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Lee JH. Targeting the ATM pathway in cancer: Opportunities, challenges and personalized therapeutic strategies. Cancer Treat Rev 2024; 129:102808. [PMID: 39106770 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2024.102808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/09/2024]
Abstract
Ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) kinase plays a pivotal role in orchestrating the DNA damage response, maintaining genomic stability, and regulating various cellular processes. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of ATM's structure, activation mechanisms, and various functions in cancer development, progression, and treatment. I discuss ATM's dual nature as both a tumor suppressor and potential promoter of cancer cell survival in certain contexts. The article explores the complex signaling pathways mediated by ATM, its interactions with other DNA repair mechanisms, and its influence on cell cycle checkpoints, apoptosis, and metabolism. I examine the clinical implications of ATM alterations, including their impact on cancer predisposition, prognosis, and treatment response. The review highlights recent advances in ATM-targeted therapies, discussing ongoing clinical trials of ATM inhibitors and their potential in combination with other treatment modalities. I also address the challenges in developing effective biomarkers for ATM activity and patient selection strategies for personalized cancer therapy. Finally, I outline future research directions, emphasizing the need for refined biomarker development, optimized combination therapies, and strategies to overcome potential resistance mechanisms. This comprehensive overview underscores the critical importance of ATM in cancer biology and its emerging potential as a therapeutic target in precision oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hoon Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Research Center of Ecomimetics, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Yu PP, Liu XC, Yin L, Yin G. Aggressive fibromatosis of the sigmoid colon: A case report. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2024; 16:3716-3722. [PMID: 39171176 PMCID: PMC11334028 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i8.3716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aggressive fibromatosis (AF), also known as desmoid tumor or desmoid-type fibromatosis, is a rare soft tissue neoplasm that can occur in almost any part of the body. Although it is a benign disease, AF is aggressive and infiltrative and has a high recurrence rate after surgery. Common sites for intra-abdominal AF are the small bowel mesentery, retroperitoneum, and pelvis. AF in the colon is extremely rare. CASE SUMMARY Here, we report the first case of sigmoid colon AF, which was accidentally discovered in a 27-year-old woman during laparoscopic myomectomy. Computed tomography confirmed a slightly enhanced mass in the sigmoid colon. Subsequent colonoscopy did not reveal a mass in the colonic lumen, but a suspected external compress was found in the sigmoid colon. Surgical disease involving a gastrointestinal stromal tumor was suspected. The patient underwent laparoscopic exploration, and sigmoidectomy with a negative margin was performed to excise the mass. Postoperative immunohistochemistry revealed that the mass was an AF. The patient recovered well and was recurrence-free at the 30-month follow-up without adjuvant therapy. CONCLUSION AF should be considered in the differential diagnosis of subepithelial colon masses. Radical resection alone can achieve good outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan-Pan Yu
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Anal Surgery, The Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310006, Zhejiang Province, China
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou 310022, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xin-Chun Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Anal Surgery, The Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310006, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Lu Yin
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310006, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Guang Yin
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Anal Surgery, The Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310006, Zhejiang Province, China
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Kalaimani K, Balachandran S, Boopathy LK, Roy A, Jayachandran B, Sankaranarayanan S, Arumugam MK. Recent advancements in small interfering RNA based therapeutic approach on breast cancer. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 981:176877. [PMID: 39128807 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common and malignant tumor diagnosed in women, with 2.9 million cases in 2023 and the fifth highest cancer-causing mortality worldwide. Recent developments in targeted therapy options for BC have demonstrated the promising potential of small interfering RNA (siRNA)-based cancer therapeutic approaches. As BC continues to be a global burden, siRNA therapy emerges as a potential treatment strategy to regulate disease-related genes in other types of cancers, including BC. siRNAs are tiny RNA molecules that, by preventing their expression, can specifically silence genes linked to the development of cancer. In order to increase the stability and effectiveness of siRNA delivery to BC cells, minimize off-target effects, and improve treatment efficacy, advanced delivery technologies such as lipid nanoparticles and nanocarriers have been created. Additionally, combination therapies, such as siRNAs that target multiple pathways are used in conjunction with conventional chemotherapy agents, have shown synergistic effects in various preclinical studies, opening up new treatment options for breast cancer that are personalized and precision medicine-oriented. Targeting important genes linked to BC growth, metastasis, and chemo-resistance has been reported in BC research using siRNA-based therapies. This study reviews recent reports on therapeutic approaches to siRNA for advanced treatment of BC. Furthermore, this review evaluates the role and mechanisms of siRNA in BC and demonstrates the potential of exploiting siRNA as a novel target for BC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathirvel Kalaimani
- Cancer Biology Lab, Centre for Molecular and Nanomedical Sciences, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 600119, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shana Balachandran
- Cancer Biology Lab, Centre for Molecular and Nanomedical Sciences, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 600119, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Lokesh Kumar Boopathy
- Centre for Laboratory Animal Technology and Research, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 600119, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Anitha Roy
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, 600077, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Bhuvaneshwari Jayachandran
- Cancer Biology Lab, Centre for Molecular and Nanomedical Sciences, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 600119, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sangamithra Sankaranarayanan
- Cancer Biology Lab, Centre for Molecular and Nanomedical Sciences, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 600119, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Madan Kumar Arumugam
- Cancer Biology Lab, Centre for Molecular and Nanomedical Sciences, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 600119, Tamil Nadu, India.
