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Pereira S, Nogueira L, Canova F, Lopez M, Silva HC. IRAK1 variant is protective for orthodontic-induced external apical root resorption. Oral Dis 2016; 22:658-64. [PMID: 27250598 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Revised: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Interleukin-1 beta (IL1B) pathway is a key player in orthodontic-induced external apical root resorption (EARR). The aim of this work was to identify the genes related to the IL1 pathway as possible candidate genes for EARR, which might be included in an integrative predictive model of this complex phenotype. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using a stepwise multiple linear regression model, 195 patients who had undergone orthodontic treatment were assessed for clinical and genetic factors associated with %EARRmax (maximum %EARR value obtained for each patient). The four maxillary incisors and the two maxillary canines were assessed. Three functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped: rs1143634 in IL1B gene, rs315952 in IL1RN gene, and rs1059703 in X-linked IRAK1 gene. RESULTS The model showed that four of the nine clinical variables and one SNP explained 30% of the %EARRmax variability. The most significant unique contributions to the model were gender (P = 0.001), treatment duration (P < 0.001), premolar extractions (P = 0.003), Hyrax appliance (P < 0.001), and homozygosity/hemizygosity for variant C from IRAK1 gene (P = 0.018), which proved to be a protective factor. CONCLUSION IRAK1 polymorphism is proposed as a protective variant for EARR.
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Amorim A, Gamboa F, Sucena M, Cunha K, Anciães M, Lopes S, Pereira S, Ferreira R, Azevedo P, Costeira J, Monteiro R, da Costa J, Pires S, Nunes C. Recommendations for aetiological diagnosis of bronchiectasis. REVISTA PORTUGUESA DE PNEUMOLOGIA 2016; 22:222-235. [PMID: 27134122 DOI: 10.1016/j.rppnen.2016.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The number of bronchiectasis diagnoses has increased in the last two decades due to several factors. Research carried out over the last years showed that an aetiological diagnosis could change the approach and treatment of a relevant percentage of patients and consequently the prognosis. Currently, systematic investigation into aetiology, particularly of those disorders that can be subject to specific treatment, is recommended. Given the complexity of the aetiological diagnosis, the Pulmonology Portuguese Society Bronchiectasis Study Group assembled a working group which prepared a document to guide and standardize the aetiologic investigation based on available literature and its own expertise. The goal is to facilitate the investigation, rationalize resources and improve the delivery of care, quality of life and prognosis of patients with bronchiectasis.
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Pereira S, Zêzere JL, Quaresma I, Santos PP, Santos M. Mortality Patterns of Hydro-Geomorphologic Disasters. RISK ANALYSIS : AN OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE SOCIETY FOR RISK ANALYSIS 2016; 36:1188-1210. [PMID: 26616470 DOI: 10.1111/risa.12516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Social impacts caused by floods and landslides in Portugal in the period of 1865-2010 are gathered in the DISASTER database. This database contains 1,902 hydro-geomorphologic cases that caused 1,248 fatalities (81% and 19% associated with floods and landslides, respectively). The use of the DISASTER database allowed for: (i) the analysis of the frequency and the temporal evolution of fatal floods and landslides; (ii) the analysis of the spatio-temporal distribution of fatalities; (iii) the identification of the most deadly flood and landside types; (iv) the verification of gender tendencies in mortalities; and (v) the evaluation of individual and societal risk. The highest number of flood and landslide cases and related mortalities occurred in the period of 1935-1969. After this period, the number of flood and landslide mortalities decreased, although landslide fatalities remained higher than those registered in the period of 1865-1934. The occurrence of flood fatalities was widespread in the country, with an important cluster in the Lisbon region and in the Tagus valley, while fatalities caused by landslides mainly occurred in the north of the Tagus valley. Flash floods caused the majority of fatalities associated with floods, while falls and flows were responsible for the highest number of fatalities associated with landslides. Males were found to have the highest frequency of fatalities. In the case of floods, the majority of fatalities were found both outdoors and inside of buildings in rural areas while fatalities inside buildings were dominant in landslide cases, mostly in rural areas.
