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Zafarullah M, Wisniewski J, Shworak NW, Schieman S, Misra S, Gedamu L. Molecular cloning and characterization of a constitutively expressed heat-shock-cognate hsc71 gene from rainbow trout. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992; 204:893-900. [PMID: 1371753 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1992.tb16709.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
A rainbow trout major heat-shock-protein-like gene (hsp 70) and corresponding cDNA clones were isolated by hybridization to heterologous hsp70 probes. DNA sequencing revealed that this gene is structurally similar to a mammalian heat-shock-cognate hsc70 gene and consists of eight introns. Northern blot and primer extension analyses showed that the corresponding mRNA is constitutively abundant in different trout tissues and salmonid cell lines. Fragments of the isolated gene containing the -900 - +30 and -217 - +58 sequence were linked to a bacterial chloramphenicol acetyltransferase reporter gene and transiently transfected into salmonid cells. The expression pattern of these constructs supports our conclusion that the isolated genomic and cDNA clones correspond to a trout heat-shock-cognate hsc70 gene.
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352
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Rana AP, Majumder GC, Misra S, Ghosh A. Occurrence of wax esters and 1-O-alkyl-2,3-diacylglycerols in goat epididymal sperm plasma membrane. Lipids 1992; 27:75-8. [PMID: 1608310 DOI: 10.1007/bf02537065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Two unusual lipid classes were detected by thin-layer chromatography in the neutral lipids derived from goat cauda-epididymal sperm plasma membrane. The lipids were identified as wax esters and 1-O-alkyl-2,3-diacylglycerols based on chromatographic properties, identity of their hydrolysis products, and infrared/1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectral evidence. The membrane contained ca. 3 and 5 micrograms/mg protein of wax esters and alkyldiacylglycerols, respectively. The relative proportions of wax esters and alkyldiacylglycerols in the total neutral lipids were 1.5% and 2.4%, respectively. The lipids contained fatty acids with chain lengths of C14 to C22. The major fatty acids of the wax esters were 14:0, 16:0, 16:1 omega 7, 18:0 and 18:1 omega 9. The fatty acids in alkyldiacylglycerol were 16:0, 18:0, 22:5 omega 3 and 22:6 omega 3. Alkyldiacylglycerol was particularly rich in docosahexaenoic acid (22:6 omega 3) representing 30% of the total fatty acids. The alcohols of wax ester were all saturated with C20-C29 carbon chains. The deacylated products derived from alkyldiacylglycerols were identified as hexadecyl, octadecyl and octadec-9'-enyl glycerol ethers.
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353
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Misra S, Bhakoo ON, Ayyagiri A, Katariya S. Clinical & bacteriological profile of neonatal pneumonia. Indian J Med Res 1991; 93:366-70. [PMID: 1797646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In a prospective study of 44 neonates (33 outborn and 11 inborn) with pneumonia, the bacteriology of pneumonia was determined by blood culture and serum counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIEP). Twenty-nine babies also underwent lung aspiration. The lung aspirate was subjected to bacterial culture and CIEP. CIEP was done to detect the bacterial antigens of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae. Absence of tachypnoea, found more commonly in low birth weight babies, was a poor prognostic sign. Low birth weight babies had a significantly higher mortality than babies with normal birth weight. Altogether, a bacterial etiology of neonatal pneumonia could be established in 25 cases (56.7%). In 10 babies, Strep. pneumoniae antigen was detected in serum and/or lung aspirate. Micro-organisms were cultured from blood and/or lung aspirate from 17 babies. Eleven babies (25%) grew Gram negative bacteria. The common bacteria identified in decreasing order of frequency were Strep. pneumoniae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Acinatobacter lowfii, Staph. aureus, Pseudoamonas aeruginosa etc. All the Gram negative bacteria as well as staphylococci were sensitive to amikacin while only 23.5 per cent was sensitive to gentamicin. All staphylococci isolated were sensitive to methicillin.
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354
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Misra S, Thapa BR, Panigrahi D, Mehta S. Treatment of enteric fever--what next? Indian Pediatr 1991; 28:433-5. [PMID: 1752667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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355
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Misra S, Sarin SK, Gulati PK, Singal AK, Broor SL. Splenoportovenography: safety, success rate and hemodynamic changes, and incidence and natural history of splenic hematoma. Indian J Gastroenterol 1991; 10:49-50. [PMID: 2040512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Forty-five non-cirrhotic patients undergoing splenoportovenography (SPV) were studied. SPV was performed successfully in 43 (95.5%) patients. Local pain was encountered in 12 (26.6%) and lasted for a mean (+/- SD) of 7 +/- 3.8 hours. Local tenderness was noted in 17 (37.7%) and lasted for 6.8 +/- 3.7 hours. The mean rise in the pulse rate after the procedure was 6.5 +/- 4.7 beats per minute and the fall in the systolic and diastolic blood pressures was 3.4 +/- 2.5 and 0.8 +/- 1.7 mmHg respectively. Post-SPV splenic hematoma was noted in 3 (6.6%) patients. All were subcapsular, at the site of puncture, and disappeared by the seventh day. There was no difference in the age, change in the pulse rate, and fall in systolic or diastolic blood pressures between those who developed and those who did not develop hematoma. One patient required one unit of blood transfusion. There were no deaths. SPV was noted to be a simple and safe procedure with a high success rate with minimal morbidity and no mortality.
