1326
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Pillion DJ, McCracken DL, Yang M, Atchison JA. Glucagon administration to the rat via eye drops. JOURNAL OF OCULAR PHARMACOLOGY 1992; 8:349-58. [PMID: 1484265 DOI: 10.1089/jop.1992.8.349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Systemic absorption of glucagon from eye drops containing an emulsant caused an elevation in blood D-glucose concentrations in anesthetized rats. Glucagon (0.03 mg) delivered to the eye in buffered saline had no significant hyperglycemic action. However, delivery of glucagon in eye drops containing 0.25% saponin caused a rapid, dose-dependent increase in blood D-glucose values. Maximal absorption was observed 20 minutes after eye drop administration and values returned to baseline after 60 minutes. Immunoreactive glucagon levels measured 20 minutes after administration of eye drops containing saponin plus glucagon were increased by 2.4-fold compared to basal values. Glucagon administration via eye drops was ineffective when 0.5% Brij78 or BL-9 was substituted for saponin. These results demonstrate that in the rat, systemic absorption of glucagon delivered in eye drops is possible, but the choice of an emulsant may be critical.
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1327
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Garrard LJ, Yang M, O'Connell MP, Kelley RF, Henner DJ. FAB Assembly and Enrichment in a Monovalent Phage Display System. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1991; 9:1373-7. [PMID: 1369462 DOI: 10.1038/nbt1291-1373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
We have developed a system that allows the expression of a single copy of an antibody Fab molecule on the surface of the filamentous bacteriophage M13 and demonstrate the utility of this system for enrichment of specific "Fab phage". A "humanized" version of antibody 4D5 (h4D5) directed against the extracellular domain of the HER2 (neu) receptor, was used as prototype to assess the assembly of Fab molecules on the phage and to determine the power of the enrichment system. The h4D5 Fab phage showed specific binding to the extracellular domain of the receptor and exhibited an affinity for its antigen virtually identical to the Fab itself. By virtue of its antigen binding, the h4D5 Fab phage could be sorted from a million-fold excess of non-cognate Fab phage in only two rounds of sorting. Further experiments demonstrated that the h4D5 Fab phage could be preferentially enriched from mixtures of variant Fab phages that had lower affinities for the HER2 receptor.
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1328
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Arulkumaran S, Yang M, Tien CY, Ratnam SS. Reliability of intrauterine pressure measurements. Obstet Gynecol 1991; 78:800-2. [PMID: 1923200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The reliability of intrauterine pressure measurements was studied by placing two catheters in the same uterus in women in labor. Nineteen parturients were studied, five with two Intran I catheters in different pockets of amniotic fluid, five with two Intran II catheters in different pockets, and nine with two Intran II catheters in the same pocket of amniotic fluid. Among 1429 contractions studied, the catheters showed differences of pressure of less than 5 mmHg in 86% of contractions and of less than 10 mmHg in 94%. When cumulative uterine activity was calculated for each labor, the difference in the total active pressures shown by the two catheters was less than 5% in 17 cases and 5% or more in two cases. These differences are unlikely to be of any importance in the management of labor.
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1329
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Pillion DJ, Bartlett JD, Meezan E, Yang M, Crain RJ, Grizzle WE. Systemic absorption of insulin delivered topically to the rat eye. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1991; 32:3021-7. [PMID: 1834605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin administration in eye drops containing 1% saponin caused a rapid and reproducible reduction in blood levels of D-glucose in anesthetized rats; insulin eye drops lacking saponin were ineffective. Systemic insulin absorption also was observed when Brij 78 or BL-9 was substituted for saponin in eye drops containing insulin. Nonanesthetized rats displayed lower initial D-glucose levels than anesthetized rats, and little hypoglycemic response to insulin eye drops could be observed, suggesting that counter-regulatory hormones could effectively counterbalance the influence of exogenous insulin on glycemic control. Streptozotocin-diabetic rats displayed elevated blood D-glucose values (greater than 400 mg/dl), and these values were decreased to 100-200 mg/dl after the administration of insulin in eye drop solutions containing saponin. The site of insulin absorption appears to be the nasolacrimal drainage system of the rat because administration of a solution containing insulin plus saponin directly into the punctum caused a rapid, significant decrease in blood D-glucose levels. The observation that insulin could be absorbed from the rat eye is consistent with the possibility that insulin eye drops containing an absorption-enhancing surfactant agent could be of potential benefit in the treatment of diabetes mellitus in humans.