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Pereira S, Borges A, Gomes TN, Santos D, Souza M, Dos Santos FK, Chaves RN, Barreira TV, Hedeker D, Katzmarzyk PT, Maia JAR. Correlates of children's compliance with moderate-to-vigorous physical activity recommendations: a multilevel analysis. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2016; 27:842-851. [PMID: 26990113 DOI: 10.1111/sms.12671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the association between individual and school characteristics associated with the number of school days children comply with moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) recommendations. Sample comprises 612 Portuguese children, aged 9-11 years, from 23 schools. Time spent in MVPA was measured by accelerometry, while individual-level correlates were obtained by anthropometry and questionnaires. School-level variables were collected by questionnaire, and accelerometer wear time and season were also considered. Maximum likelihood estimates of model parameters were obtained via a multilevel analysis with children as level-1, and school as level-2. Children who spent more time in sedentary activities and girls were less likely to comply with MVPA/daily. More mature children and those who use active transportation to school were more likely to attain the PA recommendation. Furthermore, greater accelerometer wear time and spring season increased the chance to achieve the recommended MVPA. In terms of school-level correlates, a greater number of available facilities was negatively associated with children MVPA compliance. Given the set of variables, our results showed that individual characteristics seem to be more relevant for children's compliance rates with PA/day than school context variables, which should be taken into account in the implementation of school policies and practices.
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Ferreira M, Pereira S, Almeida A, Queirós R, Delgadillo I, Saraiva J, Cunha A. Effect of temperature and compression/decompression rates on high pressure inactivation of Listeria. ACTA ALIMENTARIA 2016. [DOI: 10.1556/066.2015.4444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Pereira S, Preto C, Pinho C, Vasconcelos P. When one port does not return blood: two case reports of rare causes for misplaced central venous catheters. Braz J Anesthesiol 2016; 66:78-81. [PMID: 26768935 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjane.2014.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2013] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We present two cases of misplaced central venous catheters having in common the absence of free blood return from one lumen immediately after placement. The former is a case of right hydrothorax associated with central venous catheterization with the catheter tip in intra-pleural location. In this case the distal port was never patent. In the latter case there was an increased aspiration pressure through the middle port due to a catheter looping. The absence of free flow on aspiration from one lumen of a central catheter should not be undervalued. In these circumstances the catheter should not be used and needs to be removed.
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Coutinho ML, Miller AZ, Rogerio-Candelera MA, Mirão J, Cerqueira Alves L, Veiga JP, Águas H, Pereira S, Lyubchyk A, Macedo MF. An integrated approach for assessing the bioreceptivity of glazed tiles to phototrophic microorganisms. BIOFOULING 2016; 32:243-259. [PMID: 26900634 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2015.1135242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A laboratory-based methodology was designed to assess the bioreceptivity of glazed tiles. The experimental set-up consisted of multiple steps: manufacturing of pristine and artificially aged glazed tiles, enrichment of phototrophic microorganisms, inoculation of phototrophs on glazed tiles, incubation under optimal conditions and quantification of biomass. In addition, tile intrinsic properties were assessed to determine which material properties contributed to tile bioreceptivity. Biofilm growth and biomass were appraised by digital image analysis, colorimetry and chlorophyll a analysis. SEM, micro-Raman and micro-particle induced X-ray emission analyses were carried out to investigate the biodeteriorating potential of phototrophic microorganisms on the glazed tiles. This practical and multidisciplinary approach showed that the accelerated colonization conditions allowed different types of tile bioreceptivity to be distinguished and to be related to precise characteristics of the material. Aged tiles showed higher bioreceptivity than pristine tiles due to their higher capillarity and permeability. Moreover, biophysical deterioration caused by chasmoendolithic growth was observed on colonized tile surfaces.
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Gagnaire B, Cavalié I, Pereira S, Floriani M, Dubourg N, Camilleri V, Adam-Guillermin C. External gamma irradiation-induced effects in early-life stages of zebrafish, Danio rerio. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2015; 169:69-78. [PMID: 26517177 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2015.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Revised: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In the general context of validation of tools useful for the characterization of ecological risk linked to ionizing radiation, the effects of an external gamma irradiation were studied in zebrafish larvae irradiated for 96 h with two dose rates: 0.8 mGy/d, which is close to the level recommended to protect ecosystems from adverse effects of ionizing radiation (0.24 mGy/d) and a higher dose rate of 570 mGy/d. Several endpoints were investigated, such as mortality, hatching, and some parameters of embryo-larval development, immunotoxicity, apoptosis, genotoxicity, neurotoxicity and histological alterations. Results showed that an exposure to gamma rays induced an acceleration of hatching for both doses and a decrease of yolk bag diameter for the highest dose, which could indicate an increase of global metabolism. AChE activity decreased with the low dose rate of gamma irradiation and alterations were also shown in muscles of irradiated larvae. These results suggest that gamma irradiation can induce damages on larval neurotransmission, which could have repercussions on locomotion. DNA damages, basal ROS production and apoptosis were also induced by irradiation, while ROS stimulation index and EROD biotransformation activity were decreased and gene expression of acetylcholinesterase, choline acetyltransferase, cytochrome p450 and myeloperoxidase increased. These results showed that ionizing radiation induced an oxidative stress conducting to DNA damages. This study characterized further the modes of action of ionizing radiation in fish.
