26
|
Junaedi S, Al-Amiery AA, Kadihum A, Kadhum AAH, Mohamad AB. Inhibition effects of a synthesized novel 4-aminoantipyrine derivative on the corrosion of mild steel in hydrochloric acid solution together with quantum chemical studies. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:11915-28. [PMID: 23736696 PMCID: PMC3709763 DOI: 10.3390/ijms140611915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2013] [Revised: 05/22/2013] [Accepted: 05/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
1,5-Dimethyl-4-((2-methylbenzylidene)amino)-2-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-3(2H)-one (DMPO) was synthesized to be evaluated as a corrosion inhibitor. The corrosion inhibitory effects of DMPO on mild steel in 1.0 M HCl were investigated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), potentiodynamic polarization, open circuit potential (OCP) and electrochemical frequency modulation (EFM). The results showed that DMPO inhibited mild steel corrosion in acid solution and indicated that the inhibition efficiency increased with increasing inhibitor concentration. Changes in the impedance parameters suggested an adsorption of DMPO onto the mild steel surface, leading to the formation of protective films. The novel synthesized corrosion inhibitor was characterized using UV-Vis, FT-IR and NMR spectral analyses. Electronic properties such as highest occupied molecular orbital energy, lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy (EHOMO and ELUMO, respectively) and dipole moment (μ) were calculated and discussed. The results showed that the corrosion inhibition efficiency increased with an increase in the EHOMO values but with a decrease in the ELUMO value.
Collapse
|
27
|
Ba-Abbad MM, Kadhum AAH, Mohamad AB, Takriff MS, Sopian K. Visible light photocatalytic activity of Fe(3+)-doped ZnO nanoparticle prepared via sol-gel technique. CHEMOSPHERE 2013; 91:1604-11. [PMID: 23384541 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.12.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2012] [Revised: 12/08/2012] [Accepted: 12/12/2012] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The optical properties of a ZnO photocatalyst were enhanced with various dopant concentrations of Fe(3+). Doped ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized via a sol-gel method without the use of capping agents or surfactants and was then characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy. The results showed that ZnO has a wurtzite, hexagonal structure and that the Fe(3+) ions were well incorporated into the ZnO crystal lattice. As the Fe(3+) concentration increased from 0.25 wt.% to 1 wt.%, the crystal size decreased in comparison with the undoped ZnO. The spectral absorption shifts of the visible light region (red shift) and the band gap decreases for each Fe-ZnO sample were investigated. The photocatalytic activities of the ZnO and Fe-ZnO samples were evaluated based on the degradation of 2-chlorophenol in aqueous solution under solar radiation. The samples with a small concentration of Fe(3+) ions showed enhanced photocatalytic activity with an optimal maximum performance at 0.5 wt.%. The results indicated that toxicity removal of 2-chlorophenol at same line of degradation efficiency. Small crystallite size and low band gap were attributed to high activities of Fe-ZnO samples under various concentrations of Fe(3+) ions compared to undoped ZnO.
Collapse
|
28
|
Osman WHW, Abdullah SRS, Mohamad AB, Kadhum AAH, Rahman RA. Simultaneous removal of AOX and COD from real recycled paper wastewater using GAC-SBBR. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2013; 121:80-86. [PMID: 23524399 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2012] [Revised: 01/23/2013] [Accepted: 02/05/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A lab-scale granular activated carbon sequencing batch biofilm reactor (GAC-SBBR), a combined adsorption and biological process, was developed to treat real wastewater from a recycled paper mill. In this study, one-consortia of mixed culture (4000-5000 mg/L) originating from recycled paper mill activated sludge from Kajang, Malaysia was acclimatized. The GAC-SBBR was fed with real wastewater taken from the same recycled paper mill, which had a high concentration of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and adsorbable organic halides (AOX). The operational duration of the GAC-SBBR was adjusted from 48 h to 24, 12 and finally 8 h to evaluate the effect of the hydraulic retention time (HRT) on the simultaneous removal of COD and AOX. The COD and AOX removals were in the range of 53-92% and 26-99%, respectively. From this study, it was observed that the longest HRT (48 h) yielded a high removal of COD and AOX, at 92% and 99%, respectively.
