2901
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Kim BM, Rhee JS, Jeong CB, Seo JS, Park GS, Lee YM, Lee JS. Heavy metals induce oxidative stress and trigger oxidative stress-mediated heat shock protein (hsp) modulation in the intertidal copepod Tigriopus japonicus. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2014; 166:65-74. [PMID: 25058597 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2014.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2014] [Revised: 06/25/2014] [Accepted: 07/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (hsps) are induced by a wide range of environmental stressors including heavy metals in aquatic organisms. However, the effect of heavy metals on zooplankton at the molecular level remains still unclear. In this study, we measured the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and the antioxidant enzyme activities for 96 h after exposure to five heavy metals: arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), silver (Ag), and zinc (Zn) in the intertidal copepod Tigriopus japonicus. Activities of the antioxidant enzymes were highly elevated in metal-exposed copepods, indicating that heavy metals can induce oxidative stress by generating ROS, and stimulate the involvement of antioxidant enzymes as cellular defense mechanisms. Subsequently, transcriptional changes in hsp gene families were further investigated in the metal-exposed groups for 96 h. The ROS level and glutathione (GSH) content were significantly increased in Ag-, As-, and Cu-exposed copepods, while they were only slightly elevated in Cd- and Zn-exposed groups. Based on the numbers of significantly modulated hsp genes and their expression levels for 96 h, we measured the effect of heavy metals to stress genes of T. japonicus in the following order: Cu > Zn > Ag > As > Cd, implying that Cu acts as a stronger oxidative stress inducer than other heavy metals. Of them, the expression of hsp20 and hsp70 genes was substantially modulated by exposure to heavy metals, indicating that these genes would provide a sensitive molecular biomarker for aquatic monitoring of heavy metal pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Mi Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, South Korea
| | - Jae-Sung Rhee
- Department of Marine Science, College of Natural Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon 406-772, South Korea
| | - Chang-Bum Jeong
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, South Korea
| | - Jung Soo Seo
- Pathology Team, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute, Busan 619-902, South Korea
| | - Gyung Soo Park
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Anyang University, Ganghwa 417-833, South Korea
| | - Young-Mi Lee
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Sangmyung University, Seoul 110-743, South Korea.
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, South Korea.
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2902
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Wu Q, Cui Y, Li Q, Sun J. Effective removal of heavy metals from industrial sludge with the aid of a biodegradable chelating ligand GLDA. J Hazard Mater 2014; 283:748-754. [PMID: 25464318 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2014] [Revised: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Tetrasodium of N,N-bis(carboxymethyl) glutamic acid (GLDA), a novel readily biodegradable chelating ligand, was employed for the first time to remove heavy metals from industrial sludge generated from a local battery company. The extraction of cadmium, nickel, copper, and zinc from battery sludge with the presence of GLDA was studied under different experimental conditions such as contact times, pH values, as well as GLDA concentrations. Species distribution of metals in the sludge sample before and after extraction with GLDA was also analyzed. Current investigation showed that (i) GLDA was effective for Cd extraction from sludge samples under various conditions. (ii) About 89% cadmium, 82% nickel and 84% copper content could be effectively extracted at the molar ratio of GLDA:M(II)=3:1 and at pH=4, whereas the removal efficiency of zinc was quite low throughout the experiment. (iii) A variety of parameters, such as contact time, pH values, the concentration of chelating agent, stability constant, as well as species distribution of metals could affect the chelating properties of GLDA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Wu
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, No. 46, Jianshe Road, Xinxiang 453007, Henan, China
| | - Yanrui Cui
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, No. 46, Jianshe Road, Xinxiang 453007, Henan, China
| | - Qilu Li
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, No. 46, Jianshe Road, Xinxiang 453007, Henan, China
| | - Jianhui Sun
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, No. 46, Jianshe Road, Xinxiang 453007, Henan, China.
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2903
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El-Megharbel SM, Hamza RZ, Refat MS. Preparation, spectroscopic, thermal, antihepatotoxicity, hematological parameters and liver antioxidant capacity characterizations of Cd(II), Hg(II), and Pb(II) mononuclear complexes of paracetamol anti-inflammatory drug. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2014; 131:534-544. [PMID: 24840496 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2014.04.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2014] [Revised: 04/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Keeping in view that some metal complexes are found to be more potent than their parent drugs, therefore, our present paper aimed to synthesized Cd(II), Hg(II) and Pb(II) complexes of paracetamol (Para) anti-inflammatory drug. Paracetamol complexes with general formula [M(Para)2(H2O)2]·nH2O have been synthesized and characterized on the basis of elemental analysis, conductivity, IR and thermal (TG/DTG), (1)H NMR, electronic spectral studies. The conductivity data of these complexes have non-electrolytic nature. Comparative antimicrobial (bacteria and fungi) behaviors and molecular weights of paracetamol with their complexes have been studied. In vivo the antihepatotoxicity effect and some liver function parameters levels (serum total protein, ALT, AST, and LDH) were measured. Hematological parameters and liver antioxidant capacities of both Para and their complexes were performed. The Cd(2+)+Para complex was recorded amelioration of antioxidant capacities in liver homogenates compared to other Para complexes treated groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samy M El-Megharbel
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Taif University, Al-Haweiah, P.O. Box 888, Zip Code 21974, Taif, Saudi Arabia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Reham Z Hamza
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Moamen S Refat
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Taif University, Al-Haweiah, P.O. Box 888, Zip Code 21974, Taif, Saudi Arabia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt.
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2904
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Javed M, Usmani N. Stress response of biomolecules (carbohydrate, protein and lipid profiles) in fish Channa punctatus inhabiting river polluted by Thermal Power Plant effluent. Saudi J Biol Sci 2014; 22:237-42. [PMID: 25737659 PMCID: PMC4336452 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2014.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Revised: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 09/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Qualitative and quantitative assessment of heavy metals in the Thermal Power Plant effluent was performed to study the impact of their toxic effects on various biomarkers (carbohydrate, protein and lipid profiles). Heavy metals present in the water were in the order Fe > Cu > Zn > Mn > Ni > Co > Cr. Fe and Ni exceeded and Cr was equal to the USA standards set by UNEPGEMS. Glycogen in liver (p < 0.001) and muscle (p < 0.01) depleted significantly. Insignificant (p < 0.05) decline in blood glucose (−21.0%) and significant (p < 0.05) elevation in both total protein and globulin in serum, liver and muscle was noted. Albumin decreased significantly (p < 0.01) in serum but showed significant (p < 0.05) increase in liver and muscle. Thus A:G ratio fell in serum and rose in liver and muscle. Similarly lipid profile also gets altered where significant elevation in serum total lipid (p < 0.01), total cholesterol (p < 0.01), phospholipid (p < 0.05), triglycerides (p < 0.001), LDL (p < 0.01) was observed but significant (p < 0.05) decline in VLDL was recorded. These biomarkers suggested that fish become hypoglycemic, hyperlipidemic and hypercholesterolemic. Heavy metals also provoked immune response as evident from the rise in globulin. In conclusion the Thermal Power Plant wastewater containing heavy metals induced stress, making fish weak and vulnerable to diseases.
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2905
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Zhou P, Guo J, Zhou X, Zhang W, Liu L, Liu Y, Lin K. PM2.5, PM10 and health risk assessment of heavy metals in a typical printed circuit noards manufacturing workshop. J Environ Sci (China) 2014; 26:2018-2026. [PMID: 25288545 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2014.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Revised: 02/02/2014] [Accepted: 02/28/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A typical Printed Circuit Board (PCB) manufacturer was chosen as the object of this study. During PCB processing, fine particulate matter and heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr, Cd and Ni) will be released into the air and dust, which then impact workers' health and the environment. The concentrations of total suspended particle (TSP), PM10 and PM2.5 in the off-site were 106.3, 90.0 and 50.2μg/m(3), respectively, while the concentrations of TSP, PM10 and PM2.5 in the workshops ranged from 36.1 to 365.3, from 27.1 to 289.8 and from 22.1 to 212.3μg/m(3), respectively. Almost all six of the heavy metals were detected in all of the particle samples except Cd. For each workshop, it was obvious that Zn was the most enriched metal in TSP, followed by Cu>Pb (Cr)>Ni>Cd, and the same trend was found for PM10 and PM2.5. In the dust samples, Cu (which ranged from 4.02 to 56.31mg/g) was the most enriched metal, followed by Zn, Cr, Pb, Ni and Cd, and the corresponding concentrations ranged from 0.77 to 4.47, 0.37 to 1.59, 0.26 to 0.84, 0.13 to 0.44 and nd to 0.078mg/g, respectively. The health risk assessment showed that noncancerous effects are unlikely for Zn, Pb, Cr, Cu, Cd and Ni. The carcinogenic risks for Cd and Ni were all lower than 10(-6), except for Cr. This result indicates that carcinogenic risks for workers are relatively possible in the workshops. These findings suggest that this technology is advanced from the perspective of environmental protection in the waste PCB's recycling industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhou
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jie Guo
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhou
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Lili Liu
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yangcheng Liu
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Kuangfei Lin
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
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2906
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Tzanakos K, Mimilidou A, Anastasiadou K, Stratakis A, Gidarakos E. Solidification/stabilization of ash from medical waste incineration into geopolymers. Waste Manag 2014; 34:1823-1828. [PMID: 24785364 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2014.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2013] [Revised: 03/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/26/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, bottom and fly ash, generated from incinerated medical waste, was used as a raw material for the production of geopolymers. The stabilization (S/S) process studied in this paper has been evaluated by means of the leaching and mechanical properties of the S/S solids obtained. Hospital waste ash, sodium hydroxide, sodium silicate solution and metakaolin were mixed. Geopolymers were cured at 50°C for 24h. After a certain aging time of 7 and 28 days, the strength of the geopolymer specimens, the leachability of heavy metals and the mineralogical phase of the produced geopolymers were studied. The effects of the additions of fly ash and calcium compounds were also investigated. The results showed that hospital waste ash can be utilized as source material for the production of geopolymers. The addition of fly ash and calcium compounds considerably improves the strength of the geopolymer specimens (2-8 MPa). Finally, the solidified matrices indicated that geopolymerization process is able to reduce the amount of the heavy metals found in the leachate of the hospital waste ash.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Tzanakos
- Laboratory of Toxic and Hazardous Waste Management, Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Crete, Chania P.C. 73100, Greece.
