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Chang YL, Tao Q, Scheuring C, Ding K, Meksem K, Zhang HB. An integrated map of Arabidopsis thaliana for functional analysis of its genome sequence. Genetics 2001; 159:1231-42. [PMID: 11729165 PMCID: PMC1461882 DOI: 10.1093/genetics/159.3.1231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The genome of the model plant species Arabidopsis thaliana has recently been sequenced. To accelerate its current genome research, we developed a whole-genome, BAC/BIBAC-based, integrated physical, genetic, and sequence map of the A. thaliana ecotype Columbia. This new map was constructed from the clones of a new plant-transformation-competent BIBAC library and is integrated with the existing sequence map. The clones were restriction fingerprinted by DNA sequencing gel-based electrophoresis, assembled into contigs, and anchored to an existing genetic map. The map consists of 194 BAC/BIBAC contigs, spanning 126 Mb of the 130-Mb Arabidopsis genome. A total of 120 contigs, spanning 114 Mb, were anchored to the chromosomes of Arabidopsis. Accuracy of the integrated map was verified using the existing physical and sequence maps and numerous DNA markers. Integration of the new map with the sequence map has enabled gap closure of the sequence map and will facilitate functional analysis of the genome sequence. The method used here has been demonstrated to be sufficient for whole-genome physical mapping from large-insert random bacterial clones and thus is applicable to rapid development of whole-genome physical maps for other species.
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Chen JJ, Chang YL, Teng CM, Chen IS. Vasorelaxing and antioxidant constituents from Hernandia nymphaeifolia. PLANTA MEDICA 2001; 67:593-598. [PMID: 11582533 DOI: 10.1055/s-2001-17348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Three new alkaloids, (+)-nymphaedaline (1), oxo-O-methylbulbocapnine (2), and (+)-laetine (3), have been isolated from the trunk bark of Hernandia nymphaeifolia. The structures of these new compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis. Among the isolates of this plant obtained till now, sixteen compounds show effective inhibitory activities on the contraction of vascular smooth muscles induced by high K+ (80 mM) or norepinephrine (3 microM). In addition, eight compounds showed effective antioxidant activities in scavenging the stable free radical, diphenyl-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH).
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Chang YL, Lee YC, Shih JY, Wu CT. Pulmonary pleomorphic (spindle) cell carcinoma: peculiar clinicopathologic manifestations different from ordinary non-small cell carcinoma. Lung Cancer 2001; 34:91-7. [PMID: 11557118 DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(01)00224-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Pleomorphic (spindle) cell carcinoma, also known as monophasic sarcomatoid carcinoma, is a rare primary pulmonary malignancy. This type of tumor shows concurrent presence of malignant epithelial and homologous sarcomatoid spindle cell components by co-expressing cytokeratin and vimentin in various degrees. Sixteen cases (four central endobronchial lesions and 12 peripheral parenchymal masses) were studied clinicopathologically. Men were affected far more frequently than women (13:3). The patients were between 56 and 80 years of age. The disease is strongly associated with smoking. Among seven of the patients who underwent surgical resection, four of them had mediastinum, pleura and chest wall invasions, and three of them had regional lymph node metastases. All of the patients succumbed to early distant metastases (range 2 weeks-5 months) in organs including brain, bone, adrenal gland, and unusual sites such as esophagus, jejunum, rectum and kidney. The remaining nine inoperable cases were late stage disease and treated with chemoradiotherapy with little effect. The median duration of survival was 3 months. All parenchymal masses appeared as cavities with marked central necrosis, and only peripheral rim of tumor cells was left. More definite diagnostic results will depend on further tissue sections and can be confirmed by immunohistochemical studies. Significantly fewer Ki-67, p53 and c-erb B-2 oncoprotein expressions were also noted.
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Shih JY, Yang SC, Hong TM, Yuan A, Chen JJ, Yu CJ, Chang YL, Lee YC, Peck K, Wu CW, Yang PC. Collapsin response mediator protein-1 and the invasion and metastasis of cancer cells. J Natl Cancer Inst 2001; 93:1392-400. [PMID: 11562390 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/93.18.1392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous genetic changes are associated with metastasis and invasion of cancer cells. To identify differentially expressed invasion-associated genes, we screened a panel of lung cancer cell lines (CL(1-0), CL(1-1), CL(1-5), and CL(1-5)-F(4) in order of increasing invasive activity) for such genes and selected one gene, collapsin response mediator protein-1 (CRMP-1), to characterize. METHODS We used a microarray containing 9600 gene sequences to assess gene expression in the cell panel and selected the differentially expressed CRMP-1 gene for further study. We confirmed the differential expression of CRMP-1 with northern and western blot analyses. After transfecting and overexpressing CRMP-1 in highly invasive CL(1-5) cells, the cells were assessed morphologically and with an in vitro invasion assay. We used enhanced green fluorescent protein-tagged CRMP-1 and fluorescence microscopy to localize CRMP-1 intracellularly. CRMP-1 expression in 80 lung cancer specimens was determined by real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS Expression of CRMP-1 was inversely associated with invasive activity in the cell panel, an observation confirmed by northern and western blot analyses. CRMP-1-transfected CL(1-5) cells became rounded and had fewer filopodia and statistically significantly lower in vitro invasive activity than untransfected cells (all P< .001). During interphase, CRMP-1 protein was present uniformly throughout the cytoplasm and sometimes in the nucleus; during mitosis, CRMP-1 was associated with mitotic spindles, centrosomes, and the midbody (in late telophase). Real-time RT-PCR of lung cancer specimens showed that reduced expression of CRMP-1 was statistically significantly associated with advanced disease (stage III or IV; P = .010), lymph node metastasis (N1, N2, and N3; P =.043), early postoperative relapse (P = .030), and shorter survival (P = .016). CONCLUSIONS CRMP-1 appears to be involved in cancer invasion and metastasis and may be an invasion-suppressor gene.
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Chang YL, Shen JJ, Wung BS, Cheng JJ, Wang DL. Chinese herbal remedy wogonin inhibits monocyte chemotactic protein-1 gene expression in human endothelial cells. Mol Pharmacol 2001; 60:507-13. [PMID: 11502881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Wogonin (Wog), an active component of Scutellaria baicalensis, has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), a potent chemoattractant for monocytes, plays a crucial role in case of early inflammatory responses, including atherosclerosis. In this study, we investigated the effect of Wog on phorbol ester (PMA)-induced MCP-1 expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (ECs). The MCP-1 mRNA levels and MCP-1 release in Wog-treated ECs were measured. Wog inhibited PMA-induced MCP-1 mRNA levels and MCP-1 secretion in a dose-dependent manner. The inhibition of MCP-1 induction by Wog is a transcriptional event, as shown by Wog's significant reduction of both MCP-1 promoter and 4x 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate response element-luciferase reporter activities. By electrophoretic mobility assay, Wog significantly reduced the AP-1 binding activity induced by PMA. Furthermore, the PMA-induced extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 and c-Jun amino-terminal kinase activities that contributed to AP-1 activity and MCP-1 gene induction were obviously attenuated after pretreating ECs with Wog. The decrease of MCP-1 secretion by Wog pretreatment led to a reduction of monocyte adhesion to ECs. Taken together, our results demonstrate that Wog inhibits MCP-1 induction in ECs; this inhibition is mediated by reducing AP-1 transcriptional activity via the attenuation of ERK1/2 and JNK signal transduction pathways. We conclude that Wog has the potential therapeutic development for use in anti-inflammatory and vascular disorders.
