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Cui K, Wang XP, Hu SC, Gao TY, Yang G. Shape Optimization of High-Speed Train with the Speed of 500kph. PROCEEDINGS OF THE 1ST INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON HIGH-SPEED AND INTERCITY RAILWAYS 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-27963-8_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Zhang CY, Chen J, Zhuang Z, Zhang T, Wang XP, Fang QF. In situ hybridization and characterization of fibrous hydroxyapatite/chitosan nanocomposite. J Appl Polym Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/app.35103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Wu YF, Liang XJ, Liu YY, Gong W, Liu JX, Wang XP, Zhuang ZQ, Guo Y, Shen HY. +Antisense oligonucleotide targeting survivin inhibits growth by inducing apoptosis in human osteosarcoma cells MG-63. Neoplasma 2010; 57:501-6. [PMID: 20845987 DOI: 10.4149/neo_2010_06_501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Survivin may play an important role in the development of osteosarcoma. In this study, we chose osteosarcoma cell line MG-63, which highly expressed survivin, to observe the effects of antisense oligonucleotide targeting survivin on the apoptosis induction and proliferation inhibition. It was shown in our results that the apoptosis rate and the proliferation inhibition rate increased significantly in survivin-positive cells MG-63 by using MTT and flow cytometry methods. We found that the growth inhibition rate and apoptosis rate were changed in a dose-dependent way. When the concentration of antisurvivin oligonucleotide was 600 nM, the effects reached the peak. RT-PCR and western-blot methods were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression of survivin in MG-63. We observed that the mRNA and protein expression of survivin reduced after transfected with antisurvivin oligonucleotides at the concentration of 200 nM, 400 nM and 600 nM. At the same time, we found that the mRNA and protein expression of Fas were up-regulated with the concentration of antisurvivin oligonucleotides from 200 nM to 600 nM. It was negative associated with the expression change of survivin. These data suggested that survivin should play an important role in the development of osteosarcoma and the survivin blockaded by using antisurvivin oligonucleotide could inhibit the proliferation and induce apoptosis of osteosarcoma by decreasing the expression of survivin and activate the Fas-mediated apoptosis. Down-regulation of survivin by antisense oligonucleotide might be an effective strategy to the treatment of osteosarcoma and might improve the therapeutic effect. KEYWORDS osteosarcoma, Survivin, apoptosis, Fas.
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Zhang CY, Lu H, Zhuang Z, Wang XP, Fang QF. Nano-hydroxyapatite/poly(L-lactic acid) composite synthesized by a modified in situ precipitation: preparation and properties. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2010; 21:3077-3083. [PMID: 20890640 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-010-4161-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2009] [Accepted: 09/21/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Nano-hydroxyapatite/poly(L-lactic acid) (nano-HA/PLLA) composites with uniform HA distribution and good mechanical performance were fabricated by a modified in situ precipitation method, using Ca(OH)(2) and H(3)PO(4) as precursors for the synthesis of HA phase. This method has solved the aggregation problem of the nano-sized particles in the polymer matrix. The X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy were used to characterize the phase composition, chemical interactions and morphology of the composites, while the mechanical properties were determined by compressive measurements. The results show that the rod-like nano-HA particles synthesized by this method were uniformly distributed in the PLLA matrix. The compressive strength and Young's modulus of the composites were greatly enhanced and reached the values of 155 MPa and 3.6 GPa at 20 wt% HA content, respectively, which are much higher than those of the reference samples fabricated by direct mixing of PLLA with nano-HA particles. This supports the potential of these composites for applications in bone tissue engineering and load bearing bone defects repair.