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4
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Kiri S, Ryba T. Cancer, metastasis, and the epigenome. Mol Cancer 2024; 23:154. [PMID: 39095874 PMCID: PMC11295362 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-024-02069-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide and disease burden is expected to increase globally throughout the next several decades, with the majority of cancer-related deaths occurring in metastatic disease. Cancers exhibit known hallmarks that endow them with increased survival and proliferative capacities, frequently as a result of de-stabilizing mutations. However, the genomic features that resolve metastatic clones from primary tumors are not yet well-characterized, as no mutational landscape has been identified as predictive of metastasis. Further, many cancers exhibit no known mutation signature. This suggests a larger role for non-mutational genome re-organization in promoting cancer evolution and dissemination. In this review, we highlight current critical needs for understanding cell state transitions and clonal selection advantages for metastatic cancer cells. We examine links between epigenetic states, genome structure, and misregulation of tumor suppressors and oncogenes, and discuss how recent technologies for understanding domain-scale regulation have been leveraged for a more complete picture of oncogenic and metastatic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurav Kiri
- College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, 6850 Lake Nona Blvd., Orlando, 32827, Florida, USA.
| | - Tyrone Ryba
- Department of Natural Sciences, New College of Florida, 5800 Bay Shore Rd., Sarasota, 34243, Florida, USA.
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5
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Mazzolenis ME, Bulat E, Schatman ME, Gumb C, Gilligan CJ, Yong RJ. The Ethical Stewardship of Artificial Intelligence in Chronic Pain and Headache: A Narrative Review. Curr Pain Headache Rep 2024; 28:785-792. [PMID: 38809404 DOI: 10.1007/s11916-024-01272-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW As artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) are becoming more pervasive in medicine, understanding their ethical considerations for chronic pain and headache management is crucial for optimizing their safety. RECENT FINDINGS We reviewed thirty-eight editorial and original research articles published between 2018 and 2023, focusing on the application of AI and ML to chronic pain or headache. The core medical principles of beneficence, non-maleficence, autonomy, and justice constituted the evaluation framework. The AI applications addressed topics such as pain intensity prediction, diagnostic aides, risk assessment for medication misuse, empowering patients to self-manage their conditions, and optimizing access to care. Virtually all AI applications aligned both positively and negatively with specific medical ethics principles. This review highlights the potential of AI to enhance patient outcomes and physicians' experiences in managing chronic pain and headache. We emphasize the importance of carefully considering the advantages, disadvantages, and unintended consequences of utilizing AI tools in chronic pain and headache, and propose the four core principles of medical ethics as an evaluation framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Emilia Mazzolenis
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Evgeny Bulat
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, 02115, MA, USA
| | - Michael E Schatman
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative Care, and Pain Medicine, Department of Population Health - Division of Medical Ethics, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chris Gumb
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Christopher J Gilligan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Robert J Yong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, 02115, MA, USA.