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1330
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Yang M. [Quality of Chinese drug Halloysitum rubrum]. ZHONGGUO ZHONG YAO ZA ZHI = ZHONGGUO ZHONGYAO ZAZHI = CHINA JOURNAL OF CHINESE MATERIA MEDICA 1991; 16:453-4, 510. [PMID: 1804180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
X-ray diffraction was used in analysing the constituents of Halloysitum rubrum. The results show that its composition is quite complicated and its colours are mainly due to the content of Fe.
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1331
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Bose R, Yang M, Pan N. Autoantibodies to serum proteins in women with recurrent spontaneous abortion: subsequent pregnancy outcome. Immunol Invest 1991; 20:441-9. [PMID: 1791033 DOI: 10.3109/08820139109082625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Sera from 130 first trimester pregnant women were tested for their serum antibody level against a naturally occurring serum antigen purified from non-pregnancy sera. IgG and IgM antibody level was measured using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Results indicate that patients with multiple abortion (n = 26) have significantly (p = 0.0029) lower level of IgG antibody and significantly (p = 0.0001) higher level of IgM antibodies against the serum antigen as compared to the patients with successful pregnancies with no history of miscarriage (n = 63). Western blot analysis identified the serum antigen recognized by the IgM antibody as a 24 kDa molecular mass component. These IgG and IgM antibodies may play an important role in the outcome of pregnancy.
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1332
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Yang M, Olsen E, Dolovich J, Sehon AH, Mohapatra SS. Immunologic characterization of a recombinant Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis) allergenic peptide. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1991; 87:1096-104. [PMID: 2045614 DOI: 10.1016/0091-6749(91)92155-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A recombinant peptide of Kentucky bluegrass (KBG) pollen was synthesized as a fusion protein (FP) in Escherichia coli by recombinant DNA procedures and was compared with its natural counterparts with respect to its allergenic properties. The FP was demonstrated to bind to the IgE antibodies (Abs) of greater than or equal to 95% of 55 individual sera examined. A positive correlation (r = 0.90) was observed between the levels of IgE Abs corresponding to the FP and the grass-pollen extract(s). With sera of five allergic patients, the IgE binding of three different protein preparations were compared, namely, KBG pollen proteins, 27 to 35 kd gel-purified pollen proteins, and the FP. Results indicated that about 50% of the total IgE binding of KBG pollen proteins was due to the IgE Abs specific to FP. Comparison of the above protein preparations with respect to their abilities to specifically stimulate murine popliteal lymph node cells in vitro indicated that the total pollen proteins stimulated the highest proliferation of lymph node cells. Interestingly, the FP supported higher proliferation of lymph node cells than the gel-purified proteins. Collectively, these results suggest that the recombinant peptide constitutes a major allergenic constituent of grass pollens and may be of diagnostic and therapeutic value.
