgalactosamine conjugated to human serum albumin. Avidin-biotin-complex immunohistochemical staining of cryostat sections of normal and neoplastic canine tissue specimens revealed heterogenous binding of MAB 155H.7 to the cells of many canine mammary and lung carcinomas and homogenous staining of many sarcomas, including osteogenic sarcoma. In addition, there was variable staining of a variety of normal tissues including some ductual epithelium, peripheral nerve fibers, and some endothelial cells and fibroblasts. Immunoscintigraphy with 131I-labeled MAB 155H.7 was used to study the in vivo distribution of the antibody. The 131I-labeled MAB 155H.7 was administered to 1 clinically normal dog, 7 dogs with osteogenic sarcoma, 1 dog with undifferentiated sarcoma, and 2 dogs with mammary tumor. Scintigraphy revealed concentration of radioactivity in 8 of 10 tumor sites within 24 hours after MAB administration. The ratio of 131I in tumor sites to 131I in the surrounding normal tissues, compared with the similar ratio of 99mTc-labeled erythrocytes ranged from 1.1 to 4.3, in tumor vs normal tissue with a mean value of 2, confirming tumor localization of the radiolabeled MAB in excess of that associated with enhanced tumor vascularization.
Collapse
|
405
|
Abstract
We have studied the acute effect of trimipramine (25, 50 and 75 mg) on nocturnal sleep in 6 young men. Fluoxetine (60 mg) and diazepam (10 mg) were included as controls for the potential changes in sleep measures. Trimipramine reduced awake activity, Stage 1 (drowsy) sleep, and the duration of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. Non-REM (Stage 2) sleep was increased. Residual effects of trimipramine were present the next morning (9 h after ingestion) with impaired coding ability. The effects of trimipramine on sleep and daytime alertness are consistent with its complex pharmacological profile. Reduced wakefulness and sedation are most likely due to synergism between histamine H1, alpha 1-adrenoceptor, and dopamine receptor antagonism. Anticholinergic activity and possibly blockade of alpha 1-adrenoceptors would disturb the balance of transmitter activities which facilitates the optimal appearance of REM sleep. In this way the effects of trimipramine on nocturnal wakefulness and REM sleep are similar to drugs which inhibit the uptake of noradrenaline.
Collapse
|
406
|
Gibb DM, Tomlinson PA, Dalton NR, Turner C, Shah V, Barratt TM. Renal tubular proteinuria and microalbuminuria in diabetic patients. Arch Dis Child 1989; 64:129-34. [PMID: 2923463 PMCID: PMC1791792 DOI: 10.1136/adc.64.1.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The urinary extraction of albumin, retinol binding protein, and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase were studied in 60 children with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus and in 45 normal children to find out whether the renal tubules played a part in causing the early increase in urinary excretion of albumin that occurs in diabetes mellitus. Two overnight urine samples were collected and the protein excretion measured and expressed as the geometric mean of the protein to creatinine ratio (urinary albumin:creatinine ratio, urinary retinol binding protein:creatinine ratio, and urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase:creatinine ratio, respectively). The excretion of all three proteins was significantly higher in the diabetic children with 15 (25%) of urinary albumin:creatinine ratio, 16 (27%) of urinary retinol binding protein:creatinine ratio, and 43 (72%) of urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase:creatinine ratio values being above the normal range. Significant correlations were observed between urinary albumin:creatinine ratio and urinary retinol binding protein:creatinine ratio, urinary albumin:creatinine ratio and urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase:creatinine ratio, and urinary retinol binding protein:creatinine ratio and urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase:creatinine ratio. There were also significant correlations between glycated haemoglobin 1c (HbA1c) and these proteins, especially N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase. No correlations were observed with the fractional excretion of sodium, flow rate of urine, glomerular filtration rate, or blood pressure. These data show that tubular abnormalities are present early in the course of insulin dependent diabetes mellitus and suggest that the early increase in urinary excretion of albumin may be at least partly tubular in origin, and that glycaemic control may influence this aspect of proximal tubular function.