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6
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Kankanam Gamage SU, Hashimoto S, Miyamoto Y, Nakano T, Yamanaka M, Kitaji H, Takada Y, Matsumoto H, Koike A, Satoh M, Ichishi M, Watanabe M, Morimoto Y. Supplementation with autologous adipose stem cell-derived mitochondria can be a safe and promising strategy for improving oocyte quality. J Assist Reprod Genet 2024; 41:2065-2077. [PMID: 38777961 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-024-03137-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE In our previous study, we confirmed that the supplementation of vitrified-warmed murine oocytes with autologous adipose stem cell (ASC)-derived mitochondria during intracytoplasmic sperm injection enhances post-fertilization developmental competence in mice. To ensure the safety of this technology, we conducted a thorough study in mice to investigate the potential presence of specific malformations in offspring developed from this approach. METHODS A transgenerational comparative analysis was conducted on founder mice from embryos that developed after mitochondrial supplementation, and two subsequent generations. Reproductive performance, body growth rate, histopathological parameters, hematological parameters, daily activity patterns, and daily body temperature changes in male and female mice across these three generations were assessed in comparison to wild-type mice of the same age. RESULTS Both male and female animals in all three generations showed comparable reproductive performance to the control group. Additionally, body growth rate by the age of 8 weeks were found to be comparable to controls across all three generations. Notably, no significant histopathological abnormalities were detected in vital organs, including the brain, heart, liver, kidneys, lungs, ovaries, and testes, in any individuals from the studied cohorts. The blood parameters were consistent with the control data. The continuous monitoring of activity and body temperature changes (both day and night) over a 1-week period revealed a pattern closely resembling that observed in the control animals. CONCLUSION Injection of ASC-mitochondria into oocytes may be a promising technique to support developmental potential without causing adverse epigenetic events in the offspring in mice. However, before considering clinical application, additional safety screening using larger animals or non-human primates is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shu Hashimoto
- Reproductive Science Institute, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Hideki Kitaji
- Reproductive Science Institute, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuki Takada
- Reproductive Science Institute, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Akiko Koike
- HORAC Grand Front Osaka Clinic, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Masako Ichishi
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Mie, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Watanabe
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Mie, Japan
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Stubberud A, Langseth H, Nachev P, Matharu MS, Tronvik E. Artificial intelligence and headache. Cephalalgia 2024; 44:3331024241268290. [PMID: 39099427 DOI: 10.1177/03331024241268290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND METHODS In this narrative review, we introduce key artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) concepts, aimed at headache clinicians and researchers. Thereafter, we thoroughly review the use of AI in headache, based on a comprehensive literature search across PubMed, Embase and IEEExplore. Finally, we discuss limitations, as well as ethical and political perspectives. RESULTS We identified six main research topics. First, natural language processing can be used to effectively extract and systematize unstructured headache research data, such as from electronic health records. Second, the most common application of ML is for classification of headache disorders, typically based on clinical record data, or neuroimaging data, with accuracies ranging from around 60% to well over 90%. Third, ML is used for prediction of headache disease trajectories. Fourth, ML shows promise in forecasting of headaches using self-reported data such as triggers and premonitory symptoms, data from wearable sensors and external data. Fifth and sixth, ML can be used for prediction of treatment responses and inference of treatment effects, respectively, aiming to optimize and individualize headache management. CONCLUSIONS The potential uses of AI and ML in headache are broad, but, at present, many studies suffer from poor reporting and lack out-of-sample evaluation, and most models are not validated in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anker Stubberud
- NorHead Norwegian Centre for Headache Research, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Sciences, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Helge Langseth
- NorHead Norwegian Centre for Headache Research, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Computer Science, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Parashkev Nachev
- High Dimensional Neurology Group, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Manjit S Matharu
