101
|
Pandya CM, Minai OA, Golish J, McCarthy K, Avecillas J, Arroliga A. MEASURES OF PULMONARY HYPERTENSION (PAH) SEVERITY DO NOT IDENTIFY PATIENTS AT RISK FOR SIGNIFICANT NOCTURNAL HYPOXEMIA (NH). Chest 2005. [DOI: 10.1378/chest.128.4_meetingabstracts.137s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
|
102
|
Harrington RC, Kroll L, Rothwell J, McCarthy K, Bradley D, Bailey S. Psychosocial needs of boys in secure care for serious or persistent offending. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2005; 46:859-66. [PMID: 16033634 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2004.00388.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mental health of child offenders who are detained in secure settings is a matter of great public and professional concern but there has been little systematic longitudinal research on the outcomes of these problems once the young person has returned to the community. The aims of the present study were to describe the psychosocial outcomes of boys in secure care and to establish if these outcomes were correlated with criminal outcomes. METHOD Prospective cohort study of 97 boys whose average age was 14 years when they were admitted to secure units in the North West of England. The boys were followed up on average 2 years later, when outcome data were obtained on 81/97 (83%) cases. The main outcome measure was a standardised assessment of mental health, social and educational needs obtained by interview with the young person and corroborated in most cases by information from informants. All data were then reviewed by experienced clinicians who made best-estimate ratings of need 'blind' to the findings from the first phase of the study. RESULTS The average number of needs requiring an intervention at follow-up (mean=3.4, sd=3.0) was much lower than before admission to secure care (mean=8.2, sd=2.5) (mean difference 4.9 needs, 95% CI 4.0 to 5.7). Educational and occupational needs were particularly well dealt with. However, many mental health problems persisted or worsened. For example, 31% had a need for treatment of substance abuse, a significant increase compared with when they were in secure care (percentage difference 21%, 95% CL 9.0% to 32.7%). No mental disorder predicted subsequent offending. CONCLUSIONS Boys who have been in secure care continue to have a high rate of mental health problems. The mental health needs of this group are not, however, static but change over time and with changing circumstances. Services need to be designed to meet these changing needs.
Collapse
|
103
|
Menon Y, McCarthy K, McGrath H. Reversal of brain dysfunction with UV-A1 irradiation in a patient with systemic lupus. Lupus 2003; 12:479-82. [PMID: 12873051 DOI: 10.1191/0961203303lu374oa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Low-dose ultraviolet A-1 (UV-A1; 340-400 nm) bodily irradiation significantly reduces clinical manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). As neuropsychiatric-like symptoms respond prominently, a single patient was selected to undergo positron emission tomography (PET) before and after therapy to determine the effects of the therapy on the brain. The functional changes in 18F-deoxyglucose uptake as determined by PET imaging in this SLE patient indicated that improvement in brain function paralleled the reversal of cognitive deficits noted after the administration 160 kJ of bodily UV-A1 irradiation administered three times a week. Also of interest is that the UV-A1 irradiation, for the first time, ameliorated discoid lupus rashes, presumably due to a systemic action, as the lesions were for the first time covered during therapy.
Collapse
|
104
|
McCarthy K, Stewart P, Sigman J, Read M, Keith JC, Brinkhous KM, Nichols TC, Schaub RG. Pharmacokinetics of recombinant factor IX after intravenous and subcutaneous administration in dogs and cynomolgus monkeys. Thromb Haemost 2002; 87:824-30. [PMID: 12038784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Hemophilia B therapy requires intravenous (IV) infusions of large volumes of factor IX due to the low concentration of factor IX in concentrates (approximately 100 IU/mL). High concentration recombinant factor IX (rFIX) could be a significant advance since it would reduce the large volumes necessary for IV dosing and allow for low-volume subcutaneous (SC) administration. To evaluate high concentration factor IX, we produced formulations with either 2,000 or 4,000 IU/mL and studied the SC bioavailability in beagle dogs, cynomolgus monkeys and hemophilia B dogs along with efficacy in hemophilia B dogs. Beagle dog SC bioavailability was 86.4% using a 2000 IU/mL formulation and 77.0% using a 4000 IU/mL formulation. Monkey bioavailability of a 4000 IU/mL formulation of rFIX was 34.8%. A single SC administration of 200 IU/kg (4000 IU/mL) of rFIX to hemophilia B dogs, produced factor IX clotting activity above 5% for 5 days with a bioavailability of 48.6%. High concentration SC rFIX has an acceptable pharmacokinetic profile in monkeys and dogs, and produces a sustained FIX activity in hemophilic dogs.
