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Tacik P, Joshi P, Knape M, Nikolin S, Weis J, Deschauer M, Zierz S. Untersuchung mitochondrialer Veränderungen bei Patienten mit idiopathischen Myositiden. AKTUELLE NEUROLOGIE 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1238413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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102
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Gupta P, Dutta B, Pant D, Joshi P, Lohar DR. In vitroantibacterial activity ofArtemisia annuaLinn. growing in India. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.4103/0973-8258.56287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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103
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Joshi S, Joshi P. Management of Type 2 diabetes: Treating targets and strategies. S Afr Fam Pract (2004) 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/20786204.2009.10873798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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104
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Joshi P, Joshi S. Oral hypoglycaemic drugs and newer agents use in Type 2 diabetes mellitus. S Afr Fam Pract (2004) 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/20786204.2009.10873799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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105
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Ajay VS, Prabhakaran D, Jeemon P, Thankappan KR, Mohan V, Ramakrishnan L, Joshi P, Ahmed FU, Mohan BVM, Chaturvedi V, Mukherjee R, Reddy KS. Prevalence and determinants of diabetes mellitus in the Indian industrial population. Diabet Med 2008; 25:1187-94. [PMID: 19046197 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2008.02554.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM To highlight the regional difference in the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) and to explore determinants in variability in the Indian industrial population. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was carried out among the employees and their family members (10 930 individuals, mean age 39.6 years, 6764 male) of eleven medium-to-large industries from diverse sites in India, using a stratified random sampling technique. Information on behavioural, clinical and biochemical risk factors of DM was obtained, through standardized instruments. DM was diagnosed when fasting blood glucose was > or = 7.0 mmol/l and/or individuals took drug treatment for DM. Multiple logistic regression analysis was carried out to identify the potential predictors of DM. RESULT In the 20 to 69-year-old age group, the crude prevalence of DM and impaired fasting glucose was 10.1 and 5.3%, respectively. Urban sites had a higher prevalence and awareness of DM status. Individuals in the lower education group had a high prevalence of DM (11.6%). In diabetic subjects, 38.4% were unaware that they had diabetes. Waist-circumference-to-height ratio had a higher DM predictive power than waist circumference and body mass index. The risk factors associated with overall prevalence of DM were: age, sex, low-education level, family history of DM, hypertension and overweight/obesity. Interaction of risk factors was observed only in urban high-prevalence sites. CONCLUSION There are wide regional variations in the prevalence of DM in India. The high burden of undetected diabetes, even in settings with universal access to on-site health care, highlights the need for innovative prevention and control strategies.
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Joshi P. Herbal Drugs Used in Guinea Worm Disease by the Tribals of Southern Rajasthan (India). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.3109/13880209109082846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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107
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Saini RK, Joshi YC, Joshi P. Solvent-Free Synthesis of Some 1,5-Benzothiazepines and Benzodiazepines and Their Antibacterial Activity. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/10426500701852661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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108
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Joshi P, Joshi S. Type 2 diabetes: Primary prevention, screening and health care approach for diagnosis in South Africa. S Afr Fam Pract (2004) 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/20786204.2008.10873733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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109
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Desapriya E, Scime G, Pike I, Joshi P, Subzwari S. Cost effectiveness of cataract surgery. Br J Ophthalmol 2008; 92:722. [PMID: 18441188 DOI: 10.1136/bjo.2007.131821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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110
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Suchitra S, Anbu KA, Rathore DK, Mahawar M, Singh BP, Joshi P. Haemonchus contortus calreticulin binds to C-reactive protein of its host, a novel survival strategy of the parasite. Parasite Immunol 2008; 30:371-4. [PMID: 18422872 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3024.2008.01028.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Calreticulin (CalR), a Ca(2+) binding multifunctional protein, is secreted by the parasitic nematode Haemonchus contortus. We have earlier observed binding of this protein to a 24-kDa polypeptide (p24) present in an enriched preparation of prothrombin. In the present study, the identity of p24 was established as a C-reactive protein (CRP) by several criteria. CalR binding to CRP is an elegant strategy devised by the parasite to survive in the host. The secreted CalR may achieve this either by limiting the free concentration of CRP, which has antiparasite activity or inhibit the activation of the classical complement pathway triggered on binding of CRP to C1q protein. CalR binding to CRP would also ensure a check on the procoagulant activity of the CRP enabling parasite to feed on the host blood. Thus, targeting CalR could be a novel strategy to tackle this parasite, which has developed resistance to many anthelmintics.
