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Hsieh CC, Chao AS, Chang YL, Kuo DM, Hsieh TT, Hung HT. Outcome of congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation of the lung after antenatal diagnosis. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2005; 89:99-102. [PMID: 15847870 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijgo.2004.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2004] [Revised: 11/11/2004] [Accepted: 11/24/2004] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We evaluated the outcome of fetuses diagnosed with having congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation (CCAM) on ultrasonographic examination and managed conservatively. METHODS A retrospective study of 19 cases of CCAM diagnosed antenatally in our hospital was conducted between 1990 and 2001. Complete clinical information was available for all patients, with a mean follow-up of 62 months. RESULTS The median gestational age at which CCAM was diagnosed was 23 weeks and there were eight live births. With conservative postnatal management, seven neonates had no major complications and one developed bronchopneumonia. CONCLUSION Taken together, the findings of the present study and a review of the literature strongly support the conservative management of selected neonates with CCAM.
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Chang YL, Chen L, Hsiao MK, Chen JJ, Lin KC. Reaction pathway for the nonadiabatic reaction of Ca(4s3d 1D)+H2-->CaH(X 2Sigma+)+H. J Chem Phys 2005; 122:84315. [PMID: 15836047 DOI: 10.1063/1.1850463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The reaction pathway and the nascent CaH product distribution in the reaction Ca(4s3d (1)D)+H(2)-->CaH(X (2)Sigma(+))+H are obtained using a pump-probe technique. The Ca atom is first prepared in the 3 (1)D state by a two-photon absorption, and then in brief time delay the laser-induced fluorescence of the reaction product CaH is monitored. The CaH(v=0,1) distributions appear to be single peaked, as characterized by Boltzmann rotational temperature of 807+/-38 K (v=0) and 684+/-77 K (v=1). The vibrational population ratio of CaH(v=0)/CaH(v=1) is determined to be 3.3+/-0.1, while the v=2 population is not detectable. The fractions of the available energy partitioning into rotation, vibration, and translation are estimated to be 0.36+/-0.05, 0.28+/-0.04, and 0.36+/-0.05, respectively. With the aid of the potential energy surfaces calculations, the current reaction should favor a near C(2v) collision configuration. The temperature dependence measurement yields a positive slope, indicative of the reaction occurrence without any potential barrier. The colliding species are anticipated to follow an attractive 1B(2) (or 2A') surface and then transit nonadiabatically to the reactive ground state surface.
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Shih JC, Hsu WC, Chou HC, Peng SS, Chen LK, Chang YL, Hsieh FJ. Prenatal three-dimensional ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging evaluation of a fetal oral tumor in preparation for the ex-utero intrapartum treatment (EXIT) procedure. ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY 2005; 25:76-79. [PMID: 15619317 DOI: 10.1002/uog.1791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Recent attempts at predelivery management of obstructed fetal airways have focused on the EXIT (ex-utero intrapartum treatment) procedure, which allows sufficient time to secure the fetal airway through preservation of uteroplacental gas exchange. We report a fetus with an exophytic oral tumor noted at 34 weeks of gestation. In this case, three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound allowed a complete and interactive evaluation of the tumor and related facial anatomy, and confirmed that access to the fetal airway was unlikely during delivery. Fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) further demonstrated that the tumor originated in the nasopharynx and obstructed the upper airway. Both imaging results led to a final decision to offer an EXIT procedure for the neonate. At 36 weeks' gestation, a successful EXIT procedure was performed to reduce the risk of respiratory distress immediately after birth. This report highlights the value of 3D ultrasound and MRI as essential prerequisites for optimization of the triage process in selecting EXIT candidates.
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Wang CW, Chang YL, Horng SG, Chueh HY, Soong YK, Chiu HC. Pitfalls in the differential diagnosis of a pelvic cyst: lessons from a post-menopausal woman with bladder diverticulum. Int J Clin Pract 2004; 58:894-6. [PMID: 15529526 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-1241.2004.00200.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a case of non-obstructive bladder diverticulum in a 75-year-old post-menopausal woman. An ovarian cyst was previously suspected, which resulted in a futile exploratory laparotomy without making any definite diagnosis, 1 year earlier. During this admission, transvaginal ultrasound-guided cyst aspiration was arranged to determine the nature of the presumed 'recurrent' cyst and to relieve the symptoms. Prior to cyst aspiration, up to 700 ml of urine through urinary catheterisation and the gradual disappearance of the 'cyst' alerted us to the possibility of a bladder diverticulum, which was later confirmed by retrograde cystography. This case illustrates the lessons that despite considerable researches having been done on enhancing sonographic accuracy, diagnosis based on imaging alone is likely to be associated with multiple pitfalls. Recognising the common pitfalls and integrating clinical information and alertness with ultrasonic features remains the mainstay of sonographic differential diagnosis.
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Tung KL, Chang YL, Lai JY, Chang CH, Chuang CJ. A CFD study of the deep bed filtration mechanism for submicron/nano-particle suspension. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2004; 50:255-264. [PMID: 15686029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism of the deep bed filtration for submicron and nano particles suspension was conducted by means of a force analysis on the suspended particles flow path through order-packed granular filter beds. The flow fields through the filter beds were calculated by using the commercial available CFD software--Fluent. Various types of granular packing structures, such as the simple cubic packing, body-centered packing and face-centered packing structures were chosen for analysis. The motion of suspended particle of 2.967, 0.816, 0.460 and 0.050 microm in diameter, respectively, were tracked by considering the following forces including a net gravitational force, hydraulic drag force, lift force, Brownian force, van der Waals force and a double layer force. The effects of the granular bed packing structure, the porosity of these beds and the suspended particle diameter on the capture efficiency of a granular filter bed were examined. The force analysis depicts that the inertial effect and van der Waals force increased the capture probability of particles on the granular filter bed while the lift force and the Brownian force decreased the particle deposition. Simulated results show that among the chosen packing structures, the face-center packed granular bed gives the greatest pressure drop and capture efficiency of particles due to the lower packing porosity. The simple cubic packed filter bed showed the lowest pressure drop and capture efficiency of particles due to the greatest packing porosity among the chosen packing structures. It is mainly due to the simple cubic packing structure in which there exists the free vertical downward flowing path and thus exhibits a higher packing porosity. The comparisons of the simulated capture efficiency with experimental results depicted that the body-centre packed granular bed showed the best approximation of capture efficiency compared to that of the randomly packed granular bed.
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Lee PL, Jerng JS, Chang YL, Chen CF, Hsueh PR, Yu CJ, Yang PC, Luh KT. Patient mortality of active pulmonary tuberculosis requiring mechanical ventilation. Eur Respir J 2003; 22:141-7. [PMID: 12882464 DOI: 10.1183/09031936.03.00038703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Mortality remains high among patients with pulmonary tuberculosis requiring mechanical ventilation (TBMV). This study was carried out to establish the mortality rates of TBMV and to identify factors that contribute to in-hospital mortality. From January 1996-April 2001, there were 825 patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis at the National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. Of these, 41 suffered acute respiratory failure and required mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit (ICU). Of these 41 patients, 38 were followed up for 180 days. In-hospital deaths were documented in the medical records and all possible parameters contributing to mortality were collected. Of the 41 patients, 27 died in the hospital and 14 were discharged alive (in-hospital mortality rate 65.9%), with (mean +/- SD) 40.7 +/- 35.4 admission days before death. Of the 27 that died, 25 died during ICU admission and two died after being transferred to the ward. The mortality rate for the 180-day monitoring period was 79%. Factors contributing to in-hospital mortality included consolidations on chest radiographs and multiple organ failure. The mortality rate in the patients with pulmonary tuberculosis requiring mechanical ventilation is very high, with two factors affecting in-hospital mortality. These factors were multiple organ failure and consolidation on chest radiographs.
