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Morente-Molinera J, Kou G, Peng Y, Torres-Albero C, Herrera-Viedma E. Analysing discussions in social networks using group decision making methods and sentiment analysis. Inf Sci (N Y) 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ins.2018.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Liu Z, Yong X, Jiang L, Zhang L, Lin X, Liu W, Peng Y, Tao R. Salivary human beta-defensins affected by oral Candida status in Chinese HIV/AIDS patients undergoing ART. Oral Dis 2018; 24:964-971. [PMID: 29498794 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To observe relationships between oral Candida status and salivary human beta-defensin 2 and 3 (hBD-2 and hBD-3) levels in HIV/AIDS patients of Guangxi, China during the first year of antiretroviral therapy (ART) dynamically, and to understand the influence of ART on oral Candida status and salivary hBDs expressions. METHODS A prospective self-controlled study was carried to observe the dynamic changes of CD4+ T cell counts, oral Candida carriages and salivary hBD-2,3 expressions in HIV/AIDS patients during the first year of ART. A total of 90 HIV/AIDS patients were enrolled and were examined at the baseline, 3rd, 6th, 12th month of ART. Thirty healthy individuals were enrolled as control. Peripheral blood, oral rinse sample, and unstimulated whole saliva were collected to test CD4+ T cell counts, oral Candida carriages, and hBD-2,3 expressions. RESULTS In the first year of ART, CD4+ T cell counts increased significantly. However, oral Candida carriages and oral candidiasis decreased significantly, and salivary hBD-2 expressions in HIV/AIDS patients decreased gradually, salivary hBD-3 levels were highly variable. Salivary hBD-2 concentrations were positively related to oral Candida carriages. CONCLUSIONS The incidence of oral candidiasis among HIV/AIDS patients gradually decreased due to the immune reconstruction of ART. Salivary defensins might play an important role in Candida-host interaction in HIV/AIDS patients.
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Büchi ER, Peng Y, Eng AM, Tso MO. Eccrine acrospiroma of the eyelid with oncocytic, apocrine and sebaceous differentiation. Eur J Ophthalmol 2018; 1:187-93. [PMID: 1668223 DOI: 10.1177/112067219100100405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A wide variety of sweat gland tumors occur in the eyelids. We used light and electron microscopy to investigate an eccrine acrospiroma showing areas of oncocytic, apocrine and sebaceous differentiation. To our knowledge this is the first report of an oncocytic lesion arising from an eccrine sweat gland, and only the second report of such a lesion arising from the skin. Furthermore, apocrine and sebaceous differentiation are atypical in lesions originating from sweat glands. The wide spectrum of differentiation in this adenoma lends further support to the concept of pluripotentiality of the adnexal glandular epithelia.
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Brennan K, Hall S, Owen T, Griffiths R, Peng Y. Variation in routine follow-up care after curative treatment for head-and-neck cancer: a population-based study in Ontario. Curr Oncol 2018; 25:e120-e131. [PMID: 29719436 PMCID: PMC5927791 DOI: 10.3747/co.25.3892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The actual practices of routine follow-up after curative treatment for head-and-neck cancer are unknown, and existing guidelines are not evidence-based. Methods This retrospective population-based study used administrative data to describe 5 years of routine follow-up care in 3975 head-and-neck cancer patients diagnosed between 2007 and 2012 in Ontario. Results The mean number of visits per year declined during the follow-up period (from 7.8 to 1.9, p < 0.001). The proportion of patients receiving visits in concordance with guidelines ranged from 80% to 45% depending on the follow-up year. In at least 50% of patients, 1 head, neck, or chest imaging test was performed in the first follow-up year; that proportion subsequently declined (p < 0.001). Factors associated with follow-up practices included comorbidity, tumour site, treatment, geographic region, and physician specialty (p < 0.05). Conclusions Given current practice variation and the absence of an evidence-based standard, the challenge in identifying a single optimal follow-up strategy might be better addressed with a harmonized approach to providing individualized follow-up care.
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Liu XA, Peng Y, Li JJ, Peng PH. Enhanced shoot investment makes invasive plants exhibit growth advantages in high nitrogen conditions. BRAZ J BIOL 2018. [PMID: 29538482 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.169578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Resource amendments commonly promote plant invasions, raising concerns over the potential consequences of nitrogen (N) deposition; however, it is unclear whether invaders will benefit from N deposition more than natives. Growth is among the most fundamental inherent traits of plants and thus good invaders may have superior growth advantages in response to resource amendments. We compared the growth and allocation between invasive and native plants in different N regimes including controls (ambient N concentrations). We found that invasive plants always grew much larger than native plants in varying N conditions, regardless of growth- or phylogeny-based analyses, and that the former allocated more biomass to shoots than the latter. Although N addition enhanced the growth of invasive plants, this enhancement did not increase with increasing N addition. Across invasive and native species, changes in shoot biomass allocation were positively correlated with changes in whole-plant biomass; and the slope of this relationship was greater in invasive plants than native plants. These findings suggest that enhanced shoot investment makes invasive plants retain a growth advantage in high N conditions relative to natives, and also highlight that future N deposition may increase the risks of plant invasions.
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Pi ZB, Zhang JK, Peng Y, Jin Y, Lin H. [The efficacy of ultrasound-guided spinal nerve posterior ramus pulsed radiofrequency treatment for aged lower back post-herpetic neuralgia]. ZHONGHUA YI XUE ZA ZHI 2018; 98:733-737. [PMID: 29562396 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2018.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of ultrasound-guided spinal nerve posterior ramus pulsed radiofrequency treatment of lower back post-herpetic neuralgia. Methods: One hundred and twenty-eight cases of lower back or anterior abdominal wall acute post-herpetic neuralgia patients were enrolled. They were randomly divided into two groups. Group A: oral treatment only with gabapentin+ celecoxib+ amitriptyline. Group B: while taking these drugs, patients were treated with radiofrequency pulses using a portable ultrasound device and the paravertebral puncture technique.In both groups, sudden outbreaks of pain were treated with immediate release 10 mg morphine tablets. Before and one week, two weeks, four weeks, eight weeks after treatment, visual analogue scale (VAS) was used for pain score, Pittsburgh sleep quality index scale (PSQI) was used to evaluate sleep quality, and morphine consumption was recorded. Eight weeks after treatment analgesic efficacy was evaluated. Treatment efficiency and significant efficiency was calculated while the occurrence of complications were documented. Results: In the control group, the VAS of T1,T2,T3 and T4 were 6.7 ±1.2, 5.2 ± 1.0, 3.3 ±1.1, 3.0±0.9.However, at the same time points, the VAS in the treatment group were 3.1±1.0, 2.2±0.7, 1.4±0.5, 1.2±0.5, respectively.The radio frequency group decreased significantly compared with the control group, the difference was statistically significant (t=17.925, 19.662, 12.580, 13.987, all P<0.05). Four weeks after treatment, the TNF-α in the control group was (11.04±2.36)ng/L, and the TNF-β in the radio frequency group was (8.07±2.13) ng/L. After the treatment, the TNF-α of the radio frequency group was lower than the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (t=-6.267, P<0.05). The IL-1β in the control group was (3.47±1.09) ng/L after treatment.The IL-1β in the radio frequency group was (1.96 ±0.56) ng/L, the IL-1β in the radio frequency group was lower than the control group and the difference was statistically significant (t=-8.266, P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that before and after the treatment of TNF-α were positively correlated with VAS score (r=0.455, 0.327, all P<0.05). IL-1β before and after treatment were positively correlated with VAS score (r=0.369, 0.357, all P<0.05). At T1,T2,T3 and T4, PSQI in the control group were 8.5±1.5, 7.3±1.4, 6.2±1.3 and 6.0±0.9 respectively.PSQI in the radio frequency group at the same time points were 6.5±1.4, 5.1±1.2, 4.0±1.1 and 3.9±0.5.Comparison between the two groups after treatment, radio frequency group was lower than the control group significantly, and the difference was statistically significant (t=7.798, 9.545, 10.335, 16.318, all P<0.05). Morphine consumption of the control group at T1,T2,T3,T4 were (22.5±2.2), (15.5±2.9), (6.8±1.5) and (4.2±0.9)mg.However, morphine consumption of the radio frequency group were (13.2±2.5), (7.2±2.7), (3.2±0.6) and (2.2±0.5)mg.Comparison between the two groups after treatment, morphine consumption of the radio frequency group decreased significantly than the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (t=22.341, 16.758, 17.827, 15.541, all P<0.05). During the operation , no error occurred with needle penetrating the abdominal cavity, chest, offal or blood vessels. Conclusion: Ultrasound-guided spinal nerve posterior ramus pulsed radio frequency treatment of lower back or anterior abdominal wall post-herpetic neuralgia proves effective and can reduce patient morphine usage and lead to fewer adverse reactions.