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Pereira R, Barros C, Pereira S, Mendes PM, Silva CA. A middleware for intelligent environments in ambient assisted living. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2015; 2014:5924-7. [PMID: 25571345 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2014.6944977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The increasing elderly population is changing the demography of many countries, becoming a major issue for society. As a direct consequence of this demographic phenomenon, allied to technological developments and pressure to reduce healthcare costs, new healthcare technologies for proactive health and elder care is needed. However, interoperability issues among different levels of available technologies restricts a wider deployment among intermediate and end-users. This work presents a service-oriented middleware that was developed to provide access to the functionality offered by virtually any existing device, or application, in a residential setting, in a transparent and intuitive form. The proposed middleware abstracts the communication technologies involved, allowing to seemingly integrate different communication protocols, making possible the distributed cooperation of devices that were built as stand-alone products. As a test case, an application was built with the middleware to monitor blood pressure and electromyography signal using typical health devices.
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Pereira S, Pereira C, Santos L, Klumpp J, Almeida A. Potential of phage cocktails in the inactivation of Enterobacter cloacae--An in vitro study in a buffer solution and in urine samples. Virus Res 2015; 211:199-208. [PMID: 26541317 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2015.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Revised: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to compare the dynamics of three previously isolated phages for Enterobacter cloacae in order to evaluate their ability to treat urinary tract infections (UTI). The phages genomes, survival, host range, were characterized, and the host-phage dynamics was determined in culture medium and urine samples. The presence of prophages in bacteria, host recovery and development of resistance to phage after treatment was also evaluated. The growth of the E. cloacae was inhibited by the three phages, resulting in a decrease of ≈3 log. The use of cocktails with two or three phages was significantly more effective (decrease of ≈4 log). In urine, the inactivation was still effective (≈2 log). Both phages were considered safe to inactivate the bacteria (no integrase and toxin codifying genes). Some bacteria remained viable in the presence of the phages, but their colonies were smaller than those of the non-treated control and were visible only after 5 days of incubation (visible after 24h in the control). A high bacterial inactivation efficiency with phage cocktails combined with the safety of the phages and their long periods of survival, even in urine samples, paves the way for depth studies, especially in vivo studies, to control urinary tract infection and to overcome the development of resistances by the nosocomial bacterium E. cloacae.
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Ng CYP, Pereira S, Cheng SH, Adam-Guillermin C, Garnier-Laplace J, Yu KN. Combined effects of depleted uranium and ionising radiation on zebrafish embryos. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2015; 167:311-315. [PMID: 25948823 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncv269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In the environment, living organisms are exposed to a mixture of stressors, and the combined effects are deemed as multiple stressor effects. In the present work, the authors studied the multiple stressor effect in embryos of the zebrafish (Danio rerio) from simultaneous exposure to alpha particles and depleted uranium (DU) through quantification of apoptotic signals at 24 h post-fertilisation (hpf) revealed by vital dye acridine orange staining. In each set of experiments, dechorionated zebrafish embryos were divided into 4 groups, each having 10 embryos: Group (C) in which the embryos did not receive any further treatment; Group (IU) in which the embryos received an alpha-particle dose of 0.44 mGy at 5 hpf and were then exposed to 100 µg l(-1) of DU from 5 to 6 hpf; Group (I) in which the embryos received an alpha-particle dose of 0.44 mGy at 5 hpf and Group (U) in which the dechorionated embryos were exposed to 100 µg l(-1) of DU from 5 to 6 hpf. The authors confirmed that an alpha-particle dose of 0.44 mGy and a DU exposure for 1 h separately led to hormetic and toxic effects assessed by counting apoptotic signals, respectively, in the zebrafish. Interestingly, the combined exposure led to an effect more toxic than that caused by the DU exposure alone, so effectively DU changed the beneficial effect (hormesis) brought about by alpha-particle irradiation into an apparently toxic effect. This could be explained in terms of the promotion of early death of cells predisposed to spontaneous transformation by the small alpha-particle dose (i.e. hormetic effect) and the postponement of cell death upon DU exposure.