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Petrossian L, Wilk SJ, Joshi P, Goodnick SM, Thornton TJ. Demonstration of Coulter counting through a cylindrical solid state nanopore. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/109/1/012028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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112
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Hanisch F, Joshi P, Zierz S. AMP deaminase deficiency in skeletal muscle is unlikely to be of clinical relevance. J Neurol 2008; 255:318-22. [DOI: 10.1007/s00415-008-0530-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2006] [Revised: 12/29/2006] [Accepted: 01/16/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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113
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Gupta R, Joshi P, Mohan V, Reddy KS, Yusuf S. Epidemiology and causation of coronary heart disease and stroke in India. Heart 2008; 94:16-26. [PMID: 18083949 DOI: 10.1136/hrt.2007.132951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 250] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are major causes of mortality and disease in the Indian subcontinent, causing more than 25% of deaths. It has been predicted that these diseases will increase rapidly in India and this country will be host to more than half the cases of heart disease in the world within the next 15 years. Coronary heart disease and stroke have increased in both urban and rural areas. Case-control studies indicate that tobacco use, obesity with high waist:hip ratio, high blood pressure, high LDL cholesterol, low HDL cholesterol, abnormal apolipoprotein A-1:B ratio, diabetes, low consumption of fruits and vegetables, sedentary lifestyles and psychosocial stress are important determinants of cardiovascular diseases in India. These risk factors have increased substantially over the past 50 years and to control further escalation it is important to prevent them. National interventions such as increasing tobacco taxes, labelling unhealthy foods and trans fats, reduction of salt in processed foods and better urban design to promote physical activity may have a wide short-term impact.
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Selvakumar G, Mohan M, Kundu S, Gupta A, Joshi P, Nazim S, Gupta H. Cold tolerance and plant growth promotion potential of Serratia marcescens strain SRM (MTCC 8708) isolated from flowers of summer squash (Cucurbita pepo). Lett Appl Microbiol 2007; 46:171-5. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.2007.02282.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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115
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Khambalia A, Joshi P, Brussoni M, Raina P, Morrongiello B, Macarthur C. Risk factors for unintentional injuries due to falls in children aged 0-6 years: a systematic review. Inj Prev 2007; 12:378-81. [PMID: 17170185 PMCID: PMC2564414 DOI: 10.1136/ip.2006.012161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify risk factors for unintentional injuries due to falls in children aged 0-6 years. DESIGN A systematic review of the literature. METHODS Electronic databases from 1966 to March 2005 were comprehensively searched to identify empirical research that evaluated risk factors for unintentional injuries due to falls in children aged 0-6 years and included a comparison group. RESULTS 14 studies met the inclusion criteria. Studies varied by the type of fall injury that was considered (ie, bunk bed, stairway, playground or infant walker) and with respect to the quality of evidence. In general, major risk factors for the incidence or severity of injuries due to falls in children included age of the child, sex, height of the fall, type of surface, mechanism (dropped, stairway or using a walker), setting (day care v home care) and socioeconomic status. CONCLUSION Despite a high burden, few controlled studies have examined the risk and protective factors for injuries due to falls in children aged 0-6 years. The only study to examine falls from a population health perspective suggests that age, sex and poverty are independent risk factors for injuries due to falls in children.
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Varshney A, Agarwal A, Bansal B, Joshi P, Yadu S. POD-06.06: Holmium laser prostatectomy: Indian experience. Urology 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2007.06.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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117
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Varshney A, Agarwal A, Bansal B, Joshi P, Yadu S. MP-20.11: Holmium laser enucleation of prostate for post TURP symptomatic residual/recurrent prostatic adenomas. Urology 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2007.06.342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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118
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Joshi P, Carpenter MP, Fossan DB, Koike T, Paul ES, Rainovski G, Starosta K, Vaman C, Wadsworth R. Effect of gamma softness on the stability of chiral geometry: spectroscopy of 106Ag. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2007; 98:102501. [PMID: 17358525 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.98.102501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2006] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
A study of the nucleus 106Ag has revealed the presence of two strongly coupled negative-parity rotational bands up to the 19- and 20- states, respectively, which cross each other at spin I approximately 14. The data suggest that near the crossover point the bands correspond to different shapes, which is different to the behavior expected from a pair of chiral bands. Inspection of the properties of these bands indicates a triaxial and a planar nature of rotation for the two structures. Possible causes for this may be understood in terms of a shape transformation resulting from the large degree of gamma softness of 106Ag. These data, along with the systematics of the odd-odd structures in the mass 100 region, suggest that gamma softness has marked implications for the phenomenon of nuclear chirality.