- NorHead Norwegian Centre for Headache Research, Trondheim, Norway
- Headache and Facial Pain Group, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology and National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - Erling Tronvik
- NorHead Norwegian Centre for Headache Research, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Sciences, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Neuroclinic, StOlav University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
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Varadhan V, Manikandan MS, Nagarajan A, Palaniyandi T, Ravi M, Sankareswaran SK, Baskar G, Wahab MRA, Surendran H. Ataxia-Telangiectasia Mutated (ATM) gene signaling pathways in human cancers and their therapeutic implications. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 260:155447. [PMID: 38981349 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Cancer is a multifaceted disease driven by abnormal cell growth and poses a significant global health threat. The multifactorial causes, differences in individual susceptibility to therapeutic drugs, and induced drug resistance pose major challenges in addressing cancers effectively. One of the most important aspects in making cancers highly heterogeneous in their physiology lies in the genes involved and the changes occurring to some of these genes in malignant conditions. The Genetic factors have been implicated in the oncogenesis, progression, responses to treatment, and metastasis. One such gene that plays a key role in human cancers is the mutated form of the Ataxia-telangiectasia gene (ATM). ATM gene located on chromosome 11q23, plays a vital role in maintaining genomic stability. Understanding the genetic basis of A-T is crucial for diagnosis, management, and treatment. Breast cancer, lung cancer, prostate cancer, and gastric cancer exhibit varying relationships with the ATM gene and influence their pathways. Targeting the ATM pathway proves promising for enhancing treatment effectiveness, especially in conjunction with DNA damage response pathways. Analyzing the therapeutic consequences of ATM mutations, especially in these cancer types facilitates the approaches for early detection, intervention, development of personalized treatment approaches, and improved patient outcomes. This review emphasizes the role of the ATM gene in various cancers, highlighting its impact on DNA repair pathways and therapeutic responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varsha Varadhan
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R Educational and Research Institute, Chennai 600095, India
| | - Monica Shri Manikandan
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R Educational and Research Institute, Chennai 600095, India
| | - Akshaya Nagarajan
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R Educational and Research Institute, Chennai 600095, India
| | - Thirunavukkarasu Palaniyandi
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R Educational and Research Institute, Chennai 600095, India; Department of Anatomy, Biomedical Research Unit and Laboratory Animal Centre, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Maddaly Ravi
- Department of Human Genetics, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai 600116, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Senthil Kumar Sankareswaran
- Department of Biotechnology, Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology, Avadi, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gomathy Baskar
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R Educational and Research Institute, Chennai 600095, India
| | | | - Hemapreethi Surendran
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R Educational and Research Institute, Chennai 600095, India
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Su Z, Ding P, Su W, Li X, Li Y, Li X, Lao K, Wang Y. Association between oxidative balance score and female infertility from the national health and nutrition examination survey 2013-2018. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1386021. [PMID: 39140031 PMCID: PMC11319134 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1386021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The correlation between oxidative stress and female infertility pathogenesis was established, and the oxidative balance score (OBS) can serve as a measure of overall oxidative stress burden within an individual. Prior reports have not addressed the relationship between OBS and female infertility. This study endeavors to investigate the association between infertility risk in female and OBS. Methods The analysis focused on data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013-2018. OBS was determined from 16 dietary components and 4 lifestyle components. Multivariate logistic regression was employed to investigate the relationship between OBS and female infertility. Further stratified analysis was conducted to examine the associations across various subgroups. To elucidate the dose-response relationship between infertility risk in female and OBS, a restricted cubic spline function was employed. Results The study included a total of 1410 participants. Through weighted multivariable logistic regression analysis, we observed a consistent inverse correlation between OBS and the risk of female infertility [OR (95% CI) = 0.97 (0.95, 0.99), p = 0.047]. When participants