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Gorgulho R, Lopes S, Correia A, Tranfield E, Monteiro E, Pereira S, Morello J. Usefulness of zebrafish model to assess glomerular and tubular alterations induced by nephrotoxic drugs. Toxicol Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2015.08.952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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de la Portilla F, García-Cabrera AM, Pereira S, de Marco F, Molero M, Muntane J, Padillo FJ. An Experimental Study on the Use of Calcium Alginate to Heal Colonic Anastomoses. J INVEST SURG 2015; 29:32-9. [PMID: 26375677 DOI: 10.3109/08941939.2015.1057305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anastomotic leak is considered the major complication following abdominal surgery. In recent years, the use of a variety of sealing materials for the prevention of leaks has been analyzed. Different biomaterials have been employed as scaffolds to favour tissue repair and regeneration. Among these materials we must mention alginate, a natural polymer with different applications as temporary supporting matrix. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the behavior of both alginate-impregnated sutures and lyophilized alginate sponges in the healing process of colonic anastomes using an experimental animal model. MATERIAL AND METHODS A preliminary study was undertaken to select the adequate scaffold. Animals (n = 45) were distributed into three groups: control (colonic anastomosis using non-continuous 5-0 Polyglactin 910 suture), suture (colonic anastomosis using suture impregnated with alginate gel at 4%) and sponge (colonic anastomosis using suture reinforced with lyophilized alginate sponge). The macroscopic and histological variables were assessed at 4, 8 and 12 days after surgical intervention. RESULTS No statistically significant differences have been observed between the groups during the analysis of macroscopic variables. Animals with sponge implantation showed a greater degree of epithelial reepithalization, less acute and chronic inflammation and greater collagen deposit. CONCLUSIONS The use of lyophilized alginate sponges to reinforce colonic anastomoses in an animal model reduces inflammation and promotes the earlier formation of greater collagen deposits without increasing the number of adhesions or the incidence of stenosis.
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Santos-Carballal B, Aaldering LJ, Ritzefeld M, Pereira S, Sewald N, Moerschbacher BM, Götte M, Goycoolea FM. Physicochemical and biological characterization of chitosan-microRNA nanocomplexes for gene delivery to MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Sci Rep 2015; 5:13567. [PMID: 26324407 PMCID: PMC4555168 DOI: 10.1038/srep13567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 07/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer gene therapy requires the design of non-viral vectors that carry genetic material and selectively deliver it with minimal toxicity. Non-viral vectors based on cationic natural polymers can form electrostatic complexes with negatively-charged polynucleotides such as microRNAs (miRNAs). Here we investigated the physicochemical/biophysical properties of chitosan-hsa-miRNA-145 (CS-miRNA) nanocomplexes and the biological responses of MCF-7 breast cancer cells cultured in vitro. Self-assembled CS-miRNA nanocomplexes were produced with a range of (+/-) charge ratios (from 0.6 to 8) using chitosans with various degrees of acetylation and molecular weight. The Z-average particle diameter of the complexes was <200 nm. The surface charge increased with increasing amount of chitosan. We observed that chitosan induces the base-stacking of miRNA in a concentration dependent manner. Surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy shows that complexes formed by low degree of acetylation chitosans are highly stable, regardless of the molecular weight. We found no evidence that these complexes were cytotoxic towards MCF-7 cells. Furthermore, CS-miRNA nanocomplexes with degree of acetylation 12% and 29% were biologically active, showing successful downregulation of target mRNA expression in MCF-7 cells. Our data, therefore, shows that CS-miRNA complexes offer a promising non-viral platform for breast cancer gene therapy.