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Wang JY, Lee LN, Hsueh PR, Shih JY, Chang YL, Yang PC, Luh KT. Tuberculous myositis: a rare but existing clinical entity. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2003; 42:836-40. [PMID: 12826705 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keg228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the clinical characteristics of patients with tuberculous myositis. METHODS From January 1996 to March 2001, patients with positive cultures of Mycobacterium tuberculosis or histology-proven caseous granulomatous inflammation from muscular specimens were identified and their medical records were reviewed. RESULTS Thirty-five patients were identified. Infection-related myositis was initially suspected in 20 patients (57.1%). The routes of infection were contiguous spread in 22 patients (62.8%), haematogenous spread in 10 (28.6%) and traumatic inoculation in three (8.6%). Five patients (14.3%), including the three who had received corticosteroids, died of uncontrolled sepsis. The computed tomography or the magnetic resonance imaging of the involved muscles showed findings suggestive of tuberculous myositis in 15 patients (42.9%). CONCLUSIONS Tuberculosis should be considered as one of the possible aetiologies of myositis, especially among patients with suggestive radiographic findings or in endemic areas of tuberculosis. Patients who develop tuberculous myositis after using corticosteroids have poor prognoses.
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Lee YC, Chang YL, Chen JS, Hsu HH, Ko WJ, Lee JM, Wu HD, Chang SC, Kuo SH. Lung transplantation-the surgical experience. Transplant Proc 2003; 35:445-6. [PMID: 12591481 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-1345(02)03961-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Lu SS, Chang YL. The accurate evaluation of lattice spacings from back-reflection powder photographs. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1088/0959-5309/53/5/302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Chung MI, Han FW, Lin HC, Liou SS, Huang PL, Ko HH, Chang YL, Kang JJ, Teng CM, Lin CN. Synthesis, antiplatelet and vasorelaxing effects of monooxygenated flavones and flavonoxypropanolamines. J Pharm Pharmacol 2001; 53:1601-9. [PMID: 11804390 DOI: 10.1211/0022357011778205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
A series of flavones and flavonoxypropanolamines were synthesized and tested in-vitro for their ability to inhibit aggregation of washed rabbit platelets and human platelet-rich plasma (PRP), and for vasoconstriction of rat thoracic aorta. The various substituted positions of the hydroxyl group in flavone ring B and the various oxypropanolamine side chains substituted at position C-2' of flavone modified the antiplatelet effects. All the compounds tested in human PRP showed significant inhibition of secondary aggregation induced by adrenaline (epinephrine), suggesting that the antiplatelet effect of these compounds is mainly due to an inhibitory effect on thromboxane formation. Compounds 11 and 12 also had potent vasorelaxant effects in rat thoracic aorta. Phenylephrine- and high-K+-induced 45Ca2+ influx in aorta were both inhibited by the selected compound 11. This result indicates that the inhibitory effect of 11 on the contractile response caused by high-K+ medium and noradrenaline (norepinephrine) in rat thoracic aorta is mainly due to inhibition of Ca2+ influx through both voltage-dependent and receptor-operated Ca2+ channels.
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Chang YL, Chang SD, Cheng PJ. Perinatal outcome in patients with placental abruption with and without antepartum hemorrhage. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2001; 75:193-4. [PMID: 11684115 DOI: 10.1016/s0020-7292(01)00439-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Tsai MH, Chang YL, Wu VC, Chang CC, Huang TS. Methimazole-induced pulmonary hemorrhage associated with antimyeloperoxidase-antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody: a case report. J Formos Med Assoc 2001; 100:772-5. [PMID: 11802538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis has been recently recognized in Graves' disease patients treated with antithyroid drugs. We describe the case of an 18-year-old girl who developed antimyeloperoxidase ANCA (MPO-ANCA)-positive vasculitis manifesting as a skin lesion and hemoptysis with hypoxic respiratory failure after taking methimazole. An open lung biopsy was consistent with acute capillaritis. Both skin and sural nerve biopsy showed lymphocytic vasculitis. Administration of steroid and plasmapheresis produced a good clinical response.
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63
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Chang YL, Tao Q, Scheuring C, Ding K, Meksem K, Zhang HB. An integrated map of Arabidopsis thaliana for functional analysis of its genome sequence. Genetics 2001; 159:1231-42. [PMID: 11729165 PMCID: PMC1461882 DOI: 10.1093/genetics/159.3.1231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The genome of the model plant species Arabidopsis thaliana has recently been sequenced. To accelerate its current genome research, we developed a whole-genome, BAC/BIBAC-based, integrated physical, genetic, and sequence map of the A. thaliana ecotype Columbia. This new map was constructed from the clones of a new plant-transformation-competent BIBAC library and is integrated with the existing sequence map. The clones were restriction fingerprinted by DNA sequencing gel-based electrophoresis, assembled into contigs, and anchored to an existing genetic map. The map consists of 194 BAC/BIBAC contigs, spanning 126 Mb of the 130-Mb Arabidopsis genome. A total of 120 contigs, spanning 114 Mb, were anchored to the chromosomes of Arabidopsis. Accuracy of the integrated map was verified using the existing physical and sequence maps and numerous DNA markers. Integration of the new map with the sequence map has enabled gap closure of the sequence map and will facilitate functional analysis of the genome sequence. The method used here has been demonstrated to be sufficient for whole-genome physical mapping from large-insert random bacterial clones and thus is applicable to rapid development of whole-genome physical maps for other species.
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Chen JJ, Chang YL, Teng CM, Chen IS. Vasorelaxing and antioxidant constituents from Hernandia nymphaeifolia. PLANTA MEDICA 2001; 67:593-598. [PMID: 11582533 DOI: 10.1055/s-2001-17348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Three new alkaloids, (+)-nymphaedaline (1), oxo-O-methylbulbocapnine (2), and (+)-laetine (3), have been isolated from the trunk bark of Hernandia nymphaeifolia. The structures of these new compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis. Among the isolates of this plant obtained till now, sixteen compounds show effective inhibitory activities on the contraction of vascular smooth muscles induced by high K+ (80 mM) or norepinephrine (3 microM). In addition, eight compounds showed effective antioxidant activities in scavenging the stable free radical, diphenyl-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH).
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Chang YL, Lee YC, Shih JY, Wu CT. Pulmonary pleomorphic (spindle) cell carcinoma: peculiar clinicopathologic manifestations different from ordinary non-small cell carcinoma. Lung Cancer 2001; 34:91-7. [PMID: 11557118 DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(01)00224-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Pleomorphic (spindle) cell carcinoma, also known as monophasic sarcomatoid carcinoma, is a rare primary pulmonary malignancy. This type of tumor shows concurrent presence of malignant epithelial and homologous sarcomatoid spindle cell components by co-expressing cytokeratin and vimentin in various degrees. Sixteen cases (four central endobronchial lesions and 12 peripheral parenchymal masses) were studied clinicopathologically. Men were affected far more frequently than women (13:3). The patients were between 56 and 80 years of age. The disease is strongly associated with smoking. Among seven of the patients who underwent surgical resection, four of them had mediastinum, pleura and chest wall invasions, and three of them had regional lymph node metastases. All of the patients succumbed to early distant metastases (range 2 weeks-5 months) in organs including brain, bone, adrenal gland, and unusual sites such as esophagus, jejunum, rectum and kidney. The remaining nine inoperable cases were late stage disease and treated with chemoradiotherapy with little effect. The median duration of survival was 3 months. All parenchymal masses appeared as cavities with marked central necrosis, and only peripheral rim of tumor cells was left. More definite diagnostic results will depend on further tissue sections and can be confirmed by immunohistochemical studies. Significantly fewer Ki-67, p53 and c-erb B-2 oncoprotein expressions were also noted.