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Chen IS, Chen HF, Cheng MJ, Chang YL, Teng CM, Tsutomu I, Chen JJ, Tsai IL. Quinoline alkaloids and other constituents of Melicope semecarpifolia with antiplatelet aggregation activity. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2001; 64:1143-1147. [PMID: 11575945 DOI: 10.1021/np010122k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Three new quinoline alkaloids, 2-acetylevolitrine (1), 2-acetylpteleine (2), and semecarpifoline (3), along with 26 known compounds were isolated from the root bark of Melicope semecarpifolia. The structures of 1-3 were elucidated by means of spectral analysis. In addition, (2S)-(--)-7,8-dimethoxyplatydesmine (4), cis-(+)-7,8-dimethoxymyrtopsine (5), and (3R)-(--)-8,9-dimethoxygeibalansine (6) were isolated as new natural products. Several of these isolates were determined as exhibiting significant antiplatelet aggregation activities in vitro.
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Abstract
Facial nerve schwannomas are uncommon neoplasms. Multiple schwannomas of the facial nerve in the parotid region are rare. Research regarding the pathogenesis of multiple facial nerve schwannomas is incomplete. Both the neoplastic bridging of tumor cells and tumor multicentricity have been hypothesized. We present a case of multiple intraparotid facial nerve schwannomas. In this case, the histologic features of the tumors support the multicentric hypothesis.
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Chang YL, Peng YH, Pan IC, Sun DS, King B, Huang DH. Essential role of Drosophila Hdac1 in homeotic gene silencing. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2001; 98:9730-5. [PMID: 11493709 PMCID: PMC55521 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.171325498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2001] [Accepted: 06/27/2001] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Deacetylation of the N-terminal tails of core histones plays a crucial role in gene silencing. Rpd3 and Hda1 represent two major types of genes encoding trichostatin A-sensitive histone deacetylases. Although they have been widely found, their cellular and developmental roles remain to be elucidated in metazoa. We show that Drosophila Hdac1, an Rpd3-type gene, interacts cooperatively with Polycomb group repressors in silencing the homeotic genes that are essential for axial patterning of body segments. The biochemical copurification and cytological colocalization of HDAC1 and Polycomb group repressors strongly suggest that HDAC1 is a component of the silencing complex for chromatin modification on specific regulatory regions of homeotic genes.
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Tao Q, Chang YL, Wang J, Chen H, Islam-Faridi MN, Scheuring C, Wang B, Stelly DM, Zhang HB. Bacterial artificial chromosome-based physical map of the rice genome constructed by restriction fingerprint analysis. Genetics 2001; 158:1711-24. [PMID: 11514457 PMCID: PMC1461754 DOI: 10.1093/genetics/158.4.1711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide physical mapping with bacteria-based large-insert clones (e.g., BACs, PACs, and PBCs) promises to revolutionize genomics of large, complex genomes. To accelerate rice and other grass species genome research, we developed a genome-wide BAC-based map of the rice genome. The map consists of 298 BAC contigs and covers 419 Mb of the 430-Mb rice genome. Subsequent analysis indicated that the contigs constituting the map are accurate and reliable. Particularly important to proficiency were (1) a high-resolution, high-throughput DNA sequencing gel-based electrophoretic method for BAC fingerprinting, (2) the use of several complementary large-insert BAC libraries, and (3) computer-aided contig assembly. It has been demonstrated that the fingerprinting method is not significantly influenced by repeated sequences, genome size, and genome complexity. Use of several complementary libraries developed with different restriction enzymes minimized the "gaps" in the physical map. In contrast to previous estimates, a clonal coverage of 6.0-8.0 genome equivalents seems to be sufficient for development of a genome-wide physical map of approximately 95% genome coverage. This study indicates that genome-wide BAC-based physical maps can be developed quickly and economically for a variety of plant and animal species by restriction fingerprint analysis via DNA sequencing gel-based electrophoresis.
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Chu SS, Chang YL, Lou PJ. Primary cutaneous adenoid cystic carcinoma with regional lymph node metastasis. J Laryngol Otol 2001; 115:673-5. [PMID: 11535157 DOI: 10.1258/0022215011908595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Primary cutaneous adenoid cystic carcinoma (PCACC) is a particularly rare variant of sweat gland carcinoma with characteristics of indolent and progressive course and high incidence of perineural invasion and local recurrence. However, regional lymph node metastasis in PCACC is exceedingly rare and its prognostic implication is unknown. Only two previous cases of recurrent scalp PCACC were reported to be associated with cervical lymph node metastases at 42 months and 20 years, respectively, after the initial treatment. We present a case of PCACC occurring in the left parotid region with regional neck lymph node metastasis in a 64-year-old man. Because the occurrence of lymph node metastasis seems to be associated with recurrent PCACC, we suggest that neck dissection may be included in the treatment for recurrent PCACC patients.
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Chen JJ, Chang YL, Teng CM, Lin WY, Chen YC, Chen IS. A new tetrahydroprotoberberine N-oxide alkaloid and anti-platelet aggregation constituents of Corydalis tashiroi. PLANTA MEDICA 2001; 67:423-427. [PMID: 11488455 DOI: 10.1055/s-2001-15820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A new tetrahydroprotoberberine N-oxide alkaloid, (-)-cis-isocorypalmine N-oxide (1), together with two known compounds, 6-methoxydihydrosanguinarine (2) and norjuziphine (3), were isolated in continuing studies of the entire Formosan Corydalis tashiroi plant. The structures of these three compounds were determined through spectral analyses. In addition, compounds 1, 2, 3 and the seven alkaloids previously reported: (-)-cis-corydalmine N-oxide, (-)-trans-corydalmine N-oxide, (-)-trans-isocorypalmine N-oxide, scoulerine, protopine, oxysanguinarine and corydalmine, were found to possess antiplatelet aggregation activity.
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Chang YL, Chou MH, Lin MF, Chen CF, Tsai TH. Effect of cyclosporine, a P-glycoprotein inhibitor, on the pharmacokinetics of cefepime in rat blood and brain: a microdialysis study. Life Sci 2001; 69:191-9. [PMID: 11441909 DOI: 10.1016/s0024-3205(01)01103-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In clinical application, cefepime and cyclosporine are regularly combined in the treatment of organ transplant patients, so the interaction of these two drugs can be hypothesized. Therefore, the pharmacokinetics of cefepime alone and in combination with cyclosporine in rat using microdialysis coupled with HPLC-UV on-line system was evaluated in the study. Cefepime at three doses (20, 50, and 100 mg/kg) showed linear kinetics. After addition of cyclosporine, the mean residence time was increased from 34.9 min to 48.6 min (p<0.05, n=6), and the area under the concentration versus time curve (AUC) increased from 4775 min microg/ml to 6960 min microg/ml (p<0.01, n=6). While in the brain, AUC increased from 64.3 min microg/ml to 110.2 min microg/ml. In summary, cyclosporine (20 mg/kg) could significantly alter the simultaneously administered cefepime (50 mg/kg) unbound drug pharmacokinetic parameters in both blood and brain.
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Huang YC, Guh JH, Cheng ZJ, Chang YL, Hwang TL, Liao CH, Tzeng CC, Teng CM. Inhibition of the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 in macrophages by 7HQ derivatives: involvement of IkappaB-alpha stabilization. Eur J Pharmacol 2001; 418:133-9. [PMID: 11334875 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-2999(01)00922-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide is an important biological mediator associated with multiple pathophysiological phenomena, such as platelet aggregation, vasodilation, septic shock, and autoimmune diseases. Prostaglandins, derived from cyclooxygenases, play prominent roles in homeostasis and inflammation. In this study, we characterized the effects of 7HQ derivatives (7-[(4-methylene-5-oxo-2-R-2-tetrahydrofuranyl) methoxy]-3,4-dihydrocarbostyril, where R is methyl, phenyl, p-fluorophenyl and p-phenylphenyl; 7HQ-1,-2,-3 and-4, respectively) in murine RAW 264.7 cells, a macrophage-like cell line. Lipopolysaccharide, the active component of endotoxin, significantly induced the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2, leading to the accumulation of nitrite and prostaglandin E(2), respectively. These actions of lipopolysaccharide were inhibited by 7HQ derivatives; additionally, the inhibition of the expression, rather than the activity, of inducible nitric oxide synthase correlated well with that of nitric oxide formation. Western blotting and electrophoretic mobility shift assay results demonstrated that the 7HQ derivatives could effectively inhibit IkappaB-alpha degradation and nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) translocation. At higher concentrations, 7HQ derivatives also inhibited cyclooxygenase-2 enzyme activity. These results suggest that 7HQ derivatives exhibit inhibitory effects on lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide production and expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 through inhibition of IkappaB-alpha degradation and NF-kappaB activation.
