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Kamitani T, Kuroiwa Y, Susuki K, Kishida H, Miyazaki Y, Yuki N. Rhinolalia after diarrhea: a sole motor symptom occurring in post-infectious neuropathy associated with anti-ganglioside antibodies. Eur J Neurol 2006; 13:203-4. [PMID: 16490057 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2006.01135.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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52
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Kuroiwa Y, Nishikawa A, Imazawa T, Kitamura Y, Kanki K, Ishii Y, Umemura T, Hirose M. A subchronic toxicity study of dunaliella carotene in F344 rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2006; 44:138-45. [PMID: 16095791 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2005.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2005] [Revised: 06/20/2005] [Accepted: 06/28/2005] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Dunaliella carotene, extracted from dunaliella alga (Dunaliella bardawil or Dunaliella salina), for use as a food-coloring agent, has beta-carotene as its mainly constituent. As there have been no reports of toxicological evaluation, a 90-day subchronic toxicity study was here performed in F344 rats at dose levels of 0 (control), 0.63%, 1.25%, 2.5% and 5% in powdered basal diet. The average daily intakes of dunaliella carotene were 352, 696, 1420 and 2750 mg/kg/day, respectively, for males, and 370, 748, 1444 and 2879 mg/kg/day for females. No mortality or treatment-related clinical signs were observed throughout the experimental period in any of the groups. Body weight gain was slightly but significantly (p < 0.05) reduced from week 5 to the end of the experiment in 2.5% and 5% males. Increased PLT were observed in 1.25% and 5% males, and 2.5% and 5% females. Significant elevations or tendencies for increase in serum T. Cho and Ca were observed in all treated males and females, with clear dose-dependence in males. Organ weight measurement and histopathological observation revealed no toxicological changes. Based on growth suppression, no-observed-adverse-effect-levels (NOAELs) were estimated to be 1.25% (696 mg/kg/day) for males and 5% (2879 mg/kg/day) for females. As increases in serum Ca were observed in the lowest group in both sexes, a no-observed-effect level (NOEL) could not be determined in this study.
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53
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Kuroiwa Y, Nishikawa A, Imazawa T, Kitamura Y, Kanki K, Umemura T, Hirose M. Lack of carcinogenicity of d-xylose given in the diet to F344 rats for two years. Food Chem Toxicol 2005; 43:1399-404. [PMID: 15919148 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2005.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2004] [Revised: 03/22/2005] [Accepted: 03/31/2005] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The two year carcinogenicity of D-xylose was examined in groups of 50 male and 50 female F344 rats at dietary doses of 0% (control), 2.5% and 5%. The doses were selected on the basis of results from a 13-week subchronic toxicity study. Growth suppression and soft feces were observed in male and female rats of the 5% group. However, no significant differences from the controls were noted with regard to clinical signs, mortality and hematological findings. Decrease in absolute weight and increase in relative weight of the brain in males, and decrease of absolute kidney weight in females were observed in the 5% group, but there were no remarkable histopathological changes. A variety of tumors developed in all groups, including the controls, but all were histologically similar to those known to occur spontaneously in F344 rats, and no statistically significant increase in the incidence of any type of neoplastic lesion was found for either sex in the treated groups. Thus, it was concluded that, under the present experimental conditions, D-xylose is not carcinogenic to F344 rats.
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Aoyagi S, Toda S, Nishibori E, Kuroiwa Y, Adachi T, Ohishi Y, Takata M, Sakata M. High pressure effect on bonding nature in KMnF 3. Acta Crystallogr A 2005. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767305080645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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55
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Kuroiwa Y, Nishikawa A, Imazawa T, Kanki K, Kitamura Y, Umemura T, Hirose M. Lack of subchronic toxicity of an aqueous extract of Agaricus blazei Murrill in F344 rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2005; 43:1047-53. [PMID: 15833380 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2005.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2004] [Revised: 01/31/2005] [Accepted: 02/15/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Agaricus blazei Murrill, an edible mushroom, is widely used as a functional food due to its possible medicinal effects. Aqueous extracts are also used as food additive to provide an agreeable bitter taste. As a part of its safety assessment, the present 90-day subchronic toxicity study was performed in F344 rats. To establish a no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL), rats were fed powder diet containing A. blazei Murrill aqueous extract at dose levels of 0 (basal diet), 0.63, 1.25, 2.5 and 5% (maximum) for 90 days. During the experiment, there were no remarkable changes in general appearance and no deaths occurred in any experimental group. Although serum blood urea nitrogen was slightly but significantly increased in males of the 2.5 and 5% groups, no related histopathological changes were observed in the kidney, and serum creatinine levels were rather reduced, suggesting the increase of blood urea nitrogen to be of little toxicological significance. Hematology, organ weight measurement and histopathological observation revealed no test compound-related toxicological changes. In conclusion, A. blazei Murrill extract even at 5% in the diet (2654 mg/kgb.w./day for male rats and 2965 mg/kgb.w./day for female rats) did not cause remarkable adverse effects in F344 rats. Thus, the NOAEL was concluded to be 5% in the diet.
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Kakeda M, Hiratsuka M, Nagata K, Kuroiwa Y, Kakitani M, Katoh M, Oshimura M, Tomizuka K. Human artificial chromosome (HAC) vector provides long-term therapeutic transgene expression in normal human primary fibroblasts. Gene Ther 2005; 12:852-6. [PMID: 15750614 DOI: 10.1038/sj.gt.3302483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Human artificial chromosomes (HACs) segregating freely from host chromosomes are potentially useful to ensure both safety and duration of gene expression in therapeutic gene delivery. However, low transfer efficiency of intact HACs to the cells has hampered the studies using normal human primary cells, the major targets for ex vivo gene therapy. To elucidate the potential of HACs to be vectors for gene therapy, we studied the introduction of the HAC vector, which is reduced in size and devoid of most expressed genes, into normal primary human fibroblasts (hPFs) with microcell-mediated chromosome transfer (MMCT). We demonstrated the generation of cytogenetically normal hPFs harboring the structurally defined and extra HAC vector. This introduced HAC vector was retained stably in hPFs without translocation of the HAC on host chromosomes. We also achieved the long-term production of human erythropoietin for at least 12 weeks in them. These results revealed the ability of HACs as novel options to circumvent issues of conventional vectors for gene therapy.