Collapse
|
29
|
Muhamad MH, Sheikh Abdullah SR, Mohamad AB, Abdul Rahman R, Hasan Kadhum AA. Application of response surface methodology (RSM) for optimisation of COD, NH3-N and 2,4-DCP removal from recycled paper wastewater in a pilot-scale granular activated carbon sequencing batch biofilm reactor (GAC-SBBR). JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2013; 121:179-190. [PMID: 23542216 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2012] [Revised: 02/08/2013] [Accepted: 02/17/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the potential of a pilot-scale granular activated carbon sequencing batch biofilm reactor (GAC-SBBR) for removing chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3-N) and 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) from recycled paper wastewater was assessed. For this purpose, the response surface methodology (RSM) was employed, using a central composite face-centred design (CCFD), to optimise three of the most important operating variables, i.e., hydraulic retention time (HRT), aeration rate (AR) and influent feed concentration (IFC), in the pilot-scale GAC-SBBR process for recycled paper wastewater treatment. Quadratic models were developed for the response variables, i.e., COD, NH3-N and 2,4-DCP removal, based on the high value (>0.9) of the coefficient of determination (R(2)) obtained from the analysis of variance (ANOVA). The optimal conditions were established at 750 mg COD/L IFC, 3.2 m(3)/min AR and 1 day HRT, corresponding to predicted COD, NH3-N and 2,4-DCP removal percentages of 94.8, 100 and 80.9%, respectively.
Collapse
|
30
|
Al-Amiery AA, Kadhum AAH, Shamel M, Satar M, Khalid Y, Mohamad AB. Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of novel quinazolinones. Med Chem Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-013-0625-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
31
|
Al-Amiery AA, Kadhum AAH, Mohamad AB, Junaedi S. A Novel Hydrazinecarbothioamide as a Potential Corrosion Inhibitor for Mild Steel in HCl. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2013; 6:1420-1431. [PMID: 28809218 PMCID: PMC5452315 DOI: 10.3390/ma6041420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2013] [Revised: 02/15/2013] [Accepted: 03/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
2-(1-methyl-4-((E)-(2-methylbenzylidene)amino)-2-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-3(2H)-ylidene)-hydrazineecarbothioamide (HCB) was synthesized as a corrosion inhibitor from the reaction of 4-aminoantipyrine, thiosemicarbazide and 2-methylbenzaldehyde. The corrosion inhibitory effects of HCB on mild steel in 1.0 M HCl were investigated using potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results showed that HCB inhibited mild steel corrosion in acidic solution and inhibition efficiency increased with an increase in the concentration of the inhibitor. The inhibition efficiency was up to 96.5% at 5.0 mM. Changes in the impedance parameters suggested that HCB adsorbed on the surface of mild steel, leading to the formation of a protective film. The novel corrosion inhibitor synthesized in the present study was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectral data.
Collapse
|
32
|
Al-Amiery AA, Al-Temimi AA, Sulaiman GM, Aday HA, Kadhum AAH, Mohamad AB. Synthesis, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of 5-((2-oxo-2H-chromen-7-yloxy)methyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2(3H)-one derived from umbelliferone. Chem Nat Compd 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10600-013-0436-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
|
33
|
Abd-Rahman R, Hasani H, H. Kadhum AA, Wasmi BA, Al-Amiery AA, Mohamad AB. Heavy Metal Biosorption Efficiencies of Expanded Bed Biofilm Reactor and Sequencing Batch Biofilm Reactor. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.14233/ajchem.2013.14502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
34
|
Sulaiman GM, Mohammed WH, Marzoog TR, Al-Amiery AAA, Kadhum AAH, Mohamad AB. Green synthesis, antimicrobial and cytotoxic effects of silver nanoparticles using Eucalyptus chapmaniana leaves extract. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2013; 3:58-63. [PMID: 23570018 PMCID: PMC3609393 DOI: 10.1016/s2221-1691(13)60024-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2012] [Accepted: 12/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To synthesize silver nanopaticles from leaves extract of Eucalyptus chapmaniana (E. chapmaniana) and test the antimicrobial of the nanoparticles against different pathogenic bacteria, yeast and its toxicity against human acute promyelocytic leukemia (HL-60) cell line. METHODS Ten milliliter of leaves extract was mixed with 90 mL of 0.01 mmol/mL or 0.02 mmol/mL aqueous AgNO3 and exposed to sun light for 1 h. A change from yellowish to reddish brown color was observed. Characterization using UV-vis spectrophotometery and X-ray diffraction analysis were performed. Antimicrobial activity against six microorganisms was tested using well diffusion method and cytoxicity test using 3-(4, 5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, a yellow tetrazole was obtained on the human leukemia cell line (HL-60). RESULTS UV-vis spectral analysis showed silver surface plasmon resonance band at 413 nm. X-ray diffraction showed that the particles were crystalline in nature with face centered cubic structure of the bulk silver with broad beaks at 38.50° and 44.76°. The synthesized silver nanoparticles efficiently inhibited various pathogenic organisms and reduced viability of the HL-60 cells in a dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS It has been demonstrated that the extract of E. chapmaniana leaves are capable of producing silver nanoparticles extracellularly and the Ag nanoparticles are quite stable in solution. Further studies are needed to fully characterize the toxicity and the mechanisms involved with the antimicrobial and anticancer activity of these particles.
