1701
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Patek PQ, Lin Y, Collins JL, Cohn M. In vivo or in vitro selection for resistance to natural cytotoxic cell lysis selects for variants with increased tumorigenicity. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 1986; 136:741-5. [PMID: 3941271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Experiments were designed to test the hypothesis that transformed cells that are NC sensitive must escape NC activity if they are to grow as tumors in normal individuals. NC-resistant variants were selected either in vivo or in vitro from NC-sensitive cell lines that grow as tumors in immunodeficient mice but not in syngeneic normal mice. The tumorigenicity of cloned NC-resistant variants was compared with the parental cell lines and to cell lines that went through the selection procedure, but after cloning remained NC sensitive. Cloned NC-resistant cell lines derived from tumors that developed in x-irradiated nude mice after the injection of an NC-sensitive cell line are tumorigenic in normal mice, whereas cloned NC-sensitive cell lines derived from the same tumors are unable to grow as tumors in normal mice. Similarly, six of seven NC-resistant cloned cell lines independently isolated after in vitro selection for NC-resistance are tumorigenic in normal mice, whereas cloned NC-sensitive cell lines isolated from the same in vitro selected populations are not tumorigenic in normal mice. Thus, either the in vivo or in vitro selection of NC-resistant cells selects for cells tumorigenic in normal mice; these findings, along with our previous observations that selection for cells tumorigenic in normal mice selects for NC resistance, provide compelling evidence that escape from NC activity is required before some transformed cells can grow as tumors in normal mice.
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1702
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Donoghue JF, Holstein BR, Lin Y. Chiral loops in pi 0, eta 0--> gamma gamma and eta - eta ' mixing. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1985; 55:2766-2769. [PMID: 10032233 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.55.2766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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1703
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Fu YY, Jia SR, Lin Y. Plant regeneration from mesophyll protoplast culture of cabbage (Brassica oleracea var 'capitata'). TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 1985; 71:495-9. [PMID: 24247460 DOI: 10.1007/bf00251195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/1985] [Accepted: 07/26/1985] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Protoplasts were enzymatically isolated from the first leaves of cabbage (Brassica oleracea var 'capitata', F1 hybrid 'Baochun'). Sustained cell division and somatic embryogenesis were obtained after culturing the protoplasts in modified liquid DPD medium supplemented with CaCl2 · 2H2O 800 mg/l, 2,4-D 0.5 mg/l, kinetin 1 mg/l, 0.3 M mannitol and sucrose 20 g/l. Upon transferring cell colonies onto a modified Murashige and Skoog (MS) agar medium, small calli were gradually formed. Callus proliferated on MS medium supplemented with hormone combinations of 2,4-D 0.1-0.5 mg/l and kinetin 3-4 mg/l. Multiple shoots were induced on differentiation medium supplemented with 3 mg/l of kinetin and 0.1 mg/l of gibberellic acid GA3. After transferring differentiated shoots onto MS medium supplemented with indoleacetic acid (IAA), kinetin, GA3 at 0.1 mg/l each and 500 mg/l of N.Z. amine, intact plants were eventually produced.
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1704
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Chen SJ, Holbrook NJ, Mitchell KF, Vallone CA, Greengard JS, Crabtree GR, Lin Y. A viral long terminal repeat in the interleukin 2 gene of a cell line that constitutively produces interleukin 2. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1985; 82:7284-8. [PMID: 3877307 PMCID: PMC390834 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.82.21.7284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The gibbon leukemia cell line MLA 144 differs from every other T-lymphocyte line in that it constitutively makes interleukin 2 (IL-2) (also called T-cell growth factor) without stimulation by antigen, lectin, or tumor promoters. Previous work in which glucocorticoids were used to inhibit IL-2 production has indicated that proliferation of this cell line is dependent upon endogenously produced IL-2. We have found that the MLA 144 cell line has a copy of the gibbon leukemia virus inserted into the 3' nontranslated region of the IL-2 gene. This integration event produces a composite mRNA made up of the protein coding sequences of the IL-2 gene transcript but incorporating the viral long terminal repeat (LTR) in the 3' nontranslated region of the mRNA. This composite mRNA transcript uses the polyadenylylation signal in the viral 5' LTR and incorporates the viral transcriptional control regions. The integration event must involve only one allele of the IL-2 gene, since transcripts essentially identical to normal human IL-2 mRNA are also produced in cloned sublines of MLA 144. That the viral LTR contains a 94-base-pair repeat reminiscent of enhancer sequences in several viruses suggests that the integration of the viral LTR at the 3' end of the IL-2 gene is responsible for the constitutive production of IL-2 in the MLA 144 cell line.