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Wu GJ, Yuan F, Du MH, Han HT, Lu LQ, Yan L, Zhang WX, Wang XP, Sun P, Li ZD. Early embryonic blood cells collect antigens and induce immunotolerance in the hatched chicken. Poult Sci 2010; 89:457-63. [PMID: 20181860 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2009-00437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Earlier experimental data in our laboratory showed that introduction of an exogenous protein into early chicken embryonic blood leads to immunotolerance of hatched chicken to that protein. However, the underlying mechanism is yet unknown. In the present study, we show that the blood cells collecting circulating antigen might contribute to the establishment of immunotolerance. In this experiment, most of the chicken embryo blood cells took up injected fluorescein isothiocyanate-BSA at approximately embryonic d 3. At the same stage, 1 microL of embryo blood was taken out and incubated with BSA. After being loaded with BSA in vitro and washed, these cells were injected back into the original embryo. The BSA-specific lymphocytes were depleted in chickens whose early embryo cells had been loaded with BSA, as evidenced by a significant decrease in anti-BSA antibody after challenge with BSA when the chickens were 3 wk old. In addition, by direct injection of BSA to embryonic d 3 embryo blood, the hatched chickens had decreased amounts of anti-trinitrophenol antibody after the chickens were challenged with trinitrophenol-BSA, indicating that the helper function of BSA-specific T cells was impaired. In conclusion, these observations suggest that some early embryo blood cells possibly collect and store antigen for the establishment of self-tolerance before the maturation of B and T cells.
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Zhang LP, Gan QF, Ma TH, Li HD, Wang XP, Li JY, Gao X, Chen JB, Ren HY, Xu SZ. Toll-like receptor 2 gene polymorphism and its relationship with SCS in dairy cattle. Anim Biotechnol 2009; 20:87-95. [PMID: 19544205 DOI: 10.1080/10495390902873096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) plays an important role in the innate immune response to a variety of pathogens. In this study, bovine TLR2 gene was taken as a candidate gene for mastitis resistance. Through PCR-SSCP analysis and sequencing, three missense mutations at T385 G, G398A, and G1884A were detected in the coding region that encoded extracellular domain. Altogether 240 dairy cattle of three breeds (Holstein, Simmental, and Sanhe cattle) were genotyped and allele frequencies were determined. The effects of TLR2 polymorphisms on somatic cell score (SCS) were analyzed and significant association was found between T385 G and SCS. The mean of genotype GG was significantly lower than those of genotype TT and TG. No significant associations were found with SCS for G398A and G1884A. Information provided in this research will be useful in further studies to determine the role of TLR2 gene in the mastitis resistance.
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Wang XP, Huo J, Liu Y, Wang WJ, Xu QQ, Ma JH, An JG, Wang JM, Xiao SX. A Chinese family with lipoid proteinosis resulting from a homozygous missense mutation in the extracellular matrix protein 1 gene. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2009; 23:1336-8. [PMID: 19368610 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2009.03207.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Lu H, Zhang T, Wang XP, Fang QF. Electrospun submicron bioactive glass fibers for bone tissue scaffold. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2009; 20:793-798. [PMID: 19020952 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-008-3649-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2008] [Accepted: 11/03/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Submicron bioactive glass fibers 70S30C (70 mol% SiO(2), 30 mol% CaO) acting as bone tissue scaffolds were fabricated by electrospinning method. The scaffold is a hierarchical pore network that consists of interconnected fibers with macropores and mesopores. The structure, morphological characterization and mechanical properties of the submicron bioactive glass fibers were studied by XRD, EDS, FIIR, SEM, N(2) gas absorption analyses and nanoindentation. The effect of the voltage on the morphology of electrospun bioactive glass fibers was investigated. It was found that decreasing the applied voltage from 19 to 7 kV can facilitate the formation of finer fibers with fewer bead defects. The hardness and Young's modulus of submicron bioactive glass fibers were measured as 0.21 and 5.5 GPa, respectively. Comparing with other bone tissue scaffolds measured by nanoindentation, the elastic modulus of the present scaffold was relatively high and close to the bone.