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Liu W, Li YM, Peng Y. Mental health literacy: A cross-cultural study of American and Chinese bachelor of nursing students. J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs 2018; 25:96-107. [PMID: 29139185 DOI: 10.1111/jpm.12442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED WHAT IS KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT?: Many nursing students have inadequate preparation for practice in mental health nursing in the United States and China. The concept of mental illness has different connotations in different cultures. Studies differ from country to country concerning the influence of nursing education on students' knowledge about and attitudes towards mental disorders. There is a lack of cross-cultural research that takes a broad perspective to explore how nursing students' knowledge and beliefs about mental disorders are influenced by the culture within education and healthcare systems. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS TO EXISTING KNOWLEDGE?: Nursing students in the United States and China shared similar views on a broad range of intervention options including professional help, psychotropic medications and activity interventions for managing depression and schizophrenia. The major difference between the two nursing student groups was that the Chinese students showed more preference to occasional alcohol consumption and specialized therapies including cognitive-behavioural therapy and electroconvulsive therapy and the US students held less skepticism towards traditional and religious practices as possible treatment options for depression and schizophrenia. WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE?: The Chinese nursing students need to be educated about safe alcohol consumption guidelines adopted by the National Health and Family Planning Commission. The US nursing students need to increase their awareness of national practice guidelines for managing mental disorders, particularly with respect to the use of specialized therapies such as cognitive-behavioural therapy and electroconvulsive therapy. We support professional and psychosocial interventions in caring for patients with mental disorders. ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION Nursing students in the United States and China have reported inadequate preparedness for practice in mental health nursing. It is important to investigate nursing students' mental health literacy levels for a better understanding of their practice readiness in mental health field upon completion of their education. Aim This study was aimed at developing an understanding of American and Chinese nursing students' mental health literacy regarding the effectiveness of specific interventions for managing depression and schizophrenia. Method The "Australian National Mental Health Literacy Survey" was completed by a group of 310 nursing students including 152 Americans and 158 Chinese between April 2016 and April 2017 to compare students' rated intervention options on two provided vignettes. Results The two student groups reached consensus on many intervention options. However, the Chinese students showed more preference to occasional alcohol consumption and specialized therapies and the US students held less skepticism towards traditional practices as treatment options for depression and schizophrenia. Discussion and implications for practice The findings support professional and psychosocial interventions in caring for patients with mental disorders. There is a significant need for specific education on safe alcohol consumption guidelines for Chinese nursing students and clinical practice guidelines for managing mental disorders for American nursing students.
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Zhou X, Wang C, Ding D, Chen Z, Peng Y, Peng H, Hou X, Wang P, Hou X, Ye W, Li T, Yang H, Qiu R, Xia K, Sequeiros J, Tang B, Jiang H. Analysis of (CAG) n expansion in ATXN1, ATXN2 and ATXN3 in Chinese patients with multiple system atrophy. Sci Rep 2018; 8:3889. [PMID: 29497168 PMCID: PMC5832826 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-22290-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a complex and multifactorial neurodegenerative disease, and its pathogenesis remains uncertain. Patients with MSA or spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) show overlapping clinical phenotypes. Previous studies have reported that intermediate or long CAG expansions in SCA genes have been associated with other neurodegenerative disease. In this study, we screened for the number of CAG repeats in ATXN1, 2 and 3 in 200 patients with MSA and 314 healthy controls to evaluate possible associations between (CAG)n in these three polyQ-related genes and MSA. Our findings indicated that longer repeat lengths in ATXN2 were associated with increased risk for MSA in Chinese individuals. No relationship was observed between CAG repeat length in the three examined genes and age at onset (AO) of MSA.
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Zhao W, Peng Y, Mills GB, Peng G. Abstract PD8-11: APOBEC3 contributes to mutational load in breast cancer. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs17-pd8-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Breast cancer results in large part from the accumulation of multiple mutations in premalignant cells, which provide a molecular basis for genetic diversity. This genetic diversity in premalignant cells allows selection for increased proliferation and survival and ultimately leads to invasion, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance. Recent genome-wide sequencing data showed that APOBEC3B (A3B) contributes to mutational load in breast cancer. A3B, a DNA cytosine deaminase, is overexpressed in more than 50% of breast tumors and more than 75% of breast cancer cell lines. Its overexpression and aberrant activation lead to unexpected clusters of mutations in the majority of breast cancers. This phenomenon of clustered mutations, termed kataegis (shower in Greek) forms a unique mutation signature in breast cancer. On the basis of the finding that A3B is a key molecular determinant of the mutator phenotype in breast cancer, the goal of our research is to utilize informatics tools to systematically characterize genetic alterations of APOBEC3 family proteins in breast cancer genomic data and define the molecular impact of altered APOBEC3 family proteins on mutability and anti-tumor immunity.
Our data showed that the mutation rate and copy number amplification/deletion of APOBEC3 genes are low. The levels of APOBEC3A (A3A) and A3B are highly correlated and are highest in Basal subtype and lowest in Luminal A tumors, in concordance with the proliferation of subtypes. Additionally, A3A and A3B are significantly correlated with total mutational load as well as with TP53 mutation, and with somatic copy number alterations (SCNA), especially focal SCNA. Among APOBEC3 genes, A3B is significantly associated DNA replication, DNA damage repair, cell cycle and proteasome signatures, and shows predictive and prognostic capacity in ER-positive patients. Interestingly, A3G expression is strongly associated with immune response signature genes in all breast tumors. Consequently, A3G is highly associated with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in breast and several other disease types.
In summary, our data demonstrate distinct expression pattern of APOBEC3 genes in different breast cancer subpopulations. Overexpression of different APOBEC3 family members leads to distinct molecular consequences. These data provide new molecular insights into pathophysiological functions of APOBEC3 genes in breast cancer and provide therapeutic opportunities for the breast cancer patients whose tumors have altered APOBEC3 expression levels and potentially are driven by APOBEC3 genes. Importantly, APOBEC3G is associated with evidence of immune activation that may signal responsiveness to immune checkpoint inhibitors.
Citation Format: Zhao W, Peng Y, Mills GB, Peng G. APOBEC3 contributes to mutational load in breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2017 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(4 Suppl):Abstract nr PD8-11.
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Yin Q, Peng Y, Zhang S, Zhu F, Li W, Du K. Recyclable heat-resisting polymer poly(ether azaindole ketone)-H+via hydrogen bonding crosslinking. Polym Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py02097j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel recyclable hydrogen bonding crosslinked polymer PEAINKH+ was prepared, which possesses outstanding thermal stability.
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Xu D, Peng Y. Apolipoprotein E 4 triggers multiple pathway-mediated Ca2+ overload, causes CaMK II phosphorylation abnormity and aggravates oxidative stress caused cerebral cortical neuron damage. EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2017; 21:5717-5728. [PMID: 29272008 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201712_14018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene polymorphism is correlated closely with resistance to brain damage. This study aims to investigate the effects of APOE4 on oxidative stress damaged cerebral cortical neuron. MATERIALS AND METHODS Primary cerebral cortical neurons were isolated from APOE gene knock-out mice (APOE-/- mice). Oxidative stress damaged APOE-/- mouse cerebral cortical neuron model was established. Three experimental designs (experiment 1, 2, 3) were conducted by employing several methods. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) analysis were employed for neurotoxicity assessment. Flow cytometry and transferase-mediated deoxyuridine-triphosphate-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) were used to examine neuron apoptosis. Immunohistochemistry and Nissl staining were used to identify neuron morphology. Western blot was used to detect phosphorylated CaMK II (p-CaMK II) and cleaved caspase 3 expression. Ca2+ levels in neurons were also examined by detecting fluorescence intensity. RESULTS APOE4 treatment (Vehicle + APOE4) significantly aggravates oxidative stress damaged cerebral cortical neuron by increasing LDH levels and decreasing SOD activities, induces neuron apoptosis compared to Vehicle group (p < 0.05). APOE4 treatment significantly enhanced Ca2+ levels compared to Sham group (p < 0.05), MK801 treatment (Vehicle + APOE4 + MK801) significantly decreased Ca2+ levels compared to the Vehicle+APOE4 group at 12 h and 24 h (p < 0.05). APOE4 triggers CaMK II phosphorylation, caspase 3 activation and neurons apoptosis. Both of MK801 and KN93 inhibit CaMK II phosphorylation, decreases caspase 3 activation, and suppresses neurons apoptosis CONCLUSIONS: APOE triggers Ca2+ overload through NMDAR and CaMK II signaling pathway, both of which cause Ca2+ concentration increasing, CaMK II phosphorylation abnormity, and finally aggravate oxidative stress damaged neurons apoptosis.
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Hanna TP, Baetz T, Xu J, Miao Q, Earle CC, Peng Y, Booth CM, Petrella TM, McKay DR, Nguyen P, Langley H, Eisenhauer E. Mental health services use by melanoma patients receiving adjuvant interferon: association of pre-treatment mental health care with early discontinuation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 24:e503-e512. [PMID: 29270059 DOI: 10.3747/co.24.3685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background Although high-dose interferon (hd-ifn) is the sole approved adjuvant systemic treatment for melanoma in many jurisdictions, it is toxic. We sought to assess the population-level effects of hd-ifn toxicity, particularly neuropsychiatric toxicity, hypothesizing that such toxicity would have the greatest effect on mental health services use in advanced resected melanoma. Methods This retrospective population-based registry study considered all melanoma patients receiving adjuvant hd-ifn in Ontario during 2008-2012. Toxicity was investigated through health services use compatible with hd-ifn toxicity (for example, mental health physician billings). Using stage data reported from cancer centres about a subset of patients (stages iib-iiic), a propensity-matched analysis compared such service use in patients who did and did not receive hd-ifn. Associations between early hd-ifn discontinuation and health services use were examined. Results Of 718 melanoma patients who received hd-ifn, 12% were 65 years of age and older, and 83% had few or no comorbidities. One third of the patients experienced 1 or more toxicity-associated health care utilization events within 1 year of starting hd-ifn. Of 420 utilization events, 364 (87%) were mental health-related, with 54% being family practitioner visits, and 39% being psychiatrist visits. In the propensity-matched analysis, patients receiving hd-ifn were more likely than untreated matched controls to use a mental health service (p = 0.01), with 42% of the control group and 51% of the hd-ifn group using a mental health service in the period spanning the 12 months before to the 24 months after diagnosis. In the multivariable analysis, early drug discontinuation was more likely in the presence of pre-existing mental health issues (odds ratio: 2.0; 95% confidence limits: 1.1, 3.4). Conclusions Stage iib-iiic melanoma patients carry a substantial burden of mental health services use whether or not receiving hd-ifn, highlighting an important survivorship issue for these patients. High-dose interferon is associated with more use of mental health services, and pre-treatment use of mental health services is associated with treatment discontinuation. That association should be kept in mind when hd-ifn is being considered.
