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Xu ZW, Jiang ZL, Fu Z, Huang S. Changed expression of microRNAs may predict postoperative atrial fibrillation in patients with cardiac surgery. EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2021; 25:287-292. [PMID: 33506917 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202101_24394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Changes of microRNAs (miRNAs) may contribute to the pathogenesis and progression of postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) in patients undergoing cardiac valve surgery. This study aimed to measure the expression levels of miRNAs in peripheral blood, as well as their target mRNAs, in POAF patients and normal controls (non-POAF), and to evaluate the potential of miRNAs as promising biomarkers to predict POAF. PATIENTS AND METHODS The expression of miRNAs in peripheral blood, including miR-27b, miR-133a, miR-328, miR-499 and their target mRNAs, was analyzed in 109 POAF patients and 96 non-POAF patients via quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). We compared differences between the two groups and also analyzed the treat reaction to amiodarone. RESULTS All miRNAs in POAF patients were significantly highly expressed. Compared to non-POAF, the expression of miR-27b, miR-133a, miR-328, miR-499 increased in both groups of POAF patients, and miR-499 was the only upregulated miRNAs in the amiodarone - group versus amiodarone + group and non-POAF. Among the upregulated miRNAs, miR-499 expression significantly changed in amiodarone + and amiodarone - patients (p = 0.005). The ROC curve analysis revealed that miR-499 might be a potential therapeutic response biomarker. The miRNA-mRNA interactions revealed 10 mRNAs regulated by miR-27b, miR-133a, and miR- 499. CONCLUSIONS We found an expression on miR-133a, miR-27b, miR-328, and miR-499 was significantly different between these groups, with a high expression being observed in POAF patients compared to non-POAF patients. Further, the present results showed that miR-499 was significantly upregulated in amiodarone - patients, compared to non-POAF, and amiodarone + patients. This finding indicates that miR-499 may be a potential biomarker for predicting the occurrence of POAF after cardiac valve surgery and treat the reaction to amiodarone.
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Chen H, Jin Z, Fu Z, Xia F. SK2 channel deletion reduces susceptibility to bupivacaine-induced cardiotoxicity in mouse. Hum Exp Toxicol 2021; 40:1796-1802. [PMID: 33887967 DOI: 10.1177/09603271211010912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Bupivacaine is frequently used for regional anesthesia and postoperative analgesia. However, an inadvertent intravenous injection can cause severe cardiotoxicity, manifesting as arrhythmia, hypotension, and even cardiac asystole. The mechanism of bupivacaine-mediated cardiotoxicity remains unclear. SK2 knockout mice (SK) and wild-type mice (WT) were divided into four groups, with 12 mice per group. We determined the difference in bupivacaine cardiotoxicity between SK2 knockout and WT mice by measuring the time to the first arrhythmia (Tarrhythmia) and the time to asystole (Tasystole). Secondary indicators of cardiotoxicity were the time from the beginning of bupivacaine infusion to 20% prolongation of the QT interval (TQT) and the time to 20% widening of the QRS complex (TQRS). Tarrhythmia and Tasystole were significantly longer in the SK-bupi group than in the WT-bupi group (both P < 0.05). TQT and TQRS were longer in the SK-bupi group than in the WT-bupi group (all P < 0.05). The time to 25%, 50%, and 75% reduction in HR in the SK-bupi group was significantly longer than in the WT-bupi group (all P < 0.05). Knocking out the SK2 channel can reduce bupivacaine-induced cardiotoxicity in the mouse.