Collapse
|
407
|
Burridge K, Fath K, Kelly T, Nuckolls G, Turner C. Focal adhesions: transmembrane junctions between the extracellular matrix and the cytoskeleton. ANNUAL REVIEW OF CELL BIOLOGY 1988; 4:487-525. [PMID: 3058164 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.cb.04.110188.002415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1586] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
|
408
|
Turner C, Anderson P, Fitzpatrick R, Fowler G, Mayon-White R. Sexual behaviour, contraceptive practice and knowledge of AIDS of Oxford University students. J Biosoc Sci 1988; 20:445-51. [PMID: 3192556 DOI: 10.1017/s0021932000017569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
SummaryIn summer 1987, 584 students at Oxford University were sent a questionnaire enquiring about their sexual behaviour and contraceptive practice, and about the effect that AIDS has had on these. Of the 374 students who replied, 65% of the women and 62% of the men had experienced sexual intercourse. Twenty-seven per cent of female undergraduates did not use adequate contraception on the first occasion of intercourse. During the 4-week period preceding the questionnaire, 15% of sexually active female undergraduates did not use adequate contraception. The use of contraception has changed over the last 5 years, with fewer students using oral contraceptives as their most frequent means of contraception and more using barrier methods. In general, knowledge about AIDS was high. Most students did not consider that they were at risk of becoming infected by the AIDS virus and, by their reported sexual behaviour, very few students appeared to be at any risk. However, 35% of women and 44% of men who were sexually active said that because of risk of AIDS they had been more likely to use the sheath, and 49% of women and 30% of men said that they had, or would have, fewer partners. These findings suggest that attitudes, and possibly behaviour, are changing towards a reduction in risks of sexually transmitted infection.
Collapse
|
409
|
Ginsberg J, Turner C, Brill-Edwards P, Harrison L, Hirsh J. Pseudothrombosis in pregnancy. CMAJ 1988; 139:409-10. [PMID: 3409120 PMCID: PMC1268157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
|
410
|
Dalton RN, Wiseman MJ, Turner C, Viberti G. Measurement of urinary para-aminohippuric acid in glycosuric diabetics. Kidney Int 1988; 34:117-20. [PMID: 3172632 DOI: 10.1038/ki.1988.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
|
411
|
Maruyama Y, van Nagell JR, Yoneda J, Donaldson E, Gallion H, Higgins R, Powell D, Turner C, Kryscio R. Efficacy of brachytherapy with californium-252 neutrons versus cesium-137 photons for eradication of bulky localized cervical cancer: single-institution study. J Natl Cancer Inst 1988; 80:501-6. [PMID: 3367388 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/80.7.501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A fast-neutron-emitting radioisotope, 252Cf, is being tested in clinical trials of neutron brachytherapy for cervical cancer. The efficacy for histological eradication of bulky stage IB cervical tumors (mean diameter, approximately 6 cm) using combined radiation and surgery was studied in 65 patients treated with 137Cs or 252Cf before surgery during 1983-1986. Forty-four patients were treated with 137Cs and 21 were treated with 252Cf at equivalent doses of radiation. Fifteen of the 44 specimens (34%) were positive after 137Cs therapy. Only one of the 21 specimens was positive after 252Cf therapy (P = .025), and that patient was treated in a delayed schedule 21 days after the start of external-beam irradiation rather than early in the course. 252Cf therapy required a much lower radiation dose and shorter treatment time. The study compared tumor destruction of an identically staged human cervical tumor in situ by direct histological means, using 252Cf neutron therapy or conventional photon therapy at an identical and equivalent dose adjusted by a relative biological effectiveness of 6.0 for 252Cf.