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Shih JY, Yang SC, Hong TM, Yuan A, Chen JJ, Yu CJ, Chang YL, Lee YC, Peck K, Wu CW, Yang PC. Collapsin response mediator protein-1 and the invasion and metastasis of cancer cells. J Natl Cancer Inst 2001; 93:1392-400. [PMID: 11562390 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/93.18.1392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous genetic changes are associated with metastasis and invasion of cancer cells. To identify differentially expressed invasion-associated genes, we screened a panel of lung cancer cell lines (CL(1-0), CL(1-1), CL(1-5), and CL(1-5)-F(4) in order of increasing invasive activity) for such genes and selected one gene, collapsin response mediator protein-1 (CRMP-1), to characterize. METHODS We used a microarray containing 9600 gene sequences to assess gene expression in the cell panel and selected the differentially expressed CRMP-1 gene for further study. We confirmed the differential expression of CRMP-1 with northern and western blot analyses. After transfecting and overexpressing CRMP-1 in highly invasive CL(1-5) cells, the cells were assessed morphologically and with an in vitro invasion assay. We used enhanced green fluorescent protein-tagged CRMP-1 and fluorescence microscopy to localize CRMP-1 intracellularly. CRMP-1 expression in 80 lung cancer specimens was determined by real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS Expression of CRMP-1 was inversely associated with invasive activity in the cell panel, an observation confirmed by northern and western blot analyses. CRMP-1-transfected CL(1-5) cells became rounded and had fewer filopodia and statistically significantly lower in vitro invasive activity than untransfected cells (all P< .001). During interphase, CRMP-1 protein was present uniformly throughout the cytoplasm and sometimes in the nucleus; during mitosis, CRMP-1 was associated with mitotic spindles, centrosomes, and the midbody (in late telophase). Real-time RT-PCR of lung cancer specimens showed that reduced expression of CRMP-1 was statistically significantly associated with advanced disease (stage III or IV; P = .010), lymph node metastasis (N1, N2, and N3; P =.043), early postoperative relapse (P = .030), and shorter survival (P = .016). CONCLUSIONS CRMP-1 appears to be involved in cancer invasion and metastasis and may be an invasion-suppressor gene.
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Chang YL, Shen JJ, Wung BS, Cheng JJ, Wang DL. Chinese herbal remedy wogonin inhibits monocyte chemotactic protein-1 gene expression in human endothelial cells. Mol Pharmacol 2001; 60:507-13. [PMID: 11502881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Wogonin (Wog), an active component of Scutellaria baicalensis, has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), a potent chemoattractant for monocytes, plays a crucial role in case of early inflammatory responses, including atherosclerosis. In this study, we investigated the effect of Wog on phorbol ester (PMA)-induced MCP-1 expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (ECs). The MCP-1 mRNA levels and MCP-1 release in Wog-treated ECs were measured. Wog inhibited PMA-induced MCP-1 mRNA levels and MCP-1 secretion in a dose-dependent manner. The inhibition of MCP-1 induction by Wog is a transcriptional event, as shown by Wog's significant reduction of both MCP-1 promoter and 4x 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate response element-luciferase reporter activities. By electrophoretic mobility assay, Wog significantly reduced the AP-1 binding activity induced by PMA. Furthermore, the PMA-induced extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 and c-Jun amino-terminal kinase activities that contributed to AP-1 activity and MCP-1 gene induction were obviously attenuated after pretreating ECs with Wog. The decrease of MCP-1 secretion by Wog pretreatment led to a reduction of monocyte adhesion to ECs. Taken together, our results demonstrate that Wog inhibits MCP-1 induction in ECs; this inhibition is mediated by reducing AP-1 transcriptional activity via the attenuation of ERK1/2 and JNK signal transduction pathways. We conclude that Wog has the potential therapeutic development for use in anti-inflammatory and vascular disorders.
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Chen IS, Chen HF, Cheng MJ, Chang YL, Teng CM, Tsutomu I, Chen JJ, Tsai IL. Quinoline alkaloids and other constituents of Melicope semecarpifolia with antiplatelet aggregation activity. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2001; 64:1143-1147. [PMID: 11575945 DOI: 10.1021/np010122k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Three new quinoline alkaloids, 2-acetylevolitrine (1), 2-acetylpteleine (2), and semecarpifoline (3), along with 26 known compounds were isolated from the root bark of Melicope semecarpifolia. The structures of 1-3 were elucidated by means of spectral analysis. In addition, (2S)-(--)-7,8-dimethoxyplatydesmine (4), cis-(+)-7,8-dimethoxymyrtopsine (5), and (3R)-(--)-8,9-dimethoxygeibalansine (6) were isolated as new natural products. Several of these isolates were determined as exhibiting significant antiplatelet aggregation activities in vitro.
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Abstract
Facial nerve schwannomas are uncommon neoplasms. Multiple schwannomas of the facial nerve in the parotid region are rare. Research regarding the pathogenesis of multiple facial nerve schwannomas is incomplete. Both the neoplastic bridging of tumor cells and tumor multicentricity have been hypothesized. We present a case of multiple intraparotid facial nerve schwannomas. In this case, the histologic features of the tumors support the multicentric hypothesis.
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Chang YL, Peng YH, Pan IC, Sun DS, King B, Huang DH. Essential role of Drosophila Hdac1 in homeotic gene silencing. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2001; 98:9730-5. [PMID: 11493709 PMCID: PMC55521 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.171325498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2001] [Accepted: 06/27/2001] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Deacetylation of the N-terminal tails of core histones plays a crucial role in gene silencing. Rpd3 and Hda1 represent two major types of genes encoding trichostatin A-sensitive histone deacetylases. Although they have been widely found, their cellular and developmental roles remain to be elucidated in metazoa. We show that Drosophila Hdac1, an Rpd3-type gene, interacts cooperatively with Polycomb group repressors in silencing the homeotic genes that are essential for axial patterning of body segments. The biochemical copurification and cytological colocalization of HDAC1 and Polycomb group repressors strongly suggest that HDAC1 is a component of the silencing complex for chromatin modification on specific regulatory regions of homeotic genes.
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Tao Q, Chang YL, Wang J, Chen H, Islam-Faridi MN, Scheuring C, Wang B, Stelly DM, Zhang HB. Bacterial artificial chromosome-based physical map of the rice genome constructed by restriction fingerprint analysis. Genetics 2001; 158:1711-24. [PMID: 11514457 PMCID: PMC1461754 DOI: 10.1093/genetics/158.4.1711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide physical mapping with bacteria-based large-insert clones (e.g., BACs, PACs, and PBCs) promises to revolutionize genomics of large, complex genomes. To accelerate rice and other grass species genome research, we developed a genome-wide BAC-based map of the rice genome. The map consists of 298 BAC contigs and covers 419 Mb of the 430-Mb rice genome. Subsequent analysis indicated that the contigs constituting the map are accurate and reliable. Particularly important to proficiency were (1) a high-resolution, high-throughput DNA sequencing gel-based electrophoretic method for BAC fingerprinting, (2) the use of several complementary large-insert BAC libraries, and (3) computer-aided contig assembly. It has been demonstrated that the fingerprinting method is not significantly influenced by repeated sequences, genome size, and genome complexity. Use of several complementary libraries developed with different restriction enzymes minimized the "gaps" in the physical map. In contrast to previous estimates, a clonal coverage of 6.0-8.0 genome equivalents seems to be sufficient for development of a genome-wide physical map of approximately 95% genome coverage. This study indicates that genome-wide BAC-based physical maps can be developed quickly and economically for a variety of plant and animal species by restriction fingerprint analysis via DNA sequencing gel-based electrophoresis.