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57
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Kamitani T, Kuroiwa Y, Hidaka M. Isolated hypesthesia in the right V2 and V3 dermatomes after a midpontine infarction localised at an ipsilateral principal sensory trigeminal nucleus. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2004; 75:1508-9. [PMID: 15377715 PMCID: PMC1738764 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.2004.038026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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58
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Wada M, Kimura M, Daimon M, Kurita K, Kato T, Johmura Y, Johkura K, Kuroiwa Y, Sobue G. An unusual phenotype of McLeod syndrome with late onset axonal neuropathy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2003; 74:1697-8. [PMID: 14638894 PMCID: PMC1757430 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.74.12.1697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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60
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Robl JM, Kasinathan P, Sullivan E, Kuroiwa Y, Tomizuka K, Ishida I. Artificial chromosome vectors and expression of complex proteins in transgenic animals. Theriogenology 2003; 59:107-13. [PMID: 12499022 DOI: 10.1016/s0093-691x(02)01262-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Artificial chromosome vectors are autonomous, replicating DNA sequences containing a centromere, two telomeres and origins of replication. Artificial chromosomes have been proposed as possible vectors for transferring very large sequences of DNA into animals. Our goal has been to insert the entire human heavy- and light-chain immunoglobulin loci into cattle as a step in developing a production system for large quantities of human therapeutic polyclonal antibodies. A mitotically stable fragment of chromosome 14, containing the human heavy-chain locus, was identified. A chromosome cloning system was used to transfer the human lambda locus from an unstable chromosome 22 fragment to the chromosome 14 fragment to create a human artificial chromosome (HAC) carrying both immunoglobulin loci. The HAC vector was introduced into bovine primary fibroblasts. Selected fibroblast clones were rejuvenated and expanded by producing cloned fetuses. Cloned fetal cells were selected and recloned to produce 21 healthy, transchromosomic (Tc) calves. Four were analyzed and shown to functionally rearrange both heavy- and light-chain human immunoglobulin loci and produce human polyclonal antibodies. These results demonstrate the feasibility of using HAC vectors for production of transgenic livestock. More importantly, Tc cattle containing human immunoglobulin genes may be used to produce novel human polyclonal therapeutics.
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61
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Koyano S, Iwabuchi K, Yagishita S, Kuroiwa Y, Uchihara T. Paradoxical absence of nuclear inclusion in cerebellar Purkinje cells of hereditary ataxias linked to CAG expansion. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2002; 73:450-2. [PMID: 12235319 PMCID: PMC1738092 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.73.4.450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Degeneration of cerebellar cortex is one of the principal features of hereditary ataxias linked to expansion of CAG repeat. In an attempt to clarify possible correlation between neuronal depletion and neuronal intranuclear inclusions, both triggered by the pathological expansion of CAG repeat, cerebellar sections from SCA1, SCA2, SCA3, and DRPLA cases were immunostained with anti-ubiquitin or anti-expanded polyglutamine antibody (1C2) and were screened for the presence of neuronal intranuclear inclusions. Although the degree of cerebellar degeneration varied greatly, cerebellar Purkinje cells were uniformly characterised by the absence of neuronal intranuclear inclusion. Complete absence of neuronal intranuclear inclusion in Purkinje cells is apparently paradoxical and hardly explained if neuronal intranuclear inclusion formation is positively correlated to a mechanism accelerating neuronal death. It may, otherwise, suggest an intrinsic link between neuronal intranuclear inclusion formation and neurodegeneration in opposite directions in human Purkinje cells, more or less affected in these CAG repeat disorders.
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62
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Yamashita I, Kawaji H, Atake T, Kuroiwa Y, Sawada A. Synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction study on successive phase transitions in AZnPO 4( A:Rb, Cs). Acta Crystallogr A 2002. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767302090992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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63
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Kuroiwa Y, Yoshida H, Ohshima T, Shinohara T, Ohguma A, Kazuki Y, Oshimura M, Ishida I, Tomizuka K. The use of chromosome-based vectors for animal transgenesis. Gene Ther 2002; 9:708-12. [PMID: 12032693 DOI: 10.1038/sj.gt.3301754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
This article summarizes our efforts to use chromosome-based vectors for animal transgenesis, which may have a benefit for overcoming the size constraints of cloned transgenes in conventional techniques. Since the initial trial for introducing naturally occurring human chromosome fragments (hCFs) with large and complex immunogulobulin (Ig) loci into mice we have obtained several lines of trans-chromosomic (Tc) mice with transmittable hCFs. As expected the normal tissue-specific expression of introduced human genes was reproduced in them by inclusion of essential remote regulatory elements. Recent development of 'chromosome cloning' technique that enable construction of human artificial chromosomes (HACs) containing a defined chromosomal region should prevent the introduction of additional genes other than genes of interest and thus enhance the utility of chromosome vector system. Using this technique a panel of HACs harboring inserts ranging in size from 1.5 to 10 Mb from three human chromosomes (hChr2, 7, 22) has been constructed. Tc animals containing the HACs may be valuable not only as a powerful tool for functional genomics but also as an in vivo model to study therapeutic gene delivery by HACs.