| | - Aliki Mimilidou
- Laboratory of Toxic and Hazardous Waste Management, Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Crete, Chania P.C. 73100, Greece
| | - Kalliopi Anastasiadou
- Division Bridges and Structural Technology/Section Tunnel and Foundation Engineering, Tunnel Operation, Civil Security, Federal Highway Research Institute (BASt), Bruederstraße 53, P.C. 51427 Bergisch Gladbach, Germany
| | - Antonis Stratakis
- Laboratory of Applied Mineralogy, Department of Mineral Resources Engineering, Technical University of Crete, Chania P.C. 73100, Greece
| | - Evangelos Gidarakos
- Laboratory of Toxic and Hazardous Waste Management, Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Crete, Chania P.C. 73100, Greece
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2907
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Jiao W, Ouyang W, Hao F, Huang H, Shan Y, Geng X. Combine the soil water assessment tool (SWAT) with sediment geochemistry to evaluate diffuse heavy metal loadings at watershed scale. J Hazard Mater 2014; 280:252-259. [PMID: 25169808 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.07.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Revised: 06/16/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Assessing the diffuse pollutant loadings at watershed scale has become increasingly important when formulating effective watershed water management strategies, but the process was seldom achieved for heavy metals. In this study, the overall temporal-spatial variability of particulate Pb, Cu, Cr and Ni losses within an agricultural watershed was quantitatively evaluated by combining SWAT with sediment geochemistry. Results showed that the watershed particulate heavy metal loadings displayed strong variability in the simulation period 1981-2010, with an obvious increasing trend in recent years. The simulated annual average loadings were 20.21 g/ha, 21.75 g/ha, 47.35 g/ha and 21.27 g/ha for Pb, Cu, Cr and Ni, respectively. By comparison, these annual average values generally matched the estimated particulate heavy metal loadings at field scale. With spatial interpolation of field loadings, it was found that the diffuse heavy metal pollution mainly came from the sub-basins dominated with cultivated lands, accounting for over 70% of total watershed loadings. The watershed distribution of particulate heavy metal losses was very similar to that of soil loss but contrary to that of heavy metal concentrations in soil, highlighting the important role of sediment yield in controlling the diffuse heavy metal loadings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Wei Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Fanghua Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Haobo Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yushu Shan
- Taihu Basin Authority, Ministry of Water Resources, Shanghai 200434, China
| | - Xiaojun Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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2908
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Esmaeili A, Beni AA. A novel fixed-bed reactor design incorporating an electrospun PVA/chitosan nanofiber membrane. J Hazard Mater 2014; 280:788-96. [PMID: 25240648 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.08.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Revised: 08/10/2014] [Accepted: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In this research, a novel fixed-bed reactor was designed with a nanofiber membrane composed of a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/chitosan nanofiber blend prepared using an electrospinning technique. The applied voltage, tip-collector distance, and solution flow rate of the electrospinning process were 18 kV, 14.5 cm, and 0.5 mL h(-1), respectively. Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) theory, scanning electron microscope (SEM), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) were employed to characterize and analyze the nanofiber membranes. Homogeneous electrospun nanofibers with an average diameter of 99.47 nm and surface area of 214.12 m(2)g(-1) were obtained. Adsorption experiments were carried out in a batch system to investigate the effect of different adsorption parameters such as pH, adsorbent dose, biomass dose, contact time, and temperature. The kinetic data, obtained at the optimal pH of 6, were analyzed by pseudo first-order and pseudo second-order kinetic models. Three isotherm models and thermodynamic parameters (ΔG°, ΔH°, and ΔS°) were applied to describe the equilibrium data of the metal ions adsorbed onto the PVA/chitosan nanofiber membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akbar Esmaeili
- Department of Chemical Engineering, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, PO Box 19585/936, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ali Aghababai Beni
- Department of Chemical Engineering, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, PO Box 19585/936, Tehran, Iran
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2909
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Lu X, Gao Y, Luo J, Yan S, Rengel Z, Zhang Z. Interaction of veterinary antibiotic tetracyclines and copper on their fates in water and water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes). J Hazard Mater 2014; 280:389-398. [PMID: 25194556 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2014] [Revised: 07/22/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) may provide an alternative solution for the removal of co-contamination between antibiotics and heavy metals from livestock and poultry wastewater. A hydroponic experiment was conducted to investigate interaction of tetracyclines (TCs) and copper (Cu) on growth of E. crassipes, removal of TCs and Cu by plants and their fates in solution. After 20 days, plant growth, concentrations and accumulation of Cu and TCs in plants, removal by plants, and dissipation in solution were significantly influenced by interaction of Cu and TCs. Influence of only Cu or TCs on plant growth was not significant, except for TCs at 15 mg L(-1) which produced a negative effect on plant biomass. The presence of low-Cu and high-TCs acted synergistically to promote the negative effect of TCs on plant biomass, but increasing Cu concentration partially alleviated the adverse effect. Co-contamination of low-concentration Cu and TCs could exert antagonistic effects on the removal and accumulation of Cu and TCs by plants; in contrast, synergistic effects were found for the combination of high-concentration Cu and TCs. The Cu/TCs in solution could effectively be removed using E. crassipes. Plants significantly enhanced dissipation of TCs in solution. Hence, interaction of TCs and Cu should be taken into consideration when judging (1) an ecotoxicological potential of TCs and Cu residues in aquatic environments, and (2) removal efficiency of TCs and Cu in phytoremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Lu
- Institute of Agricultural Resource and Environmental Sciences, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; Jiangsu Synthetic Innovation Center for Coastal Bio-agriculture, Yancheng Teachers College, Yancheng 224002, China
| | - Yan Gao
- Institute of Agricultural Resource and Environmental Sciences, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; Jiangsu Synthetic Innovation Center for Coastal Bio-agriculture, Yancheng Teachers College, Yancheng 224002, China
| | - Jia Luo
- Institute of Agricultural Resource and Environmental Sciences, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; Jiangsu Synthetic Innovation Center for Coastal Bio-agriculture, Yancheng Teachers College, Yancheng 224002, China
| | - Shaohua Yan
- Institute of Agricultural Resource and Environmental Sciences, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; Jiangsu Synthetic Innovation Center for Coastal Bio-agriculture, Yancheng Teachers College, Yancheng 224002, China
| | - Zed Rengel
- School of Earth and Environment, The University of Western Australia, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Zhenhua Zhang
- Institute of Agricultural Resource and Environmental Sciences, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; Jiangsu Synthetic Innovation Center for Coastal Bio-agriculture, Yancheng Teachers College, Yancheng 224002, China; School of Earth and Environment, The University of Western Australia, WA 6009, Australia.
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2910
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Won EJ, Ra K, Kim KT, Lee JS, Lee YM. Three novel superoxide dismutase genes identified in the marine polychaete Perinereis nuntia and their differential responses to single and combined metal exposures. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2014; 107:36-45. [PMID: 24905695 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2013] [Revised: 03/19/2014] [Accepted: 03/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
To identify superoxide dismutase (SOD) genes and evaluate their usefulness as potential markers for monitoring metal toxicity in aquatic environment, we cloned, sequenced, and characterized 3 SOD genes (Cu/Zn-SOD1, Cu/Zn-SOD2, and Mn-SOD) from the marine polychaete Perinereis nuntia. The accumulated metal contents and expressions of 3 SOD genes were compared after exposure to single and combinations of heavy metals, As, Ni, and Pb. The deduced amino acid sequences of the 3 SODs had evolutionary conserved domains, such as metal binding sites, and signature sequences. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that Cu/Zn-SOD1, Cu/Zn-SOD2, and Mn-SOD were clustered with extracellular Cu/Zn-SOD, intracellular Cu/Zn-SOD and mitochondrial Mn-SOD, respectively, of other species. The accumulated contents of Ni and Pb increased significantly in a time - dependent manner after exposure to both single and combination of the metals. However, the concentration of As did not change significantly in the exposure test. The quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) array showed that the 3 SOD genes had differential expression patterns depending on the exposure condition. The expression of all SODs mRNAs was significantly elevated in response to Pb alone and in combination with As. The mRNA level of Cu/Zn-SOD1 was the highest after exposure to Pb alone, while that of Mn-SOD was remarkably enhanced after exposure to a combination of As and Pb. Exposure to Ni alone rapidly elevated the expression of Cu/Zn-SOD1 and Mn-SOD mRNA, which then gradually decreased. Exposure to As had no significant effect on the modulation of any of the SOD genes of P. nuntia. These results suggest that all SOD genes might play important roles in cellular protection as antioxidant enzymes against heavy metal toxicity via different modes of action in P. nuntia and might have the potential to act as indicators in an environment containing a mixture of metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Ji Won
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, South Korea
| | - Kongtae Ra
- Marine Environment and Conservation Department, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology (KIOST), Ansan 426-744, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Tae Kim
- Marine Environment and Conservation Department, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology (KIOST), Ansan 426-744, South Korea
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, South Korea
| | - Young-Mi Lee
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Sangmyung University, Seoul 110-743, South Korea.
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2911
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Hanc A, Szakova J, Ochecova P. Differences in the mobility of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn during composting of two types of household bio-waste collected in four seasons. Bioresour Technol 2014; 168:204-213. [PMID: 24565871 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.01.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2013] [Revised: 01/27/2014] [Accepted: 01/30/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the mobility of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn during 3 different compost aeration rates of household bio-waste, originating in urban settlement (U-bio-waste) and family house buildings (F-bio-waste). The first two weeks, when the thermophilic composting phase became, the highest decline of exchangeable content was recorded. After 12 weeks of composting, lower exchangeable content was found in the case of U-bio-waste composts than F-bio-waste composts, despite higher loss of fresh mass. The order of fractions in both final composts was as follows: residual>oxidizable>reducible>exchangeable. The exchangeable portion of total content in final composts decreased in this order: Zn (17%), Cd (11%), Pb (4%) and Cu (3%). Regarding the low exchangeable content of heavy metals and high-quality organic matter, these types of composts could be used not only as fertilizer, but for remediation of metals contaminated land.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ales Hanc
- Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, Prague 165 21, Czech Republic.
| | - Jirina Szakova
- Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, Prague 165 21, Czech Republic
| | - Pavla Ochecova
- Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, Prague 165 21, Czech Republic
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2912
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Leng L, Yuan X, Huang H, Jiang H, Chen X, Zeng G. The migration and transformation behavior of heavy metals during the liquefaction process of sewage sludge. Bioresour Technol 2014; 167:144-50. [PMID: 24976493 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.05.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2014] [Revised: 05/27/2014] [Accepted: 05/31/2014] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Bio-oils and bio-chars were obtained from sewage sludge (SS) by liquefaction with ethanol (or acetone) as the solvent at the temperature of 280, 320 and 360°C. The migration and transformation of HMs as Pb, Zn, Cu and Ni during liquefaction were thoroughly investigated. Meanwhile, the environmental risk of HMs in the bio-oils and bio-chars was assessed according to the risk assessment code (RAC). The results showed that the liquefaction solvent and temperature significantly affected the redistribution of HMs. HMs distributed mainly into the bio-chars, with less than 10% into the bio-oils. Increasing liquefaction temperature would promote a higher HM content in bio-oils. The environmental risk of HMs in bio-chars was mitigated compared to SS, especially for Ni. However, the environmental risk of Zn and Ni in bio-oils was undesirably high in comparison with bio-chars. It was suggested that the bio-oil should be pretreated before utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijian Leng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Xingzhong Yuan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China.
