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Chen JL, Li N, Xu M, Wang L, Sun J, Li Liu, Wang YF, Zhang BL, Suo HY, Wang TH, Wang F. Implantation of human urine stem cells promotes neural repair in spinal cord injury rats associated cadeharin-1 and integrin subunit beta 1 expression. J Gene Med 2024; 26:e3615. [PMID: 38123364 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.3615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to determine the effect of human urine-derived stem cells (HUSCs) for the treatment of spinal cord injury (SCI) and investigate associated the molecular network mechanism by using bioinformatics combined with experimental validation. METHODS After the contusive SCI model was established, the HUSC-expressed specific antigen marker was implanted into the injury site immediately, and the Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan locomotor rating scale (BBB scale) was utilized to evaluate motor function so as to determine the effect of HUSCs for the neural repair after SCI. Then, the geneCards database was used to collect related gene targets for both HUSCs and SCI, and cross genes were merged with the findings of PubMed screen. Subsequently, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment, as well as core network construction, were performed using Cytoscape software. Lastly, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunofluorescence were employed to validate the mRNA expression and localization of 10 hub genes, and two of the most important, designated as cadherin 1 (CDH1) and integrin subunit beta 1 (ITGB1), were identified successfully. RESULTS The immunophenotypes of HUSCs were marked by CD90+ and CD44+ but not CD45, and flow cytometry confirmed their character. The expression rates of CD90, CD73, CD44 and CD105 in HUSCs were 99.49, 99.77, 99.82 and 99.51%, respectively, while the expression rates of CD43, CD45, CD11b and HLA-DR were 0.08, 0.30, 1.34 and 0.02%, respectively. After SCI, all rats appeared to have severe motor dysfunction, but the BBB score was increased in HUSC-transplanted rats compared with control rats at 28 days. By using bioinformatics, we obtained 6668 targets for SCI and 1095 targets for HUSCs and identified a total of 645 cross targets between HUSCs and SCI. Based on the PPI and Cytoscape analysis, CD44, ACTB, FN1, ITGB1, HSPA8, CDH1, ALB, HSP90AA1 and GAPDH were identified as possible therapeutic targets. Enrichment analysis revealed that the involved signal pathways included complement and coagulation cascades, lysosome, systemic lupus erythematosus, etc. Lastly, quantificational real-time (qRT)-PCR confirmed the mRNA differential expression of CDH1/ITGB1 after HUSC therapy, and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immunofluorescence staining showed that the astrocyte proliferation at the injured site could be reduced significantly after HUSC treatment. CONCLUSIONS We validated that HUSC implantation is effective for the treatment of SCI, and the underlying mechanisms associated with the multiple molecular network. Of these, CDH1 and ITGB1 may be considered as important candidate targets. Those findings therefore provided the crucial evidence for the potential use of HUSCs in SCI treatment in future clinic trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Lin Chen
- Animal Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
- Department of Anatomy, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Diabetic Cognitive and Perceptive Dysfunction, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Na Li
- Animal Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
- Department of Anatomy, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Diabetic Cognitive and Perceptive Dysfunction, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Min Xu
- Department of Anatomy, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Diabetic Cognitive and Perceptive Dysfunction, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Animal Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Jie Sun
- Animal Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People's Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Yu-Fei Wang
- Department of Anatomy, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Diabetic Cognitive and Perceptive Dysfunction, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Bao-Lei Zhang
- Animal Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Hai-Yang Suo
- Animal Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Ting-Hua Wang
- Animal Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
- Department of Anatomy, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Diabetic Cognitive and Perceptive Dysfunction, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Science and Technology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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Allam NAT, Hamouda RAEF, Sedky D, Abdelsalam ME, El-Gawad MEHA, Hassan NMF, Aboelsoued D, Elmaaty AMA, Ibrahim MA, Taie HAA, Hakim AS, Desouky HM, Megeed KNA, Abdel-Hamid MS. Medical prospects of cryptosporidiosis in vivo control using biofabricated nanoparticles loaded with Cinnamomum camphora extracts by Ulva fasciata. Vet World 2024; 17:108-124. [PMID: 38406364 PMCID: PMC10884584 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2024.108-124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim Global efforts are continuing to develop preparations against cryptosporidiosis. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of biosynthesized Ulva fasciata loading Cinnamomum camphora oil extract on new zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs shorten to ZnNPs) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) as alternative treatments for Cryptosporidium parvum experimental infection in rats. Materials and Methods Oil extract was characterized by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, loaded by U. fasciata on ionic-based ZnO and NPs, and then characterized by transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Biosafety and toxicity were investigated by skin tests. A total of 105 C. parvum oocysts/rat were used (n = 81, 2-3 W, 80-120 g, 9 male rats/group). Oocysts shedding was counted for 21 d. Doses of each preparation in addition to reference drug were administered daily for 7 d, starting on post-infection (PI) day (3). Nitazoxanide (100 mg) was used as the reference drug. After 3 weeks, the rats were sacrificed for postmortem examination and histopathological examination. Two blood samples/rat/group were collected on the 21st day. Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid blood samples were also used for analysis of biochemistry, hematology, immunology, micronucleus prevalence, and chromosomal abnormalities. Results C. camphora leaves yielded 28.5 ± 0.3 g/kg oil and 20 phycocompounds were identified. Spherical and rod-shaped particles were detected at 10.47-30.98 nm and 18.83-38.39 nm, respectively. ZnNPs showed the earliest anti-cryptosporidiosis effect during 7-17 d PI. Other hematological, biochemical, immunological, histological, and genotoxicity parameters were significantly fruitful; hence, normalized pathological changes induced by infestation were observed in the NPs treatments groups against the infestation-free and Nitazoxanide treated group. Conclusion C. camphora, U. fasciata, ZnNPs, and AgNPs have refluxed the pathological effects of infection as well as positively improved host physiological condition by its anticryptosporidial immunostimulant regenerative effects with sufficient ecofriendly properties to be proposed as an alternative to traditional drugs, especially in individuals with medical reactions against chemical commercial drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nesreen Allam Tantawy Allam
- Department of Parasitology and Animal Diseases, Veterinary Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El Buhouth Street, Dokki, P.O. Box: 12622, Giza, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ragaa Abd El-Fatah Hamouda
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, 5 Zone, Sadat City, Munofia, Egypt
| | - Doaa Sedky
- Department of Parasitology and Animal Diseases, Veterinary Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El Buhouth Street, Dokki, P.O. Box: 12622, Giza, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahinour Ezzeldin Abdelsalam
- Department of General Biology, Center of Basic Sciences, Misr University for Science and Technology, Al Motamayez District, 6 of October, Giza, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Noha Mahmoud Fahmy Hassan
- Department of Parasitology and Animal Diseases, Veterinary Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El Buhouth Street, Dokki, P.O. Box: 12622, Giza, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dina Aboelsoued
- Department of Parasitology and Animal Diseases, Veterinary Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El Buhouth Street, Dokki, P.O. Box: 12622, Giza, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amal M. Abou Elmaaty
- Department of Animal Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Veterinary Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El Buhouth Street, Dokki, P.O. Box: 12622, Giza, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Muhammad A. Ibrahim
- Cytogenetics and Animal Cell Culture Lab., National Gene Bank, Agriculture Research Center, 9 Gamaa Street, Giza, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hanan Anwar Aly Taie
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Agriculture and Biological Researches Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St. (Former El-Tahrir St.), Dokki, P.O. 12622, Giza, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ashraf Samir Hakim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Veterinary Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El Buhouth Street, Dokki, P.O. Box: 12622, Giza, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hassan Mohamed Desouky
- Department of Animal Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Veterinary Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El Buhouth Street, Dokki, P.O. Box: 12622, Giza, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Kadria Nasr Abdel Megeed
- Department of Parasitology and Animal Diseases, Veterinary Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El Buhouth Street, Dokki, P.O. Box: 12622, Giza, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marwa Salah Abdel-Hamid
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, 5 Zone, Sadat City, Munofia, Egypt
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Ben Mansour F, Ayadi H, van Pelt J, Elfeki A, Bellassoued K. Antioxidant and Protective Effect of Ocimum basilicum Seeds Extract on Renal Toxicity Induced by Carbon Tetrachloride in Rats. J Med Food 2024; 27:60-71. [PMID: 38150214 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2023.0184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) is distributed worldwide and used in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries. Most applications are for the herb basil, recently the basil seeds have also been used commercially; however, little is known about the nutritional and functional properties of the seeds. The present study aimed to investigate a possible protective effect of the methanol extract of O. basilicum seeds (MEOB), based on its phytochemical content, against kidney toxicity induced by CCl4 in adult rats. A single dose of CCl4 was used to induce oxidative stress in rats, which was demonstrated by a significant rise of serum enzyme markers. MEOB was administrated for 15 consecutive days (200 mg/kg body weight) to Wistar rats before CCl4 treatment and the effects on serum urea, creatinine, and uric acid, as well as the kidney superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione activity and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and protein carbonyl (PCO) levels were evaluated. In addition, histopathological examinations of kidneys were performed. In the positive control group, CCl4 induced an increase in serum biochemical parameters and triggered oxidative stress in the kidney. MEOB (200 mg/kg BW) resulted in significant reduction of CCl4-elevated levels of kidney markers, urea and creatinine, and a significant increase of uric acid compared with the CCl4-only group. In addition, MEOB pretreatment resulted in a significant reduction in lipid peroxidation and PCO levels in renal tissue compared with CCl4-exposed group. MEOB definitely could prevent the development of pathological changes in the kidneys. Overall, we conclude that MEOB is effective in protecting renal function from CCl4 toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Ben Mansour
- Laboratory of Biodiversity and Aquatic Ecosystems, Ecology and Planktonology, Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax Tunisia, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Habib Ayadi
- Laboratory of Biodiversity and Aquatic Ecosystems, Ecology and Planktonology, Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax Tunisia, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Jos van Pelt
- Laboratory of Clinical Digestive Oncology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Louvain, Belgium
| | - Abdelfattah Elfeki
- Animal Ecophysiology Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax Tunisia, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Khaled Bellassoued
- Animal Ecophysiology Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax Tunisia, Sfax, Tunisia
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Inai Y, Izawa T, Kamei T, Fujiwara S, Tanaka M, Yamate J, Kuwamura M. Difference in the Mechanism of Iron Overload-Enhanced Acute Hepatotoxicity Induced by Thioacetamide and Carbon Tetrachloride in Rats. Toxicol Pathol 2024; 52:55-66. [PMID: 38528719 DOI: 10.1177/01926233241235623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Iron overload has been recognized as a risk factor for liver disease; however, little is known about its pathological role in the modification of liver injury. The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of iron overload on liver injury induced by two hepatotoxicants with different pathogenesis in rats. Rats were fed a control (Cont), 0.8% high-iron (0.8% Fe), or 1% high-iron diet (1% Fe) for 4 weeks and were then administered with saline, thioacetamide (TAA), or carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). Hepatic and systemic iron overload were seen in the 0.8% and 1% Fe groups. Twenty-four hours after administration, hepatocellular necrosis induced by TAA and hepatocellular necrosis, degeneration, and vacuolation induced by CCl4, as well as serum transaminase values, were exacerbated in the 0.8% and 1% Fe groups compared to the Cont group. On the other hand, microvesicular vacuolation induced by CCl4 was decreased in 0.8% and 1% Fe groups. Hepatocellular DNA damage was increased by iron overload in both models, whereas a synergistic effect of oxidative stress by excess iron and hepatotoxicant was only present in the CCl4 model. The data showed that dietary iron overload exacerbates TAA- and CCl4-induced acute liver injury with different mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Inai
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takeshi Izawa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomomi Kamei
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Sho Fujiwara
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Miyuu Tanaka
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jyoji Yamate
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Kuwamura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
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Abstract
This study investigated how goal-directed and habitual behaviors recover after extinction within the context of the resurgence effect, a form of relapse induced by the removal or worsening of alternative reinforcement. Rats were trained to press a target lever with one reinforcer (O1) for either minimal (4) or extended (16) sessions. An extinction test after the completion of O1 devaluation confirmed that minimal and extended training formed goal-directed and habitual behaviors, respectively. Then, pressing an alternative lever was reinforced with a second reinforcer (O2) while the target response was placed on extinction. When O2 was discontinued, the minimally trained target response resurged with goal-directed status as in the extinction test. However, the extinguished habitual behavior in the extensively trained rats did not recover as a habit but instead with goal-directed status, possibly due to the context specificity of habits or the introduction of a new response-reinforcer contingency. The critical finding that reinforcer devaluation consistently led to less resurgence regardless of the amount of acquisition training provides a clinical implication that coupling differential-reinforcement-of-alternative-behavior (DRA) treatments with the devaluation of the associated reinforcer of problematic behavior could effectively diminish its recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ting Hu
- Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
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Valente-Santos J, Vitorino R, Sousa-Mendes C, Oliveira P, Colaço B, Faustino-Rocha AI, Neuparth MJ, Leite-Moreira A, Duarte JA, Ferreira R, Amado F. Long-Term Exposure to Supraphysiological Levels of Testosterone Impacts Rat Submandibular Gland Proteome. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:550. [PMID: 38203721 PMCID: PMC10778877 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The salivary glands play a central role in the secretion of saliva, whose composition and volume affect oral and overall health. A lesser-explored dimension encompasses the possible changes in salivary gland proteomes in response to fluctuations in sex hormone levels. This study aimed to examine the effects of chronic exposure to testosterone on salivary gland remodeling, particularly focusing on proteomic adaptations. Therefore, male Wistar rats were implanted with subcutaneous testosterone-releasing devices at 14 weeks of age. Their submandibular glands were histologically and molecularly analyzed 47 weeks later. The results underscored a significant increase in gland mass after testosterone exposure, further supported by histologic evidence of granular duct enlargement. Despite increased circulating sex hormones, there was no detectable shift in the tissue levels of estrogen alpha and androgen receptors. GeLC-MS/MS and subsequent bioinformatics identified 308 proteins in the submandibular glands, 12 of which were modulated by testosterone. Of note was the pronounced upregulation of Klk3 and the downregulation of Klk6 and Klk7 after testosterone exposure. Protein-protein interaction analysis with the androgen receptor suggests that Klk3 is a potential target of androgenic signaling, paralleling previous findings in the prostate. This exploratory analysis sheds light on the response of salivary glands to testosterone exposure, providing proteome-level insights into the associated weight and histological changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Valente-Santos
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (J.V.-S.); (R.F.)
| | - Rui Vitorino
- Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine-iBiMED, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
| | - Cláudia Sousa-Mendes
- UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; (C.S.-M.); (A.L.-M.)
| | - Paula Oliveira
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Inov4Agro, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (P.O.); (A.I.F.-R.)
| | - Bruno Colaço
- Veterinary and Animal Research Centre (CECAV), Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), Department of Animal Science, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
| | - Ana I. Faustino-Rocha
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Inov4Agro, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (P.O.); (A.I.F.-R.)