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1705
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Lin Y, Patek PQ, Collins JL, Cohn M. Analysis of immune surveillance of sequentially derived cell lines that differ in their tumorigenic potential. J Natl Cancer Inst 1985; 74:1025-30. [PMID: 3873568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The immune surveillance hypothesis suggests that cancer evolves as a multistage process. Further, it predicts that cells intermediate on the pathway to cancer are susceptible to host protective mechanisms, and only those variants that are able to escape the protective mechanisms are able to grow as tumors. We have isolated, as lineages, fibroblast lines that express phenotypes predicted by the surveillance hypothesis. The lineages were derived by treating nontransformed cells (N-cells) with chemical carcinogens and by isolating transformed variants in vitro. From the transformants that are tumorigenic in immune-depressed ATXFL mice but rejected by normal mice (I-cells), variants were selected in vivo that had escaped the rejection mechanism(s) and had grown as tumors in normal mice (C-cells). Thus lineages were established comprised of sequentially derived cell lines with the following phenotypes: nontransformed, transformed but susceptible to host protective mechanisms, transformed and resistant to host protective mechanisms (i.e., N----I----C). With the use of in vivo cross-protection experiments, two independently derived I-cell lines were shown to express non-cross-reactive antigens that are not expressed by the parental nontransformed N-cells (i.e., transformation-associated antigens). The transformation-associated antigens are expressed at an equivalent level on the cells that are susceptible to rejection (i.e., I-lines) and those that have escaped rejection (i.e., C-lines). In addition, although the transformation-associated antigens expressed by I-cells induce an effective immune response capable of rejecting both the I-line and C-line, the expression of these antigens on C-cells does not induce an effective immune response. The role of host defense mechanisms in the rejection of these chemically transformed I-cells and the possible mechanisms by which C-cells escape rejection are discussed.
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1706
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Arentzen R, Baldino F, Davis LG, Higgins GA, Lin Y, Manning RW, Wolfson B. In situ hybridization of putative somatostatin mRNA within hypothalamus of the rat using synthetic oligonucleotide probes. J Cell Biochem 1985; 27:415-22. [PMID: 2860116 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.240270410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The distribution of mRNA with high sequence homology to somatostatin mRNA within the periventricular hypothalamus of rat was assessed using in situ hybridization techniques with synthetic oligodeoxyribonucleotide probes, complementary to the 3' coding region of rat somatostatin mRNA. The probes (22- and 24-mers) were 5'-end labeled using T4 polynucleotide kinase and gamma-32P-ATP. They were used either individually or after ligation with T4 DNA ligase to form a 46-mer. Serial tissue sections (less than 10 microns) were taken from the level of the preoptic/anterior hypothalamus through the paraventricular hypothalamus. In situ hybridizations were conducted at room temperature in hybridization buffer. Neurons immunoreactive with antiserum raised against somatostatin were identified in alternate sections using standard immunocytochemical procedures. The anatomical location of the hybridization signal was determined by autoradiography. Our results show that the peri- and paraventricular hypothalamus is rich in transcripts putatively coding for somatostatin and that these transcripts are co-distributed with neurons immunoreactive with antisomatostatin immunoglobulin.
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1707
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Lin Y, Xu W. [Cortical modulation of pain]. SHENG LI KE XUE JIN ZHAN [PROGRESS IN PHYSIOLOGY] 1985; 16:13-6. [PMID: 3890169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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1708
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Elliott JF, Lin Y, Mizel SB, Bleackley RC, Harnish DG, Paetkau V. Induction of interleukin 2 messenger RNA inhibited by cyclosporin A. Science 1984; 226:1439-41. [PMID: 6334364 DOI: 10.1126/science.6334364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 337] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Cyclosporin A blocked production of the lymphokine interleukin 2 by activated T lymphocytes. In a human and a murine cell line this inhibition reflected an absence of interleukin 2 messenger RNA. Under conditions in which these cells are normally stimulated to secrete high levels of interleukin 2, they failed to do so in the presence of cyclosporin A. In both cell lines this failure was accompanied by an absence of interleukin 2 messenger accumulation.