| | - Huajun Huang
- School of Land Resources and Environment, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, PR China
| | - Hongwei Jiang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Xiaohong Chen
- School of Business, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Guangming Zeng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
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2913
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Chen CY, Lai CC, Chen KS, Hsu CC, Hung CC, Chen MH. Total and organic mercury concentrations in the muscles of Pacific albacore (Thunnus alalunga) and bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus). Mar Pollut Bull 2014; 85:606-612. [PMID: 24559740 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.01.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2013] [Revised: 01/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Muscles of 115 North Pacific albacore (ALB, Thunnus alalunga) and 75 Pacific bigeye tuna (BET, Thunnus obesus), collected from 2001 to 2006, were analyzed. No ALB, but 13 large BET had organic mercury (OH g) concentrations exceeding 1 μg g(-1) wet weight. For both ALB and BET, total mercury (THg) and OH g concentrations were significantly and positively correlated with fork length (FL) and body weight. The muscle Hg bioaccumulation rates of BET were higher than those of ALB, particularly in the adult fish. Moreover, the lines had crossover points among the two species that imply the young BET (FL<110 cm) contains lower muscle Hg concentrations than ALB of the same size. The suggested weekly dietary intake of ALB and small-BET meats is 340 g, and of BET meat it is 150 g for a 60-kg person based on the provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI) of methylmercury set by the WHO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiee-Young Chen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung Marine University, Kaohsiung 81143, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Cheng Lai
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Shu Chen
- Department of Oceanography and Asia-Pacific Ocean Research Center, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan; Institute of Oceanography, College of Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chung Hsu
- Institute of Oceanography, College of Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Chang Hung
- Department of Oceanography and Asia-Pacific Ocean Research Center, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan; Taiwan Ocean Research Institute, National Applied Research Laboratories, Kaohsiung 85243, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Hsien Chen
- Department of Oceanography and Asia-Pacific Ocean Research Center, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
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2914
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Yu Z, Zhu X, Jiang Y, Luo P, Hu C. Bioremediation and fodder potentials of two Sargassum spp. in coastal waters of Shenzhen, South China. Mar Pollut Bull 2014; 85:797-802. [PMID: 24332756 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2013] [Revised: 11/15/2013] [Accepted: 11/19/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the bioremediation potentials of two seaweeds (Sargassum hemiphyllum and S. henslowianum) against pollution in a coastal mariculture area of Shenzhen, South China, were investigated by comparing the growth, nutrient bioaccumulation capacity of plants from the seaweed bed (control site) with plants from the fish farm. Results indicated that both species are potential candidates for bioremediation in the fish farm areas in terms of their high growth rates and high bioaccumulation capacities on inorganic nutrients. Both Sargassum spp. contain high levels of crude protein (11.7-14.0%) and crude fat (2.2-2.7%), suggesting high nutritional values. The S. hemiphyllum may serve as a good aquaculture fodder with high nutritional compositions and low heavy metal contents. However, heavy metals (Cr, Pb and Cd) of S. henslowianum exceed the maximum allowable concentrations as aquatic feed, which restricts its fodder application. In general, the results of this study may contribute to the marine pollution bioremediation in the coastal areas of South China, especially in mariculture zones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zonghe Yu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology (LMB) and Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology of Guangdong Province (LAMB), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Xiaoshan Zhu
- Shenzhen Public Platform for Screening and Application of Marine Microbial Resources, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yuelu Jiang
- Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Peng Luo
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology (LMB) and Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology of Guangdong Province (LAMB), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Chaoqun Hu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology (LMB) and Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology of Guangdong Province (LAMB), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China.
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2915
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De la Cruz-Guzman M, Aguilar-Aguilar A, Hernandez-Adame L, Bañuelos-Frias A, Medellín-Rodríguez FJ, Palestino G. A turn-on fluorescent solid-sensor for Hg(II) detection. Nanoscale Res Lett 2014; 9:431. [PMID: 25232294 PMCID: PMC4155041 DOI: 10.1186/1556-276x-9-431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2014] [Accepted: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A rhodamine organosilane derivative (Rh-UTES) has been obtained by one-pot synthesis. The chemical structure of Rh-UTES was confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and infrared (FTIR) techniques. To obtain an inorganic-organic hybrid sensor, Rh-UTES was covalently immobilized on a porous silicon microcavity (PSiMc) via triethoxysilane groups. The attachment of the organic derivative into PSiMc was confirmed by FTIR, specular reflectance, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The optical performance of Rh-UTES receptor for Hg(2+) detection was investigated by fluorescent spectroscopy and microscopy. Upon the addition of increasing amounts of Hg(2+) ions, a remarkable enhancement in emission intensity was produced in both systems. In the solid phase, an increase of integrated fluorescent emission of 0.12- and 0.15-fold after Hg(2+) receptor coordination was observed. The light harvesting capability of PSiMc devices allowed obtaining an enhanced fluorescent emission after Rh-UTES immobilization (277-fold). The fluorescence microscopy of hybrid PSiMc sensor provided an optical qualitative test for Hg(2+) detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayela De la Cruz-Guzman
- Biopolymers and Nanostructures Laboratory, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Manuel Nava No. 6, San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí 78210, México
| | - Angelica Aguilar-Aguilar
- Biopolymers and Nanostructures Laboratory, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Manuel Nava No. 6, San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí 78210, México
| | - Luis Hernandez-Adame
- Biopolymers and Nanostructures Laboratory, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Manuel Nava No. 6, San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí 78210, México
| | - Alan Bañuelos-Frias
- Colloids and Interfaces Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Manuel Nava No. 6, San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí 78210, México
| | - Francisco J Medellín-Rodríguez
- Materials Laboratory, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Manuel Nava No. 6, San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí 78210, México
| | - Gabriela Palestino
- Biopolymers and Nanostructures Laboratory, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Manuel Nava No. 6, San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí 78210, México
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2916
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Ye M, Sun M, Liu Z, Ni N, Chen Y, Gu C, Kengara FO, Li H, Jiang X. Evaluation of enhanced soil washing process and phytoremediation with maize oil, carboxymethyl-β-cyclodextrin, and vetiver grass for the recovery of organochlorine pesticides and heavy metals from a pesticide factory site. J Environ Manage 2014; 141:161-168. [PMID: 24794390 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2014] [Revised: 03/26/2014] [Accepted: 03/29/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
An innovative ex situ soil washing technology was developed in this study to remediate organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and heavy metals in a mixed contaminated site. Elevated temperature (60 °C) combined with ultrasonication (40 kHz, 20 min) at 50 mL L(-1) maize oil and 45 g L(-1) carboxylmethyl-β-cyclodextrin were effective in extracting pollutants from the soil. After two successive washing cycles, the removal efficiency rates for total OCPs, mirex, endosulfans, chlordanes, Cd, and Pb were approximately 94.7%, 87.2%, 98.5%, 92.3%, 91.6%, and 87.3%, respectively. Cultivation of vetiver grass and addition of nutrients for 3 months further degraded 34.7% of the residual total OCPs and partially restored the microbiological functions of the soil. This result was indicated by the significant increase in the number, biomass C, N, and functioning diversity of soil microorganisms (p < 0.05). After the treatment, the residual OCPs and heavy metals existed as very slowly desorbing fraction and residual fraction, as evaluated by Tenax extraction combined with a first-three-compartment model and sequential extraction. Moreover, the secondary environmental risk of residual pollutants in the remediated soil was at an acceptable level. The proposed combined cleanup strategy proved to be effective and environmentally friendly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
| | - Mingming Sun
- Soil Ecology Lab, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
| | - Zongtang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Ni Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yinwen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Chengang Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
| | | | - Huixin Li
- Soil Ecology Lab, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
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2917
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Daverey A, Chen YC, Sung S, Lin JG. Effect of zinc on anammox activity and performance of simultaneous partial nitrification, anammox and denitrification (SNAD) process. Bioresour Technol 2014; 165:105-110. [PMID: 24815312 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2014] [Revised: 04/08/2014] [Accepted: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, short-term effects of zinc on anammox activities and long-term effect of zinc on the performance of simultaneous partial nitrification, anammox and denitrification (SNAD) process were evaluated. The anammox activity decreased with increasing zinc concentration and exposure time in short-term tests. The IC50 value of zinc was found to be 6.9mg/L. However, the presence of zinc (<10mg/L) in wastewater stimulated the microbial activities and nitrogen removal performance of SNAD process in sequencing batch biofilm reactor (SBBR). At first, inhibition of SNAD process was observed when influent zinc concentration increased to 20mg/L. The system recovered immediately, suggesting the acclimatization of microbial communities of SNAD process. The results showed that SBBR was well acclimatized under high zinc concentration (50-100mg/L) achieving 98% NH4(+)-N, 96% TN and 87% COD removal efficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achlesh Daverey
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chian Chen
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Shihwu Sung
- College of Agriculture, Forestry, and Natural Resource Management, University of Hawaii at Hilo, 200 W. Kawili ST., Hilo, HI 96720, USA
| | - Jih-Gaw Lin
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan.
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2918
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Gupta DK, Chatterjee S, Datta S, Veer V, Walther C. Role of phosphate fertilizers in heavy metal uptake and detoxification of toxic metals. Chemosphere 2014; 108:134-144. [PMID: 24560283 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2013] [Revised: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
As a nonrenewable resource, phosphorus (P) is the second most important macronutrient for plant growth and nutrition. Demand of phosphorus application in the agricultural production is increasing fast throughout the globe. The bioavailability of phosphorus is distinctively low due to its slow diffusion and high fixation in soils which make phosphorus a key limiting factor for crop production. Applications of phosphorus-based fertilizers improve the soil fertility and agriculture yield but at the same time concerns over a number of factors that lead to environmental damage need to be addressed properly. Phosphate rock mining leads to reallocation and exposure of several heavy metals and radionuclides in crop fields and water bodies throughout the world. Proper management of phosphorus along with its fertilizers is required that may help the maximum utilization by plants and minimum run-off and wastage. Phosphorus solubilizing bacteria along with the root rhizosphere of plant integrated with root morphological and physiological adaptive strategies need to be explored further for utilization of this extremely valuable nonrenewable resource judiciously. The main objective of this review is to assess the role of phosphorus in fertilizers, their uptake along with other elements and signaling during P starvation.
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Affiliation(s)
- D K Gupta
- Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, Institut für Radioökologie und Strahlenschutz (IRS), Herrenhäuser Str. 2, Gebäude 4113, D-30419 Hannover, Germany.
| | - S Chatterjee
- Defence Research Laboratory, DRDO, Post Bag 2, Tezpur 784001, Assam, India
| | - S Datta
- Defence Research Laboratory, DRDO, Post Bag 2, Tezpur 784001, Assam, India
| | - V Veer
- Defence Research Laboratory, DRDO, Post Bag 2, Tezpur 784001, Assam, India
| | - C Walther
- Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, Institut für Radioökologie und Strahlenschutz (IRS), Herrenhäuser Str. 2, Gebäude 4113, D-30419 Hannover, Germany
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2919
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Goswami L, Sarkar S, Mukherjee S, Das S, Barman S, Raul P, Bhattacharyya P, Mandal NC, Bhattacharya S, Bhattacharya SS. Vermicomposting of Tea Factory Coal Ash: metal accumulation and metallothionein response in Eisenia fetida (Savigny) and Lampito mauritii (Kinberg). Bioresour Technol 2014; 166:96-102. [PMID: 24907568 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Revised: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 05/11/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Earthworms can accumulate heavy metals in their intestines to a great extent. Impact of feed materials and duration of metal exposure on natural activity of earthworms are rather unclear; this investigation therefore addresses the impact of metal rich Tea Factory Coal Ash (TFCA) on reproduction, composting and metal accumulation ability of Eisenia fetida and Lampito mauritii. Earthworm count and cocoon production increased significantly during vermicomposting. pH of the vermicomposted mixtures shifted toward neutrality, total organic C decreased substantially and total N enhanced significantly compared to composting. High heavy metal (Mn, Zn, Cu, As) accumulation was recorded in the intestine of both the earthworm species. Moreover, gradual increase in the metal-inducible metallothionein concentration indicated the causal mechanism of metal accumulation in these species. TFCA+cow dung (CD) (1:1) were most favorable feed mixture for E. fetida and TFCA+CD (1:2) were good for L. mauritii in regard to metal accumulation and compost quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Goswami
- Department of Environmental Science, Tezpur University, Assam 784028, India
| | - S Sarkar
- Department of Zoology, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, West Bengal, India
| | - S Mukherjee
- Department of Zoology, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, West Bengal, India
| | - S Das
- Department of Botany, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, West Bengal, India
| | - S Barman
- Department of Botany, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, West Bengal, India
| | - P Raul
- Defence Research Laboratory, DRDO, Tezpur, Assam, India
| | - P Bhattacharyya
- Indian Statistical Institute, North East Centre, Tezpur, Assam 784028, India
| | - N C Mandal
- Department of Botany, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, West Bengal, India
| | - S Bhattacharya
- Department of Zoology, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, West Bengal, India
| | - S S Bhattacharya
- Department of Environmental Science, Tezpur University, Assam 784028, India.