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356
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Misra S, Naskar K, Sarkar D, Ghosh DK. Role of Ca2+ ion on Leishmania-macrophage attachment. Mol Cell Biochem 1991; 102:13-8. [PMID: 1904982 DOI: 10.1007/bf00232154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Leishmania donovani, the etiological agent for the disease visceral leishmaniasis, attach themselves to the macrophages for initiation of the disease. The attachment process has been found to be regulated by Ca2+ ions. Verapamil, a Ca(2+)-channel blocker inhibits Leishmania-macrophage attachment. The inhibitory effect is increased with time. Nifedipine, another Ca(2+)-channel blocker exhibits the same effect. The attachment process is stimulated by Ca(2+)-ionophore alone. The inhibitory effects of the calcium channel blockers are reversed by the ionophore.
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357
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Rana AP, Majumder GC, Misra S, Ghosh A. Lipid changes of goat sperm plasma membrane during epididymal maturation. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1991; 1061:185-96. [PMID: 1998692 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(91)90284-f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Highly purified plasma membranes of maturing goat caput-, corpus- and cauda-epididymal spermatozoa were isolated by aqueous two-phase polymer methods and their lipid constituents were analysed. Phospholipid (approx. 75% w/w), neutral lipid (approx. 15% w/w) and glycolipid (approx. 10% w/w) were the major sperm membrane lipids. There was a significant decrease in the total lipids (approx. 25% w/w), phospholipid (approx. 30% w/w) and glycolipid (approx. 80% w/w) contents of sperm membrane during epididymal maturation. On the contrary, the mature cauda-sperm membrane showed greater (approx. 50% w/w) neutral lipid content than that of the immature caput sperm. Phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and sphingomyelin were the phospholipids of the sperm membrane, the former two being the major lipids. Both PC and PE fractions consisted of three species--diacyl, alkylacyl and alkenylacyl forms, the last one being the dominant species in both PC and PE. Of all the phospholipids, diacyl PE decreased most strikingly (approx. 65% w/w) during sperm maturation. The neutral lipid fraction contained sterols, wax esters, 1-O-alkyl-2,3-diacylglycerol, triacylglycerol and fatty acids. Sterols represented nearly 75% w/w of the neutral lipids and cholesterol was the major component (approx. 95% w/w) of the sterol fraction. The sperm maturity was associated with marked increase of sterol (approx. 60% w/w) and steryl ester (approx. 200% w/w) and decrease (approx. 50-65% w/w) of the other membrane-bound neutral lipids. The glycolipid was identified as monogalactosyldiacylglycerol. The fatty acid profile of the various membrane lipids underwent marked alteration during the epididymal transit of the male gametes. Cholesterol/phospholipid and saturated/unsaturated fatty acid ratios increased greatly in the maturing sperm membrane. The altered lipid profile of the mature sperm membrane leads to changes in its fluidity that play an important role in determining the structure and functions of the biomembrane.
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358
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Singh DP, Misra S, Chatterjee RK. A new technique of in vitro assay of antifilarials using different life-forms of Acanthocheilonema viteae. THE JAPANESE JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE 1990; 60:303-9. [PMID: 2096223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
An approach has been made to develop an in vitro screening system to evaluate antifilarial efficacy of compounds and an effort has been made to establish correlation between in vivo and in vitro screening technique. The in vitro experiments were conducted simultaneously using three life-forms (adult, microfilaria and infective larva) of Acanthocheilonema viteae using five antifilarial agents representing four chemical groups. All the selected antifilarials were known to be active against one or more life-stages of human lymphatic or animal filariids. Diethylcarbamazine and Centperazine showed 100% microfilaricidal and infective larvicidal actions at concentrations of 0.5 and 0.25 mg/ml and 0.5 and 0.0313 mg/ml respectively with no effect on adult worms even at 1 mg/ml. Levamisole was effective against all the three life-stages killing 100% adult worms at 1 mg/ml, infective larvae at 0.0625 mg/ml and microfilariae at 0.0125 mg/ml, while mebendazole exhibited activity only against adult worms (100% at 0.5 mg/ml). Ivermectin killed adult females and microfilariae at 0.063 and 0.5 mg/ml respectively but did not affect infective larvae even up to 1 mg/ml concentration. The study indicated that in vitro screening system can be used for primary screening of potential antifilarial agents provided three life-forms of A. viteae are used simultaneously to avoid false negative results. It would however be more appropriate if a few compounds of a particular chemical class are initially assessed both in vivo and in vitro for validity of subsequent test results in vitro.