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1709
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Gourlie B, Lin Y, Price J, DeVries AL, Powers D, Huang RC. Winter flounder antifreeze proteins: a multigene family. J Biol Chem 1984; 259:14960-5. [PMID: 6548752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The nucleotide sequence of a cDNA clone of winter flounder antifreeze protein was determined by the dideoxynucleotide method. The sequence would predict a protein of 91 amino acids composed of a prepropeptide of 38 amino acids and a mature protein of 53 amino acids, which includes four complete 11-amino acid repeats. This predicted sequence corresponds to an antifreeze protein of intermediate size which is one 11-amino acid repeat longer than the smallest antifreeze proteins found in the serum of winter flounder during the cold season. Southern blot hybridization analysis of winter flounder genomic DNA with radioactive cDNA probes reveals a multigene family of potential antifreeze protein genes. This conclusion is supported by amino acid sequence analysis of several serum antifreeze proteins.
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1710
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Gourlie B, Lin Y, Price J, DeVries AL, Powers D, Huang RC. Winter flounder antifreeze proteins: a multigene family. J Biol Chem 1984. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(17)42697-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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1711
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Jin L, Liu LS, Zhu ZL, Feng LH, Wang LL, Lin Y. [Effects of variation in dietary sodium intake on plasma catecholamines in normal subjects]. ZHONGGUO YI XUE KE XUE YUAN XUE BAO. ACTA ACADEMIAE MEDICINAE SINICAE 1984; 6:378-80. [PMID: 6241094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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1712
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Cheng TM, Lin Y, Gu DQ, Luo CK, Zheng HE. Ultrastructural changes of bone marrow megakaryocytes in several types of injury. Burns 1984; 10:282-9. [PMID: 6713242 DOI: 10.1016/0305-4179(84)90007-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Seventy-one dogs were used in this study. Bone marrow tissues were examined by LM and EM and the peripheral blood platelets were counted. On the basis of previous research, megakaryocytophagia in bone marrow was confirmed. It was also proved that neutrophilic granulocytes participate in the autophagocytosis reaction in the body. Megakaryocytophagia plays a major role in the elimination of degenerate megakaryocytes in the marrow. The pathological change in megakaryocytes is considered to be one of the important causes of decrease in number and impairment of function of the platelets in burn, blast injury and burn-blast combined injury.
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1713
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Angier RB, Citarella RV, Damiani M, Fabio PF, Fields TL, Kang SM, Lin Y, Lindh HF, Murdock KC, Petty SR. Synthesis of 3,6-bis(aminoalkoxy)acridines and their effect on the immune System. J Med Chem 1983; 26:1710-5. [PMID: 6644739 DOI: 10.1021/jm00366a010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
A series of 3,6-bis(aminoalkoxy)acridines (2) was prepared and shown to have a protective antiviral effect against an interferon-sensitive virus (Columbia SK) and to partially restore an antibody response to a T-cell-dependent antigen in leukemic immunosuppressed mice. The presence of circulating interferon and the stimulation of natural killer cell activity in mice was observed for 21.
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1714
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Abstract
Questions about the smoking habits of parents and spouses were asked in a case-control study involving 1338 lung cancer patients and 1393 comparison subjects in Louisiana, USA. Non-smokers married to heavy smokers had an increased risk of lung cancer, and so did subjects whose mothers smoked. There was no association between lung cancer risk and paternal smoking. The association with maternal smoking was found only in smokers and persisted after controlling for variables indicative of active smoking. It is not clear whether the results reflect a biological effect associated with maternal smoking or the inability to control adequately for confounding factors related to active smoking. This preliminary finding deserves further investigation.