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Niu SY, Wang XP, Hao FG, Zhao RX. Effect of the polymorphism of RBP4 and OPN genes on litter size in Tibet pigs. ACTA AGR SCAND A-AN 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/09064700802054170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Ni JD, Jin YH, Dai B, Wang XP, Liu DQ, Chen X, Zheng Y, Ye DQ. Recent epidemiological changes in meningococcal disease may be due to the displacement of serogroup A by serogroup C in Hefei city, China. Postgrad Med J 2008; 84:87-92. [DOI: 10.1136/pgmj.2007.065680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Wang XP, Yang BQ, Zhang HX, Feng PX. Tungsten Oxide Nanorods Array and Nanobundle Prepared by Using Chemical Vapor Deposition Technique. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2007; 2:405. [PMCID: PMC3246383 DOI: 10.1007/s11671-007-9075-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2007] [Accepted: 06/15/2007] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Tungsten oxide (WO3) nanorods array prepared using chemical vapor deposition techniques was studied. The influence of oxygen gas concentration on the nanoscale tungsten oxide structure was observed; it was responsible for the stoichiometric and morphology variation from nanoscale particle to nanorods array. Experimental results also indicated that the deposition temperature was highly related to the morphology; the chemical structure, however, was stable. The evolution of the crystalline structure and surface morphology was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectra and X-ray diffraction approaches. The stoichiometric variation was indicated by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
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Zhang W, Ni HG, Wang XP. Surface properties of latex film and solvent-borne film resulted from fluorinated acrylate copolymers prepared by emulsion polymerization. EXPRESS POLYM LETT 2007. [DOI: 10.3144/expresspolymlett.2007.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Wang ZY, Tian SF, Wang XP, Wang SF, Li RQ, Chu YL, Ruan L. [Codon usage of Chinese hamster ovary cells.]. ZHONGHUA SHI YAN HE LIN CHUANG BING DU XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA SHIYAN HE LINCHUANG BINGDUXUE ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL VIROLOGY 2006; 20:266-9. [PMID: 17086290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the optimal codons of dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr) minus Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO dhfr-). METHODS A cDNA library of CHO dhfr- containing high abundence mRNA was constructed and protein-coding sequences were obtained after identification and analysis. Codon frequence of CHO dhf- was compared with that of Chinese hamster in CUTG database. Then codon usage variation among cDNA was investigated using correspondence analysis (COA). RESULTS Fifty qualified cDNAs from CHO dhfr- were selected, which encodes proteins of high abundence. Comparing with the codon frequence of Chinese hamster, the highest frequence of synonymous codons for amino acids in CHO dhfr- cells were the same as Chinese hamster except that of Arg and Pro. This method of COA identifies the first main factor which can account for the largest fractions (14.7%) of variation among cDNAs. Twenty-two synonymous codons were identified as the optimal codons of CHO cell. CONCLUSION CHO dhfr- cell has its own optimal codons, it is suggested that codon bias is one of reasons for functional diversity of different mammal cells and it is an effective stratagy to modification of the codon usage of the foreign gene according to the optimal codons of CHO dhfr- to increase the production of foreign gene.
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Wang XP, Norman M, Yang J, Magnusson J, Kreienkamp HJ, Richter D, DeMayo FJ, Brunicardi FC. Alterations in glucose homeostasis in SSTR1 gene-ablated mice. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2006; 247:82-90. [PMID: 16406265 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2005.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2005] [Revised: 11/03/2005] [Accepted: 11/04/2005] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
SSTR1 is found on the majority of human pancreatic beta cells, however, its role in insulin secretion has yet to be elucidated. In this study, we used the SSTR1 knockout mouse model to examine the role of SSTR1 in insulin secretion and glucose homeostasis in mice. Despite the reported effect of SSTR1 in inhibiting growth hormone secretion, SSTR1-/- mice had significantly reduced body weight with growth retardation. Perfusion of isolated mouse pancreata at 3 months of age demonstrated a significant increase in insulin secretion in SSTR1-/- mice compared with that of WT controls. We also found that at 3 months of age, SSTR1-/- mice had significantly decreased levels of systemic insulin secretion and were glucose intolerant. However, SSTR1 gene-ablated mice had a much higher rate of insulin clearance compared to WT mice at the same age. When challenged at 12 months of age, we found SSTR1-/- mice had increased glucose tolerance with exaggerated increase of insulin levels at the end of the experiment. Immunochemical analysis showed that the pancreatic islets of SSTR1-/- mice had significantly decreased levels of somatostatin staining and a significant decrease of SSTR5 expression. These results demonstrate that SSTR1 plays an important role in the regulation of insulin secretion in the endocrine pancreas in mice.