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1333
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Arulkumaran S, Chua S, Chua TM, Yang M, Piara S, Ratnam SS. Uterine activity in dysfunctional labour and target uterine activity to be aimed with oxytocin titration. ASIA-OCEANIA JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY 1991; 17:101-6. [PMID: 1867576 DOI: 10.1111/j.1447-0756.1991.tb00031.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Uterine activity was quantified using a transducer tipped intrauterine catheter in 75 nulliparous women with dysfunctional labour. The active contraction area profiles in these women were below the median levels reported for those who had normal progress of labour from our institution. When uterine activity was augmented with oxytocin, 90.7% progressed in labour and delivered vaginally. Six patients (8%) showed poor progress despite good uterine activity and had to be delivered by caesarean section (CS) for failure to progress and signs of cephalopelvic disproportion. The pre- and post-augmentation uterine activity were similar in those who delivered vaginally or by CS and was not helpful in identifying those who had cephalopelvic disproportion. Of the 75 women who had slow progress of labour, 50 had a contraction frequency of less than 1 in 3 min whilst 25 had a minimum frequency of 1 in 3 min or more. All except one in the latter group delivered vaginally when oxytocin was titrated to achieve a contraction frequency of 1 in 2 to 2 1/2 min which were clinically judged to be adequate based on a duration greater than 40 sec. Oxytocin should be titrated to achieve a target contraction frequency of 1 in 2 to 2 1/2 min lasting greater than 40 sec to achieve good obstetric outcome in those with dysfunctional labour.
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1334
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Amjad M, Castro JM, Sandoval H, Wu JJ, Yang M, Henner DJ, Piggot PJ. An SfiI restriction map of the Bacillus subtilis 168 genome. Gene 1991; 101:15-21. [PMID: 1905666 DOI: 10.1016/0378-1119(91)90219-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A restriction map of 24 SfiI (GGCCN4/NGGCC) restriction fragments has been constructed for the Bacillus subtilis genome. The combined sizes of the fragments indicate a genome size of approx. 4.2 Mb. The SfiI fragments range in size from 7-730 kb. Genetic markers have been located on 19 of the SfiI fragments, and 69 genetic markers have been assigned to the SfiI restriction map.
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1335
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Lu G, Yang M, Shen Y, Meng J. [The absorption of Fe, Zn, Cu in siwu, sijunzi, and Liuwei dihuang decoction by small intestine in rats]. ZHONGGUO ZHONG YAO ZA ZHI = ZHONGGUO ZHONGYAO ZAZHI = CHINA JOURNAL OF CHINESE MATERIA MEDICA 1991; 16:297-8, 319-20. [PMID: 1781899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In this study the absorption of Fe, Zn and Cu in decoctions of siwu decoction, sijunzi decoction and liuwei dihuang decoction by the small intestine in anesthetized rats was observed. The experimental results showed that the absorption of Cu and Fe from siwu decoction was much higher than that from other decoctions which might be related to the hematopoietic function of Cu and Fe rich in the decoction.
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1336
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Yang M, Davies G, Garside J. The precipitation of solids in a liquid membrane emulsion: The control of particle size. POWDER TECHNOL 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/0032-5910(91)80186-m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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1337
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Koke JA, Yang M, Henner DJ, Volwerk JJ, Griffith OH. High-level expression in Escherichia coli and rapid purification of phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C from Bacillus cereus and Bacillus thuringiensis. Protein Expr Purif 1991; 2:51-8. [PMID: 1668269 DOI: 10.1016/1046-5928(91)90009-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The construction of four vectors for high-level expression in Escherichia coli of the phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C from Bacillus cereus or Bacillus thuringiensis is described. In all constructs the coding sequence for the mature phospholipase is precisely fused to the E. coli heat-stable enterotoxin II signal sequence for targeting of the protein to the periplasm. In one set of plasmids expression of the B. cereus or B. thuringiensis enzyme is under control of the E. coli alkaline phosphatase promoter, while in a second set of plasmids expression is under control of a lac-tac-tac triple tandem promoter. A simple and rapid procedure for complete purification of the phospholipase C overproduced in E. coli, involving isolation of the periplasmic proteins by osmotic shock followed by a single column chromatography step, is described. The largest quantity of purified enzyme, 40-60 mg per liter culture, is obtained with the plasmid expressing the B. cereus enzyme under control of the lac-tac-tac promoter. Lower quantities are obtained with the plasmids containing the alkaline phosphatase promoter (15-20 and 4-6 mg/liter for the B. cereus and B. thuringiensis enzymes, respectively) and with the plasmid expressing the B. thuringiensis phospholipase under control of the lac-tac-tac promoter (15-20 mg/liter). A comparison of the functional properties of the recombinant phospholipases with the native enzymes isolated from B. cereus or B. thuringiensis culture supernatant shows that they are identical with respect to their catalytic functions, viz., cleavage of phosphatidylinositol and cleavage of the glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol membrane anchor of bovine erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase.