Collapse
|
35
|
Ba-Abbad MM, Kadhum AAH, Mohamad AB, Takriff MS, Sopian K. Optimization of process parameters using D-optimal design for synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles via sol–gel technique. J IND ENG CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2012.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
36
|
Rahman NA, Kofli NT, Azmi NH, Mohamad AB. Database Development to Enhance Procedures for Open Ended Laboratory. PROCEDIA - SOCIAL AND BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES 2012; 60:284-293. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.09.381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
|
37
|
Al-Amiery AA, Al-Bayati RI, Saed FM, Ali WB, Kadhum AAH, Mohamad AB. Novel pyranopyrazoles: synthesis and theoretical studies. Molecules 2012; 17:10377-89. [PMID: 22936110 PMCID: PMC6268921 DOI: 10.3390/molecules170910377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2012] [Revised: 08/08/2012] [Accepted: 08/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of pyranopyrazoles, namely, 7-(2-aminoethyl)-3,4-dimethyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-6(7H)-one (2), (Z)-3,4-dimethyl-1-(4-((4-nitrobenzylidene)amino)phenyl)pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazol-6(1H)-one (5), 1-(4-(3,4-dimethyl-6-oxopyrano[2,3-c]pyrazol-1(6H)-yl)phenyl)-3-(naphthalen-1-yl)urea (6), (Z)-ethyl 4-((3,4-dimethyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyrano[2,3-c]pyrazol-5-yl)diazenyl)benzoate (8) and 3,4-dimethyl-N-(naphthalen-1-yl)-6-oxopyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole-1(6H)-carboxamide (9) were synthesized and characterized by means of their UV-VIS, FT-IR, ¹H-NMR and ¹³C-NMR spectral data. Density Functional Theory calculations of the synthesized pyranopyrazoles were performed using molecular structures with optimized geometries. Molecular orbital calculations have provided detail description of the orbitals, including spatial characteristics, nodal patterns, and the contributions of individual atoms.
Collapse
|
38
|
Khadom AA, Yaro AS, Musa AY, Mohamad AB, Kadhum AAH. Corrosion Inhibition of Copper-nickel Alloy: Experimental and Theoretical Studies. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY-DAEHAN HWAHAK HOE JEE 2012. [DOI: 10.5012/jkcs.2012.56.4.406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
39
|
Al-Amiery AA, Kadhum AAH, Al-Majedy YK, Ibraheem HH, Al-Temimi AA, Al-Bayati RI, Mohamad AB. The legend of 4-aminocoumarin: use of the Delépine reaction for synthesis of 4-iminocoumarin. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-012-0694-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
40
|
Al-Amiery AA, Kadhum AAH, Mohamad AB. Antifungal activities of new coumarins. Molecules 2012; 17:5713-23. [PMID: 22628043 PMCID: PMC6268721 DOI: 10.3390/molecules17055713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2012] [Revised: 04/12/2012] [Accepted: 04/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Newly synthesized coumarins 4-((5-mercapto-4-phenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)-methoxy)-2H-chromen-2-one and 4-((5-(phenylamino)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)-methoxy)-2H-chromen-2-one were tested against selected types of fungi and showed significant activities. DFT calculations of the synthesized coumarins were performed using molecular structures with optimized geometries. Molecular orbital calculations provide a detailed description of the orbitals, including spatial characteristics, nodal patterns, and the contributions of individual atoms.