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Chu SS, Chang YL, Lou PJ. Primary cutaneous adenoid cystic carcinoma with regional lymph node metastasis. J Laryngol Otol 2001; 115:673-5. [PMID: 11535157 DOI: 10.1258/0022215011908595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Primary cutaneous adenoid cystic carcinoma (PCACC) is a particularly rare variant of sweat gland carcinoma with characteristics of indolent and progressive course and high incidence of perineural invasion and local recurrence. However, regional lymph node metastasis in PCACC is exceedingly rare and its prognostic implication is unknown. Only two previous cases of recurrent scalp PCACC were reported to be associated with cervical lymph node metastases at 42 months and 20 years, respectively, after the initial treatment. We present a case of PCACC occurring in the left parotid region with regional neck lymph node metastasis in a 64-year-old man. Because the occurrence of lymph node metastasis seems to be associated with recurrent PCACC, we suggest that neck dissection may be included in the treatment for recurrent PCACC patients.
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Chen JJ, Chang YL, Teng CM, Lin WY, Chen YC, Chen IS. A new tetrahydroprotoberberine N-oxide alkaloid and anti-platelet aggregation constituents of Corydalis tashiroi. PLANTA MEDICA 2001; 67:423-427. [PMID: 11488455 DOI: 10.1055/s-2001-15820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A new tetrahydroprotoberberine N-oxide alkaloid, (-)-cis-isocorypalmine N-oxide (1), together with two known compounds, 6-methoxydihydrosanguinarine (2) and norjuziphine (3), were isolated in continuing studies of the entire Formosan Corydalis tashiroi plant. The structures of these three compounds were determined through spectral analyses. In addition, compounds 1, 2, 3 and the seven alkaloids previously reported: (-)-cis-corydalmine N-oxide, (-)-trans-corydalmine N-oxide, (-)-trans-isocorypalmine N-oxide, scoulerine, protopine, oxysanguinarine and corydalmine, were found to possess antiplatelet aggregation activity.
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Chang YL, Chou MH, Lin MF, Chen CF, Tsai TH. Effect of cyclosporine, a P-glycoprotein inhibitor, on the pharmacokinetics of cefepime in rat blood and brain: a microdialysis study. Life Sci 2001; 69:191-9. [PMID: 11441909 DOI: 10.1016/s0024-3205(01)01103-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In clinical application, cefepime and cyclosporine are regularly combined in the treatment of organ transplant patients, so the interaction of these two drugs can be hypothesized. Therefore, the pharmacokinetics of cefepime alone and in combination with cyclosporine in rat using microdialysis coupled with HPLC-UV on-line system was evaluated in the study. Cefepime at three doses (20, 50, and 100 mg/kg) showed linear kinetics. After addition of cyclosporine, the mean residence time was increased from 34.9 min to 48.6 min (p<0.05, n=6), and the area under the concentration versus time curve (AUC) increased from 4775 min microg/ml to 6960 min microg/ml (p<0.01, n=6). While in the brain, AUC increased from 64.3 min microg/ml to 110.2 min microg/ml. In summary, cyclosporine (20 mg/kg) could significantly alter the simultaneously administered cefepime (50 mg/kg) unbound drug pharmacokinetic parameters in both blood and brain.
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Huang YC, Guh JH, Cheng ZJ, Chang YL, Hwang TL, Liao CH, Tzeng CC, Teng CM. Inhibition of the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 in macrophages by 7HQ derivatives: involvement of IkappaB-alpha stabilization. Eur J Pharmacol 2001; 418:133-9. [PMID: 11334875 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-2999(01)00922-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide is an important biological mediator associated with multiple pathophysiological phenomena, such as platelet aggregation, vasodilation, septic shock, and autoimmune diseases. Prostaglandins, derived from cyclooxygenases, play prominent roles in homeostasis and inflammation. In this study, we characterized the effects of 7HQ derivatives (7-[(4-methylene-5-oxo-2-R-2-tetrahydrofuranyl) methoxy]-3,4-dihydrocarbostyril, where R is methyl, phenyl, p-fluorophenyl and p-phenylphenyl; 7HQ-1,-2,-3 and-4, respectively) in murine RAW 264.7 cells, a macrophage-like cell line. Lipopolysaccharide, the active component of endotoxin, significantly induced the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2, leading to the accumulation of nitrite and prostaglandin E(2), respectively. These actions of lipopolysaccharide were inhibited by 7HQ derivatives; additionally, the inhibition of the expression, rather than the activity, of inducible nitric oxide synthase correlated well with that of nitric oxide formation. Western blotting and electrophoretic mobility shift assay results demonstrated that the 7HQ derivatives could effectively inhibit IkappaB-alpha degradation and nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) translocation. At higher concentrations, 7HQ derivatives also inhibited cyclooxygenase-2 enzyme activity. These results suggest that 7HQ derivatives exhibit inhibitory effects on lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide production and expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 through inhibition of IkappaB-alpha degradation and NF-kappaB activation.
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Huang YC, Guh JH, Cheng ZJ, Chang YL, Hwang TL, Lin CN, Teng CM. Inhibitory effect of DCDC on lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide synthesis in RAW 264.7 cells. Life Sci 2001; 68:2435-47. [PMID: 11350014 DOI: 10.1016/s0024-3205(01)01035-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
In the present study we have examined the effect of DCDC (2',5'-dihydroxy-4-chloro-dihydrochalcone) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced responses in murine macrophage cell line RAW 264.7. Exposure of LPS-stimulated cells to DCDC inhibited the nitrite accumulation in culture medium. DCDC also concentration-dependently inhibited LPS-stimulated increase of iNOS expression; however, it had little effect on iNOS enzyme activity, suggesting that the inhibitory action to DCDC is mainly due to the inhibition on iNOS expression rather than iNOS enzyme activity. DCDC significantly inhibited LPS-evoked degradation of IkappaB-alpha and the nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB; it also exhibited the activity of scavenging the stable free radical 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). DCDC also inhibited cyclooxygenase-2 activity in RAW 264.7 cells with an IC50 of 3.0 microM; furthermore, it also significantly decreased LPS-induced mortality rate in mice. Taken together, we demonstrate that DCDC exhibits inhibitory effects on nitric oxide production through the inhibition of IkappaB-alpha degradation and NF-kappaB activation, and therefore the suppression of iNOS expression. DCDC also shows the antioxidant activity and COX-2 inhibitory action. Moreover, it improves survival in a murine model of endotoxaemia suggesting that DCDC may be potential in the therapy of septic shock.
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Chang YL, Chou MH, Lin MF, Chen CF, Tsai TH. Determination and pharmacokinetic study of unbound cefepime in rat bile by liquid chromatography with on-line microdialysis. J Chromatogr A 2001; 914:77-82. [PMID: 11358234 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(00)01207-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Biliary excretion and intestinal reabsorption in enterohepatic circulation play major dispositional roles for some drugs. To investigate biliary excretion of drug, we inserted a microdialysis probe into the bile common duct of rat between the liver and the duodenum. In order to avoid the obstruction of bile fluid or bile salt waste, a shunt linear microdialysis probe was used for simultaneous and continuous sampling following intravenous administration of cefepime (50 mg/kg, i.v.). Separation and quantitation of cefepime in the dialysates were achieved using a LiChrosorb RP-18 column (Merck; 250x4.6 mm I.D., particle size 5 microm) maintained at ambient temperature. Samples were eluted with a mobile phase containing 100 mM monosodium phosphoric acid (pH 3.0)-methanol (87:13, v/v). The UV detector wavelength was set at 270 nm. The result indicates that the elimination half-life of cefepime in bile was 64.01+/-9.32 min. This study also served as an example for the microdialysis application in the biliary excretion study of drug.