Collapse
|
412
|
Turner C, Compston J, Mak RH, Vedi S, Mellish RW, Haycock GB, Chantler C. Bone turnover and 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol during treatment with phosphate binders. Kidney Int 1988; 33:989-95. [PMID: 3392888 DOI: 10.1038/ki.1988.98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The effect of dietary phosphate restriction with high-dose aluminum hydroxide or calcium carbonate on bone disease assessed by histomorphometry and on the plasma levels of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol was investigated in 12 children with chronic renal failure (GFR 8 to 45 ml/min/1.73 m2, age 5 to 15 years) over a one year period. Prior to treatment patients had biochemical and histological hyperparathyroidism with greatly increased bone formation rates. During treatment, plasma phosphate levels decreased from the upper to the lower limit of normal for age (pre, 1.69 +/- 0.06 mmol/liter; 6 months, 1.28 +/- 0.06 mmol/liter; 1 year, 1.34 +/- 0.06 mmol/liter; P less than 0.01). Circulating 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol rose to supranormal levels within three months and remained high throughout the period of study (pre, 96 +/- 32 pmol/liter; 6 months, 144 +/- 46 pmol/liter; 1 year, 169 +/- 53 pmol/liter; P less than 0.001). Significant falls in bone formation rate at tissue and cellular levels (P less than 0.005) and in total resorption surface (P less than 0.005) were observed. A mild mineralization defect present before treatment worsened, with a decrease in mineral appositional rate (P less than 0.01) and increase in mineralization lag time (P less than 0.01). Staining for aluminum in post-treatment biopsies was positive in 9 of 11 cases. Phosphate restriction produced suppression of biochemical and histological hyperparathyroidism and sustained elevation of circulating 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol. The adverse changes in bone mineralization may be related to aluminum hydroxide therapy; calcium carbonate is therefore recommended.
Collapse
|
413
|
Beckett WS, Black C, Turner C, Spannhake EW, Menkes HA. In vivo exposure to ozone causes increased in vitro responses of small airways. THE AMERICAN REVIEW OF RESPIRATORY DISEASE 1988; 137:1236-8. [PMID: 3195820 DOI: 10.1164/ajrccm/137.5.1236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
We examined the effects of in vivo exposure to 3 ppm ozone on in vitro reactivity of large and small airways from dogs. No effects in large airways were detected. However, small airways exposed to O3 had larger responses to receptor-mediated stimuli and similar responses to KCl plus phorbol ester. These results suggest that small airways are more vulnerable to O3 inhalation than are large airways and that receptor-mediated pathways reflect that sensitivity. Another possible explanation is that O3 exposure prevents the epithelium from playing its normal dampening role in responses to contractile agonists.
Collapse
|
414
|
Kelly MJ, Turner C. Metronidazole and gentamicin prophylaxis in synergistic aerobe-anaerobe infections in mice. J Antimicrob Chemother 1988; 21:355-63. [PMID: 3360693 DOI: 10.1093/jac/21.3.355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The efficacy of prophylaxis by intraperitoneal injection of gentamicin, metronidazole or both drugs combined was investigated in a mouse model of mixed infection with Escherichia coli and Bacteroides fragilis. A three dose prophylactic regimen given 12 hourly was studied starting simultaneously with bacterial challenge. Serum antibiotic concentrations lay within the human therapeutic ranges. Metronidazole alone eliminated B. fragilis from the developing infections, but at higher challenge doses the mice developed abscesses which contained E. coli, and mortality was no different from controls. Gentamicin alone eliminated both bacteria and deaths in all infections, but sterile abscesses occurred in two of five animals at the highest challenge dose. Mixed metronidazole + gentamicin abolished all effects of the challenge bacteria, aborting all infections for all challenge doses with no formation of sterile abscesses. It is proposed that, in abdominal surgery, although metronidazole or gentamicin may be effective given alone for low levels of contamination, for higher levels (e.g. colonic surgery) both drugs may be required.