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1338
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Yang M, Taber LA. The possible role of poroelasticity in the apparent viscoelastic behavior of passive cardiac muscle. J Biomech 1991; 24:587-97. [PMID: 1880142 DOI: 10.1016/0021-9290(91)90291-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
This paper investigates the contribution of extracellular fluid flow to the apparent viscoelastic behavior of passive cardiac muscle. The muscle is modeled as an incompressible, isotropic, poroelastic solid saturated by an incompressible viscous fluid. Based on Biot's linear and nonlinear consolidation theories, solutions are presented for general time-dependent uniaxial loading of unconfined cylindrical muscle specimens. The nonlinear analysis includes the effects of large strain, material nonlinearity, and strain-dependent permeability. The computed results show that, for axial stretch ratios greater than 1.1, the changing permeability and the loading rate strongly affect the total stress relaxation and the short-time relaxation rate. Comparisons of theoretical and published experimental results show that extracellular fluid flow can account for several observed biomechanical features of passive myocardium, including the insensitivity of stress-strain curves to loading rate and of stress-relaxation curves to the amount of stretch. Theoretical hysteresis loops, however, are too small. Thus, both poroelastic and tissue viscoelastic effects must be considered in studies of passive cardiac muscle.
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1339
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Lu G, Mao P, Pan Y, Yang M, Yie F. [Contents and solubilties of several elements in siwu decoction and liuwei dihuang decoction]. ZHONGGUO ZHONG YAO ZA ZHI = ZHONGGUO ZHONGYAO ZAZHI = CHINA JOURNAL OF CHINESE MATERIA MEDICA 1990; 15:539-41, 576. [PMID: 2092712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In this paper the contents and solubilities of copper, zinc, iron, calcium and magnesium in Siwu decoction and Liuwei Dihuang Decoction were studied. The results showed that there was a big difference in the solubilities of the elements among the crude drugs, and the increased solubilities of some elements in the simple recipe and compound prescription were an important factor for the effect of these decoctions. The increased solubilities of some elements might be one of the advantages for the compound prescription.
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1340
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Yang M, Prasad RN, Ratnam SS. Contraception: barriers and spermicides, periodic abstinence, and intrauterine devices. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol 1990; 2:524-30. [PMID: 2130948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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1341
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Kroll J, Linde P, Habenicht M, Chan S, Yang M, Vang T, Souvannasoth L, Nguyen T, Ly M, Nguyen H. Medication compliance, antidepressant blood levels, and side effects in Southeast Asian patients. J Clin Psychopharmacol 1990; 10:279-83. [PMID: 2286700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A study of medication compliance, side effects, and clinical change with the use of antidepressants in 32 Southeast Asian refugee patients seen at an urban mental health center is reported. Patients met criteria for either major depressive episode, posttraumatic stress disorder, or both. Only five of the 32 patients who stated that they were taking their medications regularly had antidepressant blood levels in the therapeutic range. Another 10 patients had subtherapeutic levels and the remaining 17 had undetectable blood levels. Patients with therapeutic blood levels had fewer side effects (p = 0.049) than patients with undetectable blood levels. Blood levels tended (p = 0.070) to be correlated with clinical improvement. The authors discuss cultural attitudes of Southeast Asian refugee patients toward medication use and side effects that appear to influence medication compliance.