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Dias-Santagata D, Selim MA, Su Y, Peng Y, Vollmer R, Chłopik A, Tell-Marti G, Paral KM, Shalin SC, Shea CR, Puig S, Fernandez-Figueras MT, Biernat W, Ryś J, Marszalek A, Hoang MP. KIT mutations and CD117 overexpression are markers of better progression-free survival in vulvar melanomas. Br J Dermatol 2017; 177:1376-1384. [PMID: 28734009 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.15836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have addressed prognostic markers and none has correlated molecular status and prognosis in vulvar melanomas. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the clinicopathological features of 95 cases of vulvar melanoma. METHODS p53, CD117, Ki-67, neurofibromin, brafv600e and nrasq61r immunostains, and molecular analyses by either targeted next-generation or direct sequencing, were performed on available archival materials. RESULTS Molecular testing detected mutations in KIT (44%), BRAF (25%), NF1 (22%), TP53 (17%), NRAS (9%) and TERT promoter (9%). Co-mutation of KIT and NF1 and of KIT and NRAS were identified in two and one cases, respectively. KIT mutations were significantly associated with better progression-free survival in univariate analyses. In multivariate analyses CD117 expression was significantly associated with better progression-free survival. Tumour thickness was significantly associated with worse progression-free and overall survival, and perineural invasion significantly correlated with reduced melanoma-specific survival and reduced overall survival. Cases were from multiple centres and only a subset of samples was available for molecular testing. CONCLUSIONS KIT mutations and CD117 overexpression are markers of better progression-free survival. In addition to its prognostic value, molecular testing may identify cases that might respond to targeted agents or immunotherapeutic approaches.
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Peng Y, Wang Z. Red blood cell folate concentrations and coronary heart disease prevalence: A cross-sectional study based on 1999-2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2017; 27:1015-1020. [PMID: 28844321 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2017.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Folate is involved in a number of metabolic pathways. Red blood cell (RBC) folate is a well-established indicator of folate intake. However, studies focused on the association between RBC folate and coronary heart disease (CHD) are limited. The aim of the current study was to investigate the effect of RBC folate concentrations on the presence of CHD in a nationally representative sample of American adults. METHODS AND RESULTS In the 1999-2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 22,499 subjects aged 30-74 years with RBC folate concentrations, CHD status and responses to co-variates questions were included; 822 (3.65%) participants were identified as having CHD. Bio-Rad Quanta Phase II radioassay and microbiological assay were used to measure RBC folate concentrations. Firstly, we treated RBC folate as a categorical variable, based on RBC folate tertiles, and used logistic regression analysis to display the RBC folate and CHD relationship. Secondly, we explored associations using a combination of restricted cubic spline and logistic regression models, stratified by sex. After adjusting for several well-established traditional CHD risk factors, RBC folate was positively related to CHD presence in the total population and the association was more pronounced among males than females. A J-shaped pattern was observed in RBC folate concentrations for females. CONCLUSION Elevated RBC folate concentrations were associated with higher CHD risk. Further investigation is needed to test the association in large-scale follow-up studies.
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Chen Y, Yang S, Peng Y, Yang Z. The regulatory role of IL-6R in hepatitis B-associated fibrosis and cirrhosis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 50:e6246. [PMID: 28953986 PMCID: PMC5609599 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20176246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the expression and regulation of IL-6R in hepatitis B-associated moderate hepatic fibrosis and cirrhosis. Liver tissues, peripheral blood monocytes (PBMs) and serum were collected from 26 hepatitis B patients with liver fibrosis and 35 hepatitis B patients with liver cirrhosis. The levels of Il-6r mRNA expression in these samples were examined by quantitative real-time PCR and IL-6R protein levels were analyzed by western blot and ELISA. MiRNAs that regulate IL-6R expression were predicted by bioinformatics analysis, and validated by dual luciferase reporter assay. Compared with the hepatic fibrosis group, IL-6R was significantly upregulated at both mRNA and protein levels in liver tissues, PBMs and serum samples from the hepatic cirrhosis group (P<0.05). The 3'UTR of Il-6r mRNA was predicted to contain a miR-30b binding site and IL-6R was identified as a possible target of miR-30b. MiR-30b expression was significantly downregulated in samples from hepatic cirrhosis patients compared with hepatic fibrosis patients (P<0.05). In conclusion, IL-6R was upregulated while miR-30b was decreased in patients with liver cirrhosis. The miR-30 can directly regulate the expression of IL-6R.
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Wang SN, Shan S, Zheng Y, Peng Y, Lu ZY, Yang YQ, Li RJ, Zhang YJ, Guo YY. Gene structure and expression characteristic of a novel odorant receptor gene cluster in the parasitoid wasp Microplitis mediator (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017; 26:420-431. [PMID: 28432783 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Odorant receptors (ORs) expressed in the antennae of parasitoid wasps are responsible for detection of various lipophilic airborne molecules. In the present study, 107 novel OR genes were identified from Microplitis mediator antennal transcriptome data. Phylogenetic analysis of the set of OR genes from M. mediator and Microplitis demolitor revealed that M. mediator OR (MmedOR) genes can be classified into different subfamilies, and the majority of MmedORs in each subfamily shared high sequence identities and clear orthologous relationships to M. demolitor ORs. Within a subfamily, six MmedOR genes, MmedOR98, 124, 125, 126, 131 and 155, shared a similar gene structure and were tightly linked in the genome. To evaluate whether the clustered MmedOR genes share common regulatory features, the transcription profile and expression characteristics of the six closely related OR genes were investigated in M. mediator. Rapid amplification of cDNA ends-PCR experiments revealed that the OR genes within the cluster were transcribed as single mRNAs, and a bicistronic mRNA for two adjacent genes (MmedOR124 and MmedOR98) was also detected in female antennae by reverse transcription PCR. In situ hybridization experiments indicated that each OR gene within the cluster was expressed in a different number of cells. Moreover, there was no co-expression of the two highly related OR genes, MmedOR124 and MmedOR98, which appeared to be individually expressed in a distinct population of neurons. Overall, there were distinct expression profiles of closely related MmedOR genes from the same cluster in M. mediator. These data provide a basic understanding of the olfactory coding in parasitoid wasps.
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Chen Z, Qiu QH, Zhan JB, Zhu ZC, Peng Y, Liu H. [Endoscopic surgery and reconstruction for extensive osteoradionecrosis of skull base after radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma]. ZHONGHUA ER BI YAN HOU TOU JING WAI KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY HEAD AND NECK SURGERY 2017; 51:881-886. [PMID: 27978875 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-0860.2016.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the clinical efficacy of endoscopic surgery for extensive osteoradionecrosis (ORN) of skull base in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) after radiotherapy. Methods: Seventeen patients diagnosed as ORN of skull base after radiotherapy for NPC and underwent endoscopic surgery were retrospectively studied with their clinic data. Results: Based on the CT and endoscopic examination, all patients had large skull base defects with bone defects averaged 7.02 cm2 (range, 3.60 - 14.19 cm2). Excepting for curetting the sequestra, endoscopic surgery was also used to repair the wound or to protect the internal carotid artery with flap in 12 patients. No bone reconstructions were conducted in all patients with the bone defects of skull base. CT examinations were taken after endoscopic surgery when required. The postoperative follow-up ranged from 8 months to 6 years (average, 14 months). Aside from 1 patient with delayed cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), others had no related complications. Conclusions: The patients with extensive ORN can be treated with endoscopic surgery to curette the necrotic bone of skull base, and endoscopic reconstruction provides an alternative technique. It may not be necessary to reconstruct the bone defects at skull base, however, the exposed important structures of skull base, such as internal carotid artery, need to repair with soft tissue such as flap.