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Chen JS, Chang YL, Cheng HL, Chang YC, Lee YC. Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery for the diagnosis of patients with hilar and mediastinal lymphadenopathy. J Formos Med Assoc 2001; 100:213-6. [PMID: 11393119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023] Open
Abstract
In areas where tuberculosis (TB) is rare, cases of hilar and mediastinal lymphadenopathy are often attributed to the diagnosis of sarcoidosis or a malignant process. However, these manifestations have been only sparsely reported in countries with high rates of TB. The role of simultaneous lung biopsy in the differential diagnosis of these patients using a thoracoscopic approach is also undetermined. In this prospective study, 15 adult patients with hilar and mediastinal lymphadenopathy were evaluated using video-assisted thoracoscopy during the period from May 1995 through September 1999. Biopsy of the hilar and mediastinal lymph nodes was undertaken in all 15 patients, and a wedge biopsy of the lungs was performed whenever frozen section of the nodes disclosed granulomatous inflammation. The final diagnoses included sarcoidosis (10 patients), TB (2), metastatic small cell carcinoma (2), and reactive lymphoid hyperplasia (1). No morbidity or mortality was associated with the operation. In patients with sarcoidosis and TB, most of the lymph node biopsy specimens disclosed extensive hyaline fibrosis. Lung biopsy specimens presented small non-necrotizing granulomas with multinucleated giant cells even in the absence of demonstrable parenchymal lesions. In the two patients with TB, identification of acid-fast bacilli and growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis occurred only in lung specimens and not in specimens from lymph nodes. Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery is a safe, simple, and effective procedure for the diagnosis of patients with hilar and mediastinal lymphadenopathy. Our results suggest that for a better differentiation between TB and sarcoidosis, an additional lung biopsy could be undertaken to provide specimens for microscopic examination and culture.
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Liao WY, Chen MZ, Chang YL, Wu HD, Yu CJ, Kuo PH, Yang PC. US-guided transthoracic cutting biopsy for peripheral thoracic lesions less than 3 cm in diameter. Radiology 2000; 217:685-91. [PMID: 11110929 DOI: 10.1148/radiology.217.3.r00dc21685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the safety and accuracy of ultrasonography (US)-guided transthoracic cutting biopsy for diagnosing peripheral thoracic lesions (<3 cm). MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty consecutive patients with peripheral thoracic lesions less than 3 cm in diameter underwent US-guided percutaneous transthoracic cutting biopsy with a modified technique. Fifty lesions (43 parenchymal lung, two pleural, two chest wall, and three anterior mediastinal lesions) were sampled for biopsy. The final diagnosis was based on histopathologic analysis of surgical specimens (n = 18) or clinical follow-up (n = 32). RESULTS The histology recovery rate was 98% (49 lesions), and the correct diagnosis was obtained in 48 lesions (96%). Twenty-four (48%) lesions were malignant, and 26 (52%) were benign. The diagnostic accuracy for malignant lesions was 92% (22 of 24 lesions). A specific benign diagnosis was made in 17 (65%) of the 26 benign lesions, and the negative predictive value for malignancy was 93% (26 of 28 lesions). Only two patients (4%) developed postbiopsy pneumothorax, and three (6%) developed postbiopsy hemoptysis. Biopsy helped prevent surgery or thoracoscopy in 32 patients (64%): 18 patients with benign disease and 14 with multiple metastases or inoperable cancer. CONCLUSION US-guided transthoracic cutting biopsy appears to be a safe and effective method for diagnosing peripheral thoracic lesions less than 3 cm in diameter. The high diagnostic accuracy for benign lesions and metastatic lung cancer can help prevent surgery in many cases.
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Chang YL, Chen JS, Wu HD, Lee YC. Retransplantation of contralateral lung in a patient with Sauropus androgynus-induced bronchobronchiolitis obliterans. Transplant Proc 2000; 32:2432-4. [PMID: 11120231 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-1345(00)01730-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Chang YL, Stanford CM, Keller JC. Calcium and phosphate supplementation promotes bone cell mineralization: implications for hydroxyapatite (HA)-enhanced bone formation. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH 2000; 52:270-8. [PMID: 10951365 DOI: 10.1002/1097-4636(200011)52:2<270::aid-jbm5>3.0.co;2-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Organic phosphate, in particular beta-glycerophosphate (beta-GP), has been used to induce mineralization in cell culture systems. It serves as a source of inorganic phosphate when hydrolyzed by alkaline phosphatase. This study examined the effect of supplemental calcium and phosphate as well as the influence of various metabolic inhibitors on mineralization in a rat osteoblast-like cell-culture system. Mineralization was induced by supplementation of 1.8 mM of Ca(+2) and 5 mM of beta-GP or Pi. Mineral deposits associated with in vitro mineralization were revealed under SEM and TEM. Levamisole (10-100 microM) inhibited alkaline phosphatase activity and effectively reduced mineral formation. Actinomycin (500 ng/mL) and cycloheximide (50 microg/mL) also reduced mineral depositions by blocking RNA synthesis and protein synthesis, respectively. Levamisole and beta-GP did not appear to influence DNA synthesis. Spontaneous precipitation of calcium phosphate mineral was not detected in the culture medium with calcium and phosphate supplements in the absence of cell culture. The findings suggest that an elevated concentration of calcium and phosphate is crucial for in vitro mineralization. Furthermore, the mineralization process is associated with biologic events rather than with a spontaneous precipitation of calcium phosphate mineral. In view of the degradation potential of hydroxyapatite (HA)-coated implants, these results may be a viable indication that HA enhances bone formation through a similar mechanism.
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Lee YC, Wu CT, Chen CS, Chang YL. E-cadherin expression in surgically-resected non-small cell lung cancers--a clinicopathological study. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2000; 48:294-9. [PMID: 11100763 DOI: 10.1055/s-2000-7885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND E-Cadherin is a subclass of the cadherin family that plays a major role in the maintenance of intercellular junctions in normal epithelium. Decreased expression of E-cadherin might be closely related to invasiveness and dedifferentiation in human cancers. This study is aimed at investigating the clinicopathological significance of E-cadherin expression and its impact on the prognosis in surgically resected non-small-cell lung cancer patients. METHODS Using immunohistochemical staining, the expression of E-cadherin was studied in 207 surgically resected lung cancer specimens from January 1990 through December 1994. The clinicopathological data and survival status were recorded and analysed against the E-cadherin expression level in each tumor. RESULTS E-cadherin expression was detected in 122 of the 207 lung tumors (59.0%), and the expression was significantly lower in tumors with poor differentiation (p < 0.001), in tumors with vascular invasion (p < 0.05), and in tumors with direct invasion into surrounding structures (p < 0.01). There was no correlation between E-cadherin expression, and tumor stage and regional lymph-node metastasis. There was no significant difference in survival rate between higher (> 40%) and lower (< 40%) E-cadherin expression groups; however, in tumors 3 cm or less, a significant difference was found between higher and lower E-cadherin expressions (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Underexpression of E-cadherin is associated with poor differentiation and invasiveness in NSCLC. In patients with small NSCLC (< or = 3 cm), higher E-cadherin expression (> 40%) significantly had a favorable prognosis.