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1342
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Kao Y, Yang M. Note on regularization dependence of loop corrections to the non-Abelian Chern-Simons term. Int J Clin Exp Med 1990; 41:3267-3268. [PMID: 10012260 DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.41.3267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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1343
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Smith TL, Gaskell J, Berka RM, Yang M, Henner DJ, Cullen D. The promoter of the glucoamylase-encoding gene of Aspergillus niger functions in Ustilago maydis. Gene 1990; 88:259-62. [PMID: 2112106 DOI: 10.1016/0378-1119(90)90040-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Promoter sequences from the Aspergillus niger glucoamylase-encoding gene (glaA) were linked to the bacterial hygromycin (Hy) phosphotransferase-encoding gene (hph) and this chimeric marker was used to select Hy-resistant (HyR) Ustilago maydis transformants. This is an example of an Ascomycete promoter functioning in a Basidiomycete. HyR transformants varied with respect to copy number of integrated vector, mitotic stability, and tolerance to Hy. Only 216 bp of glaA promoter sequence is required for expression in U. maydis but this promoter is not induced by starch as it is in Aspergillus spp. The transcriptional start points are the same in U. maydis and A. niger.
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1344
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Andresen MC, Yang M, Nelson SH, Steinsland OS. Cocaine inhibits baroreflex control of blood pressure by actions at arterial baroreceptors. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY 1990; 258:H1244-9. [PMID: 2331013 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.1990.258.4.h1244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Blood pressure and heart rate often increase during cocaine intoxication, but the mechanisms of these cardiovascular responses are poorly understood. The most often suggested theories are central nervous system mechanisms involving the blockade of neuronal transmitter uptake. Cocaine also has potent local anesthetic properties, and in this study we tested the possible role of peripheral actions of cocaine at baroreceptor afferents. Single fiber baroreceptors were recorded using an in vitro preparation of the rat aortic arch. Diameter, pressure, and baroreceptor discharge were recorded. Cocaine perfused through the lumen of the aortic arch at a suprathreshold pressure reduced baroreceptor discharge within 90 s of entering the lumen of the aorta. Slow ramps of pressure elicited complete pressure- and diameter-discharge curves every 5 min. Beginning at about 1 microM, cocaine inhibited baroreceptor function; threshold increased, the maximum discharge decreased, and at 100 microM cocaine, all discharge ceased. The vasodilator nitroprusside or the alpha 1-adrenoreceptor antagonist prazosin did not affect baroreceptor responses to cocaine. In in vivo tests in rabbits, cocaine that perfused through a vascularly isolated carotid sinus reduced the slope of the baroreflex relationship between carotid sinus pressure and systemic mean arterial pressure. Significant depression of baroreceptor function was found at concentrations similar to the plasma cocaine levels measured in clinical studies. The local anesthetic properties of cocaine may be involved in baroreceptor effects. Our studies suggest a possible contributing role of a new site of action of cocaine outside the central nervous system. Compromise of baroreceptor reflexes could facilitate the development of serious cardiovascular complications associated with cocaine abuse.
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1345
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Sekar MC, Yang M, Meezan E, Pillion DJ. Angiotensin II and bradykinin stimulate phosphoinositide breakdown in intact rat kidney glomeruli but not in proximal tubules: glomerular response modulated by phorbol ester. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1990; 166:373-9. [PMID: 2154205 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(90)91955-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
We have investigated the effect of angiotensin II, bradykinin, insulin and insulin-like growth factor I on phosphoinositide turnover in intact rat glomeruli and tubules. Angiotensin II produced a dose-dependent increase in inositol monophosphate formation with an IC50 of 10(-7)M, when added to isolated rat glomeruli. Angiotensin II-stimulated inositol phosphates formation was inhibited by the angiotensin receptor antagonist [Sar-Leu8]angiotensin II, indicating that the above response was mediated through activation of an angiotensin receptor in intact glomeruli. Besides angiotensin, in intact glomeruli, only bradykinin stimulated a phosphoinositide response, while in intact proximal tubules, none of the agonists tested produced an activation of the inositol phosphate formation. Angiotensin II- and bradykinin-stimulated inositol phosphate accumulation in intact glomeruli was inhibited by phorbol myristate acetate, an activator of protein kinase C.