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Rodríguez-Hernández A, Navarro-Villarán E, González R, Pereira S, Soriano-De Castro LB, Sarrias-Giménez A, Barrera-Pulido L, Álamo-Martínez JM, Serrablo-Requejo A, Blanco-Fernández G, Nogales-Muñoz A, Gila-Bohórquez A, Pacheco D, Torres-Nieto MA, Serrano-Díaz-Canedo J, Suárez-Artacho G, Bernal-Bellido C, Marín-Gómez LM, Barcena JA, Gómez-Bravo MA, Padilla CA, Padillo FJ, Muntané J. Regulation of cell death receptor S-nitrosylation and apoptotic signaling by Sorafenib in hepatoblastoma cells. Redox Biol 2015; 6:174-182. [PMID: 26233703 PMCID: PMC4534573 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2015.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Revised: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) plays a relevant role during cell death regulation in tumor cells. The overexpression of nitric oxide synthase type III (NOS-3) induces oxidative and nitrosative stress, p53 and cell death receptor expression and apoptosis in hepatoblastoma cells. S-nitrosylation of cell death receptor modulates apoptosis. Sorafenib is the unique recommended molecular-targeted drug for the treatment of patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. The present study was addressed to elucidate the potential role of NO during Sorafenib-induced cell death in HepG2 cells. We determined the intra- and extracellular NO concentration, cell death receptor expression and their S-nitrosylation modifications, and apoptotic signaling in Sorafenib-treated HepG2 cells. The effect of NO donors on above parameters has also been determined. Sorafenib induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells. However, low concentration of the drug (10nM) increased cell death receptor expression, as well as caspase-8 and -9 activation, but without activation of downstream apoptotic markers. In contrast, Sorafenib (10 µM) reduced upstream apoptotic parameters but increased caspase-3 activation and DNA fragmentation in HepG2 cells. The shift of cell death signaling pathway was associated with a reduction of S-nitrosylation of cell death receptors in Sorafenib-treated cells. The administration of NO donors increased S-nitrosylation of cell death receptors and overall induction of cell death markers in control and Sorafenib-treated cells. In conclusion, Sorafenib induced alteration of cell death receptor S-nitrosylation status which may have a relevant repercussion on cell death signaling in hepatoblastoma cells.
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Pereira S, Park E, Moore J, Faubert B, Breen DM, Oprescu AI, Nahle A, Kwan D, Giacca A, Tsiani E. Resveratrol prevents insulin resistance caused by short-term elevation of free fatty acids in vivo. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2015; 40:1129-36. [PMID: 26455923 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2015-0075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Elevated levels of plasma free fatty acids (FFA), which are commonly found in obesity, induce insulin resistance. FFA activate protein kinases including the proinflammatory IκBα kinase β (IKKβ), leading to serine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) and impaired insulin signaling. To test whether resveratrol, a polyphenol found in red wine, prevents FFA-induced insulin resistance, we used a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp with a tracer to assess hepatic and peripheral insulin sensitivity in overnight-fasted Wistar rats infused for 7 h with saline, Intralipid plus 20 U·mL(-1) heparin (IH; triglyceride emulsion that elevates FFA levels in vivo; 5.5 μL·min(-1)) with or without resveratrol (3 mg·kg(-1)·h(-1)), or resveratrol alone. Infusion of IH significantly decreased glucose infusion rate (GIR; P < 0.05) and peripheral glucose utilization (P < 0.05) and increased endogenous glucose production (EGP; P < 0.05) during the clamp compared with saline infusion. Resveratrol co-infusion, however, completely prevented the effects induced by IH infusion: it prevented the decreases in GIR (P < 0.05 vs. IH), peripheral glucose utilization (P < 0.05 vs. IH), and insulin-induced suppression of EGP (P < 0.05 vs. IH). Resveratrol alone had no effect. Furthermore, IH infusion increased serine (307) phosphorylation of IRS-1 in soleus muscle (∼30-fold, P < 0.001), decreased total IRS-1 levels, and decreased IκBα content, consistent with activation of IKKβ. Importantly, all of these effects were abolished by resveratrol (P < 0.05 vs. IH). These results suggest that resveratrol prevents FFA-induced hepatic and peripheral insulin resistance and, therefore, may help mitigate the health consequences of obesity.
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Pereira S, Shah A, George Fantus I, Joseph JW, Giacca A. Effect of N-acetyl-l-cysteine on insulin resistance caused by prolonged free fatty acid elevation. J Endocrinol 2015; 225:1-7. [PMID: 25609734 DOI: 10.1530/joe-14-0676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Circulating free fatty acids (FFAs) are elevated in obesity and cause insulin resistance. The objective of the current study was to determine whether the antioxidant N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) prevented hepatic and peripheral insulin resistance caused by prolonged elevation of plasma FFAs. Chronically cannulated Wistar rats received saline (SAL), Intralipid plus heparin (IH), IH plus NAC, or NAC i.v. infusion for 48 h. Insulin sensitivity was determined using the hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp with tritiated glucose tracer. IH induced hepatic and peripheral insulin resistance (P<0.05). NAC co-infusion did not prevent insulin resistance in the liver, although it was able to prevent peripheral insulin resistance. Prolonged IH infusion did not appear to induce oxidative stress in the liver because hepatic content of protein carbonyl, malondialdehyde, and reduced to oxidized glutathione ratio did not differ across treatment groups. In alignment with our insulin sensitivity results, IH augmented skeletal muscle protein carbonyl content and this was prevented by NAC co-infusion. Taken together, our results indicate that oxidative stress mediates peripheral, but not hepatic, insulin resistance resulting from prolonged plasma FFA elevation. Thus, in states of chronic plasma FFA elevation, such as obesity, antioxidants may protect against peripheral but not hepatic insulin resistance.