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2920
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Fu J, Wang H, Billah SMR, Yu H, Zhang X. Heavy metals in seawater, sediments, and biota from the coastal area of Yancheng City, China. Environ Toxicol Chem 2014; 33:1697-1704. [PMID: 24619970 DOI: 10.1002/etc.2575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2013] [Revised: 02/01/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A systematic investigation was carried out to analyze the concentration levels of heavy metals in sample seawater, sediments, and biota collected from the coastal area of Yancheng City in Jiangsu Province, China. The authors assessed the impact of these heavy metals in different environmental samples in terms of potential risks to ecology and also to the human population exposed to this area. In addition, a further investigation was carried out to test the toxicity to early-life-stage zebrafish (Danio rerio) of selected samples that were considered to pose higher levels of potential risks to ecology or human health. Chemical analysis showed relatively higher concentrations of heavy metals in the seawater and biota samples collected from Xiangshui County and Binhai County, China. The heavy metal concentrations in different samples collected from the close vicinity of Dafeng Port, China, were also considerable. In all seawater and sediment samples, heavy metals showed a relatively moderate level of risk to ecological species; for consumption of marine organisms, heavy metals had adverse impacts on human health. Toxicity assessment indicated that the selected environmental samples or their extracts had significant toxicity to zebrafish early-life stages, including lethality, teratogenicity, and hatching delay (or advance). Thus the present study provides highly useful and important information on heavy metal pollution in Jiangsu Province.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control & Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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2921
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Wang B, Wang Y, Wang W. Retention and mitigation of metals in sediment, soil, water, and plant of a newly constructed root-channel wetland (China) from slightly polluted source water. Springerplus 2014; 3:326. [PMID: 25032090 DOI: 10.1186/2193-1801-3-326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Accepted: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Constructed root-channel wetland (CRCW) is a term for pre-pond/wetland/post-pond complexes, where the wetland includes plant-bed/ditch landscape and root-channel structure. Source water out of pre-ponds flows through alternate small ditches and plant beds with root-channels via a big ditch under hydraulic regulation. Then source water flows into post-ponds to finish final polishing. This article aims to explore the potential of components of a pilot CRCW in China on mitigating metals in micro-polluted source water during its initial operation stage. We investigated six heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Zn, and Pb) in surface sediment, plant-bed subsurface soil, water, and aquatic plants during 2012–2013. Monitoring results showed that pond/ditch sediments and plant-bed soil retained a significant amount of Cr, Ni, and Zn with 93.1%, 72.4%, and 57.5% samples showing contamination factor above limit 1 respectively. Remarkably the high values of metal enrichment factor (EF) occurred in root-channel zones. Water monitoring results indicated that Ni, Zn, and Pb were removed by 78.5% (66.7%), 57.6% (59.6%), and 26.0% (7.5%) in east (west) wetland respectively. Mass balance estimation revealed that heavy metal mass in the pond/ditch sediments accounted for 63.30% and that in plant-bed soil 36.67%, while plant uptake occupied only 0.03%. The heavy metal accretion flux in sediments was 0.41 - 211.08 μg · cm-2 · a-1, less than that in plant-bed soil (0.73 - 543.94 μg · cm-2 · a-1). The 1.83 ha wetland has retained about 86.18 kg total heavy metals within 494 days after operation. This pilot case study proves that constructed root-channel wetland can reduce the potential ecological risk of purified raw water and provide a new and effective method for the removal of heavy metals from drinking water sources.
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2922
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Chai M, Shi F, Li R, Shen X. Heavy metal contamination and ecological risk in Spartina alterniflora marsh in intertidal sediments of Bohai Bay, China. Mar Pollut Bull 2014; 84:115-124. [PMID: 24930737 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2014] [Revised: 05/06/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the effects of Spartina alterniflora on heavy metals pollution of intertidal sediments, sediment cores of a S. alterniflora salt marsh and a mudflat in Bohai Bay, China were analyzed. The results showed that S. alterniflora caused higher total C and P, but lower bulk density and electrical conductivity. The levels of Cd, Cu and Pb were higher in S. alterniflora sediment. Both Cd and Zn were higher than the probable effect level at both sites, indicating their toxicological importance. The geo-accumulation and potential ecological risk indexes revealed higher metal contamination in S. alterniflora sediment. Multivariate analysis implied that anthropogenic activities altered mobility and bioavailability of heavy metals. The percentage of mobile heavy metals was higher in S. alterniflora sediment, indicating improvement of conversion from the immobilized fraction to the mobilized fraction. These findings indicate that S. alterniflora may facilitate accumulation of heavy metals and increase their bioavailability and mobility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minwei Chai
- Key Laboratory for Heavy Metal Pollution Control and Reutilization, School of Environment and Energy, Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University, Shenzhen 518055, PR China; College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Fuchen Shi
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China.
| | - Ruili Li
- Key Laboratory for Heavy Metal Pollution Control and Reutilization, School of Environment and Energy, Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University, Shenzhen 518055, PR China.
| | - Xiaoxue Shen
- Key Laboratory for Heavy Metal Pollution Control and Reutilization, School of Environment and Energy, Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
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2923
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Ning D, Huang Y, Pan R, Wang F, Wang H. Effect of eco-remediation using planted floating bed system on nutrients and heavy metals in urban river water and sediment: a field study in China. Sci Total Environ 2014; 485-486:596-603. [PMID: 24747251 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.03.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2013] [Revised: 03/16/2014] [Accepted: 03/22/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the effect of the eco-remediation on nutrients and heavy metals in river water and sediment, a field study was carried out in a site of a 2-year eco-remediation mainly using planted floating bed system in an urban river in China. Before remediation, the tested properties of water and sediment in the will-be remediated area were not different from the control area, except higher concentrations of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total nitrogen (TN) in the river water. After remediation, the remediation area showed effective removal of in-stream nutrients and elevation of dissolved oxygen and transparency. Compared to the control area, the remediation area had higher concentration of nitrate and lower concentrations of COD, ammonium, Mn and hexavalent Cr in the river water after a 2-year remediation. The remediation area also showed higher concentrations of organic carbon, TN, nitrate, sulfate, Fe, Cu, Pb and Zn in the sediment than in the control area. Accordingly, special attention should be paid to the ecological risk of heavy metals in sediments and plants in river eco-remediation projects especially in rivers polluted by heavy metals, although the metals were lower than the level of considerable ecological risk in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daliang Ning
- State Key Joint Laboratory on Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Yong Huang
- State Key Joint Laboratory on Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Ruisong Pan
- Changzhou Environmental Technology Development and Promotion Center, Changzhou 213022, PR China
| | - Fayuan Wang
- State Key Joint Laboratory on Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Hui Wang
- State Key Joint Laboratory on Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China.
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2924
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Sevilla JB, Nakajima F, Kasuga I. Comparison of aquatic and dietary exposure of heavy metals Cd, Cu, and Zn to benthic ostracod Heterocypris incongruens. Environ Toxicol Chem 2014; 33:1624-1630. [PMID: 24691681 DOI: 10.1002/etc.2596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2013] [Revised: 09/29/2013] [Accepted: 03/27/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The benthic ostracod Heterocypris incongruens is becoming an important tool for the ecotoxicological assessment of contaminated sediments. However, no study has yet explored solid-phase (dietary) exposure to ostracod. The present study examined the effects of metals on H. incongruens through aquatic and dietary exposures. The algal food Chlorella vulgaris was exposed to different concentrations of cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn), and subcellular distributions of these metals in algal cells were determined. Parallel experiments were also performed to determine the toxic effects of dissolved metals on ostracod through aqueous exposure. Significant toxic effects on mortality were observed when ostracod were fed with Cd-contaminated (47-100%) and Cu-contaminated algae (55-100%). With increasing accumulated Zn in the algal cell, ostracod mortality also increased (20-83%). Aquatic exposure of ostracod to different concentrations of dissolved Cd (3.2-339 µg Cd/L) and Cu (260-2600 µg Cu/L) resulted in high observed mortalities (57-100% and 95-100%, respectively). Based on the results of aqueous and dietary exposure tests, it can be concluded that both exposure routes are important in evaluating the toxic effect of Cd on ostracod. Similar results were observed in tests using other metals (i.e., using Cu and Zn), thus emphasizing the importance of considering not only aquatic but also dietary exposure routes when evaluating metal toxicity to ostracod.
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2925
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Garrido-Rodriguez B, Cutillas-Barreiro L, Fernández-Calviño D, Arias-Estévez M, Fernández-Sanjurjo MJ, Álvarez-Rodríguez E, Núñez-Delgado A. Competitive adsorption and transport of Cd, Cu, Ni and Zn in a mine soil amended with mussel shell. Chemosphere 2014; 107:379-385. [PMID: 24468110 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.12.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2013] [Revised: 12/16/2013] [Accepted: 12/28/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Batch type and column experiments were used to study competitive adsorption-desorption and transport for Cd, Cu, Ni and Zn in a mine soil, both un-amended and amended with mussel shell. Batch type experiments showed that adsorption was affected by the added concentration of the metals, generally following the sequence Cu>Zn>Cd≈Ni. Metal desorbed was a function of the dose of metal added, as well as of the dose of shell amendment, being relevant that even when the highest dose of metal (2300 μM) was added, the 24 g kg(-1) shell amendment caused a drastic diminution in the amount of metal desorbed. Column experiments showed that even the lowest dose of the shell amendment (6 g kg(-1)) caused a strong retention of the 4 heavy metals assayed, whereas using the 24 g kg(-1) shell amendment no metal was detected in the effluent during the time of the experiment. The mass of metal retained in the un-amended soil was very different for the various metals assayed, but the amendment with 6 g kg(-1) shell increased this retention in all cases, and the 24 g kg(-1) amendment caused almost 100% retention for all 4 metals. The retardation factor (R) suffered an overall increase as a function of the shell dose; the profile distribution of the 4 heavy metals was homogeneous through the un-amended soil into the column, but the shell amendment clearly decreased the solute transport affecting these metals, causing its concentration in the first centimeters of the soil profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Garrido-Rodriguez
- Area de Edafoloxía e Química Agrícola, Departamento de Bioloxía Vexetal e Ciencia do Solo, Univ. Vigo, Facultade de Ciencias, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Laura Cutillas-Barreiro
- Area de Edafoloxía e Química Agrícola, Departamento de Bioloxía Vexetal e Ciencia do Solo, Univ. Vigo, Facultade de Ciencias, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - David Fernández-Calviño
- Area de Edafoloxía e Química Agrícola, Departamento de Bioloxía Vexetal e Ciencia do Solo, Univ. Vigo, Facultade de Ciencias, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Manuel Arias-Estévez
- Area de Edafoloxía e Química Agrícola, Departamento de Bioloxía Vexetal e Ciencia do Solo, Univ. Vigo, Facultade de Ciencias, 32004 Ourense, Spain.
| | - María J Fernández-Sanjurjo
- Departamento de Edafoloxía e Química Agrícola, Univ. Santiago de Compostela, Escola Politécnica Superior, Campus Univ. s/n, 27002 Lugo, Spain
| | - Esperanza Álvarez-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Edafoloxía e Química Agrícola, Univ. Santiago de Compostela, Escola Politécnica Superior, Campus Univ. s/n, 27002 Lugo, Spain
| | - Avelino Núñez-Delgado
- Departamento de Edafoloxía e Química Agrícola, Univ. Santiago de Compostela, Escola Politécnica Superior, Campus Univ. s/n, 27002 Lugo, Spain
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2926
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Wang J, Li Q, Li MM, Chen TH, Zhou YF, Yue ZB. Competitive adsorption of heavy metal by extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) extracted from sulfate reducing bacteria. Bioresour Technol 2014; 163:374-6. [PMID: 24841491 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.04.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Revised: 04/12/2014] [Accepted: 04/21/2014] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Competitive adsorption of heavy metals by extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) extracted from Desulfovibrio desulfuricans was investigated. Chemical analysis showed that different EPS compositions had different capacities for the adsorption of heavy metals which was investigated using Cu(2+) and Zn(2+). Batch adsorption tests indicated that EPS had a higher combined ability with Zn(2+) than Cu(2+). This was confirmed and explained by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and excitation-emission matrix (EEM) spectroscopy analysis. FTIR analysis showed that both polysaccharides and protein combined with Zn(2+) while only protein combined with Cu(2+). EEM spectra further revealed that tryptophan-like substances were the main compositions reacted with the heavy metals. Moreover, Zn(2+) had a higher fluorescence quenching ability than Cu(2+).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China
| | - Qing Li
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China
| | - Ming-Ming Li
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China
| | - Tian-Hu Chen
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China
| | - Yue-Fei Zhou
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China
| | - Zheng-Bo Yue
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China.