- Comprehensive Health Research Center, Department of Zootechnics, School of Sciences and Technology, University of Évora, 7006-554 Évora, Portugal
| | - Maria João Neuparth
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Research Center in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal; (M.J.N.); (J.A.D.)
- TOXRUN—Toxicology Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences, CESPU, CRL, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
| | - Adelino Leite-Moreira
- UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; (C.S.-M.); (A.L.-M.)
| | - José Alberto Duarte
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Research Center in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal; (M.J.N.); (J.A.D.)
- TOXRUN—Toxicology Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences, CESPU, CRL, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
| | - Rita Ferreira
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (J.V.-S.); (R.F.)
| | - Francisco Amado
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (J.V.-S.); (R.F.)
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Oczkowski M, Dziendzikowska K, Gromadzka-Ostrowska J, Rakowski M, Kruszewski M. Does Nanosilver Exposure Modulate Steroid Metabolism in the Testes?-A Possible Role of Redox Balance Disruption. Biomedicines 2023; 12:73. [PMID: 38255180 PMCID: PMC10813145 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are a popular engineered nanomaterial widely used in industry. Despite the benefits they bring to society, AgNPs are not neutral to human health. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a single intravenous dose (5 mg/kg body weight) of 20 nm AgNPs on steroid metabolism and redox balance in the testes of adult rats. The effects were evaluated 1 day or 28 days after intervention and compared with saline-treated animals. Decreased aromatase and estrogen receptor α levels (by 21% and 27%, respectively) were observed 1 day after AgNPs administration, while increased testosterone, increased dihydrotestosterone levels, higher androgen receptors and higher aromatase expression in Leydig cells (by 43%, 50%, 20% and 32%, respectively) as well as lower (by 35%) androgen receptor protein levels were observed 28 days after exposure to AgNPs compared to control groups. The AgNPs treatment resulted in decreased superoxide dismutase activity, decreased GSH/GSSG ratio, and increased glutathione reductase activity (by 23%, 63% and 28%, respectively) compared to control animals, irrespective of the time of measurement. Increased (by 28%) intratesticular lipid hydroperoxides level was observed 1 day after AgNPs exposure, while decreased (by 70%) GSH and increased (by 43%) 7-ketocholesterol levels were observed 28 days after treatment compared to control animals. Conclusions: AgNPs exposure caused redox imbalance in the gonads shortly after AgNPs administration, while a longer perspective AgNPs exposure was associated with impaired androgen metabolism, probably due to increased oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Oczkowski
- Department of Dietetics, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS-SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159C, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (K.D.); (J.G.-O.)
| | - Katarzyna Dziendzikowska
- Department of Dietetics, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS-SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159C, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (K.D.); (J.G.-O.)
| | - Joanna Gromadzka-Ostrowska
- Department of Dietetics, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS-SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159C, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (K.D.); (J.G.-O.)
| | - Michał Rakowski
- Cytometry Laboratory, Department of Oncobiology and Epigenetics, Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Marcin Kruszewski
- Centre for Radiobiology and Biological Dosimetry, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16, 03-195 Warsaw, Poland;
- Department of Molecular Biology and Translational Research, Institute of Rural Health, Jaczewskiego 2, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
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108
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Saito R, Inagaki A, Nakamura Y, Imura T, Kanai N, Mitsugashira H, Endo Kumata Y, Katano T, Suzuki S, Tokodai K, Kamei T, Unno M, Watanabe K, Tabata Y, Goto M. A Gelatin Hydrogel Nonwoven Fabric Enhances Subcutaneous Islet Engraftment in Rats. Cells 2023; 13:51. [PMID: 38201255 PMCID: PMC10777905 DOI: 10.3390/cells13010051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Although subcutaneous islet transplantation has many advantages, the subcutaneous space is poor in vessels and transplant efficiency is still low in animal models, except in mice. Subcutaneous islet transplantation using a two-step approach has been proposed, in which a favorable cavity is first prepared using various materials, followed by islet transplantation into the preformed cavity. We previously reported the efficacy of pretreatment using gelatin hydrogel nonwoven fabric (GHNF), and the length of the pretreatment period influenced the results in a mouse model. We investigated whether the preimplantation of GHNF could improve the subcutaneous islet transplantation outcomes in a rat model. GHNF sheets sandwiching a silicone spacer (GHNF group) and silicone spacers without GHNF sheets (control group) were implanted into the subcutaneous space of recipients three weeks before islet transplantation, and diabetes was induced seven days before islet transplantation. Syngeneic islets were transplanted into the space where the silicone spacer was removed. Blood glucose levels, glucose tolerance, immunohistochemistry, and neovascularization were evaluated. The GHNF group showed significantly better blood glucose changes than the control group (p < 0.01). The cure rate was significantly higher in the GHNF group (p < 0.05). The number of vWF-positive vessels was significantly higher in the GHNF group (p < 0.01), and lectin angiography showed the same tendency (p < 0.05). The expression of laminin and collagen III around the transplanted islets was also higher in the GHNF group (p < 0.01). GHNF pretreatment was effective in a rat model, and the main mechanisms might be neovascularization and compensation of the extracellular matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryusuke Saito
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-0872, Japan; (R.S.)
| | - Akiko Inagaki
- Division of Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Nakamura
- Division of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai 983-8536, Japan
| | - Takehiro Imura
- Division of Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Norifumi Kanai
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-0872, Japan; (R.S.)
| | - Hiroaki Mitsugashira
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-0872, Japan; (R.S.)
| | - Yukiko Endo Kumata
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-0872, Japan; (R.S.)
| | - Takumi Katano
- Division of Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Shoki Suzuki
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-0872, Japan; (R.S.)
| | - Kazuaki Tokodai
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-0872, Japan; (R.S.)
| | - Takashi Kamei
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-0872, Japan; (R.S.)
| | - Michiaki Unno
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-0872, Japan; (R.S.)
| | - Kimiko Watanabe
- Division of Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Tabata
- Laboratory of Biomaterials, Department of Regeneration Science and Engineering, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences (LiMe), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Masafumi Goto
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-0872, Japan; (R.S.)
- Division of Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
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Jarovi J, Pilkiw M, Takehara-Nishiuchi K. Prefrontal neuronal ensembles link prior knowledge with novel actions during flexible action selection. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113492. [PMID: 37999978 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
We make decisions based on currently perceivable information or an internal model of the environment. The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and its interaction with the hippocampus have been implicated in the latter, model-based decision-making; however, the underlying computational properties remain incompletely understood. We have examined mPFC spiking and hippocampal oscillatory activity while rats flexibly select new actions using a known associative structure of environmental cues and outcomes. During action selection, the mPFC reinstates representations of the associative structure. These awake reactivation events are accompanied by synchronous firings among neurons coding the associative structure and those coding actions. Moreover, their functional coupling is strengthened upon the reactivation events leading to adaptive actions. In contrast, only cue-coding neurons improve functional coupling during hippocampal sharp wave ripples. Thus, the lack of direct experience disconnects the mPFC from the hippocampus to independently form self-organized neuronal ensemble dynamics linking prior knowledge with novel actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Jarovi
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G5, Canada
| | - Maryna Pilkiw
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G5, Canada
| | - Kaori Takehara-Nishiuchi
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G5, Canada; Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G3, Canada; Collaborative Program in Neuroscience, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.
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Salim EI, Abdel-Halim KY, El-Mahalawy ME, Badr HA, Ahmed H. Tissue Distribution, Pharmacokinetics, and Effect of Hematological and Biochemical Parameters of Acute Intravenous Administration of Silver Nanoparticles in Rats. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 14:29. [PMID: 38202484 PMCID: PMC10780562 DOI: 10.3390/nano14010029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
The widespread biomedical and commercial applications of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have increased their potential for human and environmental exposure and toxicity to human health. The bio-distribution and toxicity of AgNPs in rodents following inhalation, intratracheal instillation, and oral ingestion are well documented; however, little is known about the bio-distribution of intravenously (IV)-administered AgNPs and their organ-specific pathophysiological effects. Here, we investigate the pharmacokinetic pattern and tissue distribution of AgNPs in male rats following IV administration. The animals were humanely sacrificed after 10 min, 1 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h, and 168 h of AgNP administration, and the silver (Ag) content was measured from blood samples and various tissues following acid digestion. The AgNPs were readily absorbed and subsequently distributed into most organs predominantly in the colon, small intestine, kidney, and heart after 6 h; however, they were the highest in the spinal cord after 168 h. White blood cells (WBCs) were significantly increased (42-60%) in AgNP-administered animals at all time points except 10 min. Regarding platelets, all AgNP-administered animals showed counts 7.8-39.2% lower, with the lowest count at 168 h post-administration. In the case of lymphocytes (LYMs), the AgNP-treated animals exhibited a count 19.5-41% lower at 10 min and 1 h post-administration; however, the animals at 168 h post-administration showed a count 30.5% more. The mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) counts from the AgNP-treated animals were decreased by 50-62%. The concentrations of aspartate transaminase (AST), urea, and creatinine were increased in the AgNP-treated animals. Taken together, the results suggest that the acute IV administration of AgNPs alters metabolic and hematological parameters in animals and may pose a health risk to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsayed I. Salim
- Research Laboratory of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt; (E.I.S.); (M.E.E.-M.)
| | - Khaled Y. Abdel-Halim
- Mammalian & Aquatic Toxicology Department, Central Agricultural Pesticides Laboratory (CAPL), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Dokki, Giza 12618, Egypt;
| | - Mostafa E. El-Mahalawy
- Research Laboratory of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt; (E.I.S.); (M.E.E.-M.)