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64
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Cruz M, Tsuda K, Narumi Y, Kuroiwa Y, Nose T, Kojima Y, Okuyama A, Takahashi S, Aozasa K, Barentsz JO, Nakamura H. Characterization of low-intensity lesions in the peripheral zone of prostate on pre-biopsy endorectal coil MR imaging. Eur Radiol 2002; 12:357-65. [PMID: 11870434 DOI: 10.1007/s003300101044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2000] [Revised: 06/08/2001] [Accepted: 06/12/2001] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine which morphological features of low-intensity lesions in the peripheral zone of the prostate are predictable of prostate cancer on pre-biopsy T2-weighted integrated endorectal phased-array MR images. The MR examinations were performed in 69 consecutive patients with elevated level of prostate-specific antigen (>4 ng/ml) and/or a positive digital rectal examination before transperineal 12-site biopsy. Two radiologists evaluated presence of lesions, their morphological features, and possibility of malignancy in divided into four sections of the peripheral zone. Imaging analysis findings were compared with biopsy results. Discriminative features were selected by stepwise logistic regression. Descriptive statistics and receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves were also calculated. Sixty-eight benign lesions and 23 malignant lesions were found. Wedge shape and diffuse extensions without mass effect were significantly associated with benignity ( P=0.0105 and 0.002, respectively). Lesion size was significantly associated with malignancy ( P=0.0001). For evaluating probability of malignancy for lesions, regression model showed a comparable accuracy with the total impression for the readers in ROC analysis (Az 0.9095 vs 0.9266, respectively). Wedge shape, diffuse extension without mass effect, and size are the morphological features of low-intensity lesions in the peripheral zone on pre-biopsy T2-weighted MR images that give the best prediction of malignancy.
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65
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Nishiyama T, Johkura K, Johmura Y, Momoo T, Yamada H, Kuroiwa Y. Encephalitis with MRI abnormality as a manifestation of central nervous system involvement of adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma. Eur Neurol 2002; 46:218-20. [PMID: 11721131 DOI: 10.1159/000050809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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66
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Yamada H, Momose T, Okada M, Kuroiwa Y. Anticholinergic drugs: response of parkinsonism not responsive to levodopa. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2002; 72:111-3. [PMID: 11784836 PMCID: PMC1737680 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.72.1.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
A 41 year old man with parkinsonism and pyramidal signs is described. He was non-responsive to levodopa and dopamine receptor agonists but dramatically responded to trihexyphenidyl. In this patient, brain MRI showed bilateral hyperintensities along the corticospinal tracts on T2 weighted images. PET studies showed a decrease in (18)F-6-fluorodopa uptake in the putamen contralateral to the more affected limbs and normal D(2) receptor binding in the putamen. The PET and MRI findings and responsiveness to antiparkinsonian agents suggested degeneration of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons, striatal output pathways, and corticospinal tracts.
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67
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Ishikawa-Sakurai M, Toda H, Kishida H, Hachiya NS, Kuroiwa Y, Kaneko K. [Biosynthesis and conversion mechanism of prion protein]. Uirusu 2001; 51:159-62. [PMID: 11977756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
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68
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Kuroiwa Y, Aoyagi S, Sawada A, Harada J, Nishibori E, Takata M, Sakata M. Evidence for Pb-O covalency in tetragonal PbTiO3. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2001; 87:217601. [PMID: 11736378 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.87.217601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Accurate charge-density distributions of cubic and tetragonal PbTiO3 and BaTiO3 have been obtained by the MEM(maximum entropy method)/Rietveld analysis using synchrotron-radiation powder data. The Pb-O bonds in tetragonal PbTiO3 show rather strong covalency, while those in cubic PbTiO3 are ionic. This is the clear evidence of the Pb-O hybridization in tetragonal PbTiO3, which has been theoretically predicted as a key factor of much larger ferroelectricity of this substance than that of BaTiO3. Tetragonal PbTiO3 forms a layered structure of a two-dimensional covalent-bonding network consisting of the Ti-O5 pyramid.
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69
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Omoto S, Kuroiwa Y, Li M, Doi H, Shimamura M, Koyano S, Segawa H, Suzuki Y. Modulation of event-related potentials in normal human subjects by visual divided attention to spatial and color factors. Neurosci Lett 2001; 311:198-202. [PMID: 11578828 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3940(01)02172-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We investigated how visual event-related potentials (ERPs) are modulated by visual divided attention using an S1-S2 paradigm. Stimulus S2 consisted of non-target stimuli (Stimulus 1, 2, 3) and a target stimulus (Stimulus 4). The spatial/color factor was compared between S1 and S2: same/same (Stimulus 1); same/different (Stimulus 2); different/same (Stimulus 3); and different/different (Stimulus 4). The P1/N1 (90 approximately 150 ms) showed significantly greater amplitude in Stimulus 3 than in Stimuli 1 and 2. The N2 (230 approximately 290ms) showed significantly greater amplitude in Stimulus 2 than in Stimuli 1 and 3. We assumed that the P1/N1 was related to spatial attention, enhanced by alterations to the spatial factor, and that the N2 was related to color attention, enhanced by alterations to the color factor.
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70
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Doi H, Segawa F, Koyano S, Suzuki Y, Kuroiwa Y. [A case of Vernet's syndrome due to varicella-zoster virus infection]. Rinsho Shinkeigaku 2001; 41:695-7. [PMID: 11993191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
We report a 73-year-old man who suffered from an acute onset of dysphagia, cough, hoarseness and left facial and occipital pain. On the 44 days of illness, he was admitted to our clinic. A neurological examination revealed left IX, X and XI cranial nerve palsy. The diagnosis of Vernet's syndrome due to varicella-zoster virus (VZV) infection was made, based on the high titers of VZV antibody in serum. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a unique nodular lesion with gadolinium enhancement at the medial side of the left jugular foramen. Clinical symptoms improved with intravenous high dose pulse methylprednisolone therapy. The clinical course suggests that the inflammation extended from the left X cranial nerve ganglion.