Collapse
|
415
|
Beckett WS, Freed AN, Turner C, Menkes HA. Prolonged increased responsiveness of canine peripheral airways after exposure to O3. J Appl Physiol (1985) 1988; 64:605-10. [PMID: 3372418 DOI: 10.1152/jappl.1988.64.2.605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Because it is relatively insoluble, the oxidant gas O3 may penetrate to small peripheral airways when it is inhaled. Increased responsiveness in large airways after O3 breathing has been associated with the presence of inflammatory cells. To determine whether O3 produces prolonged hyperresponsiveness of small airways associated with the presence of inflammatory cells, we exposed the peripheral lungs of anesthetized dogs to 1.0 ppm O3 for 2 h using a wedged bronchoscope technique. A contralateral sublobar segment was simultaneously exposed to air as a control. In the O3-exposed segments, collateral resistance (Rcs) was increased within 15 min and remained elevated approximately 150% throughout the 2-h exposure period. Fifteen hours later, the base-line Rcs of the O3-exposed sublobar segments was significantly elevated, and these segments demonstrated increased responsiveness to aerosolized acetylcholine (100 and 500 micrograms/ml). There were no differences in neutrophils, mononuclear cells, or mast cells (numbers or degree of mast cell degranulation) between O3 and air-exposed airways at 15 h. The small airways of the lung periphery thus are capable of remaining hyperresponsive hours after cessation of localized exposure to O3, but this does not appear to be dependent on the presence of inflammatory cells in the small airway wall.
Collapse
|
416
|
Greene SA, Dalton RN, Turner C, Haycock GB, Chantler C. Hyperglycemia with and without glycosuria: effect on inulin and para-amino hippurate clearance. Kidney Int 1987; 32:896-9. [PMID: 3430968 DOI: 10.1038/ki.1987.292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The response of the clearance of inulin (Cin) and para-amino hippurate (CPAH) to acute hyperglycemia with and without glycosuria was investigated in ten, healthy non-diabetic subjects. Standard methodology (UV/P) was used, with a mean clearance calculated from three, 15-minute urine collection periods. Each subject was studied at three levels of blood glucose (mmol/liter) concentration, mean (SE): Level 1, fasting, 4.5 (0.1); Level 2, hyperglycemia below renal threshold for glucose, 7.2 (0.1); Level 3, hyperglycemia with glycosuria, 12.6 (0.5). There was a significant rise in mean Cin (ml/min/1.73 m2) when changing from Level 1 (112[3]) to Level 2 (121[5]), with no further increase on changing to Level 3 (122[4]). With glycosuria Cin fell in some subjects. Mean CPAH (ml/min/1.73 m2) increased through Level 1 (560[27]) to Level 3 (603[34]), with consequently no change in mean filtration fraction at the three levels of glycemia. Our observations show a rise in glomerular filtration rate with mild hyperglycemia below renal threshold, with no further increase during hyperglycemia sufficient to produce glycosuria.
Collapse
|
417
|
Turner C, Courts FJ, Stanley HR. A histological comparison of direct pulp capping agents in primary canines. ASDC JOURNAL OF DENTISTRY FOR CHILDREN 1987; 54:423-8. [PMID: 3478371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the pulpal response to four calcium hydroxide preparations in primary teeth. Data indicated the calcium hydroxide-saline paste induced more inflammation and produced a greater zone of mummification than the three commercial preparations studied. Unintentional deep impaction of the medicament or dentinal chips increased inflammation for all categories. All medicaments produced a superficial necrosis (mummification) of the pulp. The greatest degree of mummification was seen with the calcium hydroxide-saline paste. The calcium hydroxide-saline paste produced a thick dentinal bridge, located deeper in the pulp when compared with the commercial agents. Commercial agents produced narrower but sufficiently high-quality dentinal bridges. This study indicates that direct pulp capping of exposures in primary teeth is a viable procedure. The newer commercial agents may be preferred, as they produce minimal inflammation, satisfactory dentinal bridging, and preservation of most of the vital pulp tissue.