| | - Haitham A. Badr
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt;
| | - Hafiz Ahmed
- GlycoMantra Inc., 1450 South Rolling Road, Baltimore, MD 21227, USA
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Kubota N, Hori S, Ishizuka S. Differences in iron balance observed with dietary cholic acid supplementation and marginal iron deficiency in rats. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2023; 88:79-85. [PMID: 37813822 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbad140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
We investigated whether a cholic acid (CA)-supplemented diet and marginal iron deficiency (MID) diet influence hepatic lipid accumulation and iron balance in rats for 2 weeks. The CA diet enhanced hepatic lipid accumulation and modulated iron metabolism such as enhancement of fecal iron excretion, reduction in iron absorption, and no alteration in plasma iron levels. The MID diet did not alter hepatic lipid concentrations with reduced iron concentration in the liver and plasma. In combination, influence of the CA supplementation on the hepatic iron concentration was opposite between iron-sufficient and MID conditions. In the liver, the CA diet enhanced lipocalin 2 expression, whereas the MID diet enhanced transferrin receptor 1 expression and reduced hepcidin expression. This study revealed an involvement of 12-hydroxylated bile acids in regulation of hepatic iron concentration under MID condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natsuki Kubota
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shota Hori
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ishizuka
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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Finnie JW. Clostridium perfringens Type D Epsilon Toxin Causes Blood-Retinal Barrier Microvascular Damage and Diffuse Retinal Vasogenic Oedema. Vet Sci 2023; 11:2. [PMID: 38275918 PMCID: PMC10818779 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci11010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Clostridium perfringens type D epsilon toxin (ETX) causes severe retinal microvascular endothelial injury in the rat. The resulting blood-retinal barrier (BRB) breakdown leads to increased vascular permeability, which was detected immunohistochemically by the extravasation of plasma albumin as a vascular tracer, and ensuing severe, diffuse, vasogenic retinal oedema. This microvascular damage was also confirmed by a loss of endothelial barrier antigen, a marker of an intact BRB in rats. Since similar microvascular lesions are found in EXT-exposed laboratory rodent and sheep brains, and the BRB resembles the BBB, they are also likely to occur in the eyes of naturally epsilon-intoxicated sheep and goats, but this remains to be determined. Moreover, while retinal oedema is a common and important component of many human and veterinary ocular disorders, more effective treatments are required. Accordingly, the retinal vasogenic oedema reliably and reproducibly induced by ETX in rats provides a useful model in which to study the pathogenesis of retinal oedema development and evaluate its prevention or amelioration by putative pharmacological interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- John W Finnie
- Division of Research and Innovation, School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
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Zhang C, Wang H, Chen DY, Zhao K, Wang W, Li MX. Effects of diquafosol sodium in povidone iodine-induced dry eye model. Int J Ophthalmol 2023; 16:1919-1927. [PMID: 38111924 PMCID: PMC10700065 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2023.12.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the effects of diquafosol sodium (DQS) for dry eye model induced with povidone-iodine (PI) solution. METHODS Ten Sprague Dawley rats as the control group. Thirty Sprague Dawley rats were used to establish the dry eye model with stimulation of 10 g/L PI for 14d, then divided rats into three groups: dry eye group with no treatment (DED group, n=10); phosphate buffer saline treated group (PBS group, n=10); diquafosol treated group (DQS group, n=10). Clinical changes were observed by tear production test, fluorescein staining, tear break-up time (TBUT) test, corneal confocal microscope and ocular surface comprehensive analyzer. Eyeballs were collected on day 10 of treatment for hematoxylin-eosin (HE), periodic acid-Schiff (PAS), and alcian blue staining. TUNEL assay, polymorphonuclear (PMN) and mucin 1 (MUC1) immunofluorescence were performed and corneal ultrastructural changes were detected by electron microscopy. RESULTS Compared with DED and PBS groups, tear production (7.26±0.440 vs 4.07±0.474 mm; 7.26±0.440 vs 3.74±0.280 mm; all P<0.01) and TBUT (7.37±0.383s vs 1.49±0.260s; 7.37±0.383s vs 1.42±0.437s; all P<0.01) were significantly increased in DQS group. HE, PAS, and alcian blue staining and MUC1 immunofluorescence showed mucins and conjunctival goblet cells density (8.45±0.718 vs 5.21±0.813 cells/0.1 mm2; 8.45±0.718 vs 5.36±0.615 cells/0.1 mm2; all P<0.01) increased in DQS group. Confocal microscopy, PMN immunofluorescence and TUNEL staining showed inflammatory infiltration and corneal epithelial cells apoptosis decreased in DQS group. The increased number of microvilli in corneal epithelial and the recovered cell junction were observed in DQS group. CONCLUSION PI instillation can induce goblet cells and mucin loss, epithelial cell apoptosis and inflammation, which are consistent with the pathological manifestations of dry eye. Diquafosol can repair the ocular surface damage caused by PI, reduce corneal inflammation, inhibit corneal epithelial cell apoptosis, promote mucin secretion and maintain tear film stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang 222000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - He Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Dong-Yan Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zhang Ye People's Hospital Affiliated to Hexi University, Zhangye 734000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Kai Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang 222000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ming-Xin Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu Province, China
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Rao X, Xing Y, Ji C, Guo J, Li HB, Xie C, Bai J, Wang X, Li Y, Zhao J. Efficacy of moxibustion in diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome model rats: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1309661. [PMID: 38162185 PMCID: PMC10757337 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1309661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective: To systematically evaluate the efficacy of moxibustion in diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) model rats. Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted in the China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang Data, VIP, PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases from their inception to June 30, 2023. Relevant animal experiments investigating moxibustion for treating IBS-D in model rats were included. Two independent researchers screened the literature, extracted data, and evaluated the risk of bias in the selected studies. The meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software. Results: In total, 21 animal studies comprising 680 model rats were included. The meta-analysis results demonstrated that moxibustion enhanced the threshold capacity of the abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR) [standardized mean difference (SMD) = 1.84; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.09, 2.60; p < 0.00001], ameliorated the rate of loose stool (SMD = -4.03; 95% CI: -5.76, -2.30; p < 0.00001), and decreased the colon 5-hydroxytryptamine (SMD = -3.67; 95% CI: -5.33, -2.01; p < 0.00001), serum interleukin-1β (SMD = -3.24, 95% CI: -4.06, -2.41; p < 0.00001), serum tumor necrosis factor-α (SMD = -2.35, 95% CI: -4.12, -0.58; p < 0.00001), and serum substance P (SMD = -5.14, 95% CI: -8.45, -1.83; p = 0.002) concentrations. Moxibustion did not affect the blood calcitonin gene-related peptide level compared to the blank model group (p = 0.15). Conclusion: Moxibustion modulated the brain-gut interaction, reduced visceral hypersensitivity, inhibited intestinal inflammation, and regulated the immune balance, improving the rate of loose stool and increasing the AWR threshold capacity in IBS-D model rats, achieving good analgesic and antidiarrheal effects. However, these conclusions require further validation due to limitations in the quantity and quality of the included studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Rao
- College of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shaanxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi’an, China
| | - Yu Xing
- College of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shaanxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi’an, China
| | - Changchun Ji
- College of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shaanxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi’an, China
| | - Jixing Guo
- College of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shaanxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi’an, China
| | - Hong-Bao Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Xi’an Jiaotong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an, China
| | - Chaoju Xie
- College of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shaanxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi’an, China
| | - Juan Bai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Brian Science, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xuejiao Wang
- College of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shaanxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi’an, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Xi’an Jiaotong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an, China
| | - Jingyu Zhao
- College of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Xi’an Jiaotong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an, China
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Xi’an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi’an, China
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Grzelak N, Kaczmarek D, Mrówczyński W. Comparison of the effects of BDNF/TRKB signalling on metabolic biomarkers in the liver of sedentary and trained rats with normal and knockout BDNF genotypes. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1268648. [PMID: 38152248 PMCID: PMC10751318 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1268648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The effect of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) on the modulation of metabolic processes in the liver is poorly understood. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate whether hepatic concentrations or activities of metabolic biomarkers depend on altered BDNF/TrkB content in the liver, resulting from different BDNF genotypes of rats. In addition, it was assessed whether 5-week moderate endurance training modifies the levels of BDNF/Trk-B signaling and studied hepatic markers. Methods: Experiments were performed on wild-type and heterozygous BDNF knockout (HET, SD-Bdnf) rats, which were divided into four groups: control with normal genotype (Bdnf+/+), control with BDNF knockout genotype (Bdnf+/-), trained with normal genotype (Bdnf+/+T) and trained with BDNF knockout genotype (Bdnf +/-T). BDNF/TrkB concentrations as well as selected metabolic biomarkers including lipids-total cholesterol (CHOL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triglycerides (TG); enzymes-alanine aminotransferase (ALAT), aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alkaline phosphatase (ALP); hormones-insulin (INS) and leptin (LEPT) as well as interleukin-6 (IL-6) as regeneration indicator were measured directly in liver homogenates. Results and Discussion: The study showed that Bdnf+/- rats exhibited reduced BDNF/TrkB signaling (BDNF, p < 0.0001; Trk-B, p = 0.0005), altered lipid levels (CHOL, p < 0.0001; LDL, p < 0.0001; TG, p = 0.0006) and reduced hepatic ALAT (p = 0.0004) and GGT (p < 0.0001) activity, which may contribute to hepatic steatosis and obesity, as well as indicate impairment of specific metabolic pathways in the liver. Interestingly, endurance training did not alter hepatic BDNF and TrkB content, but improved ALAT (p = 0.0366) and ASAT (p = 0.0191) activities and increased hepatic IL-6 (p = 0.0422) levels in Bdnf +/- rats, suggesting enhanced liver regeneration in animals with BDNF allele loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norbert Grzelak
- Department of Neurobiology, Poznań University of Physical Education, Poznań, Poland
| | - Dominik Kaczmarek
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Poznań University of Physical Education, Poznań, Poland
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Martinovic J, Samardzic J, Zaric Kontic M, Ivkovic S, Dacic S, Major T, Radosavljevic M, Svob Strac D. Prolonged Zaleplon Treatment Increases the Expression of Proteins Involved in GABAergic and Glutamatergic Signaling in the Rat Hippocampus. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1707. [PMID: 38137155 PMCID: PMC10741523 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13121707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Zaleplon is a positive allosteric modulator of the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)A receptor approved for the short-term treatment of insomnia. Previous publications on zaleplon have not addressed the proteins involved in its mechanism of action but have mostly referred to behavioral or pharmacological studies. Since both GABAergic and glutamatergic signaling have been shown to regulate wakefulness and sleep, we examined the effects of prolonged zaleplon treatment (0.625 mg/kg for 5 days) on these systems in the hippocampus of male Wistar rats. Western blot and immunohistochemical analyses showed that the upregulated components of GABAergic signaling (glutamate decarboxylase, vesicular GABA transporter, GABA, and α1 subunit of the GABAA receptor) were accompanied by increased protein levels in the glutamatergic system (vesicular glutamate transporter 1 and NR1, NR2A, and NR2B subunits of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor). Our results, showing that zaleplon enhances GABA neurotransmission in the hippocampus, were not surprising. However, we found that treatment also increased glutamatergic signaling. This could be the result of the downregulation of adenosine A1 receptors, important modulators of the glutamatergic system. Further studies are needed to investigate the effects of the zaleplon-induced increase in hippocampal glutamatergic neurotransmission and the possible involvement of the adenosine system in zaleplon's mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Martinovic
- Department of Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, VINCA Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, P.O. Box 522-090, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.Z.K.); (S.I.)
| | - Janko Samardzic
- Institute of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (J.S.); (M.R.)
| | - Marina Zaric Kontic
- Department of Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, VINCA Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, P.O. Box 522-090, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.Z.K.); (S.I.)
| | - Sanja Ivkovic
- Department of Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, VINCA Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, P.O. Box 522-090, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.Z.K.); (S.I.)
| | - Sanja Dacic
- Department of General Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Physiology and Biochemistry “Ivan Djaja”, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Tamara Major
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Milica Radosavljevic
- Institute of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (J.S.); (M.R.)