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1715
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Lin Y, Collins JL, Patek PQ, Cohn M. An analysis of the sensitivity of somatic cell hybrids to natural killer cell- and natural cytotoxic cell-mediated lysis. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 1983. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.131.3.1154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The analysis of the NK and NC sensitivity of somatic cell hybrids formed between parental cell lines that differ in their NK and NC sensitivity has shown the following. 1) The dominant expression of both NK and NC recognition determinants on target cells; 2) the dominant expression of two post-recognitive NC resistance mechanisms, one requiring protein synthesis and one being protein synthesis independent; and 3) the dominant expression of a post-recognitive NK resistance mechanism, which is protein synthesis independent. The post-recognitive protein synthesis-independent NC resistance mechanism confers no NK resistance and the post-recognitive NK resistance mechanism confers no NC resistance. Whether the post-recognitive protein synthesis-dependent NC resistance mechanism confers NK resistance remains open to question. The analysis of the hybrids indicates that transformed cells become sensitive to either NK- or NC-mediated lysis by losing their resistance to the lytic activity of these effector cells, and it appears that differentiation plays a role in determining whether NK or NC resistance will be lost upon transformation. A model is proposed in which the differentiation into a fibroblast associates the loss of NC resistance with transformation, whereas the differentiation into a lymphocyte associates the loss of NK resistance with transformation. Because the loss of NK resistance is not associated with the transformation of fibroblasts, they remain NK resistant, and because the transformation of lymphocytes is not associated with the loss of NC resistance, they remain NC resistant. This provides the basis for the target specificity exhibited by NK and NC effectors.
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1716
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Lin Y, Collins JL, Patek PQ, Cohn M. An analysis of the sensitivity of somatic cell hybrids to natural killer cell- and natural cytotoxic cell-mediated lysis. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 1983; 131:1154-9. [PMID: 6604090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The analysis of the NK and NC sensitivity of somatic cell hybrids formed between parental cell lines that differ in their NK and NC sensitivity has shown the following. 1) The dominant expression of both NK and NC recognition determinants on target cells; 2) the dominant expression of two post-recognitive NC resistance mechanisms, one requiring protein synthesis and one being protein synthesis independent; and 3) the dominant expression of a post-recognitive NK resistance mechanism, which is protein synthesis independent. The post-recognitive protein synthesis-independent NC resistance mechanism confers no NK resistance and the post-recognitive NK resistance mechanism confers no NC resistance. Whether the post-recognitive protein synthesis-dependent NC resistance mechanism confers NK resistance remains open to question. The analysis of the hybrids indicates that transformed cells become sensitive to either NK- or NC-mediated lysis by losing their resistance to the lytic activity of these effector cells, and it appears that differentiation plays a role in determining whether NK or NC resistance will be lost upon transformation. A model is proposed in which the differentiation into a fibroblast associates the loss of NC resistance with transformation, whereas the differentiation into a lymphocyte associates the loss of NK resistance with transformation. Because the loss of NK resistance is not associated with the transformation of fibroblasts, they remain NK resistant, and because the transformation of lymphocytes is not associated with the loss of NC resistance, they remain NC resistant. This provides the basis for the target specificity exhibited by NK and NC effectors.
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1717
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Lin Y, Liu LS. [Case of cystic renal artery aneurysm associated with severe hypertension]. ZHONGHUA XIN XUE GUAN BING ZA ZHI 1983; 11:209-10. [PMID: 6662037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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1718
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Chang C, Lin Y, O-Lee TW, Chou CK, Lee TS, Liu TJ, P'eng FK, Chen TY, Hu CP. Induction of plasma protein secretion in a newly established human hepatoma cell line. Mol Cell Biol 1983; 3:1133-7. [PMID: 6683778 PMCID: PMC368642 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.3.6.1133-1137.1983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
To study the expression and the regulation of hepatocyte markers, we have undertaken to establish human hepatoma cell lines of various phenotypes. We now report the establishment of a new human hepatoma cell line, HA22T/VGH. This cell line has many of the properties of human hepatocellular carcinoma. Only 5 of 15 plasma proteins investigated were detected in the medium of a 10-day-old HA22T/VGH culture. However, when the HA22T/VGH cells and a clonal derivative, C5, were cultured in an aggregated form, all 15 plasma proteins were found in the culture medium. These results indicate that hepatoma cell lines with different phenotypes can be established, and they provide a good experimental framework to investigate differentiation of human hepatocytes.
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1719
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Huston RL, Lin Y, Coy JJ. Tooth Profile Analysis of Circular-Cut, Spiral-Bevel Gears. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1983. [DOI: 10.1115/1.3267333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
An analysis of tooth profile changes in the transverse plane of circular-cut, spiral-bevel crown gears is presented. The analysis assumes a straight-line profile in the midtransverse plane. The profile variation along the centerline is determined by using expressions for the variation of the spiral angle along the tooth centerline, together with the profile description at the midtransverse plane. It is shown that the tooth surface is a hyperboloid and that significant variations in the pressure angle are possible.