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71
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Usuda J, Okunaka T, Furukawa K, Tsuchida T, Kuroiwa Y, Ohe Y, Saijo N, Nishio K, Konaka C, Kato H. Increased cytotoxic effects of photodynamic therapy in IL-6 gene transfected cells via enhanced apoptosis. Int J Cancer 2001; 93:475-80. [PMID: 11477550 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.1374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
PDT has been reported to induce cancer cell expression of cytokines, such as IL-6 and TNF-alpha, but it has been unclear whether cytokine expression by cancer cells is directly related to the antitumor effect of PDT. We treated Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cells with a new photosensitizer, mono-L-aspartyl chlorin e6 (NPe6) and light from a diode laser and found that expression of the mRNA of IL-2, IL-6, and TNF-alpha was increased by NPe6-mediated-PDT 6 hr later. To elucidate the mechanism of the direct anti-tumor effect of cytokine expression, we examined the photosensitivity of cytokine-gene-transfected cells, namely LLC-IL-2, LLC-IL-6, and LLC-TNF-alpha cells, by MTT assay. The IL-6 gene transfected, LLC-IL-6 cells were significantly more sensitive to cytotoxic effects than the parent LLC cells and other cytokine gene-transfected cells. This finding indicates that IL-6 expression modulates cellular sensitivity to PDT and that IL-2 and TNF-alpha expressions does not. In addition, the apoptosis of LLC-IL-6 cells induced by NPe6-PDT was greater than in the other cells as determined by DNA fragmentation and staining of apoptotic nuclei. Because IL-6 has been reported to induce apoptosis by downregulating expression of Bcl-2, we analyzed the expression of apoptosis-related Bcl-2, Bax, and cytochrome C by Western blot analysis. Decreased expression of Bcl-2 and cytochrome C was observed in both LLC cells and LLC-IL-6 cells. Bax protein increased in a time-dependent manner, and the ratio of Bax to Bcl-2 rose markedly after PDT in LLC-IL-6 cells. These results suggest that the increased sensitivity of LLC-IL-6 cells to PDT-induced cytotoxicity results from the high ratio of Bax to Bcl-2 in the IL-6-dependent apoptotic pathway. In conclusion, IL-6 expression plays a role in cellular sensitivity to PDT, and combination of IL-6 and PDT may provide a new strategy for cancer treatment.
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72
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Yamazaki T, Kamijo K, Kiyuna T, Takaki Y, Kuroiwa Y. Multiple dipole analysis of visual event-related potentials during oddball paradigm with silent counting. Brain Topogr 2001; 13:161-8. [PMID: 11302396 DOI: 10.1023/a:1007851018184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
In order to cope with the non-uniqueness of multiple equivalent current dipole source (ECD) solutions, a priori knowledge about P300 generators of visual event-related potentials (ERPs) during an oddball paradigm with silent counting task was incorporated into the multiple ECD localization method. Four-ECD solutions for the target P300 were selected which had the left frontal ECD. The rest of the ECDs were localized to the inferior parietal lobule, the hippocampal formation and subcortical region. By comparing the present results with those on the visual ERPs with button-pressing task, the P300 dipoles common to both the tasks were located at the frontal cortices, the hippocampal formation and the thalamus, suggesting that these structures are the main P300 generators.
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Kwon JT, Nakajima M, Chai S, Yom YK, Kim HK, Yamazaki H, Sohn DR, Yamamoto T, Kuroiwa Y, Yokoi T. Nicotine metabolism and CYP2A6 allele frequencies in Koreans. PHARMACOGENETICS 2001; 11:317-23. [PMID: 11434509 DOI: 10.1097/00008571-200106000-00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
CYP2A6 is a major catalyst of nicotine metabolism to cotinine. Previously, we demonstrated that the interindividual difference in nicotine metabolism is related to a genetic polymorphism of the CYP2A6 gene in Japanese. To clarify the ethnic differences in nicotine metabolism and frequencies of CYP2A6 alleles, we studied nicotine metabolism and the CYP2A6 genotype in 209 Koreans. The cotinine/nicotine ratio of the plasma concentration 2 h after chewing one piece of nicotine gum was calculated as an index of nicotine metabolism. The genotypes of CYP2A6 gene (CYP2A6*1A, CYP2A6*1B, CYP2A6*2, CYP2A6*3, CYP2A6*4 and CYP2A6*5) were determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-restriction fragment length polymorphism or allele specific (AS)-PCR. There were ethnic differences in the allele frequencies of CYP2A6*1A, CYP2A6*1B, CYP2A6*4 and CYP2A6*5 between Koreans (45.7%, 42.8%, 11.0% and 0.5%, respectively) and Japanese (42.4%, 37.5%, 20.1% and 0%, respectively, our previous data). Similar to the Japanese, no CYP2A6*2 and CYP2A6*3 alleles were found in Koreans. The homozygotes of the CYP2A6*4 allele (four subjects) were completely deficient in cotinine formation, being consistent with the data among Japanese. The heterozygotes of CYP2A6*4 tended to possess a lower metabolic ratio (CYP2A6*1A/CYP2A6*4, 4.79 +/- 3.17; CYP2A6*1B/CYP2A6*4, 7.43 +/- 4.97) than that in subjects without the allele (CYP2A6*1A/CYP2A6*1A, 7.42 +/- 6.56; CYP2A6*1A/CYP2A6*1B, 9.85 +/- 16.12; CYP2A6*1B/CYP2A6*1B, 11.33 +/- 9.33). The subjects who possess the CYP2A6*1B allele appeared to show higher capabilities of cotinine formation. It was confirmed that the interindividual difference in nicotine metabolism was closely related to the genetic polymorphism of CYP2A6. The probit plot of the metabolic ratios in Koreans (8.73 +/- 11.88) was shifted to a higher ratio than that in the Japanese (3.78 +/- 3.09). In each genotype group, the Korean subjects revealed significantly higher metabolic ratios than the Japanese subjects. The ethnic difference in cotinine formation might be due to environmental and/or diet factors as well as genetic factors.
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74
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Ueda N, Susuki K, Tanigawa A, Kuroiwa Y, Obayashi O. [Delayed radial nerve palsy following a humeral shaft fracture]. Rinsho Shinkeigaku 2001; 41:322-4. [PMID: 11771164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
We reported a 24-year-old man with right radial nerve palsy. He had suffered from a right humeral shaft fracture approximately three years before. The fracture was treated with intramedullary nailing. Our radiograph of the right upper limb showed callus around the fracture site. A nerve conduction study revealed conduction block of the radial nerve at the lateral side of the callus. Tinel's sign was present in the median nerve at the medial side of the callus. Surgical exploration revealed that the radial nerve trunk was compressed at the callus site. The median nerve trunk was close to the callus. We decompressed radial nerve trunk, and the patient's neurological symptoms improved gradually after the operation. Delayed radial nerve palsy has been reported only rarely, whereas acute compression of the nerve sometimes occurs after humeral shaft fractures. Morever, the median nerve also was vulnerable to compression at the site of callus. These findings underscore the importance of taking into account the possibility of delayed compression neuropathy after humeral shaft fracture.