Collapse
|
418
|
Mak RH, Turner C, Thompson T, Haycock G, Chantler C. Glucose metabolism in children with uremia: effect of dietary phosphate and protein. KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL. SUPPLEMENT 1987; 22:206-9. [PMID: 3323625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
|
419
|
Turner C, Courts FJ, Gombola GG. The removal of phosphoric acid and calcium phosphate precipitates: an analysis of rinse time. Pediatr Dent 1987; 9:208-11. [PMID: 3333827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
|
420
|
Archer CB, Dalton N, Turner C, Macdonald DM. Investigation of adrenomedullary function in atopic dermatitis. Br J Dermatol 1987; 116:793-800. [PMID: 3040069 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.1987.tb04897.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Adrenomedullary function in patients with atopic dermatitis was assessed by measurement of plasma levels of catecholamines (adrenalin and noradrenalin) and cyclic AMP in response to the stimuli of standing after lying supine, and a 5-min infusion of histamine in the standing position (i.e. histamine plus standing). Plasma clearance of adrenalin was examined by measurement of plasma catecholamine and cyclic AMP levels following a 15-min intravenous infusion of adrenalin in the supine position. Resting plasma levels of adrenalin, cyclic AMP and noradrenalin were not statistically different in atopic patients and normal controls. Standing or intravenous infusion of histamine in the standing position caused a rise in plasma catecholamine levels. Plasma adrenalin, cyclic AMP and noradrenalin levels in response to these stimuli and the rate of clearance of exogenous adrenalin from the plasma were not significantly different in patients with atopic dermatitis and in normal subjects.
Collapse
|
421
|
Turner C. Overcoming barriers to indigent care. DISCHARGE PLANNING UPDATE 1987; 7:3-6. [PMID: 10281606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
|
422
|
Turner C. Cautionary news for the diabetic. NURSING STANDARD : OFFICIAL NEWSPAPER OF THE ROYAL COLLEGE OF NURSING 1987:5. [PMID: 3550489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
|
423
|
Tamanaha K, Mak RH, Rigden SP, Turner C, Start KM, Haycock GB, Chantler C. Long-term suppression of hyperparathyroidism by phosphate binders in uremic children. Pediatr Nephrol 1987; 1:145-9. [PMID: 3153271 DOI: 10.1007/bf00849285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Forty-five children with stable chronic renal failure, not on dialysis, were treated conservatively with a regimen of mild dietary phosphate restriction and high-dose phosphate binders for up to 5 years. Both aluminum hydroxide and calcium carbonate were used initially, but almost all patients were taking calcium carbonate towards the end of the period. Serum immunoreactive parathyroid hormone concentrations were significantly decreased and were within the normal range after 1 year and remained normal during treatment. There was no significant change in renal function over the same treatment period. We conclude that calcium carbonate should be used as the phosphate binder of choice in the long-term suppression of hyperphosphatemia and hyperparathyroidism in uremic children.
Collapse
|
424
|
Noujaim A, Selvaraj S, Suresh MR, McLean G, Willans D, Turner C, Haines DM, Longenecker BM. A molecular approach to immunoscintigraphy: a study of the T-antigen conformation on the surface of tumors. Nuklearmedizin 1987; 26:1-6. [PMID: 2438662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The role of glycoconjugates in tumor cell differentiation has been well documented. We have examined the expression of the two anomers of the Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen on the surface of human, canine and murine tumor cell membranes both in vitro and in vivo. This has been accomplished through the synthesis of the disaccharide terminal residues in both alpha and beta configuration. Both entities were used to generate murine monoclonal antibodies which recognized the carbohydrate determinants. The determination of fine specificities of these antibodies was effected by means of cellular uptake, immunohistopathology and immunoscintigraphy. Examination of pathological specimens of human and canine tumor tissue indicated that the expressed antigen was in the beta configuration. More than 89% of all human carcinomas tested expressed the antigen in the above anomeric form. The combination of synthetic antigens and monoclonal antibodies raised specifically against them provide us with invaluable tools for the study of tumor marker expression in humans and their respective animal tumor models.
Collapse
|
425
|
Turner C. Unfair to diabetics. NURSING STANDARD : OFFICIAL NEWSPAPER OF THE ROYAL COLLEGE OF NURSING 1986:5. [PMID: 3537813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
|