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Zhou M, Hu Y, Long X, Liu D, Liu L, Dong C, Wang J, Kong X. Diagnostic performance of magnetic resonance imaging for acute pulmonary embolism: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Thromb Haemost 2015; 13:1623-34. [PMID: 26179627 DOI: 10.1111/jth.13054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With ongoing technical developments, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has notably evolved for the assessment of the pulmonary vasculature. However, uncertainty persists about the performance of MRI for the diagnosis of acute pulmonary embolism (APE). OBJECTIVES To clarify the comprehensive role of MRI in diagnosing APE. METHODS Studies were identified through a search of Pubmed and Ovid databases, and the QUADAS-2 tool was applied for quality assessment of the included studies. RESULTS Fifteen studies based on patients and nine based on vessels were retrieved. The patient-based analysis yielded an overall sensitivity of 0.75 (95% confidence interval, 0.70-0.79) and 0.84 (0.80-0.87) for all patients and patients with technically adequate images, respectively, with an overall specificity of 0.80 (0.77-0.83) and 0.97 (0.96-0.98) and a pooled diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) of 51.07 (18.36-142.05) and 155.22 (86.83-277.47). On average, MRI was technically inadequate in 18.89% of patients (range, 2.10%-27.70%). A direct comparison of different MRI modalities showed that the combined MRI test had the highest pooled DOR and the lowest proportion of inconclusive images. Of note, heterogeneity and moderate quality were observed. On a vessel basis, the MRI had high sensitivity and specificity in larger-order vessels, but a significantly lower sensitivity of 0.55 (0.50-0.60) for subsegmental APE. CONCLUSIONS On a patient-based level, MRI yields high diagnostic accuracy for the detection of APE, especially in technically adequate images, and the inconclusive MRI examinations mainly result from motion artifact and poor arterial opacification. The combined MRI test appears to be a more promising diagnostic tool with greater power of discrimination than single techniques. From a vessel-based perspective, MRI exhibits a high diagnostic capability with proximal arteries, but lacks sensitivity for peripheral embolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Y Hu
- Tumor Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - X Long
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - D Liu
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - L Liu
- Tumor Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - C Dong
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - J Wang
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - X Kong
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Hu J, Chen S, Kong X, Zhu K, Cheng S, Zheng M, Jiang H, Luo C. Interaction between DNA/histone methyltransferases and their inhibitors. Curr Med Chem 2015; 22:360-72. [PMID: 25386815 DOI: 10.2174/0929867321666141106114538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic research has recently become one of the hotspots in the field of bioscience and drug design. DNA methylation and histone methylation serve a critical function in influencing gene expression and genome function. The inhibition of DNA and histone methyltransferases (DNMTs and HMTs) is a promising approach for the therapeutic treatment of numerous diseases, including cancer. This work reviews the recent achievements in methyltransferase crystallographic structure resolution and bioactive inhibitor screening. We discuss the features of DNA and HMT structures, as well as the mechanism and structure-function relationship of transferase inhibitors, to elucidate how methyltransferase and inhibitor interactions occur both internally and externally. This study briefly reviews the biological function, as well as the inhibitor discovery and development, of DNA/histone methyltransferases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - C Luo
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
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Kong X, Harris J, Spitznagel D, Walker J. SU-E-T-312: Dosimetric Consideration for the Agility MLC When Planning Rotational SRT/SBRT Treatments. Med Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4924673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Wang J, Zhang Z, Kong X, Wang H, Zhang S. Intraspecific and interspecific attraction of three Tomicus beetle species during the shoot-feeding phase. Bull Entomol Res 2015; 105:225-233. [PMID: 25632972 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485315000048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The shoot beetles Tomicus minor, Tomicus yunnanensis, and Tomicus brevipilosus have been decimating Pinus yunnanensis trees for more than 30 years in Southwestern China. To understand the chemical ecological relationship between pines and Tomicus, and among the three beetle species, we compared the attraction of these beetles to damaged shoots, extracts from damaged shoots, and volatiles from damaged shoots collected by the dynamic headspace sampling method. Experiments were performed using a modified open-arena olfactometer. The male T. minor and both sexes of T. brevipilosus were more strongly attracted to damaged shoots than to undamaged shoots and they showed attraction to shoots damaged by the same species. Female T. minor and both sexes of T. yunnanensis were attracted to shoots damaged by female T. brevipilosus. The three beetle species were attracted to shoot extracts and dynamic headspace volatiles from shoots damaged by the same species and sex. Female T. minor and male T. yunnanensis were also attracted to dynamic headspace volatiles from shoots damaged by both sexes of T. brevipilosus. The results suggested that specific semiochemicals that are induced or produced by T. brevipilosus also attract T. minor and T. yunnanensis. The semiochemicals in damaged shoots affect the attraction of the three beetle species and play an important chemical communication role in weakening the host trees during the beetles' shoot-feeding phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Wang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Protection of State Forest Administration,Research Institute of Forest Ecology,Environment and Protection,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091,China
| | - Z Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Protection of State Forest Administration,Research Institute of Forest Ecology,Environment and Protection,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091,China
| | - X Kong
- Key Laboratory of Forest Protection of State Forest Administration,Research Institute of Forest Ecology,Environment and Protection,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091,China
| | - H Wang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Protection of State Forest Administration,Research Institute of Forest Ecology,Environment and Protection,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091,China
| | - S Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Protection of State Forest Administration,Research Institute of Forest Ecology,Environment and Protection,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091,China
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Kong X, Ma L, Wu L, Chen H, Ma L, Sun Y, Wu W, Ji Z, Zhang Z, Yang C, Ye S, Chen S, Dai S, Xue Y, Qin G, Zou Y, Yu Q, Jiang L. Evaluation of clinical measurements and development of new diagnostic criteria for Takayasu arteritis in a Chinese population. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2015; 33:S-48-55. [PMID: 25738632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Takayasu arteritis (TA) is a chronic granulomatous large-vessel vasculitis. When diagnosing TA, the criteria designed by the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) are used commonly but they were just classification criteria. There is an urgent need for a new set of diagnostic criteria. METHODS One hundred and thirty-one TA patients and 132 control patients with other types of vascular disease were enrolled and both groups were distributed into a "training set" and a "validation set". All general information as well as clinical, laboratory and imaging data were collected. After comparing all the medical records of two groups in the training set, logistic regression and clinical judgment were used to form the new criteria for TA. The new criteria were tested by the validation set. RESULTS New TA diagnostic criteria within total score 26 include age (<40 years), female, chest pain/chest distress, amaurosis, vascular bruits, a decreased/absent pulse, involvement of the aortic arch or its major branches, and involvement of the abdominal aorta or its branches. Patients with a score ≥ 8 were diagnosed as TA. The sensitivity and specificity of our new criteria were 91.92% and 93.94%, respectively, higher than those of the ACR criteria (75.76%, 85.86%) and the Ishikawa criteria (56.57%, 94.95%). The areas under the ROC curves of the new criteria and ACR criteria were 0.981 and 0.868, respectively (p<0.001). Sensitivity and specificity tested in the validation set were 90.63% and 96.97%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The new diagnostic criteria exhibited high sensitivity and specificity and have demonstrated to be feasible in the diagnosis of TA.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Kong
- Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - L Ma
- Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - L Wu
- Department of Rheumatology, People's Hospital of Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - H Chen
- Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - L Ma
- Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Y Sun
- Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - W Wu
- Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Z Ji
- Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Z Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - C Yang
- Department of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - S Ye
- Department of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - S Chen
- Department of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - S Dai
- Department of Rheumatology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Y Xue
- Department of Rheumatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - G Qin
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Y Zou
- Department of Rheumatology, People's Hospital of Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Q Yu
- Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - L Jiang
- Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Affiliation(s)
- X Kong
- From the Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. No. 1 Shuaifuyuan Hutong of Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Yang
- From the Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. No. 1 Shuaifuyuan Hutong of Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, People's Republic of China
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Wang K, Kong X, Zhu Y, Wang J. Use of an intra-aortic balloon pump with chronic renal cardiac surgery. Clin Ter 2014; 165:e353-6. [PMID: 25366952 DOI: 10.7417/ct.2014.1762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the protective effect of an intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) on renal function during open-heart surgery in patients with chronic renal insufficiency. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seventeen patients with moderate renal insufficiency who underwent cardiac pulmonary bypass surgery were randomly assigned to receive either IABP or usual care (control group). In the IABP group, the IABP was inserted immediately after anesthesia, and built-in counterpulsation was continued during aortic blockade. The IABP was gradually removed when postoperative hemodynamics and renal function was recovered. Clinical parameters related to renal function, including urine output and serum creatinine levels, were recorded perioperatively. RESULTS Urine volume during surgery, postoperative usage of diuretics, and mechanical ventilation time were better in the IABP group than in the control group. Serum creatinine increased after surgery in both groups, but the increase was significantly smaller in the IABP group. CONCLUSIONS Preoperative use of IABP in patients with moderate renal insufficiency undergoing cardiac surgery can help protect renal function and may improve prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - X Kong
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Y Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - J Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, 300192, China
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Marusiak A, Edwards Z, Hugo W, Trotter E, Girotti M, Stephenson N, Kong X, Gartside M, Fawdar S, Hudson A, Breitwieser W, Hayward N, Marais R, Lo R, Brognard J. 76 Mixed lineage kinases activate MEK independently of RAF to mediate resistance to RAF inhibitors. Eur J Cancer 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(14)70202-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Lu Y, Zhong F, Wang X, Li H, Zhu Z, Kong X, Zhao J, Wu Q. Mechanism of motilin-mediated inhibition on voltage-dependent potassium currents in hippocampal neurons. Neuroscience 2014; 284:374-380. [PMID: 25168724 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Revised: 07/11/2014] [Accepted: 08/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The effects of motilin on voltage-dependent K+ currents in hippocampal neurons with the addition of L-arginine (L-AA), D-arginine (D-AA) and N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) were investigated in this study. METHODS Mice (1-3 days old) were randomly assigned to different groups according to the addition of motilin, L-AA, D-AA, and L-NAME. The K+ current signals were detected by the whole-cell patch-clamp technique. RESULTS Compared with the control group, the transient outward voltage-dependent K+ current was significantly inhibited by motilin added with L-AA. In contrast, the addition of motilin and L-NAME significantly increased the K+ current, while no significant change was detected by the addition of motilin accompanied with D-AA. CONCLUSION The inhibiting effects of motilin on the voltage-dependent K+ current in hippocampal neurons indicate that motilin acts as a regulatory factor for the nitric oxide pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Lu
- Department of Neonatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shanxi province 710061, China; Department of Physiology, Heze Medical College, Heze, Shandong Province, China.