Collapse
|
105
|
McCarthy K, Hewitt J, Carpenter R. Estimating the benefits of adjuvant systemic therapy for women with early breast cancer. Br J Surg 2002; 89:496. [PMID: 11952613 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2168.2002.208819.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
106
|
McCarthy K. Michael Gerard McEntegart. West J Med 2002. [DOI: 10.1136/bmj.324.7336.549/e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
107
|
Khatri SB, Ozkan M, McCarthy K, Laskowski D, Hammel J, Dweik RA, Erzurum SC. Alterations in exhaled gas profile during allergen-induced asthmatic response. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001; 164:1844-8. [PMID: 11734434 DOI: 10.1164/ajrccm.164.10.2106119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The source of exhaled carbon monoxide (CO) and the relationship to airway inflammation are not clear. If CO is produced by the inflamed airway, we hypothesized that inflammation induced by allergen challenge would increase exhaled CO of atopic asthmatics. Eight atopic asthmatics underwent whole lung allergen challenge. CO, nitric oxide (NO), oxygen, and carbon dioxide (CO(2)) were measured simultaneously in exhaled breath which was collected into Mylar balloons before (baseline), immediately after, and at subsequent times after allergen. NO was higher in asthmatics than control subjects at baseline, increased further in seven of the eight asthmatics after allergen, and was inversely correlated to specific conductance. In contrast, exhaled CO of asthmatics was not higher than that of control individuals at baseline, decreased immediately after allergen, and returned to baseline levels during the late asthmatic response. Thus, allergen-induced airway inflammation did not lead to increased exhaled CO in asthma.
Collapse
|
108
|
Tyrrell DA, McCarthy K. Allan Watt Downie: September 1901-26 January 1988. BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIRS OF FELLOWS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY. ROYAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2001; 35:99-112. [PMID: 11622284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
|
109
|
McCarthy K, Hunter I. Importance of pH monitoring in the care of long-term catheters. BRITISH JOURNAL OF NURSING (MARK ALLEN PUBLISHING) 2001; 10:1240-7. [PMID: 11832836 DOI: 10.12968/bjon.2001.10.19.9995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/01/2001] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
One of the main complications encountered by patients with long-term in-dwelling catheters is that of catheter blockage as a result of encrustation. This is usually managed at a district nurse level by the administration of catheter maintenance solutions (CMSs) or frequent catheter changes. However, catheter changes and maintenance solutions are often only employed after blockage has occurred. Regular recording of catheter care and urinary pH monitoring can be utilized to optimize the management of long-term catheters and plan catheter changes and CMS administration in a prophylactic manner. This article reviews the literature regarding CMS and urinary pH and demonstrates how the introduction of continued and formalized recording of catheter care and pH monitoring can improve long-term catheter management.
Collapse
|
110
|
|
111
|
Bartels HW, Enoeda M, Fütterer M, Kleefeldt K, McCarthy K. ITER test-blanket safety assessment. FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0920-3796(00)00565-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
112
|
Abdou M, TEAM TAPEX, Ying A, Morley N, Gulec K, Smolentsev S, Kotschenreuther M, Malang S, Zinkle S, Rognlien T, Fogarty P, Nelson B, Nygren R, McCarthy K, Youssef M, Ghoniem N, Sze D, Wong C, Sawan M, Khater H, Woolley R, Mattas R, Moir R, Sharafat S, Brooks J, Hassanein A, Petti D, Tillack M, Ulrickson M, Uchimoto T. On the exploration of innovative concepts for fusion chamber technology. FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0920-3796(00)00433-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 254] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
113
|
de la Luna E, Garcı́a-Cortés I, Tribaldos V, Tabarés F, Jiménez J, Estrada T, Ascası́bar E, Cappa A, Castejón F, Fernández A, Herranz J, Likin K, López-Fraguas A, Martı́n R, McCarthy K, Pastor I, Sánchez J, Tafalla D, Zurro B. Electron cyclotron emission measurements on TJ-II stellarator plasmas. FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0920-3796(00)00492-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
114
|
McCarthy K. A forgetful and foolish patient: Autoinfection. West J Med 2000. [DOI: 10.1136/bmj.321.7270.1207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
115
|
Mattas R, Allain J, Bastasz R, Brooks J, Evans T, Hassanein A, Luckhardt S, McCarthy K, Mioduszewski P, Maingi R, Mogahed E, Moir R, Molokov S, Morely N, Nygren R, Rognlien T, Reed C, Ruzic D, Sviatoslavsky I, Sze D, Tillack M, Ulrickson M, Wade P, Wooley R, Wong C. ALPS–advanced limiter-divertor plasma-facing systems. FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0920-3796(00)00385-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
116
|
|
117
|
McCarthy K, McGee HM, O'Boyle CA. Outpatient clinic waiting times and non-attendance as indicators of quality. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2000. [DOI: 10.1080/713690194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
118
|
McCarthy K, Tang AT, Dalrymple-Hay MJ, Haw MP. Ventricular thrombosis and systemic embolism in bodybuilders: etiology and management. Ann Thorac Surg 2000; 70:658-60. [PMID: 10969698 DOI: 10.1016/s0003-4975(00)01572-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Increased thrombogenicity and acute embolism are well-recognized complications of chronic anabolic steroid abuse. The following cases highlight such dangers in steroid-enhanced bodybuilders who developed intracardiac thrombosis that subsequently embolized. Systemic anticoagulation and surgical thrombectomy constituted the mainstay treatment. This represents the first report of such devastating cardiovascular complications after anabolic steroid abuse and their management.