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Xia F, Chen H, Jin Z, Fu Z. Apelin-13 protects the lungs from ischemia-reperfusion injury by attenuating inflammatory and oxidative stress. Hum Exp Toxicol 2021; 40:685-694. [PMID: 33025833 DOI: 10.1177/0960327120961436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Apelin has been reported to regulate mitochondrial function in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury and cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. However, the role of apelin-13 in lung ischemia-reperfusion injury (LIRI) remains unclear. This study established an experimental rat model to evaluate the underlying mechanisms of apelin-13 on LIRI. Twenty-four rats were randomly divided to sham operation group (group SM), ischemia/reperfusion group (group IR), and apelin-13 treatment group (group APL). The effects of apelin-13 on LIRI were determined histologically using H&E staining, while the wet/dry weight ratio was used to assess lung edema caused by LIRI. Inflammatory cytokines were also detected in Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid by ELISA. The protein expression of UCP2 and the morphological changes of mitochondria were determined by western blotting and electromicroscopy, respectively. The results demonstrated the structural damage of lung tissues and lung edema in group IR. An increased level of inflammatory cytokines including IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α was observed in rats with LIRI using ELISA. After that, oxidative stress and morphological damage of mitochondria were also shown in group IR. Yet, the application of apelin-13 reversed all these deleterious effects in group APL. The protective effects of apelin-13 were indicated by decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and elevated UCP2 expression levels in rats. In conclusion, this study revealed that apelin-13 had protective effects against LIRI via attenuating lung edema, the production of inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Wang J, Zhao X, Wu A, Tang Z, Niu L, Wu F, Wang F, Zhao T, Fu Z. Aggregation and stability of sulfate-modified polystyrene nanoplastics in synthetic and natural waters. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 268:114240. [PMID: 33152633 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nanoplastics (NPs) are becoming emerging pollutants of global concern. Understanding the environmental behavior of NPs is crucial for their environmental and human risk assessment. In this study, the aggregation and stability of polystyrene (PS) NPs were investigated under different hydrochemical conditions such as pH, salt type (NaCl, CaCl2, Na2SO4), ionic strength (IS), and natural organic matter (NOM). The critical coagulation concentrations of PS NPs were determined to be 158.7 mM NaCl, 12.2 mM CaCl2, and 80.0 mM Na2SO4. Ca2+ was more effective in destabilizing PS NPs, compared to Na+, owing to its stronger charge screening effect. In the presence of monovalent ions, NOM reduced aggregation through steric repulsion, whereas in the case of divalent ions, NOM induced aggregation through cation bridging. Initial and long-term stability studies demonstrated that, in waters with high IS and NOM content, NOM was the most significant factor affecting NPs aggregation. PS NPs would be highly suspended in all freshwaters, and even in wastewater, whereas they would aggregate rapidly and deposit in seawater. Finally, a statistical model was established to evaluate the hydrodynamic diameter of NPs in different waters. The results indicated the stability of PS NPs in natural aquatic environments and their potential for long-term transport.
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Li H, Arslan M, Fu Z, Lee H, Mikula M. Family History of Crohn’s Disease (CD) May Be a Risk Factor for Developing de novo CD following Ileal Pouch Anal Anastomosis (IPAA) for Ulcerative Colitis (UC). Am J Clin Pathol 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqaa161.328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction/Objective
A subset of patients with an established diagnosis of UC develops signs of CD (de novo CD) following IPAA. While the etiology and risk factors of de novo CD remain largely unknown, preliminary studies have shown controversial results regarding family history of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and smoking history.
Methods
Patients that underwent IPAA for UC, with at least 1 year of follow-up, were identified (n=161; 1996 to 2018). We retrospectively reviewed the electronic medical records. Patients that were diagnosed with de novo CD during the follow-up period were further identified. Smoking history and family history of IBD were evaluated. Chi square test was performed to compare the frequencies. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated by logistic regression model. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results
29 de novo CD were identified. At the time of proctocolectomy, the family history of IBD and smoking history was documented in 152 UC patients including 27 that subsequently developed de novo CD. 23 of 152 had a family history of IBD (12 UC, 9 CD and 2 IBD, NOS). 19/129 (14.7%) UC patients without a family history of any type of IBD, 4/9 (44.4%) with a family history of CD, and 4/12 (33.3%) with a family history of UC developed de novo CD. Patients with a family history of CD were more likely to develop de novo CD post IPAA than those without a family history of any type of IBD (OR 4.63, 95% CI 1.14-18.82, p=0.03). Family history of UC did not correlate with development of de novo CD (OR 2.90; 95% CI 0.79-10.57, p=0.108). At the time of proctocoletomy, 11 were current smokers, 25 were former smokers, and 116 never smoked. In de novo CD group, there were 4/27 (14.8 %) former smokers and 23/27 (85.2 %) never smokers. No de novo CD patient was current smoker. In the UC group that remained as UC following IPAA, 11/125 (8.8%) were current smokers, 21/125 (16.8 %) former smokers, and 93/125 (74.4 %) were never smokers. Current smoking status was not associated with development of de novo CD (p = 0.214).
Conclusion
Family history of CD may be a risk factor for developing de novo CD following IPAA for UC. Current smoking status was not associated with development of de novo CD following IPAA for UC.
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Bastos A, Fu Z, Ciais P, Friedlingstein P, Sitch S, Pongratz J, Weber U, Reichstein M, Anthoni P, Arneth A, Haverd V, Jain A, Joetzjer E, Knauer J, Lienert S, Loughran T, McGuire PC, Obermeier W, Padrón RS, Shi H, Tian H, Viovy N, Zaehle S. Impacts of extreme summers on European ecosystems: a comparative analysis of 2003, 2010 and 2018. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2020; 375:20190507. [PMID: 32892728 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2019.0507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In Europe, three widespread extreme summer drought and heat (DH) events have occurred in 2003, 2010 and 2018. These events were comparable in magnitude but varied in their geographical distribution and biomes affected. In this study, we perform a comparative analysis of the impact of the DH events on ecosystem CO2 fluxes over Europe based on an ensemble of 11 dynamic global vegetation models (DGVMs), and the observation-based FLUXCOM product. We find that all DH events were associated with decreases in net ecosystem productivity (NEP), but the gross summer flux anomalies differ between DGVMs and FLUXCOM. At the annual scale, FLUXCOM and DGVMs indicate close to neutral or above-average land CO2 uptake in DH2003 and DH2018, due to increased productivity in spring and reduced respiration in autumn and winter compensating for less photosynthetic uptake in summer. Most DGVMs estimate lower gross primary production (GPP) sensitivity to soil moisture during extreme summers than FLUXCOM. Finally, we show that the different impacts of the DH events at continental-scale GPP are in part related to differences in vegetation composition of the regions affected and to regional compensating or offsetting effects from climate anomalies beyond the DH centres. This article is part of the theme issue 'Impacts of the 2018 severe drought and heatwave in Europe: from site to continental scale'.