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Wang W, Guan C, Zhou C, Peng Y, Pratt LM, Chen X, Chen L, Chen Z, Yuan X, Xiao S. Integrated carbon, sulfur, and nitrogen isotope chemostratigraphy of the Ediacaran Lantian Formation in South China: Spatial gradient, ocean redox oscillation, and fossil distribution. GEOBIOLOGY 2017; 15:552-571. [PMID: 28063179 DOI: 10.1111/gbi.12226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The Ediacaran Doushantuo Formation in South China is a prime target for geobiological investigation because it offers opportunities to integrate chemostratigraphic and paleobiological data. Previous studies were mostly focused on successions in shallow-water shelf facies, but data from deep-water successions are needed to fully understand basinal redox structures. Here, we report δ13 Ccarb , δ13 Corg , δ34 Spyr , δ34 SCAS , and δ15 Nsed data from a drill core of the fossiliferous Lantian Formation, which is a deep-water equivalent of the Doushantuo Formation. Our data confirm a large (>10‰) spatial gradient in δ13 Ccarb in the lower Doushantuo/Lantian formations, but this gradient is probably due to the greater sensitivity of carbonate-poor deep-water sediments to isotopic mixing with 13 C-depleted carbonate cements. A pronounced negative δ13 Ccarb excursion (EN3) in the upper Doushantuo/Lantian formations, however, is spatially consistent and may be an equivalent of the Shuram excursion. δ34 Spyr is more negative in deeper-water facies than in shallow-water facies, particularly in the lower Doushantuo/Lantian formations, and this spatial pattern is interpreted as evidence for ocean redox stratification: Pyrite precipitated in euxinic deep waters has lower δ34 Spyr than that formed within shallow-water sediments. The Lantian Formation was probably deposited in oscillating oxic and euxinic conditions. Euxinic black shales have higher TOC and TN contents, but lower δ34 Spyr and δ15 Nsed values. In euxinic environments, pyrite was predominantly formed in the water column and organic nitrogen was predominantly derived from nitrogen fixation or NH4+ assimilation because of quantitative denitrification, resulting in lower δ34 Spyr and δ15 Nsed values. Benthic macroalgae and putative animals occur exclusively in euxinic black shales. If preserved in situ, these organisms must have lived in brief oxic episodes punctuating largely euxinic intervals, only to be decimated and preserved when the local environment switched back to euxinia again. Thus, taphonomy and ecology were the primary factors controlling the stratigraphic distribution of macrofossils in the Lantian Formation.
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Peng Y, Shapiro S, Hewitt K, Kong G, Bresnick E, Zhang J, Puglielli L. SYSTEMIC OVEREXPRESSION OF AT-1/SLC33A1 CAUSES A PROGERIA-LIKE PHENOTYPE. Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.1532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Chen Z, Qiu QH, Zhang QH, Zhu ZC, Peng Y, Liu H. [Skull base metastasis from differentiated thyroid carcinoma: 3 cases report and review of literature]. LIN CHUANG ER BI YAN HOU TOU JING WAI KE ZA ZHI = JOURNAL OF CLINICAL OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY, HEAD, AND NECK SURGERY 2017; 31:881-884. [PMID: 29775008 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2017.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Skull base metastasis from differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC), including papillary and follicular thyroid carcinoma, is a rare manifestation and easily misdiagnosed. In this study, we reported three cases whose initial clinical presentation was skull base metastasis complaints with the presence of silent primary sites. Based on the thyroid ultrasound and histopathology (identifying skull base and primary thyroid tumor), the final diagnoses of DTC metastasis to skull base were confirmed. Two patients underwent removal of metastasizing tumors in the skull base and primary thyroid cancer, and have respectively survived 58 months and 4 months since then. Another patient underwent tumor removal of the metastasizing skull base carcinoma leaving the primary lesion intact. However, the patient died of recurrent carcinoma after 18 months. We compared the diagnosis and treatment processes of three patients with DTC metastasis to skull base, and referenced the reported cases in the literature. In conclusion, DTC metastasis to skull base is a rare occurrence and hence easy to be misdiagnosed as primary skull base carcinoma. Clinical records, imaging tests, histopathology and immunohistochemistry are mandatory for differential diagnosis and final diagnosis. Surgical resection of both the primary and metastatic lesions is the recommended treatment. In cases where tumors are removed completely via surgery, no further treatment is necessary postoperatively when meticulously following up is in place. However, in cases where tumors are postoperative residual, radiation therapy after surgery is a feasible option.
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Del Paggio JC, Peng Y, Wei X, Nanji S, MacDonald PH, Krishnan Nair C, Booth CM. Population-based study to re-evaluate optimal lymph node yield in colonic cancer. Br J Surg 2017; 104:1087-1096. [PMID: 28542954 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.10540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is well established that lymph node (LN) yield in colonic cancer resection has prognostic significance, although optimal numbers are not clear. Here, LN thresholds associated with both LN positivity and survival were evaluated in a single population-based data set. METHODS Treatment records were linked to the Ontario Cancer Registry to identify a 25 per cent random sample of all patients with stage II/III colonic cancer between 2002 and 2008. Multivariable regression and Cox models evaluated factors associated with LN positivity and cancer-specific survival (CSS) respectively. Optimal thresholds were obtained using sequential regression analysis. RESULTS On adjusted analysis of 5508 eligible patients, younger age (P < 0·001), left-sided tumours (P = 0·003), higher T category (P < 0·001) and greater LN yield (relative risk 0·89, 95 per cent c.i. 0·81 to 0·97; P = 0·007) were associated with a greater likelihood of LN positivity. Regression analyses with multiple thresholds suggested no substantial increase in LN positivity beyond 12-14 LNs. Cox analysis of stage II disease showed that lower LN yield was associated with a significant increase in the risk of death from cancer (CSS hazard ratio range 1·55-1·74; P < 0·001) compared with a greater LN yield, with no significant survival benefit beyond a yield of 20 LNs. Similarly, for stage III disease, a lower LN yield was associated with an increase in the risk of death from cancer (CSS hazard ratio range 1·49-2·20; P < 0·001) versus a large LN yield. In stage III disease, there was no observed LN threshold for survival benefit in the data set. CONCLUSION There is incongruity in the optimal LN evaluation for colonic cancer. Although the historically stated threshold of 12 LNs may ensure accurate staging in colonic cancer, thresholds for optimal survival are associated with far greater yields.
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Liu Y, Dai B, Su J, Peng Y, Tan W, Zhao HW. [Effect of home noninvasive positive pressure ventilation on patients with severe stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a meta-analysis]. ZHONGHUA JIE HE HE HU XI ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA JIEHE HE HUXI ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND RESPIRATORY DISEASES 2017; 40:354-362. [PMID: 28482421 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2017.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the effect of home noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) on patients with severe stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) by meta-analysis. Methods: The data of this meta-analysis was retrieved from the PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane library, Wanfang, Weipu and CNKI databases from January 1980 to January 2016. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on comparison of the effect of home NPPV in patients with severe stable COPD were enrolled. The enrolled data were divided into different subgroups in terms of the levels of inspiratory positive airway pressure(IPAP), different duration of ventilation per day, and different levels of baseline hypercapnia on change in PaCO(2). Meta-analysis was performed to compare the effect of different subgroups by RevMan 5.3. Results: Ten studies with a total of 789 patients were included. Home NPPV improved 6-minute walk distance (WMD: -45.12, 95%CI: -85.39--4.85, P=0.03) and forced expiratory volume in the first second [standard mean difference(SMD): -0.26, 95%CI: -0.51--0.02, P=0.03]after 1 year of ventilation, but did not improve the mortality, PaCO(2,)PaO(2,)pH, FVC, maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), FEV(1)/FVC, maximal voluntary ventilation(MVV) total sleep time, sleep efficiency and the proportion of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. Subgroup analysis showed that home NPPV can significantly reduce the PaCO(2) in patients ventilated with 18 cmH(2)O(1 cmH(2)O=0.098 kPa) and higher IPAP levels than those with lower IPAP levels (SMD: -0.6, 95%CI: -1.09--0.12, P=0.01), and in patients with NPPV for at least 5 h per day and those with lower duration (SMD: -0.45, 95%CI: -0.87--0.02, P=0.04), and in patients with baseline PaCO(2) of at least 55 mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) (SMD: -0.69, 95%CI: -1.07--0.31, P=0.00) than those with lower levels. Conclusions: Home NPPV can improve 6MWD and FEV(1) in severe stable COPD patients but does not improve the mortality, gas exchange and sleep efficiency. Patients may gain more benefits when using higher IPAP levels, longer ventilation per day and in those with higher baseline PaCO(2).
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Zhao ZA, Zhao Y, Ning YL, Yang N, Peng Y, Li P, Chen XY, Liu D, Wang H, Chen X, Bai W, Chen JF, Zhou YG. Adenosine A 2A receptor inactivation alleviates early-onset cognitive dysfunction after traumatic brain injury involving an inhibition of tau hyperphosphorylation. Transl Psychiatry 2017; 7:e1123. [PMID: 28485728 PMCID: PMC5534966 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2017.98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tau is a microtubule-associated protein, and the oligomeric and hyperphosphorylated forms of tau are increased significantly after neurotrauma and considered important factors in mediating cognitive dysfunction. Blockade of adenosine A2A receptors, either by caffeine or gene knockout (KO), alleviates cognitive dysfunction after traumatic brain injury (TBI). We postulated that A2AR activation exacerbates cognitive impairment via promoting tau hyperphosphorylation. Using a mouse model of moderate controlled cortical impact, we showed that TBI induced hyperphosphorylated tau (p-tau) in the hippocampal dentate gyrus and spatial memory deficiency in the Morris water maze test at 7 days and 4 weeks after TBI. Importantly, pharmacological blockade (A2AR antagonist ZM241385 or non-selective adenosine receptor antagonist caffeine) or genetic inactivation of A2ARs reduced the level of tau phosphorylation at Ser404 and alleviated spatial memory dysfunction. The A2AR control of p-tau is further supported by the observations that a KO of A2AR decreased the activity of the tau phosphorylation kinases, glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) and protein kinase A (PKA) after TBI, and by that CGS21680 (A2AR agonist) exacerbated okadaic acid-induced tau hyperphosphorylation in cultured primary hippocampal neurons. Lastly, CGS21680-induced neuronal tau hyperphosphorylation and axonal injury were effectively alleviated by individual treatments with ZM241385 (A2AR antagonist), H89 (PKA antagonist) and SB216763 (GSK-3β antagonist), or by the combined treatment with H89 and SB216763. Our findings suggest a novel mechanism whereby A2AR activation triggers cognitive dysfunction by increasing the phosphorylation level of tau protein after TBI and suggest a promising therapeutic and prophylactic strategy by targeting aberrant A2AR signaling via tau phosphorylation.