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1720
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Ji AX, Li CX, Ye YH, Lin Y, Xing QY, Liu SY, Zhang WY, Wang ZS, Dai XJ. Synthesis of delta sleep-inducing peptide (DSIP) and its physiological activity. SCIENTIA SINICA. SERIES B, CHEMICAL, BIOLOGICAL, AGRICULTURAL, MEDICAL & EARTH SCIENCES 1983; 26:174-85. [PMID: 6857232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Protected nonapeptide--Delta Sleep-Inducing Peptide (DSIP) formula: see text has been synthesized by classical method. The product has been treated with TFA and purified on DEAE-Sephadex-A25 column, pure free nonapeptide obtained and alpha to beta transposition of Asp-residue found to be absent. It has been assayed by electrophoresis at pH 3.8, microcrystallinecellulose TLC and HPLC. The physiological activities of synthetic DSIP are performed on rabbits by using intravenous administration or mesodiencephalic ventricular infusion. Its function of intensifying delta and sigma waves on rabbit's electroencephalogram (EEG) is evident. There is no concomitant increase of delta- and sigma-enhancing effect following mesodiencephalic ventricular infusion of 10 or 20 times higher than 5 microgram/rabbit doses. Results of 6-day consecutive intravenous administration (50 microgram/kg) indicate that there is no obvious sign of adaptation to DSIP. Results suggest that the physiological function of endogenous sleep-inducing peptide is different from that of general sleeping draught.
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1721
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Hirabayashi K, Okada E, Kawada A, Shirakawa N, Nakazuma Y, Lin Y. [Acute preoperative hemodilution in radical hysterectomy for carcinoma of the uterine cervix (author's transl)]. NIHON SANKA FUJINKA GAKKAI ZASSHI 1982; 34:880-8. [PMID: 7108307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
With an attempt to diminish the post-transfusion hepatitis following radical hysterectomy, the study was made on 27 cases of cervical cancer undergone the operation. Fifty cases with blood transfusion immediately prior to the study was taken as control group. Under general anesthesia, 800 ml of venous blood was drawn from the peripheral vein under simultaneous infusion of 1,000 ml of Saviosol to maintain the circulating blood volume. The blood was returned after hemostatizing procedures. Of the study group, the blood loss, operation time, urinary output during the operation, and drainage amount were 960 g, 157 minutes, 350 ml and 160 ml respectively, while those of control group were 930 g, 164 minutes, 150 ml and 280 ml. The circulation status remained within normal limits, no bleeding tendency was appeared. Blood loss of the study group was estimated 960 g, however the actual blood loss calculated was on l6 719 g. There were no particular complication in the study group, while there was 12% of hepatitis among the control group. The advantages were concluded as 1) Patient was under normovolemic state when the operation started. 2) The blood transfused had normal O2 transport and hemostatic capacity. 3) The management of the patient was not so difficult and no special equipment and technique were needed.
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1722
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Murdock KC, Child RG, Lin Y, Warren JD, Fabio PF, Lee VJ, Izzo PT, Lang SA, Angier RB, Citarella RV, Wallace RE, Durr FE. Antitumor agents. 2. Bisguanylhydrazones of anthracene-9,10-dicarboxaldehydes. J Med Chem 1982; 25:505-18. [PMID: 6806475 DOI: 10.1021/jm00347a006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
9,10-Anthracenedicarboxaldehyde bis[(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)hydrazone] (bisantrene, VI-1) showed anticancer activity in mice vs. both leukemias and solid tumors. Increases in life span vs. the following neoplasms were: P-388 leukemia, 137%; B-16 melanoma, 122%; Lieberman plasma cell tumor, greater than 85%; colon tumor 26, 150%; Ridgway osteogenic sarcoma, 85%. There were significant numbers of long-term survivors. Both DNA and RNA synthesis were strongly inhibited. The drug was resistant to biodegradation and was bound strongly to tissues; in monkeys the half-life for disappearance from serum was 6 days. Related hydrazones were synthesized, and structure-activity relationships are discussed. Two routes to ring-substituted anthracene-9,10-dicarboxaldehyde intermediates were developed.