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Han DL, Wang LL, Zhang GF, Yang WF, Chai J, Lin HM, Fu Z, Yu JM. MiRNA-485-5p, inhibits esophageal cancer cells proliferation and invasion by down-regulating O-linked N-acetylglucosamine transferase. EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2020; 23:2809-2816. [PMID: 31002132 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201904_17556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous reports suggest that miRNA-485-5p is dysregulated and contributes to tumorigenesis in some cancer types. Nevertheless, the biological role of miRNA-485-5p in esophageal cancer (EC) is not well understood. Additionally, we found that the expression of miR-485-5p in EC tissues was aberrant. PATIENTS AND METHODS Quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to demonstrate the expression of miRNA-485-5p in EC cell lines. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and transwell assay indicated that miRNA-485-5p overexpression inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in EC cell lines. Additionally, Western blotting, dual-luciferase reporter assay, and rescue assay predicted that O-linked N-acetylglucosamine transferase (OGT) was a direct target of miRNA-485-5p. Moreover, we showed that miRNA-485-5p regulated EC tumorigenesis by down-regulating OGT expression in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS The upregulation of miR-485-5p (fold change = 44 and 26 in ECA109 and TE-1, respectively; p<0.001) was showed by qRT-PCR. Compared with the control groups, the expression miR-485-5p significantly suppressed the proliferation, migration, and invasion of EC cells. The bioinformatic analysis predicted that the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of OGT contains one miR-485-5p target sequences. Western blotting and dual-luciferase reporter assay showed that activation of OGT 3'UTR was increased by co-transfection with miR-485-5p. Finally, CCK-8 assay predicted that the rescue effects of OGT expression on miR-485-5p induced inhibition of cell growth and tumor weight in Eca109 and TE1 cells. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that miRNA-485-5p is a suppressor of EC tumorigenesis and could serve as a novel candidate for therapeutic applications in EC treatment.
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Bastos A, Ciais P, Friedlingstein P, Sitch S, Pongratz J, Fan L, Wigneron JP, Weber U, Reichstein M, Fu Z, Anthoni P, Arneth A, Haverd V, Jain AK, Joetzjer E, Knauer J, Lienert S, Loughran T, McGuire PC, Tian H, Viovy N, Zaehle S. Direct and seasonal legacy effects of the 2018 heat wave and drought on European ecosystem productivity. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaba2724. [PMID: 32577519 PMCID: PMC7286671 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aba2724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
In summer 2018, central and northern Europe were stricken by extreme drought and heat (DH2018). The DH2018 differed from previous events in being preceded by extreme spring warming and brightening, but moderate rainfall deficits, yet registering the fastest transition between wet winter conditions and extreme summer drought. Using 11 vegetation models, we show that spring conditions promoted increased vegetation growth, which, in turn, contributed to fast soil moisture depletion, amplifying the summer drought. We find regional asymmetries in summer ecosystem carbon fluxes: increased (reduced) sink in the northern (southern) areas affected by drought. These asymmetries can be explained by distinct legacy effects of spring growth and of water-use efficiency dynamics mediated by vegetation composition, rather than by distinct ecosystem responses to summer heat/drought. The asymmetries in carbon and water exchanges during spring and summer 2018 suggest that future land-management strategies could influence patterns of summer heat waves and droughts under long-term warming.