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Fernandes M, Leones R, Costa A, Silva M, Pereira S, Mano J, Fortunato E, Rego R, de Zea Bermudez V. Electrochromic devices incorporating biohybrid electrolytes doped with a lithium salt, an ionic liquid or a mixture of both. Electrochim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.02.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Macera MJ, Sobrino A, Levy B, Jobanputra V, Aggarwal V, Mills A, Esteves C, Hanscom C, Pereira S, Pillalamarri V, Ordulu Z, Morton CC, Talkowski M, Warburton D. Prenatal diagnosis of chromothripsis, with nine breaks characterized by karyotyping, FISH, microarray and whole-genome sequencing. Prenat Diagn 2015; 35:299-301. [PMID: 25043231 DOI: 10.1002/pd.4456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2014] [Revised: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Pereira S, Breen DM, Naassan AE, Wang PYT, Uchino H, Fantus IG, Carpentier AC, Gutierrez-Juarez R, Brindley DN, Lam TKT, Giacca A. In vivo effects of polyunsaturated, monounsaturated, and saturated fatty acids on hepatic and peripheral insulin sensitivity. Metabolism 2015; 64:315-22. [PMID: 25467844 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2014.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2014] [Revised: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/22/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Free fatty acids (FFAs) cause insulin resistance and are often elevated in obesity. Chronic ingestion of diets rich in saturated fat induces more insulin resistance than diets rich in unsaturated fat, however, it remains unclear whether different FFAs cause distinct levels of insulin resistance in the short-term, which is relevant to the feeding and fasting cycle. Protein kinase C (PKC)-δ is implicated in hepatic insulin resistance. Therefore, we investigated the effects of short-term elevation of fatty acids with different degrees of unsaturation on hepatic insulin action and liver PKC-δ membrane translocation, a marker of activation. MATERIALS/METHODS Triglyceride emulsions of Soybean Oil+Heparin (polyunsaturated (POLY)), Olive Oil+Heparin (monounsaturated (MONO)), Lard Oil+Heparin (saturated (SATU)), or saline (SAL) were infused intravenously for 7h to elevate plasma FFA concentrations ~3-4 fold in rats. During the last 2h of infusion, a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp with tritiated glucose methodology was performed to examine hepatic and peripheral insulin sensitivity. RESULTS Surprisingly, SATU, MONO, and POLY impaired peripheral insulin sensitivity (glucose utilization divided by insulin) to a similar extent. Furthermore, all lipids induced a similar degree of hepatic insulin resistance compared to SAL. Although there were changes in hepatic content of lipid metabolites, there were no significant differences in liver PKC-δ membrane translocation across fat groups. CONCLUSIONS In summary, in the short-term, FFAs with different degrees of unsaturation impair peripheral insulin sensitivity and induce hepatic insulin resistance as well as hepatic PKC-δ translocation to the same extent.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cell Membrane/enzymology
- Dietary Fats/administration & dosage
- Dietary Fats/adverse effects
- Dietary Fats/analysis
- Dietary Fats/metabolism
- Dietary Fats, Unsaturated/administration & dosage
- Dietary Fats, Unsaturated/adverse effects
- Dietary Fats, Unsaturated/analysis
- Dietary Fats, Unsaturated/metabolism
- Enzyme Activation
- Fat Emulsions, Intravenous
- Fatty Acids/adverse effects
- Fatty Acids/analysis
- Fatty Acids/blood
- Fatty Acids/metabolism
- Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated/adverse effects
- Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated/analysis
- Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated/blood
- Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated/metabolism
- Fatty Acids, Nonesterified/blood
- Fatty Acids, Nonesterified/metabolism
- Fatty Acids, Unsaturated/adverse effects
- Fatty Acids, Unsaturated/analysis
- Fatty Acids, Unsaturated/blood
- Fatty Acids, Unsaturated/metabolism
- Female
- Glucose Clamp Technique
- Insulin Resistance
- Liver/enzymology
- Liver/metabolism
- Olive Oil
- Plant Oils/administration & dosage
- Plant Oils/adverse effects
- Plant Oils/chemistry
- Plant Oils/metabolism
- Protein Kinase C-delta/chemistry
- Protein Kinase C-delta/metabolism
- Protein Transport
- Rats, Wistar