| | - F Zhong
- Department of Stomatology, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266003, China.
| | - X Wang
- Department of Physiology, Heze Medical College, Heze, Shandong Province, China.
| | - H Li
- Department of Neonatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shanxi province 710061, China.
| | - Z Zhu
- Department of Neonatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shanxi province 710061, China; Shaanxi Province Biomedicine Key Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shanxi province, China.
| | - X Kong
- Department of Physiology, Heze Medical College, Heze, Shandong Province, China.
| | - J Zhao
- Department of Physiology, Heze Medical College, Heze, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Q Wu
- Department of Physiology, Heze Medical College, Heze, Shandong Province, China.
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Müller C, Kong X, Cai JM, Melentijević K, Stacey A, Markham M, Twitchen D, Isoya J, Pezzagna S, Meijer J, Du JF, Plenio MB, Naydenov B, McGuinness LP, Jelezko F. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy with single spin sensitivity. Nat Commun 2014; 5:4703. [PMID: 25146503 PMCID: PMC4143926 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2014] [Accepted: 07/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and magnetic resonance imaging at the ultimate sensitivity limit of single molecules or single nuclear spins requires fundamentally new detection strategies. The strong coupling regime, when interaction between sensor and sample spins dominates all other interactions, is one such strategy. In this regime, classically forbidden detection of completely unpolarized nuclei is allowed, going beyond statistical fluctuations in magnetization. Here we realize strong coupling between an atomic (nitrogen-vacancy) sensor and sample nuclei to perform nuclear magnetic resonance on four (29)Si spins. We exploit the field gradient created by the diamond atomic sensor, in concert with compressed sensing, to realize imaging protocols, enabling individual nuclei to be located with Angstrom precision. The achieved signal-to-noise ratio under ambient conditions allows single nuclear spin sensitivity to be achieved within seconds.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Müller
- 1] Institute for Quantum Optics, Albert-Einstein Allee 11, University of Ulm, Ulm D-89081, Germany [2] Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, University of Ulm, Ulm D-89081 Germany [3]
| | - X Kong
- 1] Institute for Quantum Optics, Albert-Einstein Allee 11, University of Ulm, Ulm D-89081, Germany [2] Department of Modern Physics, Hefei National Laboratory for Physics Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China [3] Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China [4]
| | - J-M Cai
- 1] Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, University of Ulm, Ulm D-89081 Germany [2] Institute for Theoretical Physics, Albert-Einstein Allee 11, University of Ulm, Ulm D-89081, Germany
| | - K Melentijević
- 1] Institute for Quantum Optics, Albert-Einstein Allee 11, University of Ulm, Ulm D-89081, Germany [2] Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, University of Ulm, Ulm D-89081 Germany
| | - A Stacey
- Element Six, Ltd., Ascot, Berkshire SL5 8BP, UK
| | - M Markham
- Element Six, Ltd., Ascot, Berkshire SL5 8BP, UK
| | - D Twitchen
- Element Six, Ltd., Ascot, Berkshire SL5 8BP, UK
| | - J Isoya
- Research Center for Knowledge Communities, University of Tsukuba, 1-2 Kasuga, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8550, Japan
| | - S Pezzagna
- Experimental Physics II, University Leipzig, Linnéstr. 5, 03401 Leipzig, Germany
| | - J Meijer
- Experimental Physics II, University Leipzig, Linnéstr. 5, 03401 Leipzig, Germany
| | - J F Du
- 1] Department of Modern Physics, Hefei National Laboratory for Physics Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China [2] Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - M B Plenio
- 1] Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, University of Ulm, Ulm D-89081 Germany [2] Institute for Theoretical Physics, Albert-Einstein Allee 11, University of Ulm, Ulm D-89081, Germany
| | - B Naydenov
- 1] Institute for Quantum Optics, Albert-Einstein Allee 11, University of Ulm, Ulm D-89081, Germany [2] Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, University of Ulm, Ulm D-89081 Germany
| | - L P McGuinness
- 1] Institute for Quantum Optics, Albert-Einstein Allee 11, University of Ulm, Ulm D-89081, Germany [2] Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, University of Ulm, Ulm D-89081 Germany
| | - F Jelezko
- 1] Institute for Quantum Optics, Albert-Einstein Allee 11, University of Ulm, Ulm D-89081, Germany [2] Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, University of Ulm, Ulm D-89081 Germany
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Peng W, Sibbritt DW, Hickman L, Kong X, Yang L, Adams J. A critical review of traditional Chinese medicine use amongst women with menopausal symptoms. Climacteric 2014; 17:635-44. [PMID: 24678630 DOI: 10.3109/13697137.2014.904850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To provide the first critical review of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) use amongst symptomatic menopausal women, drawing upon work examining the perspectives of both TCM users and TCM practitioners. METHODS A search was conducted in three English-language databases (MEDLINE, CINAHL and AMED) and three Chinese-language databases (CNKI, VIP and CBM Disc) for 2002-2013 international peer-reviewed articles reporting empirical findings of TCM use in menopause. RESULTS A total of 25 journal articles reporting 22 studies were identified as meeting the review inclusion criteria. Chinese herbal medicine appears to be the most common therapy amongst symptomatic menopausal women, and vasomotor symptoms and emotional changes are the most frequent symptoms for which TCM is sought. However, evidence regarding the prevalence of TCM use and users' profile in menopause is limited. Existing studies are of varied methodological quality, often reporting low response rate, extensive recall bias and a lack of syndrome differentiation. CONCLUSIONS This review provides insights for practitioners and health policy-makers regarding TCM care to symptomatic menopausal women. More nationally representative studies are required to rigorously examine TCM use for the management of menopausal symptoms. Syndrome differentiation of menopausal women is an area which also warrants further attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Peng
- Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney , Sydney, NSW , Australia
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Zhang D, Jiang S, Pan J, Kong X, Zhou Y, Liu Y, Li D. The overexpression of a maize mitogen-activated protein kinase gene (ZmMPK5) confers salt stress tolerance and induces defence responses in tobacco. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2014; 16:558-70. [PMID: 23952812 DOI: 10.1111/plb.12084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2013] [Accepted: 07/02/2013] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
As sessile organisms, plants are exposed to potential dangers, including multiple biotic and abiotic stresses. The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) is a universal signalling pathways involved in these processes. A previous study showed that maize ZmMPK5 is induced by various stimuli at transcriptional and post-translational levels. In this study, ZmMPK5 was overexpressed in tobacco to further analyse its biological functions. Under salt and oxidative stresses, ZmMPK5-overexpressing lines displayed less severe damage and stronger growth phenotypes corresponding to a series of physiological changes. In addition, the transgenic lines accumulated less reactive oxygen species (ROS) and had higher levels of antioxidant enzyme activity and metabolites than wild-type (WT) plants following NaCl treatment. Quantitative RT-PCR revealed that the expression of ROS-related and stress-responsive genes was higher in transgenic plants than in WT plants. Furthermore, transgenic lines exhibited enhanced resistance to viral pathogens, and expressed constitutively higher transcript levels of pathogenesis-related genes, such as PR1a, PR4, PR5 and EREBP. Taken together, these results demonstrated that ZmMPK5 is involved in salt stress, oxidative stress and pathogen defence signalling pathways, and its function may be at least partly devoted to efficiently eliminating ROS accumulation under salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