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Cheng F, Li H, Ma H, Wu F, Fu Z, You J. Identifying bioaccessible suspect toxicants in sediment using adverse outcome pathway directed analysis. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 389:121853. [PMID: 31874758 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Chemical mixtures are a common occurrence in contaminated sediment and determining causal relationship between sediment contamination and adverse outcomes is challenging. The bioavailability and choice of bioassay endpoints played important roles in elucidating causality. As such, bioaccessibility-based XAD extraction and adverse outcome pathway (AOP) guided bioassays were incorporated into an effect-directed analysis to more effectively determine sediment causality. XAD extracts of sediments from urban waterways in Guangzhou, China were examined using cell viability bioassays with four human tumor cells from lung, liver, breast, and bone marrow. Pronounced effects to SH-SY5Y cells were noted, thus neurotoxicity was subsequently focused in the AOP-guided bioassays. Intracellular calcium influx, mitochondrial membrane potential inhibition, reactive oxygen species generation, and cell viability were utilized as evidence for neurotoxicity AOP-guided analysis. Suspect toxicants were identified in active fractions using GC-MS. Toxicity confirmation was performed by evaluating toxicity contributions of the candidates to the pathway. Cypermethrin, bisphenol A, galaxolide, tonalide, and versalide were found as the major stressors across key events of the studied pathway. Moreover, good correlations among key events validated the feasibility of method to predict in vivo response, suggesting that considering bioavailability and AOP improved environmental relevance for toxicant identification in a complex mixture.
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Moya EA, Go A, CB K, Fu Z, TS S, FL P. Neuronal HIF-1α in the nucleus tractus solitarius contributes to ventilatory acclimatization to hypoxia. J Physiol 2020; 598:2021-2034. [PMID: 32026480 PMCID: PMC7230006 DOI: 10.1113/jp279331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS We hypothesized that hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) in CNS respiratory centres is necessary for ventilatory acclimatization to hypoxia (VAH); VAH is a time-dependent increase in baseline ventilation and the hypoxic ventilatory response (HVR) occurring over days to weeks of chronic sustained hypoxia (CH). Constitutive deletion of HIF-1α in CNS neurons in transgenic mice tended to blunt the increase in HVR that occurs in wild-type mice with CH. Conditional deletion of HIF-1α in glutamatergic neurons of the nucleus tractus solitarius during CH significantly decreased ventilation in acute hypoxia but not normoxia in CH mice. These effects are not explained by changes in metabolic rate, nor CO2 , and there were no changes in the HVR in normoxic mice. HIF-1α mediated changes in gene expression in CNS respiratory centres are necessary in addition to plasticity of arterial chemoreceptors for normal VAH. ABSTRACT Chronic hypoxia (CH) produces a time-dependent increase of resting ventilation and the hypoxic ventilatory response (HVR) that is called ventilatory acclimatization to hypoxia (VAH). VAH involves plasticity in arterial chemoreceptors and the CNS [e.g. nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS)], although the signals for this plasticity are not known. We hypothesized that hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α), an O2 -sensitive transcription factor, is necessary in the NTS for normal VAH. We tested this in two mouse models using loxP-Cre gene deletion. First, HIF-1α was constitutively deleted in CNS neurons (CNS-HIF-1α-/- ) by breeding HIF-1α floxed mice with mice expressing Cre-recombinase driven by the calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IIα promoter. Second, HIF-1α was deleted in NTS neurons in adult mice (NTS-HIF-1α-/- ) by microinjecting adeno-associated virus that expressed Cre-recombinase in HIF-1α floxed mice. In normoxic control mice, HIF-1α deletion in the CNS or NTS did not affect ventilation, nor the acute HVR (10-15 min hypoxic exposure). In mice acclimatized to CH for 1 week, ventilation in hypoxia was blunted in CNS-HIF-1α-/- and significantly decreased in NTS-HIF-1α-/- compared to control mice (P < 0.0001). These changes were not explained by differences in metabolic rate or CO2 . Immunofluorescence showed that HIF-1α deletion in NTS-HIF-1α-/- was restricted to glutamatergic neurons. The results indicate that HIF-1α is a necessary signal for VAH and the previously described plasticity in glutamatergic neurotransmission in the NTS with CH. HIF-1α deletion had no effect on the increase in normoxic ventilation with acclimatization to CH, indicating this is a distinct mechanism from the increased HVR with VAH.
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Guo W, Fu Z, Zhang Z, Wang H, Liu S, Feng W, Zhao X, Giesy JP. Synthesis of Fe 3O 4 magnetic nanoparticles coated with cationic surfactants and their applications in Sb(V) removal from water. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 710:136302. [PMID: 31927285 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Antimony (Sb) pollution was an emerging environmental risk in several contaminated waters, whereas its removal still presented as a severe challenge due to the lack of efficient adsorbent and its further removal mechanism. In this study, synthesized absorbents, Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (Fe-MNPs) modified and dispersed with commonly used cationic surfactants, were applied to remove Sb contamination in real surface waters, its synthesized conditions, removal performance and mechanism were investigated by using batch experiments and characterization analyses. Optimum conditions on Sb(V) (the dominant form is Sb(OH)6-) removal by modified adsorbents were obtained as: cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) coated on Fe-MNPs, mass ratio of Fe-MNPs: CPC = 4:1 and pH = 3-5. Magnetic properties of synthesized adsorbent were not affected, dispersibility was enhanced after fabrication of CPC, that indicated the Fe-MNPs@CPC could be separated and reused with external magnetic field. The adsorption efficiency of this low-cost adsorbent coated with CPC was superior than several traditional adsorbents. The practical application of Fe-MNPs@CPC in five types real waters from the Xikuangshan (XKS) Sb mine area and regeneration experiments by 1 M (mol/L) NaOH solution further confirm its practicability and reusability. Removal experiment results, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) spectra suggested that electrostatic attraction and surface bonding might responsible for the Sb(V) removal by Fe-MNPs modified with cationic surfactants.