Collapse
|
41
|
Al-Janabi KWS, Alazawi FN, Mohammed MI, Kadhum AAH, Mohamad AB. Direct acetylation and determination of chlorophenols in aqueous samples by gas chromatography coupled with an electron-capture detector. J Chromatogr Sci 2012; 50:564-8. [PMID: 22535910 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bms040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
A method was developed that offers a rapid, simple and accurate technique for the determination of chlorophenols at trace levels in aqueous samples with very limited volumes of organic solvents. These compounds were acetylated, then preliminarily extracted with n-hexane. The enriched chlorophenols were directly analyzed using gas chromatography with an electron-capture detector. The detection limits were in the range of 0.001-0.005 mg/L, except for 2-chlorophenol, which was always above 0.013 mg/L. Relative standard deviation for the spiked water samples ranged from 2.2 to 6.1%, while relative recoveries were in the range of 67.1 to 101.3%.
Collapse
|
42
|
Muhamad MH, Sheikh Abdullah SR, Mohamad AB, Rahman RA, Kadhum AAH. Performance evaluation of a granular activated carbon-sequencing batch biofilm reactor pilot plant system used in treating real wastewater from recycled paper industry. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2012; 33:915-926. [PMID: 22720416 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2011.602434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A pilot scale granular activated carbon-sequencing batch biofilm reactor with a capacity of 2.2 m3 was operated for over three months to evaluate its performance treating real recycled paper industry wastewater under different operational conditions. In this study, dissolved air floatation (DAF) and clarifier effluents were used as influent sources of the pilot plant. During the course of the study, the reactor was able to biodegrade the contaminants in the incoming recycled paper mill wastewater in terms of chemical oxygen demand (COD), adsorbable organic halides (AOX; specifically 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP)) and ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3-N) removal efficiencies at varying hydraulic retention times (HRTs) of 1-3 days, aeration rates (ARs) of 2.1-3.4 m3/min and influent feed concentration of 40-950 mg COD/l. Percentages of COD, 2,4-DCP and NH3-N removals increased with increasing HRT, resulting in more than 90% COD, 2,4-DCP and NH3-N removals at HRT values above two days. Degradation of COD, 2,4-DCP and NH3-N were seriously affected by variation of ARs, which resulted in significant decrease of COD, 2,4-DCP and NH3-N removals by decreasing ARs from 3.4 m3/min to 2.1 m3/min, varying in the ranges of 24-80%, 6-96% and 5-42%, respectively. In comparison to the clarifier effluent, the treatment performance of DAF effluent, containing high COD concentration, resulted in a higher COD removal of 82%. The use of diluted DAF effluent did not improve significantly the COD removal. Higher NH3-N removal efficiency of almost 100% was observed during operation after maintenance shutdown compared to normal operation, even at the same HRT of one day due to the higher dissolved oxygen concentrations (1-7 mg/l), while no significant difference in COD removal efficiency was observed.
Collapse
|
43
|
Musa AY, Mohamad AB, Kadhum AAH, Takriff MS, Ahmoda W. Quantum chemical studies on corrosion inhibition for series of thio compounds on mild steel in hydrochloric acid. J IND ENG CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2011.11.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
44
|
Musa AY, Ba-Abbad MM, Kadhum AAH, Mohamad AB. Photodegradation of chlorophenolic compounds using zinc oxide as photocatalyst: experimental and theoretical studies. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-011-0435-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
|
45
|
Kadhum AAH, Wasmi BA, Mohamad AB, Al-Amiery AA, Takriff MS. Preparation, characterization, and theoretical studies of azelaic acid derived from oleic acid by use of a novel ozonolysis method. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-011-0406-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
46
|
Kadhum AAH, Mohamad AB, Al-Amiery AA, Takriff MS. Antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of new metal complexes derived from 3-aminocoumarin. Molecules 2011; 16:6969-84. [PMID: 21844844 PMCID: PMC6264160 DOI: 10.3390/molecules16086969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2011] [Revised: 07/14/2011] [Accepted: 07/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
3-Aminocoumarin (L) has been synthesized and used as a ligand for the formation of Cr(III), Ni(II), and Cu(II) complexes. The chemical structures were characterized using different spectroscopic methods. The elemental analyses revealed that the complexes where M=Ni(II) and Cu(II) have the general formulae [ML(2)Cl(2)], while the Cr(III) complex has the formula [CrL(2)Cl(2)]Cl. The molar conductance data reveal that all the metal chelates, except the Cr(III) one, are non-electrolytes. From the magnetic and UV-Visible spectra, it is found that these complexes have octahedral structures. The stability for the prepared complexes was studied theoretically using Density Function Theory. The total energy for the complexes was calculated and it was shown that the copper complex is the most stable one. Complexes were tested against selected types of microbial organisms and showed significant activities. The free radical scavenging activity of metal complexes have been determined by measuring their interaction with the stable free radical DPPH and all the compounds have shown encouraging antioxidant activities.