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Saini R, Joshi Y, Joshi P. SYNTHESIS OF NOVEL ISOXAZOLE DERIVATIVES FROM 1,3-DIKETONE DERIVATIVES. HETEROCYCL COMMUN 2007. [DOI: 10.1515/hc.2007.13.4.219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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120
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Joshi P, Dollie Q, Sands G, Gerneke D, LeGrice I, Loiselle D. What's Inside a Ventricular Trabecula? Heart Lung Circ 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2007.06.516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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121
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Gupta A, Chen G, Joshi P, Tadigadapa S, Eklund PC. Raman scattering from high-frequency phonons in supported n-graphene layer films. NANO LETTERS 2006; 6:2667-73. [PMID: 17163685 DOI: 10.1021/nl061420a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 302] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Results of room-temperature Raman scattering studies of ultrathin graphitic films supported on Si (100)/SiO2 substrates are reported. The results are significantly different from those known for graphite. Spectra were collected using 514.5 nm radiation on films containing from n = 1 to 20 graphene layers, as determined by atomic force microscopy. Both the first- and second-order Raman spectra show unique signatures of the number of layers in the film. The nGL film analogue of the Raman G-band in graphite exhibits a Lorentzian line shape whose center frequency shifts linearly relative to graphite as approximately 1/n (for n = 1 omegaG approximately 1587 cm-1). Three weak bands, identified with disorder-induced first-order scattering, are observed at approximately 1350, 1450, and 1500 cm-1. The approximately 1500 cm-1 band is weak but relatively sharp and exhibits an interesting n-dependence. In general, the intensity of these D-bands decreases dramatically with increasing n. Three second-order bands are also observed (approximately 2450, approximately 2700, and 3248 cm-1). They are analogues to those observed in graphite. However, the approximately 2700 cm-1 band exhibits an interesting and dramatic change of shape with n. Interestingly, for n < 5 this second-order band is more intense than the G-band.
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Surange R, Joshi P, Ong C, Jeygopal N, Sharma N, Gupta M. UP-03.15. Urology 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2006.08.872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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123
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Joshi P, Evans A, Rana DN, Hale R, Wilson GE, Desai M, Ismail SM. P-3 THE VALUE OF PERITONEAL WASHING CYTOLOGY IN THE STAGING OF GYNAECOLOGICAL MALIGNANCY. Cytopathology 2006. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2303.2006.00392_13_3.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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124
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Rathore DK, Suchitra S, Saini M, Singh BP, Joshi P. Identification of a 66 kDa Haemonchus contortus excretory/secretory antigen that inhibits host monocytes. Vet Parasitol 2006; 138:291-300. [PMID: 16517075 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2006.01.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2005] [Revised: 12/27/2005] [Accepted: 01/26/2006] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
A 66 kDa adult Haemonchus contortus excretory/secretory (E/S) antigen was identified in Western blot by reaction with sera from the infected goats. The protein was purified from the adult worm extract and E/S products by anion exchange and ConA-Sepharose chromatography. The purified protein inhibited monocyte function in vitro as judged by decreased production of hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide in the culture medium. The protein also caused proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The absence of protein in the free living L3 larvae suggests that the expression of this protein coincides with the adaptation to the parasitic life. A correlation of antibody titre and worm burden was observed in the infected goats with higher antibody levels in high worm burdened animals. Anti-protein antibody caused loss of adult worm motility in vitro resulting in the death of the parasite. The fact that the protein is recognized by the host together with in vitro killing of adult parasites by antibodies makes this protein a promising candidate for vaccination trial.