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Yang H, Tan Q, Chen GH, Chen JS, Fu Z, Ren FL, Luo XY, Wang H. Plasma retinol as a predictive biomarker of disease activity and response to acitretin monotherapy in children with generalized pustular psoriasis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2020; 34:e270-e272. [PMID: 31991497 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.16244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Xie WY, Fu Z, Pan NX, Yan HC, Wang XQ, Gao CQ. Leucine promotes the growth of squabs by increasing crop milk protein synthesis through the TOR signaling pathway in the domestic pigeon (Columba livia). Poult Sci 2020; 98:5514-5524. [PMID: 31172174 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pez296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Leucine (Leu) plays a critical regulatory role in protein synthesis, however, the effects and molecular mechanisms of Leu on crop milk protein in the domestic pigeons (Columba livia) are still unknown. Therefore, the study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary Leu supplementation on crop milk protein synthesis and the growth performance of squabs and the possible underlying mechanism. A total of 240 pairs of breeding pigeons (1102.3 ± 9.5 g/pair) were randomly assigned to 1 of 5 treatments, including a positive control (PC) diet that had adequate crude protein (crude protein, CP = 18%; Leu = 1.30%), a negative control (NC) diet that was low in CP (CP = 16%, Leu = 1.30%), and NC diets supplemented with Leu at 0.15%, 0.45%, or 1.05%. Compared with the NC diet, 0.15 to 0.45% Leu supplementation decreased BW loss and increased relative crop weight, crop thickness, and protein levels in the crop tissue and milk of breeding pigeons. However, dietary supplementation with 1.05% Leu inhibited ADFI in breeding pigeons. Dietary supplementation with 0.15 to 0.45% Leu decreased the mortality rate and increased the BW, eviscerated yield, and breast muscle yield of young squabs. The protein expression levels of the target of rapamycin (TOR), ribosomal protein S6 kinase 1 (S6K1), ribosomal protein S6 kinase (S6), eukaryotic initiation factor 4E binding protein 1 (4EBP1), and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) were upregulated in the crop tissue of breeding pigeons in PC, 0.15% and 0.45% Leu-supplemented groups. Collectively, these results indicated that 0.15 to 0.45% Leu supplementation could decrease BW loss, increase milk protein synthesis in the crop of breeding pigeons, and enhance the survival rate and growth performance of young squabs through the TOR signaling pathway.
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Chen MJ, Fu Z, Jiang SG, Wang XQ, Yan HC, Gao CQ. Targeted disruption of TORC1 retards young squab growth by inhibiting the synthesis of crop milk protein in breeding pigeon (Columba livia). Poult Sci 2020; 99:416-422. [PMID: 32416826 PMCID: PMC7587900 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pez513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to explore the regulatory role of the target of rapamycin complex 1 (TORC1) signaling pathway in crop milk synthesis in breeding pigeons (Columba livia). Three groups of breeding pigeons in the lactation period (n = 30 pairs/group) were respectively injected with rapamycin (RAPA, a specific inhibitor of the target of rapamycin complex) at doses of 0 (vehicle, control), 0.6, or 1.2 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day via the wing vein for 7 days. The average daily feed intake (ADFI) and BW of the breeding pigeons and the BW of young squabs were respectively recorded throughout the experimental period. The breeding pigeons were sacrificed to collect their crop tissues, crop milk, and serum on the eighth day of the experiment. The results showed that neither 0.6 nor 1.2 mg/kg BW RAPA injection affected BW loss or ADFI in breeding pigeons (P > 0.05), while crop thickness and crop relative weight were significantly decreased (P < 0.05) in the 1.2 mg/kg BW rapamycin-injected group. Simultaneously, RAPA (especially at 1.2 mg/kg BW) decreased the crude protein, αs1-casein, αs2-casein, β-casein, and amino acid contents (Asp, Thr, Ser, Glu, Gly, Ala, Cys, Val, Met, Ile, Leu, Tyr, Lys, His, Arg, and Pro) of crop milk (P < 0.05) and the concentrations of albumin, total protein, and uric acid in the serum of breeding pigeons (P < 0.05). Additionally, the expression of TORC1 pathway-related proteins (TORC1, S6K1, S6, 4EBP1, and eIF4E) was downregulated in the crop tissues of breeding pigeons by 0.6 or 1.2 mg/kg BW/day RAPA injection (P < 0.05). Accordingly, the average daily gain (ADG) of young squabs declined, and the mortality rate increased significantly (P < 0.05). Together, the results showed that RAPA reduced protein and amino acid levels in the crop milk of breeding pigeons and retarded young squab growth, suggesting a crucial role of TORC1 in crop milk synthesis in breeding pigeons.
