Opium and empire: some evidence from colonial-era Asian stock and commodity markets

On the basis of a new database of stock and commodity prices, along with measures of government revenues, commodity exports and immigration, the article assesses the impact of the opium trade on the economies of colonial Malaya, the Netherlands Indies and China from 1873 to 1911. Stock returns for a few Malayan industries related to international trade are significantly correlated with opium price changes, as are prices for labour-intensive, Chinese-dominated export commodities such as tin and gambier. However, opium price changes explain, at most, only a small fraction of the behaviour of stock and commodity prices. On balance, stock and commodity markets ascribed only secondary importance to ups and downs in the opium trade as measured by the price of the drug.

Domestic violence prosecuted: women binding over their husbands for assault at Westminster Quarter Sessions, 1685-1720

Recognizances have been studied very little as evidence of domestic violence, yet they can yield many insights for historians. Using more than one hundred recognizances for assaults by husbands upon wives in Westminster Quarter Sessions records, 1680-1720, this article argues that wives could prosecute even a relatively minor incident of violence. In contrast, servants and apprentices appear to have been able to prosecute assaults by employers only if they coincided with contractual violations. Adulterous lovers, neighbors, and extended family were present in domestic violence prosecutions at various times and, along with wives, appear to have played a role in limiting patriarchal power.