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1723
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Lin Y, Stadler BM, Rabin H. Synthesis of biologically active interleukin 2 by Xenopus oocytes in response to poly(A)-RNA from a gibbon T-cell line. J Biol Chem 1982; 257:1587-90. [PMID: 6173379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The poly(A)-containing RNA isolated from a gibbon lymphosarcoma cell line, MLA144, known to release Interleukin 2 (IL2) was microinjected into Xenopus oocytes. The incubation medium from injected oocytes stimulated the DNA synthesis of an IL2-dependent cell culture and also maintained its viability. DNA-stimulating activity appeared in the oocyte incubation medium 6 h after injection and continued to accumulate for at least 96 h. Thymidine incorporation by the IL2-dependent cells is proportional to the concentration of oocyte incubation medium added and the IL2 activity produced by the oocytes is proportional to the amount of poly(A)-RNA injected. Incubation medium of oocytes injected with RNA from another T-cell line, 6G1, which does not produce IL2, did not contain DNA-stimulating activity. The same assay also showed that the IL2 mRNA sedimented at 14-16 S in a nondenaturing sucrose gradient. A series of monoclonal antibodies prepared against human IL2 neutralized the DNA-stimulating activity released by the injected oocytes to the same extent as they neutralized human IL2.
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1724
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Lin Y, Stadler B, Rabin H. Synthesis of biologically active interleukin 2 by Xenopus oocytes in response to poly(A)-RNA from a gibbon T-cell line. J Biol Chem 1982. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)68074-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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1725
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Kwart H, George T, Horgan A, Lin Y. Correction. The Transition State in the Carbonyl-Forming Eliminiation Reaction of Alkyl Nitrates. J Org Chem 1981. [DOI: 10.1021/jo00339a615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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1726
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Lin Y, Gross JK. Molecular cloning and characterization of winter flounder antifreeze cDNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1981; 78:2825-9. [PMID: 6265915 PMCID: PMC319450 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.78.5.2825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Double-stranded cDNA was synthesized from partially purified winter flounder antifreeze mRNA and inserted into the endonuclease Pst I site of plasmid pBR322 by the poly(dG).poly(dC) homopolymer extension technique. The recombinant plasmids wee used to transform Escherichia coli. Clones containing antifreeze cDNA inserts were identified by the hybridization-selection technique. One of the inserts, 380 nucleotides in length, was digested with endonucleases Sau3AI and HinfI, which cleaved the insert into three fragments. The nucleotide sequences of these fragments were determined. The cDNA contains the entire coding sequence for a possible antifreeze peptide, including the leader sequence. The predicted amino acid sequence is similar to but not identical to one of the known sequences of antifreeze peptide. Within the cDNA are three segments of repeating sequences. The basic repeating sequence of 11 amino acids is maintained in the amino acid sequence coded by the cDNA and in the antifreeze peptide.
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1727
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Hoey GB, Hopkins RM, Smith KR, Wiegert PE, VanDeripe DR, Adams MD, Lau DH, Lin Y, Murphy GP, Valenti A. synthesis and biological testing of nonionic iodinated x-ray contrast media. Invest Radiol 1980; 15:S289-95. [PMID: 7203937 DOI: 10.1097/00004424-198011001-00063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
A series of nonionic x-ray contrast media containing novel linkages between the triiodobenzene and polyhydroxy moieties have been prepared and screened against established criteria. Of the coupler groups examined (amide including dipeptide, carbamate, ureido, and ester), amide showed the greatest overall utility in terms of safety, solubility, stability, and ease of synthesis. Acute toxicity, solubility and stability data are summarized for each series. In the CNS, certain compounds were well tolerated and some were devoid of any excitatory effects. Intrathecal tissue irritant effects were also unremarkable. Most agents exhibited relatively high osmolalities, raising questions as to the influence of this factor on the safety of myelographic agents. Intravascularly, nonionic media appear also to offer advantages over classical ionic media. However, nonionic media can exert positive inotropic effects and exhibit high viscosity at higher iodine concentrations. Nevertheless, overall results continue to demonstrate the radiographic potential of nonionic contrast media.