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125
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Hanisch F, Joshi P, Zierz S. AMP deaminase deficiency in skeletal muscle is unlikely to be of clinical relevance. AKTUELLE NEUROLOGIE 2006. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-953317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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126
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Valiente-Dobón JJ, Steinhardt T, Svensson CE, Afanasjev AV, Ragnarsson I, Andreoiu C, Austin RAE, Carpenter MP, Dashdorj D, de Angelis G, Dönau F, Eberth J, Farnea E, Freeman SJ, Gadea A, Garrett PE, Görgen A, Grinyer GF, Hyland B, Jenkins D, Johnston-Theasby F, Joshi P, Jungclaus A, Lieb KP, Macchiavelli AO, Moore EF, Mukherjee G, Napoli DR, Phillips AA, Plettner C, Reviol W, Sarantites D, Schnare H, Schumaker MA, Schwengner R, Seweryniak D, Smith MB, Stefanescu I, Thelen O, Wadsworth R. Evidence for nontermination of rotational bands in 74Kr. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2005; 95:232501. [PMID: 16384300 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.95.232501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2005] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Three rotational bands in 74Kr were studied up to (in one case one transition short of) the maximum spin I(max) of their respective single-particle configurations. Their lifetimes have been determined using the Doppler-shift attenuation method. The deduced transition quadrupole moments reveal a modest decrease, but far from a complete loss of collectivity at the maximum spin I(max). This feature, together with the results of mean field calculations, indicates that the observed bands do not terminate at I = I(max).
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Niermann K, Joshi P, D’Haese P, Duggan D, Cmelak A, Dawant B. Automated Intracranial Contouring for Brain Cancer Patients: Treatment Plan Validation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2005.07.629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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129
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Kumar R, Joshi Y, Joshi P. SYNTHESIS AND SPECTRAL STUDIES OF SOME NOVEL DIALKYL / DIARYL β-DIKETONES AND β-KETOESTERS FROM DIAZONIUM SALT OF 3N-PROPYL-4-AMINO-5-CARBOXAMIDO-N-METHYL PYRAZOLE. HETEROCYCL COMMUN 2005. [DOI: 10.1515/hc.2005.11.3-4.361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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130
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Rodrigues C, Joshi P, Jani SH, Alphonse M, Radhakrishnan R, Mehta A. Detection of -lactamases in nosocomial gram negative clinical isolates. Indian J Med Microbiol 2004; 22:247-50. [PMID: 17642748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
-lactamases represent the most common mechanism of -lactam resistance. Extended spectrum -lactamases (ESBLs) represent a major group of -lactamases currently being identified worldwide in large numbers along with inducible AmpC -lactamases and derepressed mutants. The present study was done to detect -lactamase production in clinical isolates by rearranging routine discs used in reporting susceptibility to specifically assess ESBLs, AmpC -lactamases (both inducible and hyperproducers i.e., derepressed mutants). A total of 286 clinical isolates were studied using a novel predictor disc approximation method to detect the above mechanisms of resistance with careful use and placement of antimicrobial discs. Of the 286 isolates, 151(53%) were ESBL producers of which 131(46%) were also derepressed mutants while remaining 20(7%) were plain ESBL producers. Forty (14%) were plain derepressed mutants. Inducible AmpC -lactamase production was detected in 19(7%) of the isolates. The commonest ESBL producers were E.coli and K. pneumoniae. The high incidence of -lactamase production due to multiple mechanisms in clinical isolates is alarming and urgent action needs to be taken from both a therapeutic and infection control perspective.
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D’Haese P, Niermann K, Cmelak A, Joshi P, Dawant B. Automatic segmentation of the human spinal canal using an intelligent digital atlas. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2004.07.571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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132
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Desapriya EBR, Joshi P, Han G, Rajabali F. Demographic risk factors in pesticide related suicides in Sri Lanka. Inj Prev 2004; 10:125. [PMID: 15066981 PMCID: PMC1730054 DOI: 10.1136/ip.2003.004283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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133
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Sreekumar C, Rao JR, Mishra AK, Ray D, Joshi P, Singh RK. Detection of toxoplasmosis in experimentally infected goats by PCR. Vet Rec 2004; 154:632-5. [PMID: 15180398 DOI: 10.1136/vr.154.20.632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
PCR was used to diagnose toxoplasmosis in two pairs of Barbari goats infected by oral administration of doses of either 10(4) or 10(5) oocysts of Toxoplasma gondii. Blood and lymph node aspirates were collected from the infected goats and control goat at intervals, and tissues were also collected from a fetus that was aborted and a doe that died during the trial. Both processed and unprocessed samples were used for the PCR, using primers directed to the multicopy B1 gene. None of the blood samples was positive, but a specific signal was obtained from the lymph node aspirates after partial DNA extraction. Direct PCR of the lung, muscle and mesenteric lymph node of the doe and lung tissue of the aborted fetus yielded the target fragment. The simplified PCR protocols, including partial DNA extraction and direct assay of lung tissue, were effective for the diagnosis of toxoplasmosis.