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Huang YC, Guh JH, Cheng ZJ, Chang YL, Hwang TL, Lin CN, Teng CM. Inhibitory effect of DCDC on lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide synthesis in RAW 264.7 cells. Life Sci 2001; 68:2435-47. [PMID: 11350014 DOI: 10.1016/s0024-3205(01)01035-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
In the present study we have examined the effect of DCDC (2',5'-dihydroxy-4-chloro-dihydrochalcone) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced responses in murine macrophage cell line RAW 264.7. Exposure of LPS-stimulated cells to DCDC inhibited the nitrite accumulation in culture medium. DCDC also concentration-dependently inhibited LPS-stimulated increase of iNOS expression; however, it had little effect on iNOS enzyme activity, suggesting that the inhibitory action to DCDC is mainly due to the inhibition on iNOS expression rather than iNOS enzyme activity. DCDC significantly inhibited LPS-evoked degradation of IkappaB-alpha and the nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB; it also exhibited the activity of scavenging the stable free radical 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). DCDC also inhibited cyclooxygenase-2 activity in RAW 264.7 cells with an IC50 of 3.0 microM; furthermore, it also significantly decreased LPS-induced mortality rate in mice. Taken together, we demonstrate that DCDC exhibits inhibitory effects on nitric oxide production through the inhibition of IkappaB-alpha degradation and NF-kappaB activation, and therefore the suppression of iNOS expression. DCDC also shows the antioxidant activity and COX-2 inhibitory action. Moreover, it improves survival in a murine model of endotoxaemia suggesting that DCDC may be potential in the therapy of septic shock.
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Chang YL, Chou MH, Lin MF, Chen CF, Tsai TH. Determination and pharmacokinetic study of unbound cefepime in rat bile by liquid chromatography with on-line microdialysis. J Chromatogr A 2001; 914:77-82. [PMID: 11358234 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(00)01207-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Biliary excretion and intestinal reabsorption in enterohepatic circulation play major dispositional roles for some drugs. To investigate biliary excretion of drug, we inserted a microdialysis probe into the bile common duct of rat between the liver and the duodenum. In order to avoid the obstruction of bile fluid or bile salt waste, a shunt linear microdialysis probe was used for simultaneous and continuous sampling following intravenous administration of cefepime (50 mg/kg, i.v.). Separation and quantitation of cefepime in the dialysates were achieved using a LiChrosorb RP-18 column (Merck; 250x4.6 mm I.D., particle size 5 microm) maintained at ambient temperature. Samples were eluted with a mobile phase containing 100 mM monosodium phosphoric acid (pH 3.0)-methanol (87:13, v/v). The UV detector wavelength was set at 270 nm. The result indicates that the elimination half-life of cefepime in bile was 64.01+/-9.32 min. This study also served as an example for the microdialysis application in the biliary excretion study of drug.
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Chen JS, Chang YL, Cheng HL, Chang YC, Lee YC. Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery for the diagnosis of patients with hilar and mediastinal lymphadenopathy. J Formos Med Assoc 2001; 100:213-6. [PMID: 11393119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023] Open
Abstract
In areas where tuberculosis (TB) is rare, cases of hilar and mediastinal lymphadenopathy are often attributed to the diagnosis of sarcoidosis or a malignant process. However, these manifestations have been only sparsely reported in countries with high rates of TB. The role of simultaneous lung biopsy in the differential diagnosis of these patients using a thoracoscopic approach is also undetermined. In this prospective study, 15 adult patients with hilar and mediastinal lymphadenopathy were evaluated using video-assisted thoracoscopy during the period from May 1995 through September 1999. Biopsy of the hilar and mediastinal lymph nodes was undertaken in all 15 patients, and a wedge biopsy of the lungs was performed whenever frozen section of the nodes disclosed granulomatous inflammation. The final diagnoses included sarcoidosis (10 patients), TB (2), metastatic small cell carcinoma (2), and reactive lymphoid hyperplasia (1). No morbidity or mortality was associated with the operation. In patients with sarcoidosis and TB, most of the lymph node biopsy specimens disclosed extensive hyaline fibrosis. Lung biopsy specimens presented small non-necrotizing granulomas with multinucleated giant cells even in the absence of demonstrable parenchymal lesions. In the two patients with TB, identification of acid-fast bacilli and growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis occurred only in lung specimens and not in specimens from lymph nodes. Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery is a safe, simple, and effective procedure for the diagnosis of patients with hilar and mediastinal lymphadenopathy. Our results suggest that for a better differentiation between TB and sarcoidosis, an additional lung biopsy could be undertaken to provide specimens for microscopic examination and culture.
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Liao WY, Chen MZ, Chang YL, Wu HD, Yu CJ, Kuo PH, Yang PC. US-guided transthoracic cutting biopsy for peripheral thoracic lesions less than 3 cm in diameter. Radiology 2000; 217:685-91. [PMID: 11110929 DOI: 10.1148/radiology.217.3.r00dc21685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the safety and accuracy of ultrasonography (US)-guided transthoracic cutting biopsy for diagnosing peripheral thoracic lesions (<3 cm). MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty consecutive patients with peripheral thoracic lesions less than 3 cm in diameter underwent US-guided percutaneous transthoracic cutting biopsy with a modified technique. Fifty lesions (43 parenchymal lung, two pleural, two chest wall, and three anterior mediastinal lesions) were sampled for biopsy. The final diagnosis was based on histopathologic analysis of surgical specimens (n = 18) or clinical follow-up (n = 32). RESULTS The histology recovery rate was 98% (49 lesions), and the correct diagnosis was obtained in 48 lesions (96%). Twenty-four (48%) lesions were malignant, and 26 (52%) were benign. The diagnostic accuracy for malignant lesions was 92% (22 of 24 lesions). A specific benign diagnosis was made in 17 (65%) of the 26 benign lesions, and the negative predictive value for malignancy was 93% (26 of 28 lesions). Only two patients (4%) developed postbiopsy pneumothorax, and three (6%) developed postbiopsy hemoptysis. Biopsy helped prevent surgery or thoracoscopy in 32 patients (64%): 18 patients with benign disease and 14 with multiple metastases or inoperable cancer. CONCLUSION US-guided transthoracic cutting biopsy appears to be a safe and effective method for diagnosing peripheral thoracic lesions less than 3 cm in diameter. The high diagnostic accuracy for benign lesions and metastatic lung cancer can help prevent surgery in many cases.