| | - Dubravka Svob Strac
- Laboratory for Molecular Neuropsychiatry, Division of Molecular Medicine, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
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Nguyen TXD, Kuo CW, Peng CW, Liu HL, Chang MY, Hsieh TH. Transcranial burst electrical stimulation contributes to neuromodulatory effects in the rat motor cortex. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1303014. [PMID: 38146544 PMCID: PMC10749301 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1303014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and objective Transcranial Burst Electrical Stimulation (tBES) is an innovative non-invasive brain stimulation technique that combines direct current (DC) and theta burst stimulation (TBS) for brain neuromodulation. It has been suggested that the tBES protocol may efficiently induce neuroplasticity. However, few studies have systematically tested neuromodulatory effects and underlying neurophysiological mechanisms by manipulating the polarity of DC and TBS patterns. This study aimed to develop the platform and assess neuromodulatory effects and neuronal activity changes following tBES. Methods Five groups of rats were exposed to anodal DC combined with intermittent TBS (tBES+), cathodal DC combined with continuous TBS (tBES-), anodal and cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS+ and tDCS-), and sham groups. The neuromodulatory effects of each stimulation on motor cortical excitability were analyzed by motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) changes. We also investigated the effects of tBES on both excitatory and inhibitory neural biomarkers. We specifically examined c-Fos and glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD-65) using immunohistochemistry staining techniques. Additionally, we evaluated the safety of tBES by analyzing glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression. Results Our findings demonstrated significant impacts of tBES on motor cortical excitability up to 30 min post-stimulation. Specifically, MEPs significantly increased after tBES (+) compared to pre-stimulation (p = 0.026) and sham condition (p = 0.025). Conversely, tBES (-) led to a notable decrease in MEPs relative to baseline (p = 0.04) and sham condition (p = 0.048). Although tBES showed a more favorable neuromodulatory effect than tDCS, statistical analysis revealed no significant differences between these two groups (p > 0.05). Additionally, tBES (+) exhibited a significant activation of excitatory neurons, indicated by increased c-Fos expression (p < 0.05), and a reduction in GAD-65 density (p < 0.05). tBES (-) promoted GAD-65 expression (p < 0.05) while inhibiting c-Fos activation (p < 0.05), suggesting the involvement of cortical inhibition with tBES (-). The expression of GFAP showed no significant difference between tBES and sham conditions (p > 0.05), indicating that tBES did not induce neural injury in the stimulated regions. Conclusion Our study indicates that tBES effectively modulates motor cortical excitability. This research significantly contributes to a better understanding of the neuromodulatory effects of tBES, and could provide valuable evidence for its potential clinical applications in treating neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Xuan Dieu Nguyen
- School of Physical Therapy and Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Wei Kuo
- School of Physical Therapy and Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wei Peng
- School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Li Liu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Yuan Chang
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Min-Sheng General Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Hsun Hsieh
- School of Physical Therapy and Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Neuroscience Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Li Y, Zhang J. Binaural advantages in sound temporal information processing by neurons in the rat inferior colliculus. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1308052. [PMID: 38125407 PMCID: PMC10731313 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1308052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies on the advantages of binaural hearing have long been focused on sound localization and spatial stream segregation. The binaural advantages have also been observed in speech perception in reverberation. Both human speech and animal vocalizations contain temporal features that are critical for speech perception and animal communication. However, whether there are binaural advantages for sound temporal information processing in the central auditory system has not been elucidated. Gap detection threshold (GDT), the ability to detect the shortest silent interval in a sound, has been widely used to measure the auditory temporal resolution. In the present study, we determined GDTs of rat inferior collicular neurons under both monaural and binaural hearing conditions. We found that the majority of the inferior collicular neurons in adult rats exhibited binaural advantages in gap detection, i.e., better neural gap detection ability in binaural hearing conditions compared to monaural hearing condition. However, this binaural advantage in sound temporal information processing was not significant in the inferior collicular neurons of P14-21 and P22-30 rats. Additionally, we also observed age-related changes in neural temporal acuity in the rat inferior colliculus. These results demonstrate a new advantage of binaural hearing (i.e., binaural advantage in temporal processing) in the central auditory system in addition to sound localization and spatial stream segregation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jiping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics, Ministry of Education, NYU-ECNU Institute of Brain and Cognitive Science at NYU Shanghai, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
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Balaha MF, Alamer AA, Aldossari RM, Aodah AH, Helal AI, Kabel AM. Amentoflavone Mitigates Cyclophosphamide-Induced Pulmonary Toxicity: Involvement of -SIRT-1/Nrf2/Keap1 Axis, JAK-2/STAT-3 Signaling, and Apoptosis. Medicina (Kaunas) 2023; 59:2119. [PMID: 38138222 PMCID: PMC10744450 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59122119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Background and objectives: Cyclophosphamide (CPA) is an alkylating agent that is used for the management of various types of malignancies and as an immunosuppressive agent for the treatment of immunological disorders. However, its use is limited by its potential to cause a wide range of pulmonary toxicities. Amentoflavone (AMV) is a flavonoid that had proven efficacy in the treatment of disease states in which oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis may play a pathophysiologic role. This study investigated the potential ameliorative effects of the different doses of AMV on CPA-induced pulmonary toxicity, with special emphasis on its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and apoptosis-modulating effects. Materials and methods: In a rat model of CPA-induced pulmonary toxicity, the effect of AMV at two dose levels (50 mg/kg/day and 100 mg/kg/day) was investigated. The total and differential leucocytic counts, lactate dehydrogenase activity, and levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were estimated. Also, the levels of oxidative stress parameters, sirtuin-1, Keap1, Nrf2, JAK2, STAT3, hydroxyproline, matrix metalloproteinases 3 and 9, autophagy markers, and the cleaved caspase 3 were assessed in the pulmonary tissues. In addition, the histopathological and electron microscopic changes in the pulmonary tissues were evaluated. Results: AMV dose-dependently ameliorated the pulmonary toxicities induced by CPA via modulation of the SIRT-1/Nrf2/Keap1 axis, mitigation of the inflammatory and fibrotic events, impaction of JAK-2/STAT-3 axis, and modulation of the autophagic and apoptotic signals. Conclusions: AMV may open new horizons towards the mitigation of the pulmonary toxicities induced by CPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed F. Balaha
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, El-Gish Street, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A. Alamer
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rana M. Aldossari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alhussain H. Aodah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Azza I. Helal
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M. Kabel
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, El-Gish Street, Tanta 31527, Egypt
- National Committee of Drugs, Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT), Ministry of Higher Education, Cairo 11694, Egypt
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Iwasaki S, Taniuchi T. Rats did not show evidence of prospective information-seeking: a pilot study. Front Behav Neurosci 2023; 17:1253780. [PMID: 38111475 PMCID: PMC10725935 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2023.1253780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Information-seeking behavior often features in research on metacognition in non-human animals; some species seek more information when they do not know the location of a food reward. Rats are known to do this in situations of uncertainty, but it is still unclear if they seek information prospectively for solving a later problem. In this study, we investigated rats' information-seeking responses in two areas that presented different cognitive challenges (N = 4). In one area, a memory task was presented in which rats could access a cue for a food reward during the information-seeking phase of a trial, but the cue was removed before the subsequent test phase. In the other area, a discrimination task presented a cue that was available in both the information-seeking and the test phases, so that it was not necessary to seek information prospectively. The memory and discrimination test trials were given in quasi-random order (Experiment 1). Rats explored in the memory task area no more than in the discrimination task area during the information-seeking phase, even after extensive training. When they were exposed exclusively to the memory task over multiple sessions (Experiment 2), they developed a strategy of exploring the available object cues. In Experiment 3, rats were found to stay longer in an area, which had an object than in other, less potentially informative areas; they were sensitive to the presence of information. Although these results did not support the existence of prospective information-seeking in rats, they do not necessarily imply that rats lack related abilities. This consideration is due to the constraints of the small sample size and the limited scope of the testing environment. Accumulating not only positive but also negative evidence would further understanding of the factors influencing metacognitive responses in non-human animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumie Iwasaki
- Institute of Human and Social Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Tohru Taniuchi
- Institute of Human and Social Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
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Bates JN, Getsy PM, Coffee GA, Baby SM, MacFarlane PM, Hsieh YH, Knauss ZT, Bubier JA, Mueller D, Lewis SJ. L-cysteine ethyl ester prevents and reverses acquired physical dependence on morphine in male Sprague Dawley rats. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1303207. [PMID: 38111383 PMCID: PMC10726967 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1303207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms underlying the acquisition of addiction/dependence on morphine may result from the ability of the opioid to diminish the transport of L-cysteine into neurons via inhibition of excitatory amino acid transporter 3 (EAA3). The objective of this study was to determine whether the co-administration of the cell-penetrant L-thiol ester, L-cysteine ethyl ester (L-CYSee), would reduce physical dependence on morphine in male Sprague Dawley rats. Injection of the opioid-receptor antagonist, naloxone HCl (NLX; 1.5 mg/kg, IP), elicited pronounced withdrawal phenomena in rats which received a subcutaneous depot of morphine (150 mg/kg) for 36 h and were receiving a continuous infusion of saline (20 μL/h, IV) via osmotic minipumps for the same 36 h period. The withdrawal phenomena included wet-dog shakes, jumping, rearing, fore-paw licking, 360° circling, writhing, apneas, cardiovascular (pressor and tachycardia) responses, hypothermia, and body weight loss. NLX elicited substantially reduced withdrawal syndrome in rats that received an infusion of L-CYSee (20.8 μmol/kg/h, IV) for 36 h. NLX precipitated a marked withdrawal syndrome in rats that had received subcutaneous depots of morphine (150 mg/kg) for 48 h) and a co-infusion of vehicle. However, the NLX-precipitated withdrawal signs were markedly reduced in morphine (150 mg/kg for 48 h)-treated rats that began receiving an infusion of L-CYSee (20.8 μmol/kg/h, IV) at 36 h. In similar studies to those described previously, neither L-cysteine nor L-serine ethyl ester (both at 20.8 μmol/kg/h, IV) mimicked the effects of L-CYSee. This study demonstrates that 1) L-CYSee attenuates the development of physical dependence on morphine in male rats and 2) prior administration of L-CYSee reverses morphine dependence, most likely by intracellular actions within the brain. The lack of the effect of L-serine ethyl ester (oxygen atom instead of sulfur atom) strongly implicates thiol biochemistry in the efficacy of L-CYSee. Accordingly, L-CYSee and analogs may be a novel class of therapeutics that ameliorate the development of physical dependence on opioids in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- James N. Bates
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Paulina M. Getsy
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Gregory A. Coffee
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Santhosh M. Baby
- Section of Biology, Galleon Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Horsham, PA, United States
| | - Peter M. MacFarlane
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Yee-Hsee Hsieh
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Zackery T. Knauss
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, United States
| | | | - Devin Mueller
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, United States
| | - Stephen J. Lewis
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Functional Electrical Stimulation Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
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Zhang Y, Chen Y, Wang S, Niu H, Yu H, Luo S. Histopathologic analysis of hyaluronic acid composite solution following intravascular injection: Variability and safety. J Cosmet Dermatol 2023; 22:3241-3245. [PMID: 37430464 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.15881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although a composite solution of non-crosslinked hyaluronic acid is generally considered safe, few studies have investigated its safety after intravascular injection. METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats were administered 0.05 mL of a non-crosslinked hyaluronic acid composite solution via intravascular injection into bilateral inferior epigastric arteries (IEA). Artery samples were obtained at multiple time points for histopathologic analysis. Bilateral abdominal flaps supplied by the IEA were lifted and the same dose of solution was injected into the artery, and flap survival was analyzed. RESULTS Histopathologic analysis showed that the non-crosslinked hyaluronic acid composite solution remained temporarily in the artery lumen following intravascular injection. With continuous blood flow, the filler gradually disintegrated and the artery became recanalized. At 24 h, no filler remained in the lumen. At 7 days after the filler was injected into the IEA feeding the flap, there was no significant difference between the experimental and control groups with respect to flap survival rate. CONCLUSIONS Non-crosslinked hyaluronic acid composite solution is relatively safe when a minimal volume is administered by intravascular injection. The filler will remain in the vessel for a short time, after which the vessel recanalizes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youliang Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yin Chen
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shiwei Wang
- Department of Medical Department, Imeik Technology Development Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Huanyun Niu
- Department of Medical Department, Imeik Technology Development Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Hao Yu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shengkang Luo
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
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Makav M, Kuru M, Aras ŞY, Sarı EK, Bulut M, Alwazeer D. The effect of hydrogen-rich water on letrozole-induced polycystic ovary syndrome in rats. Reprod Biomed Online 2023; 47:103332. [PMID: 37797471 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2023.103332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
RESEARCH QUESTION What is the effect of hydrogen-rich water on rats with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)? DESIGN Female rats were divided into four groups, each consisting of eight animals. The control group received a carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) solution, the molecular hydrogen (H2) group was given hydrogen-rich water and a CMC solution, the PCOS group was administered letrozole dissolved in a CMC solution and the PCOS + H2 group was given hydrogen-rich water and letrozole dissolved in a CMC solution. Blood and tissue samples were then collected, and biochemical and histopathological analyses were conducted on the samples. RESULTS The histopathological analysis showed a reduction in the number of cysts in the PCOS + H2 group compared with the PCOS group (P < 0.0001). Additionally, the malondialdehyde, cortisol and testosterone data revealed a significant decrease in the PCOS + H2 group compared with the PCOS group (P = 0.0458, P = 0.0003, P = 0.0041, respectively). The glutathione also showed a statistically significant increase in the PCOS + H2 group compared with the PCOS group (P = 0.0012). CONCLUSION The study findings demonstrate that hydrogen-rich water reduces the number of cysts and oxidative damage in rats with PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Makav
- Kafkas University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Physiology, Kars, Turkey..