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1346
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Chen TF, Lin SG, Chen LX, Jiang GF, Liang ZY, Yang M, Qian YZ, Xie YA. [Enhancement of absorption of tetramethylpyrazine by synthetic borneol]. ZHONGGUO YAO LI XUE BAO = ACTA PHARMACOLOGICA SINICA 1990; 11:42-4. [PMID: 2403013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Sprague-Dawley rats were given ig tetramethylpyrazine phosphate (TMP) 5 mg/kg with or without previous borneol 5 mg/kg. The plasma TMP concentrations were analysed by GC method, and the data were treated by NONLIN program. The Cmax were 931 and 562 ng/ml, respectively, (P less than 0.01); while the AUC were 68,849 and 37,174, respectively, (P less than 0.05). It is suggested that the borneol enhances the absorption of the TMP but not in elimination.
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1347
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Kroll J, Habenicht M, Mackenzie T, Yang M, Chan S, Vang T, Nguyen T, Ly M, Phommasouvanh B, Nguyen H. Depression and posttraumatic stress disorder in Southeast Asian refugees. Am J Psychiatry 1989; 146:1592-7. [PMID: 2589553 DOI: 10.1176/ajp.146.12.1592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The authors report on 404 Southeast Asian refugees seen at a community clinic. Approximately three-quarters of these patients met DSM-III criteria for major depressive episode, and 14% had posttraumatic stress disorder. Complaints of pain and sleep disturbances were the predominant presenting symptoms. Most of the men were married, but more than 40% of the women were widowed. Between 15% and 30% of the patients reported specific traumatic experiences either in their homeland or during their escape. Widowhood and such traumatic experiences were positively correlated with more symptoms of depression and anxiety.
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1348
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Arulkumaran S, Yang M, Ingemarsson I, Singh P, Ratnam SS. Augmentation of labour: does oxytocin titration to achieve preset active contraction area values produce better obstetric outcome? ASIA-OCEANIA JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY 1989; 15:333-7. [PMID: 2696457 DOI: 10.1111/j.1447-0756.1989.tb00197.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The value of quantifying active contraction area to guide oxytocin titration in augmentation of labour was investigated by a randomised trial. Sixty-eight nulliparae with slow progress of labour had oxytocin titrated to achieve preset "optimal" active contraction area or "optimal" frequency of contractions in a randomised manner. There was no difference in maternal characteristics of age and height, pre-augmentation period of observed labour or cervical dilatation at the onset of augmentation between the 2 groups. The maximum dose of oxytocin, post-augmentation period and the number of operative deliveries were similar. There was no difference in the mean birth weight of neonates, or in the number of neonates who had low Apgar score or acidotic cord arterial blood pH. Our results suggest that there may be no advantage in oxytocin titration to achieve preset "optimal" active contraction area compared with "optimal" frequency of uterine contractions in nulliparae with slow progress of labour.
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1349
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Pillion DJ, Arnold P, Yang M, Stockard CR, Grizzle WE. Receptors for insulin and insulin-like growth factor-I in the human adrenal gland. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1989; 165:204-11. [PMID: 2556134 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(89)91055-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Human adrenal glands contain high-affinity receptors for insulin and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I). Comparative studies with rat, hamster and human adrenal membranes confirmed that IGF-I receptors are most abundant in rat and hamster adrenals, whereas insulin and IGF-I receptors are present in equivalent numbers in human adrenal glands. Covalent crosslinking studies revealed that the human adrenal gland IGF-I receptor binding subunit migrated on dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gels with Mr = 135,000, which is identical to the migration of IGF-I receptor binding subunits isolated from other tissues. Autoradiography of frozen human adrenal slices incubated with [125I]insulin showed prominent, displaceable binding of this radioligand to the zona reticularis, zona glomerulosa, vasculature and medulla; in contrast, [125I]IGF-I binding to human adrenal tissue was most prominent in the zona reticularis and negligible in the medullary region.
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1350
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Grau CR, Roudybush TE, Vohra P, Kratzer FH, Yang M, Nearenberg D. Obscure relations of feather melanization and avian nutrition. WORLD POULTRY SCI J 1989. [DOI: 10.1079/wps19890015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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