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Feng C, Li H, Yan Z, Wang Y, Wang C, Fu Z, Liao W, Giesy JP, Bai Y. Technical study on national mandatory guideline for deriving water quality criteria for the protection of freshwater aquatic organisms in China. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 250:109539. [PMID: 31521040 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Water quality criteria are the basis for formulating environmental water quality standards, and are also an important part of environmental water protection and environmental management programs. The current study focused on a systematic discussion of the current research progress of water quality criteria theories and methodology for aquatic organisms both in China and internationally. This study also successfully pointed out key scientific issues which should be considered in the determination of water quality criteria guidelines from the following perspectives for a national strategy: the selection of pollutants; data collection and screening; species selection; water quality criteria derivation methods, and so on. For the first time, this study systematically introduced technology for the determination of water quality criteria guidelines for protecting aquatic organisms which was suitable for China's regional characteristics and national conditions. Furthermore, this study pointed out the key research directions which should be considered in the future construction of China's environmental criteria and management systems, in order to provide technical support for environmental protection and management projects.
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Li L, Yuan S, Yu J, Liu N, Zhang H, Tao R, Zhao S, Chen Z, Fu Z, Li W, Gao Y. Potential Imaging Biomarkers Predictive of the Response to Bevacizumab Combined with Conventional Therapy in Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.06.2297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Iacocca E, Liu TM, Reid AH, Fu Z, Ruta S, Granitzka PW, Jal E, Bonetti S, Gray AX, Graves CE, Kukreja R, Chen Z, Higley DJ, Chase T, Le Guyader L, Hirsch K, Ohldag H, Schlotter WF, Dakovski GL, Coslovich G, Hoffmann MC, Carron S, Tsukamoto A, Kirilyuk A, Kimel AV, Rasing T, Stöhr J, Evans RFL, Ostler T, Chantrell RW, Hoefer MA, Silva TJ, Dürr HA. Spin-current-mediated rapid magnon localisation and coalescence after ultrafast optical pumping of ferrimagnetic alloys. Nat Commun 2019; 10:1756. [PMID: 30988403 PMCID: PMC6465265 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09577-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Sub-picosecond magnetisation manipulation via femtosecond optical pumping has attracted wide attention ever since its original discovery in 1996. However, the spatial evolution of the magnetisation is not yet well understood, in part due to the difficulty in experimentally probing such rapid dynamics. Here, we find evidence of a universal rapid magnetic order recovery in ferrimagnets with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy via nonlinear magnon processes. We identify magnon localisation and coalescence processes, whereby localised magnetic textures nucleate and subsequently interact and grow in accordance with a power law formalism. A hydrodynamic representation of the numerical simulations indicates that the appearance of noncollinear magnetisation via optical pumping establishes exchange-mediated spin currents with an equivalent 100% spin polarised charge current density of 107 A cm-2. Such large spin currents precipitate rapid recovery of magnetic order after optical pumping. The magnon processes discussed here provide new insights for the stabilization of desired meta-stable states.
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Fu Z, Li W, Wu H, Huang X, Li J, Sun C, Tang J, Yin Y. Abstract P5-07-15: Adipose-derived peptides from breast cancer patients promote the malignancy of breast cancer MCF-7 cells. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p5-07-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Adipose stromal/stem cells (ADSCs) could regulate malignancy behaviors of breast cancer, which was due to adipose-derived cytokines in part, such as leptin and resistin. Recently, peptides have been demonstrated to be potential targets for cancer therapy. It's valuable to analyze the characters of adipose-secreted peptides systematically. In this study, we isolated primary adipocytes from adipose tissue adjacent to breast tumor and breast benign lesions respectively, and then co-cultured breast cancer cells MCF-7 with tumor adjacent adipocytes (TAAs)/breast benign adipocytes (BBAs) separately. Compared to BBAs, TAAs could promote proliferation and migration ability of MCF-7. Then we extracted and purified peptides from supernatant of TAAs and BBAs using ultrafiltration, and the effects of TAAs-derived peptides compound on breast cancer cells appeared accordance with the adipose cells. 100 peptides, which were derived from 90 protein precursors, were found to be differentially secreted between TAAs and BBAs by LC-MS/MS (p < 0.05). Gene Ontology (GO) and Pathway analyses appeared that these altered peptides were mainly contributed to cell adhesion, and regulation of Ras-protein signal transduction. These results showed that these differentially secreted peptides could regulate breast cancer cell malignancy, which indicated that they could be potential therapeutic targets and diagnostic bio-marker for breast cancer.