were segregated into quartiles based on OBS, those in the highest quartile had a 61% [OR (95% CI) = 0.39 (0.2, 0.79), p = 0.01] reduced risk of infertility compared to those in the lowest quartile of OBS. A trend test assessing OBS by quartile also revealed the relationship between OBS and female infertility. This correlation remained constant across both dietary and lifestyle OBS. Additionally, lifestyle OBS and female infertility exhibited a nonlinear association. A sensitivity analysis verified the consistency of our findings. Conclusion The study found that a higher OBS is associated with a lower prevalence of female infertility. These results emphasized the potential role of oxidative homeostasis in the pathogenesis of infertility and highlighted the importance of follow-up studies and prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Su
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Peihui Ding
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Wenjing Su
- Department of Radiology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Xia Li
- Community Health Service Center of Dudian Street in Bincheng District, Binzhou, China
| | - Yiqian Li
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Xiaoran Li
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Kaixue Lao
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Yanlin Wang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
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10
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Krasniqi E, Ercolani C, Di Benedetto A, Di Lisa FS, Filomeno L, Arcuri T, Botti C, Pelle F, Cavicchi F, Cappelli S, Barba M, Pizzuti L, Maugeri-Saccà M, Moscetti L, Grassadonia A, Tinari N, Sanguineti G, Takanen S, Fragnito D, Terrenato I, Buglioni S, Perracchio L, Latorre A, De Maria R, Pallocca M, Ciliberto G, Giotta F, Vici P. DNA Damage Response in Early Breast Cancer: A Phase III Cohort in the Phobos Study. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2628. [PMID: 39123356 PMCID: PMC11311544 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16152628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
We assessed the impact of DNA damage response and repair (DDR) biomarker expressions in 222 node-positive early breast cancer (BC) patients from a previous Phase III GOIM 9902 trial of adjuvant taxanes. At a median follow-up of 64 months, the original study showed no disease-free survival (DFS) or overall survival (OS) differences with the addition of docetaxel (D) to epirubicine-cyclophosphamide (EC). Immunohistochemistry was employed to assess the expression of DDR phosphoproteins (pATM, pATR, pCHK1, γH2AX, pRPA32, and pWEE1) in tumor tissue, and their association with clinical outcomes was evaluated through the Cox elastic net model. Over an extended follow-up of 234 months, we confirmed no significant differences in DFS or OS between patients treated with EC and those receiving D → EC. A DDR risk score, inversely driven by ATM and ATR expression, emerged as an independent prognostic factor for both DFS (HR = 0.41, p < 0.0001) and OS (HR = 0.61, p = 0.046). Further validation in a public adjuvant BC cohort was possible only for ATM, confirming its protective role. Overall, our findings confirm the potential role of the DDR pathway in BC prognostication and in shaping treatment strategies advocating for an integrated approach, combining molecular markers with clinical-pathological factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eriseld Krasniqi
- Phase IV Clinical Studies Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (E.K.); (F.S.D.L.); (T.A.); (P.V.)
| | - Cristiana Ercolani
- Pathology Department, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (C.E.); (A.D.B.); (S.B.); (L.P.)
| | - Anna Di Benedetto
- Pathology Department, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (C.E.); (A.D.B.); (S.B.); (L.P.)
| | - Francesca Sofia Di Lisa
- Phase IV Clinical Studies Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (E.K.); (F.S.D.L.); (T.A.); (P.V.)
| | - Lorena Filomeno
- Phase IV Clinical Studies Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (E.K.); (F.S.D.L.); (T.A.); (P.V.)
| | - Teresa Arcuri
- Phase IV Clinical Studies Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (E.K.); (F.S.D.L.); (T.A.); (P.V.)
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Anatomo-Pathological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Botti
- Breast Surgery Department, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (C.B.); (F.P.); (F.C.); (S.C.)
| | - Fabio Pelle
- Breast Surgery Department, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (C.B.); (F.P.); (F.C.); (S.C.)
| | - Flavia Cavicchi
- Breast Surgery Department, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (C.B.); (F.P.); (F.C.); (S.C.)
| | - Sonia Cappelli
- Breast Surgery Department, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (C.B.); (F.P.); (F.C.); (S.C.)
| | - Maddalena Barba
- Division of Medical Oncology 1, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (M.B.); (L.P.)
| | - Laura Pizzuti
- Division of Medical Oncology 1, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (M.B.); (L.P.)
| | - Marcello Maugeri-Saccà
- Clinical Trial Center, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Unit, Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (M.M.-S.); (I.T.)