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Kumar S, Peng X, Daley J, Yang L, Shen J, Nguyen N, Bae G, Niu H, Peng Y, Hsieh HJ, Wang L, Rao C, Stephan CC, Sung P, Ira G, Peng G. Inhibition of DNA2 nuclease as a therapeutic strategy targeting replication stress in cancer cells. Oncogenesis 2017; 6:e319. [PMID: 28414320 PMCID: PMC5520492 DOI: 10.1038/oncsis.2017.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Replication stress is a characteristic feature of cancer cells, which is resulted from sustained proliferative signaling induced by activation of oncogenes or loss of tumor suppressors. In cancer cells, oncogene-induced replication stress manifests as replication-associated lesions, predominantly double-strand DNA breaks (DSBs). An essential mechanism utilized by cells to repair replication-associated DSBs is homologous recombination (HR). In order to overcome replication stress and survive, cancer cells often require enhanced HR repair capacity. Therefore, the key link between HR repair and cellular tolerance to replication-associated DSBs provides us with a mechanistic rationale for exploiting synthetic lethality between HR repair inhibition and replication stress. DNA2 nuclease is an evolutionarily conserved essential enzyme in replication and HR repair. Here we demonstrate that DNA2 is overexpressed in pancreatic cancers, one of the deadliest and more aggressive forms of human cancers, where mutations in the KRAS are present in 90–95% of cases. In addition, depletion of DNA2 significantly reduces pancreatic cancer cell survival and xenograft tumor growth, suggesting the therapeutic potential of DNA2 inhibition. Finally, we develop a robust high-throughput biochemistry assay to screen for inhibitors of the DNA2 nuclease activity. The top inhibitors were shown to be efficacious against both yeast Dna2 and human DNA2. Treatment of cancer cells with DNA2 inhibitors recapitulates phenotypes observed upon DNA2 depletion, including decreased DNA double strand break end resection and attenuation of HR repair. Similar to genetic ablation of DNA2, chemical inhibition of DNA2 selectively attenuates the growth of various cancer cells with oncogene-induced replication stress. Taken together, our findings open a new avenue to develop a new class of anticancer drugs by targeting druggable nuclease DNA2. We propose DNA2 inhibition as new strategy in cancer therapy by targeting replication stress, a molecular property of cancer cells that is acquired as a result of oncogene activation instead of targeting currently undruggable oncoprotein itself such as KRAS.
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Zhang C, Peng Y, Li S, Zhou P, Munoz A, Tang D, Zhang Y. Spatial characterization of innervation zones under electrically elicited M-wave. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2017; 2016:121-124. [PMID: 28268294 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2016.7590655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The three dimensional (3D) innervation zone (IZ) imaging approach (3DIZI) has been developed in our group to localize the IZ of a particular motor unit (MU) from its motor unit action potentials decomposed from high-density surface electromyography (EMG) recordings. In this study, the developed 3DIZI approach was combined with electrical stimulation to investigate global distributions of IZs in muscles from electrically elicited M-wave recordings. Electrical stimulations were applied to the musculocutaneous nerve to activate supramaximal muscle response of the biceps brachii in one healthy subject, and high-density (128 channels) surface EMG signals of the biceps brachii muscles were recorded. The 3DIZI approach was then employed to image the IZ distribution of IZs in the 3D space of the biceps brachii. The performance of the M-wave based 3DIZI approach was evaluated with different stimulation intensities. Results show that the reconstructed IZs under supramaximal stimulation are spatially distributed in the center region of muscle belly which is consistent with previous studies. With sub-maximal stimulation intensity, the imaged IZ centers became more proximally and deeply located. The proposed M-wave based 3DIZI approach demonstrated its capability of imaging global distribution of IZs in muscles, which provide valuable information for clinical applications such as guiding botulinum toxin injection in treating muscle spasticity.
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Zhu ZC, Peng Y, Chen Z, Qiu QH. [Analysis and dynamic observation of inhaled and food allergens for people in Pearl River Delta]. LIN CHUANG ER BI YAN HOU TOU JING WAI KE ZA ZHI = JOURNAL OF CLINICAL OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY, HEAD, AND NECK SURGERY 2017; 31:343-326. [PMID: 29871258 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2017.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Objective:To investigate the distribution of allergens in patients with suspected allergic diseases in Pearl River Delta, analysis the changes of allergens with seasons and years, and provide clinical references for management strategies with regional character.Method:Patients from 9 hospitals in Pearl River Delta, with suspected clinical symptoms and signs of allergic disease, were given serum specific IgE test from September 2012 to April 2016. The positive rate was compared with genders, ages, the dynamic changes of seasons, and years.Result:In 30 003 patients, the positive rate of dust mites, house dust, tree, mugwort, mold, animal dander were 39.3%, 26.1%, 16.9%, 26.1%, 9.0%, 6.0% respectively. In 22748 patients, the positive rate of egg, milk, fish, seafood, meats, fruits, nuts were 13.5%, 14.5%, 10.3%, 14.5%, 10.9%, 15.4%, 10.9%. The positive rate of female patients are higher than male patients in both inhaled and food allergens (P< 0.01). The positive rate of minor group was obviously higher than that of the adult group (P< 0.01). The highest positive rate of dust mite, mold, animal dander, egg, fish occurs in the spring, while trees, mugwort, house dust, milk, seafood, meats, fruits, nuts in summer (P< 0.01). There was an upward trend in the positive rate of dust mite, while the positive rate of house dust, mugwort, mold, egg, milk was on the decline, and positive rate of other allergens changed in volatility from 2013 to 2015 (P< 0.01).Conclusion:The dust mites, house dust, seafood and fruits were the main allergens in Pearl River Delta and should be the key for prevention and treatment of allergic diseases. More attention should be paid to the patients of allergic diseases of minors and major seasonal allergens in clinical prevention and treatment. The changes of allergens with the years and dietary habit in local area for the prevention and control of allergic diseases are also not allowed to be ignored.
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Hu D, Kang H, Lv Y, Zhang N, Tang L, Zhang J, Shi K, Wu R, Peng Y. Preliminary evaluation of altered brain microstructure in the emotion-cognition region in children with haemophilia A: a diffusional kurtosis imaging study. Haemophilia 2017; 23:e99-e104. [PMID: 28205277 DOI: 10.1111/hae.13159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Hossain F, Peng Y, Pannuti A, Backus K, Golde T, Osborne B, Miele L. Abstract P5-07-06: A novel non-canonical Notch1-IKKα-mTORC2-AKT pathway maintains survival in triple negative breast cancer cells and cancer stem-like cells. Cancer Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs16-p5-07-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a heterogeneous group of clinically aggressive breast cancers. TNBC patients have high risk of recurrence and metastasis, and current treatment options remain limited. There is strong evidence for the involvement of Notch signaling in TNBC and in breast cancer stem-like cells (CSCs). Notch1 is highly expressed in Basal-like 1 (BL1) and especially Mesenchymal-Stem-Like (MSL) TNBCs. Expression of Notch1 and its ligand Jagged1 correlate with poor prognosis. Treatment of TNBC with dual mTORC1/2 inhibitors leads to resistance through activation of Notch1. Expression of Notch1 protein correlates with pAKT and nuclear NF-κB in TNBC. Here, we demonstrate that Notch1 promotes cell survival in MDA-MB-231 cells, representative of MSL TNBC, in part by activating NF-κB. Notch activation by Jagged1-expressing stromal cells enhances transcription of the anti-apoptotic gene cIAP-2 (BIRC3), a known NF-κB target. This event is dependent on recruitment to the cIAP-2 promoter of NF-κB subunits, IKKα and Notch1. Short term exposure of MDA-MB-231 cells (MSL, PTEN wild-type), but not MDA-MB-468 cells (BL1, PTEN-null) to recombinant Jagged1 leads to rapid AKT phosphorylation. This is suppressed by dual mTORC1/2 inhibitors, AKT inhibitors and IKKα inhibitors but not Everolimus (mTORC1-selective inhibitor). Rapid AKT phosphorylation downstream of Notch1 requires mTORC2, PI3K and IKKα, and contributes to NF-κB activation. These observations support a model where canonical and non-canonical mechanisms downstream of Notch1 trigger rapid AKT phosphorylation and NF-κB activation in PTEN wild-type TNBC cells. Both arms of this pathway require IKKα. CSCs derived from MDA-MB-231 cells have increased Notch1, pAKT and pIKKα expression. Combined pharmacological inhibition of Notch and AKT or Notch and IKKα completely blocks secondary mammosphere formation. These data and published literature suggest that: 1) IKKα connects the Notch and mTORC2/AKT pathways in some TNBC subtypes; 2) IKKα is also required for nuclear Notch1-mediated NF-kB activation and may be a critical node in the Notch signaling network; 3) A feedback mechanism may exist in some TNBC cells between mTORC2/AKT and Notch1; 4) The non-canonical Notch-IKKα-AKT pathway has a potential therapeutic role in targeting CSCs of selected TNBC subtypes.
Citation Format: Hossain F, Peng Y, Pannuti A, Backus K, Golde T, Osborne B, Miele L. A novel non-canonical Notch1-IKKα-mTORC2-AKT pathway maintains survival in triple negative breast cancer cells and cancer stem-like cells [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2016 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2016 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-07-06.