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75
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Johkura K, Hasegawa O, Kuroiwa Y. Episodic encephalopathy with dilated pupils. Neurology 2001; 56:1115-6. [PMID: 11320195 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.56.8.1115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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76
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Johmura Y, Johkura K, Kuroiwa Y. [Bilateral ptosis, bilateral upgaze and adduction paresis, and monocular downgaze paresis from a mesencephalic infarction]. NO TO SHINKEI = BRAIN AND NERVE 2001; 53:363-7. [PMID: 11360476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
We report a 57-year-old man with an ischemic lesion in the midbrain. In the acute stage, he presented with bilateral ptosis and markedly limited extraocular motion except for bilateral abduction and downward motion of the right eye. The pupillary reaction to light of his left eye also was impaired. He was admitted to our hospital, and brain MRI showed a small infarction extending from the left paramedian to the median tegmentum of the midbrain. Three weeks after admission, the ptosis and limited extraocular right eye motion had resolved. The pupillary reaction and downward motion of the left eye normalized gradually within 3 weeks. Two months after admission, ptosis and the limited left eye adduction were partially resolved, but the markedly limited upgaze of the left eye had not changed. Initial neuro-ophthalmologic findings suggested involvement of the caudal part of the oculomotor nucleus and the left oculomotor nerve within the midbrain. The pattern of neuro-ophthalmologic impairment seen in our patient led us to conclude that the caudal oculomotor nucleus and medial part of the fascicular fibers of the left oculomotor nerve probably recovered first, after which recovery of the fascicular fibers progressed laterally. The results of serial MRI were consistent with this interpretation.
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77
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Wang L, Kuroiwa Y, Li M, Wang J, Kamitani T. Do P1 and N1 evoked by the ERP task reflect primary visual processing in Parkinson's disease? Doc Ophthalmol 2001; 102:83-93. [PMID: 11518459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate whether P1 and N1 evoked by ERP tasks could appropriately reflect primary visual processing in Parkinson's disease (PD). METHODS We recorded ERPs in 13 PD patients with duration of illness less than 5 years and 18 age-matched normal control subjects. P1 and N1 from Oz were evoked by a visual oddball and a delayed matching S1-S2 task. The effect of different events on P1 and N1 was studied. All patients were given an ECD-SPECT examination, and the SPECT images were overlaid on the 3D-MRI. The correlation of P1 or N1 to the regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was studied. RESULTS P1 was not influenced by different events. There was no significant P1 differences between the PD and the normal group. N1 was significantly shorter and smaller in the patients than that in the normal group. N1 amplitude after the waveform subtraction (target-frequent) in the PD group did not show significant difference with that in the normal controls, nor with the N1 before the subtraction. Nd, the subcomponent of N1 after the subtraction in the patients was significantly earlier and smaller than that in the normal controls. P1 only weakly correlated with the rCBF in the occipital lobe. N1 was correlated with the rCBF in a global region. CONCLUSIONS The results provided some evidence that P1 might reflect the primary visual processing, and N1 might be involved in both primary and cognitive visual processing. The altered N1 in the PD patients might be due to the deformed Nd.
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78
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Kohda T, Asai A, Kuroiwa Y, Kobayashi S, Aisaka K, Nagashima G, Yoshida MC, Kondo Y, Kagiyama N, Kirino T, Kaneko-Ishino T, Ishino F. Tumour suppressor activity of human imprinted gene PEG3 in a glioma cell line. Genes Cells 2001; 6:237-47. [PMID: 11260267 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2443.2001.00412.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mouse imprinted gene Peg3 encodes a large C2H2 type zinc finger protein with unique characteristics. Peg3 knockout mice were found to show an impairment in maternal behaviour of the adult female. Mouse Peg3 is located on the proximal region of chromosome 7 which is syntenic to the long arm of human chromosome 19. It has been reported that a loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of chromosome 19q occurs frequently in several glioma types. RESULTS We isolated human PEG3 cDNA. Both human and mouse PEG3 were strongly expressed in the adult brain and the Peg3 protein was localized in the nuclei of both neurones and glial cells. A significant decrease in PEG3 expression was more commonly observed in glioma cell lines as compared with that in primary cultures of astrocytes. Transfection of PEG3 cDNA in a glioma cell line resulted in a loss of tumorigenicity in nude mice. CONCLUSIONS The human PEG3 gene is a paternally expressed imprinted gene. Introduction of PEG3 cDNA into the glioma cells suggests that human PEG3 protein functions as a tumour suppressor. Human PEG3 is located on 19q13.4 and is one of the candidates for tumour suppressor genes that are predicted to be sited in gliomas.
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79
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Matsushita Y, Kuroiwa Y. [Sanfilippo syndrome]. RYOIKIBETSU SHOKOGUN SHIRIZU 2001:464-5. [PMID: 11031994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
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80
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Matsushita Y, Kuroiwa Y. [Maroteaux-Lamy syndrome]. RYOIKIBETSU SHOKOGUN SHIRIZU 2001:468-9. [PMID: 11031996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
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81
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Abstract
To understand malalignments of the visual axes in one-and-a-half syndrome, we measured eye positions in 4 patients with this syndrome under two conditions: with Frenzel goggles to prevent eye fixation and without Frenzel goggles. When fixation was prevented with the Frenzel goggles, all patients showed mild outward deviation in both eyes. Removal of the Frenzel goggles elicited adduction of the eye ipsilateral to the side of the lesion for fixation, with greater outward deviation of the contralateral eye (acute stage), or adduction of both eyes to midposition for biocular fixation (convalescent stage). In 3 patients whose outward eye deviation with Frenzel goggles was greater on the ipsilateral side, a transition from one-and-a-half syndrome to ipsilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia was noted, whereas a transition to ipsilateral gaze palsy was seen in the one patient whose deviation was greater on the contralateral side. These findings suggest that in one-and-a-half syndrome patients, the eyes tend to be in divergent positions when fixation is prevented; ipsilateral eye deviation may result from medial longitudinal fasciculus involvement, and contralateral eye deviation may result from paramedian pontine reticular formation involvement. Viewing a target may lead to a secondary deviation or adaptation of eye positions for fixation.