Collapse
|
119
|
Correale J, Lund B, McMillan M, Ko DY, McCarthy K, Weiner LP. T cell vaccination in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. J Neuroimmunol 2000; 107:130-9. [PMID: 10854647 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-5728(00)00235-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Four secondary progressive MS patients were vaccinated with bovine myelin-reactive irradiated T cell lines from their peripheral blood. Patients were followed for 30-39 months, and monitored for immunological responses toward the vaccine, and for their clinical characteristics. Two patients showed stable EDSS score over time, one patient showed improvement by one EDSS step, and in the remaining patient her EDSS advanced over time. After the second inoculation there was a progressive decline of circulating whole myelin-reactive T cells, MBP143-168, PLP104-117, and MOG43-55-peptide-reactive T cells. In contrast the frequency of tetanus toxoid-reactive T cells remained unchanged. T cell vaccination (TCV) was also associated with a decline of myelin-specific IL-2- and IFN-gamma-secreting T cells. Twelve T cell lines (TCL) that recognize the inoculates were isolated from the peripheral blood of two patients. Ten of these TCL were CD8(+) and lysed the inoculates in a MHC Class I restricted manner. The remaining two TCL were CD4(+), and lysed the inoculates by MHC Class II restricted cytolytic activity. All T cell lines lysed not only myelin-reactive T cells, but also TCL specific for MBP143-168, PLP104-117 and MOG43-55 peptides. Control TCL specific for tetanus toxoid were not lysed. Neutralizing anti-Fas mAb did not influence the killing. Moreover, culture supernatants from two TCL which produce IL-10, were able to block the proliferation of myelin protein-specific TCL. This effect was abrogated using mAbs specific for IL-10. The data obtained indicated that TCV using autologous irradiated bovine myelin-reactive T cells promotes an effective depletion of T cells reactive against different myelin antigens.
Collapse
|
120
|
McCarthy K, Hischenhuber C, Joyce N, McCarthy K, Hischenhuber C, Joyce N. Determination of total taurine in pet foods by liquid chromatography of the dansyl derivative: collaborative study. J AOAC Int 2000; 83:784-8. [PMID: 10995103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
A liquid chromatographic (LC) method for the determination of total taurine in pet foods was evaluated in a collaborative study. Ten laboratories assayed 6 blind duplicate pairs of wet and dry pet foods. The taurine in the 6 sample pairs ranged from low (170 mg/kg) to high (2250 mg/kg) concentrations as is. Collaborators also assayed a sample of known taurine concentration for familiarization purposes. Samples were hydrolyzed to release bound taurine, which was subsequently converted to the dansyl derivative and quantitated by gradient-elution LC with fluorescence detection. Repeatability relative standard deviations, RSDr, ranged from 3.2 to 10.0%; reproducibility relative standard deviations, RSDR, ranged from 6.1 to 16.1%. The method has been adopted Official First Action status by AOAC INTERNATIONAL.