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Joshi Y, Joshi P, Chauhan SS, Nigam S. SYNTHESIS OF NOVEL PYRAZOLE DERIVATIVES FROM DIARYL 1,3-DIKETONES (PART-II). HETEROCYCL COMMUN 2004. [DOI: 10.1515/hc.2004.10.2-3.249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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135
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Shakya KN, Joshi P, Piya A, Baral MR. Efficacy and tolerability of Ketotifen in Nepalese asthmatic children: a clinical study. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2003; 1:242-7. [PMID: 16388263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the efficacy of Ketotifen in asthmatic children and to record its adverse effects, if any. DESIGN Prospective clinical trial. SETTING Pediatric asthma follow up clinic of a teaching hospital. PARTICIPANTS 23 asthmatic children between 3 and 15 years; 100% completed the trial on full protocol. INTERVENTIONS Ketotifen 1mg (adjusted according to body weight, 50 mcg/kg/dose) orally twice daily for 9 months. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES PRIMARY OUTCOME Decrease in frequency of asthmatic attacks and severity of exacerbations with improvements in peak expiratory flow rates (PEFR). Other measures included decrease in bronchodilator requirement, steroid doses and parental perception regarding patient quality of life. RESULTS 34.78% children were symptom free by the end of 2nd 3 months and 65.21% had no further attack by the end of 3rd 3 months of Ketotifen prophylaxis. Those children with activity and sleep 'affected' (8.69%) and 'may be affected' (30.43%) together improved to 'may be affected' group (21.73%) by the end of 2nd 3 months and further reduced to 8.69% by the conclusion of 3rd 3 months. The duration of exacerbations was reduced in the remaining cases. Variability of PEFR decreased from 26.08% to 8.69% of children after the 3rd 3 months of Ketotifen prophylaxis. No significant adverse effect of therapy was observed during the study. CONCLUSION Oral Ketotifen is effective and well tolerated for use in prophylactic treatment of bronchial asthma in children.
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Abstract
Acute confusional states in the older patient often have a remediable cause. Every effort should be made to ascertain the cause so that appropriate treatment can be given and future episodes prevented. A patient is described who presented with recurrent episodes of acute psychosis after ingestion of Atropa belladonna (deadly nightshade).
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Koren G, Kopecky E, Jacobson S, Joshi P, Harsanyi Z. Systemic exposure to morphine and the risk of acute chest syndrome in sickle cell disease. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-9236(03)90389-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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138
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Nigam S, Joshi Y, Joshi P. SYNTHESIS OF NOVEL PYRAZOLE DERIVATIVES FROM DIARYL 1,3-DIKETONES (PART-I). HETEROCYCL COMMUN 2003. [DOI: 10.1515/hc.2003.9.4.405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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139
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Joshi P, Shaw A, Kakakios A, Isaacs D. Interferon-gamma levels in nasopharyngeal secretions of infants with respiratory syncytial virus and other respiratory viral infections. Clin Exp Immunol 2003; 131:143-7. [PMID: 12519398 PMCID: PMC1808612 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2249.2003.02039.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection, one of the most common causes of hospitalization of children in developed countries, has been implicated as a cause of asthma. We aimed to characterize the cytokine profile in nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPAs) taken from infants during upper respiratory tract infection to investigate whether RSV induced a unique immune response as compared with other viruses. Additionally, we sought to determine whether this profile was influenced by the infants' atopic status. A prospective birth cohort of babies at high risk of atopy was recruited. Ratios of a T-helper 1 (Th1) cytokine, interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) and a T-helper 2 (Th2)-like cytokine, interleukin-10 (IL-10), in NPAs were determined during episodes of respiratory tract infections in the first year. The viral aetiology of the respiratory tract infections was determined using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), culture and immunofluorescence. Atopic status was ascertained at 1 year of age using skin prick tests. Participants were recruited antenatally and subsequently followed in the community. Sixty babies with one or both parents atopic were enrolled into the study. IFN-gamma : IL-10 ratios in NPAs during upper respiratory tract infections and their correlation with viral aetiology and atopic status were the main outcome measures. The mean IFN-gamma : IL-10 ratio was significantly lower (due to lower IFN-gamma) during RSV infections than during infections with other viruses (P = 0.035). The cytokine ratio, however, did not differ between infants with or without wheeze during URTIs (P = 0.44), or between infants who were atopic or non-atopic (P = 0.49). This study suggests that RSV is associated with lower IFN-gamma production in young babies, regardless of their atopic status, compared to upper respiratory tract infections where either another virus is detected or where no viral identification is made.