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Chang YL, Chou MH, Lin MF, Chen YF, Chen CF, Cheng FC, Tsai TH. Simultaneous determination of unbound cefoperazone in rat blood and brain using microdialysis. J Pharm Pharmacol 2000; 52:963-8. [PMID: 11007067 DOI: 10.1211/0022357001774859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
A sensitive microbore HPLC method was developed for the simultaneous determination of unbound cefoperazone in rat blood and brain using microdialysis. Two microdialysis probes were inserted into the jugular vein/right atrium and brain striatum of Sprague-Dawley rats. Cefoperazone (50 mgkg(-1), i.v.) was then administered via the femoral vein. Blood and brain dialysates were collected and eluted with a mobile phase containing methanol-100 mM monosodium phosphoric acid (30:70, v/v, pH 5.5). The wavelength of the UV detector was set at 254 nm. The detection limit of cefoperazone was 20 ng mL(-1). Isocratic separation of cefoperazone was achieved within 10 min. The intra- and inter-assay accuracy and precision of the analyses were < or =10% in the range of 0.05-10 microg mL(-1). The ratio of the area under the concentration curve of cefoperazone in rat brain and blood was estimated to be about 7-8%. It is concluded that cefoperazone is capable of penetrating the blood-brain barrier.
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Abstract
The incidence of nasopharyngeal actinomycosis is exceedingly rare. To our knowledge, only 1 case has been reported previously. This article presents 4 cases of actinomycosis involving the nasopharynx that imitated nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Acidic gas exposure and farming of aquatic products are possibly involved in the pathogenesis of nasopharyngeal actinomycosis. Patients in the case studies completely recovered after 4 weeks of oral antibiotic treatment. We recommend including actinomycosis in the differential diagnosis of nasopharyngeal neoplasms.
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Chang YL, Chen YF, Chen CF, Tsai TH. Determination of unbound cephalothin in rat blood by on-line microdialysis and microbore liquid chromatography. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY. B, BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS 2000; 742:125-30. [PMID: 10892591 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4347(00)00148-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A method of analysis for the determination of unbound cephalothin in rat blood has been developed. The method was fully automated using an on-line microdialysis procedure. A microdialysis probe was inserted into the jugular vein/right atrium of male Sprague-Dawley rats to examine the unbound cephalothin level in the rat blood after cephalothin administration (50 mg/kg, i.v.). Dialysates were directly input to a liquid chromatographic system using an on-line injector. Samples were eluted with a mobile phase containing methanol-acetonitrile-100 mM monosodium phosphate (pH 5.0) (20:20:60, v/v). The UV wavelength was set at 254 nm for monitoring the analyte. Using the retrograde method, at infusion concentrations of 1 and 5 microg/ml of cephalothin, the in vivo microdialysis recoveries were 48.4+/-4.5% and 52.9+/-4.7% for the rat blood (n=6). Intra- and inter-assay accuracy and precision of the analyses were < or = 10% in the range of 0.01 through 10 microg/ml. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated from the recovery corrected dialysate concentrations of cephalothin versus time data. The results suggest that the pharmacokinetics of unbound cephalothin in blood fitted best to the two-compartmental model following cephalothin administration (50 mg/kg, i.v.).
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Tsai TH, Hung LC, Chang YL, Shum AY, Chen CF. Simultaneous blood and brain sampling of cephalexin in the rat by microdialysis and microbore liquid chromatography: application to pharmacokinetics studies. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY. B, BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS 2000; 740:203-9. [PMID: 10821406 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4347(00)00078-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
To circumvent the need for laborious sample clean-up and multiple blood sampling, a system was developed consisting of on-line microdialysis coupled to microbore liquid chromatography and ultraviolet detection. The system was designed for the simultaneous and continuous monitoring of unbound blood and brain cephalexin in the rat following single bolus intravenous administrations (10 mg/kg, n = 6). Microdialysis probes were inserted into the jugular vein and brain striatum, respectively, for blood and brain sampling. Chromatographic conditions consisted of a mobile phase of methanol-100 mM monosodium phosphoric acid (20:80, v/v, pH 5.0) pumped through a microbore reversed-phase column at a flow-rate of 0.05 ml/min. Detection wavelength was set at 260 nm. The method was validated for response linearity as well as intra- and inter-day variabilities. Rapid appearance of cephalexin in the striatal dialysate suggested good blood-brain barrier penetration. This study provided pharmacokinetics information for cephalexin as well as demonstrated the applicability of this continuous sampling method for pharmacokinetics studies.
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Chen JJ, Chang YL, Teng CM, Chen IS. Anti-platelet aggregation alkaloids and lignans from Hernandia nymphaeifolia. PLANTA MEDICA 2000; 66:251-256. [PMID: 10821052 DOI: 10.1055/s-2000-8562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A new aporphine, N-(N-methylcarbamoyl)-O-methyl-bulbocapnine (1), together with seven known compounds, (-)-5'-methoxypodorhizol (2), a mixture of beta-sitosterone (3) and stigmasta-4,22-dien-3-one (4), a mixture of 3 beta-hydroxystigmast-5-en-7-one (5) and 3 beta-hydroxystigmasta-5,22-dien-7-one (6), and a mixture of 6 alpha-hydroxystigmast-4-en-3-one (7) and 6 alpha-hydroxystigmasta-4,22-dien-3-one (8), were isolated in continuing studies on the trunk bark of Formosan Hernandia nymphaeifolia. The structures of these compounds were determined through spectral analyses. In addition, the previously reported six alkaloids, laurotetanine, oxohernagine, thalicarpine, reticuline, (+)-vateamine-2'-beta-N-oxide, (+)-hernandaline and six lignans, (+)-epiaschantin, (+)-epimagnolin, (+)-epiyangambin, (-)-hernone, (-)-yatein, (-)-deoxypodophyllotoxin were demonstrated to have anti-platelet aggregation activity.
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Wang JY, Chen KY, Chang YC, Chang YL, Lee LN. Swyer-James syndrome complicated by lung abscess. J Formos Med Assoc 2000; 99:252-6. [PMID: 10820960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Swyer-James syndrome, a rare disease with unilateral hyperlucent lung due to bronchiolitis obliterans and pulmonary artery hypoplasia, generally develops after lower respiratory tract infection during early childhood. Invasive procedures, including bronchoscopy and angiography, are often necessary for a definitive diagnosis. We report a 17-year-old man admitted because of cystic bronchiectasis complicated by lung abscess. Chest roentgenography showed the typical findings of Swyer-James syndrome. Noninvasive magnetic resonance angiography was used to confirm hypoplasia of the right pulmonary artery. The patient received antibiotic therapy, underwent a right lower lobectomy for the lung abscess, and recovered.