Collapse
|
121
|
Benjamin AE, Wallace SP, Villa V, McCarthy K. California immigrants have mostly lower rates of disability and use of disability services than state's U.S.-born residents. POLICY BRIEF (UCLA CENTER FOR HEALTH POLICY RESEARCH) 2000:1-4. [PMID: 11475529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
|
122
|
Khor SP, McCarthy K, DuPont M, Murray K, Timony G. Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, allometry, and dose selection of rPSGL-Ig for phase I trial. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2000; 293:618-24. [PMID: 10773036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
rPSGL-Ig is a recombinant, soluble, and chimeric form of P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1, which is developed as an antagonist to P-selectin. Allometric and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic modeling was used to select doses for human clinical trials. Pharmacokinetic parameters of rPSGL-Ig such as clearance (CL), volume of distribution (Vc), and t(1/2) across animal species are well described by power functions with body weight as an independent variable. The power functions for CL, Vc, and t(1/2) were CL = 0.37. W(0.93) ml/h (r(2) = 0.94), Vc = 45.0.W(1.064) ml (r(2) = 0.988), and t(1/2) = 190.W(0.159) h (r(2) = 0.75), respectively. These functions provide a means to predict pharmacokinetics of rPSGL-Ig in humans. For a 70-kg human, the values of CL, Vc, and t(1/2) are predicted to be 19.9 ml/h, 4138 ml, and 15.5 days, respectively. The predicted pharmacokinetics in humans is used in conjunction with pharmacological data to estimate appropriate doses for clinical trials. The doses that may provide potential effects in humans range from 0.13 to 4.7 mg/kg. The predicted doses produce concentrations above those that are associated with efficacy in animal disease models and, maintain concentrations above the EC(50) of in vitro binding between rPSGL-Ig and stimulated human platelets. Hence, rPSGL-Ig in clinical trials may provide therapeutic activities for P-selectin-mediated diseases.
Collapse
|
123
|
Ho SY, Goltz D, McCarthy K, Cook AC, Connell MG, Smith A, Anderson RH. The atrioventricular junctions in Ebstein malformation. Heart 2000; 83:444-9. [PMID: 10722549 PMCID: PMC1729380 DOI: 10.1136/heart.83.4.444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review the anatomical structure of the right atrioventricular junction, including the specialised atrioventricular conduction system, in hearts with Ebstein's malformation, to identify potential substrates for the abnormalities in conduction. METHODS Five heart specimens representing the morphological spectrum of Ebstein malformation were examined grossly and histologically. RESULTS On the endocardial surface, the atrioventricular junction was marked by a faint line in two hearts, and by a small ridge in the other three. Analysis of the right parietal junction in four hearts revealed only two accessory muscular atrioventricular connections. A plane of fibrofatty tissue separated atrial from ventricular myocardium in the right parietal junction in all hearts. The compact atrioventricular node was closer to the coronary sinus than usual. Accessory nodoventricular connections were present in four hearts, while accessory fasciculo-ventricular connections were found in one. The right bundle branch was hypoplastic or absent in four hearts. CONCLUSIONS In this small series, the parietal atrioventricular junction was better developed than previously thought. Structural abnormalities of the atrioventricular conduction system, however, were present. These may account for some of the conduction abnormalities frequently observed with the Ebstein malformation.
Collapse
|
124
|
Remacle A, McCarthy K, Noël A, Maguire T, McDermott E, O'Higgins N, Foidart JM, Duffy MJ. High levels of TIMP-2 correlate with adverse prognosis in breast cancer. Int J Cancer 2000; 89:118-21. [PMID: 10756061 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0215(20000320)89:2<118::aid-ijc3>3.0.co;2-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
TIMP-2 is an endogenous inhibitor of MMPs. Most data from model systems suggest that high levels of this inhibitor prevent metastasis. In human breast cancers, however, we show that high levels of TIMP-2 correlate with both shortened disease-free interval and overall survival. In primary breast cancers, TIMP-2 levels showed no significant relationship with either tumor size or axillary node status but correlated inversely with estrogen receptor levels. TIMP-2 levels also correlated significantly with those for TIMP-1. We conclude that high levels of endogenous TIMP-2, like other protease inhibitors such as PAI-1 and TIMP-1, correlate with progression of human breast cancer.
Collapse
|
125
|
von Gottberg A, van Nierop W, Dusé A, Kassel M, McCarthy K, Brink A, Meyers M, Smego R, Koornhof H. Epidemiology of glycopeptide-resistant enterococci colonizing high-risk patients in hospitals in Johannesburg, Republic of South Africa. J Clin Microbiol 2000; 38:905-9. [PMID: 10655414 PMCID: PMC86243 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.38.2.905-909.2000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent cases of infections caused by glycopeptide-resistant enterococci (GRE) have highlighted the emergence of these organisms in the Republic of South Africa. During May 1998 we conducted a prevalence study in four hospitals in Johannesburg and obtained 184 rectal swabs from patients identified as being at high risk for GRE colonization. Twenty enterococcal isolates showing various glycopeptide resistance genotypes were recovered: 3 Enterococcus faecium vanA isolates, 10 E. faecium vanB isolates, 6 E. gallinarum vanC1 isolates, and 1 E. avium vanA isolate. Macrorestriction analysis was used to demonstrate the clonal spread of GRE strains within hospitals. Evidence also demonstrated the likely persistence of the original E. faecium vanA isolate associated with the first confirmed death contributed to by GRE infection in South Africa in March 1997.
Collapse
|