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2927
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Gu YG, Li QS, Fang JH, He BY, Fu HB, Tong ZJ. Identification of heavy metal sources in the reclaimed farmland soils of the pearl river estuary in China using a multivariate geostatistical approach. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2014; 105:7-12. [PMID: 24780227 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Revised: 03/29/2014] [Accepted: 04/02/2014] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals in the reclaimed farmland soils of the Pearl River Estuary in China have attracted much attention because of the health risk posed to local residents. The identification of heavy metal sources in these soils is necessary to reduce their health risk. Reclaimed farmland soil samples were collected from 144 sites in the Pearl River Estuary and the contents of heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Cr, Ni, Cu, and Zn) were determined. All these heavy metals showed concentrations substantially higher than their background values, indicating possible anthropogenic pollution. The results of a multivariate geostatistical method demonstrate that grouped Cd, Cr, and Cu were mainly controlled by chemical fertilizers. Grouped Pb and Zn were the most severely impacted by atmospheric deposition from Guangzhou and Foshan, and Ni was primarily impacted by electroplating factories' wastewater discharge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Guang Gu
- South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China; Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510300, China; Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, China
| | - Qu Sheng Li
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Key Laboratory of Water/Soil Toxic Pollutants Control and Bioremediation, Department of Education of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Jian Hong Fang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Meizhou Environmental Protection Bureau, Meizhou 514021, China
| | - Bao Yan He
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Key Laboratory of Water/Soil Toxic Pollutants Control and Bioremediation, Department of Education of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Hong Bo Fu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Key Laboratory of Water/Soil Toxic Pollutants Control and Bioremediation, Department of Education of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Ze Jun Tong
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Key Laboratory of Water/Soil Toxic Pollutants Control and Bioremediation, Department of Education of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510632, China
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2928
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Barenys M, Boix N, Farran-Codina A, Palma-Linares I, Montserrat R, Curto A, Gomez-Catalan J, Ortiz P, Deza N, Llobet JM. Heavy metal and metalloids intake risk assessment in the diet of a rural population living near a gold mine in the Peruvian Andes (Cajamarca). Food Chem Toxicol 2014; 71:254-63. [PMID: 24994564 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2014.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Revised: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 06/21/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluates the diet composition of a rural population near a gold mine in the Cajamarca district of Peru. The main consumed items by this population were tubers and cereals, and the mean energy intake (1990 kcal) was shown not to cover the recommended intake values for the male population. The concentrations of As, Cd, Hg, Pb, Zn, Al, Cr and, Cu in drinking water and food samples of items contributing to 91% of this diet (145 samples, 24 different items) were determined and used to calculate their daily intakes for risk assessment. The As, Cd and Pb daily intakes exceeded the limit values established by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), entailing serious concerns for the population's health. Moreover, the intake values of As and Pb were shown to be higher, the closer to the gold mine the studied population was.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Barenys
- GRET-CERETOX and Toxicology Unit, Public Health Department, School of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Auf'm Hennekamp 50, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nuria Boix
- GRET-CERETOX and Toxicology Unit, Public Health Department, School of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; INSA-UB, Public Health Department, School of Pharmacy and Food and Nutrition Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, Prat de la Riba, 171, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andreu Farran-Codina
- Nutrition and Food Science Department, School of Pharmacy, Food and Nutrition Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, Av. Prat de la Riba 171, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
| | - Imma Palma-Linares
- Nutrition and Food Science Department, School of Pharmacy, Food and Nutrition Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, Av. Prat de la Riba 171, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
| | - Roser Montserrat
- Nutrition and Food Science Department, School of Pharmacy, Food and Nutrition Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, Av. Prat de la Riba 171, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
| | - Ariadna Curto
- GRET-CERETOX and Toxicology Unit, Public Health Department, School of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jesus Gomez-Catalan
- GRET-CERETOX and Toxicology Unit, Public Health Department, School of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; INSA-UB, Public Health Department, School of Pharmacy and Food and Nutrition Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, Prat de la Riba, 171, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pedro Ortiz
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de Cajamarca, Carretera Baños del Inca km 3.5, Cajamarca, Peru
| | - Nilton Deza
- Escuela de Postgrado, Universidad Nacional de Cajamarca, Carretera Baños del Inca km 3.5, Cajamarca, Peru
| | - Juan M Llobet
- GRET-CERETOX and Toxicology Unit, Public Health Department, School of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; INSA-UB, Public Health Department, School of Pharmacy and Food and Nutrition Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, Prat de la Riba, 171, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Barcelona, Spain.
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2929
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Park W, Feng Y, Ahn SJ. Alteration of leaf shape, improved metal tolerance, and productivity of seed by overexpression of CsHMA3 in Camelina sativa. Biotechnol Biofuels 2014; 7:96. [PMID: 25018780 PMCID: PMC4094532 DOI: 10.1186/1754-6834-7-96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2014] [Accepted: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz, known by such popular names as "gold-of-pleasure" and "false flax," is an alternative oilseed crop for biofuel production and can be grown in harsh environments. Considerable interest is now being given to the new concept of the development of a fusion plant which can be used as a soil remediation plant for ground contaminated by heavy metals as well as a bioenergy crop. However, knowledge of the transport processes for heavy metals across Camelina plant membranes is still rudimentary. RESULTS Firstly, to investigate whether Camelina HMA (heavy metal P1B-ATPase) genes could be used in such a plant, we analyzed the expression patterns of eight HMA genes in Camelina (taken from the root, leaf, stem, flower, and silique). CsHMA3 genes were expressed in all organs. In addition, CsHMA3 was induced in roots and leaves especially after Pb treatment. Heterogeneous expression of CsHMA3 complemented the Pb- or Zn-sensitive phenotype of Δycf1 or Δzrc1 yeast mutant strains. Subsequently, we cloned and overexpressed CsHMA3 in Camelina. The root growth of transgenic lines was better than that in the wild-type plant under heavy metal stress (for Cd, Pb, and Zn). In particular, the transgenic lines showed enhanced Pb tolerance in a wide range of Pb concentrations. Furthermore, the Pb and Zn content in the shoots of the transgenic lines were higher than those in the wild-type plant. These results suggest that overexpression of CsHMA3 might enhance Pb and Zn tolerance and translocation. Also, the transgenic lines displayed a wider leaf shape compared with the wild-type plant due to an induction of genes related to leaf width growth and showed a greater total seed yield compared to the wild type under heavy metal stress. CONCLUSIONS Our data obtained from physiological and functional analyses using CsHMA3 overexpression plants will be useful to develop a multifunctional plant that can improve the productivity of a bioenergy crop and simultaneously be used to purify an area contaminated by various heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Park
- Bioenergy Research Center, Department of Bioenergy Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yufeng Feng
- Bioenergy Research Center, Department of Bioenergy Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Ju Ahn
- Bioenergy Research Center, Department of Bioenergy Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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2930
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Zhou R, Qin X, Peng S, Deng S. Total petroleum hydrocarbons and heavy metals in the surface sediments of Bohai Bay, China: long-term variations in pollution status and adverse biological risk. Mar Pollut Bull 2014; 83:290-297. [PMID: 24837025 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2013] [Revised: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 03/01/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Surface sediments collected from 2001 to 2011 were analyzed for total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) and five heavy metals. The sediment concentration ranges of TPH, Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd and Hg were 6.3-535 μg/g, 58-332 μg/g, 7.2-63 μg/g, 4.3-138 μg/g, 0-0.98μg/g, and 0.10-0.68 μg/g, respectively. These results met the highest marine sediment quality standards in China, indicating that the sediment was fairly clean. However, based on the effects range-median (ERM) quotient method, the calculated values for all of the sampling sites were higher than 0.10, suggesting that there was a potential adverse biological risk in Bohai Bay. According to the calculated results, the biological risk decreased from 2001 to 2007 and increased afterwards. High-risk sites were mainly distributed along the coast. This study suggests that anthropogenic influences might be responsible for the potential risk of adverse biological effects from TPH and heavy metals in Bohai Bay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Zhou
- College of Resource and Environment, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Tianjin Research Institute for Water Transport Engineering, Tianjin 300456, China
| | - Xuebo Qin
- Tianjin Research Institute for Water Transport Engineering, Tianjin 300456, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Shitao Peng
- Tianjin Research Institute for Water Transport Engineering, Tianjin 300456, China
| | - Shihuai Deng
- College of Resource and Environment, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
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2931
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Qambrani NA, Shin BS, Cho JS, Oh SE. Assessment of chromium-contaminated groundwater using a thiosulfate-oxidizing bacteria (TOB) biosensor. Chemosphere 2014; 104:32-36. [PMID: 24275152 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2013] [Revised: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 10/11/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The effect of Cr(6+)-contaminated groundwater was assessed using thiosulfate-oxidizing bacteria (TOB). Electrical conductivity (EC), pH, and sulfate production were determined based on thiosulfate oxidation. Final pH values in the different test treatments of Cr(6+)-contaminated groundwater (50-1000 μg Cr(6+)L(-1)) ranged from 2.02 ± 0.09 to 7.76 ± 0.07 and EC ranged from 5.95 ± 0.03 to 3.63 ± 0.03 mS cm(-1). Inhibition of TOB due to Cr(6+) was between 16.7% and 100%, with higher levels of inhibition occurring at higher Cr(6+) concentrations. The median effective concentration (EC50) was 78.96 μg Cr(6+)L(-1). These data demonstrate that TOB can detect less than 100 μg L(-1) of Cr(6+) in the groundwater and can be used as an effective bioassay for toxicity assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveed Ahmed Qambrani
- Department of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University, Gangwon-do, Chuncheon-si, South Korea
| | - Beom-Soo Shin
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Kangwon National University, Gangwon-do Chuncheon-si, South Korea
| | - Ju-Sik Cho
- Department of Bio-environmental Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 540-950, Korea.
| | - Sang-Eun Oh
- Department of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University, Gangwon-do, Chuncheon-si, South Korea.