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Fang CT, Hung CC, Chang SC, Hsueh PR, Chang YL, Chen MY, Luh KT. Pulmonary infection in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients in Taiwan. J Formos Med Assoc 2000; 99:123-7. [PMID: 10770026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary infection is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients. METHODS We conducted a retrospective analysis of the pathogens causing pulmonary infection in 272 HIV-infected patients admitted to a university hospital from January 1993 through December 1998. RESULTS A total of 158 (58%) patients had pulmonary complications, all but two of whom had acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). There were 156 episodes of pulmonary infection, involving 124 patients. The most common pulmonary infection was Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP): 66 patients had 77 episodes of PCP, all of which occurred in patients with CD4+ lymphocyte counts below 0.2 x 10(9)/L (200/microL). Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB), diagnosed in 47 patients, was the second most common pulmonary infection. Twenty TB patients had open TB. HIV-infected patients who were immigrants from Southeast Asia (9/23, 39%) had a higher risk of developing pulmonary TB than nonimmigrants (38/249, 15%) (p = 0.004). Only one of 17 episodes of community-acquired bacterial pneumonia was caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae. Less common opportunistic pulmonary pathogens included cytomegalovirus (5 cases), Aspergillus species (3), Cryptococcus neoformans (3), Mycobacterium avium complex (2), Penicillium marneffei (1), Nocardia species (1), and Rhodococcus equi (1). CONCLUSIONS PCP and pulmonary TB are the two leading pulmonary infections in Taiwanese HIV/AIDS patients. These findings should be taken into consideration when developing management strategies and public health policies.
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Chen KS, Chang YL, Teng CM, Chen CF, Wu YC. Furoquinolines with antiplatelet aggregation activity from leaves of Melicope confusa. PLANTA MEDICA 2000; 66:80-1. [PMID: 10705744 DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1243116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Using antiplatelet aggregation as a guide for fractionation, four furoquinoline-type alkaloids, confusameline (1), skimmianine (2), kokusaginine (3), and O-methylconfusameline (4), were isolated from the leaves of Melicope confusa. All compounds showed significant antiplatelet aggregation activity.
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Ueng YF, Chang YL, Oda Y, Park SS, Liao JF, Lin MF, Chen CF. In vitro and in vivo effects of naringin on cytochrome P450-dependent monooxygenase in mouse liver. Life Sci 2000; 65:2591-602. [PMID: 10619367 DOI: 10.1016/s0024-3205(99)00528-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In vitro and in vivo effects of naringin on microsomal monooxygenase were studied to evaluate the drug interaction of this flavonoid. In vitro addition of naringin up to 500 microM had no effects on benzo(a)pyrene hydroxylase (AHH) activity of mouse liver microsomes. In contrast, the aglycone naringenin at 300 to 500 microM decreased AHH activity by 50% to 60%. Analysis of Lineweaver-Burk and Dixon plots indicated that naringenin competitively inhibited AHH activity with an estimated Ki of 39 microM. Naringenin at 100 microM also reduced metabolic activation of benzo(a)pyrene to genotoxic products as monitored by umuC gene expression response in Salmonella typhimurium TA1535/pSK1002. In the presence of equimolar naringenin and benzo(a)pyrene, umuC gene expression presented as beta-galactosidase activity was reduced to a level similar to the control value. Administration of a liquid diet containing 10 mg/ml naringin for 7 days caused 38% and 49% decreases of AHH and 7-methoxyresorufin O-demethylase activities, respectively. In contrast, the administration had no effects on cytochrome P450 (P450)-catalyzed oxidations of 7-ethoxyresorufin, 7-ethoxycoumarin, N-nitrosodimethylamine, nifedipine, erythromycin and testosterone. Microsomal P450 and cytochrome b5 contents and NADPH-P450 reductase activity were not affected. Immunoblot analysis using MAb 1-7-1, which immunoreacted with both P450 1A1 and 1A2, revealed that the level of P450 1A2 protein was decreased by 38%. These results demonstrate that naringenin is a potent inhibitor of AHH activity in vitro and naringin reduces the P450 1A2 protein level in vivo. These effects may indicate a chemopreventive role of naringin against protoxicants activated by P450 1A2.
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Abstract
Extraskeletal Ewing's sarcoma/primitive neuroectodermal tumour (EES/PNET) is a rare disease entity. Scalp EES/PNET has been reported rarely. We report a case of an 11-year-old boy who had painful and rapidly growing subcutaneous nodes over the scalp and neck. The final diagnosis was EES/PNET after biopsy and immunohistochemical assay. The patient underwent surgical excision, chemotherapy and radiotherapy with a dose of 2000 cGy. Now he has been free of disease for two years. Early awareness and treatment of this rare disease, and wide resection followed by chemotherapy and radiotherapy might improve patients' long-term survival.
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Chia YC, Chen KS, Chang YL, Teng CM, Wu YC. Antiplatelet actions of aporphinoids from Formosan plants. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 1999; 9:3295-300. [PMID: 10612588 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(99)00593-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Seventeen aporphines were tested for antiplatelet activity. L-(+)-hemovine HCl and 7-hydroxydehydrothalicsimidine strongly inhibited platelet aggregation induced by adenosine 5'-diphosphate (ADP), arachidonic acid (AA), collagen, and platelet-activating factor (PAF). The latter showed the strongest antiplatelet activity with an IC50 of 70.4 microM against AA-induced platelet aggregation.
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Sheen TS, Huang YT, Chang YL, Ko JY, Wu CS, Yu YC, Tsai CH, Hsu MM. Epstein-Barr virus-encoded latent membrane protein 1 co-expresses with epidermal growth factor receptor in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Jpn J Cancer Res 1999; 90:1285-92. [PMID: 10665644 PMCID: PMC5926033 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.1999.tb00710.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Latent membrane protein 1 (LMP-1) is the only Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-encoded oncogenic protein that has been detected in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), a cancer that is closely associated with EBV. Previous in-vitro studies have demonstrated that LMP-1 can upregulate epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in epithelial cells. It was not established whether this cellular effect exists in NPC. To assess the association between LMP-1 and EGFR in NPC tissues, 60 NPC specimens were examined by immunohistochemistry using anti-LMP-1 antibody (CS 1-4) and anti-EGFR antibodies (EGFR 1, EGFR 1005). The results revealed that 41 (68.3%) specimens were immunopositive for LMP-1 and 44 (73.3%) specimens over-expressed EGFR. Morphologically, the expressions of LMP-1 and EGFR were homogeneously distributed in the tumor nests. In addition, the correlation between LMP-1 and EGFR was statistically significant (P<0.001, chi2 test, d.f. = 1). To elucidate further the correlation between LMP-1 and EGFR in vivo and in situ, an indirect dual immunofluorescence assay was conducted, using secondary antibodies conjugated with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) or indocarbocyanine (Cy3). The results disclosed an intimate co-expression of LMP-1 and EGFR. In summary, the data indicate that over-expression of EGFR is a common phenomenon in NPC, and that EGFR is co-expressed with LMP-1 in NPC. Thus, EBV may play a role in the tumorigenesis of NPC through the effects of LMP-1 and EGFR.
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95
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Luh SP, Lee YC, Chang YL, Wu HD, Kuo SH, Chu SH. Lung transplantation for patients with end-stage Sauropus androgynus-induced bronchiolitis obliterans (SABO) syndrome. Clin Transplant 1999; 13:496-503. [PMID: 10617240 DOI: 10.1034/j.1399-0012.1999.130610.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Sauropus androgymus (SA), a vegetable of the Euphorbiaceae family, is a common food source in Malaysia. In Taiwan, over 30 patients have developed progressive respiratory failure after consuming the extract from raw SA leaves as a means of losing weight. Symptoms consistent with a severe obstructive ventilatory defect progressed, despite cessation of SA intake and treatment with bronchodilators, corticosteroids, cytotoxic agents and plasmaphresis. Five patients with end-stage Sauropus androgynus-induced bronchiolitis obliterans (SABO) syndrome underwent lung transplantation. There was no early mortality. One patient died of post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder and another patient died of bronchial stenosis with infection, 5 and 3.5 months, respectively, post-transplantation. The remaining 3 patients have been followed from 29 to 34 months, with improved general condition and pulmonary function. Perfusion/ventilation scans revealed that these improvements were exclusively attributed to the functional grafts. We believe that lung transplantation is the only effective modality of treatment for patients with end-stage SABO syndrome.