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359
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Misra S, Rio DC. Cytotype control of Drosophila P element transposition: the 66 kd protein is a repressor of transposase activity. Cell 1990; 62:269-84. [PMID: 2164887 DOI: 10.1016/0092-8674(90)90365-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Drosophila P transposable elements encode two proteins, an 87 kd transposase protein and a 66 kd protein that has been hypothesized to repress transposition. We have made germline transformants carrying modified P element derivatives that encode only the 66 kd protein and shown that these elements repress transposase activity in both the germline and the soma. The position of these elements in the genome quantitatively affected their ability to negatively regulate transposase and to express the 66 kd protein. Single 66 kd element-containing strains did not exhibit the maternal inheritance of P cytotype characteristic of P strains. However, we demonstrated that a true P strain produced higher levels of the 66 kd protein during oogenesis than single 66 kd P elements. Thus, the expression of the 66 kd repressor during oogenesis may be a major determinant of the maternal effect of P cytotype.
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360
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Deane SA, Gaudry PL, Pearson I, Misra S, McNeil RJ, Read C. The hospital trauma team: a model for trauma management. THE JOURNAL OF TRAUMA 1990; 30:806-12. [PMID: 2199683 DOI: 10.1097/00005373-199007000-00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A triage system was established as the initiating mechanism for a trauma team response to assist the assessment and early management of patients presenting to an accident and emergency department. A checklist of triage criteria was used. During a 6-month period, 342 patients (29.7% of trauma admissions) satisfied the triage criteria, which should have resulted in an average of 1.9 trauma team calls per day. Staff compliance with the triage tool was 75.4%. The overtriage rate for the checklist criteria was 52.7%. The triage tool identified patients with severe injuries who were not initially considered sufficiently injured to justify initiation of the trauma team response. The sensitivity of the triage tool in identifying patients with serious injury was 95.0%. Comparison of the review with a similar review performed 12 months earlier demonstrated that staff compliance with initiating the trauma team response had improved. Using data from 564 patients from both series, logistic regression analysis of the power of the triage criteria to predict serious injury contributed to a revision of the triage criteria. This trauma triage tool and trauma team response constitute a valid approach to the early hospital management of trauma patients. This system may be more appropriate or achievable in many hospitals than the construction of dedicated trauma reception units or permanent surgical staffing of general Accident and Emergency departments.
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361
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Misra S, Sanyal T, Sarkar D, Bhattacharya PK, Ghosh DK. Evaluation of antileishmanial activity of trans-aconitic acid. BIOCHEMICAL MEDICINE AND METABOLIC BIOLOGY 1989; 42:171-8. [PMID: 2597432 DOI: 10.1016/0885-4505(89)90052-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
TAA, an inhibitor of the enzyme aconitase, inhibits the growth of L. donovani promastigotes. Morphogenic transformation of the amastigote to the promastigote (table; see text) form in vitro was also inhibited by 2 mM TAA. TAA also reduced multiplication of the parasite in macrophage culture. In the hamster model of leishmania, TAA significantly reduced the parasitic burden of liver. In acute toxicity tests with BALB/c mice no deaths were recorded even at a dose level of 2 g/kg body wt/day.
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362
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Misra S, Gedamu L. Heavy metal tolerant transgenic Brassica napus L. and Nicotiana tabacum L. plants. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 1989; 78:161-168. [PMID: 24227139 DOI: 10.1007/bf00288793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/1988] [Accepted: 03/29/1989] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A chimeric gene containing a cloned human metallothionein-II (MT-II) processed gene was introduced into Brassica napus and Nicotiana tabacum cells on a disarmed Ti-plasmid of Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Transformants expressed MT protein as a Mendelian trait and in a constitutive manner. Seeds from self-fertilized transgenic plants were germinated on media containing toxic levels of cadmium and scored for tolerance/ susceptibility to this heavy metal. The growth of root and shoot of transformed seedlings was unaffected by up to 100 μM CdCl2, whereas control seedlings showed severe inhibition of root and shoot growth and chlorosis of leaves. The results of these experiments indicate that agriculturally important plants such as B. napus can be genetically engineered for heavy metal tolerance/sequestration and eventually for partitioning of heavy metals in non-consumed plant tissues.