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2932
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Wei Y, Zhang J, Zhang D, Tu T, Luo L. Metal concentrations in various fish organs of different fish species from Poyang Lake, China. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2014; 104:182-188. [PMID: 24681447 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2013] [Revised: 01/29/2014] [Accepted: 03/01/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Concentrations of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn in the muscle of eleven fish species (bighead carp, bream, catfish, carp, crucian, Culter alburnus, grass carp, mandarin fish, white semiknife carp, silver carp, and yellow catfish) from Poyang Lake were analysed using inductive coupling plasma mass spectrometry. Metal levels in other organs (e.g., bladder, gill, kidney, liver, and spleen) of bighead carp, carp, grass carp, and silver carp were also determined. The results showed that metal concentrations in the muscle of all fish species were significantly lower than the proposed limits. Heavy metal concentrations were found to be substantially higher in benthic fish than in pelagic fish. Higher Hg contents were observed in predatory fish. In addition, various metals showed different affinity to fish organs. Hg was the most abundant in muscle, while Ni and Pb concentrations were highest in gills, Cd and Zn concentrations were highest in kidneys, and Cu was most commonly found in livers. Estimations of health risks revealed no evidence of potential threats to consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- YiHua Wei
- Institute for Quality & Safety and Standards of Agricultural Products Research, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang 330200, PR China
| | - JinYan Zhang
- Institute for Quality & Safety and Standards of Agricultural Products Research, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang 330200, PR China
| | - DaWen Zhang
- Institute for Quality & Safety and Standards of Agricultural Products Research, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang 330200, PR China
| | - TianHua Tu
- Institute for Quality & Safety and Standards of Agricultural Products Research, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang 330200, PR China
| | - LinGuang Luo
- Institute for Quality & Safety and Standards of Agricultural Products Research, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang 330200, PR China.
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2933
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Devi P, Saroha AK. Risk analysis of pyrolyzed biochar made from paper mill effluent treatment plant sludge for bioavailability and eco-toxicity of heavy metals. Bioresour Technol 2014; 162:308-315. [PMID: 24762760 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.03.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2014] [Revised: 03/13/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The risk analysis was performed to study the bioavailability and eco-toxicity of heavy metals in biochar obtained from pyrolysis of sludge of pulp and paper mill effluent treatment plant. The sludge was pyrolyzed at different temperatures (200-700°C) and the resultant biochar were analyzed for fractionation of heavy metals by sequential extraction procedure. It was observed that all the heavy metals get enriched in biochar matrix after pyrolysis, but the bioavailability and eco-toxicity of the heavy metals in biochar were significantly reduced as the mobile and bioavailable heavy metal fractions were transformed into the relatively stable fractions. Moreover, it was observed that the leaching potential of heavy metals decreased after pyrolysis and the best results were obtained for biochar pyrolyzed at 700°C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parmila Devi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Anil K Saroha
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India.
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2934
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Wu Q, Tam NFY, Leung JYS, Zhou X, Fu J, Yao B, Huang X, Xia L. Ecological risk and pollution history of heavy metals in Nansha mangrove, South China. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2014; 104:143-151. [PMID: 24675443 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Revised: 01/26/2014] [Accepted: 02/20/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Owing to the Industrial Revolution in the late 1970s, heavy metal pollution has been regarded as a serious threat to mangrove ecosystems in the region of the Pearl River Estuary, potentially affecting human health. The present study attempted to characterize the ecological risk of heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn) in Nansha mangrove, South China, by estimating their concentrations in the surface sediment. In addition, the pollution history of heavy metals was examined by determining the concentrations of heavy metals along the depth gradient. The phytoremediation potential of heavy metals by the dominant plants in Nansha mangrove, namely Sonneratia apetala and Cyperus malaccensis, was also studied. Results found that the surface sediment was severely contaminated with heavy metals, probably due to the discharge of industrial sewage into the Pearl River Estuary. Spatial variation of heavy metals was generally unobvious. The ecological risk of heavy metals was very high, largely due to Cd contamination. All heavy metals, except Mn, decreased with depth, indicating that heavy metal pollution has been deteriorating since 1979. Worse still, the dominant plants in Nansha mangrove had limited capability to remove the heavy metals from sediment. Therefore, we propose that immediate actions, such as regulation of discharge standards of industrial sewage, should be taken by the authorities concerned to mitigate the ecological risk posed by heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihang Wu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Water Quality Safety and Protection in Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Nora F Y Tam
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jonathan Y S Leung
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xizhen Zhou
- School of Geographical Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jie Fu
- Department of Civil Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, United States
| | - Bo Yao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xuexia Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lihua Xia
- School of Geographical Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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2935
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Luo L, Ke C, Guo X, Shi B, Huang M. Metal accumulation and differentially expressed proteins in gill of oyster (Crassostrea hongkongensis) exposed to long-term heavy metal-contaminated estuary. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2014; 38:318-329. [PMID: 24698996 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2014.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2012] [Revised: 02/23/2014] [Accepted: 03/07/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Bio-accumulation and bio-transmission of toxic metals and the toxicological responses of organisms exposed to toxic metals have been focused, due to heavy metal contaminations have critically threatened the ecosystem and food security. However, still few investigations focused on the responses of certain organisms exposed to the long term and severe heavy metal contamination in specific environments. In present investigation, the Hong Kong oyster, Crassostrea hongkongensis were obtained from 3 sites which were contaminated by different concentrations of heavy metals (such as zinc, copper, manganese and lead etc.), respectively. Heavy metal concentrations in the sea water samples collected from the 3 sites and the dissected tissues of the oysters with blue visceral mass were determinated to estimate the metal contamination levels in environments and the bio-accumulation ratios of the heavy metals in the different tissues of oysters. Moreover, Proteomic methods were employed to analyze the differentially expressed proteins in the gills of oysters exposed to long-term heavy metal contaminations. Results indicated that the Jiulong River estuary has been severely contaminated by Cu, Zn and slightly with Cr, Ni, Mn, etc, moreover, Zn and Cu were the major metals accumulated by oysters to phenomenally high concentrations (more than 3.0% of Zn and about 2.0% of Cu against what the dry weight of tissues were accumulated), and Cr, Ni, Mn, etc were also significantly accumulated. The differentially expressed proteins in the gills of oysters exposed to heavy metals participate in several cell processes, such as metal binding, transporting and saving, oxidative-reduction balance maintaining, stress response, signal transduction, etc. Significantly up-regulated expression (about 10 folds) of an important metal binding protein, metallothionein (MT) and granular cells was observed in the gills of oysters exposed to long-term and severely heavy-metal-contaminated estuary, it suggested that binding toxic metals with metallothionein-like proteins (MTLP) and storing toxic metals in metal-rich granules (MRG) with insoluble forms were the important strategies of oyster to detoxify the toxic metals and adapt to the high level of metal-contaminated environment. Most of the stress and immunity responsive proteins, such as heat shock proteins (HSP), extracellular superoxide dismutase (ECSOD) and cavortin, and the cellular redox reaction relative proteins such as 20G-Fe (II) oxygenase family oxidoreductase, aldehyde dehydrogenase and retinal dehydrogenase 2, were detected significantly down-regulated in the gills of oysters exposed to long term heavy metal contaminated environments, it indicated that long term exposure different from emergent exposure to heavy metal contamination may significantly suppress the stress and immunity response system of oysters. Moreover, Formin homology 2 domain containing protein (FH2). The only protein domain to directly nucleate actin monomers into unbranched filament polymers, by which will subsequently control gene expression and chromatin remodelling complexes, was also detected greatly up-regulated in the gills of oysters exposed to long-term heavy metal contaminations. It indicated that nuclear activity regulation may also be important for oyster to adapt to the long-term heavy-metal-contaminated environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianzhong Luo
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361008, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Caihuan Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China; College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China.
| | - Xiaoyu Guo
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Bo Shi
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Miaoqin Huang
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
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2936
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Chen Z, Ai Y, Fang C, Wang K, Li W, Liu S, Li C, Xiao J, Huang Z. Distribution and phytoavailability of heavy metal chemical fractions in artificial soil on rock cut slopes alongside railways. J Hazard Mater 2014; 273:165-73. [PMID: 24727018 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2013] [Revised: 03/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/21/2014] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Artificial soil is often sprayed onto cut slopes alongside railroad tracks to promote revegetation. This study evaluated the heavy metal content and the distribution of heavy metal chemical fractions in the soil, as well as the uptake of heavy metals by plants. The soil at four sites was determined to be considerably contaminated with Cd and Pb. The concentrations of Cd and Pb increased with the length of time the railway had been in use and decreased further away from the railway tracks. Pb primarily existed in reducible form but as residual fractions, whereas Cd was predominantly in exchangeable form. A correlation analysis indicated that pH, organic matter, and total phosphorus levels were important factors affecting the distribution of the heavy metal chemical fractions. The amounts of exchangeable Pb and Cd in the soil were highly correlated with their amounts in the plants sampled, indicating that the exchangeable fraction is a better indication of heavy metal phytoavailability than the total amount of heavy metals in the soil. Bioaccumulation and translocation factors indicated that Indigofera amblyantha had moderate tolerance and bioaccumulation capability for Pb, as did Leucaena leucocephala for Cd. These two plant species can serve as ideal slope remediation plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoqiong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, PR China; Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yingwei Ai
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, PR China.
| | - Chen Fang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Kexiu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Wei Li
- Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, CAS, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Shui Liu
- Shenzhen Tiehan Ecological Environment Limited Liability Company, Shenzhen 518040, PR China
| | - Chunlin Li
- Qingdao Guanzhong Ecological Limited Liability Company, Qingdao 266102, PR China
| | - Jingyao Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Zhiyu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, PR China
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2937
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Long YY, Feng YJ, Cai SS, Hu LF, Shen DS. Reduction of heavy metals in residues from the dismantling of waste electrical and electronic equipment before incineration. J Hazard Mater 2014; 272:59-65. [PMID: 24681442 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.02.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2013] [Revised: 02/09/2014] [Accepted: 02/27/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Residues disposal from the dismantling of waste electrical and electronic equipment are challenging because of the large waste volumes, degradation-resistance, low density and high heavy metal content. Incineration is advantageous for treating these residues but high heavy metal contents may exist in incinerator input and output streams. We have developed and studied a specialized heavy metal reduction process, which includes sieving and washing for treating residues before incineration. The preferable screen aperture for sieving was found to be 2.36mm (8 meshes) in this study; using this screen aperture resulted in the removal of approximately 47.2% Cu, 65.9% Zn, 26.5% Pb, 55.4% Ni and 58.8% Cd from the residues. Subsequent washing further reduces the heavy metal content in the residues larger than 2.36mm, with preferable conditions being 400rpm rotation speed, 5min washing duration and liquid-to-solid ratio of 25:1. The highest cumulative removal efficiencies of Cu, Zn, Pb, Ni and Cd after sieving and washing reached 81.1%, 61.4%, 75.8%, 97.2% and 72.7%, respectively. The combined sieving and washing process is environmentally friendly, can be used for the removal of heavy metals from the residues and has benefits in terms of heavy metal recycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Yang Long
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Yi-Jian Feng
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Si-Shi Cai
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Li-Fang Hu
- College of Quality and Safety Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Dong-Sheng Shen
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China.