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96
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Ku SC, Yu CJ, Chang YL, Yang PC. Disseminated cytomegalovirus disease in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus not undergoing immunosuppressive therapy. J Formos Med Assoc 1999; 98:855-8. [PMID: 10634027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
We describe a case of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in a 25-year-old woman with a 3-year history of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with persistently high disease activity, who had not received immunosuppressive therapy. Disseminated CMV infection presented with upper gastrointestinal bleeding, high fever, respiratory distress, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia. The CMV infection was successfully treated with combined antiviral and immunoglobulin therapy, and the SLE activity decreased concomitantly. CMV disease is closely related to host immunosuppression, primarily T-lymphocyte dysfunction. This case should highlight the relationship between clinically significant CMV disease and compromised immunity in patients with active SLE who are not receiving immunosuppressive therapy.
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97
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Chen CC, Huang LM, Chang YL, King CC, Lin KH. Acute respiratory distress syndrome due to tuberculosis in a child after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. J Formos Med Assoc 1999; 98:701-4. [PMID: 10575842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023] Open
Abstract
We report the occurrence of tuberculosis in a 10-year-old Taiwanese boy, approximately 4 months after he received a matched-related bone marrow transplantation from his sister for acute T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia. After transplantation, grade III acute graft-versus-host disease developed and the patient was treated with prednisolone and cyclosporine. Marrow failure was noted on day 77 post-transplantation, however, after an episode of herpes zoster infection. Interstitial pneumonia, diagnosed on the basis of chest x-ray and computed tomography findings, occurred on day 120. Histologic examination of an open-lung biopsy specimen showed caseating granulomas and a few acid-fast bacilli. The patient died of acute respiratory distress syndrome, despite immediate implementation of antituberculosis therapy. Sputum cultures grew Mycobacterium tuberculosis 5 weeks later. This report demonstrates that the possibility of tuberculosis needs to be considered in immunocompromised patients, and that appropriate prophylaxis should be instituted in areas where tuberculosis is endemic.
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98
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Chang YL, Lew D, Park JB, Keller JC. Biomechanical and morphometric analysis of hydroxyapatite-coated implants with varying crystallinity. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1999; 57:1096-108; discussion 1108-9. [PMID: 10484111 DOI: 10.1016/s0278-2391(99)90333-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The level of crystallinity in hydroxyapatite (HA) is thought to be responsible for its degradation in the physiologic milieu. The purpose of this study was to compare the in vivo bony response to HA coatings of varying levels of crystallinity and determine the optimum composition for promoting osseointegration. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cylindrical implants of sand-blasted CP titanium and HA-coated titanium of 50% (low), 70% (medium), and 90% (high) crystallinity were inserted into the canine femur for 1, 4, 12, and 26 weeks. Morphometric analysis of undecalcified sections determined the percentage of bone contact with the implant surface. A pullout test was used to measure the interfacial attachment strength of the bone-implant interface. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) examination of the implant surface aided in identifying the failure mode. Coating thickness was measured under light microscopy to determine whether degradation occurred. RESULTS No significant differences could be found in the percentage of bone contact and interfacial attachment strength between the three types of HA-coated implants throughout the four implantation periods. A significantly higher percentage of bone contact on HA-coated implants than on uncoated titanium implants was noted at 4 weeks. (ANOVA, P<.05). HA-coated implants were also found to have significantly higher interfacial attachment strength than titanium implants at 4, 12, and 26 weeks. Coating thickness decreased gradually with time. The most noticeable reduction was found on the low-crystallinity coatings during the first 4 weeks. Failure of the bone-coating-implant complex occurred mostly within the coating or near the coating-implant interface. CONCLUSIONS HA coatings on metal implants enhance osseointegration in the early stage of bone healing and provide strong bone-bonding capability, although titanium implants had about the same level of bone contact in the later stage of healing. Crystallinity of HA coatings has no significant influence over the bone formation capacity and the bone bonding strength. However, an HA coating of higher crystallinity is more desirable in providing durability and maintaining osteoconductive properties.
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99
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Chang YL, Yang CC, Deng JF, Ger J, Tsai WJ, Wu ML, Liaw HC, Liaw SJ. Diverse manifestations of oral methylene chloride poisoning: report of 6 cases. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY. CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY 1999; 37:497-504. [PMID: 10465248 DOI: 10.1081/clt-100102442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Methylene chloride is a solvent used in domestic and industrial preparations, such as paint removers and degreasing agents. Although it is considered of low toxicity, acute toxic manifestations have been reported following inhalation of methylene chloride, mainly from working in an enclosed environment. Oral ingestion of methylene chloride, however, remains rare and its consequences are less clearly understood. CASE REPORTS The various clinical manifestations of 6 patients with oral ingestion of methylene chloride are reported. Central nervous system depression, tachypnea, and corrosive gastrointestinal injury were the most common presentations following ingestion. An elevated carboxyhemoglobin level was documented in only 2 patients (35% and 8.4% carboxyhemoglobin, respectively). Due to a frequent misleading history of "chloroform" ingestion and unawareness of probable carboxyhemoglobin production in these patients, carboxyhemoglobin was not routinely measured. Renal failure, hepatic failure, and acute pancreatitis occurred in the 2 most severe cases of methylene chloride ingestion. CONCLUSIONS Ingestion of methylene chloride can result in diverse manifestations, including a high carboxyhemoglobin level. Corrosive gastrointestinal injury is common in oral poisoning and needs further therapeutic consideration. A high index of suspicion and appropriate laboratory studies are needed in those patients who allegedly ingest "chloroform" but do not present the incriminating solvent to their treating physicians. The presence of an elevated carboxyhemoglobin level suggests the diagnosis of methylene chloride poisoning. Symptomatic and supportive measures remain the mainstay in the treatment of patients with oral methylene chloride poisoning.
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100
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Lee YC, Chang YL, Luh SP, Lee JM, Chen JS. Significance of P53 and Rb protein expression in surgically treated non-small cell lung cancers. Ann Thorac Surg 1999; 68:343-7; discussion 348. [PMID: 10475393 DOI: 10.1016/s0003-4975(99)00618-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alterations of the P53 or Rb gene are among the most frequently observed genetic changes in primary lung cancer. Nevertheless, there has been no final conclusion on the relationship between P53 or Rb protein expression and clinico-pathological parameters in primary lung cancer. A large-scale study was performed to examine the clinicopathological and prognostic significance of P53 and Rb expressions in 207 surgically resected non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. METHODS Tumor specimens were obtained from 207 primary NSCLC surgically resected from January 1990 through December 1994. The avidin-biotin-peroxidase method was used to determine the expression of P53 or Rb of tumor cells using anti-P53 or anti-Rb monoclonal antibodies. The relationships between P53 or Rb protein expression and the clinicopathological parameters were analyzed. RESULTS Expression of P53 or Rb protein was detected in 115 (55.6%) and 136 (65.7%) of the 207 lung tumors, respectively. P53 had significantly higher positive results in patients with regional lymph node metastasis and advanced tumor stage. Rb expression was significantly lower in lung cancers with a macro- or microscopic picture of tumor necrosis. Additionally, an inverse correlation between the expression of Rb and P53 was found. By multiple variate analysis, P53 expression and pathological stage were independent, significant prognostic factors. Further analysis demonstrated P53 expression was an independent prognostic factor in stage 1, but not in other stages. CONCLUSIONS P53 expression is especially useful as a prognostic factor in stage 1 lung cancer.
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