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363
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Misra S, Zafarullah M, Price-Haughey J, Gedamu L. Analysis of stress-induced gene expression in fish cell lines exposed to heavy meals and heat shock. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1989; 1007:325-33. [PMID: 2467689 DOI: 10.1016/0167-4781(89)90155-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
We have examined the effect of heavy metals on the expression of two major groups of stress-induced proteins in fish cell lines: the 70 kDa heat-shock proteins (hsp70) and metallothioneins (MTs). The rainbow trout hepatoma (RTH) cell line synthesized the hsp70 protein in response to zinc and heat shock, while chinook salmon embryonic (CHSE) cells synthesized this protein in response to these inducers, as well as cadmium. The synthesis of this 70 kDa protein was correlated with the accumulation of hsp70 mRNA as measured by hybridization to a trout hsp70 gene probe. Heavy metals also induced the synthesis of MT in RTH cells. However, heat shock did not result in induction of MT and its mRNA. Unlike RTH cells, CHSE cells did not synthesize MT following exposure to cadmium or zinc. When these cells were treated with 5-azacytidine prior to heavy metal treatment, accumulation of MT mRNA was observed. Northern blot analysis of total RNA from 5-azacytidine treated CHSE cells, using a trout MT (tMT-B) cDNA probe, indicated that the time-course of induction and the maximal level of MT mRNA accumulation in response to cadmium and zinc paralleled that observed in RTH cells. Copper and dexamethasone were ineffective in inducing MT mRNA in 5-azacytidine-treated CHSE cells. These results indicate that MT is specifically induced in response to heavy metal treatment, whereas the synthesis of hsp70 appears to be a general stress response. Furthermore, MT is differentially regulated by heavy metals and dexamethasone in these cell lines and the expression of MT is cell-type-specific.
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364
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Doll RF, Kaufman PD, Misra S, Rio DC. Molecular biology of Drosophila P-element transposition. PROGRESS IN NUCLEIC ACID RESEARCH AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 1989; 36:47-57. [PMID: 2544014 DOI: 10.1016/s0079-6603(08)60160-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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365
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Misra S, James C, Silverman B, Chiaramonte LT. Recurrent swelling, abdominal pain, and vomiting in a 72-year-old male. ANNALS OF ALLERGY 1989; 62:9-10, 43-6. [PMID: 2912327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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366
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Thacker AK, Misra S, Katiyar BC. Nerve conduction studies in upper limbs of patients with cervical spondylosis and motor neurone disease. Acta Neurol Scand 1988; 78:45-8. [PMID: 3176881 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0404.1988.tb03617.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Proximal conduction studies by F-wave technique, with conventional distal motor and sensory conduction were performed along the ulnar nerves of 20 patients each with cervical spondylotic radiculopathy and/or myelopathy and with classical motor neurone disease (MND). Such F-wave parameters as shortest F-latency, F-conduction velocity, conduction time and F-ratio were calculated. Twenty-five age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers acted as controls. Proximal slowing associated with sensory conduction abnormalities and normal distal motor conduction favored cervical spondylosis (CS). Distal slowing with a normal proximal motor and sensory conduction was associated with motor neurone disease.
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367
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Misra S, Deo BB. Nonperturbative QCD order parameters from e+e- data by analytic continuation. Int J Clin Exp Med 1988; 37:1325-1327. [PMID: 9958815 DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.37.1325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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368
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Singh Senger AK, Gulati AK, Misra S, Katiyar BC. A study on Guillain Barre' syndrome for evidence of infection with enterovirus 70. THE JOURNAL OF COMMUNICABLE DISEASES 1988; 20:58-60. [PMID: 2852700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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369
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Chatterjee RK, Singh DP, Misra S. Dipetalonema viteae in Mastomys natalensis: effect of pregnancy and lactation on establishment and course of infection. TROPICAL MEDICINE AND PARASITOLOGY : OFFICIAL ORGAN OF DEUTSCHE TROPENMEDIZINISCHE GESELLSCHAFT AND OF DEUTSCHE GESELLSCHAFT FUR TECHNISCHE ZUSAMMENARBEIT (GTZ) 1988; 39:29-30. [PMID: 3387824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The susceptibility of hosts to filarial infection during pregnancy and lactation was studied using Dipetalonema viteae in Mastomys natalensis as working model. Though no difference in prepatency could be observed yet significantly higher density of microfilaraemia than controls was detected in both pregnant and lactating groups. Extended duration of patency was also found in both pregnant and lactating animals. On autopsy, animals exposed at the time of pregnancy or lactation revealed significantly higher recovery of adult worms as compared to normal controls. Thus pregnancy and/or lactation may lead to higher density and duration of microfilaraemia and enhanced establishment of adult worms in female mastomys which are otherwise less susceptible to filarial infection.