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2938
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Liu ZS, Li WK, Huang CY. Synthesis of mesoporous silica materials from municipal solid waste incinerator bottom ash. Waste Manag 2014; 34:893-900. [PMID: 24656468 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2014.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2013] [Revised: 01/26/2014] [Accepted: 02/04/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Incinerator bottom ash contains a large amount of silica and can hence be used as a silica source for the synthesis of mesoporous silica materials. In this study, the conditions for alkaline fusion to extract silica from incinerator bottom ash were investigated, and the resulting supernatant solution was used as the silica source for synthesizing mesoporous silica materials. The physical and chemical characteristics of the mesoporous silica materials were analyzed using BET, XRD, FTIR, SEM, and solid-state NMR. The results indicated that the BET surface area and pore size distribution of the synthesized silica materials were 992 m2/g and 2-3.8 nm, respectively. The XRD patterns showed that the synthesized materials exhibited a hexagonal pore structure with a smaller order. The NMR spectra of the synthesized materials exhibited three peaks, corresponding to Q(2) [Si(OSi)2(OH)2], Q(3) [Si(OSi)3(OH)], and Q(4) [Si(OSi)4]. The FTIR spectra confirmed the existence of a surface hydroxyl group and the occurrence of symmetric Si-O stretching. Thus, mesoporous silica was successfully synthesized from incinerator bottom ash. Finally, the effectiveness of the synthesized silica in removing heavy metals (Pb2+, Cu2+, Cd2+, and Cr2+) from aqueous solutions was also determined. The results showed that the silica materials synthesized from incinerator bottom ash have potential for use as an adsorbent for the removal of heavy metals from aqueous solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Shu Liu
- Department of Safety, Health and Environmental Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, Taishan District, New Taipei City 24301, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Wen-Kai Li
- Department of Safety, Health and Environmental Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, Taishan District, New Taipei City 24301, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chun-Yi Huang
- Department of Safety, Health and Environmental Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, Taishan District, New Taipei City 24301, Taiwan, ROC
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2939
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Chen YL, Hong XQ, He H, Luo HW, Qian TT, Li RZ, Jiang H, Yu HQ. Biosorption of Cr (VI) by Typha angustifolia: mechanism and responses to heavy metal stress. Bioresour Technol 2014; 160:89-92. [PMID: 24485750 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Revised: 01/03/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In this study, Typha angustifolia was proven to have an excellent accumulation ability in high concentrations of wastewater solutions having Cr (VI) concentrations up to 30 mg L(-1) for 20 days (74% of removal efficiency). Synchrotron microfocus micro X-ray fluorescence (μ-XRF) mapping showed that the uptaken Cr was mainly enriched in the outer layer of the roots and a small portion of it was uniformly distributed in the fronds. The total proteins, soluble sugars, and malondialdehyde in T. angustifolia increased when the concentration of Cr (VI) increased from 9 to 30 mg L(-1). Transmission electron microscope (TEM) assay showed that no lignifications were observed when Cr was absorbed by T. angustifolia. It was concluded that T. angustifolia can uptake Cr by means of surface layer absorption and transportation, and alleviate stresses associated with the sorption of Cr (VI) by thickening of cell walls or secretion of chemical substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Li Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China
| | - Xiao-Qing Hong
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, PR China
| | - Hui He
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China
| | - Hong-Wei Luo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China
| | - Ting-Ting Qian
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China
| | - Ru-Zhong Li
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, PR China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China.
| | - Han-Qing Yu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China; School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, PR China
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2940
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Liu X, Lee DJ. Thermodynamic parameters for adsorption equilibrium of heavy metals and dyes from wastewaters. Bioresour Technol 2014; 160:24-31. [PMID: 24461254 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.12.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Revised: 12/09/2013] [Accepted: 12/12/2013] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
This meta-analysis evaluates adsorption studies that report thermodynamic parameters for heavy metals and dyes from wastewaters. The adsorbents were derived from agricultural waste, industrial wastes, inorganic particulates, or some natural products. The adsorption mechanisms, derivation of thermodynamic relationships, and possible flaws made in such evaluation are discussed. This analysis shows that conclusions from the examined standard enthalpy and entropy changes are highly contestable. The reason for this flaw may be the poor physical structure of adsorbents tested, such that pore transport controlled the solute flux, leaving a surface reaction process near equilibrium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Liu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Duu-Jong Lee
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
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2941
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Abdolali A, Ngo HH, Guo WS, Lee DJ, Tung KL, Wang XC. Development and evaluation of a new multi-metal binding biosorbent. Bioresour Technol 2014; 160:98-106. [PMID: 24405652 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.12.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2013] [Revised: 12/06/2013] [Accepted: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A novel multi-metal binding biosorbent (MMBB) was developed by combining a group of three from the selective natural lignocellulosic agro-industrial wastes for effectively eliminating lead, cadmium, copper and zinc from aqueous solutions. Four MMBBs with different combinations (MMBB1: tea waste, corncob, sugarcane bagasse; MMBB2: tea waste, corncob and sawdust; MMBB3: tea waste, corncob and apple peel; MMBB4: tea waste, corncob and grape stalk) were evaluated. FTIR analysis for characterizing the MMBB2 explored that the MMBB2 contains more functional groups available for multi-metals binding. Comparing among the MMBBs as well as the single group biosorbents, MMBB2 was the best biosorbent with the maximum biosorption capacities of 41.48, 39.48, 94.00 and 27.23 mg/g for Cd(II), Cu(II), Pb(II) and Zn(II), respectively. After 5 times of desorption with CaCl2, CH3COOH and NaCl as eluent, the MMBB2 still remained excellent biosorptive capacity, so as it could be well regenerated for reuse and possible recovery of metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Abdolali
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - H H Ngo
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia.
| | - W S Guo
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - D J Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - K L Tung
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - X C Wang
- Key Lab of Northwest Water Resources, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
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2942
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Pathak M, Devi A, Sarma HK, Lal B. Application of bioflocculating property of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain IASST201 in treatment of oil-field formation water. J Basic Microbiol 2014; 54:658-69. [PMID: 24740803 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201301011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Accepted: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A bioflocculating activity of 89.8% was depicted by an activated sludge-borne bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain IASST201 with a yield of bioflocculant of 2.68 g L(-1) obtained from production media broth after optimization of different parameters. The highest bioflocculation efficiency was found at the pre-stationary phase of the bacterial growth period in the production media broth at 96th hour examined from a growth-flocculation kinetics study. 85.67% of bioflocculation was observed in oil-field formation water, with a separation of 68.7% of aliphatic hydrocarbon contents of the formation water after the application of the bacterial bioflocculant by entrapment mechanism with formation of flocs which was analyzed and examined comparatively through gas-chromatography. Extensive removal of heavy metal contents of the oil-field formation water due to bioflocculation was estimated by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The SEM and AFM studies declare the extracellular polymeric nature of the bioflocculant produced by this bacterium clumped within bacterial biofilm supported with FTIR study of the extracted bioflocculant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihirjyoti Pathak
- Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, Resource Management and Environment Section, Life Science Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology, Guwahati, Assam, India
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2943
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Aydın AA, Aydın A. Development of an immobilization process for heavy metal containing galvanic solid wastes by use of sodium silicate and sodium tetraborate. J Hazard Mater 2014; 270:35-44. [PMID: 24530878 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2013] [Revised: 12/11/2013] [Accepted: 12/14/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal containing sludges from wastewater treatment plants of electroplating industries are designated as hazardous waste since their improper disposal pose high risks to environment. In this research, heavy metal containing sludges of electroplating industries in an organized industrial zone of Istanbul/Turkey were used as real-sample model for development of an immobilization process with sodium tetraborate and sodium silicate as additives. The washed sludges have been precalcined in a rotary furnace at 900°C and fritted at three different temperatures of 850°C, 900°C and 950°C. The amounts of additives were adjusted to provide different acidic and basic oxide ratios in the precalcined sludge-additive mixtures. Leaching tests were conducted according to the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure Method 1311 of US-EPA. X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive spectrometer (SEM-EDS) and flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS) have been used to determine the physical and chemical changes in the products. Calculated oxide molar ratios in the precalcined sludge-additive mixtures and their leaching results have been used to optimize the stabilization process and to determine the intervals of the required oxide ratios which provide end-products resistant to leaching procedure of US-EPA. The developed immobilization-process provides lower energy consumption than sintering-vitrification processes of glass-ceramics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Alper Aydın
- Chair of Urban Water Systems Engineering, Technische Universität München, Am Coulombwall, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Adnan Aydın
- Istanbul Bilim University, School of Health, Esentepe, Istanbul, Sisli, 34394, Turkey
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2944
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Vazzana M, Celi M, Tramati C, Ferrantelli V, Arizza V, Parrinello N. In vitro effect of cadmium and copper on separated blood leukocytes of Dicentrarchus labrax. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2014; 102:113-120. [PMID: 24530726 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2013] [Revised: 01/10/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The immunotoxic effects of heavy metals on blood leukocytes of sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) were examined. The cells, separated by a discontinuous Percoll-gradients, were exposed in vitro to various sublethal concentrations of cadmium and copper (10(-7)M, 10(-5)M, and 10(-3)M) and their immunotoxic effect was then evaluated by measuring neutral red uptake, MTT assay, DNA fragmentation and Hsp70 gene expression. First of all, we demonstrated that the cells treated in vitro could incorporate Cd and Cu. A relationship between heavy metal exposure and dose-time-dependent alterations in responses of leukocytes from blood was found for both metals, but copper was more immunotoxic than cadmium in all assays performed. A significant reduction in the cells׳ ability to uptake neutral red and viability by MTT assay was recorded, indicating that both cadmium and copper could change the membrane permeability, inducing cellular apoptosis when the concentration of metals reached 10(-3)M. The apoptotic effect may also explain the high level of cytotoxicity found when the leukocytes were exposed to higher concentration of metals. These results demonstrated that toxic effect of copper and cadmium affect on the mechanisms of cell-mediated immunity reducing the immune defences of the organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirella Vazzana
- Dipartimento STEBICEF, Università degli Studi di Palermo,Via Archirafi 18, Palermo, Italy
| | - Monica Celi
- Dipartimento STEBICEF, Università degli Studi di Palermo,Via Archirafi 18, Palermo, Italy
| | - Cecilia Tramati
- Dipartimento DISTEM, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi 18, Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Vincenzo Arizza
- Dipartimento STEBICEF, Università degli Studi di Palermo,Via Archirafi 18, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Nicolò Parrinello
- Dipartimento STEBICEF, Università degli Studi di Palermo,Via Archirafi 18, Palermo, Italy
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2945
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PIRSAHEB M, ZINATIZADEH A, KHOSRAVI T, ATAFAR Z, DEZFULINEZHAD S. Natural airborne dust and heavy metals: a case study for kermanshah, Western iran (2005-2011). Iran J Public Health 2014; 43:460-70. [PMID: 26005656 PMCID: PMC4433727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2013] [Accepted: 02/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dust pollution has become a serious environmental problem especially in recent decades. The present study aim was the investigation of the levels of PM10 concentration in Kermanshah, western Iran and also measured five important heavy metals (Pb, Cd, As, Hg and Cr) in some samples during 2005 to 2011. METHODS A total 2277 samples were collected from air pollution measurement station belonging to the Department of Environment in Kermanshah. Furthermore, four samples were collected during dusty days to determine the selected heavy metals concentration. The samples were analyzed statistically using the SPSS Ver.16. RESULTS The highest seasonal average concentration in spring was recorded in 2008 with 216.63μg/m(3), and the maximum values of 267.79 and 249.09μg/m(3) were observed in summer and winter in 2009, respectively. The maximum concentration of 127.1μg/m(3) was in autumn in 2010. The metals concentration (Pb, Cd, As, Hg and Cr) of samples were 42.32±5.40, 37.45±9.29, 3.51±2.07, 1.88±1.64 and 0μg/g in July, 2009, respectively. CONCLUSION According to National Ambient Air Quality of USEPA guidelines, the most days with non-standard, warning, emergency and critical conditions were related to 2009 (120 days) while the least polluted days were recorded in 2006 (16 days). There are concerns about the increasing frequency and intensity trend of dust storms in recent years as a result of special condition in neighboring Western countries which it could endanger public health and environment. All measured heavy metals except mercury was higher than the standard level of WHO and USEPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghdad PIRSAHEB