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He BJ, Nolte G, Nagata K, Takano D, Yamazaki T, Fujimaki Y, Maeda T, Satoh Y, Heckers S, George MS, Lopes da Silva F, de Munck JC, Van Houdt PJ, Verdaasdonk RM, Ossenblok P, Mullinger K, Bowtell R, Bagshaw AP, Keeser D, Karch S, Segmiller F, Hantschk I, Berman A, Padberg F, Pogarell O, Scharnowski F, Karch S, Hümmer S, Keeser D, Paolini M, Kirsch V, Koller G, Rauchmann B, Kupka M, Blautzik J, Pogarell O, Razavi N, Jann K, Koenig T, Kottlow M, Hauf M, Strik W, Dierks T, Gotman J, Vulliemoz S, Lu Y, Zhang H, Yang L, Worrell G, He B, Gruber O, Piguet C, Hubl D, Homan P, Kindler J, Dierks T, Kim K, Steinhoff U, Wakai R, Koenig T, Kottlow M, Melie-García L, Mucci A, Volpe U, Prinster A, Salvatore M, Galderisi S, Linden DEJ, Brandeis D, Schroeder CE, Kayser C, Panzeri S, Kleinschmidt A, Ritter P, Walther S, Haueisen J, Lau S, Flemming L, Sonntag H, Maess B, Knösche TR, Lanfer B, Dannhauer M, Wolters CH, Stenroos M, Haueisen J, Wolters C, Aydin U, Lanfer B, Lew S, Lucka F, Ruthotto L, Vorwerk J, Wagner S, Ramon C, Guan C, Ang KK, Chua SG, Kuah WK, Phua KS, Chew E, Zhou H, Chuang KH, Ang BT, Wang C, Zhang H, Yang H, Chin ZY, Yu H, Pan Y, Collins L, Mainsah B, Colwell K, Morton K, Ryan D, Sellers E, Caves K, Throckmorton S, Kübler A, Holz EM, Zickler C, Sellers E, Ryan D, Brown K, Colwell K, Mainsah B, Caves K, Throckmorton S, Collins L, Wennberg R, Ahlfors SP, Grova C, Chowdhury R, Hedrich T, Heers M, Zelmann R, Hall JA, Lina JM, Kobayashi E, Oostendorp T, van Dam P, Oosterhof P, Linnenbank A, Coronel R, van Dessel P, de Bakker J, Rossion B, Jacques C, Witthoft N, Weiner KS, Foster BL, Miller KJ, Hermes D, Parvizi J, Grill-Spector K, Recanzone GH, Murray MM, Haynes JD, Richiardi J, Greicius M, De Lucia M, Müller KR, Formisano E, Smieskova R, Schmidt A, Bendfeldt K, Walter A, Riecher-Rössler A, Borgwardt S, Fusar-Poli P, Eliez S, Schmidt A, Sekihara K, Nagarajan SS, Schoffelen JM, Guggisberg AG, Nolte G, Balazs S, Kermanshahi K, Kiesenhofer W, Binder H, Rattay F, Antal A, Chaieb L, Paulus W, Bodis-Wollner I, Maurer K, Fein G, Camchong J, Johnstone J, Cardenas-Nicolson V, Fiederer LDJ, Lucka F, Yang S, Vorwerk J, Dümpelmann M, Cosandier-Rimélé D, Schulze-Bonhage A, Aertsen A, Speck O, Wolters CH, Ball T, Fuchs M, Wagner M, Kastner J, Tech R, Dinh C, Haueisen J, Baumgarten D, Hämäläinen MS, Lau S, Vogrin SJ, D'Souza W, Haueisen J, Cook MJ, Custo A, Van De Ville D, Vulliemoz S, Grouiller F, Michel CM, Malmivuo J, Aydin U, Vorwerk J, Küpper P, Heers M, Kugel H, Wellmer J, Kellinghaus C, Scherg M, Rampp S, Wolters C, Storti SF, Boscolo Galazzo I, Del Felice A, Pizzini FB, Arcaro C, Formaggio E, Mai R, Manganotti P, Koessler L, Vignal J, Cecchin T, Colnat-Coulbois S, Vespignani H, Ramantani G, Maillard L, Rektor I, Kuba R, Brázdil M, Chrastina J, Rektorova I, van Mierlo P, Carrette E, Strobbe G, Montes-Restrepo V, Vonck K, Vandenberghe S, Ahmed B, Brodely C, Carlson C, Kuzniecky R, Devinsky O, French J, Thesen T, Bénis D, David O, Lachaux JP, Seigneuret E, Krack P, Fraix V, Chabardès S, Bastin J, Jann K, Gee D, Kilroy E, Cannon T, Wang DJ, Hale JR, Mayhew SD, Przezdzik I, Arvanitis TN, Bagshaw AP, Plomp G, Quairiaux C, Astolfi L, Michel CM, Mayhew SD, Mullinger KJ, Bagshaw AP, Bowtell R, Francis ST, Schouten AC, Campfens SF, van der Kooij H, Koles Z, Lind J, Flor-Henry P, Wirth M, Haase CM, Villeneuve S, Vogel J, Jagust WJ, Kambeitz-Ilankovic L, Simon-Vermot L, Gesierich B, Duering M, Ewers M, Rektorova I, Krajcovicova L, Marecek R, Mikl M, Bracht T, Horn H, Strik W, Federspiel A, Schnell S, Höfle O, Stegmayer K, Wiest R, Dierks T, Müller TJ, Walther S, Surmeli T, Ertem A, Eralp E, Kos IH, Skrandies W, Flüggen S, Klein A, Britz J, Díaz Hernàndez L, Ro T, Michel CM, Lenartowicz A, Lau E, Rodriguez C, Cohen MS, Loo SK, Di Lorenzo G, Pagani M, Monaco L, Daverio A, Giannoudas I, La Porta P, Verardo AR, Niolu C, Fernandez I, Siracusano A, Flor-Henry P, Lind J, Koles Z, Bollmann S, Ghisleni C, O'Gorman R, Poil SS, Klaver P, Michels L, Martin E, Ball J, Eich-Höchli D, Brandeis D, Salisbury DF, Murphy TK, Butera CD, Mathalon DH, Fryer SL, Kiehl KA, Calhoun VC, Pearlson GD, Roach BJ, Ford JM, McGlashan TH, Woods SW, Volpe U, Merlotti E, Vignapiano A, Montefusco V, Plescia GM, Gallo O, Romano P, Mucci A, Galderisi S, Mingoia G, Langbein K, Dietzek M, Wagner G, Smesny, Scherpiet S, Maitra R, Gaser C, Sauer H, Nenadic I, Gonzalez Andino S, Grave de Peralta Menendez R, Grave de Peralta Menendez R, Sanchez Vives M, Rebollo B, Gonzalez Andino S, Frølich L, Andersen TS, Mørup M, Belfiore P, Gargiulo P, Ramon C, Vanhatalo S, Cho JH, Vorwerk J, Wolters CH, Knösche TR, Watanabe T, Kawabata Y, Ukegawa D, Kawabata S, Adachi Y, Sekihara K, Sekihara K, Nagarajan SS, Wagner S, Aydin U, Vorwerk J, Herrmann C, Burger M, Wolters C, Lucka F, Aydin U, Vorwerk J, Burger M, Wolters C, Bauer M, Trahms L, Sander T, Faber PL, Lehmann D, Gianotti LRR, Pascual-Marqui RD, Milz P, Kochi K, Kaneko S, Yamashita S, Yana K, Kalogianni K, Vardy AN, Schouten AC, van der Helm FCT, Sorrentino A, Luria G, Aramini R, Hunold A, Funke M, Eichardt R, Haueisen J, Gómez-Aguilar F, Vázquez-Olvera S, Cordova-Fraga T, Castro-López J, Hernández-Gonzalez MA, Solorio-Meza S, Sosa-Aquino M, Bernal-Alvarado JJ, Vargas-Luna M, Vorwerk J, Magyari L, Ludewig J, Oostenveld R, Wolters CH, Vorwerk J, Engwer C, Ludewig J, Wolters C, Sato K, Nishibe T, Furuya M, Yamashiro K, Yana K, Ono T, Puthanmadam Subramaniyam N, Hyttinen J, Lau S, Güllmar D, Flemming L, Haueisen J, Sonntag H, Vorwerk J, Wolters CH, Grasedyck L, Haueisen J, Maeß B, Freitag S, Graichen U, Fiedler P, Strohmeier D, Haueisen J, Stenroos M, Hauk O, Grigutsch M, Felber M, Maess B, Herrmann B, Strobbe G, van Mierlo P, Vandenberghe S, Strobbe G, Cárdenas-Peña D, Montes-Restrepo V, van Mierlo P, Castellanos-Dominguez G, Vandenberghe S, Lanfer B, Paul-Jordanov I, Scherg M, Wolters CH, Ito Y, Sato D, Kamada K, Kobayashi T, Dalal SS, Rampp S, Willomitzer F, Arold O, Fouladi-Movahed S, Häusler G, Stefan H, Ettl S, Zhang S, Zhang Y, Li H, Kong X, Montes-Restrepo V, Strobbe G, van Mierlo P, Vandenberghe S, Wong DDE, Bidet-Caulet A, Knight RT, Crone NE, Dalal SS, Birot G, Spinelli L, Vulliémoz S, Seeck M, Michel CM, Emory H, Wells C, Mizrahi N, Vogrin SJ, Lau S, Cook MJ, Karahanoglu FI, Grouiller F, Caballero-Gaudes C, Seeck M, Vulliemoz S, Van De Ville D, Spinelli L, Megevand P, Genetti M, Schaller K, Michel C, Vulliemoz S, Seeck M, Genetti M, Tyrand R, Grouiller F, Vulliemoz S, Spinelli L, Seeck M, Schaller K, Michel CM, Grouiller F, Heinzer S, Delattre B, Lazeyras F, Spinelli L, Pittau F, Seeck M, Ratib O, Vargas M, Garibotto V, Vulliemoz S, Vogrin SJ, Bailey CA, Kean M, Warren AE, Davidson A, Seal M, Harvey AS, Archer JS, Papadopoulou M, Leite M, van Mierlo P, Vonck K, Boon P, Friston K, Marinazzo D, Ramon C, Holmes M, Koessler L, Rikir E, Gavaret M, Bartolomei F, Vignal JP, Vespignani H, Maillard L, Centeno M, Perani S, Pier K, Lemieux L, Clayden J, Clark C, Pressler R, Cross H, Carmichael DW, Spring A, Bessemer R, Pittman D, Aghakhani Y, Federico P, Pittau F, Grouiller F, Vulliémoz S, Gotman J, Badier JM, Bénar CG, Bartolomei F, Cruto C, Chauvel P, Gavaret M, Brodbeck V, van Leeuwen T, Tagliazzuchi E, Melloni L, Laufs H, Griskova-Bulanova I, Dapsys K, Klein C, Hänggi J, Jäncke L, Ehinger BV, Fischer P, Gert AL, Kaufhold L, Weber F, Marchante Fernandez M, Pipa G, König P, Sekihara K, Hiyama E, Koga R, Iannilli E, Michel CM, Bartmuss AL, Gupta N, Hummel T, Boecker R, Holz N, Buchmann AF, Blomeyer D, Plichta MM, Wolf I, Baumeister S, Meyer-Lindenberg A, Banaschewski T, Brandeis D, Laucht M, Natahara S, Ueno M, Kobayashi T, Kottlow M, Bänninger A, Koenig T, Schwab S, Koenig T, Federspiel A, Dierks T, Jann K, Natsukawa H, Kobayashi T, Tüshaus L, Koenig T, Kottlow M, Achermann P, Wilson RS, Mayhew SD, Assecondi S, Arvanitis TN, Bagshaw AP, Darque A, Rihs TA, Grouiller F, Lazeyras F, Ha-Vinh Leuchter R, Caballero C, Michel CM, Hüppi PS, Hauser TU, Hunt LT, Iannaccone R, Stämpfli P, Brandeis D, Dolan RJ, Walitza S, Brem S, Graichen U, Eichardt R, Fiedler P, Strohmeier D, Freitag S, Zanow F, Haueisen J, Lordier L, Grouiller F, Van de Ville D, Sancho Rossignol A, Cordero I, Lazeyras F, Ansermet F, Hüppi P, Schläpfer A, Rubia K, Brandeis D, Di Lorenzo G, Pagani M, Monaco L, Daverio A, Giannoudas I, Verardo AR, La Porta P, Niolu C, Fernandez I, Siracusano A, Tamura K, Karube C, Mizuba T, Matsufuji M, Takashima S, Iramina K, Assecondi S, Ostwald D, Bagshaw AP, Marecek R, Brazdil M, Lamos M, Slavícek T, Marecek R, Jan J, Meier NM, Perrig W, Koenig T, Minami T, Noritake Y, Nakauchi S, Azuma K, Minami T, Nakauchi S, Rodriguez C, Lenartowicz A, Cohen MS, Rodriguez C, Lenartowicz A, Cohen MS, Iramina K, Kinoshita H, Tamura K, Karube C, Kaneko M, Ide J, Noguchi Y, Cohen MS, Douglas PK, Rodriguez