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82
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Matsushita Y, Kuroiwa Y. [Hunter syndrome]. RYOIKIBETSU SHOKOGUN SHIRIZU 2001:462-3. [PMID: 11031993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
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83
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Matsushita Y, Kuroiwa Y. [Morquio syndrome, beta-galactosidase deficiency]. RYOIKIBETSU SHOKOGUN SHIRIZU 2001:466-7. [PMID: 11031995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
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84
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Matsushita Y, Kuroiwa Y. [Sly disease]. RYOIKIBETSU SHOKOGUN SHIRIZU 2001:470. [PMID: 11031997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
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85
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Matsushita Y, Kuroiwa Y. [Hurler syndrome(MPS IH), Scheie syndrome(MPS IS)]. RYOIKIBETSU SHOKOGUN SHIRIZU 2001:460-1. [PMID: 11031992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
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86
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Susuki K, Johkura K, Yuki N, Hasegawa O, Kuroiwa Y. Rapid resolution of nerve conduction blocks after plasmapheresis in Guillain-Barré syndrome associated with anti-GM1b IgG antibody. J Neurol 2001; 248:148-50. [PMID: 11284136 DOI: 10.1007/s004150170253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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87
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Kobayashi K, Kogo M, Tani M, Shimada N, Ishizaki T, Numazawa S, Yoshida T, Yamamoto T, Kuroiwa Y, Chiba K. Role of CYP2C19 in stereoselective hydroxylation of mephobarbital by human liver microsomes. Drug Metab Dispos 2001; 29:36-40. [PMID: 11124227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The 4-hydroxylation of mephobarbital enantiomers was investigated by using human liver microsomes from the extensive metabolizers (EM) and poor metabolizers of CYP2C19. The 4-hydroxylase activity of R-mephobarbital in the EM microsomes was >10 times higher than that of S-mephobarbital. In the poor metabolizer microsomes, the 4-hydroxylase activity of R-mephobarbital was much lower than that in the EM microsomes, and the ratio of 4-hydroxylase activity of R-mephobarbital to that of S-mephobarbital was also lower than that in the EM microsomes. Moreover, the 4-hydroxylase activity of R-mephobarbital showed a high correlation (r = 0.985, p<0.001) with the 4'-hydroxylase activity of S-mephenytoin in a panel of nine human liver microsomes. Anti-CYP2C antibody inhibited R-mephobarbital 4-hydroxylase activity by 85% of the control activity. R-Mephobarbital competitively inhibited S-mephenytoin 4'-hydroxylase activity (K(i) = 34 microM), while S-mephenytoin inhibited R-mephobarbital 4-hydroxylase activity (K(i) = 103 microM). Among the seven cDNA-expressed CYPs studied, only CYP2C19 catalyzed R-mephobarbital 4-hydroxylation. These findings suggest that the 4-hydroxylation of mephobarbital catalyzed by CYP2C19 is preferential for R-enantiomer in human liver microsomes.
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88
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Nakajima M, Kwon JT, Tanaka N, Zenta T, Yamamoto Y, Yamamoto H, Yamazaki H, Yamamoto T, Kuroiwa Y, Yokoi T. Relationship between interindividual differences in nicotine metabolism and CYP2A6 genetic polymorphism in humans. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2001; 69:72-8. [PMID: 11180041 DOI: 10.1067/mcp.2001.112688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nicotine is mainly metabolized to cotinine by cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2A6. Previously, we found that the CYP2A6 gene was deleted homozygously in one subject who was deficient in cotinine formation from nicotine. OBJECTIVE Our objective was to clarify the relationship between interindividual differences in nicotine metabolism and CYP2A6 genetic polymorphism. METHODS Nicotine was administered to 92 healthy Japanese subjects in the form of 1 piece of nicotine gum to investigate the potency of nicotine metabolism. The cotinine-nicotine ratio of the plasma concentration 2 hours after chewing was calculated as an index of nicotine metabolism. The genotypes of CYP2A6 gene, CYP2A6*1A, CYP2A6*1B, CYP2A6*2, CYP2A6*3, CYP2A6*4, and CYP2A6*5, were determined with polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. RESULTS A large interindividual difference in nicotine metabolism was observed. Allele frequencies of CYP2A6*1A, CYP2A6*1B, and CYP2A6*4 were 42.4%, 37.5%, and 20.1%, respectively. The CYP2A6*2, CYP2A6*3, and CYP2A6*5 alleles were not found. Three subjects genotyped as CYP2A6*4/CYP2A6*4 were completely deficient in cotinine formation. The heterozygotes of the CYP2A6*4 allele tend to show lower capacities for cotinine formation. The subjects with CYP2A6*1A/CYP2A6*1B appeared to have higher capacities of cotinine formation than subjects with CYP2A6*1A/CYP2A6*1A, although the difference was not significant. The probit plot of the cotinine-nicotine ratio was not linear; this possibly indicated the existence of a novel mutation in the CYP2A6 gene genotyped as CYP2A6*1B/CYP2A6*4. CONCLUSIONS The relationship between interindividual differences in nicotine metabolism and CYP2A6 genetic polymorphism in humans was proved.