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370
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Singh DP, Misra S, Chatterjee RK. Response of Dipetalonema viteae in Mastomys natalensis to some known antifilarials. INDIAN JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY 1988; 26:48-52. [PMID: 3403011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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371
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Nair GB, Misra S, Bhadra RK, Pal SC. Evaluation of the multitest medium for rapid presumptive identification of Vibrio cholerae from environmental sources. Appl Environ Microbiol 1987; 53:1203-5. [PMID: 3606096 PMCID: PMC203837 DOI: 10.1128/aem.53.5.1203-1205.1987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The multitest V. cholerae medium (VC medium) for rapid presumptive identification of Vibrio cholerae was evaluated. On the basis of reactions in the VC medium, 379 strains recovered during a yearlong ecological study in Calcutta were presumptively identified as V. cholerae. Further phenotypic characterization of these strains revealed that the reactions of 371 (97.9%) isolates were consistent with that of V. cholerae. False-positive reactions were exhibited by eight (2.1%) strains, three of which were identified as Vibrio fluvialis biotype 1. By slightly varying the basic formulation of the VC medium, we could eliminate some false-positive reactions. On the basis of the present evaluation, we recommend the routine use of the VC medium.
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372
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Singh DP, Misra S, Chatterjee RK, Sen AB. Stage-specific homocytotropic antibody response of Mastomys natalensis to Dipetalonema viteae infection. Acta Trop 1987; 44:101-2. [PMID: 2884834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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373
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Abstract
In this report a family is described where cerebellar ataxia occurred along with total albinism. A possibility of syntenic condition of the two genes responsible for the traits could explain the occurrence of the two conditions. The presence of two traits singly in the sibs reflects a recombinant event and suggests that the linkage is not absolute. Chromosomal study did not show any structural or numerical anomalies except in 1/50 metaphase plates scored in the proband (with cerebellar ataxia) where in chromosome No. 14 proximal intense band (21) seemed to be shifted, inv. (14) (q13q23?). The affected sibs with ataxia and albinism or ataxia alone depicted relatively a lower sister chromatid exchange (SCE) rate than their parents and age matched controls.
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374
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Singh NK, Jaiswal AK, Misra S, Srivastava PK. Assessment of autonomic dysfunction in Guillain-Barré syndrome and its prognostic implications. Acta Neurol Scand 1987; 75:101-5. [PMID: 3577674 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0404.1987.tb07902.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Twenty-four patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome were prospectively evaluated for evidence of autonomic dysfunction. It occurred in 16 (66.7%) patients, usually during the peak period of paralysis, in the form of either excess or inadequate activity of sympathetic and/or parasympathetic nervous systems. Its clinical manifestations comprised of sinus tachycardia (33.3%), bradycardia (8.3%), hypertension (33.3%), postural hypotension (35%), urinary sphincteric disturbances (20.8%) and anhydrosis of lower limbs (12.5%). Assessment of cardiovascular responses to autonomic function tests revealed impaired alterations in heart rate during deep breathing (31.6%), Valsalva's manoeuvre (28.6%), sustained handgrip (25%), cold-pressor test (36.4%), postural change (35%) and atropine test (20%); and impaired rise in blood pressure during firm handgrip (25%) and cold-pressor test (36.6%). ECG abnormalities were noticed in 8 (33.3%) patients. They comprised of depressed ST segment in 5, inverted T wave in 3, tall T wave in 2 and prolonged QTc in 2 patients. Two patients died of respiratory failure. Autonomic dysfunction in Guillain-Barré syndrome did not appear to have any prognostic significance as there was no significant difference in autonomic dysfunction between good - and bad - outcome groups of patients.
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375
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Lovell H, Bokoula C, Misra S, Speight N. Mothers' reaction to a perinatal death. NURSING TIMES 1986; 82:40-2. [PMID: 3642477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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376
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Sodhani P, Singh NK, Thacker AK, Katiyar BC, Misra S. Intrathecal hyaluronidase therapy in tuberculous spinal arachnoiditis. THE JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF PHYSICIANS OF INDIA 1986; 34:636-8. [PMID: 3793698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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377
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378
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Abstract
Twenty-eight consecutive male patients with primary and secondary hypogonadism (14 each) were evaluated clinically and electrophysiologically for muscle dysfunction. Although generalised muscle weakness was initially reported by only 9 patients, on direct questioning, it was recorded in 19. Objective weakness was found in 13 patients and it involved both the proximal and distal limb muscles. Quantitative electromyography showed evidence of myopathy in the proximal muscle in 25 patients, i.e., reduced MUP duration and amplitude with increased polyphasia in the deltoid and the gluteus maximus. There were no denervation potentials. None of the patients showed clinical neuropathy or NCV abnormalities. Thus, the profile of muscle involvement in hypogonadism closely simulates limb-girdle muscular dystrophy and other endocrine myopathies. The incidence of muscle involvement was higher in secondary hypogonadism. Diminished androgens in primary hypogonadism and diminished growth hormone in the secondary hypogonadism are probably responsible for the myopathy.