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Lin J, Peng Y, Ou Q, Lin D, Li Y, Ye X, Zhou J, Yao Z. A molecular epidemiological study of methicillin-resistantStaphylococcienvironmental contamination in railway stations and coach stations in Guangzhou of China. Lett Appl Microbiol 2017; 64:131-137. [DOI: 10.1111/lam.12700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Revised: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Booth C, Nanji S, Wei X, Peng Y, Biagi J, Hanna T, Krzyzanowska M, Mackillop W. Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Stage II Colon Cancer: Practice Patterns and Effectiveness in the General Population. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2017; 29:e29-e38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2016.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Revised: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Peng Y, Hu JX, Lu H, Wilson RM, Motevalli M, Hernández I, Gillin WP, Wyatt PB, Ye HQ. Functionalisation of ligands through click chemistry: long-lived NIR emission from organic Er(iii) complexes with a perfluorinated core and a hydrogen-containing shell. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra25494b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Erbium complexes with a fluorinated organic core shell linked to a hydrogen-containing shell, have been synthesized using the click reaction between erbium(iii) bis(perfluoro-4-azidophenyl)phosphinate and a series of alkynes.
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Guo X, Zhang J, Wu F, Zhang M, Yi M, Peng Y. Different subtype strains of Akkermansia muciniphila abundantly colonize in southern China. J Appl Microbiol 2016; 120:452-9. [PMID: 26666632 PMCID: PMC4736461 DOI: 10.1111/jam.13022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Revised: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Aim This study investigates the colonization rate of Akkermansia muciniphila in the gastrointestinal tracts of people living in southern China and applies a modified method for the isolation and subtyping of A. muciniphila strains from faecal samples. Methods and Results Fresh faecal samples were collected and bacterial DNA was extracted from these samples for real‐time PCR analysis. Strains were separated using a culture‐dependent sPCR‐directed method and classified using an enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC‐PCR) DNA fingerprinting method. The colonization rate for the sample population from southern China was 51·74%. We isolated 22 strains from human faeces. The results revealed that all strains were identifiable as A. muciniphila with 99–100% identity to the type‐strain ATCC BAA‐835. ERIC‐PCR resulted in grouping of the DNA fingerprints showed that 12 distinct clusters were distinguished with a delineation level of 100%. Conclusions Southern China has a high rate of A. muciniphila colonization and over 12 different subtype strains reside in faecal samples. Significance and Impact of the Study Akkermansia muciniphila has a beneficial role in human gastrointestinal tract. These studies provide a better understanding of A. muciniphila and details of its colonization in the human gastrointestinal tract.
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Chen X, Gui X, Zhang L, Huang F, Zhong H, Pang Z, Wang S, Tang L, Fu L, Peng Y, Shellman Y. Maternal anti-HBVs suppress the immune response of infants to hepatitis B vaccine. J Viral Hepat 2016; 23:955-960. [PMID: 27469237 DOI: 10.1111/jvh.12572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
It is still controversial whether maternal anti-HBV antibodies (anti-HBVs) affect the infants' immune response to hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination. This multicentre study aims to address this question. First, we determined whether the transplacental transfer of maternal anti-HBVs occurs by measuring the titres of 90 anti-HBVs-positive pregnant women and their newborns. The anti-HBVs-positive rates of newborns ranged from 89.7% to 100.0%, depending on the maternal anti-HBVs titres. Secondly, we investigated the effects of maternal anti-HBVs on the immune response of infants to HBV vaccination. A total of 1063 mother-and-infant pairs were enrolled and divided into three groups with maternal anti-HBVs titres of <10 IU/L (negative - 37.9%), 10-499 and ≥500 IU/L. The infants' anti-HBVs-positive rate and titres were negatively correlated with maternal anti-HBVs titres: the anti-HBVs-positive rate of infants were 88.9% (360/405), 84.5% (381/451) and 77.3% (160/207) in mothers with low, intermediate and high antibody titres, respectively, P<.0001. Median titres of anti-HBVs (IU/L) among infants were 169.1, 141.0 and 79.4, respectively, P=.020. One hundred and sixty-two infants were negative for anti-HBVs after the standard vaccination, and 120 of 131 of these infants (91.6%) reached anti-HBVs positivity after the first "booster" dose. The maternal anti-HBVs titres did not significantly affect infant response to this booster. In summary, transplacental transfer of anti-HBVs occurs and high titres of maternal anti-HBVs may suppress the immune response of infants to the standard HBV vaccination. The current schedule of the 0, 1 and 6 month may not be the optimal choice of infants with anti-HBVs-positive mothers.
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Qin W, Zhao W, Li X, Peng Y, Harlow LM, Li J, Qin Y, Pan J, Wu Y, Ran L, Ke HZ, Cardozo CP, Bauman WA. Mice with sclerostin gene deletion are resistant to the severe sublesional bone loss induced by spinal cord injury. Osteoporos Int 2016; 27:3627-3636. [PMID: 27436301 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-016-3700-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Bone loss after spinal cord injury (SCI) is rapid, severe, and refractory to interventions studied to date. Mice with sclerostin gene deletion are resistant to the severe sublesional bone loss induced by SCI, further indicating pharmacological inhibition of sclerostin may represent a promising novel approach to this challenging medical problem. INTRODUCTION The bone loss secondary to spinal cord injury (SCI) is associated with several unique pathological features, including the permanent immobilization, neurological dysfunction, and systemic hormonal alternations. It remains unclear how these complex pathophysiological changes are linked to molecular alterations that influence bone metabolism in SCI. Sclerostin is a key negative regulator of bone formation and bone mass. We hypothesized that sclerostin could function as a major mediator of bone loss following SCI. METHODS To test this hypothesis, 10-week-old female sclerostin knockout (SOST KO) and wild type (WT) mice underwent complete spinal cord transection or laminectomy (Sham). RESULTS At 8 weeks after SCI, substantial loss of bone mineral density was observed at the distal femur and proximal tibia in WT mice but not in SOST KO mice. By μCT, trabecular bone volume of the distal femur was markedly decreased by 64 % in WT mice after SCI. In striking contrast, there was no significant reduction of bone volume in SOST KO/SCI mice compared with SOST KO/sham. Histomorphometric analysis of trabecular bone revealed that the significant reduction in bone formation rate following SCI was observed in WT mice but not in SOST KO mice. Moreover, SCI did not alter osteoblastogenesis of marrow stromal cells in SOST KO mice. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate that SOST KO mice were protected from the major sublesional bone loss that invariably follows SCI. The evidence indicates that sclerostin is an important mediator of the marked sublesional bone loss after SCI, and that pharmacological inhibition of sclerostin may represent a promising novel approach to this challenging clinical problem.
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Wu M, Wang J, Tang W, Zhan X, Li Y, Peng Y, Huang X, Bai Y, Zhao J, Li A, Chen C, Chen Y, Peng H, Ren Y, Li G, Liu S, Wang J. FOXK1 interaction with FHL2 promotes proliferation, invasion and metastasis in colorectal cancer. Oncogenesis 2016; 5:e271. [PMID: 27892920 PMCID: PMC5141290 DOI: 10.1038/oncsis.2016.68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Revised: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcriptional factor Forkhead box k1 (FOXK1) is a member of the FOX family. The abnormal expression of FOXK1 may have an important role in tumour development. Our previous studies showed that four-and-a-half LIM protein 2 (FHL2) is a critical inducer of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and invasion. However, the molecular mechanism by which FOXK1 synergizes with FHL2 tumour proliferation, EMT and metastasis is not well defined. We evaluated that messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expression levels by quantitative RT–PCR, western blot, immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry (IHC) assays. The migration and invasive abilities of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells were evaluated using short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-mediated inhibition in vitro and in vivo. We showed that FOXK1 expression was upregulated in CRC compared with matched normal tissues. FOXK1 physically interacts with FHL2 in CRC. Moreover, higher expression levels of the two proteins were significantly associated with differentiation, lymph node metastasis, AJCC stage and poorer prognosis. Furthermore, the overexpression of FOXK1 in CRC cells is associated with EMT, invasion and metastasis. However, the siRNA-mediated repression of FHL2 in FOXK1-overexpressing cells reversed EMT and both the proliferative and metastatic phenotypes in vitro and in vivo. These data identified that the co-expression of FOXK1 and FHL2 enhances cell proliferation and metastasis through the induction of EMT. Thus, FOXK1 and FHL2 may serve as putative targets in the combined therapy of CRC.
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Zhang R, Peng Y, Guo RL. [A case of mental retardation caused by 6p22.3 microdeletion]. ZHONGHUA ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS 2016; 54:866-867. [PMID: 27806801 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0578-1310.2016.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
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Cotroneo S, Schiffbauer JD, McCoy VE, Wortmann UG, Darroch SAF, Peng Y, Laflamme M. A new model of the formation of Pennsylvanian iron carbonate concretions hosting exceptional soft-bodied fossils in Mazon Creek, Illinois. GEOBIOLOGY 2016; 14:543-555. [PMID: 27422851 DOI: 10.1111/gbi.12197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Preservation of Pennsylvanian-aged (307 Ma) soft-bodied fossils from Mazon Creek, Illinois, USA, is attributed to the formation of siderite concretions, which encapsulate the remains of terrestrial, freshwater, and marine flora and fauna. The narrow range of positive δ34 S values from pyrite in individual concretions suggests microenvironmentally limited ambient sulfate, which may have been rapidly exhausted by sulfate-reducing bacteria. Tissue of the decaying carcass was rapidly encased by early diagenetic pyrite and siderite produced within the sulfate reduction and methanogenic zones of the sediment, with continuation of the latter resulting in concretion cementation. Cross-sectional isotopic analyses (δ13 C and δ18 O) and mineralogical characterization of the concretions point to initiation of preservation in high porosity proto-concretions during the early phases of microbially induced decay. The proto-concretion was cemented prior to compaction of the sediments by siderite as a result of methanogenic production of 13 C-rich bicarbonate-which varies both between Essex and Braidwood concretions and between fossiliferous and unfossiliferous concretions. This work provides the first detailed geochemical study of the Mazon Creek siderite concretions and identifies the range of conditions allowing for exceptional soft-tissue fossil formation as seen at Mazon Creek.