- 1. Dept. of Environmental Health Engineering, Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Aliakbar ZINATIZADEH
- 2. Dept. of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Touba KHOSRAVI
- 3. Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Zahra ATAFAR
- 4. Dept. of Environmental Health Engineering, Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- 5. Dept. of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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2946
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Ye J, Chang Y, Yan Y, Xiong J, Xue XM, Yuan D, Sun GX, Zhu YG, Miao W. Identification and characterization of the arsenite methyltransferase from a protozoan, Tetrahymena pyriformis. Aquat Toxicol 2014; 149:50-7. [PMID: 24561426 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2014.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2013] [Revised: 01/29/2014] [Accepted: 01/31/2014] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) methylation in aquatic microbes plays a major role in the biogeochemistry of As. Protozoa, especially the free-living freshwater species, are important players in aquatic ecological health. In this study, an arsenite (As(III)) methyltransferase, TpyArsM, was identified and characterized in a free-living protozoan, Tetrahymena pyriformis. In order to confirm its function, TpyarsM gene was knocked-out in Tetrahymena and was also heterologously expressed in hypersensitive E. coli; these events resulted in expected decreases in As tolerance and methylation ability, respectively. In-vitro tests revealed that purified TpyArsM protein methylated inorganic As to mono- and di- methylarsenate, and also had the novel property of producing trimethylarsenite (TMA(III)) and dimethylarsine (Me2AsH) gases. This new methyltransferase gene, identified in a species near the base of the food web, has enriched our knowledge of As methyltransferases and has great potential for bioremediation of As-contaminated environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ye
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Yue Chang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yu Yan
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jie Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xi-Mei Xue
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Dongxia Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Guo-Xin Sun
- State Key Lab of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Yong-Guan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; State Key Lab of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Wei Miao
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
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2947
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Gao D, Xu Z, Kuang X, Qiao P, Liu S, Zhang L, He P, Jadwiga WS, Wang Y, Min W. Molecular characterization and expression analysis of the autophagic gene beclin 1 from the purse red common carp (Cyprinus carpio) exposed to cadmium. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2014; 160:15-22. [PMID: 24291087 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2013.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2013] [Revised: 10/22/2013] [Accepted: 11/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Beclin 1, the mammalian orthologue of yeast Atg6, has a central role in autophagy, which has been linked to diverse biological processes including immunity, development, tumor suppression, lifespan extension, etc. However, the relevant study about Beclin 1 is rare in fish compared with mammals. In this study, we isolated Beclin 1 gene from the kidney tissue of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) using rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). The deduced amino acid sequence of cloned Beclin 1 comprised 447 amino acids, which showed approximately 80.7% identity and 88.9% similarity to human Beclin 1. It possessed a typical Bcl-2 homology domain 3 (BH3) and an evolutionarily conserved domain (ECD). Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that common carp Beclin 1 formed a clade with zebrafish Beclin 1. To explore the relationship between Beclin 1 and cadmium (Cd)-induced injury, a Cd exposure experiment was conducted. The result showed that Cd content was significantly increased in a dose-dependent manner in kidney after Cd exposure. Swelling and vacuolation of renal tubular epithelial cells, and glomerular hyalinization were observed. Renal leukocyte infiltration was diffusely distributed in the interstitial tissue. Real-time quantitative RT-PCR analysis revealed that the mRNA transcript level of Beclin 1 was markedly up-regulated in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner after exposure to Cd. Similarly, Western blot analysis indicated that its protein level was significantly elevated in a dose-dependent manner after Cd treatment. All the results indicate that the common carp Beclin 1 gene may play a regulatory role against Cd toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dian Gao
- Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, PR China; Institute of Immunotherapy, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, PR China.
| | - Zhen'e Xu
- Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, PR China; Institute of Immunotherapy, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, PR China
| | - Xiaodong Kuang
- Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, PR China
| | - Panpan Qiao
- Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, PR China
| | - Shen Liu
- Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, PR China
| | - Li Zhang
- Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, PR China
| | - Penghui He
- Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, PR China
| | | | - Yannan Wang
- Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, PR China
| | - Weiping Min
- Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, PR China; Institute of Immunotherapy, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, PR China; Jiangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanchang 330006, PR China
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2948
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Chung SG, Ryu JC, Song MK, An B, Kim SB, Lee SH, Choi JW. Modified composites based on mesostructured iron oxyhydroxide and synthetic minerals: a potential material for the treatment of various toxic heavy metals and its toxicity. J Hazard Mater 2014; 267:161-168. [PMID: 24444456 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.12.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2013] [Revised: 12/23/2013] [Accepted: 12/26/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The composites of mesostructured iron oxyhydroxide and/or commercial synthetic zeolite were investigated for use in the removal of toxic heavy metals, such as cadmium, copper, lead and arsenic, from aqueous solution. Four types of adsorbents, dried alginate beads (DABs), synthetic-zeolite impregnated beads (SZIBs), meso-iron-oxyhydroxide impregnated beads (MIOIBs) and synthetic-zeolite/meso-iron-oxyhydroxide composite beads (SZMIOIBs), were prepared for heavy metal adsorption tests. Laboratory experiments were conducted to investigate the removal efficiencies of cations and anions of heavy metals and the possibility of regenerating the adsorbents. Among these adsorbents, the MIOIBs can simultaneously remove cations and anions of heavy metals; they have high adsorption capacities for lead (60.1mgg(-1)) and arsenic (71.9mgg(-1)) compared with other adsorbents, such as DABs (158.1 and 0.0mgg(-1)), SZIB (42.9 and 0.0mgg(-1)) and SZMIOIB (54.0 and 5.9mgg(-1)) for lead and arsenic, respectively. Additionally, the removal efficiency was consistent at approximately 90%, notwithstanding repetitive regeneration. The characteristics of meso-iron-oxyhydroxide powder were confirmed by X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller and transmission electron microscopy. We also performed a comparative toxicity study that indicated that much lower concentrations of the powdered form of mesostructured iron oxyhydroxide had stronger cytotoxicity than the granular form. These results suggest that the granular form of meso iron oxyhydroxide is a more useful and safer adsorbent for heavy metal treatment than the powdered form. This research provides promising results for the application of MIOIBs as an adsorbent for various heavy metals from wastewater and sewage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Gun Chung
- Center for Water Resource Cycle Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarangno 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Chun Ryu
- Center for Integrated Risk Research, Cellular and Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarangno 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Kyung Song
- Center for Integrated Risk Research, Cellular and Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarangno 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Byungryul An
- Center for Water Resource Cycle Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarangno 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Song-Bae Kim
- Environmental Functional Materials & Biocolloids Laboratory, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hyup Lee
- Center for Water Resource Cycle Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarangno 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea; Graduate School of Convergence Green Technology and Policy, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Woo Choi
- Center for Water Resource Cycle Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarangno 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea.
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2949
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Senut MC, Sen A, Cingolani P, Shaik A, Land SJ, Ruden DM. Lead exposure disrupts global DNA methylation in human embryonic stem cells and alters their neuronal differentiation. Toxicol Sci 2014; 139:142-61. [PMID: 24519525 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfu028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to lead (Pb) during childhood can result in learning disabilities and behavioral problems. Although described in animal models, whether Pb exposure also alters neuronal differentiation in the developing brains of exposed children is unknown. Here, we investigated the effects of physiologically relevant concentrations of Pb (from 0.4 to 1.9μM) on the capacity of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) to progress to a neuronal fate. We found that neither acute nor chronic exposure to Pb prevented hESCs from generating neural progenitor cells (NPCs). NPCs derived from hESCs chronically exposed to 1.9μM Pb throughout the neural differentiation process generated 2.5 times more TUJ1-positive neurons than those derived from control hESCs. Pb exposure of hESCs during the stage of neural rosette formation resulted in a significant decrease in the expression levels of the neural marker genes PAX6 and MSI1. Furthermore, the resulting NPCs differentiated into neurons with shorter neurites and less branching than control neurons, as assessed by Sholl analysis. DNA methylation studies of control, acutely treated hESCs and NPCs derived from chronically exposed hESCs using the Illumina HumanMethylation450 BeadChip demonstrated that Pb exposure induced changes in the methylation status of genes involved in neurogenetic signaling pathways. In summary, our study shows that exposure to Pb subtly alters the neuronal differentiation of exposed hESCs and that these changes could be partly mediated by modifications in the DNA methylation status of genes crucial to brain development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Claude Senut
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, C.S. Mott Center for Human Health and Development, Detroit, Michigan 48201
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2950
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Tonietto AE, Lombardi AT, Vieira AAH, Parrish CC, Choueri RB. Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii (Cyanobacteria) exudates: chemical characterization and complexation capacity for Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb. Water Res 2014; 49:381-390. [PMID: 24169513 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2013.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2013] [Revised: 10/05/2013] [Accepted: 10/08/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii is a cosmopolitan and potentially toxic planktonic Cyanobacteria that produces and exudes copious amounts of dissolved organic materials. This organism dominates the eutrophic reservoir Barra Bonita (Brazil), where it normally blooms throughout the year. This investigation focused on the characterization of such exudates analyzing their capacity to complex copper, zinc, lead and cadmium through the determination of ligand concentration (CL) and conditional stability constant (logK'ML), as well as elemental composition (C, H, N and S), the content of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and dissolved organic carbon (DOC). The dissolved organic material was fractionated into 3 molecular weights (>30 kDa; 30-10 kDa; 10-3 kDa) and each fraction was analyzed. The results showed that in the >30 kDa and 30-10 kDa fractions carbohydrates dominate over proteins and lipids. Different CL and logK'ML were obtained for the different molecular weight fractions of the excreted organic materials, suggesting high diversity of ligands. In the >30 kDa, there were more complexing sites (CL) for Cu, but higher affinity (K') for Zn. In the 30-10 kDa fraction, the higher CL was for Cd, but the greatest affinities were for Cu and Zn. In the 10-3 kDa fraction, higher CL was obtained for Cd and Zn, while Cu and Cd had the highest strengths of association. In the environment, such diversity of ligands and strengths of association can result in a displacement of metals weakly bound to the EOM, and increase metal buffering capacity of the environment, supporting higher metal inputs before toxic effects are detected in the biota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Emanuele Tonietto
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, Via Washington Luis km 235, PO Box 676, CEP 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Ana Teresa Lombardi
- Department of Botany, Federal University of São Carlos, Via Washington Luis km 235, PO Box 676, CEP 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Armando Augusto Henriques Vieira
- Department of Botany, Federal University of São Carlos, Via Washington Luis km 235, PO Box 676, CEP 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Christopher C Parrish
- Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Rodrigo Brasil Choueri
- Federal University of São Paulo, Santos Campus, Avenue D. Ana Costa, 95, Vila Mathias, CEP 11060-001 Santos, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Ecotoxicology, University Santa Cecília, Via Oswaldo Cruz, 266, CEP 11045-907 Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
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