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379
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Andrews G, Holt P, Edmonds C, Lowry C, Cistulli P, McKay B, Misra S, Sutton G. Does non-clinical decompression stress lead to brain damage in abalone divers? Med J Aust 1986; 144:399-401. [PMID: 3959966 DOI: 10.5694/j.1326-5377.1986.tb128409.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Abalone divers are subject to considerable decompression stresses and could be at risk of progressive cognitive impairment. A sample of abalone divers was compared with a sample of fishermen, by means of a battery of neuropsychological tests. No evidence of cognitive impairment was found in the divers, in spite of evidence of their exposure to decompression stress. The implications for other professional divers and for recreational underwater divers who follow standard decompression protocols are reassuring.
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380
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Mukherjea M, Chakraborti AS, Misra S. Characterization of microsomal ATPases from developing human placenta. BIOCHEMICAL MEDICINE AND METABOLIC BIOLOGY 1986; 35:115-9. [PMID: 3011035 DOI: 10.1016/0885-4505(86)90065-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Activities and some properties of microsomal ATPases have been studied in developing human placenta. The enzyme activities (Na+ + K+ + Mg2+, Mg2+, and Ca2+ dependent) in the placenta increase steadily with gestational age until the 18th to 21st week, and decrease in the second half of pregnancy. Mg2+-dependent and Na+ + K+ + Mg2+-dependent ATPases possess nearly the same Km (apparent) for ATP, while the Ca2+-dependent enzyme shows a different one. Mg2+-dependent ATPase shows higher substrate affinity than Ca2+-dependent ATPase, although the Vmax of the Mg2+-dependent enzyme is lower than that of the latter. However, for each enzyme, the Km remains almost constant and Vmax varies during ontogenic development. Vmax of the enzymes decline at term. The enzymes are heat-labile, unaffected by amino acids, namely, L-phenylalanine, L-leucine, and L-tryptophan, and deoxycholate inhibits the enzyme activities by about 50%.
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381
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Abstract
Ontogeny of neutrophil chemotactic response using endotoxin activated adult sheep plasma as a source of complement derived chemotactic factor was examined in fetal lambs of gestational age 120-150 days. (Gestational period in sheep is approximately 150 days.) Neutrophils from fetal lambs of gestational age 120-130 days failed to respond to this chemotactic factor whereas neutrophils from fetal lambs above 131 days of gestational age responded at levels comparable to adult values. Examination of neutrophil chemotaxis in older fetuses using a different chemotactic factor derived from mitogen stimulated adult mononuclear cells revealed a selective failure of fetal neutrophils to respond to lymphocyte-derived chemotactic factor in the presence of a normal response to complement derived chemotactic factor. Among prematurely delivered twin fetuses alterations in comparison with the first twin or age-matched controls in peripheral neutrophil count (increase) and in chemotaxis (increase or decrease) were noted in second of twins delivered greater than or equal to 20 min after the first lamb, suggesting an extreme sensitivity of neutrophil functions to a variety of influences, similar to that seen in humans.
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382
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Raghunathan R, Mundy TM, Faust J, Misra S. Allogeneic leukocyte and germ cell-induced murine immunodeficiency. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 1985; 135:2429-31. [PMID: 3161941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Immune deficiency, as defined by significant decreases in lymphocyte Con A and allo-reactivity and in natural killer (NK) function, was induced in normal adult mice by i.p. injections of combinations of allogeneic testicular germ cells and splenic leukocytes over 3 wk. This immune deficiency was evident at 8 wk after initial injection, and profound by 12 wk. Neither leukocytes nor testicular cells, given alone, were able to induce similar immune deficiency. These findings suggest the possibility that allogeneic germ cells and leukocytes of semen, on repeated administration, may induce immune deficiency and may act as co-factors to viral agents in the development of clinical AIDS in humans.