| | - Mushap Kuru
- Kafkas University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kars, Turkey
| | - Şükran Yediel Aras
- Kafkas University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Midwifery, Kars, Turkey
| | - Ebru Karadağ Sarı
- Kafkas University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Histology-Embryology, Kars, Turkey
| | - Menekşe Bulut
- Iğdır University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Food Engineering, Iğdır, Turkey
| | - Duried Alwazeer
- Iğdır University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Iğdır, Turkey
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Elbanna R, Osman KA, Salama MS. Biomarkers of oral subacute toxicity of deltamethrin in exposed male Albino rats. Toxicol Ind Health 2023; 39:735-753. [PMID: 37877786 DOI: 10.1177/07482337231209360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Deltamethrin is one of the most effective pyrethroid compounds, widely employed in veterinary medicine, public health, and farming. Deltamethrin-triggered oxidative stress largely causes serious harm to an organism. Acute toxicity of this compound was extensively investigated, while less information is available on its oral sub-acute effects. This study assessed, in the male Albino rats, the effects of oral gavage of either 0.874 mg/kg (0.01 LD50) or 8.740 mg/kg (0.10 LD50) of deltamethrin for successive 14 days to investigate its effects on biomarkers and to detect the tissue injury in rats following subacute deltamethrin treatment. It was found that levels of glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase in the brain, kidney, and liver, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and uric acid in serum, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), white blood cells (WBC)s, eosinophils, and basophils were significantly reduced compared with untreated rats. However, when rats were treated with deltamethrin for successive 14 days, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities in serum and the levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs) in brain, kidney, and liver, red blood cell distribution width (RDW-CV), total protein, monocytes, and basophils and the ratios of neutrophils to lymphocytes, an aggregated marker of systemic inflammation and systemic immune inflammation indexes, significantly increased compared with the control group. Histologic lesions were observed in the liver, kidney, brain, testis, and epidemies in rats exposed to subacute deltamethrin for 14 days, and most tissues of rats treated with 0.10 LD50 of deltamethrin were more affected than those treated with 0.01 LD50. These findings strongly suggest that subacute exposure to deltamethrin caused significant systemic toxicity through oxidative stress resulting in biochemical and histological changes in the studied tissues. These findings highlight the potential harmful effects of deltamethrin and emphasize the importance of understanding the subacute effects of this compound, particularly in the context of veterinary medicine, public health, and farming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania Elbanna
- Department of Pesticide Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Khaled A Osman
- Department of Pesticide Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Maher S Salama
- Department of Pesticide Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Komboz F, Mehsein Z, Kobaïter-Maarrawi S, Chehade HD, Maarrawi J. Epidural Posterior Insular Stimulation Alleviates Neuropathic Pain Manifestations in Rats With Spared Nerve Injury Through Endogenous Opioid System. Neuromodulation 2023; 26:1602-1611. [PMID: 35219569 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurom.2022.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Neuropathic pain (NP) is defined as constant disabling pain secondary to a lesion or disease of the somatosensory nervous system. This condition is particularly difficult to treat because it often remains resistant to most treatment strategies. Despite the recent diversification of neurostimulation methods, some patients still suffer from refractory pain syndromes. The central role of the posterior insular cortex (PI) in the modulation of pain signaling and perception has been repeatedly suggested. The objective of this study is to assess whether epidural insular stimulation (IS) could reverse NP behavior. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 53 adult Sprague-Dawley rats received left-sided spared nerve injury (SNI) or Sham-SNI to induce NP symptoms. Afterward, epidural electrodes were implanted over the right PI. After two weeks of postoperative recovery, three groups of SNI-operated rats each received a different stimulation modality: Sham-IS, low-frequency-IS (LF-IS), or high-frequency-IS (HF-IS). Behavioral and functional tests were conducted before and after IS. They comprised the acetone test, pinprick test, von Frey test, and sciatic functional index. An additional LF-IS group received a dose of opioid antagonist naloxone before IS. Intergroup means were compared through independent-samples t-tests, and pre- and post-IS means in the same group were compared through paired t-tests. RESULTS We found a significant reduction of cold allodynia (p = 0.019), mechanical hyperalgesia (p = 0.040), and functional disability (p = 0.005) after LF-IS but not HF-IS. Mechanical allodynia only showed a tendency to decrease after LF-IS. The observed analgesic effects were reversed by opioid antagonist administration. CONCLUSION These results suggest a significant reversal of NP symptoms after LF-IS and offer additional evidence that IS might be beneficial in the treatment of resistant NP syndromes through endogenous opioid secretion. Relying on our novel epidural IS model, further fine tuning of stimulation parameters might be necessary to achieve optimal therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fares Komboz
- Laboratory of Research in Neuroscience, Pôle Technologie Santé, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Zeinab Mehsein
- Laboratory of Research in Neuroscience, Pôle Technologie Santé, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sandra Kobaïter-Maarrawi
- Laboratory of Research in Neuroscience, Pôle Technologie Santé, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Hiba-Douja Chehade
- Laboratory of Research in Neuroscience, Pôle Technologie Santé, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Joseph Maarrawi
- Laboratory of Research in Neuroscience, Pôle Technologie Santé, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon; Department of Neurosurgery, Hôtel-Dieu de France Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon
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Han DD, Rao P, Qiu H, Navabzadeh M, Wang X, Goyal N, Mohammadi L, Huang A, Perez BG, Schick SF, Springer ML. Impairment of Endothelial Function by Cigarette Smoke and e-Cigarette Aerosol Requires RAGE. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2023; 43:2369-2371. [PMID: 37795616 PMCID: PMC10841038 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.123.319514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel D. Han
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
- Present address: School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY
| | - Poonam Rao
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
- Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
- Present address: CHRISTUS Good Shepherd/Texas A&M University Internal Medicine Residency Program, Longview, TX
| | - Huiliang Qiu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
- Present address: Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ
| | - Mina Navabzadeh
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Xiaoyin Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Natasha Goyal
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Leila Mohammadi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Abel Huang
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Bryanna G. Perez
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Suzaynn F. Schick
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Matthew L. Springer
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
- Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
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Gotoh D, Torimoto K, Onishi K, Morizawa Y, Hori S, Nakai Y, Miyake M, Fujimoto K, Yoshimura N. Impaired nitric oxide mechanisms underlying lower urinary tract dysfunction in aging rats. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2023; 325:F750-F756. [PMID: 37767570 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00092.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to investigate the bladder and urethral activity and nitric oxide (NO)-related molecular changes in aging rats. Rats were divided into two groups: Group Y (young rats; 12 wk) and Group A (aging rats; 15 mo). A 24-h voiding assay was performed, and the urodynamic parameters were evaluated using awake cystometry (CMG) and urethral perfusion pressure (UPP) recordings under urethane anesthesia. The mRNA expression levels of NO-, ischemia-, and inflammation-related markers in urethra and bladder tissues and cGMP levels in the urethra were assessed. Body weight was significantly higher in Group A than in Group Y. Voiding assay results (24 h) were insignificant. In the CMG, the number of non-voiding contractions per voiding cycle and post-void residual volume were significantly higher in Group A than in Group Y; voiding efficiency was significantly lower in Group A than in Group Y. In the UPP recordings, the urethral pressure reduction and high-frequency oscillation (HFO) amplitude were significantly lower in Group A than in Group Y. The mRNA expression levels of Hif-1α, Vegf-a, and Tgf-β1 in the bladder were significantly higher in Group A than in Group Y. The mRNA expression levels of Nos1 and Prkg1 and the cGMP concentrations in the urethra were significantly lower in Group A than in Group Y. Aging rats can be useful models for studying the natural progression of age-related lower urinary tract dysfunctions, for which impaired NO-mediated transmitter function is likely to be an important mechanism.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Aging rats can be useful models for studying the natural progression of age-related lower urinary tract dysfunctions, for which impaired nitric oxide-mediated transmitter function is likely to be an important mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Gotoh
- Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | | | - Kenta Onishi
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Yosuke Morizawa
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Shunta Hori
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Yasushi Nakai
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Makito Miyake
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | | | - Naoki Yoshimura
- Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
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Abdel-Wahab WM, Daifalla NS, Essawy AE. L-methionine protects against nephrotoxicity induced by methotrexate through modulation of redox status and inflammation. Redox Rep 2023; 28:2270886. [PMID: 37931136 PMCID: PMC10629423 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2023.2270886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Methotrexate (MTX) is a drug used in the treatment of cancer and autoimmune disorders; however, its clinical use is limited because of serious side effects including renal toxicity. This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of Lmethionine (L-Met) on MTX toxicity in the kidneys of rats.Methods: Thirty male rats were divided equally into five groups: control (saline), Met400 (400 mg/kg L-Met), MTX (20 mg/kg MTX), MTX-Met300 (300 mg/kg L-Met and 20 mg/kg MTX), and MTX-Met400 (400 mg/kg L-Met and 20 mg/kg MTX). Rats were euthanized one day after the last dose administration (day 16) and serum and renal tissue samples were collected. Renal function and injury indices, oxidative stress/antioxidant indices and proinflammatory cytokines were evaluated.Results: The results showed that L-Met could effectively counteract the nephrotoxic effects of MTX, in a dose-related manner, by improving most of the tested parameters. Furthermore, the higher dose of L-Met was able to restore several parameters to normal levels. In addition, investigation of MTX-induced hematological changes revealed a corrective potential of L-Met.Conclusion: L-Met can be an effective adjuvant therapy to modulate renal toxicity associated with MTX because of its antioxidant and antiinflammatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wessam M. Abdel-Wahab
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
- Department of Basic Sciences, Deanship of Preparatory Year and Supporting Studies, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nada S. Daifalla
- Department of Basic Sciences, Deanship of Preparatory Year and Supporting Studies, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amina E. Essawy
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Nagaoka LT, Jorge BC, Stein J, Manoel BDM, Valente LC, de Toledo LL, de Castro TLA, Kassuya CAL, Cardoso CAL, Arena AC. Maternal-fetal safety evaluation of an aqueous extract of Casearia sylvestris leaves in rats. Birth Defects Res 2023; 115:1899-1911. [PMID: 37800320 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.2257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study evaluated the maternal, embryotoxic, and teratogenic effects of the aqueous extract of Casearia sylvestris (AECS), a species listed in the Unique Health System of Brazil, and widely used for treating several conditions, such as diarrhea, wounds, pain, and ulcers. METHODS Pregnant rats were daily treated orally with 0, 175, 350, or 700 mg/kg/body weight of AECS, from gestational day (GD) 6 to 15 (organogenesis period). On GD 20, the pregnant rats were euthanized, and the litters submitted to an assessment of fetal development. RESULTS No clinical signs of toxicity were observed in the dams during the treatment. In the embryo-fetal development study, a significant increase in the basal zone height of the placenta was observed in the intermediate dose group. Furthermore, there was a significant increase in the relative anogenital distance measurement of female fetuses in the lowest and intermediate dose groups. Although no visceral abnormalities were observed in the treated-fetuses, skeletal anomalies evidenced by changes in the ossification of the sternum and the presence of supernumerary ribs were found in the intermediate and high dose groups. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the treatment with AECS during organogenesis at this dose level had detrimental effects on the normal development of fetuses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livia Trippe Nagaoka
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bárbara Campos Jorge
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Júlia Stein
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Beatriz de Matos Manoel
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leticia Cardoso Valente
- College of Health Science, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Laura Leonel de Toledo
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thiago Luis Aguayo de Castro
- Center of Studies in Natural Resources, State University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UEMS), Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Claudia Andrea Lima Cardoso
- Center of Studies in Natural Resources, State University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UEMS), Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Arielle Cristina Arena
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
- Toxicological Information and Assistance Center (CIATOX), Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, Univ. Estadual Paulista - Botucatu (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
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130
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Oliveira MH, Gushiken LFS, Pellizzon CH, Ferreira FP, Mancera PFA. Mathematical and numerical analyses of cellular, molecular and angiogenic parameters of a rat skin wound healing model. Int J Numer Method Biomed Eng 2023; 39:e3765. [PMID: 37551732 DOI: 10.1002/cnm.3765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
The inflammatory phase is an important event in the skin wound healing process. The deposition of granulation tissue in the wound bed and the rebuilding of the vascular network occur as inflammation diminishes. An angiogenic component in the formation of granulation tissue is the secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor, which assists in the chemotaxis, proliferation, and replication of fibroblasts. In this paper, we develop a mathematical model of skin wound healing angiogenic factors based on inflammatory cells (macrophages and neutrophils) and mediators (interleukin 6 and interleukin 10). We highlight the importance of this process in vascular endothelial growth factor release and in the formation of new capillary tips. We used a mathematical model of partial differential equations based on the reaction-diffusion-advection equations. In order to calibrate the parameters, we considered an in vivo model composed by four treatments: hydroalcoholic extract and oil-resin of Copaifera langsdorffii at 10% concentration, collagenase, and Lanette cream. Using the laboratory data for the wound edge, our mathematical model estimated the values of vascular endothelial growth factor concentration, and tips density in the center of the wound with a maximum error of 2.9%, and predicted healing time required for each treatment. The region of viability for the parameters, in the proposed model, was found through numerical simulations from the Interleukin 6 and 10 dysregulation and we obtained that, among the parameters analyzed, the greatest influencer in the dynamics of the system is the one, which represents the production of Interleukin 10 during phagocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta H Oliveira
- Department of Mathematics, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlandia, Brazil
- Biometrics Graduate Program, São Paulo State University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucas F S Gushiken
- Biotechnology Graduate Program, São Paulo State University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Paulo F A Mancera
- Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, São Paulo, Brazil
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Fayez N, Ibrahim MK, Farrag HA, Mohamed MAEH, Tablawy SYE. Synergistic effect of doxycycline and aqueous extract of irradiated khella on structure of nanobacteria isolated from kidney stones: In vitro and in vivo studies. Cell Biochem Funct 2023; 41:1275-1294. [PMID: 37795914 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Kidney stones have been associated with an increased risk of chronic kidney diseases, end-stage renal failure. This study is devoted to isolate nanobacteria from patients with active urolithiasis and investigate the in vitro and in vivo antinanobacterial activity of some antibiotics alone or in combination with extracts of irradiated herbs from certain medicinal plants. Nanobacteria were detected using scanning (SEM) and transmission (TEM) electron microscopy, protein electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and DNA profile. The antimicrobial susceptibility of some biofilm-producing nanobacterial isolates was evaluated. The effect of medicinal plant extracts on growth was tested. A combination treatment between the most potent extracts and antibiotics was tested on biofilm production, protein profile, release of 260 nm absorbing material, protein content, and ultrastructure of the strongest biofilm producers. In vivo study of nanobacteria and its treatment by the most potent agents was evaluated on male rats. Renal function was measured in serum; histological examination and oxidative stress parameters were determined in kidney tissues. Results showed that streptomycin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, doxycycline, and water extracts of irradiated khella at 6 kGy had antinanobacterial activity. Meanwhile, the synergistic effect of the aqueous extract of irradiated Khella and doxycycline showed higher inhibition activity on microbial growth and biofilm production. They affected dramatically the strength of its cell membrane and subsequently its ultrastructure. Moreover, these results are confirmed by ameliorations in renal function and histological alterations. It could be concluded that the combination of DO and an aqueous extract of irradiated khella has an antinephrotoxic effect against nanobacteria-induced renal toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Fayez
- Department of Drug Radiation Research, Atomic Energy Authority, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Hala Abdullah Farrag
- Department of Drug Radiation Research, Atomic Energy Authority, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marwa Abd El Hameed Mohamed
- Department of Drug Radiation Research, Atomic Energy Authority, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Seham Yousef El Tablawy
- Department of Drug Radiation Research, Atomic Energy Authority, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Cairo, Egypt
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Samra AI, Kamel AS, Abdallah DM, El Fattah MAA, Ahmed KA, El-Abhar HS. Preclinical Evidence for the Role of the Yin/Yang Angiotensin System Components in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Therapeutic Target of Astaxanthin. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3156. [PMID: 38137376 PMCID: PMC10740500 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11123156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) prevalence is emerging with an unclear etiology, hindering effective therapeutic interventions. Recent studies suggest potential renin-angiotensin system (RAS) alterations in different neurological pathologies. However, its implications in ASD are unexplored. This research fulfills the critical gap by investigating dual arms of RAS and their interplay with Notch signaling in ASD, using a valproic acid (VPA) model and assessing astaxanthin's (AST) modulatory impacts. Experimentally, male pups from pregnant rats receiving either saline or VPA on gestation day 12.5 were divided into control and VPA groups, with subsequent AST treatment in a subset (postnatal days 34-58). Behavioral analyses, histopathological investigations, and electron microscopy provided insights into the neurobehavioral and structural changes induced by AST. Molecular investigations of male pups' cortices revealed that AST outweighs the protective RAS elements with the inhibition of the detrimental arm. This established the neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory axes of RAS (ACE2/Ang1-7/MasR) in the ASD context. The results showed that AST's normalization of RAS components and Notch signaling underscore a novel therapeutic avenue in ASD, impacting neuronal integrity and behavioral outcomes. These findings affirm the integral role of RAS in ASD and highlight AST's potential as a promising treatment intervention, inviting further neurological research implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayat I. Samra
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt; (A.I.S.); (D.M.A.); (M.A.A.E.F.)