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1728
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Lin Y, Long DJ. Purification and characterization of winter flounder antifreeze peptide messenger ribonucleic acid. Biochemistry 1980; 19:1111-6. [PMID: 7370227 DOI: 10.1021/bi00547a011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The serum of winter flounder contains a group of small antifreeze peptides which lower the freezing point of their body fluids during the winter months. The poly(A)-containing mRNA coding for these peptides has been isolated from livers of the winter specimens. When the isolated antifreeze mRNA was analyzed by a denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, at least two distinct bands approximately 450 nucleotides in length are visible. In a wheat germ cell-free protein synthetic system these mRNAs direct the synthesis of small peptides which can be precipitated by antisera against purified winter flounder antifreeze peptides. Full-length cDNA was synthesized from the isolated antifreeze mRNA by avian myeloblastosis reverse transcriptase. From the RNA excess hybridization kinetic analysis, there are probably three different mRNAs coding for the antifreeze peptides. Using the radioactive cDNA probe, it was estimated that 1% of the total RNA in liver of a January specimen is antifreeze mRNA. RNA from a summar specimen showed no significant hybridization even at high concentrations of RNA. These results indicate that the control of antifreeze peptide biosynthesis relies at least in part on the synthesis or degradation of translatable mRNA.
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1729
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Lin Y. Environmental regulation of gene expression. In vitro translation of winter flounder antifreeze messenger RNA. J Biol Chem 1979; 254:1422-6. [PMID: 762138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The serum of winter flounder contains a group of antifreeze peptides which lower the freezing point of their body fluid in the winter. These antifreeze peptides disappear from their serum in the summer when the water temperature rises. Messenger RNA isolated from the liver of flounder collected in January directs the synthesis of predominantly one protein in an in vitro protein synthesis system. This protein can be precipitated by the antiserum made from the purified antifreeze peptides and was identified as the precursor(s) of these peptides. There is a seasonal variation in the concentrations of mRNA coding for the antifreeze peptides in the liver which can be correlated with the appearance and disappearance of these peptides in the serum. However, the changes in the levels of mRNA occur much sooner than the changes in the levels of antifreeze peptides in the serum, suggesting that an additional control mechanism might have taken place at the translational level.
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1730
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Abstract
The preparation and antitubercular properties of a series of 2,8-bis(alkylaminomethyl)phenazines are described. These compounds all inhibited the growth of Mycobacterium smegmatis ATCC 607 in vitro. 2,8-Bis(dibutylaminomethyl)phenazine (5c) was also active against a lethal Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv infection in mice.
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1731
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Fabio PF, Fields TL, Lin Y, Burden EJ, Carvajal S, Murdock KC, Lang SA. Bisamidines of 2,6-diaminoanthraquinone as antiamebic agents. J Med Chem 1978; 21:273-6. [PMID: 203694 DOI: 10.1021/jm00201a007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A series of bisamidines of 2,6-diaminoanthraquinone was synthesized and tested against cecal and hepatic forms of Entamoeba histolytica infections in rats and hamsters, respectively. A number of compounds were found to have good activity against infections in both species.
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1732
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Devries AL, Lin Y. Structure of a peptide antifreeze and mechanism of adsorption to ice. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1977; 495:388-92. [PMID: 588591 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2795(77)90395-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Sequence studies of an alpha-helical peptide antifreeze isolated from winter flounder have revealed the presence of clusters of polar amino acids separated by long sequences of alanine. Most of the polar residues are threonine and aspartate and are separated by 4.5 A, a repeat distance that also separates the oxygens in the ice lattice along the a-axis of an ice crystal. Such a lattice match suggests that the peptide binds to ice by means of hydrogen binding.
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1733
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Lin Y, Raymond JA, Duman JG, DeVries AL. Compartmentalization of NaCl in frozen solutions of antifreeze glycoproteins. Cryobiology 1976; 13:334-40. [PMID: 1277872 DOI: 10.1016/0011-2240(76)90115-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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1734
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Lin Y, Weidler DJ, Garg DC, Wagner JG. Effects of solid food on blood levels of alcohol in man. RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS IN CHEMICAL PATHOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 1976; 13:713-22. [PMID: 1265346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Forty-five ml of 95% alcohol, diluted to 150 ml with orange juice, was taken orally by six adult male volunteers under the following conditions: A (fasting), B (following a light breakfast), C (following a heavy breakfast), D (following a steak meal), E (alcohol 1 hr after a heavy breakfast), and F (alcohol 1 hr before a heavy breakfast). Using treatment A as a reference, the average area under the blood alcohol, time curve was reduced by 36, 63, 55, 56, and 18% for treatment B through F, respectively. The reduction in area is attributed to two factors: (a) food reduced the efficiency of absorption of alcohol; and (b) food reduced the rate of absorption of alcohol, which, coupled with the operation of Michaelis-Menten elimination kinetics, contributed to the reduction in area. The latter effect is a result of changes in the ratio: instantaneous rate of metabolism/amount of alcohol in the body, which results in a smaller area when the rate of absorption is slow than when the rate of absorption is rapid. Using treatment A as a reference, the ratio of the average peak alcohol concentrations were: 1.0, 0.72, 0.35, 0.50, 0.49 and 1.11 for treatments A through F, respectively.