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140
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Joshi P, Thomas DI. The influence of abdominoplasty surgery on assessment of level of subarachnoid block. Anaesthesia 2002; 57:515-7. [PMID: 12004820 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2044.2002.262624.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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141
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Shah SR, Joshi P, Bhaduri AS, Bhalerao RA. Cystic variant of embryonal sarcoma of liver. Indian J Gastroenterol 2002; 21:35-6. [PMID: 11871838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Embryonal sarcoma of the liver is an unusual tumor. The cystic form is rare and can mimic hydatid disease. We present a case that was mistakenly treated as a hydatid cyst for 3 months. Surgery was successful in removing the mass.
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142
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Anjum R, Joshi P, Khar A. Induction of apoptosis in AK-5 tumor cells by a serum factor from tumor rejecting animals: cytochrome c release independent of Bcl-2 and caspases. Cell Death Differ 2001; 8:1038-46. [PMID: 11598802 DOI: 10.1038/sj.cdd.4400915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2001] [Revised: 04/24/2001] [Accepted: 05/24/2001] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to selectively induce apoptosis in tumor cells is the prime goal in cancer immunotherapy and aims at identifying potential molecular targets, regulating this process. Here we show that the sera from the animals which had spontaneously rejected the AK-5 tumor (a rat histiocytoma) had an effective and potent ability to counteract and kill tumor cells by inducing apoptosis, with a high degree of specificity. Apoptosis induced by the serum factor involved the activation of caspases and cytochrome c release to the cytosol. A reduction in mitochondrial transmembrane potential (Delta psi(m)) occurred considerably later than cytochrome c translocation. The anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 and the pancaspase inhibitor zVAD-fmk did not prevent cytochrome c release, but completely blocked the reduction in Delta psi(m), DNA fragmentation and apoptosis. Cyclosporin A (CsA), an inhibitor of the mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) pore had no effect on cytochrome c release and apoptosis mediated by serum factor in AK-5 cells, suggesting that apoptosis was independent of MPT. Taken together these results suggest that the serum factor in conjunction with the immune cells may be participating in the efficient rejection of the tumor in syngeneic hosts and Delta psi(m) disruption but not cytochrome c release, is a critical and decisive event to trigger apoptotic cell death induced by the serum factor in AK-5 tumor cells.
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143
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Parihar HS, Suryanarayanan A, Ma C, Joshi P, Venkataraman P, Schulte MK, Kirschbaum KS. 5-HT(3)R binding of lerisetron: an interdisciplinary approach to drug-Receptor interactions. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2001; 11:2133-6. [PMID: 11514154 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(01)00417-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The design, synthesis, and use of lerisetron-based molecular probes to investigate the 5-HT(3)R binding site are described. A SAR study, which involved distance and electronic parameter modifications of lerisetron's N-benzyl group, resulted in the discovery of a partial agonist.
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144
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Simonsen HT, Nordskjold JB, Smitt UW, Nyman U, Palpu P, Joshi P, Varughese G. In vitro screening of Indian medicinal plants for antiplasmodial activity. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2001; 74:195-204. [PMID: 11167038 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-8741(00)00369-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Plants traditionally used in India to treat fever or malaria were examined in vitro for antiplasmodial properties against Plasmodium falciparum. Of 80 analysed ethanol extracts, from 47 species, significant effects were found for 31 of the extracts. These represent 23 different species from 20 families. Of the active species 20 were tested against P. falciparum for the first time. The following five species seems to be of special interest for further antimalarial studies, Casearia elliptica, Holarrhena pubescens, Pongamia pinnata, Soymida febrifuga, and Plumbago zeylanica.
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145
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Nagpal A, Unny R, Joshi P, Joshi Y. SYNTHESIS OF 1, 3-DIKETONE AND ITS REACTION WITH DIFFERENT N-NUCLEOPHILES (PART I). HETEROCYCL COMMUN 2001. [DOI: 10.1515/hc.2001.7.6.589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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146
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Fotouhi N, Joshi P, Fry D, Cook C, Tilley JW, Kaplan G, Hanglow A, Rowan K, Schwinge V, Wolitzky B. The design and synthesis of potent cyclic peptide VCAM-VLA-4 antagonists incorporating an achiral Asp-Pro mimetic. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2000; 10:1171-3. [PMID: 10866374 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(00)00174-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The Asp-Pro sequence of the cyclic peptide Ac-HN-Tyr-Cys*-Asp-Pro-Cys*-OH (1) could be replaced with the achiral dipeptide mimetic 1-(2-aminoethyl)cyclpentylcarboxylic acid with retention of potent inhibition of the VCAM-VLA-4 interaction.