CM, Xia HJ, Zimmerman EM, Konopka CJ, Epstein PS, Konopka LM, Giezendanner S, Fisler M, Soravia L, Andreotti J, Wiest R, Dierks T, Federspiel A, Razavi N, Federspiel A, Dierks T, Hauf M, Jann K, Kamada K, Sato D, Ito Y, Okano K, Mizutani N, Kobayashi T, Thelen A, Murray M, Pastena L, Formaggio E, Storti SF, Faralli F, Melucci M, Gagliardi R, Ricciardi L, Ruffino G, Coito A, Macku P, Tyrand R, Astolfi L, He B, Wiest R, Seeck M, Michel C, Plomp G, Vulliemoz S, Fischmeister FPS, Glaser J, Schöpf V, Bauer H, Beisteiner R, Deligianni F, Centeno M, Carmichael DW, Clayden J, Mingoia G, Langbein K, Dietzek M, Wagner G, Smesny S, Scherpiet S, Maitra R, Gaser C, Sauer H, Nenadic I, Dürschmid S, Zaehle T, Pannek H, Chang HF, Voges J, Rieger J, Knight RT, Heinze HJ, Hinrichs H, Tsatsishvili V, Cong F, Puoliväli T, Alluri V, Toiviainen P, Nandi AK, Brattico E, Ristaniemi T, Grieder M, Crinelli RM, Jann K, Federspiel A, Wirth M, Koenig T, Stein M, Wahlund LO, Dierks T, Atsumori H, Yamaguchi R, Okano Y, Sato H, Funane T, Sakamoto K, Kiguchi M, Tränkner A, Schindler S, Schmidt F, Strauß M, Trampel R, Hegerl U, Turner R, Geyer S, Schönknecht P, Kebets V, van Assche M, Goldstein R, van der Meulen M, Vuilleumier P, Richiardi J, Van De Ville D, Assal F, Wozniak-Kwasniewska A, Szekely D, Harquel S, Bougerol T, David O, Bracht T, Jones DK, Horn H, Müller TJ, Walther S, Sos P, Klirova M, Novak T, Brunovsky M, Horacek J, Bares M, Hoschl C C, Fellhauer I, Zöllner FG, Schröder J, Kong L, Essig M, Schad LR, Arrubla J, Neuner I, Hahn D, Boers F, Shah NJ, Neuner I, Arrubla J, Hahn D, Boers F, Jon Shah N, Suriya Prakash M, Sharma R, Kawaguchi H, Kobayashi T, Fiedler P, Griebel S, Biller S, Fonseca C, Vaz F, Zentner L, Zanow F, Haueisen J, Rochas V, Rihs T, Thut G, Rosenberg N, Landis T, Michel C, Moliadze V, Schmanke T, Lyzhko E, Bassüner S, Freitag C, Siniatchkin M, Thézé R, Guggisberg AG, Nahum L, Schnider A, Meier L, Friedrich H, Jann K, Landis B, Wiest R, Federspiel A, Strik W, Dierks T, Witte M, Kober SE, Neuper C, Wood G, König R, Matysiak A, Kordecki W, Sieluzycki C, Zacharias N, Heil P, Wyss C, Boers F, Arrubla J, Dammers J, Kawohl W, Neuner I, Shah NJ, Braboszcz C, Cahn RB, Levy J, Fernandez M, Delorme A, Rosas-Martinez L, Milne E, Zheng Y, Urakami Y, Kawamura K, Washizawa Y, Hiyoshi K, Cichocki A, Giroud N, Dellwo V, Meyer M, Rufener KS, Liem F, Dellwo V, Meyer M, Jones-Rounds JD, Raizada R, Staljanssens W, Strobbe G, van Mierlo P, Van Holen R, Vandenberghe S, Pefkou M, Becker R, Michel C, Hervais-Adelman A, He W, Brock J, Johnson B, Ohla K, Hitz K, Heekeren K, Obermann C, Huber T, Juckel G, Kawohl W, Gabriel D, Comte A, Henriques J, Magnin E, Grigoryeva L, Ortega JP, Haffen E, Moulin T, Pazart L, Aubry R, Kukleta M, Baris Turak B, Louvel J, Crespo-Garcia M, Cantero JL, Atienza M, Connell S, Kilborn K, Damborská A, Brázdil M, Rektor I, Kukleta M, Koberda JL, Bienkiewicz A, Koberda I, Koberda P, Moses A, Tomescu M, Rihs T, Britz J, Custo A, Grouiller F, Schneider M, Debbané M, Eliez S, Michel C, Wang GY, Kydd R, Wouldes TA, Jensen M, Russell BR, Dissanayaka N, Au T, Angwin A, O'Sullivan J, Byrne G, Silburn P, Marsh R, Mellic G, Copland D, Bänninger A, Kottlow M, Díaz Hernàndez L, Koenig T, Díaz Hernàndez L, Bänninger A, Koenig T, Hauser TU, Iannaccone R, Mathys C, Ball J, Drechsler R, Brandeis D, Walitza S, Brem S, Boeijinga PH, Pang EW, Valica T, Macdonald MJ, Oh A, Lerch JP, Anagnostou E, Di Lorenzo G, Pagani M, Monaco L, Daverio A, Verardo AR, Giannoudas I, La Porta P, Niolu C, Fernandez I, Siracusano A, Shimada T, Matsuda Y, Monkawa A, Monkawa T, Hashimoto R, Watanabe K, Kawasaki Y, Matsuda Y, Shimada T, Monkawa T, Monkawa A, Watanabe K, Kawasaki Y, Stegmayer K, Horn H, Federspiel A, Razavi N, Bracht T, Laimböck K, Strik W, Dierks T, Wiest R, Müller TJ, Walther S, Koorenhof LJ, Swithenby SJ, Martins-Mourao A, Rihs TA, Tomescu M, Song KW, Custo A, Knebel JF, Murray M, Eliez S, Michel CM, Volpe U, Merlotti E, Vignapiano A, Montefusco V, Plescia GM, Gallo O, Romano P, Mucci A, Galderisi S, Laimboeck K, Jann K, Walther S, Federspiel A, Wiest R, Strik W, Horn H. Abstracts of Presentations at the International Conference on Basic and Clinical Multimodal Imaging (BaCI), a Joint Conference of the International Society for Neuroimaging in Psychiatry (ISNIP), the International Society for Functional Source Imaging (ISFSI), the International Society for Bioelectromagnetism (ISBEM), the International Society for Brain Electromagnetic Topography (ISBET), and the EEG and Clinical Neuroscience Society (ECNS), in Geneva, Switzerland, September 5-8, 2013. Clin EEG Neurosci 2013; 44:1550059413507209. [PMID: 24368763 DOI: 10.1177/1550059413507209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B J He
- National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Li X, Kong X, Wang Y, Yang Q. BRCC2 inhibits breast cancer cell growth and metastasis in vitro and in vivo via downregulating AKT pathway. Cell Death Dis 2013; 4:e757. [PMID: 23928696 PMCID: PMC3763451 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2013.290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2013] [Revised: 07/05/2013] [Accepted: 07/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In our previous study, we demonstrated that the BRCC2 (breast cancer cell 2) gene is a proapoptotic molecule that interacts with Bcl-XL. BRCC2 downregulation is associated with poor disease-free and overall survival in breast cancer. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of BRCC2 in tumor suppression in breast cancer. In clinical breast cancer samples, we found that BRCC2 expression was significantly downregulated in cancer lesions compared with paired normal breast tissues. By silencing or overexpressing BRCC2 in breast cancer cells, we found that BRCC2 could inhibit cell growth and metastasis in vitro. An in vivo assay showed that BRCC2 not only dramatically inhibited breast cancer cell xenograft formation and growth but also inhibited breast cancer cell metastasis in a lung metastasis model. Moreover, we demonstrated that BRCC2 inhibited breast cancer metastasis via regulation of the Akt pathway. Thus, our study provided evidence that BRCC2 functions as a novel tumor suppressor in breast cancer and may be a potential therapeutic target for breast cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Wenhua Xi Road No.107, Ji'nan 250012, China
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65
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Poliani E, Wagner MR, Reparaz JS, Mandl M, Strassburg M, Kong X, Trampert A, Sotomayor Torres CM, Hoffmann A, Maultzsch J. Nanoscale imaging of InN segregation and polymorphism in single vertically aligned InGaN/GaN multi quantum well nanorods by tip-enhanced Raman scattering. Nano Lett 2013; 13:3205-3212. [PMID: 23795596 DOI: 10.1021/nl401277y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Vertically aligned GaN nanorod arrays with nonpolar InGaN/GaN multi quantum wells (MQW) were grown by MOVPE on c-plane GaN-on-sapphire templates. The chemical and structural properties of single nanorods are optically investigated with a spatial resolution beyond the diffraction limit using tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS). This enables the local mapping of variations in the chemical composition, charge distribution, and strain in the MQW region of the nanorods. Nanoscale fluctuations of the In content in the InGaN layer of a few percent can be identified and visualized with a lateral resolution below 35 nm. We obtain evidence for the presence of indium clustering and the formation of cubic inclusions in the wurtzite matrix near the QW layers. These results are directly confirmed by high-resolution TEM images, revealing the presence of stacking faults and different polymorphs close to the surface near the MQW region. The combination of TERS and HRTEM demonstrates the potential of this nanoscale near-field imaging technique, establishing TERS as a very potent, comprehensive, and nondestructive tool for the characterization and optimization of technologically relevant semiconductor nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Poliani
- Institut für Festkörperphysik, Technische Universität Berlin , 10623 Berlin, Germany
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66
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Kong X, Zacarias A, Harris J. SU−E−T−289: Investigation of the Backscatter and Attenuation Effect of the IntraOp Mobetron Attenuation Plate. Med Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4814723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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67