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Chang YL, Chen JS, Wu HD, Lee YC. Retransplantation of contralateral lung in a patient with Sauropus androgynus-induced bronchobronchiolitis obliterans. Transplant Proc 2000; 32:2432-4. [PMID: 11120231 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-1345(00)01730-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Chang YL, Stanford CM, Keller JC. Calcium and phosphate supplementation promotes bone cell mineralization: implications for hydroxyapatite (HA)-enhanced bone formation. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH 2000; 52:270-8. [PMID: 10951365 DOI: 10.1002/1097-4636(200011)52:2<270::aid-jbm5>3.0.co;2-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Organic phosphate, in particular beta-glycerophosphate (beta-GP), has been used to induce mineralization in cell culture systems. It serves as a source of inorganic phosphate when hydrolyzed by alkaline phosphatase. This study examined the effect of supplemental calcium and phosphate as well as the influence of various metabolic inhibitors on mineralization in a rat osteoblast-like cell-culture system. Mineralization was induced by supplementation of 1.8 mM of Ca(+2) and 5 mM of beta-GP or Pi. Mineral deposits associated with in vitro mineralization were revealed under SEM and TEM. Levamisole (10-100 microM) inhibited alkaline phosphatase activity and effectively reduced mineral formation. Actinomycin (500 ng/mL) and cycloheximide (50 microg/mL) also reduced mineral depositions by blocking RNA synthesis and protein synthesis, respectively. Levamisole and beta-GP did not appear to influence DNA synthesis. Spontaneous precipitation of calcium phosphate mineral was not detected in the culture medium with calcium and phosphate supplements in the absence of cell culture. The findings suggest that an elevated concentration of calcium and phosphate is crucial for in vitro mineralization. Furthermore, the mineralization process is associated with biologic events rather than with a spontaneous precipitation of calcium phosphate mineral. In view of the degradation potential of hydroxyapatite (HA)-coated implants, these results may be a viable indication that HA enhances bone formation through a similar mechanism.
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Lee YC, Wu CT, Chen CS, Chang YL. E-cadherin expression in surgically-resected non-small cell lung cancers--a clinicopathological study. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2000; 48:294-9. [PMID: 11100763 DOI: 10.1055/s-2000-7885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND E-Cadherin is a subclass of the cadherin family that plays a major role in the maintenance of intercellular junctions in normal epithelium. Decreased expression of E-cadherin might be closely related to invasiveness and dedifferentiation in human cancers. This study is aimed at investigating the clinicopathological significance of E-cadherin expression and its impact on the prognosis in surgically resected non-small-cell lung cancer patients. METHODS Using immunohistochemical staining, the expression of E-cadherin was studied in 207 surgically resected lung cancer specimens from January 1990 through December 1994. The clinicopathological data and survival status were recorded and analysed against the E-cadherin expression level in each tumor. RESULTS E-cadherin expression was detected in 122 of the 207 lung tumors (59.0%), and the expression was significantly lower in tumors with poor differentiation (p < 0.001), in tumors with vascular invasion (p < 0.05), and in tumors with direct invasion into surrounding structures (p < 0.01). There was no correlation between E-cadherin expression, and tumor stage and regional lymph-node metastasis. There was no significant difference in survival rate between higher (> 40%) and lower (< 40%) E-cadherin expression groups; however, in tumors 3 cm or less, a significant difference was found between higher and lower E-cadherin expressions (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Underexpression of E-cadherin is associated with poor differentiation and invasiveness in NSCLC. In patients with small NSCLC (< or = 3 cm), higher E-cadherin expression (> 40%) significantly had a favorable prognosis.
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Chang YL, Chou MH, Lin MF, Chen YF, Chen CF, Cheng FC, Tsai TH. Simultaneous determination of unbound cefoperazone in rat blood and brain using microdialysis. J Pharm Pharmacol 2000; 52:963-8. [PMID: 11007067 DOI: 10.1211/0022357001774859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
A sensitive microbore HPLC method was developed for the simultaneous determination of unbound cefoperazone in rat blood and brain using microdialysis. Two microdialysis probes were inserted into the jugular vein/right atrium and brain striatum of Sprague-Dawley rats. Cefoperazone (50 mgkg(-1), i.v.) was then administered via the femoral vein. Blood and brain dialysates were collected and eluted with a mobile phase containing methanol-100 mM monosodium phosphoric acid (30:70, v/v, pH 5.5). The wavelength of the UV detector was set at 254 nm. The detection limit of cefoperazone was 20 ng mL(-1). Isocratic separation of cefoperazone was achieved within 10 min. The intra- and inter-assay accuracy and precision of the analyses were < or =10% in the range of 0.05-10 microg mL(-1). The ratio of the area under the concentration curve of cefoperazone in rat brain and blood was estimated to be about 7-8%. It is concluded that cefoperazone is capable of penetrating the blood-brain barrier.
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Abstract
The incidence of nasopharyngeal actinomycosis is exceedingly rare. To our knowledge, only 1 case has been reported previously. This article presents 4 cases of actinomycosis involving the nasopharynx that imitated nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Acidic gas exposure and farming of aquatic products are possibly involved in the pathogenesis of nasopharyngeal actinomycosis. Patients in the case studies completely recovered after 4 weeks of oral antibiotic treatment. We recommend including actinomycosis in the differential diagnosis of nasopharyngeal neoplasms.
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Chang YL, Chen YF, Chen CF, Tsai TH. Determination of unbound cephalothin in rat blood by on-line microdialysis and microbore liquid chromatography. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY. B, BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS 2000; 742:125-30. [PMID: 10892591 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4347(00)00148-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A method of analysis for the determination of unbound cephalothin in rat blood has been developed. The method was fully automated using an on-line microdialysis procedure. A microdialysis probe was inserted into the jugular vein/right atrium of male Sprague-Dawley rats to examine the unbound cephalothin level in the rat blood after cephalothin administration (50 mg/kg, i.v.). Dialysates were directly input to a liquid chromatographic system using an on-line injector. Samples were eluted with a mobile phase containing methanol-acetonitrile-100 mM monosodium phosphate (pH 5.0) (20:20:60, v/v). The UV wavelength was set at 254 nm for monitoring the analyte. Using the retrograde method, at infusion concentrations of 1 and 5 microg/ml of cephalothin, the in vivo microdialysis recoveries were 48.4+/-4.5% and 52.9+/-4.7% for the rat blood (n=6). Intra- and inter-assay accuracy and precision of the analyses were < or = 10% in the range of 0.01 through 10 microg/ml. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated from the recovery corrected dialysate concentrations of cephalothin versus time data. The results suggest that the pharmacokinetics of unbound cephalothin in blood fitted best to the two-compartmental model following cephalothin administration (50 mg/kg, i.v.).
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Tsai TH, Hung LC, Chang YL, Shum AY, Chen CF. Simultaneous blood and brain sampling of cephalexin in the rat by microdialysis and microbore liquid chromatography: application to pharmacokinetics studies. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY. B, BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS 2000; 740:203-9. [PMID: 10821406 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4347(00)00078-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
To circumvent the need for laborious sample clean-up and multiple blood sampling, a system was developed consisting of on-line microdialysis coupled to microbore liquid chromatography and ultraviolet detection. The system was designed for the simultaneous and continuous monitoring of unbound blood and brain cephalexin in the rat following single bolus intravenous administrations (10 mg/kg, n = 6). Microdialysis probes were inserted into the jugular vein and brain striatum, respectively, for blood and brain sampling. Chromatographic conditions consisted of a mobile phase of methanol-100 mM monosodium phosphoric acid (20:80, v/v, pH 5.0) pumped through a microbore reversed-phase column at a flow-rate of 0.05 ml/min. Detection wavelength was set at 260 nm. The method was validated for response linearity as well as intra- and inter-day variabilities. Rapid appearance of cephalexin in the striatal dialysate suggested good blood-brain barrier penetration. This study provided pharmacokinetics information for cephalexin as well as demonstrated the applicability of this continuous sampling method for pharmacokinetics studies.