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147
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Fotouhi N, Joshi P, Tilley JW, Rowan K, Schwinge V, Wolitzky B. Cyclic thioether peptide mimetics as VCAM-VLA-4 antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2000; 10:1167-9. [PMID: 10866373 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(00)00175-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Selective substitution of a sulfur atom by carbon in a highly potent 13-membered cyclic disulfide was accomplished by intramolecular displacement of a bromide. The potency of the resulting thioethers in the VCAM/VLA-4 assay was dependent on ring size and the position of the sulfur atom.
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148
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Heller R, O'Connell R, Lim L, Aggrawal A, Nogueira A, Alvares Salis LH, Jialiang W, Qian W, Kuaban C, Muna W, Khedr S, Prasad K, Joshi P, John KR, Mathai D, Roxas A, Donaldo M, Poungvarin N, Silberberg D, Pack A, Pelak V, Matenga J, Noguira A. Variation in in-patient stroke management in ten centres in different countries: the INCLEN multicentre stroke collaboration. J Neurol Sci 1999; 167:11-5. [PMID: 10500255 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-510x(99)00064-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Large within-country variations have been described in stroke management and there have been a few studies of between-country variation (in the USA and the UK). We designed a study to examine stroke management across a wide range of countries representing different stages of economic development. Large variations would suggest the need to explore methods of increasing the uptake of evidence-based stroke practice. METHODS Members of the International Clinical Epidemiology Network (INCLEN) from 14 centres in ten countries agreed to review the records of the last 50 patients admitted to hospital with a clinical diagnosis of stroke. Information on demographic variables, the clinical diagnosis of stroke type, investigations performed and treatments given and the discharge destination of the patient were recorded and sent to the coordinating centre in Australia for analysis. RESULTS There were statistically significant between-centre differences in the proportions of patients cared for by a neurologist, staying in hospital for at least ten days and having CT or MRI scans. Significant between-centre differences were also seen for treatment, for example, the use of aspirin in non-haemorrhagic stroke varied from 11 to 79%. The variation (for all interventions studied) was no longer statistically significant when examined within strata according to availability of facilities. CONCLUSIONS The large variation between centres in the management of stroke is largely 'explained' by the availability of resources, even for interventions that do not depend on resource availability. It will be important to develop management guidelines that reflect evidence-based practice of relevance across a range of economic settings.
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149
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Cunha-Gomes D, Joshi P, Bhathena H, Kavarana NM. The lateral tongue flap: a salvage option for reconstruction of buccal recurrences. ACTA CHIRURGIAE PLASTICAE 1999; 41:7-10. [PMID: 10394173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surgery in an irradiated, previously operated field is fraught with danger. Though microvascular tissue transfers are being gone, they may not be feasible in all circumstances. METHODS A lateral tongue flap was executed in 11 cases of intraoral buccal recurrence. The aims of this study were to evaluate the procedure, the function of the remaining tongue and the speed of rehabilitation with respect to preoperative functional status. RESULTS Out of 11 such reconstructions in a period of 12 months, only 1 flap had tip necrosis while a haematoma developed in 2 cases. Swallowing, speech, and tongue protrusion were not significantly hampered by the procedure. Patients were rehabilitated very quickly (within 2 weeks), to preoperative functional status. CONCLUSIONS The Lateral Tongue Flap is a simple, robust vascular transfer and an effective salvage reconstructive option in a post-excisional defect caused by a recurrent intraoral cancer.
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150
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Purandare N, Aitken L, Joshi P, Thomas CS. Use of high-dose depot neuroleptics. PSYCHIATRIC BULLETIN 1999. [DOI: 10.1192/pb.23.6.339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Aims and methodsTo identify and reduce the number of patients receiving depot neuroleptics above the British National Formulary maximum. The medical records were scrutinised and individual consultants were informed of the results.ResultsFor the team involved in this audit there was a significant reduction in the prescription of high-dose depot medication, but this did not generalise to other teams.Clinical implicationsDifferent teams should repeat the audit and a new depot card has been developed.
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