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Jiang N, Shen Y, Fei X, Sheng K, Sun P, Qiu Y, Larner J, Cao L, Kong X, Mi J. Valosin-containing protein regulates the proteasome-mediated degradation of DNA-PKcs in glioma cells. Cell Death Dis 2013; 4:e647. [PMID: 23722536 PMCID: PMC3674378 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2013.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) has an important role in the repair of DNA damage and regulates the radiation sensitivity of glioblastoma cells. The VCP (valosine-containing protein), a chaperone protein that regulates ubiquitin-dependent protein degradation, is phosphorylated by DNA-PK and recruited to DNA double-strand break sites to regulate DNA damage repair. However, it is not clear whether VCP is involved in DNA-PKcs (DNA-PK catalytic subunit) degradation or whether it regulates the radiosensitivity of glioblastoma. Our data demonstrated that DNA-PKcs was ubiquitinated and bound to VCP. VCP knockdown resulted in the accumulation of the DNA-PKcs protein in glioblastoma cells, and the proteasome inhibitor MG132 synergised this increase. As expected, this increase promoted the efficiency of DNA repair in several glioblastoma cell lines; in turn, this enhanced activity decreased the radiation sensitivity and prolonged the survival fraction of glioblastoma cells in vitro. Moreover, the VCP knockdown in glioblastoma cells reduced the survival time of the xenografted mice with radiation treatment relative to the control xenografted glioblastoma mice. In addition, the VCP protein was also downregulated in ∼25% of GBM tissues from patients (WHO, grade IV astrocytoma), and the VCP protein level was correlated with patient survival (R2=0.5222, P<0.05). These findings demonstrated that VCP regulates DNA-PKcs degradation and increases the sensitivity of GBM cells to radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Jiang
- Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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68
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Albert S, Bengoechea-Encabo A, Sánchez-García MA, Kong X, Trampert A, Calleja E. Selective area growth of In(Ga)N/GaN nanocolumns by molecular beam epitaxy on GaN-buffered Si(111): from ultraviolet to infrared emission. Nanotechnology 2013; 24:175303. [PMID: 23558410 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/24/17/175303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Selective area growth of In(Ga)N/GaN nanocolumns was performed on GaN-buffered Si(111) substrates by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy. Undoped and Si-doped GaN buffer layers were first grown on Si(111) substrates, showing photoluminescence excitonic emission without traces of other low energy contributions, in particular, the yellow band. The GaN buffer surface roughness (between 10 and 14 nm, the rms value in a 10 × 10 μm(2) area) was low enough to allow the fabrication of a thin (7 nm thick) well defined Ti nanohole mask, for the selective area growth. Ordered In(Ga)N/GaN nanocolumns emitting from the ultraviolet (3.2 eV) to the infrared (0.78 eV) were obtained. The morphology and the emission efficiency of the In(Ga)N/GaN nanocolumns emitting at a given wavelength could be substantially improved by tuning the In/Ga and total III/N ratios. An estimated internal quantum efficiency of 36% was derived from photoluminescence data for green emitting nanocolumns.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Albert
- ISOM and Departamento Ingeniería Electrónica, ETSI Telecomunicación, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, Madrid, Spain
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69
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Abstract
Recent evidence indicates that nitric oxide (NO) plays an important role in plant hypersensitive cell death. Here, we report that NO treatment led to rapid cell death and induced hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) accumulation in maize leaves. We also show that NO induced the expression of Zmrboh genes. Pharmacological study suggests that NO-induced cell death is in part mediated via H(2)O(2). In addition, semi-quantitative RT-PCR revealed that NO induced expression of the systemic acquired resistance (SAR) genes, ZmPR1 and ZmPR5.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
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70
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LI KK, Luo L, Kong X, Li L, Luo C. Abstract P2-09-06: The structure design and biological activities of inhibitory peptides, which block the interactions among polycomb repressive complex 2. Cancer Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs12-p2-09-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Polycomb repressive complex (PRC2) contains several proteins, including embryonic ectoderm development (EED), suppressor of zeste 12 (SUZ12) and enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2). Excessive EZH2 concentrations have been reported as a marker of aggressive breast cancer and associated with invasion and cancer progression. EZH2 levels were elevated in patients with invasive breast carcinoma relative to normal or atypical hyperplasia. Except for the C-terminal SET domain, which functions as a histone-lysine N-methyltransferases, EZH2 has an N-terminal alpha helix region, which forms tight complex with EED protein. The in vivo enzymatic activity of EZH2 relies on and be tightly regulated by the interaction with EED. We designed series of artificial peptides trying to block the interaction between EZH2 and EED. By using label-free surface plasmon resonance (SPR) technology, the dynamic binding capacities of these peptides were tested. There were 3 leading structures standing out from the screening of more 80 peptides. After several round of co-crystal structure based optimization, the binding capacity of one inhibitor was reached to several nM levels, which indicated the availability for being a drug candidate. Finally, the biological activities of the inhibitory peptides were tested in several breast cancer cell lines. The PRC2 inhibitory peptides in this study are the first time reported PRC2 targeting epigenetic molecules with biological activity in breast cancer.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-09-06.
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Affiliation(s)
- KK LI
- Rui Jin Hospital Affiliated with the Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin Road II, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - L Luo
- Rui Jin Hospital Affiliated with the Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin Road II, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - X Kong
- Rui Jin Hospital Affiliated with the Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin Road II, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - L Li
- Rui Jin Hospital Affiliated with the Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin Road II, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - C Luo
- Rui Jin Hospital Affiliated with the Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin Road II, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, Shanghai, China
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71
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Kong X, Albert S, Bengoechea-Encabo A, Sanchez-Garcia MA, Calleja E, Trampert A. Plasmon excitation in electron energy-loss spectroscopy for determination of indium concentration in (In,Ga)N/GaN nanowires. Nanotechnology 2012; 23:485701. [PMID: 23123435 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/23/48/485701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate the potential of low-loss electron energy-loss spectroscopy in transmission electron microscopy as a quick and straightforward method to determine the local indium compositions in (In,Ga)N/GaN nanowires. The (In,Ga)N/GaN nanowire heterostructures are grown by plasma assisted molecular beam epitaxy on Si(111) substrates in a self-assembled way, and on patterned GaN templates in an ordered way. A wide range of indium contents is realized by varying the substrate temperatures. The plasmon peak in low-loss electron energy-loss spectroscopy exhibits a linear relation with respect to indium concentration in (In,Ga)N nanowires, allowing for a direct compositional analysis. The high spatial resolution of this method in combination with structural information from transmission electron microscopy will contribute to a basic understanding of the lattice pulling effect during (In,Ga)N/GaN nanowire growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Kong
- Paul-Drude-Institut für Festkörperelektronik, Berlin, Germany.
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72