| | - Ahmed S. Kamel
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt; (A.I.S.); (D.M.A.); (M.A.A.E.F.)
| | - Dalaal M. Abdallah
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt; (A.I.S.); (D.M.A.); (M.A.A.E.F.)
| | - Mai A. Abd El Fattah
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt; (A.I.S.); (D.M.A.); (M.A.A.E.F.)
| | - Kawkab A. Ahmed
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt;
| | - Hanan S. El-Abhar
- Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt (FUE), Cairo 11835, Egypt;
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Atteia HH, AlFaris NA, Alshammari GM, Alamri E, Ahmed SF, Albalwi R, Abdel-Sattar SAL. The Hepatic Antisteatosis Effect of Xanthohumol in High-Fat Diet-Fed Rats Entails Activation of AMPK as a Possible Protective Mechanism. Foods 2023; 12:4214. [PMID: 38231665 DOI: 10.3390/foods12234214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity is the leading cause of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by provoking hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Low activity of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is linked to obesity, liver injury, and NAFLD. This study involves examining if the anti-steatosis effect of Xanthohumol (XH) in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed rats involves the regulation of AMPK. Adult male rats were divided into five groups (n = 8 each) as control (3.85 kcal/g); XH (control diet + 20 mg/kg), HFD (4.73 kcl/g), HFD + XH (20 mg/kg), and HFD + XH (30 mg/kg) + compound c (cc) (0.2 mg/kg). All treatments were conducted for 12 weeks. Treatment with XH attenuated the gain in body weight, fat pads, fasting glucose, and insulin in HFD rats. It also lowered serum leptin and free fatty acids (FFAs) and improved glucose and insulin tolerances in these rats. It also attenuated the increase in serum livers of liver marker enzymes and reduced serum and hepatic levels of triglycerides (TGs), cholesterol (CHOL), FFAs, as well as serum levels of low-density lipoproteins cholesterol (LDL-c) oxidized LDL-c. XH also reduced hepatic levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), nuclear accumulation of NF-κB, and the levels of tumor necrosis-factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) while stimulating the nuclear levels of Nrf2 and total levels of glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) in these HFD-fed rats. At the molecular levels, XH increased hepatic mRNA expression and phosphorylation of AMPK (Thr72) and reduced the expression of lipogenic genes SREBP1c and ACC-1. In concomitance, XH reduced hepatic liver droplet accumulation, reduced the number of apoptotic nuclei, and improved the structures of nuclei, mitochondria, and rough endoplasmic reticulum. Co-treatment with CC, an AMPK inhibitor, completely abolished all these effects of XH. In conclusion, XH attenuates obesity and HFD-mediated hepatic steatosis by activating hepatic AMPK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hebatallah Husseini Atteia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk P.O. Box 47512, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nora A AlFaris
- Department of Physical Sports Sciences, College of Sports Sciences & Physical Activity, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh P.O. Box 84428, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghedeir M Alshammari
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman Alamri
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Tabuk, Tabuk P.O. Box 47512, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salwa Fares Ahmed
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tabuk, Tabuk P.O. Box 47512, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt
| | - Renad Albalwi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Tabuk, Tabuk P.O. Box 47512, Saudi Arabia
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Jegnie M, Abula T, Woldekidan S, Chalchisa D, Asmare Z, Afework M. Acute and Sub-Acute Toxicity Evaluation of the Crude Methanolic Extract of Justicia schimperiana Leaf in Wistar Albino Rats. J Exp Pharmacol 2023; 15:467-483. [PMID: 38026231 PMCID: PMC10664716 DOI: 10.2147/jep.s441273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study evaluates the acute and sub-acute toxicity of 80% methanolic extracts of the leaves of Justicia schimperiana in Wistar albino rat models. Methods Dried powdered leaves of Justicia schimperiana were macerated in 80% methanol. The experiment was conducted in accordance with the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development guideline 423 for acute and 407 for sub-acute toxicity testing. A single dose of 5000 mg/kg extract was orally administered to three female rats for the acute toxicity study. The plant extract was administered orally for 28 days in daily dosages of 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg for the sub-acute study. Animals in a control group were given distilled water. A total of 40 rats (5 rats/group/sex) were used for the sub-acute toxicity testing. Daily food intake and weekly body weight measurements were done. The rats were sacrificed at the end of the 28-day treatment period for hematological, biochemical, and histopathological tests. One-way analysis of variance and Kruskal-Wallis tests were employed for the analysis. Results The single-dose oral administration of the plant resulted in no deaths or serious morbidity. The median lethal dose was >5000 mg/kg. The 28-day oral treatment of the plant extract had no significant effect on general behavior, food intake, organ weight, biochemical parameters, or the majority of the hematological markers, with the exception of the decrease in hemoglobin and hematocrit in the 1000 mg/kg extract-treated groups compared to the controls. Both sexes experienced significant weight increases at all dosage levels. With the exception of minor alterations in a few of the organs, no significant histological change was identified. Conclusion It is concluded that the single-dose and repeated-dose 28-day oral administration of the methanolic leaf extract of Justicia schimperiana is relatively safe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihretu Jegnie
- Department of Anatomy, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Teferra Abula
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Samuel Woldekidan
- Traditional and Modern Drug Research Directorate, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Dinkenesh Chalchisa
- National Reference Laboratory for Immunohematology, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Zemen Asmare
- Department of Pathology, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Mekbeb Afework
- Department of Anatomy, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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135
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Liu M, Liu Z, Dong Z, Zou X, Zeng J, Yang Z. Identification of Sanguinarine Metabolites in Rats Using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS. Molecules 2023; 28:7641. [PMID: 38005364 PMCID: PMC10674372 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28227641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Sanguinarine (SAN), as the main active component of a traditional Chinese veterinary medicine, has been widely used in the animal husbandry and breeding industry. However, the metabolites of SA are still uncertain. Therefore, this research aimed to investigate the metabolites of SA based on rats in vivo. The blood, feces, and urine of rats were collected after the oral administration of 40 mg/kg SAN. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS) was employed to identify the metabolites of SAN. The elemental composition of sanguinarine metabolites was inferred by analyzing their exact molecular weight, and the structures of the metabolites were predicted based on their fragment ions and cleavage pathways. A total of 12 metabolites were identified, including three metabolites in the plasma, four in the urine, and nine in the feces. According to the possible metabolic pathways deduced in this study, SAN was mainly metabolized through reduction, oxidation, demethylation, hydroxylation, and glucuronidation. This present research has summarized the metabolism of SAN in rats, which is helpful for further studying the metabolic mechanism of SAN in vivo and in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengting Liu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (M.L.); (Z.L.); (Z.D.); (X.Z.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Zhiqin Liu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (M.L.); (Z.L.); (Z.D.); (X.Z.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Zhuang Dong
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (M.L.); (Z.L.); (Z.D.); (X.Z.)
| | - Xianglin Zou
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (M.L.); (Z.L.); (Z.D.); (X.Z.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Jianguo Zeng
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (M.L.); (Z.L.); (Z.D.); (X.Z.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Zihui Yang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (M.L.); (Z.L.); (Z.D.); (X.Z.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
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Stark AM, Nohrenberg M, Draper ADK, McMahon KE, Hewitt TA, Lomas K, Krause VL. A cluster of leptospirosis cases associated with crocodile workers in the Northern Territory, Australia, 2022. Commun Dis Intell (2018) 2023; 47. [PMID: 37968070 DOI: 10.33321/cdi.2023.47.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Leptospirosis is a worldwide zoonotic waterborne disease endemic in tropical and subtropical climates. Outbreaks have been observed in the Northern Territory (NT) of Australia. We briefly described the epidemiology of leptospirosis in the NT between 2012 and 2022, and undertook an investigation of a cluster of three leptospirosis cases observed in crocodile workers between January and December 2022 in the Top End of the NT. A descriptive case series was conducted to investigate the cluster; all three cases were male and non-Aboriginal with a median age of 46.5 years; none took chemoprophylaxis; only one of the three cases reported wearing appropriate protective attire; all reported receiving limited to no education about personal protective measures from their associated workplaces. Higher than average rainfall in both February and December 2022 likely contributed to the increased risk of infection in those months. Changing climate patterns are likely to result in more frequent periods of heavy rain, and risk of contracting leptospirosis in the NT may increase, particularly for those who work in wet and muddy conditions. Promoting the use of protective workplace clothing and equipment, the use of waterproof dressings for skin abrasions, regular hand hygiene, and the consideration of chemoprophylaxis in certain circumstances may prevent future cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid M Stark
- Centre for Disease Control, Public Health Unit, Top End Health Service, Northern Territory, Australia..
| | - Michael Nohrenberg
- Centre for Disease Control, Public Health Unit, Top End Health Service, Northern Territory, Australia
| | - Anthony DK Draper
- Centre for Disease Control, Public Health Unit, Top End Health Service, Northern Territory, Australia; Global and Tropical Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research, Darwin, Australia. ;National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, College of Health & Medicine, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Kimberley E McMahon
- Centre for Disease Control, Public Health Unit, Top End Health Service, Northern Territory, Australia
| | - Thalia A Hewitt
- Centre for Disease Control, Public Health Unit, Top End Health Service, Northern Territory, Australia
| | - Kelly Lomas
- Centre for Disease Control, Public Health Unit, Top End Health Service, Northern Territory, Australia
| | - Vicki L Krause
- Centre for Disease Control, Public Health Unit, Top End Health Service, Northern Territory, Australia
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Huang B, Liu X, Zhang T, Wu Q, Huang C, Xia XG, Zhou H. Increase in hnRNPA1 Expression Suffices to Kill Motor Neurons in Transgenic Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16214. [PMID: 38003404 PMCID: PMC10671660 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
A dominant mutation in hnRNPA1 causes amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), but it is not known whether this mutation leads to motor neuron death through increased or decreased function. To elucidate the relationship between pathogenic hnRNPA1 mutation and its native function, we created novel transgenic rats that overexpressed wildtype rat hnRNPA1 exclusively in motor neurons. This targeted expression of wildtype hnRNPA1 caused severe motor neuron loss and subsequent denervation muscle atrophy in transgenic rats that recapitulated the characteristics of ALS. These findings demonstrate that the augmentation of hnRNPA1 expression suffices to trigger motor neuron degeneration and the manifestation of ALS-like phenotypes. It is reasonable to infer that an amplification of an as-yet undetermined hnRNPA1 function plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of familial ALS caused by pathogenic hnRNPA1 mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Huang
- Department of Pathology, Thomas Jefferson University, 1020 Locust Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Xionghao Liu
- Department of Pathology, Thomas Jefferson University, 1020 Locust Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, The Center for Translational Sciences, Florida International University, Port St. Lucie, FL 34987, USA
| | - Qinxue Wu
- Department of Pathology, Thomas Jefferson University, 1020 Locust Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Cao Huang
- Department of Pathology, Thomas Jefferson University, 1020 Locust Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Xu-Gang Xia
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, The Center for Translational Sciences, Florida International University, Port St. Lucie, FL 34987, USA
| | - Hongxia Zhou
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, The Center for Translational Sciences, Florida International University, Port St. Lucie, FL 34987, USA
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Erratum: Being friendly: paced mating for the study of physiological, behavioral, and neuroplastic changes induced by sexual behavior in females. Front Behav Neurosci 2023; 17:1327758. [PMID: 38025385 PMCID: PMC10665022 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2023.1327758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2023.1184897.].