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Chen JJ, Chang YL, Teng CM, Chen IS. Anti-platelet aggregation alkaloids and lignans from Hernandia nymphaeifolia. PLANTA MEDICA 2000; 66:251-256. [PMID: 10821052 DOI: 10.1055/s-2000-8562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A new aporphine, N-(N-methylcarbamoyl)-O-methyl-bulbocapnine (1), together with seven known compounds, (-)-5'-methoxypodorhizol (2), a mixture of beta-sitosterone (3) and stigmasta-4,22-dien-3-one (4), a mixture of 3 beta-hydroxystigmast-5-en-7-one (5) and 3 beta-hydroxystigmasta-5,22-dien-7-one (6), and a mixture of 6 alpha-hydroxystigmast-4-en-3-one (7) and 6 alpha-hydroxystigmasta-4,22-dien-3-one (8), were isolated in continuing studies on the trunk bark of Formosan Hernandia nymphaeifolia. The structures of these compounds were determined through spectral analyses. In addition, the previously reported six alkaloids, laurotetanine, oxohernagine, thalicarpine, reticuline, (+)-vateamine-2'-beta-N-oxide, (+)-hernandaline and six lignans, (+)-epiaschantin, (+)-epimagnolin, (+)-epiyangambin, (-)-hernone, (-)-yatein, (-)-deoxypodophyllotoxin were demonstrated to have anti-platelet aggregation activity.
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Wang JY, Chen KY, Chang YC, Chang YL, Lee LN. Swyer-James syndrome complicated by lung abscess. J Formos Med Assoc 2000; 99:252-6. [PMID: 10820960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Swyer-James syndrome, a rare disease with unilateral hyperlucent lung due to bronchiolitis obliterans and pulmonary artery hypoplasia, generally develops after lower respiratory tract infection during early childhood. Invasive procedures, including bronchoscopy and angiography, are often necessary for a definitive diagnosis. We report a 17-year-old man admitted because of cystic bronchiectasis complicated by lung abscess. Chest roentgenography showed the typical findings of Swyer-James syndrome. Noninvasive magnetic resonance angiography was used to confirm hypoplasia of the right pulmonary artery. The patient received antibiotic therapy, underwent a right lower lobectomy for the lung abscess, and recovered.
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Fang CT, Hung CC, Chang SC, Hsueh PR, Chang YL, Chen MY, Luh KT. Pulmonary infection in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients in Taiwan. J Formos Med Assoc 2000; 99:123-7. [PMID: 10770026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary infection is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients. METHODS We conducted a retrospective analysis of the pathogens causing pulmonary infection in 272 HIV-infected patients admitted to a university hospital from January 1993 through December 1998. RESULTS A total of 158 (58%) patients had pulmonary complications, all but two of whom had acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). There were 156 episodes of pulmonary infection, involving 124 patients. The most common pulmonary infection was Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP): 66 patients had 77 episodes of PCP, all of which occurred in patients with CD4+ lymphocyte counts below 0.2 x 10(9)/L (200/microL). Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB), diagnosed in 47 patients, was the second most common pulmonary infection. Twenty TB patients had open TB. HIV-infected patients who were immigrants from Southeast Asia (9/23, 39%) had a higher risk of developing pulmonary TB than nonimmigrants (38/249, 15%) (p = 0.004). Only one of 17 episodes of community-acquired bacterial pneumonia was caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae. Less common opportunistic pulmonary pathogens included cytomegalovirus (5 cases), Aspergillus species (3), Cryptococcus neoformans (3), Mycobacterium avium complex (2), Penicillium marneffei (1), Nocardia species (1), and Rhodococcus equi (1). CONCLUSIONS PCP and pulmonary TB are the two leading pulmonary infections in Taiwanese HIV/AIDS patients. These findings should be taken into consideration when developing management strategies and public health policies.
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Chen KS, Chang YL, Teng CM, Chen CF, Wu YC. Furoquinolines with antiplatelet aggregation activity from leaves of Melicope confusa. PLANTA MEDICA 2000; 66:80-1. [PMID: 10705744 DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1243116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Using antiplatelet aggregation as a guide for fractionation, four furoquinoline-type alkaloids, confusameline (1), skimmianine (2), kokusaginine (3), and O-methylconfusameline (4), were isolated from the leaves of Melicope confusa. All compounds showed significant antiplatelet aggregation activity.
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Ueng YF, Chang YL, Oda Y, Park SS, Liao JF, Lin MF, Chen CF. In vitro and in vivo effects of naringin on cytochrome P450-dependent monooxygenase in mouse liver. Life Sci 2000; 65:2591-602. [PMID: 10619367 DOI: 10.1016/s0024-3205(99)00528-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In vitro and in vivo effects of naringin on microsomal monooxygenase were studied to evaluate the drug interaction of this flavonoid. In vitro addition of naringin up to 500 microM had no effects on benzo(a)pyrene hydroxylase (AHH) activity of mouse liver microsomes. In contrast, the aglycone naringenin at 300 to 500 microM decreased AHH activity by 50% to 60%. Analysis of Lineweaver-Burk and Dixon plots indicated that naringenin competitively inhibited AHH activity with an estimated Ki of 39 microM. Naringenin at 100 microM also reduced metabolic activation of benzo(a)pyrene to genotoxic products as monitored by umuC gene expression response in Salmonella typhimurium TA1535/pSK1002. In the presence of equimolar naringenin and benzo(a)pyrene, umuC gene expression presented as beta-galactosidase activity was reduced to a level similar to the control value. Administration of a liquid diet containing 10 mg/ml naringin for 7 days caused 38% and 49% decreases of AHH and 7-methoxyresorufin O-demethylase activities, respectively. In contrast, the administration had no effects on cytochrome P450 (P450)-catalyzed oxidations of 7-ethoxyresorufin, 7-ethoxycoumarin, N-nitrosodimethylamine, nifedipine, erythromycin and testosterone. Microsomal P450 and cytochrome b5 contents and NADPH-P450 reductase activity were not affected. Immunoblot analysis using MAb 1-7-1, which immunoreacted with both P450 1A1 and 1A2, revealed that the level of P450 1A2 protein was decreased by 38%. These results demonstrate that naringenin is a potent inhibitor of AHH activity in vitro and naringin reduces the P450 1A2 protein level in vivo. These effects may indicate a chemopreventive role of naringin against protoxicants activated by P450 1A2.
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Abstract
Extraskeletal Ewing's sarcoma/primitive neuroectodermal tumour (EES/PNET) is a rare disease entity. Scalp EES/PNET has been reported rarely. We report a case of an 11-year-old boy who had painful and rapidly growing subcutaneous nodes over the scalp and neck. The final diagnosis was EES/PNET after biopsy and immunohistochemical assay. The patient underwent surgical excision, chemotherapy and radiotherapy with a dose of 2000 cGy. Now he has been free of disease for two years. Early awareness and treatment of this rare disease, and wide resection followed by chemotherapy and radiotherapy might improve patients' long-term survival.
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Chia YC, Chen KS, Chang YL, Teng CM, Wu YC. Antiplatelet actions of aporphinoids from Formosan plants. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 1999; 9:3295-300. [PMID: 10612588 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(99)00593-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Seventeen aporphines were tested for antiplatelet activity. L-(+)-hemovine HCl and 7-hydroxydehydrothalicsimidine strongly inhibited platelet aggregation induced by adenosine 5'-diphosphate (ADP), arachidonic acid (AA), collagen, and platelet-activating factor (PAF). The latter showed the strongest antiplatelet activity with an IC50 of 70.4 microM against AA-induced platelet aggregation.