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89
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Omoto S, Kuroiwa Y, Li M, Kamitani T. The hemispherical laterality of the visual evoked potentials during simple dot stimulus in normal human subjects. Neurosci Lett 2000; 294:89-92. [PMID: 11058794 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3940(00)01555-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
We studied scalp visual evoked potentials (VEPs) during a simple visual attention paradigm using a dot stimulus, which was presented every 1600 ms, at the center of a screen. The visual attention paradigm consisted of three tasks: task R, task L and task N. The subjects were instructed to press a button either with the right hand (task R) or with the left hand (task L) after seeing the dot. They were also instructed just to look at a dot, without pressing the button (task N). We defined N1 as a negative wave with a latency of 50-130 ms, P1 as a positive wave with a latency of 110-150 ms and N2 as a negative wave with a latency of 130-210 ms. During task R, P1-N2 amplitude at T6 was significantly greater than that at T5. The N1-P1 and N2 amplitudes at O2 were significantly greater than those at O1. During task L, the waveforms at T6 and O2 were more clearly detected than those at T5 and O1. We conclude that there is a functional dominance of the right cerebral hemisphere in our simple visual reaction tasks.
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90
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Shimamura M, Yamaguchi S, Kuroiwa Y. [A Lambert-Faton myasthenic syndrome and subacute cerebellar degeneration with a favorable clinical course after resection of small-cell lung cancer]. Rinsho Shinkeigaku 2000; 40:1028-32. [PMID: 11296368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
A case of Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS) and subacute cerebellar degeneration (SCD) was associated with small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). The patient, a 52-year-old man, who had noticed impotence one year previously, began to have ataxic gait, scanning speech and thirst progressing for 3 months, followed by weakness of the lower limbs, bilateral blepharoptosis, and double vision. Electromyographic studies showed low amplitude of compound muscle action potential (CMAP) and waxing phenomenon in high frequency stimulation of the ulnar nerve. A chest x-ray showed a mass lesion in the left hilar region, and small cell lung cancer was diagnosed on the basis of biopsy specimens. Anti-voltage-gated calcium channel (VGCC) antibody was positive. Anti-Yo and anti-Hu antibodies were negative. The patient was treated by lobectomy and chemotherapy, which resulted in improvement in the LEMS and SCD. Anti-VGCC antibody, the CMAP amplitude, and waxing phenomenon were improved. Operable cases of SCLC are rare. But we propose that anti-neoplastic treatment including resection of the tumor is the first choice for the treatment of paraneoplastic syndrome associated with SCLC.
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91
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Kuroiwa Y, Tomizuka K, Shinohara T, Kazuki Y, Yoshida H, Ohguma A, Yamamoto T, Tanaka S, Oshimura M, Ishida I. Manipulation of human minichromosomes to carry greater than megabase-sized chromosome inserts. Nat Biotechnol 2000; 18:1086-90. [PMID: 11017048 DOI: 10.1038/80287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
For introducing regions of human chromosomes greater than a megabase into cells or animals, we have developed a chromosome-cloning system in which defined regions of human chromosomes can be cloned into a stable human minichromosome vector in homologous recombination-proficient chicken DT40 cells. The stable minichromosome vector allowed a 10 Mb-sized region of the mitotically unstable human chromosome 22 to be stably maintained in mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells, and in mice. Furthermore, we demonstrated functional expression of human genes from the HAC in mice. This study describes a stable cloning and expression system for greater than megabase-sized regions of human chromosomes.
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92
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Nishibori E, Takata M, Kato K, Kubota Y, Aoyagi, Kuroiwa Y, Ikeda S, Sakata M. Structural Studies by the Debye-Scherrer Camera installed at BL02B2, Spring-8. Acta Crystallogr A 2000. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767300024788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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93
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Sasaki T, Tokuyama S, Shimizu H, Kawada H, Soh I, Sueki H, Iijima M, Yamamoto T, Kuroiwa Y. Differential property of antigenic characterization between piroxicam and ampiroxicam in contact hypersensitivity. RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS IN MOLECULAR PATHOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2000; 105:147-54. [PMID: 10850378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Piroxicam (PXM; a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug) has been reported to induce photosensitivity. In our previous report, however, ultraviolet-A (UVA)-irradiated or non-irradiated PXM did not induce any reactions in the in vivo model of contact hypersensitivity, while positive patch testing was shown by ampiroxicam (APX; a prodrug of PXM). The purpose of the present study was to clarify the influence of protein on the antigenicity of PXM using this model. Animals sensitized by UVA-irradiated 1% APX showed positive patch testing (open application) in UVA-irradiated 1% APX, while they were negative in challenge by UVA-irradiated PXM with or without 5% human serum albumin (HSA). Although animals sensitized by 1% thiosalicylate (TOS), which is thought to be an active hapten of PXM, were cross-reacted with UVA-irradiated 1% APX, they failed to react with UVA-irradiated 1% PXM with or without HSA. On the other hand, intra-dermal testing (intra-dermal application) in UVA-irradiated 0.1% PXM with 5% HSA was positive in animals sensitized by UVA-irradiated 1% APX, while 5% HSA alone, 0.1% PXM with 5% HSA and UVA-irradiated 0.1% PXM did not induce any reactions under this condition. Furthermore, concentration of PXM in the presence of HSA was reduced by UVA-irradiation in a time dependent manner, while the degradation of PXM was not observed in the absence of HSA. Finally, PXM almost disappeared at 120 min after the initiation of UVA-irradiation. The degradation of PXM irradiated by UVA was dependent on the concentration of HSA at the range of 0 to 4%. Hence, these results suggest that the presence of protein is necessary for the induction of the antigenic activity of PXM and the antigenic characterization of PXM is different from that of APX in contact hypersensitivity.