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Hesham A, Abass M, Abdou H, Fahmy R, Rashad MM, Abdallah AA, Mossallem W, Rehan IF, Elnagar A, Zigo F, Ondrašovičová S, Abouelnaga AF, Rizk A. Ozonated saline intradermal injection: promising therapy for accelerated cutaneous wound healing in diabetic rats. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1283679. [PMID: 38026676 PMCID: PMC10657902 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1283679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The use of ozonized water is gaining importance in medicine due to its effects on hyperglycemia and wound healing mechanisms. Methods This experiment was conducted to assess the impacts of intradermal administration of ozonated water on acute skin wound healing in a diabetic rat model. Sixty-four adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups: an ozonated water group (O3W) and a control group (CG). Experimental diabetes was chemically induced in the rats by the intraperitoneal administration of 60 mg/kg streptozotocin. One week later, full-thickness skin surgical wounds (1 cm2) were created between the two shoulders of the rats under general anesthesia. The wounds were then daily irrigated with normal saline (CG) or intradermally injected with 1 mL of ozonated water at 10 mg/L O3W. Wound healing was evaluated through macroscopic analysis, measuring wound size, diameter, and percentage of contraction rate before wounding and at 3, 7, 9, 12, 14, 18, 21, 24, and 28 days post-wounding. On days 7, 14, 21, and 28 after induction of the wounds, the body weights and blood glucose levels of rats (8 per group) were measured before the rats were euthanized. Moreover, the morphological structure of the tissue, vascular endothelial and transforming growth factor (VEGF and TGF) affinity and gene expression were examined. Results The O3W group had significantly lower blood glucose levels and wound size and gained body weight. Additionally, epithelial vascularization, stromal edema, TGF, and VEGF gene expression significantly improved in the O3W group. Discussion Therefore, ozonated water has the potential to enhance and promote cutaneous wound healing in diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Hesham
- Undergraduate Student, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Marwa Abass
- Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology, and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Haanin Abdou
- Undergraduate Student, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Reham Fahmy
- Veterinary Surgery, Oncology Centre, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Maha M. Rashad
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Abdelnaser A. Abdallah
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Disease, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Wael Mossallem
- Veterinary Clinical Supervisor, Al-Rahba Veterinary Clinic, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ibrahim F. Rehan
- Department of Husbandry and Development of Animal Wealth, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Menofia University, Shibin El Kom, Egypt
- Department of Pathobiochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University Yagotoyama, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Asmaa Elnagar
- Department of Pathobiochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University Yagotoyama, Nagoya, Japan
| | - František Zigo
- Department of Nutrition and Animal Husbandry, University of Veterinary Medicine, and Pharmacy, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Silvia Ondrašovičová
- Department of Biology and Physiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, and Pharmacy, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Ahmed F. Abouelnaga
- Department of Animal Behaviour and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Awad Rizk
- Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology, and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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TSUBOI M, TERAHARA M, NAGATA M, KATSUMATA T, ISHII T, KATO M, NAKAMURA Y. Safety evaluation of a heat-treated Bifidobacterium bifidum OLB6378 concentrate. Biosci Microbiota Food Health 2023; 43:81-91. [PMID: 38188656 PMCID: PMC10767320 DOI: 10.12938/bmfh.2023-044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Several bacterial strains, including probiotic strains, have undergone evaluations for their safety and potential beneficial health effects. Some of these strains have been introduced into various markets, including that for infant products. However, certain probiotic strains have been linked to serious infections in infants, such as septicemia and meningitis. Given this, it is crucial to assess the safety of each probiotic strain, including those of Bifidobacterium, which is a common genus of probiotics. One such strain, Bifidobacterium bifidum OLB6378 (NITE BP-31), referred to as OLB6378 hereafter, has been selected for use in infants. To determine its genotoxicity and general toxicity potential, a heat-treated OLB6378 concentrate was subjected to various tests, including the bacterial reverse mutation test, in vitro chromosome aberration test, in vivo micronucleus test, and single- and 90-day oral gavage toxicity studies in rats. No significant differences were observed compared with negative controls in any of genotoxicity tests. The single-dose toxicity study employed dose levels of 560, 1,693, and 5,092 mg/kg, representing the total solid contents of culture concentrates containing OLB6378 (equivalent to 8.1 × 1011, 2.4 × 1012, and 7.4 × 1012 cells/kg of Bifidobacterium, respectively). In the 90-day toxicity study, dose levels of 280, 853, and 2,546 mg/kg/day were used (equivalent to 4.0 × 1011, 1.2 × 1012, and 3.7 × 1012 cells/kg/day, respectively). Importantly, the heat-treated OLB6378 concentrate did not induce any signs of toxicity in any of the conducted toxicity studies. In conclusion, the heat-treated OLB6378 concentrate exhibited no genotoxicity potential, and the no-observed-adverse-effect level in the 90-day toxicity study was determined to be 2,546 mg/kg/day (equivalent to 3.7 × 1012 cells/kg/day). This suggests that heat-treated OLB6378 can be safely utilized as a food source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misato TSUBOI
- Food Microbiology and Function Research Laboratories, Meiji
Co., Ltd., 1-29-1 Nanakuni, Hachioji-shi, Tokyo 192-0919, Japan
| | - Masaki TERAHARA
- Wellness Science Labs, Meiji Holdings Co., Ltd., Meiji Co.,
Ltd., 1-29-1 Nanakuni, Hachioji-shi, Tokyo 192-0919, Japan
| | - Masashi NAGATA
- Wellness Science Labs, Meiji Holdings Co., Ltd., Meiji Co.,
Ltd., 1-29-1 Nanakuni, Hachioji-shi, Tokyo 192-0919, Japan
| | - Toyohisa KATSUMATA
- Gotemba Laboratory, BoZo Research Center Inc., 1284 Kamado,
Gotemba-shi, Shizuoka 412-0039, Japan
| | - Takahiro ISHII
- Gotemba Laboratory, BoZo Research Center Inc., 1284 Kamado,
Gotemba-shi, Shizuoka 412-0039, Japan
| | - Masayuki KATO
- Formerly at CMIC Bioresearch Center, CMIC Pharma Science Co.,
Ltd., 10221 Kobuchizawa-cho, Hokuto-shi, Yamanashi 408-0044, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka NAKAMURA
- Food Microbiology and Function Research Laboratories, Meiji
Co., Ltd., 1-29-1 Nanakuni, Hachioji-shi, Tokyo 192-0919, Japan
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Alpirez J, Leon-Moreno LC, Aguilar-García IG, Castañeda-Arellano R, Dueñas-Jiménez JM, Asencio-Piña CR, Dueñas-Jiménez SH. Walk Locomotion Kinematic Changes in a Model of Penetrating Hippocampal Injury in Male/Female Mice and Rats. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1545. [PMID: 38002505 PMCID: PMC10669690 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13111545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury has been the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in human beings. One of the most susceptible structures to this damage is the hippocampus due to cellular and synaptic loss and impaired hippocampal connectivity to the brain, brain stem, and spinal cord. Thus, hippocampal damage in rodents using a stereotaxic device could be an adequate method to study a precise lesion from CA1 to the dentate gyrus structures. We studied male and female rats and mice, analyzing hindlimb locomotion kinematics changes to compare the locomotion kinematics using the same methodology in rodents. We measure (1) the vertical hindlimb metatarsus, ankle, and knee joint vertical displacements (VD) and (2) the factor of dissimilarity (DF). The VD in intact rats in metatarsus, ankle, and knee joints differs from that in intact mice in similar joints. In rats, the vertical displacement through the step cycle changed in the left and right metatarsus, ankle, and knee joints compared to the intact group versus the lesioned group. More subtle changes were also observed in mice. DF demonstrates contrasting results when studying locomotion kinematics of mice or rats and sex-dependent differences. Thus, a precise lesion in a rodent's hippocampal structure discloses some hindlimb locomotion changes related to species and sex. Thus, we only have a qualitative comparison between murine species. In order to make a comparison with other species, we should standardize the model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonatan Alpirez
- Departamento de Neurociencias, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico; (J.A.); (L.C.L.-M.); (I.G.A.-G.)
| | - Lilia Carolina Leon-Moreno
- Departamento de Neurociencias, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico; (J.A.); (L.C.L.-M.); (I.G.A.-G.)
| | - Irene Guadalupe Aguilar-García
- Departamento de Neurociencias, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico; (J.A.); (L.C.L.-M.); (I.G.A.-G.)
| | - Rolando Castañeda-Arellano
- Centro de Investigación Multidisciplinario en Salud, Centro Universitario de Tonalá, Universidad de Guadalajara, Tonalá 45425, Mexico;
| | - Judith Marcela Dueñas-Jiménez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico;
| | - Cesar Rodolfo Asencio-Piña
- Departamento de Electronica, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44430, Mexico;
| | - Sergio Horacio Dueñas-Jiménez
- Departamento de Neurociencias, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico; (J.A.); (L.C.L.-M.); (I.G.A.-G.)
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İpek E, Hesapçıoğlu M, Karaboğa M, Avcı H. Selenium protection from DNA damage and regulation of apoptosis signaling following cyclophosphamide induced cardiotoxicity in rats. Biotech Histochem 2023; 98:534-542. [PMID: 37695070 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2023.2253424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the mechanism of the cardioprotective effect of selenium (Se) against cyclophosphamide (CPA) induced cardiotoxicity in rats. We divided 24 female Wistar albino rats into four groups. The control group was injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) with normal saline. The CPA group was injected i.p. with 200 mg/kg CPA. The Se group was injected i.p. with 1 mg/kg Se. The CPA + Se group was injected i.p. with 200 mg/kg CPA and 1 mg/kg Se. Rats were euthanized 24 h after injection and heart tissues were harvested. Histopathological examination revealed reduced severity of myocardial lesions in the CPA + Se group compared to CPA induced cardiotoxicity of the CPA group; this finding was confirmed by increased immunoreactivity of cardiac troponin-I (cTn-I) in the CPA + Se group compared to decreased cTn-I immunoreactivity in the CPA group. Administration of CPA increased the immunoreactivity of phosphorylated histone-2AX (γH2AX). Se reduced the CPA induced increase in γH2AX immunoreactivity. Se administration reversed the CPA induced increase of Bax and decrease of Bcl2 gene expressions. Our findings suggest that Se is cardioprotective by reducing DNA damage and regulating the genes responsible for apoptosis caused by CPA in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emrah İpek
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Hesapçıoğlu
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Karaboğa
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey
| | - Hamdi Avcı
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey
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Chen L, Huang Y, Chen Y, Chen J, You X, Zou L, Chen J, Chen Z, Wang X, Huang Y. Resolvin D1 promotes the resolution of inflammation in the ACLF rat model by increasing the proportion of Treg cells. Immun Inflamm Dis 2023; 11:e1076. [PMID: 38018579 PMCID: PMC10659757 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.1076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) causes organ system failures in patients and increases the risk of mortality. One of the main predictors of ACLF development in patients is the severity of systemic inflammation. The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of resolvin D1 (RvD1) on the rat model of ACLF. METHODS The ACLF rats were induced by first intraperitoneally (ip) injecting CCl4 and porcine serum for 6 weeks to establish the chronic liver injury, followed by once administration (ip) of lipopolysaccharide and d-galactose d-GalN to cause acute liver injury (ALI). An hour before the ALI-induced treatment, rats were administrated (ip) with 0.9% saline or different doses of RvD1 (0.3 or 1 µg/kg). Afterward, the control and treated rats were killed and samples were collected. Biochemical analysis, hematoxylin-eosin and Sirius red staining, flow cytometry assay, and real-time polymerase chain reaction were used to assess the rat liver histopathological injury, the percentage of Treg cells in the spleen, and the messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of transcription factors and immunologic cytokines in liver. RESULTS The necroinflammatory scores and the serum levels of transaminase significantly increased in ACLF rats compared with those in control rats. These impaired changes observed in ACLF rats could be attenuated by the administration of a low dose of RvD1 before the induction of ALI, which was associated with the increased proportion of regulatory T cells (Treg) in the spleen together with the increased gene expression ratio of Foxp3/RORγt and decreased mRNA level of Il-17a and Il-6 in the liver. CONCLUSION A low dose of RvD1 can promote the resolution of inflammation in ACLF rats by increasing the proportion of Treg cells. RvD1, therefore, may be used as a potential drug for the treatment of patients with ACLF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linjun Chen
- Department of Infectious DiseaseFujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhouChina
| | - Yixuan Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Fujian Institute of Digestive DiseaseFujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhouChina
| | - Yizhen Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Fujian Institute of Digestive DiseaseFujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhouChina
| | - Jiaxuan Chen
- Department of Internal NeurologyFujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhouChina
| | - Xueye You
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of MedicineXiamen UniversityXiamenChina
| | - Laiyu Zou
- Department of Infectious DiseaseFujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhouChina
| | - Jiabing Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Fujian Institute of Digestive DiseaseFujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhouChina
| | - Zhixin Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Fujian Institute of Digestive DiseaseFujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhouChina
| | - Xiaozhong Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Fujian Institute of Digestive DiseaseFujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhouChina
| | - Yuehong Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Fujian Institute of Digestive DiseaseFujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhouChina
- Fujian Clinical Research Center for Digestive System Tumors and Upper Gastrointestinal DiseasesFuzhouChina
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Koc S, Aktas A, Sahin B, Ozer H, Zararsiz GE. Protective effect of ursodeoxycholic acid and resveratrol against tacrolimus induced hepatotoxicity. Biotech Histochem 2023; 98:471-478. [PMID: 37381715 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2023.2228697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Tacrolimus (TAC) is a potent and well-tolerated immunosuppressive drug, but serious side effects including nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity have been reported. Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) and resveratrol (RSV) exhibit hepatoprotective effects in liver diseases. We investigated the hepatoprotective effect of UDCA and RSV against TAC induced hepatotoxicity. We divided 40 male rats into five equal groups: A) control group, B) TAC group, C) TAC + UDCA group, D) TAC + RSV group, E) TAC + UDCA + RSV group. We administered 0.5 mg/kg TAC once daily, 25 mg/kg UDCA twice daily and 10 mg/kg RSV once daily. The drugs in the experimental groups were given by gavage from the first day of the study and continued for 21 days. Histopathologic and biochemical analyses were performed on day 22. In group B, serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF), interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), total oxidative status (TOS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were higher compared to group A, and catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels and total antioxidant status (TAS) were lower compared to group A. Severe cellular swelling, degeneration and focal necrosis were more evident in group B than in groups C-E. Histopathological improvement was observed in groups C-E, where UDCA and RSV were combined, compared to group B. We found that UDCA and RSV, together or separately, protected the liver against oxidative stress damage caused by TAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suleyman Koc