- Soybean Oil/administration & dosage
- Soybean Oil/adverse effects
- Soybean Oil/chemistry
- Soybean Oil/metabolism
- Up-Regulation
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146
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Pereira S, Teixeira C, Ribeiro O, Hernández-Marrero P, Fonseca A, Carvalho A. Burnout in physicians and nurses: a multicentre quantitative study in palliative care units in Portugal. REVISTA DE ENFERMAGEM REFERÊNCIA 2014. [DOI: 10.12707/riii13178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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147
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Krestjyaninov M, Gimaev R, Razin V, Halaph H, Shameeva O, Galli E, Oger E, Levery M, Mabo P, Donal E, Rodriguez Munoz D, Carbonell Sanroman A, Moya Mur J, Lazaro Rivera C, Fernandez Santos S, Rincon Diaz L, Casas Rojo E, Jimenez Nacher J, Fernandez-Golfin C, Zamorano Gomez J, Shamsheva D, Zaletova T, Parkhomenko O, Bogdanov A, Simova I, Katova T, Galderisi M, Pauncheva B, Ozawa K, Funabashi N, Takaoka H, Kobayashi Y, Moatemri F, Messaoudi Y, Mahdhaoui A, Bouraoui H, Hajri S, Jeridi G, Souza C, Nascimento C, Cordovil I, Belem L, Horcades R, Sahate A, Pereira S, Benchimol-Barbosa P, Barros C, Weitzel L, Altin C, Sade L, Gezmis E, Ozen N, Muderrisoglu H, Voilliot D, Magne J, Dulgheru R, Kou S, Henri C, Caballero L, De Sousa C, Sprynger M, Pierard L, Lancellotti P, Miglioranza M, Mihaila S, Muraru D, Cucchini U, Cecchetto A, Cavalli G, Romeo G, Iliceto S, Badano L, Brecht A, Wageloehner T, Oertelt-Prigione S, Seeland U, Ruecke M, Baumann G, Regitz-Zagrosek V, Stangl V, Knebel F, Khanna R, Raghuwanshi A, Kapoor A, Tewari S, Garg N, Kumar S, Goel P, Altin C, Sade L, Gezmis E, Ozen N, Duzceker O, Muderrisoglu H, Petre I, Tautu O, Onciul S, Iancovici S, Zamfir D, Onut R, Dorobantu M, Jashari F, Ibrahimi P, Johansson E, Gronlund C, Bajraktari G, Wester P, Henein M, Torbas O, Sirenko Y, Radchenko G, Page M, Gerber B, Pasquet A, Pouleur A, Vancreynest D, Vanoverschelde J, Wieczorek J, Wieczorek P, Mizia M, Gieszczyk-Strozik K, Sikora-Puz A, Lasota B, Mizia-Stec K, Coisne A, Levy F, Malaquin D, Richardson M, Quere J, Montaigne D, Tribouilloy C, Miskowiec D, Wierzbowska-Drabik K, Wejner-Mik P, Michalski B, Wdowiak-Okrojek K, Szymczyk E, Kasprzak J, Lipiec P, Grossi F, Oddo A, Pieri F, Cordisco A, Zucchini M, Mori F, Gensini G. Club 35 Poster session 1: Wednesday 3 December 2014, 09:00-16:00 * Location: Poster area. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeu238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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148
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Pereira S, Frick AP, Poon LC, Zamprakou A, Nicolaides KH. Successful induction of labor: prediction by preinduction cervical length, angle of progression and cervical elastography. ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY 2014; 44:468-475. [PMID: 24832011 DOI: 10.1002/uog.13411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2014] [Revised: 05/05/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the potential value of preinduction cervical length, cervical elastography and angle of progression (AOP) in prediction of successful vaginal delivery and induction-to-delivery interval. METHODS This was a prospective study in 99 women with singleton pregnancy undergoing preinduction ultrasound assessment at 35-42 weeks' gestation. Cervical length, elastographic score at the internal os and AOP were determined. Regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between cervical length and both AOP and elastographic score. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine which of the maternal characteristics (cervical length, AOP, elastographic score) were significant predictors of vaginal delivery and induction-to-delivery interval. RESULTS Vaginal delivery occurred in 66 (66.7%) cases and Cesarean delivery was performed in 33 (33.3%) cases. There were significant correlations between cervical length and both AOP (r = - 0.319) and elastographic score (r = 0.368). Significant independent prediction of vaginal delivery and induction-to-delivery interval was provided by nulliparity and cervical length, with no additional significant contribution from electrographic score or AOP. CONCLUSIONS In women undergoing induction of labor, AOP and elastographic score at the internal os are unlikely to be useful in prediction of vaginal delivery and induction-to-delivery interval.