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Moscetti
- Oncology and Hemathology Department, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico di Modena, 41125 Modena, Italy;
| | - Antonino Grassadonia
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), G. D’Annunzio University Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
| | - Nicola Tinari
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), G. D’Annunzio University Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Sanguineti
- Department of Radiation Oncology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (G.S.); (S.T.)
| | - Silvia Takanen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (G.S.); (S.T.)
| | - Davide Fragnito
- Institute of Endocrinology and Experimental Oncology “G Salvatore”, National Research Council (CNR), 00186 Naples, Italy;
| | - Irene Terrenato
- Clinical Trial Center, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Unit, Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (M.M.-S.); (I.T.)
| | - Simonetta Buglioni
- Pathology Department, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (C.E.); (A.D.B.); (S.B.); (L.P.)
| | - Letizia Perracchio
- Pathology Department, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (C.E.); (A.D.B.); (S.B.); (L.P.)
| | - Agnese Latorre
- Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.L.); (F.G.)
| | - Ruggero De Maria
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of the Sacred Hearth, 00153 Rome, Italy;
- IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A Gemelli”, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Pallocca
- Institute of Endocrinology and Experimental Oncology “G Salvatore”, National Research Council (CNR), 00186 Naples, Italy;
| | - Gennaro Ciliberto
- Scientific Direction, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy;
| | - Francesco Giotta
- Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.L.); (F.G.)
| | - Patrizia Vici
- Phase IV Clinical Studies Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (E.K.); (F.S.D.L.); (T.A.); (P.V.)
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11
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Plowman JN, Matoy EJ, Uppala LV, Draves SB, Watson CJ, Sefranek BA, Stacey ML, Anderson SP, Belshan MA, Blue EE, Huff CD, Fu Y, Stessman HAF. Targeted sequencing for hereditary breast and ovarian cancer in BRCA1/2-negative families reveals complex genetic architecture and phenocopies. HGG ADVANCES 2024; 5:100306. [PMID: 38734904 PMCID: PMC11166883 DOI: 10.1016/j.xhgg.2024.100306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Approximately 20% of breast cancer cases are attributed to increased family risk, yet variation in BRCA1/2 can only explain 20%-25% of cases. Historically, only single gene or single variant testing were common in at-risk family members, and further sequencing studies were rarely offered after negative results. In this study, we applied an efficient and inexpensive targeted sequencing approach to provide molecular diagnoses in 245 human samples representing 134 BRCA mutation-negative (BRCAX) hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC) families recruited from 1973 to 2019 by Dr. Henry Lynch. Sequencing identified 391 variants, which were functionally annotated and ranked based on their predicted clinical impact. Known pathogenic CHEK2 breast cancer variants were identified in five BRCAX families in this study. While BRCAX was an inclusion criterion for this study, we still identified a pathogenic BRCA2 variant (p.Met192ValfsTer13) in one family. A portion of BRCAX families could be explained by other hereditary cancer syndromes that increase HBOC risk: Li-Fraumeni syndrome (gene: TP53) and Lynch syndrome (gene: MSH6). Interestingly, many families carried additional variants of undetermined significance (VOUSs) that may further modify phenotypes of syndromic family members. Ten families carried more than one potential VOUS, suggesting the presence of complex multi-variant families. Overall, nine BRCAX HBOC families in our study may be explained by known likely pathogenic/pathogenic variants, and six families carried potential VOUSs, which require further functional testing. To address this, we developed a functional assay where we successfully re-classified one family's PMS2 VOUS as benign.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jocelyn N Plowman
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
| | - Evanjalina J Matoy
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
| | - Lavanya V Uppala
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
| | - Samantha B Draves
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
| | - Cynthia J Watson
- Creighton University Core Facilities, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
| | - Bridget A Sefranek
- Creighton University Core Facilities, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
| | - Mark L Stacey
- Creighton University Core Facilities, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
| | - Samuel P Anderson
- Creighton University Core Facilities, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
| | - Michael A Belshan
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
| | - Elizabeth E Blue
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Genetics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Institute for Public Health Genetics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Brotman Baty Institute, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Chad D Huff
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yusi Fu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
| | - Holly A F Stessman
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA; Creighton University Core Facilities, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA.