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Zhang C, Peng Y, Hublitz P, Dong T. Generation of immune checkpoint knock-out human antigen-specific T cells via CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genetic engineering. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw525.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Lv FJ, Peng Y, Lim FL, Sun Y, Lv M, Zhou L, Wang H, Zheng Z, Cheung KMC, Leung VYL. Matrix metalloproteinase 12 is an indicator of intervertebral disc degeneration co-expressed with fibrotic markers. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2016; 24:1826-1836. [PMID: 27211863 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2016.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Revised: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recent evidence suggests a role of fibrogenesis in intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration. We aim to explore if fibrotic genes may serve as IVD degeneration indicators, and if their expression is associated with myofibroblast activity. DESIGN Transcriptional expression of fibrosis markers (COL1A1, COL3A1, FN1, HSP47, MMP12, RASAL1) were analyzed in degenerated (D) and non-degenerated (ND) human nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF) cells, along with traditional (SOX9, ACAN) and newly established degeneration markers (CDH2, KRT19, KRT18, FBLN1, MGP, and COMP). Protein expression was investigated by immunohistochemistry in human IVDs, and in rodent IVDs undergoing natural ageing or puncture-induced degeneration. Co-expression with myofibroblast markers was examined by double staining on human and rat specimens. Disc degeneration severity and extent of fibrosis were determined by histological scoring and picrosirius red staining respectively. RESULTS Human D-NP showed more intensive staining for picrosirius red than ND-NP. Among the genes examined, D-NP showed significantly higher MMP12 expression along with lower KRT19 expression. Protein expression analysis revealed increased MMP12(+) cells in human D-IVD. Histological scoring indicated mild degeneration in the punctured rat discs and discs of ageing mouse. Higher MMP12 positivity was found in peripheral NP and AF of the degenerative rat discs and in NP of the aged mice. In addition, human D-NP and D-AF showed increased α-SMA(+) cells, indicating enhanced myofibroblast activity. MMP12 was found co-expressed with α-SMA, FSP1 and FAP-α in human and rat degenerative IVDs. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that in addition to a reduced KRT19 expression, an increased expression of MMP12, a profibrotic mediator, is characteristic of disc degenerative changes. Co-expression study indicates an association of the increased MMP12 positivity with myofibroblast activity in degenerated IVDs. Overall, our findings implicate an impact of MMP12 in disc cell homeostasis. The precise role of MMP12 in IVD degeneration warrants further investigation.
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Chen Y, Lehmann KK, Peng Y, Pratt LM, White JR, Cadieux SB, Sherwood Lollar B, Lacrampe-Couloume G, Onstott TC. Hydrogen Isotopic Composition of Arctic and Atmospheric CH 4 Determined by a Portable Near-Infrared Cavity Ring-Down Spectrometer with a Cryogenic Pre-Concentrator. ASTROBIOLOGY 2016; 16:787-797. [PMID: 27732068 DOI: 10.1089/ast.2015.1395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, near-infrared continuous wave cavity ring-down spectroscopy was applied to the measurement of the δ2H of methane (CH4). The cavity ring-down spectrometer (CRDS) system consisted of multiple DFB laser diodes to optimize selection of spectral line pairs. By rapidly switching measurements between spectral line peaks and the baseline regions, the long-term instrumental drift was minimized, substantially increasing measurement precision. The CRDS system coupled with a cryogenic pre-concentrator measured the δ2H of terrestrial atmospheric CH4 from 3 standard liters of air with a precision of ±1.7‰. The rapidity with which both C and H isotopic measurements of CH4 can be made with the CRDS will enable hourly monitoring of diurnal variations in terrestrial atmospheric CH4 signatures that can be used to increase the resolution of global climate models for the CH4 cycle. Although the current instrument is not capable of measuring the δ2H of 10 ppbv of martian CH4, current technology does exist that could make this feasible for future spaceflight missions. As biological and abiotic CH4 sources have overlapping carbon isotope signatures, dual-element (C and H) analysis is key to reliable differentiation of these sources. Such an instrument package would therefore offer improved ability to determine whether or not the CH4 recently detected in the martian atmosphere is biogenic in origin. Key Words: Arctic-Hydrogen isotopes-Atmospheric CH4-CRDS-Laser. Astrobiology 16, 787-797.
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Peng Y, Fu YX. [Advances in the research of treating multi-drug resistant bacterial infections]. ZHONGHUA SHAO SHANG ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA SHAOSHANG ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF BURNS 2016; 32:539-41. [PMID: 27647070 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1009-2587.2016.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
It is imperative to research the treatment strategy for infections caused by multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacteria, as there are increasing reports showing that more and more patients are decimated by the infections of MDR bacteria and the development of antimicrobial drugs is in downturn. Current researches mainly focus on the following three aspects: developing new antimicrobial agents with the aid of basic scientific achievements in finding new antibacterial targets, achieving antimicrobial purpose by specific lysis of host bacteria with phages of high specificity, and killing bacteria potently by destroying its cytomembrane using broad-spectrum antimicrobial peptides.
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Xu T, Zhong C, Peng Y, Chen CS, Wang J, Ju Z, Li Q, Geng D, Sun Y, Zhang D, Zhang Y, Chen J, Xu T, Zhang Y, He J. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency predicts poor outcome amongst acute ischaemic stroke patients with low high density lipoprotein cholesterol. Eur J Neurol 2016; 23:1763-1768. [PMID: 27647662 DOI: 10.1111/ene.13121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Current observational studies indicate that a lower vitamin D level is associated with a higher risk of poor ischaemic stroke prognosis. Whether this association is affected by lipid levels is unclear. Our aim was to examine the effect of serum vitamin D especially its deficiency on the global outcome of ischaemic stroke stratified by individual lipid component level. METHODS A total of 3181 ischaemic patients from China Antihypertensive Trial in Acute Ischaemic Stroke were included in this study and their baseline serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were tested. They were prospectively followed up for death, major disability and vascular events for 3 months after acute ischaemic stroke. A multivariable logistic model was used to evaluate the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and clinical outcomes of ischaemic stroke in the 3-month period of follow-up in all patients and in different lipid-level subgroups. RESULTS Vitamin D deficiency was associated with poor clinical outcomes only in ischaemic stroke patients with high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC) <1.04 mmol/l rather than all patients. The multivariable adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) of major disability and composite adverse events were 1.98 (1.08-3.63) and 2.24 (1.22-4.12), respectively. There was a significant interaction effect between vitamin D and HDLC levels on major disability and the composite outcome (P for interaction < 0.05 for both). A significant linear trend existed between 25-hydroxyvitamin D and risk of poor prognosis (P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS Vitamin D deficiency may be merely an independent risk factor of poor prognosis in ischaemic stroke patients with low HDLC level.
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Zang L, Liu Y, Geng J, Luo Y, Bian F, Lv X, Yang J, Liu J, Peng Y, Li Y, Sun Y, Bosch-Traberg H, Mu Y. Efficacy and safety of liraglutide versus sitagliptin, both in combination with metformin, in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes: a 26-week, open-label, randomized, active comparator clinical trial. Diabetes Obes Metab 2016; 18:803-11. [PMID: 27060930 PMCID: PMC5084818 DOI: 10.1111/dom.12674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Revised: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To compare the efficacy and safety of liraglutide versus sitagliptin as add-on to metformin after 26 weeks of treatment in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS This 26-week open-label, active comparator trial (NCT02008682) randomized patients (aged 18-80 years) with T2DM inadequately controlled with metformin [glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) 7.0-10.0% (53-86 mmol/mol)] 1 : 1 to once-daily subcutaneously administered liraglutide 1.8 mg (n = 184) or once-daily oral sitagliptin 100 mg (n = 184), both as add-on to metformin. The primary endpoint was change in HbA1c from baseline to week 26. RESULTS Liraglutide was superior to sitagliptin in reducing HbA1c from baseline [8.1% (65 mmol/mol)] to 26 weeks, as evidenced by estimated mean HbA1c change of -1.65% (-18.07 mmol/mol) versus -0.98% (-10.72 mmol/mol), respectively [estimated treatment difference for liraglutide vs sitagliptin of -0.67% (95% CI -0.86, -0.48) or -7.35 mmol/mol (95% CI -9.43; -5.26); p < 0.0001]. More patients receiving liraglutide (76.5%) than sitagliptin (52.6%) achieved the HbA1c target of <7.0% (53 mmol/mol) at week 26 [odds ratio 3.65 (95% CI 2.18, 6.12); p < 0.0001]. Reductions in fasting plasma glucose, 7-point self-measured plasma glucose and body weight were greater with liraglutide than with sitagliptin (p < 0.0001 for all). More patients experienced nausea (14.8% vs 0.5%), diarrhoea (8.2% vs 2.2%) and decreased appetite (10.9% vs 0.5%) with liraglutide than sitagliptin. Two hypoglycaemic episodes were confirmed for liraglutide and one for sitagliptin; none were severe or nocturnal. CONCLUSIONS Liraglutide provided better glycaemic control and greater body weight reduction than sitagliptin when administered as add-on to metformin. More patients had nausea, diarrhoea and decreased appetite with liraglutide versus sitagliptin.