Collapse
|
47
|
Al-Amiery AA, Musa AY, Kadhum AAH, Mohamad AB. The use of umbelliferone in the synthesis of new heterocyclic compounds. Molecules 2011; 16:6833-43. [PMID: 21832973 PMCID: PMC6264737 DOI: 10.3390/molecules16086833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2011] [Revised: 07/22/2011] [Accepted: 08/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
New coumarin derivatives, namely 7-[(5-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)methoxy]-2H-chromen-2-one, 5-[(2-oxo-2H-chromen-7-yloxy)methyl]-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2(3H)-one, 2-[2-(2-oxo-2H-chromen-7-yloxy)acetyl]-N-phenylhydrazinecarbothioamide, 7-[(5-(phenylamino)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)methoxy]-2H-chromen-2-one and 7-[(5-mercapto-4-phenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)methoxy]-2H-chromen-2-one were prepared starting from the natural compound umbelliferone. The newly synthesized compounds were characterized by elemental analysis and spectral studies (IR, ¹H-NMR and ¹³C-NMR).
Collapse
|
48
|
Al-Janabi KWS, Alazawi FN, Ibrahim Mohammed M, Kadhum AAH, Mohamad AB. Chlorophenols in Tigris River and drinking water of Baghdad, Iraq. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2011; 87:106-112. [PMID: 21614445 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-011-0315-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2011] [Accepted: 05/13/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A study was conducted on a stretch of Tigris river crossing Baghdad city to determine the concentration of some chlorophenols pollutants. Aqueous samples were preliminary enriched about 500 times and the chlorophenols have determined using high performance liquid chromatography HPLC. Limits of detection LOD were (0.007-0.012 mg L(-1)), relative standard deviations RSD% were 2.4%-5.59% and relative recoveries were 51.06%-104.07%. The existence of chlorophenols in Tigris river was in the range 0.023-4.596 mg L(-1). The developed method suggested in this study can be applied for routine analysis and monitoring of chlorinated phenols in environmental aqueous samples.
Collapse
|
49
|
Musa AY, Khadom AA, Kadhum AAH, Takriff MS, Mohamad AB. The role of 4-amino-5-phenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol in the inhibition of nickel–aluminum bronze alloy corrosion: electrochemical and DFT studies. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-011-0328-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
50
|
Batiha MA, Kadhum AAH, Batiha MM, Takriff MS, Mohamad AB. MAFRAM- a new fate and risk assessment methodology for non-volatile organic chemicals. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2010; 181:1080-1087. [PMID: 20576354 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.05.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2010] [Revised: 05/09/2010] [Accepted: 05/27/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The main goal of this paper was to introduce an environmental fate and risk assessment methodology for comparing and establishing the general features of new and existing non-volatile organic chemicals (NVOCs) used in agricultural activities, based on simple and readily available properties. This methodology is a computer program called the multimedia agricultural fate and risk assessment model (MAFRAM). This model is a combination of the EQC-2V model, which describes the fate of NVOCs, with the ecological relative risk (EcoRR) approach, which assesses the ecotoxicological risk to agro-ecosystems. MAFRAM divides the agricultural environment into two main zones, which are the on- and off-farm zones. Each zone is subdivided into six compartments, including the air, water, soil, sediment, aboveground plants, and roots. The required input data are the chemical-physical properties of the pesticide, biota data, and environmental properties. The MAFRAM output includes the inter-compartmental transport and transfer rates, the primary loss mechanisms, chemical concentration, amount, residence time, and the rank of risk in each compartment. In addition, it can provide several secondary results. The MAFRAM application was illustrated using typical homogenous region properties and was run with an illustrative emission rate of 1 kg/h into air, using spinosad as a case study.
Collapse
|