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Goodwin LO, Wang XP, Goodwin C, Guzowski D, Gawel C, Chandrasekaran A, Mann-Finnerty K, Correll C. 25 EVALUATION OF NEUROPEPTIDE CONCENTRATIONS IN SERUM SAMPLES ANALYZED BY ENZYME-LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAY. J Investig Med 2006. [DOI: 10.2310/6650.2005.x0015.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Handley S, Wang XP, Sola A, Wen TC, Genetta T, Moore J, Rogido M. 220 EXPOSURE TO HYPEROXIA CAUSES OXIDATIVE STRESS AND INCREASES APOPTOTIC-LIKE CELL DEATH IN THE MURINE DEVELOPING BRAIN. J Investig Med 2006. [DOI: 10.2310/6650.2005.x0008.219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Dankittipakul P, Sonthichai S, Wang XP. Ten new species of coelotine spiders (Araneae, Amaurobiidae) fromThailand. REV SUISSE ZOOL 2006. [DOI: 10.5962/bhl.part.80337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Wang XP, Norman M, Yang J, Liu SH, Magnusson J, DeMayo FJ, Brunicardi FC. The effect of global SSTR5 gene ablation on the endocrine pancreas and glucose regulation in aging mice. J Surg Res 2005; 129:64-72. [PMID: 16026801 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2005.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2004] [Revised: 04/20/2005] [Accepted: 05/31/2005] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of global gene ablation of SSTR5 on the endocrine pancreas, insulin secretion, and glucose tolerance in aging mice, as SSTR5 is a primary regulator of insulin secretion in the mouse pancreas. METHODS Global SSTR5-/- mice were generated and genotypes were verified using Southern blot and RT-PCR. Glucose tolerance and in vivo insulin secretion in SSTR5-/- and WT mice were examined using intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT;1.2-2.0 mg/kg) at 3 and 12 months of age (n = 8 per group). Basal and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in vitro was studied using the isolated perfused mouse pancreas model at 3 and 12 months. Pancreata were removed and levels of insulin, glucagon, somatostatin, and SSTR1 were studied using immunohistochemical analysis along with H&E staining of the pancreata. RESULTS Genotyping verified the absence of SSTR5 in SSTR5-/- mice. IPGTT demonstrated that 3-month-old SSTR5-/- mice were glucose intolerant despite similar insulin secretion both in vivo and in vitro and enlarged islets. At 12 months of age, SSTR5-/- mice had basal hypoglycemia and improved glucose intolerance associated with hyperinsulinemia in vivo and in vitro and enlarged islets. SSTR5-/- mice had increased insulin clearance at 3 and 12 months of age. SSTR1 expression was significantly increased in islets at 3 months of age, but was nearly absent in islets at 12 months of age, as was somatostatin staining in SSTR5-/- mice. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that both SSTR5 and SSTR1 play a pivotal role in insulin secretion and glucose regulation in mice and that their regulatory effects are age-related.
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Wang XP, Yang J, Norman MA, Magnusson J, DeMayo FJ, Brunicardi FC. SSTR5 ablation in islet results in alterations in glucose homeostasis in mice. FEBS Lett 2005; 579:3107-14. [PMID: 15919085 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2005.04.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2005] [Revised: 04/25/2005] [Accepted: 04/26/2005] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Somatostatin (SST) peptide is a potent inhibitor of insulin secretion and its effect is mediated via somatostatin receptor 5 (SSTR5) in the endocrine pancreas. To investigate the consequences of gene ablation of SSTR5 in the mouse pancreas, we have generated a mouse model in which the SSTR5 gene was specifically knocked down in the pancreatic beta cells (betaSSTR5Kd) using the Cre-lox system. Immunohistochemistry analysis showed that SSTR5 gene expression was absent in beta cells at three months of age. At the time of gene ablation, betaSSTR5Kd mice demonstrated glucose intolerance with lack of insulin response and significantly reduced serum insulin levels. Insulin tolerance test demonstrated a significant increase of insulin clearance in vivo at the same age. In vitro studies demonstrated an absence of response to SST-28 stimulation in the betaSSTR5Kd mouse islet, which was associated with a significantly reduced SST expression level in betaSSTR5Kd mice pancreata. In addition, betaSSTR5Kd mice had significantly reduced serum glucose levels and increased serum insulin levels at 12 months of age. Glucose tolerance test at an older age also indicated a persistently higher insulin level in betaSSTR5Kd mice. Further studies of betaSSTR5Kd mice had revealed elevated serum C-peptide levels at both 3 and 12 months of age, suggesting that these mice are capable of producing and releasing insulin to the periphery. These results support the hypothesis that SSTR5 plays a pivotal role in the regulation of insulin secretion in the mouse pancreas.