Citation Format: Fu Z, Li W, Wu H, Huang X, Li J, Sun C, Tang J, Yin Y. Adipose-derived peptides from breast cancer patients promote the malignancy of breast cancer MCF-7 cells [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-07-15.
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Sun C, Li W, Wu H, Huang X, Li J, Fu Z, Tang J, Yin Y. Abstract P3-10-29: tRNA-derived fragments as novel predictive biomarkers for trastuzumab-resistant breast cancer. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p3-10-29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Resistance to trastuzumab remains a common challenge to HER-2 positive breast cancer. Up until now, the underlying mechanism of trastuzumab resistance is still unclear. tRNA-derived small non-coding RNAs, a new class of small non-coding RNA (sncRNAs), have been observed to play an important role in cancer progression. However, the relationship between tRNA-derived fragments and trastuzumab resistance is still unknown.
Methods:We detected the levels of tRNA-derived fragments expression in normal breast epithelial cell lines, trastuzumab-sensitive and -resistant breast cancer cell linesusing high-throughput sequencing.qRT-PCR was conducted to validate the differentially expressed fragments in serums from trastuzumab-sensitive and -resistant patients. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to evaluate the power of specific tRNA-derived fragments.Progression-free survival (PFS) was analyzed using Cox-regression.
Results:Our sequence results showed that tRNA-derived fragments were differentially expressed in the HBL-100, SKBR3, and JIMT-1 cell lines. tRF-30-JZOYJE22RR33 and tRF-27-ZDXPHO53KSN were found significantly upregulated in trastuzumab-resistant patients compared to sensitive individuals, and the ROC analysis showed that tRF-30-JZOYJE22RR33 and tRF-27-ZDXPHO53KSN were correlated with trastuzumab resistance. In a multivariate analysis, higher levels of tRF-30-JZOYJE22RR33 and tRF-27-ZDXPHO53KSN expression were associated with significantly shorter PFS in patients with metastatic HER-2 positive breast cancer.
Conclusion: Our results suggest that tRF-30-JZOYJE22RR33 and tRF-27-ZDXPHO53KSN play important roles in trastuzumab resistance. Patients with high levels of tRF-30-JZOYJE22RR33 and tRF-27-ZDXPHO53KSN expression benefitted less from trastuzumab-based therapy than those that express lower-levels of these molecules. tRF-30-JZOYJE22RR33 and tRF-27-ZDXPHO53KSN may be potential biomarkers and intervention targets in the clinical treatment of trastuzumab-resistant breast cancer.
Citation Format: Sun C, Li W, Wu H, Huang X, Li J, Fu Z, Tang J, Yin Y. tRNA-derived fragments as novel predictive biomarkers for trastuzumab-resistant breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-10-29.
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Duan YL, Zhu Y, Xu BP, Li CC, Chen AH, Deng L, Bao YX, Cao L, Sun Y, Ning LM, Fu Z, Liu CY, Yin J, Shen KL, Zhou YL, Xie ZD. [Multicenter study of human adenovirus infection in pediatric community-acquired pneumonia in China]. ZHONGHUA ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS 2019; 57:27-32. [PMID: 30630228 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0578-1310.2019.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the predominant genotypes and epidemiological characteristics of human adenovirus (HAdV) in pediatric community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in China. Methods: This was a repeated cross sectional study. Between November 2014 and November 2016, nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPAs) or throat swabs from each hospitalized pediatric patients diagnosed as CAP in 12 hospitals in Northern and Southern China were collected. Respiratory specimens were screened for 18 respiratory viruses including HAdV by using Luminex xTAG RVP Fast V2 multiplex Assay. Typing of HAdV and analysis for the epidemiological characteristic of HAdV were performed. Results: (1) A total of 2 723 hospitalized pediatric patients with CAP were enrolled in this study and 156 (5.7%, 156/2 723) respiratory specimens were positive for HAdV, and 74 (6.6%, 74/1 128) and 82 (5.1%, 82/1 595) were in Northern and Southern China, respectively. There was no significant difference in the positive detection rate between the Northern and Southern China. (2) In Northern China, the HAdV positive rate of children at the age of <6 months, 6 months-<1 years, 1-<3 years, 3-<5 years and ≥5 years was 5.9%(6/101), 6.7%(7/104), 10.3%(34/331), 4.1%(11/266) and 4.9%(16/326), respectively, and the incidence of HAdV infection peaked in children aged 1-3 years (χ(2)=11.511, P=0.021). While in Southern China the HAdV positive rate of children at the age of <6 months, 6 months-<1 years, 1-<3 years, 3-<5 years and ≥5 years was 2.2% (7/312), 4.6% (12/259), 6.3% (31/494), 7.3% (18/245) and 4.9%(14/285), respectively. There was no significant difference in the positive detection rate among age groups. (3) In 2015, the highest detection rate of HAdV in northern China was 12.5% (25/200) in winter, and in Southern China was 6.7% (35/525) in spring and 5.3% (19/357) in summer. (4) In 108 cases of HAdV positive specimens typing was done and 80 in cases classification was successfully performed.Totally 7 genotypes of HAdV, including HAdV-3 (n=32), HAdV-7 (n=9), HAdV-1 (n=12), HAdV-2 (n=15), HAdV-5 (n=10), HAdV-6 (n=1) and HAdV-4 (n=1), were detected. The predominant HAdV genotypes were HAdV-3 (30.8%, 8/26) and HAdV-7 (26.9%, 7/26) in Northern China, while HAdV-3 (44.4%, 24/54) and HAdV-2 (22.2%, 12/54) were the most prevalent genotypes in Southern China. Conclusions: HAdV is an important viral pathogen in pediatric CAP. The predominant HAdV genotypes and peak seasons of HAdV infections were different between Northern and Southern China. The predominant HAdV genotypes were HAdV-3 and HAdV-7 in Northern China, while HAdV-3 and HAdV-2 in Southern China. The peak season of HAdV infections was winter in Northern China. However, HAdV infections are more common in spring and summer in Southern China.