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Killikelly A, Zhang H, Spurrier B, Williams C, Gorny MK, Zolla-Pazner S, Kong X. Biophysical dissection of the antigen-antibody interaction of the broadly reactive anti-V3 human mAb 447-52D. Retrovirology 2012. [PMCID: PMC3442099 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-9-s2-p67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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73
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Murphy MK, Yue L, Pan R, Boliar S, Sethi A, Karita E, Allen SA, Cormier E, Robinson JE, Gnanakaran S, Hunter E, Kong X, Derdeyn CA. Sequential exposure to specific antibody escape mutations may program neutralization breadth during subtype A HIV-1 infection. Retrovirology 2012. [PMCID: PMC3441627 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-9-s2-p104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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74
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Pan R, Sampson JM, Chen Y, Vaine M, Wang S, Lu S, Kong X. Structural analyses of antigen binding similarities and differences between rabbit and human anti-gp120 V3 mAbs. Retrovirology 2012. [PMCID: PMC3442065 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-9-s2-p76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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75
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Sampson JM, Killikelly A, Zhang H, Gorny MK, Zolla-Pazner S, Kong X. High-resolution crystal structure of the Fv of quaternary neutralizing epitope mAb 2909 reveals atomic details of its antigen-binding site. Retrovirology 2012. [PMCID: PMC3442074 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-9-s2-p79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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76
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O'Connell O, Repik A, Reeves JD, Gonzalez-Perez MP, Quitadamo B, Duenas-Decamp M, Peters P, Lin R, Anton ED, Zolla-Pazner S, Corti D, Wallace A, Wang S, Kong X, Lu S, Clapham PR. The efficiency of bridging sheet recruitment determines HIV-1 R5 envelope sensitivity to soluble CD4 and macrophage tropism. Retrovirology 2012. [PMCID: PMC3441583 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-9-s2-p141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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77
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Chen Y, Vaine M, Kong X, Montefiori D, Wang S, Lu S. A novel rabbit monoclonal antibody platform to dissect the diverse repertoire of antibody epitopes for HIV-1 Env immunogen design. Retrovirology 2012. [PMCID: PMC3442079 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-9-s2-p83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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78
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Chiu Y, Jiang X, Kumar R, Hioe CE, Zolla-Pazner S, Kong X. Skin tattooing as an effective tool for delivering DNA and protein vaccine immunogens. Retrovirology 2012. [PMCID: PMC3441817 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-9-s2-p338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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79
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Spurrier B, Pan R, Sampson J, Williams C, Gorny M, Zolla-Pazner S, Kong X. Crystal structure analysis of anti-V2 mAb 2158 suggests a conformational epitope involving an N-linked glycan. Retrovirology 2012. [PMCID: PMC3442101 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-9-s2-p70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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80
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Kong X, Clausen C, Wang S. SU-E-T-598: Clinical Experience of Configuration, Commission and Implementation for SmartArc with MOSAIQ R&V System. Med Phys 2012; 39:3843. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4735687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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81
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Ma Y, Zhou T, Kong X, C. Hider R. Chelating Agents for the Treatment of Systemic Iron Overload. Curr Med Chem 2012; 19:2816-27. [DOI: 10.2174/092986712800609724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2011] [Revised: 01/18/2012] [Accepted: 01/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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82
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Shen Y, Wang Y, Sheng K, Fei X, Guo Q, Larner J, Kong X, Qiu Y, Mi J. Serine/threonine protein phosphatase 6 modulates the radiation sensitivity of glioblastoma. Cell Death Dis 2011; 2:e241. [PMID: 22158480 PMCID: PMC3252736 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2011.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Increasing the sensitivity of glioblastoma cells to radiation is a promising approach to improve survival in patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). This study aims to determine if serine/threonine phosphatase (protein phosphatase 6 (PP6)) is a molecular target for GBM radiosensitization treatment. The GBM orthotopic xenograft mice model was used in this study. Our data demonstrated that the protein level of PP6 catalytic subunit (PP6c) was upregulated in the GBM tissue from about 50% patients compared with the surrounding tissue or control tissue. Both the in vitro survival fraction of GBM cells and the patient survival time were highly correlated or inversely correlated with PP6c expression (R2=0.755 and −0.707, respectively). We also found that siRNA knockdown of PP6c reduced DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) activity in three different GBM cell lines, increasing their sensitivity to radiation. In the orthotopic mice model, the overexpression of PP6c in GBM U87 cells attenuated the effect of radiation treatment, and reduced the survival time of mice compared with the control mice, while the PP6c knocking-down improved the effect of radiation treatment, and increased the survival time of mice. These findings demonstrate that PP6 regulates the sensitivity of GBM cells to radiation, and suggest small molecules disrupting or inhibiting PP6 association with DNA-PK is a potential radiosensitizer for GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Shen
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Institute of Medical Science, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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83
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Kong X, Ristić J, Sanchez-Garcia MA, Calleja E, Trampert A. Polarity determination by electron energy-loss spectroscopy: application to ultra-small III-nitride semiconductor nanocolumns. Nanotechnology 2011; 22:415701. [PMID: 21914935 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/22/41/415701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Channeling-enhanced electron energy-loss spectroscopy is applied to determine the polarity of ultra-small nitride semiconductor nanocolumns in transmission electron microscopy. The technique demonstrates some practical advantages in the nanostructure analysis, especially for feature sizes of less than 50 nm. We have studied GaN and (Al, Ga)N nanocolumns grown in a self-assembled way by molecular beam epitaxy directly on bare Si(111) substrates and on AlN buffer layers, respectively. The GaN nanocolumns on Si show an N polarity, while the (Al, Ga)N nanocolumns on an AlN buffer exhibit a Ga polarity. The different polarities of nanocolumns grown in a similar procedure are interpreted in terms of the specific interface bonding configurations. Our investigation contributes to the understanding of polarity control in III-nitride nanocolumn growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Kong
- Paul-Drude-Institut für Festkörperelektronik, Berlin, Germany
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84