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Wang XP, Yazawa K, Templeton NS, Yang J, Liu S, Li Z, Li M, Yao Q, Chen C, Brunicardi FC. Intravenous Delivery of Liposome-mediated Nonviral DNA Is Less Toxic than Intraperitoneal Delivery in Mice. World J Surg 2005; 29:339-43. [PMID: 15706434 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-004-7822-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Suicide gene therapy has been shown to be an effective means of destroying pancreatic cancer cells. Liposomes have been described as having better efficacy in gene delivery, and an advantage of using liposomes as gene carriers is that they can be used repeatedly in vivo. The objective of this study is to compare the effect of gene delivery routes and to determine whether systemic delivery of the rat insulin promoter (RIP)-directed suicide gene construct would permit cell-specific gene delivery in vivo. Severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice were injected with liposome-RIP-TK (thymidine kinase) complex by either the intraperitoneal or the intravenous route. Twenty-four hours post gene delivery, mice received ganciclovir (GCV) treatment twice daily for 14 days. Mice were sacrificed at various time points. Complete necropsy and serum chemistry analysis were performed. Islet morphology was determined using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. Serum glucose and insulin levels were also determined. To determine the toxic effect on pancreatic islet cells, immunostaining of insulin-producing and glucagon-producing cells was carried out at each time point. H&E staining indicated that both intravenous and intraperitoneal liposome-RIP-TK gene expression had no effect in normal endocrine islet cells. Both gene-delivery routes in mice resulted in normal glycemia and serum insulin levels. The endocrine islets were intact, with a normal distribution pattern of insulin-producing beta cells and glucagon-secreting alpha cells. However, serum chemistry analysis revealed significantly elevated levels of liver enzymes; suggesting that possible liver damage had occurred with the intraperitoneal gene delivery of liposome-pRIP-TK. Intravenous liposome-mediated gene delivery had no effect on liver enzyme levels. Liposome-mediated gene delivery via intravenous injection was less toxic than intraperitoneal delivery. This gene-delivery route requires fewer liposome-DNA complexes and maintains normal liver function. Thus, intravenous delivery of gene therapy would be superior to intraperitoneal administration of gene therapy in mice.
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Ciener D, Wang XP, Wen TC, Genetta T, Rogido M. 321 S-ADENOSYLMETHIONINE AMELIORATES ETHANOL-INDUCED OXIDATIVE DAMAGE IN THE MURINE DEVELOPING BRAIN. J Investig Med 2005. [DOI: 10.2310/6650.2005.00006.320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Wang XP, Norman MA, Yang J, Cheung A, Moldovan S, Demayo FJ, Brunicardi FC. Double-gene ablation of SSTR1 and SSTR5 results in hyperinsulinemia and improved glucose tolerance in mice. Surgery 2004; 136:585-92. [PMID: 15349106 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2004.05.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies conducted in our laboratory showed that single-gene ablation of somatostatin receptor (SSTR)1 or 5 results in diabetes in mice. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of double-gene ablation of SSTR1 and SSTR5 on insulin secretion and glucose homeostasis in mice. METHODS SSTR1/5 -/- mice and wild-type (WT) control mice were generated and their genotype verified via polymerase chain reaction. Insulin secretion and glucose levels in these mice were examined with the use of an intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (1.2-2.0 g/kg body weight). In vitro glucose-stimulated insulin secretion was studied with the use of the isolated perfused mouse pancreas model and islet culture techniques. Pancreata morphologic alterations were determined, and an immunohistochemistry analysis was performed. RESULTS In vitro incubation of isolated islets from WT mice with somatostatin peptides resulted in significant reduction in insulin secretion, whereas SSTR1/5 -/- mouse islets had no response to somatostatin peptides confirming SSTR1/5 gene ablation. SSTR1/5 -/- mice also had significant increase of both basal and glucose-stimulated insulin levels in vitro. During the intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test, SSTR1/5 -/- mice had significantly improved glucose tolerance and sustained an increase in late-phase insulin secretion in vivo. Histological analysis demonstrated significant islet hyperplasia in the SSTR 1/5 -/- mouse pancreas. Immunostaining revealed an overall increase of glucagon and pancreatic polypeptide-producing cells in the islets of SSTR1/5 -/- mice. CONCLUSIONS Double-gene ablation of SSTR1 and SSTR5 in mice resulted in a distinct phenotype with islet cell hyperplasia, hyperinsulinemia, and improved glucose tolerance. This form of diabetes differs from that seen in mice in which only the SSTR1 or SSTR5 gene was ablated. These results demonstrate that SSTR1 and SSTR5 are important regulators of insulin secretion and glucose regulation, and suggest that SSTR1 and SSTR5 are coordinately regulated.