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149
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Matos C, Pereira S, Amorim EV, Bentes I, Briga-Sá A. Wastewater and greywater reuse on irrigation in centralized and decentralized systems--an integrated approach on water quality, energy consumption and CO2 emissions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2014; 493:463-71. [PMID: 24960227 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.05.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Revised: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater and greywater have different scales of end-uses in irrigation in Portugal. Wastewater is treated in a central wastewater treatment plant and reused in public/private large areas of irrigation, like agriculture, public gardens and golf courses. On the contrary, greywater reuse is generally applied in in situ small scales, treated and used in the same place, generally in the production site. The main aim of this paper is to compare the two types of systems: a wastewater centralized reuse system (WWCRS) and a greywater decentralized reuse system (GWDRS) in terms of water quality, energy consumption and CO2 emissions. In this paper, the main characteristics of both streams are presented and the degree of treatment required in each stream is analyzed. The advantages and disadvantages of its reuse in different scales, in terms of water quality, energy consumption and CO2 emissions are discussed. A methodology to calculate the energy consumptions and CO2 emissions related to wastewater treatment that may be applied in different cases is presented. A hypothetical example of the two systems: one referring to a WWCRS and the other to a GWDRS is presented. The energy consumption and the CO2 emissions are analyzed and compared. The WWCRS needs a higher degree of treatment and so it spends more energy and leads to more CO2 emissions to the environment than the GWDRS that consumed between 11.8 and 37.5% of the energy consumed in the WWCRS considering the same number of inhabitants served.
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150
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Pereira S, Park E, Mori Y, Haber CA, Han P, Uchida T, Stavar L, Oprescu AI, Koulajian K, Ivovic A, Yu Z, Li D, Bowman TA, Dewald J, El-Benna J, Brindley DN, Gutierrez-Juarez R, Lam TKT, Najjar SM, McKay RA, Bhanot S, Fantus IG, Giacca A. FFA-induced hepatic insulin resistance in vivo is mediated by PKCδ, NADPH oxidase, and oxidative stress. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2014; 307:E34-46. [PMID: 24824652 PMCID: PMC4080148 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00436.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Fat-induced hepatic insulin resistance plays a key role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes in obese individuals. Although PKC and inflammatory pathways have been implicated in fat-induced hepatic insulin resistance, the sequence of events leading to impaired insulin signaling is unknown. We used Wistar rats to investigate whether PKCδ and oxidative stress play causal roles in this process and whether this occurs via IKKβ- and JNK-dependent pathways. Rats received a 7-h infusion of Intralipid plus heparin (IH) to elevate circulating free fatty acids (FFA). During the last 2 h of the infusion, a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp with tracer was performed to assess hepatic and peripheral insulin sensitivity. An antioxidant, N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), prevented IH-induced hepatic insulin resistance in parallel with prevention of decreased IκBα content, increased JNK phosphorylation (markers of IKKβ and JNK activation, respectively), increased serine phosphorylation of IRS-1 and IRS-2, and impaired insulin signaling in the liver without affecting IH-induced hepatic PKCδ activation. Furthermore, an antisense oligonucleotide against PKCδ prevented IH-induced phosphorylation of p47(phox) (marker of NADPH oxidase activation) and hepatic insulin resistance. Apocynin, an NADPH oxidase inhibitor, prevented IH-induced hepatic and peripheral insulin resistance similarly to NAC. These results demonstrate that PKCδ, NADPH oxidase, and oxidative stress play a causal role in FFA-induced hepatic insulin resistance in vivo and suggest that the pathway of FFA-induced hepatic insulin resistance is FFA → PKCδ → NADPH oxidase and oxidative stress → IKKβ/JNK → impaired hepatic insulin signaling.
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