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383
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Raghunathan R, Mundy TM, Faust J, Misra S. Allogeneic leukocyte and germ cell-induced murine immunodeficiency. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 1985. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.135.4.2429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Immune deficiency, as defined by significant decreases in lymphocyte Con A and allo-reactivity and in natural killer (NK) function, was induced in normal adult mice by i.p. injections of combinations of allogeneic testicular germ cells and splenic leukocytes over 3 wk. This immune deficiency was evident at 8 wk after initial injection, and profound by 12 wk. Neither leukocytes nor testicular cells, given alone, were able to induce similar immune deficiency. These findings suggest the possibility that allogeneic germ cells and leukocytes of semen, on repeated administration, may induce immune deficiency and may act as co-factors to viral agents in the development of clinical AIDS in humans.
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384
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Misra S, Bewley JD. Reprogramming of Protein Synthesis from a Developmental to a Germinative Mode Induced by Desiccation of the Axes of Phaseolus vulgaris. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 1985; 78:876-82. [PMID: 16664344 PMCID: PMC1064841 DOI: 10.1104/pp.78.4.876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Immature seeds of Phaseolus vulgaris cv Taylor's Horticultural removed from the pod at 32 days of development do not germinate unless first subjected to desiccation. Our results show that premature drying not only redirects metabolism from a developmental to a germination program but it does so permanently, thus effecting an irreversible switch. This is shown by in vitro protein synthesis, and analysis of poly(A)(+) mRNA with a cDNA probe specific for phaseolin message. For example, the pattern of proteins synthesized in vitro by the mRNA fraction from fresh and prematurely dried axes show strong similarities; on the other hand, the mRNA population from rehydrated axes code for a different set of proteins. Also, the message for phaseolin is preserved following the normal maturation process and premature desiccation of seeds. Following rehydration of immature seeds at the desiccation-tolerant stage, this message is no longer detectable in the axes.
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385
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Abstract
Technology has created moral dilemmas in recent years creating an increased interest in the field of bioethics, which affects engineers in biomedicine, physicians, other health-care professionals, and society in general. For example devices like the kidney dialysis machine or Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) diagnostic scanner demonstrate state-of-the-art capabilities, yet they are very expensive. Therefore, standards of the past involving health care and allocation of resources are changing, and professionals must be aware of this change, as well as the responsibility for complete testing and review during the research and development process of medical devices. In this paper, we illustrate technological impact and stress the necessity of an understanding of ethics in order to deal effectively with product liability, conflicts of interests, and allocation of scarce resources. Hopefully, this will result in awareness and education in ethics and professional responsibilities.
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386
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Misra S, Oaks A. Glutamine metabolism in corn kernels cultured in vitro. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 1985; 77:520-3. [PMID: 16664090 PMCID: PMC1064556 DOI: 10.1104/pp.77.3.520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The fate of glutamine, the major source of nitrogen supplied to the developing maize endosperm, has been examined in endosperm tissues of corn caryopsis grown under sterile conditions. In the culture system, [U-(14)C]glutamine was included in the medium or was injected directly into the endosperm. Samples were harvested at intervals up to 168 hours. Protein and starch fractions were then separated and analyzed for their (14)C content. At 168 hours, 31% of the total label incorporated in the endosperm was in zein, 15% in glutelin, and 24% in starch. When individual amino acids and sugars in the endosperm powders were analyzed, the (14)C still remaining in the glutamine accounted for only 12 to 14% of the total radioactivity.
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387
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Misra S, Mukherjea M. A comparative study of human placental and fetal liver catalase during development. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 1985; 19:81-8. [PMID: 3987953 DOI: 10.1016/0028-2243(85)90023-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The activity and a few properties of catalase have been compared in the developing human placenta and fetal liver. The presence of the enzyme in both the tissues is discernible as early as in the 6th wk of gestation and the activity increases gradually with the advancement of pregnancy. Maximum enzyme activity in both placenta and fetal liver is found to be associated with the soluble supernatant fraction obtained by centrifuging the tissue homogenates at 105000 X g. Kinetic studies reveal the enzymatic decomposition of H2O2 to follow first-order kinetics at lower substrate concentrations, and then to deviate from the original linearity, demonstrating mixed-order kinetics. Thermostability of placental catalase increases with prenatal development, while the enzyme from fetal liver remains moderately heat-stable throughout the gestation. Treatment of the homogenates with Triton X-100 is found to be most effective in increasing catalase activity in each of these tissues.