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Sheen TS, Huang YT, Chang YL, Ko JY, Wu CS, Yu YC, Tsai CH, Hsu MM. Epstein-Barr virus-encoded latent membrane protein 1 co-expresses with epidermal growth factor receptor in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Jpn J Cancer Res 1999; 90:1285-92. [PMID: 10665644 PMCID: PMC5926033 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.1999.tb00710.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Latent membrane protein 1 (LMP-1) is the only Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-encoded oncogenic protein that has been detected in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), a cancer that is closely associated with EBV. Previous in-vitro studies have demonstrated that LMP-1 can upregulate epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in epithelial cells. It was not established whether this cellular effect exists in NPC. To assess the association between LMP-1 and EGFR in NPC tissues, 60 NPC specimens were examined by immunohistochemistry using anti-LMP-1 antibody (CS 1-4) and anti-EGFR antibodies (EGFR 1, EGFR 1005). The results revealed that 41 (68.3%) specimens were immunopositive for LMP-1 and 44 (73.3%) specimens over-expressed EGFR. Morphologically, the expressions of LMP-1 and EGFR were homogeneously distributed in the tumor nests. In addition, the correlation between LMP-1 and EGFR was statistically significant (P<0.001, chi2 test, d.f. = 1). To elucidate further the correlation between LMP-1 and EGFR in vivo and in situ, an indirect dual immunofluorescence assay was conducted, using secondary antibodies conjugated with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) or indocarbocyanine (Cy3). The results disclosed an intimate co-expression of LMP-1 and EGFR. In summary, the data indicate that over-expression of EGFR is a common phenomenon in NPC, and that EGFR is co-expressed with LMP-1 in NPC. Thus, EBV may play a role in the tumorigenesis of NPC through the effects of LMP-1 and EGFR.
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Luh SP, Lee YC, Chang YL, Wu HD, Kuo SH, Chu SH. Lung transplantation for patients with end-stage Sauropus androgynus-induced bronchiolitis obliterans (SABO) syndrome. Clin Transplant 1999; 13:496-503. [PMID: 10617240 DOI: 10.1034/j.1399-0012.1999.130610.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Sauropus androgymus (SA), a vegetable of the Euphorbiaceae family, is a common food source in Malaysia. In Taiwan, over 30 patients have developed progressive respiratory failure after consuming the extract from raw SA leaves as a means of losing weight. Symptoms consistent with a severe obstructive ventilatory defect progressed, despite cessation of SA intake and treatment with bronchodilators, corticosteroids, cytotoxic agents and plasmaphresis. Five patients with end-stage Sauropus androgynus-induced bronchiolitis obliterans (SABO) syndrome underwent lung transplantation. There was no early mortality. One patient died of post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder and another patient died of bronchial stenosis with infection, 5 and 3.5 months, respectively, post-transplantation. The remaining 3 patients have been followed from 29 to 34 months, with improved general condition and pulmonary function. Perfusion/ventilation scans revealed that these improvements were exclusively attributed to the functional grafts. We believe that lung transplantation is the only effective modality of treatment for patients with end-stage SABO syndrome.
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Ku SC, Yu CJ, Chang YL, Yang PC. Disseminated cytomegalovirus disease in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus not undergoing immunosuppressive therapy. J Formos Med Assoc 1999; 98:855-8. [PMID: 10634027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
We describe a case of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in a 25-year-old woman with a 3-year history of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with persistently high disease activity, who had not received immunosuppressive therapy. Disseminated CMV infection presented with upper gastrointestinal bleeding, high fever, respiratory distress, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia. The CMV infection was successfully treated with combined antiviral and immunoglobulin therapy, and the SLE activity decreased concomitantly. CMV disease is closely related to host immunosuppression, primarily T-lymphocyte dysfunction. This case should highlight the relationship between clinically significant CMV disease and compromised immunity in patients with active SLE who are not receiving immunosuppressive therapy.
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Chen CC, Huang LM, Chang YL, King CC, Lin KH. Acute respiratory distress syndrome due to tuberculosis in a child after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. J Formos Med Assoc 1999; 98:701-4. [PMID: 10575842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023] Open
Abstract
We report the occurrence of tuberculosis in a 10-year-old Taiwanese boy, approximately 4 months after he received a matched-related bone marrow transplantation from his sister for acute T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia. After transplantation, grade III acute graft-versus-host disease developed and the patient was treated with prednisolone and cyclosporine. Marrow failure was noted on day 77 post-transplantation, however, after an episode of herpes zoster infection. Interstitial pneumonia, diagnosed on the basis of chest x-ray and computed tomography findings, occurred on day 120. Histologic examination of an open-lung biopsy specimen showed caseating granulomas and a few acid-fast bacilli. The patient died of acute respiratory distress syndrome, despite immediate implementation of antituberculosis therapy. Sputum cultures grew Mycobacterium tuberculosis 5 weeks later. This report demonstrates that the possibility of tuberculosis needs to be considered in immunocompromised patients, and that appropriate prophylaxis should be instituted in areas where tuberculosis is endemic.
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Chang YL, Lew D, Park JB, Keller JC. Biomechanical and morphometric analysis of hydroxyapatite-coated implants with varying crystallinity. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1999; 57:1096-108; discussion 1108-9. [PMID: 10484111 DOI: 10.1016/s0278-2391(99)90333-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The level of crystallinity in hydroxyapatite (HA) is thought to be responsible for its degradation in the physiologic milieu. The purpose of this study was to compare the in vivo bony response to HA coatings of varying levels of crystallinity and determine the optimum composition for promoting osseointegration. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cylindrical implants of sand-blasted CP titanium and HA-coated titanium of 50% (low), 70% (medium), and 90% (high) crystallinity were inserted into the canine femur for 1, 4, 12, and 26 weeks. Morphometric analysis of undecalcified sections determined the percentage of bone contact with the implant surface. A pullout test was used to measure the interfacial attachment strength of the bone-implant interface. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) examination of the implant surface aided in identifying the failure mode. Coating thickness was measured under light microscopy to determine whether degradation occurred. RESULTS No significant differences could be found in the percentage of bone contact and interfacial attachment strength between the three types of HA-coated implants throughout the four implantation periods. A significantly higher percentage of bone contact on HA-coated implants than on uncoated titanium implants was noted at 4 weeks. (ANOVA, P<.05). HA-coated implants were also found to have significantly higher interfacial attachment strength than titanium implants at 4, 12, and 26 weeks. Coating thickness decreased gradually with time. The most noticeable reduction was found on the low-crystallinity coatings during the first 4 weeks. Failure of the bone-coating-implant complex occurred mostly within the coating or near the coating-implant interface. CONCLUSIONS HA coatings on metal implants enhance osseointegration in the early stage of bone healing and provide strong bone-bonding capability, although titanium implants had about the same level of bone contact in the later stage of healing. Crystallinity of HA coatings has no significant influence over the bone formation capacity and the bone bonding strength. However, an HA coating of higher crystallinity is more desirable in providing durability and maintaining osteoconductive properties.
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Chang YL, Yang CC, Deng JF, Ger J, Tsai WJ, Wu ML, Liaw HC, Liaw SJ. Diverse manifestations of oral methylene chloride poisoning: report of 6 cases. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY. CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY 1999; 37:497-504. [PMID: 10465248 DOI: 10.1081/clt-100102442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Methylene chloride is a solvent used in domestic and industrial preparations, such as paint removers and degreasing agents. Although it is considered of low toxicity, acute toxic manifestations have been reported following inhalation of methylene chloride, mainly from working in an enclosed environment. Oral ingestion of methylene chloride, however, remains rare and its consequences are less clearly understood. CASE REPORTS The various clinical manifestations of 6 patients with oral ingestion of methylene chloride are reported. Central nervous system depression, tachypnea, and corrosive gastrointestinal injury were the most common presentations following ingestion. An elevated carboxyhemoglobin level was documented in only 2 patients (35% and 8.4% carboxyhemoglobin, respectively). Due to a frequent misleading history of "chloroform" ingestion and unawareness of probable carboxyhemoglobin production in these patients, carboxyhemoglobin was not routinely measured. Renal failure, hepatic failure, and acute pancreatitis occurred in the 2 most severe cases of methylene chloride ingestion. CONCLUSIONS Ingestion of methylene chloride can result in diverse manifestations, including a high carboxyhemoglobin level. Corrosive gastrointestinal injury is common in oral poisoning and needs further therapeutic consideration. A high index of suspicion and appropriate laboratory studies are needed in those patients who allegedly ingest "chloroform" but do not present the incriminating solvent to their treating physicians. The presence of an elevated carboxyhemoglobin level suggests the diagnosis of methylene chloride poisoning. Symptomatic and supportive measures remain the mainstay in the treatment of patients with oral methylene chloride poisoning.