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94
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Yamazaki T, Kamijo K, Kenmochi A, Fukuzumi S, Kiyuna T, Takaki Y, Kuroiwa Y. Multiple equivalent current dipole source localization of visual event-related potentials during oddball paradigm with motor response. Brain Topogr 2000; 12:159-75. [PMID: 10791680 DOI: 10.1023/a:1023467806268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Event-related potentials (ERPs) during a visual oddball paradigm with button-pressing responses were recorded in 12 right-handed subjects from 32 scalp electrodes. The single equivalent current dipole (ECD) of the target C1 (weak occipito-parietal negativity from 30-80 ms) was consistently located at the primary visual cortex. From the 4-ECD localization of the target P1/N1 (temporally coincident frontal positivity and occipito-temporal negativity), it was suggested that this complex reflected activities from distributed sources along both dorsal occipito-parietal and ventral occipito-temporal areas. The stable multiple ECD solutions for the target P3b were chosen as those including the left primary motor and/or sensorimotor dipole and satisfying goodness-of-fit (GOF) of more than 98% and confidence limit (CL) of less than 1 mm. The obtained frontal dipoles were discussed in terms of visual working memory and sustained attention in reference to the previous PET, fMRI and MEG studies. The distributed multiple ECDs may suggest that P3 should be interpreted as being the embodiment of the cortico-limbic-thalamic network which involves Halgren and Marinkovic's emotional and behavioral model and Mesulam's attentional circuit.
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95
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Nakajima M, Yamamoto T, Kuroiwa Y, Yokoi T. Improved highly sensitive method for determination of nicotine and cotinine in human plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY. B, BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS 2000; 742:211-5. [PMID: 10892601 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4347(00)00149-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A highly sensitive and reliable method for the determination of nicotine and its metabolite cotinine in human plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography was developed. Nicotine and cotinine were extracted from alkalinized plasma with dichloromethane and the volatility of nicotine was prevented by the addition of conc. HCl to the organic solvent during evaporation. The sensitivity of quantification at 260 nm absorption was improved by using a noise-base clean Uni-3 to 0.2 ng/ml nicotine and 1.0 ng/ml cotinine. The method was validated over linear ranges of 0.2-25.0 ng/ml for nicotine and 1.0-80.0 ng/ml for cotinine. The intra-day precision and accuracy were < or = 15.9% relative standard variation (RSD) and 89.9-103.5% for nicotine and < or = 8.0% RSD and 98.7-103.0% for cotinine. The inter-day precision and accuracy were < or = 17.0% RSD and 94.2-100.9% for nicotine and < or = 8.2% RSD and 98.0-105.1% for cotinine.
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96
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Wang L, Kuroiwa Y, Kamitani T, Li M, Takahashi T, Suzuki Y, Shimamura M, Hasegawa O. Visual event-related potentials in progressive supranuclear palsy, corticobasal degeneration, striatonigral degeneration, and Parkinson's disease. J Neurol 2000; 247:356-63. [PMID: 10896267 DOI: 10.1007/s004150050602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
To determine whether there are characteristic changes in event-related potentials (ERPs) in parkinsonian syndromes we studied 8 patients with progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), 10 patients with corticobasal degeneration (CBD), 9 patients with striatonigral degeneration (SND), and 16 patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD) with a mean duration of illness shorter than 5 years in each group. A visual oddball paradigm was employed to elicit P300. P300 to the rare target and rare nontarget stimuli and reaction time (RT) to rare target stimuli in each group were compared with those in the corresponding age-matched normal control group and to each other after age correction. The correlation of P300 and RT to motor disability score was also studied. In PSP P300 amplitude was markedly reduced while in CBD P300 latency was prolonged. P300 amplitude to rare nontargets in SND and PD was attenuated. The mean RT in the PSP and the CBD group was significantly longer than in the other two groups. The mean RT in PD and P300 amplitude to rare nontargets in both CBD and PD showed significant correlation with the severity of motor disability. Simultaneous measurement of P300 and RT may yield useful supplementary information in facilitating diagnosis of parkinsonian syndromes in addition to clinical criteria.
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97
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Segawa F, Kuroiwa Y. [Abnormal movements: classification and recent progress in their study]. NIHON NAIKA GAKKAI ZASSHI. THE JOURNAL OF THE JAPANESE SOCIETY OF INTERNAL MEDICINE 2000; 89:608-16. [PMID: 10876915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
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98
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Susuki K, Matsumoto S, Kitagawa N, Shinohara H, Hasegawa O, Kuroiwa Y. Epidural compression of the cauda equina caused by vertebral osteoblastic metastasis of prostatic carcinoma: resolution by hormonal therapy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2000; 68:514-5. [PMID: 10727492 PMCID: PMC1736881 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.68.4.514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
A 59 year old man with prostatic carcinoma developed epidural compression of the cauda equina caused by bony expansion from a vertebral osteoblastic metastasis. For medical reasons he could not undergo radiation or surgery. Hormonal therapy alone relieved his low back pain and restored ambulation and urinary function. Postmyelography CT showed that the bony expansion from the vertebra had completely disappeared after treatment. This is the first report of remarkable improvement due to hormonal therapy alone.
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99
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Wang L, Kuroiwa Y, Li M, Kamitani T, Wang J, Takahashi T, Suzuki Y, Ikegami T, Matsubara S. The correlation between P300 alterations and regional cerebral blood flow in non-demented Parkinson's disease. Neurosci Lett 2000; 282:133-6. [PMID: 10717409 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3940(00)00886-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
P300 was evoked by a visual oddball and an S1-S2 task in 22 non-demented Parkinson's disease (PD) patients (13 in the early stage, nine in the late stage) and 18 normal controls. Reaction time was also measured. All patients undertook the (99)Tc-ECD SPECT examination. Quantitative regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was obtained by overlying SPECT image on the 3D-magnetic resonance image. In the PD patients in the late stage, P300 latency to S2-same and reaction time were significantly prolonged, while rCBF at bilateral frontal, temporal, and the right parietal lobes was decreased. P300 latency to S2-same was significantly correlated with the rCBF at bilateral temporal lobes. Reaction time was significantly correlated with the rCBF at the right frontal and parietal lobes, as well as the temporal and occipital lobes. The results suggest that P300 changes in non-demented PD in the late stage could be related to the temporal lobe dysfunction.
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100
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Johkura K, Hara A, Hattori T, Hasegawa O, Kuroiwa Y. Frosted branch angitis associated with aseptic meningitis. Eur J Neurol 2000; 7:241. [PMID: 10809950 DOI: 10.1046/j.1468-1331.2000.00040.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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