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Zhang M, Peng Y, Lyu SZ. [Association between genetic variants in the adiponectin gene and premature myocardial infarction]. ZHONGHUA XIN XUE GUAN BING ZA ZHI 2016; 44:577-82. [PMID: 27530941 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-3758.2016.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between adiponectin gene polymorphisms and premature myocardial infarction (PMI). METHODS A total of 306 PMI patients of Beijing Anzhen Hospital were identified from March 2013 to January 2015 using the case-control method, 412 patients with normal coronary angiography results served as the control group. 17 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in adiponectin gene were selected and genotyped using mass spectrometry. The Chi-squared test was used to compare allele and genotype frequencies between PMI and control groups. The plasma adiponectin concentrations were measured using enzyme-linked immunoassay, and the relationship was analyzed between adiponectin level and SNPs. RESULTS There was no significant difference in allele frequencies and in genotype frequencies between PMI patients and controls (P>0.05). Multivariate logistic regression models were used to estimate the correlation in additive, dominant and recessive genetic models, respectively. Analysis showed that rs2241766T>G was significant associated with PMI risk in a addition model in Chinese Han population(OR=1.446, 95%CI 1.006-2.079, P=0.035), and rs12629945G>A was significant association with PMI risk in a dominant model in Chinese Han population(OR=1.609, 95%CI 1.006-2.573, P=0.041). Adiponectin levels in PMI group were significantly lower than in control group ((863.3±112.8)μg/L vs.(910.4±117.1)μg/L, P=0.042). Adiponectin levels were significantly lower in patients with the homozygous mutation genotype (GG) compared to patients with the heterozygote mutant and wild type genotypes (GT+ TT) in adiponectin gene rs2241766 T>G polymorphisms ((859.4±98.1)μg/L vs. (908.9±113.1)μg/L, P=0.032). CONCLUSION The rs2241766T>G and rs12629945G>A polymorphisms in the adiponectin gene were associated with PMI in Chinese Han population. Rs2241766T>G polymorphisms is linked with lower plasma adiponectin levels, and increased risk of PMI.
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Cui H, Kaufman AJ, Xiao S, Peek S, Cao H, Min X, Cai Y, Siegel Z, Liu XM, Peng Y, Schiffbauer JD, Martin AJ. Environmental context for the terminal Ediacaran biomineralization of animals. GEOBIOLOGY 2016; 14:344-363. [PMID: 27038407 DOI: 10.1111/gbi.12178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In terminal Ediacaran strata of South China, the onset of calcareous biomineralization is preserved in the paleontological transition from Conotubus to Cloudina in repetitious limestone facies of the Dengying Formation. Both fossils have similar size, funnel-in-funnel construction, and epibenthic lifestyle, but Cloudina is biomineralized, whereas Conotubus is not. To provide environmental context for this evolutionary milestone, we conducted a high-resolution elemental and stable isotope study of the richly fossiliferous Gaojiashan Member. Coincident with the first appearance of Cloudina is a significant positive carbonate carbon isotope excursion (up to +6‰) and an increase in the abundance and (34) S composition of pyrite. In contrast, δ(34) S values of carbonate-associated sulfate remain steady throughout the succession, resulting in anomalously large (>70‰) sulfur isotope fractionations in the lower half of the member. The fractionation trend likely relates to changes in microbial communities, with sulfur disproportionation involved in the lower interval, whereas microbial sulfate reduction was the principal metabolic pathway in the upper. We speculate that the coupled paleontological and biogeochemical anomalies may have coincided with an increase in terrestrial weathering fluxes of sulfate, alkalinity, and nutrients to the depositional basin, which stimulated primary productivity, the spread of an oxygen minimum zone, and the development of euxinic conditions in subtidal and basinal environments. Enhanced production and burial of organic matter is thus directly connected to the carbon isotope anomaly, and likely promoted pyritization as the main taphonomic pathway for Conotubus and other soft-bodied Ediacara biotas. Our studies suggest that the Ediacaran confluence of ecological pressures from predation and environmental pressures from an increase in seawater alkalinity set the stage for an unprecedented geobiological response: the evolutionary novelty of animal biomineralization.
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Peng Y. Emission spectrum of two-level single molecule via photon counting statistics. JOURNAL OF ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR SCIENCES 2016. [DOI: 10.4208/jams.052316.082216a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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197
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Tie YX, Fu YY, Xu Z, Peng Y. Relationship between C-reactive protein levels and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2016; 15:gmr7808. [PMID: 27323094 DOI: 10.4238/gmr.15027808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to determine the relationship between C-reactive protein levels and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). We recruited 30 OSAS patients into the observation group (OSAS group), and subdivided them into mild, moderate and severe groups according to the apnea hypopnea index. In addition, 20 normal individuals were included in the control group. Plasma CRP levels of two groups were measured. As compared with the control group, the CRP levels in the OSAS group were significantly increased (P < 0.05). ANOVA showed that CRP levels in the three subgroups differ; statistically significant differences between the mild and severe OSA patients were observed (P < 0.05). It was hypothesized that OSAS patients show elevated serum CRP levels, and that serum CRP levels are associated with OSAS severity.
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Patafio FM, Brooks SC, Wei X, Peng Y, Biagi J, Booth CM. Research output and the public health burden of cancer: is there any relationship? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 23:75-80. [PMID: 27122971 DOI: 10.3747/co.23.2935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The relative distribution of research output across cancer sites is not well described. Here, we evaluate whether the volume of published research is proportional to the public health burden of individual cancers. We also explore whether research output is proportional to research funding. METHODS Statistics from the Canadian and American cancer societies were used to identify the top ten causes of cancer death in 2013. All journal articles and clinical trials published in 2013 by Canadian or U.S. authors for those cancers were identified. Total research funding in Canada by cancer site was obtained from the Canadian Cancer Research Alliance. Descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation coefficients were used to describe the relationship between research output, cancer mortality, and research funding. RESULTS We identified 19,361 publications and 2661 clinical trials. The proportion of publications and clinical trials was substantially lower than the proportion of deaths for lung (41% deaths, 15% publications, 16% clinical trials), colorectal (14%, 7%, 6%), pancreatic (10%, 7%, 5%), and gastroesophageal (7%, 5%, 3%) cancers. Conversely, research output was substantially greater than the proportion of deaths for breast cancer (10% deaths, 29% publications, 30% clinical trials) and prostate cancer (8%, 15%, 17%). We observed a stronger correlation between research output and funding (publications r = 0.894, p < 0.001; clinical trials r = 0.923, p < 0.001) than between research output and cancer mortality (r = 0.363, p = 0.303; r = 0.340, p = 0.337). CONCLUSIONS Research output is not well correlated with the public health burden of individual cancers, but is correlated with the relative level of research funding.
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French SW, Mendoza AS, Peng Y. The mechanisms of Mallory-Denk body formation are similar to the formation of aggresomes in Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative disorders. Exp Mol Pathol 2016; 100:426-33. [PMID: 27068270 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2016.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
There is a possibility that the aggresomes that form in the brain in neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease (AD) and in the liver where aggresomes like Mallory-Denk Bodies (MDB) form, share mechanisms. MDBs can be prevented by feeding mice sadenosylmethionine (SAMe) or betaine. Possibly these proteins could prevent AD. We compared the literature on MDBs and AD pathogenesis, which include roles played by p62, ubiquitin UBB +1, HSPs70, 90, 104, FAT10, NEDD8, VCP/97, and the protein quality control mechanisms including the 26s proteasome, the IPOD and JUNQ and autophagosome pathways.
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Wang XG, Peng Y, Song XL, Lan JP. Identification potential biomarkers and therapeutic agents in multiple myeloma based on bioinformatics analysis. EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2016; 20:810-817. [PMID: 27010134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study aimed to identify potential therapeutic biomarkers and agents in multiple myeloma (MM) based on bioinformatics analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS The microarray data of GSE36474 were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus database. A total of 4 MM and 3 normal bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs) samples were used to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The hierarchical clustering analysis and functional enrichment analysis of DEGs were performed. Furthermore, co-expression network was constructed by Cytoscape software. The potential small molecular agents were identified with Connectivity Map (cMap) database. RESULTS A total of 573 DEGs were identified in MM samples comparing with normal samples, including 322 down- and 251 up-regulated genes. The DEGs were separated into two clusters. Down-regulated genes were mainly enriched in cell cycle function, while up-regulated genes were related to immune response. Down-regulated genes such as checkpoint kinase 1 (CHEK1), MAD2 mitotic arrest deficient-like 1 (MAD2L1) and DBF4 zinc finger (DBF4) were identified in cell cycle-related co-expression network. Up-regulated gene of guanylate binding protein 1, interferon-inducible (GBP1) was a hub node in immune response-related co-expression network. Additionally, the small molecular agent vinblastine was identified in this study. CONCLUSIONS The genes such as CHEK1, MAD2L1, DBF4 and GBP1 may be potential therapeutic biomarkers in MM. Vinblastine may be a potential therapeutic agent in MM.
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