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Zhang R, Jia M, Li P, Han J, Huang K, Li Q, Qiao Y, Xu T, Ruan P, Hu Q, Fan G, Song Q, Fu Z. Radiotherapy improves the survival of patients with metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a propensity score matched analysis of Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. Dis Esophagus 2019; 32:5114250. [PMID: 30277502 DOI: 10.1093/dote/doy074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The survival advantage of radiotherapy (RT) for patients with metastatic esophagus cancer has not been adequately evaluated. This study aims to find out the role of RT for metastatic esophagus cancer and to find the different effect for RT to esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). This study included 5,970 metastatic esophagus cancer patients from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database, registered from January 2004 to December 2013. Propensity score (PS) analysis with 1:1 nearest neighbor matching method was used to ensure well-balanced characteristics of all comparison groups by histological types. The Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazardous models were used to evaluate the overall survival (OS), cancer-specific survival (CSS), and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI). Generally speaking, EAC did not get survival benefit from RT (median OS for RT group vs. no-RT group-8.0, 7.6-8.4 vs. 9.0, 8.5-9.5, P = 0.073), whereas RT for metastatic ESCC did significantly improve OS (median OS for RT group vs. no-RT group-8.0, 7.4-8.6 vs. 7.0, 6.4-7.6, P = 0.044). Therefore, compared with adenocarcinoma, ESCC could get more survival benefit from RT.
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Yang Y, Fu Z, Meng C, Zhao P, Luo B. Effects of Raloxifene on the Aortic Valve Function of Mice Fed with High-sugar and High-fat Diets. Indian J Pharm Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.4172/pharmaceutical-sciences.1000492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Zhao Z, Zhao L, Shi X, Liu J, Wang Y, Xu W, Sun H, Fu Z, Liu B, Hua S. Effects of polypropylene carbonate coating on the degradation and biocompatibility of degradable magnesium alloy AZ31. PROCEEDINGS OF THE ESTONIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.3176/proc.2019.1.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Guo W, Fu Z, Wang H, Liu S, Wu F, Giesy JP. Removal of antimonate (Sb(V)) and antimonite (Sb(III)) from aqueous solutions by coagulation-flocculation-sedimentation (CFS): Dependence on influencing factors and insights into removal mechanisms. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 644:1277-1285. [PMID: 30743840 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 06/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the effects of different influence factors on the removal of inorganic Sb species using coagulation-flocculation-sedimentation (CFS) and establishes the mechanism of the process. Thus, the influence of pH, initial Sb concentrations, coagulant dosages and competitive matters on Sb(V) and Sb(III) removal via CFS with polymeric ferric sulfate (PFS) was investigated systemically. Competition experiments and characterization methods, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), were performed to determine the mechanisms of the process. The main conclusions included: (i) Optimum Sb removal was observed at a pH range of 4-6 and dosages of 4 × 10-4 mol/L and 8 × 10-5 mol/L for Sb(V) and Sb(III), respectively. Additionally, both Sb(V) and Sb(III) removal could be inhibited by the presence of phosphate and humic acid (HA). (ii) A higher priority was observed for the removal of Sb(III) over Sb(V). (iii) After excluding precipitation/inclusion/occlusion, coprecipitation involving chemical bonding played a significant role in both Sb(V) and Sb(III) removal, and electrostatic force served another significant role in Sb(V) removal. The Sb(V) and Sb(III) contamination in real contaminated waters was successfully removed using PFS via CFS process. The results of this study provide insights into the removal mechanisms of inorganic Sb species via CFS.
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Fu Z. Radiation Therapy Combined with Iressa for Patients with Locally Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Who Couldn’t Receive Surgery or Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy: The Preliminary Results of a Phase II Clinical Trial. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2018.07.1841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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