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1735
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Raymond JA, Lin Y, DeVries AL. Glycoprotein and protein antifreezes in two Alaskan fishes. THE JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY 1975; 193:125-30. [PMID: 1141843 DOI: 10.1002/jez.1401930112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Two macromolecular freezing point depressants have been isolated from the serums of two species of Alaskan fishes. A common property of the four antifreezes thus far isolated is a high alanine content which suggests that the mechanism of these antifreezes may be related to a repeating tripeptide unit.
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1736
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Shier WT, Lin Y, DeVries AL. Structure of the carbohydrate of antifreeze glycoproteins from an antartic fish. FEBS Lett 1975; 54:135-8. [PMID: 165974 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(75)80060-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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1737
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Yang C, Shieh S, Lin Y, Chu C. Biological properties of "baby Taiwan monkey" strains of human adenovirus type 12. ZHONGHUA MINGUO WEI SHENG WU XUE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY 1974; 7:139-49. [PMID: 4376737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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1738
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Lin Y, Dobbs GH, Devries AL. Oxygen consumption and lipid content in red and white muscles of Antarctic fishes. THE JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY 1974; 189:379-86. [PMID: 4414968 DOI: 10.1002/jez.1401890310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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1739
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Abstract
Urine formation in antarctic bony fish does not involve glomerular filtration. Evidence for aglomerularism came from both direct observation of kidney serial sections by light microscopy and the low concentrations of inulin labeled with carbon-14 that were excreted into the urine when this renal clearance tracer was injected into the bloodstream via a cannula implanted in the caudal vein. Aglomerularism most likely prevents urinary loss of glycoproteins with biological antifreeze properties.
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1740
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Lin Y, DeVries AL. Preparation of 3H-labeled serum glycoproteins from antarctic fish. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1974; 59:1192-6. [PMID: 4415177 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(74)90440-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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1741
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Lin Y, Hulbert PB, Bueding E, Robinson CH. Structure and antischistosomal activity in the nitrofurylvinyl and the niridazole series. Noninterchangeability of the nitroheterocyclic rings. J Med Chem 1974; 17:835-40. [PMID: 4845376 DOI: 10.1021/jm00254a011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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1742
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Lin Y. Electronic transitions in collinear H+ + D2 (ν = 0) → HD+ (ν = 0,1) + D via classical trajectories in complex time and complex phase space. Chem Phys Lett 1973. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-2614(73)89527-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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1743
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1744
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Shier WT, Lin Y, De Vries AL. Structure and mode of action of glycoproteins from an antarctic fish. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1972; 263:406-13. [PMID: 5031164 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2795(72)90092-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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1745
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Lin Y, Duman JG, DeVries AL. Studies on the structure and activity of low molecular weight glycoproteins from an antarctic fish. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1972; 46:87-92. [PMID: 5006918 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(72)90633-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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1746
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1747
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Lin Y, Kobes D, Norton IL, Hartman FC. Affinity labeling of yeast aldolase by haloacetol phosphates. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1971; 45:34-42. [PMID: 5139929 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(71)90046-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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1748
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Abstract
Sex differences in correlation coefficients between the California Psychological Inventory, Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire scales and Alpert-Haber Achievement Anxiety Test scales were evaluated in four samples of Ss in French (54 males and 156 females), mathematics (124 males and 66 females), and two introductory psychology courses (81 males and 146 females in the first sample and 297 males and 349 females in the second sample). The fact that fewer than 7% of differences were significant at the 5% level in 216 pair-wise comparisons and there were significant correlations between correlation matrices seems to indicate the lack of sex differences in personality correlates of test anxiety.
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1749
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Doolittle RF, Wooding GL, Lin Y, Riley M. Hominoid evolution as judged by fibrinopeptide structures. J Mol Evol 1971; 1:74-83. [PMID: 5006251 DOI: 10.1007/bf01659395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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1750
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Lin Y, Means GE, Feeney RE. An assay for carboxypeptidases A and B on polypeptides from protein. Anal Biochem 1969; 32:436-45. [PMID: 5361397 DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2697(69)80011-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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