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Lee YC, Chang YL, Luh SP, Lee JM, Chen JS. Significance of P53 and Rb protein expression in surgically treated non-small cell lung cancers. Ann Thorac Surg 1999; 68:343-7; discussion 348. [PMID: 10475393 DOI: 10.1016/s0003-4975(99)00618-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alterations of the P53 or Rb gene are among the most frequently observed genetic changes in primary lung cancer. Nevertheless, there has been no final conclusion on the relationship between P53 or Rb protein expression and clinico-pathological parameters in primary lung cancer. A large-scale study was performed to examine the clinicopathological and prognostic significance of P53 and Rb expressions in 207 surgically resected non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. METHODS Tumor specimens were obtained from 207 primary NSCLC surgically resected from January 1990 through December 1994. The avidin-biotin-peroxidase method was used to determine the expression of P53 or Rb of tumor cells using anti-P53 or anti-Rb monoclonal antibodies. The relationships between P53 or Rb protein expression and the clinicopathological parameters were analyzed. RESULTS Expression of P53 or Rb protein was detected in 115 (55.6%) and 136 (65.7%) of the 207 lung tumors, respectively. P53 had significantly higher positive results in patients with regional lymph node metastasis and advanced tumor stage. Rb expression was significantly lower in lung cancers with a macro- or microscopic picture of tumor necrosis. Additionally, an inverse correlation between the expression of Rb and P53 was found. By multiple variate analysis, P53 expression and pathological stage were independent, significant prognostic factors. Further analysis demonstrated P53 expression was an independent prognostic factor in stage 1, but not in other stages. CONCLUSIONS P53 expression is especially useful as a prognostic factor in stage 1 lung cancer.
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Chen IS, Chen TL, Chang YL, Teng CM, Lin WY. Chemical constituents and biological activities of the fruit of Zanthoxylum integrifoliolum. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 1999; 62:833-837. [PMID: 10395498 DOI: 10.1021/np980471n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Through continuing studies on the chemical constituents and antiplatelet aggregation principles of the fruit of the Formosan Zanthoxylum integrifoliolum, four new compounds-including two new lignans, (+)-pinoresinol-di-3,3-dimethylallyl ether (1), and (+)-pinoresinol-3,3-dimethylallyl ether (2); zanthonitrile (3), and one new flavonoid, 3,5-diacetyltambulin (4)-and 18 known compounds were isolated from the CHCl3-soluble fraction. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectral data and chemical evidence. Among the isolates, including the previously reported isobutylamides, 13 compounds showed strong in vitro antiplatelet aggregation activity, with only (-)-tetrahydroberberine showing weak vasorelaxing effect in high potassium- or norepinephrine-induced contraction of rat aorta.
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Chang YL, Chang TC, Hsueh S, Huang KG, Wang PN, Liu HP, Soong YK. Prognostic factors and treatment for placental site trophoblastic tumor-report of 3 cases and analysis of 88 cases. Gynecol Oncol 1999; 73:216-22. [PMID: 10329037 DOI: 10.1006/gyno.1999.5344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In order to understand the prognostic factors of placental site trophoblastic tumors (PSTT), we performed a MEDLINE search for cases from 1976 through 1998 and report three cases. MATERIALS AND METHODS The patients' age at presentation, antecedent pregnancies, and responses to treatment were analyzed according to the extent of disease, disease status after treatment, and survival in 88 cases. RESULTS Patients with disease extending outside the uterus at presentation had a median latency of 24 months between the antecedent pregnancy and presentation of PSTT, which was significantly longer than that of 12 months in those with disease confined to the uterus. Patients with metastatic diseases were 3 years older than patients with diseases confined to the uterus and had a higher incidence of term delivery as their antecedent pregnancy. The outcomes of patients with FIGO stage I-II disease after hysterectomy were excellent, while those with FIGO stage III-IV diseases had a 30% survival. Although initial partial responses to chemotherapy were observed in some patients, only 5 patients achieved a complete remission and 3 of these 5 received a combination of etoposide, methotrexate, and actinomycin-D, alternating with cyclophosphamide and vincristine. CONCLUSION FIGO stage is the most important prognostic factor, and complete removal of all lesions provided good outcomes in PSTT patients. For those with unresectable tumors, combination chemotherapy showed a high response rate, but only a few achieved a complete response.
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Fang CT, Chang SC, Luh KT, Chang YL, Hsueh PR, Hsieh WC. Successful treatment of disseminated Mycobacterium szulgai infection with ciprofloxacin, rifampicin, and ethambutol. J Infect 1999; 38:195-7. [PMID: 10424803 DOI: 10.1016/s0163-4453(99)90252-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Abstract
Spinal cord tethering rarely occurs in the cervical region. In adults, it usually results from previous operations. However, congenital origin is always diagnosed and treated early in the infant period. We report a 12-year-old boy with cervical spinal dysraphism which was erroneously diagnosed as focal muscular atrophy, a benign form of motor neuron disease. The patient was brought to our hospital because of rapid deterioration of symptoms. Careful evaluation disclosed a hairy dimple at the nuchal area, which led to the correct diagnosis. X-ray of the cervical spine showed spina bifida from C(4) to C(6) levels and fusion of the laminae of C(4) and C(5). Spine MRI studies disclosed that the cervical cord was tethered caudally and dorsally, and the ventral nerve roots were markedly stretched, especially over the left side. Surgical intervention was undertaken and the patient's muscle power improved after untethering. The purpose of this report is to acquaint the reader with a surgically treatable condition that may appear to be benign focal amyotrophy. Skin lesion at the nuchal area should be carefully looked for.
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93
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Chang YL, Usami S, Hsieh MT, Jiang MJ. Effects of palmatine on isometric force and intracellular calcium levels of arterial smooth muscle. Life Sci 1999; 64:597-606. [PMID: 10069523 DOI: 10.1016/s0024-3205(98)00602-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The effects of palmatine on isometric force and intracellular free calcium levels ([Ca2+]i) were determined in isolated rat arterial strips. Palmatine dose-dependently relaxed the contractile responses stimulated by phenylephrine (PE) in aortic strips. In contrast, it only partially relaxed aortic strips contracted by 51 mM KCl. Pretreatment with palmatine shifted the dose-response curves of PE both rightwards and downwards in a dose-dependent manner. When Ca2+-free solution and re-addition of Ca2+ were applied to assess PE-induced phasic and tonic contractions, palmatine was found to be effective in inhibiting both contractions. The effects of palmatine on intracellular calcium levels were measured with the bioluminescent calcium indicator aequorin in rat tail artery strips. Palmatine caused a concomitant, dose-dependent decrease in PE-activated isometric force and [Ca2+]i, resulting in small changes in the [Ca2+]i-force relationship. These results suggest that vasodilatory effect of palmatine was mediated by reducing [Ca2+]i as well as affecting [Ca2+]i sensitivity of the contractile apparatus. Palmatine-induced [Ca2+]i decreases appeared to involve decreases in both Ca2+ release from intracellular stores and Ca2+ influx through calcium channels.
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94
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Yang AD, Chang YL, Chaou WT. A huge cystic hygroma of the neck associated with intraventricular haemorrhage in a term neonate. Acta Paediatr 1999; 88:344-6. [PMID: 10229051 DOI: 10.1080/08035259950170169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
We report on a female term neonate who presented with a huge cystic hygroma of the right neck associated with intraventricular haemorrhage as demonstrated by computerized tomography and magnetic resonance imaging studies. She underwent extraventricular drainage and excision of the neck mass with stable postoperative condition. Psychomotor retardation was found thereafter. To our knowledge, the association of a large cystic hygroma of the neck with intracranial haemorrhage has not been reported previously. The possible mechanism of the occurrence of the haemorrhage is discussed.