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Fan YX, Song J, Shen HB, Kong X. PredCSF: an integrated feature-based approach for predicting conotoxin superfamily. Protein Pept Lett 2011; 18:261-7. [PMID: 20955172 DOI: 10.2174/092986611794578341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2010] [Accepted: 10/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Conotoxins are small disulfide-rich peptides that are invaluable channel-targeted peptides and target neuronal receptors. They show prospects for being potent pharmaceuticals in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and epilepsy. Accurate and fast prediction of conotoxin superfamily is very helpful towards the understanding of its biological and pharmacological functions especially in the post-genomic era. In the present study, we have developed a novel approach called PredCSF for predicting the conotoxin superfamily from the amino acid sequence directly based on fusing different kinds of sequential features by using modified one-versus-rest SVMs. The input features to the PredCSF classifiers are composed of physicochemical properties, evolutionary information, predicted second structure and amino acid composition, where the most important features are further screened by random forest feature selection to improve the prediction performance. The prediction results show that PredCSF can obtain an overall accuracy of 90.65% based on a benchmark dataset constructed from the most recent database, which consists of 4 main conotoxin superfamilies and 1 class of non-conotoxin class. Systematic experiments also show that combing different features is helpful for enhancing the prediction power when dealing with complex biological problems. PredCSF is expected to be a powerful tool for in silico identification of novel conotonxins and is freely available for academic use at http://www.csbio.sjtu.edu.cn/bioinf/PredCSF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Xian Fan
- Department of Automation, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
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85
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Song K, Nelson MR, Aponte J, Manas ES, Bacanu SA, Yuan X, Kong X, Cardon L, Mooser VE, Whittaker JC, Waterworth DM. Sequencing of Lp-PLA2-encoding PLA2G7 gene in 2000 Europeans reveals several rare loss-of-function mutations. Pharmacogenomics J 2011; 12:425-31. [PMID: 21606947 PMCID: PMC3449231 DOI: 10.1038/tpj.2011.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Elevated plasma levels of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) activity have been shown to be associated with increased risk of coronary heart disease and an inhibitor of this enzyme is under development for the treatment of that condition. A Val279Phe null allele in this gene, that may influence patient eligibility for treatment, is relatively common in East Asians but has not been observed in Europeans. We investigated the existence and functional effects of low frequency alleles in a Western European population by re-sequencing the exons of PLA2G7 in 2000 samples. In all, 19 non-synonymous single-nucleotide polymorphisms (nsSNPs) were found, 14 in fewer than four subjects (minor allele frequency <0.1%). Lp-PLA2 activity was significantly lower in rare nsSNP carriers compared with non-carriers (167.8±63.2 vs 204.6±41.8, P=0.01) and seven variants had enzyme activities consistent with a null allele. The cumulative frequency of these null alleles was 0.25%, so <1 in 10 000 Europeans would be expected to be homozygous, and thus not potentially benefit from treatment with an Lp-PLA2 inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Song
- Department of Genetics, GlaxoSmithKline, Upper Merion, PA, USA
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86
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Xie X, Guo F, Song X, Zhang Q, Kong X, Li C, Li Z, Qu S, Liu Z, Piao Y, Zheng Z. Efficacy and toxicity of sorafenib in patients with advanced renal cell cancer in northeast China: A multicenter study. J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.e15046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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87
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Li Y, Li M, Yao G, Geng N, Xie Y, Feng Y, Zhang P, Kong X, Xue J, Cheng S, Zhou J, Xiao L. Telomerase inhibition strategies by siRNAs against either hTR or hTERT in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Gene Ther 2011; 18:318-25. [PMID: 21233858 DOI: 10.1038/cgt.2010.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Human telomerase RNA (hTR) and human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) are considered effective molecular targets for current anticancer therapy. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic effects of targeting hTR and hTERT individually or in combination by recombinant adenovirus-delivered small interfering RNA (siRNA) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) Tca8113. Further, we screened the optimal strategy for RNA interference. Our results show that these different recombinant adenoviruses specifically reduced the levels of hTR mRNA, hTERT mRNA, hTERT protein and telomerase activity in Tca8113 cells. Moreover, they successfully inhibited xenograft tumor growth in nude mice. The potency of their antitumor activities was ranked as follows: anti-hTR >anti-hTR+anti-hTERT >anti-hTERT. Therefore, we demonstrated that the siRNA-expressing recombinant adenoviruses were an effective anticancer tool for treatment of OSCC. Furthermore, the anticancer effect of solely targeting hTR was more direct and efficient, compared with the effect of targeting hTR and hTERT in combination, or hTERT exclusively. The mechanism of this anticancer effect in OSCC was not only related to the inhibition of cell proliferation and the induction of cell apoptosis, but might also involve the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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88
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Ye R, Zhang X, Kong X, Han J, Yang Q, Zhang Y, Chen Y, Li P, Liu J, Shi M, Xiong L, Zhao G. Ginsenoside Rd attenuates mitochondrial dysfunction and sequential apoptosis after transient focal ischemia. Neuroscience 2011; 178:169-80. [PMID: 21219973 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2010] [Revised: 12/23/2010] [Accepted: 01/02/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
We previously found that ginsenoside Rd (Rd), one of the major active ingredients in Panax ginseng, protects neuronal cells from hydrogen peroxide and oxygen-glucose deprivation, an in vitro model of cerebral ischemia. In this study, we examined the protective effects of Rd in an animal model of focal cerebral ischemia. Rats administered with Rd or vehicle were subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Rd (50 mg/kg) significantly reduced the infarct volume by 52.8%. This reduction of injury volume was associated with an improvement in neurological function and was sustained for at least 2 weeks after the induction of ischemia. To evaluate the underlying mechanisms of Rd against stroke, brain tissues were assayed for mitochondrial enzyme activities, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), energy metabolites, and apoptosis. Rd markedly protected mitochondria as indicated by preserved respiratory chain complex activities and aconitase activity, lowered mitochondrial hydrogen peroxide production, and hyperpolarized MMP. Microdialysis results illustrated that Rd significantly decreased the accumulation of lactate, the end product of anaerobic glycolysis, and increased pyruvate, the end product of aerobic glycolysis, hence inducing a lower lactate/pyruvate ratio. Additionally, in vitro studies further exhibited that Rd protected isolated mitochondria from calcium-induced damage by attenuating mitochondrial swelling, preserving MMP and decreasing ROS production. Moreover, Rd treatment reduced mitochondrial release of cytochrome c (CytoC) and apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF), thereby minimizing mitochondria-mediated apoptosis following ischemia. In conclusion, these findings demonstrated that Rd exerts neuroprotective effects in transient focal ischemia, which may involve an integrated process of the mitochondrial protection, energy restoration and inhibition of apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Ye
- Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, PR China
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89
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Kong X, Domier CW, Luhmann NC. Antenna development for high field plasma imaging. Rev Sci Instrum 2010; 81:10D923. [PMID: 21033955 DOI: 10.1063/1.3479117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Electron cyclotron emission imaging (ECEI) and microwave imaging reflectometry (MIR) are two microwave nonperturbing plasma visualization techniques that employ millimeter-wave imaging arrays with lens-coupled planar antennas, yielding time-resolved images of temperature (via ECEI) and electron density (via MIR) fluctuations within high temperature magnetic fusion plasmas. A series of new planar antennas have been developed that extend this technology to frequencies as high as 220 GHz for use on high field plasma devices with toroidal fields in excess of 3 T. Antenna designs are presented together with theoretical calculations, simulations, and experimental measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Kong