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Ramírez JL, Grant M, Norman M, Wang XP, Moldovan S, de Mayo FJ, Brunicardi C, Kumar U. Deficiency of somatostatin (SST) receptor type 5 (SSTR5) is associated with sexually dimorphic changes in the expression of SST and SST receptors in brain and pancreas. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2004; 221:105-19. [PMID: 15223137 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2004.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2003] [Revised: 01/30/2004] [Accepted: 02/03/2004] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The actions of somatostatin (SST) are mediated through five somatostatin receptor subtypes, termed SSTR1-5. Although SSTRs commonly display an overlapping pattern of tissue distribution, subtype-selective responses have been shown to occur in the same tissue. In the present study, we have investigated the changes in SSTR subtypes at the cellular and molecular level in both the brain and the pancreatic islets of mice deficient in SSTR5 (SSTR5KO). Expression levels of insulin and glucagon were also determined in the pancreas of these mice. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot analysis showed significant increases in the expression of SSTR2 and 3 with a corresponding reduction in SSTR4 in the brains of female SSTR5KOs, while no changes were observed in male KOs. Strikingly, SST mRNA and SST-like immunoreactivity (SST-LI) were reduced in the brain of male KO animals but not in their female counterparts. In male SSTR5KO islets, there was an increase in the number of cells immunoreactive for SSTR1-3, whereas in female islets only SSTR3 expression was increased. Pancreatic SST-LI and SST mRNA, as well as immunoreactivity for insulin were reduced in male but not in female KO mice. These data indicate that deficiency of SSTR5 leads to subtype-selective sexually dimorphic changes in the expression of both brain and pancreatic SSTRs.
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Wang XP, Fan CB, Zhou JN. Alien hand syndrome: contradictive movement and disorder of color discrimination. Neurol India 2004; 52:109-10. [PMID: 15069255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
A senile Chinese female patient with alien hand syndrome of vascular etiology is reported. This case exhibited contradictive movement, left-lateral paresis and disorder of color discrimination, which might be a new subtype of the alien limb syndrome.
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Wang XP, Yang RM. Movement Disorders Possibly Induced by Traditional Chinese Herbs. Eur Neurol 2003; 50:153-9. [PMID: 14530621 DOI: 10.1159/000073056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2002] [Accepted: 04/23/2003] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The authors describe the neurological presentation and CT/MRI findings in 4 patients exposed to overdoses of decoctions of two different Chinese herbs. Case 1, a 15-year-old boy, ingested herba serissae along with the safe-dosage Salvia miltiorrhiza for treating a left renal stone. Sophora subprostrata root (SSR) was primarily used for treating three other diseases: viral B hepatitis in case 2, a 9-year-old boy; infection of the throat and a low fever in case 3, a 11-year-old girl, and a minor facial infection in case 4, a 12-year-old boy. All patients showed complex neurological manifestations primarily including convulsions, mental changes and dystonia syndromes. Their CT and/or MRI revealed abnormal density lesions in the striatum and globus pallidus bilaterally. They excluded the possibility of Wilson's disease in each of the 4 patients and suggested that overdosage of SSR and herba serissae could cause intoxications of the central nervous system, particularly damage to the basal ganglia. Chemically, coumarin (case 1) and matrine and oxymatrine (cases 2-4) in the two medicinal herbs are suggested to be possibly responsible for the morbidity.
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