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388
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Misra S, Chatterjee RK, Sen AB. The response to Litomosoides carinii to antifilarial agents in cotton rat (Sigmodon hispidus) & multimammate rat (Mastomys natalensis). Indian J Med Res 1984; 79:749-54. [PMID: 6394476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
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389
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Misra S, Dutta AK, Dhar T, Ghosh A, Choudhury A, Dutta J. Fatty acids of the mud skipper Boleophthalmus boddaerti. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 1983; 34:1413-1418. [PMID: 6664080 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.2740341215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
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390
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Singh AK, Saraff S, Misra S, Sinha AP. Meatoplasty. JOURNAL OF THE INDIAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION 1983; 81:85-6. [PMID: 6674337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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391
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Misra S, Chatterjee RK, Sen AB. Alternative animal host for cotton rat filarial worm Litomosoides carinii. Indian J Med Res 1983; 78:210-5. [PMID: 6360861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
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392
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Katiyar BC, Misra S, Singh RB, Singh AK, Gupta S, Gulati AK, Christopher S, John TJ. Adult polio-like syndrome following Enterovirus 70 conjunctivitis (natural history of the disease). Acta Neurol Scand 1983; 67:263-74. [PMID: 6880605 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0404.1983.tb04575.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
During the Indian EV 70 conjunctivitis epidemic in 1981, 79 patients with neurological complications were evaluated by clinical, electrophysiological, histopathological and virological studies. The disease was heralded by an attack of conjunctivitis and was followed, after a variable latent period, by a pre-paralytic, paralytic, and post-paralytic stage of slow recovery. The above events occurred in an orderly sequence. The paralysis affected the cranial nerves, limbs or both. The clinical course closely simulated poliomyelitis, without any evidence of radiculopathy or myelopathy. Cranial nerve palsies were seen in approximately half of the patients. The electrophysiological and histologicl studies pointed towards the affection of anterior horn cells. The raised neutralizing antibody titres to Enterovirus 70, confirmed the aetiology of the disease. On the available data, we believe that this nosological entity should be considered under the general title of "polio-like syndrome" following EV 70 conjunctivitis. On account of two epidemics in 1971 and 1981 with unfavourable prognosis and high resultant disability, and because of lack of specific therapy, it has become imperative to develop, as a top priority, a vaccine for immunization.
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393
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Gupta N, Misra S, Banerjee P. A cyclops with iniencephalus. JOURNAL OF THE INDIAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION 1983; 80:100-2. [PMID: 6417243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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394
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Misra S, Chatterjee RK, Sen AB. Sequential changes in antibody response of Mastomys natalensis during the course of Litomosoides carinii infection. THE JOURNAL OF COMMUNICABLE DISEASES 1983; 15:48-52. [PMID: 6429235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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395
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Misra S, Satsangi RK, Tiwari SS. Synthesis and CNS activities of some 2-alkyl-3(2-substituted indol-3-yl)-methyl, 6-substituted-quinazolin-4(3H)-ones. POLISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND PHARMACY 1982; 34:441-7. [PMID: 6138761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Nineteen title compounds (1-3, Fig. 1) have been synthesised by Mannich reaction of the corresponding 2,6-disubstituted-quinazolones, 2-substituted-indole and formaldehyde. Some of them have been found to be CNS stimulants while some others were CNS depressants. Compounds 2c and 2d have been found to possess good anticonvulsant activity in MES protection test at the dose level of 100 mg/kg.
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396
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Misra S, Chatterjee RK, Sen AB. Effect of DEC on the immune status in rats infected with Litomosoides carinii by intraperitoneal transplantation. Indian J Med Res 1982; 76:151-6. [PMID: 6757121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
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397
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Sehgal VN, Koranne RV, Sharma AK, Misra S, Jain RK. Age-at-onset of leprosy. (An analytic data from Northern India). LEPROSY IN INDIA 1982; 54:332-7. [PMID: 7132301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Very little information is available from Northern India about various intriguing facets of epidemiology of leprosy. Age-at-onset is a very important aspect of the epidemiology of the disease process. In the present study an analytic data of the patients from Northern India is presented. The mean age-at-onset of leprosy in males was 31.49 years and in female 29.43 years. The mean age-at-onset for N, N ? L and L types was 30.14, 30.12 and 34.13 years respectively. The data compared well with those of earlier series.
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398
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Agarwal R, Misra S, Satsangi RK, Tiwari SS. Synthesis and CNS activity of N,N-disubstituted 1-(aminomethyl)-5-alkyl-3-(aryloxyacetylhydrazono)indolin-2-ones. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 1982; 315:142-6. [PMID: 7065857 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.19823150207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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399
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Abstract
21 Subjects awaiting open-heart surgery were given personality and attitude questionnaires. They were re-tested six months after the operation, when they were divided into "completely recovered" (I) and "not completely recovered" (II) groups, according to the New York Heart Association classification. Results showed that Group I was significantly less depressed, more optimistic about the future and had a more positive attitude towards others. Group II realised they had been very ill and had a more negative attitude towards their spouses. Group I was found to be much better adjusted, vocationally and psychosexually, than Group II.
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400
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