- Department of Applied Science, University of California at Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA
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90
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Liang T, Tobias B, Kong X, Domier CW, Luhmann NC, Lee W, Yun GS, Park HK. Innovations in optical coupling of the KSTAR electron cyclotron emission imaging diagnostic. Rev Sci Instrum 2010; 81:10D909. [PMID: 21033941 DOI: 10.1063/1.3478637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The installation of a new electron cyclotron emission imaging diagnostic for the Korea Superconducting Tokamak Advanced Research (KSTAR) is underway, making use of a unique optical port cassette design, which allows placement of refractive elements inside the cryostat region without adverse effects. The result is unprecedented window access for the implementation of a state of the art imaging diagnostic. A dual-array optical design has been developed, capable of simultaneously imaging the high and low field sides of the plasma with independent features of focal plane translation, vertical zoom, and radial channel spacing. The number of translating optics has been minimized by making use of a zoom lens triplet and parabolic plasma facing lens for maximum channel uniformity over a continuous vertical zoom range of 3:1. The simulated performance of this design is presented along with preliminary laboratory characterization data.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Liang
- University of California at Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA.
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91
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Yun GS, Lee W, Choi MJ, Kim JB, Park HK, Domier CW, Tobias B, Liang T, Kong X, Luhmann NC, Donné AJH. Development of KSTAR ECE imaging system for measurement of temperature fluctuations and edge density fluctuations. Rev Sci Instrum 2010; 81:10D930. [PMID: 21033958 DOI: 10.1063/1.3483209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The ECE imaging (ECEI) diagnostic tested on the TEXTOR tokamak revealed the sawtooth reconnection physics in unprecedented detail, including the first observation of high-field-side crash and collective heat transport [H. K. Park, N. C. Luhmann, Jr., A. J. H. Donné et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 195003 (2006)]. An improved ECEI system capable of visualizing both high- and low-field sides simultaneously with considerably better spatial coverage has been developed for the KSTAR tokamak in order to capture the full picture of core MHD dynamics. Direct 2D imaging of other MHD phenomena such as tearing modes, edge localized modes, and even Alfvén eigenmodes is expected to be feasible. Use of ECE images of the optically thin edge region to recover 2D electron density changes during L/H mode transitions is also envisioned, providing powerful information about the underlying physics. The influence of density fluctuations on optically thin ECE is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- G S Yun
- Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyungbuk 790-784, South Korea.
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92
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Tobias B, Domier CW, Liang T, Kong X, Yu L, Yun GS, Park HK, Classen IGJ, Boom JE, Donné AJH, Munsat T, Nazikian R, Van Zeeland M, Boivin RL, Luhmann NC. Commissioning of electron cyclotron emission imaging instrument on the DIII-D tokamak and first data. Rev Sci Instrum 2010; 81:10D928. [PMID: 21033956 DOI: 10.1063/1.3460456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A new electron cyclotron emission imaging diagnostic has been commissioned on the DIII-D tokamak. Dual detector arrays provide simultaneous two-dimensional images of T(e) fluctuations over radially distinct and reconfigurable regions, each with both vertical and radial zoom capability. A total of 320 (20 vertical×16 radial) channels are available. First data from this diagnostic demonstrate the acquisition of coherent electron temperature fluctuations as low as 0.1% with excellent clarity and spatial resolution. Details of the diagnostic features and capabilities are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Tobias
- University of California at Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA.
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93
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94
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Bakke PS, Zhu G, Gulsvik A, Kong X, Agusti AGN, Calverley PMA, Donner CF, Levy RD, Make BJ, Pare PD, Rennard SI, Vestbo J, Wouters EFM, Anderson W, Lomas DA, Silverman EK, Pillai SG. Candidate genes for COPD in two large data sets. Eur Respir J 2010; 37:255-63. [DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00091709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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95
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Zhang W, Cao X, Chen D, Wang J, Yang H, Moahapatra S, Hellermann G, Kong X, Lockey R, Moahapatra S. Atrial Natriuretic Peptide Receptor Signaling Plays a Critical Role in Induction of Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2009.12.889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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96
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Zolla-Pazner S, Kong X, Cardozo T, Hioe C, Cohen S, Jiang X, Gorny MK, Totrov M, Pinter A, Krachmarov C, Seaman MS, Wang S, Lu S. P04-09. Induction of cross-clade neutralizing antibodies with a prime/boost vaccine strategy focused on a neutralizing epitope. Retrovirology 2009. [PMCID: PMC2767881 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-6-s3-p37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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97
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Almond D, Kimura T, Kong X, Swetnam J, Zolla-Pazner S, Cardozo T. P19-21. Sequence variability in the crown of the V3 loop of the HIV-1 envelope is clustered within a small 3D structural zone. Retrovirology 2009. [PMCID: PMC2767850 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-6-s3-p341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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98
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Jiang X, Totrov M, Sampson J, Williams C, Gorny MK, Zollla-Pazner S, Kong X. P04-42. Molecular design of a mimotope that preserves conserved structural elements of the HIV-1 V3 crown. Retrovirology 2009. [PMCID: PMC2767974 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-6-s3-p70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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99
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Tobias B, Kong X, Liang T, Spear A, Domier CW, Luhmann NC, Classen IGJ, Boom JE, van de Pol MJ, Jaspers R, Donné AJH, Park HK, Munsat T. Advancements in electron cyclotron emission imaging demonstrated by the TEXTOR ECEI diagnostic upgrade. Rev Sci Instrum 2009; 80:093502. [PMID: 19791937 DOI: 10.1063/1.3233913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A new TEXTOR electron cyclotron emission imaging system has been developed and employed, providing a diagnostic with new features and enhanced capabilities when compared to the legacy system it replaces. Optical coupling to the plasma has been completely redesigned, making use of new minilens arrays for reduced optical aberration and providing the new feature of vertical zoom, whereby the vertical coverage is now remotely adjustable on a shot-by-shot basis from 20-35 cm. Other innovations, such as the implementation of stacked quasioptical planar notch filters, allow for the diagnostic to be operated without interruption or degradation in performance during electron cyclotron resonance heating. Successful commissioning of the new diagnostic and a demonstration of the improved capabilities are presented in this paper, along with a discussion of the new technologies employed.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Tobias
- University of California at Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA
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100
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Kong X, Wang S. SU-FF-T-230: Clinical Implementation of the First RapidArc Treatment Within MOSAIQ Environment: Dosimetric Validation and QA Considerations. Med Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3181706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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