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95
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Chang YL, Stanford CM, Wefel JS, Keller JC. Osteoblastic cell attachment to hydroxyapatite-coated implant surfaces in vitro. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 1999; 14:239-47. [PMID: 10212541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydroxyapatite (HA) used as a coating for implants can exhibit varying levels of interaction with the biologic environment. The crystallinity of the HA-based coating has been shown to control the rate of dissolution and appears to play a role in the initial cellular interaction with the implant surfaces. An osteoblastic cell attachment assay was employed to examine the cell attachment to untreated and pretreated (pH 5.2, 24 hours) titanium and HA coatings of low (50%), medium (75%), and high (90%) crystallinity. A slightly higher percentage of cell attachment (%CA) was found on untreated and pretreated HA surfaces as compared to the titanium surface. No significant difference could be found in the %CA between the 3 levels of crystallinity. However, higher levels of %CA were observed on pretreated HA surfaces than on untreated HA surfaces (t test, P < .05). Elevated calcium and phosphate levels in culture medium did not have any effect on cell attachment. Scanning electron microscopic examinations revealed surface degradation of the HA coating following pretreatment in the simulated inflammatory media (pH 5.2, 24 hours). The results suggest that the altered surface topography may influence the initial cell attachment to HA surfaces.
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96
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Lee CT, Lin NH, Hsu WC, Chang YL, Chang SY. Local circulation and aerosol water-soluble ions--a case study in Taiwan during Mei-yu season. CHEMOSPHERE 1999; 38:425-443. [PMID: 10901665 DOI: 10.1016/s0045-6535(98)00182-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The Mei-yu (plum rain) season is a short but important period when the weather changes from spring to summer in Taiwan. In this study, size-segregated aerosols were collected alternately at 5 sampling sites in northwestern Taiwan from June 16 to 24, 1994. For the first time in Taiwan, this study revealed the aerosol mass spectra and water-soluble ions in the Mei-yu season. For all samples, a bi-modal aerosol mass spectra was found with modal diameters at 3.2 and 0.32 microm, respectively. The aerosol samples were able to be divided into different groups to show their mass and ion spectra according to the calculated 5-hr backward air trajectory. The utilization of enrichment factors showed that aerosol Cl-, Na+, and Mg2+ for all sizes, and super-micron SO4(2-) were related to the sea. Both the scheme of "chlorine loss" (Ohta and Okita, 1990) and a multivariate analysis (Thurston and Spengler, 1985) for categorizing water-soluble ions showed that sea-salts were major contributors in the prevalence of a sea breeze. In contrast, the secondary salts were significant for land breeze and a mix of land-sea breeze. In conclusion, the influence of local circulation on the distribution of aerosol mass and ionic species was found to be prominent.
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97
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Abstract
Fourteen cases (13 pleural and one intrapulmonary) of solitary fibrous tumors (SFTs) (the so-called fibrous mesothelioma) were studied. The lesions occurred more in females (nine cases) than males (five cases). The age of patients ranged from 44 to 73 years old (median 60 years). The tumors presented as cough with or without blood-tinged sputum, exertional dyspnea, chest pain, nausea, body weight loss, fever, or as asymptomatic masses detected by routine chest radiograph. Two patients with huge (tumor larger than 20 cm) malignant tumors had accompanying pleural effusion and one associated with hypoglycemia. Ten benign tumors measured 2-11 cm (median size 7 cm) while the remaining four histologically malignant ones measured 20-30 cm in size. All of them were well circumscribed and thinly encapsulated. Hemorrhage and necrosis were more frequently seen in the malignant tumors. Histologically, these lesions were characterized by 'patternless pattern' with occasional hemangiopericytic features (three cases). The tumor cells were all immunoreactive for vimentin, CD 34, and focally actin-positive in one case, but not for keratin, desmin, S-100 protein, carcinoembryonic antigen, alpha 1-ACT and F VIII-related antigen, supported a primitive mesenchymal origin. p53 protein was expressed in two of the malignant cases. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen stain was positive with 50 and 80% of the labeling index in the benign and malignant tumors, respectively, but retinoblastoma gene protein was negative in all tumors. This analysis confirmed the relationship between histological malignant SFTs and tumor size, cellularity, mitotic activity, necrosis and tumor suppressor gene expression. However, the clinical behavior was unpredictable. Complete respectability seemed to be the most important indicator of clinical outcome in the less aggressive tumors.
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98
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Liu KS, Girman JR, Hayward SB, Shusterman D, Chang YL. Unintentional carbon monoxide deaths in California from charcoal grills and hibachis. JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE ANALYSIS AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 1998; 3 Suppl 1:143-51. [PMID: 9857300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
This study was carried out to determine the annual incidence rate of and factors associated with unintentional deaths due to carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning from charcoal grills/hibachis in California during 1979-1988. A search through the California Master Mortality File was conducted to identify all cases with ICD-9 codes related to unintentional CO deaths. Individual coroners' investigation reports were obtained from 42 counties and evaluated by three evaluators. After excluding miscoded and misclassified cases, 444 deaths were judged to be authentic cases of unintentional CO poisoning. Among them, 59 deaths found to be due to the improper use of charcoal grills/hibachis. An increasing but not statistically significant trend was observed over the 10-year period. The highest rates occurred among males, asians, blacks, and middle-aged (20-39) people. Fifty-four percent of the deaths occurred in motor vehicles and 46% in residential structures.
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99
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Sheen TS, Ko JY, Chang YL, Chang YS, Huang YT, Chang Y, Tsai CH, Hsu MM. Nasopharyngeal swab and PCR for the screening of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in the endemic area: a good supplement to the serologic screening. Head Neck 1998; 20:732-8. [PMID: 9790296 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0347(199812)20:8<732::aid-hed12>3.0.co;2-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a common head and neck cancer in Taiwan. Early detection is the best way to improve survival for this disease. A prospective study was designed to assess the feasibility of a new screening method for NPC by use of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based on the close association of NPC and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). METHODS One hundred thirty-three different tissues from nasopharynx, nose, and sinus were investigated by use of PCR to check for the presence of EBV genome. Subsequently, from April 1996 to March 1997, 55 patients were enrolled in a prospective screening study. All patients underwent nasopharyngeal swabs before biopsy. Polymerase chain reaction detection of EBV genome was conducted on swab samples. Anti-EBV viral capsid antigen (VCA) in IgA and IgG class were checked at the same visit. RESULTS The EBV genome was present in 91.4% (85/93) of NPC tissues and in 25.0% (10/40) of non-NPC tissues (p < .001, chi2 test). Of the 55 swabs, 49 (89.1%) specimens obtained enough cells for PCR examination. Thirty of these 49 patients were pathologically proved NPC. The presence of EBV were 86.7% (26/30) in NPC group and 42.1% (8/19) in non-NPC group. The sensitivity and specificity were 86.7% and 57.9%, respectively, which were similar to those of serologic method (87.5% and 43.5%) when the cut-off point was set at anti-VCA IgG > or = 160 and IgA > or = 10. Combining both methods elevates the specificity to 84.2%. CONCLUSIONS The sensitivity of this PCR screening method is similar to that of the serologic method. Combining both methods can greatly increase the specificity, indicating this new method is a good supplement to the serologic screening of this endemic disease.
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100
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Lee YC, Luh SP, Lee JM, Huang CC, Chang YL, Wu HD, Kuo SH, Chu SH. Lung transplantation--the NTUH surgical experience. Transplant Proc 1998; 30:3391-2. [PMID: 9838494 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-1345(98)01073-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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