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Aktas
- Department of İnternal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Bilal Sahin
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Hatice Ozer
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Gozde Erturk Zararsiz
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
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Tripathy A, Raghavendra AP, Dutta B, Surendran S. Evaluation of the therapeutic efficacy of Vitex agnus-castus extract on cisplatin-induced hematotoxicity in female Wistar rats. Vet World 2023; 16:2186-2191. [PMID: 38152275 PMCID: PMC10750742 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2023.2186-2191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim Cisplatin (CP) is a preferred drug for cancer treatment but it has dose-dependent side effects. Vitex agnus-castus (VAC) berry extract has antioxidant, free-radical scavenging, and anti-inflammatory activities. This study explored the mitigating effects of VAC extract (VACE) on acute hematotoxicity induced by CP in female Wistar rats. Materials and Methods Female Wistar rats (n = 30) were randomly divided into five groups (n = 6/group). The normal control (NC) group received no treatment. The CP control group received CP (7 mg/kg.b.w. ip, single dose) and the drug control group (VACE-650) received VACE (650 mg/kg b.w. oral, daily) for 7 days. Both groups received a single dose of CP (7 mg/kg b.w. ip), followed by 350 and 650 mg/kg.b.w. of VACE daily orally (CPVACE-350 and CPVACE-650 groups, respectively) for 7 days. Results After a single dose of CP (7 mg/kg b.w.), the red blood cells (RBC), hematocrit (HCT), white blood cells (WBC), and platelets significantly decreased. In the VAC-350 group, the reduction in total WBC count was less than that in the VAC-650 group on the 3rd day. The RBC and HCT values of the VACE groups were better than that of the CP control, but the VACE-350 treatment group showed significant improvement only on the 3rd day. Conclusion Our findings showed that VACE can mitigate CP-induced damage to peripheral blood cells at lower doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparna Tripathy
- Division of Physiology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, MAHE, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Babi Dutta
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, MAHE, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Sudarshan Surendran
- Department of Clinical Anatomy and Medical Imaging, American University of Antigua College of Medicine, Antigua
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Akturk G, Micili SC, Gursoy Doruk O, Hocaoglu N, Akan P, Ergur BU, Ahmed S, Kalkan S. Effects of nicorandil on QT prolongation and myocardial damage caused by citalopram in rats. Biotech Histochem 2023; 98:479-491. [PMID: 37466068 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2023.2233417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Citalopram is a selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressant; it exhibits the greatest cardiotoxic effect among SSRIs. Citalopram can cause drug-induced long QT syndrome (LQTS) and ventricular arrhythmias. We investigated the protective effect of nicorandil, a selective mitochondrial KATP (mito-KATP) channel opener, on LQTS and myocardial damage caused by citalopram in male rats. In a preliminary study, we determined that the minimum citalopram dose that prolonged the QT interval was 102 mg/kg injected intraperitoneally. For the main study, rats were divided randomly into five experimental groups: untreated control, normal saline + citalopram, nicorandil + citalopram, 5-hydroxydecanoate (5-HD) + citalopram, 5-HD + nicorandil + citalopram. Biochemical and histologic data from blood and heart tissue samples from six untreated control rats were evaluated. Electrocardiographic parameters including QRS duration, QT interval, corrected QT interval (QTc) and heart rate (HR) were assessed, and biochemical parameters including malondialdehyde, reduced glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase were measured. We also performed histomorphologic and immunohistochemical examination of heart tissue. Citalopram prolonged QT-QTc intervals significantly and increased significantly the histomorphologic score and proportion of apoptotic cells, but produced no differences in the oxidant and antioxidant parameters. Nicorandil did not prevent citalopram induced QT-QTc interval prolongation and produced no significant changes in oxidant and antioxidant parameters; however, it did reduce histologic damage and apoptosis caused by citalopram.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gozde Akturk
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Dokuz Eylul University School of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Mustafa Kemal University School of Medicine, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Serap Cilaker Micili
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Dokuz Eylul University School of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Gursoy Doruk
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Dokuz Eylul University School of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Nil Hocaoglu
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Dokuz Eylul University School of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Pinar Akan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Dokuz Eylul University School of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Bekir Ugur Ergur
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Dokuz Eylul University School of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Kyrenia University School of Medicine, Kyrenia, Cyprus
| | - Samar Ahmed
- Department of Biochemistry, Dokuz Eylul University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Sule Kalkan
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Dokuz Eylul University School of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
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Malikowska-Racia N, Koniewski M, Golebiowska J, Popik P. Acute but not long-lasting antidepressant-like effect of psilocybin in differential reinforcement of low-rate 72 schedule in rats. J Psychopharmacol 2023; 37:1149-1156. [PMID: 37842884 DOI: 10.1177/02698811231205692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In clinical studies, psychedelics including psilocybin and D-lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) demonstrate rapid and persistent antidepressant effects. Since the effective treatment with psychedelics is usually provided with psychotherapy, it is debatable whether their prolonged efficacy can be observed in infrahuman species. Preclinical reports on psychedelics' effects most often address their acute actions, and different tests and models provide inconsistent results. The goal of this study was to examine whether the treatment with psilocybin and/or LSD would demonstrate immediate and/or sustained antidepressant-like effects in the differential reinforcement of low-rate responding (DRL) schedule in rats. In contrast to the antidepressant screening tools, the DRL 72s test is known to detect antidepressants with high predictive validity as it differentiates clinically effective antidepressants from other psychoactive drugs in non-stressed animals. METHODS Adult male Sprague Dawley rats were injected over three consecutive days with psilocybin (1 mg/kg), LSD (0.08 mg/kg), or saline and then tested in DRL 72s for the following 4 weeks. RESULTS Treatment with psilocybin but not LSD demonstrated an immediate antidepressant-like effect, manifested as an increased number of reinforced presses and response efficiency. By contrast, neither of the drugs showed a long-term (up to 4 weeks following administration) antidepressant-like effect. CONCLUSIONS Using DRL 72s schedule of reinforcement, we demonstrated the acute antidepressant-like effect of psilocybin but not of LSD, and failed to detect their persistent antidepressant-like efficacy. The present study suggests that the detection of long-lasting antidepressant-like activity in rats could be challenging and may require entirely novel behavioral methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Malikowska-Racia
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience and Drug Development, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - Maciej Koniewski
- Department of Philosophy, Institute of Sociology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Joanna Golebiowska
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience and Drug Development, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - Piotr Popik
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience and Drug Development, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
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148
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Kireeva AV, Kolenchukova OA, Loshkareva MV, Biryukova EA, Ladygina VP, Stolyar SV. Morphopathological Effect of Ferrihydrite Nanoparticles in an Experimental Model of Toxic Hemolytic Anemia. Bull Exp Biol Med 2023; 176:42-49. [PMID: 38091137 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-023-05964-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
We studied the effect of biogenic ferrihydrite nanoparticles synthesized as a result of the culturing of Klebsiella oxytoca on Wistar rats with experimental toxic hemolytic anemia. The pathology was simulated by single intraperitoneal injection of phenylhydrazine hydrochloride. On day 4, the functional parameters of erythrocytes in rats corresponded to the state of toxic hemolytic anemia. It is shown that ferrihydrite nanoparticles suspension has chronic toxicity and causes morphological changes in organs (mainly in the spleen), which are characterized by accumulation of nanoparticles. Administration of phenylhydrazine induced systemic vascular damage and the formation of extramedullary hematopoietic foci, which indicated a compensatory activation in hematopoiesis in the liver and spleen. Injection of nanoparticles reduced discirculatory and necrotic changes in the kidneys.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Kireeva
- Federal Research Center Krasnoyarsk Science Center, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, Russia.
| | - O A Kolenchukova
- Research Institute Medical Problems of the North, Federal Research Center Krasnoyarsk Science Center, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - M V Loshkareva
- Federal Research Center Krasnoyarsk Science Center, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - E A Biryukova
- Research Institute Medical Problems of the North, Federal Research Center Krasnoyarsk Science Center, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - V P Ladygina
- Federal Research Center Krasnoyarsk Science Center, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - S V Stolyar
- Federal Research Center Krasnoyarsk Science Center, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
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149
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Doğan GT, Kepekçi RA, Bostancıeri N, Tarakçıoğlu M. Protective effect of Arum maculatum against dextran sulfate sodium induced colitis in rats. Biotech Histochem 2023; 98:456-465. [PMID: 37394993 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2023.2225226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory disease of the large intestine that is characterized by diarrhea, bloody stools, abdominal pain and mucosal ulceration. UC is treated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, corticosteroids or immunosuppressants, but long-term use of these drugs can cause adverse effects. Arum maculatum is used as a traditional treatment for digestive system disorders, but its use for treatment of UC has not been investigated rigorously. We investigated the possible protective effect of a methanol extract of A. maculatum against dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) induced experimental UC in rats. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents of the extract were 32.919 ± 1.125 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g and 52.045 ± 7.902 µg rutin equivalent (RE)/mg, respectively. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) for the extract was 105.76 µg/ml according to the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity assay. Effects of A. maculatum extract on UC induced by DSS were assessed both macroscopically and histologically. We also investigated effects of A. maculatum extract on malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and the oxidative stress index (OSI) in normal rats and rats with UC. We found that treatment with A. maculatum extract protected the colon against DSS induced UC in a dose-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gülsüm Toparlı Doğan
- Biochemistry Science and Technology Department, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | | | - Nuray Bostancıeri
- Histology and Embryology Department, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Tarakçıoğlu
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
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150
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Dominguez JE, Rosario L, Juliana S, Redondo LM, Chacana PA, Regino C, Fernández Miyakawa ME. Rats as sources of multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in animal production environments. Zoonoses Public Health 2023; 70:627-635. [PMID: 37403535 DOI: 10.1111/zph.13071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Rattus norvegicus and Rattus rattus are commensal pest rodents, considered reservoirs and vectors of zoonotic pathogens. In livestock farms, the wide use of antimicrobials and their release into the environment lead to high long-term residual concentrations, which may in turn lead to the occurrence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Farm environments serve as AMR sources, resulting in the transmission of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria and their AMR genes of livestock origin into wildlife. This study aimed to analyse the profile of enterobacteria carrying AMR determinants in rats captured in livestock farms to determine their potential vectors as for the spread of AMR. To this end, 56 rats (52 R. norvegicus and 4 R. rattus) were live-trapped on 11 farms (pig, dairy, poultry and mixed farms) located in central Argentina, from spring 2016 to autumn 2017. From 50 of the R. norvegicus individuals and three of the R. rattus individuals found in 10 of the farms, we isolated 53 Escherichia coli and five Salmonella strains. Susceptibility to antimicrobials, genotypic profiles, minimal inhibitory concentration of colistin and the presence of mcr-1 and genes encoding extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) were determined. Of the 58 isolates not susceptible to different antimicrobial classes, 28 of the E. coli strains and two of the Salmonella strains were defined as multi-drug resistant (MDR). S. Westhampton and S. Newport recovered were not susceptible to ampicillin or all the cephems tested. One of the E. coli obtained showed resistance to colistin and harboured the mcr-1 gene, demonstrated by PCR and conjugation. In two ESBL-producing Salmonella isolated from rats, CTX-M-2 genes were responsible for the observed resistance to third-generation cephalosporins. The MDR E. coli isolates showed several different resistance patterns (23), although some of them were the same in different individuals and different farms, with six resistance patterns, evidencing the dispersion of strains. These findings suggest that rats play a role in the dissemination of AMR determinants between animal, humans and environmental reservoirs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johana Elizabeth Dominguez
- Laboratorio de Bacteriologia General, Instituto de Patobiología Veterinaria, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (IPVet), INTA-CONICET, William C. Morris, Argentina
| | - Lovera Rosario
- Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires and Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires (IEGEBA), UBA-CONICET, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sánchez Juliana
- Laboratorio de Investigación y Desarrollo en Agrobiología, Centro de Bioinvestigaciones-CeBio, Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (CITNOBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Leandro Martin Redondo
- Laboratorio de Bacteriologia General, Instituto de Patobiología Veterinaria, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (IPVet), INTA-CONICET, William C. Morris, Argentina
| | - Pablo Anibal Chacana
- Laboratorio de Bacteriologia General, Instituto de Patobiología Veterinaria, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (IPVet), INTA-CONICET, William C. Morris, Argentina
| | - Cavia Regino
- Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires and Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires (IEGEBA), UBA-CONICET, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariano Enrique Fernández Miyakawa
- Laboratorio de Bacteriologia General, Instituto de Patobiología Veterinaria, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (IPVet), INTA-CONICET, William C. Morris, Argentina
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