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12
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Kwong A, Ho CYS, Au CH, Ma ESK. Double Heterozygosity for Germline Mutations in Chinese Breast Cancer Patients. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2547. [PMID: 39061189 PMCID: PMC11274758 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16142547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Double pathogenic mutations occurring in an individual are considered a rare event. The introduction of a multiple-gene panel at Hong Kong Hereditary Breast Cancer Family Registry has allowed the identification of pathogenic variants in multiple genes, providing more information on clinical management and surveillance to the proband and their family members. Breast cancer patients who are double heterozygous (DH) for different hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome (HBCO)-related genes were identified from a cohort of 3649 Chinese patients. Nine patients (0.25%) were observed to have germline DH mutations in ATM, BRCA1, BRCA2, BRIP1, CDH1, CHEK2, MSH6, PALB2, and TP53. Three probands were diagnosed with unilateral breast cancer, two patients were diagnosed with bilateral breast cancer, and four patients had multiple primary cancers. The median age for breast cancer diagnosis was an early age of 36 years. Chinese DH carriers did not show worse phenotypes or have a significantly downhill clinical presentation. However, seven out of nine (77.8%) of our DH carriers harbored a BRCA1 mutation, and four of them (44.4%) developed bilateral breast cancer, suggesting Chinese DH individuals may have a higher chance of having bilateral breast cancer than other populations (p = 0.0237).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ava Kwong
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Surgery, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Hong Kong Hereditary Breast Cancer Family Registry, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Cecilia Y. S. Ho
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chun-Hang Au
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Edmond S. K. Ma
- Hong Kong Hereditary Breast Cancer Family Registry, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
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13
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Jung M, Nicholas N, Grindrod S, Dritschilo A. Dual-targeting class I HDAC inhibitor and ATM activator, SP-1-303, preferentially inhibits estrogen receptor positive breast cancer cell growth. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0306168. [PMID: 39008483 PMCID: PMC11249239 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0306168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Dual-targeting chromatin regulation and DNA damage repair signaling presents a promising avenue for cancer therapy. Applying rational drug design, we synthesized a potent dual-targeting small molecule, SP-1-303. Here, we report SP-1-303 as a class I isoform selective histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor and an activator of the ataxia-telangiectasia mutated protein (ATM). In vitro enzymatic assays demonstrated selective inhibition of HDAC1 and HDAC3. Cellular growth inhibition studies show that SP-1-303 differentially inhibits growth of estrogen receptor positive breast cancer (ER+ BC) cells with effective growth inhibition concentrations (EC50) for MCF-7 and T47D cells ranging from 0.32 to 0.34 μM, compared to 1.2-2.5 μM for triple negative breast cancer cells, and ~12 μM for normal breast epithelial cells. Western analysis reveals that SP-1-303 decreases estrogen receptor alpha (ER-α) expression and increases p53 protein expression, while inducing the phosphorylation of ATM and its substrates, BRCA1 and p53, in a time-dependent manner in ER+ BC cells. Pharmacokinetic evaluation demonstrates an area under the curve (AUC) of 5227.55 ng/ml × h with an elimination half-life of 1.26 h following intravenous administration in a rat model. Collectively, SP-1-303 emerges as a novel second generation class I (HDAC1 and HDAC3) selective HDAC inhibitor, and ATM activator, capable of modulating ER expression, and inhibiting growth of ER+ BC cells. Combined targeting of class I HDACs and ATM by SP-1-303 offers a promising therapeutic approach for treating ER+ breast cancers and supports further preclinical evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mira Jung
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Nicole Nicholas
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Scott Grindrod
- Shuttle Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Anatoly Dritschilo
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, United States of America
- Shuttle Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
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14
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Ihara K, Dumkrieger G, Zhang P, Takizawa T, Schwedt TJ, Chiang CC. Application of Artificial Intelligence in the Headache Field. Curr Pain Headache Rep 2024:10.1007/s11916-024-01297-5. [PMID: 38976174 DOI: 10.1007/s11916-024-01297-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Headache disorders are highly prevalent worldwide. Rapidly advancing capabilities in artificial intelligence (AI) have expanded headache-related research with the potential to solve unmet needs in the headache field. We provide an overview of AI in headache research in this article. RECENT FINDINGS We briefly introduce machine learning models and commonly used evaluation metrics. We then review studies that have utilized AI in the field to advance diagnostic accuracy and classification, predict treatment responses, gather insights from various data sources, and forecast migraine attacks. Furthermore, given the emergence of ChatGPT, a type of large language model (LLM), and the popularity it has gained, we also discuss how LLMs could be used to advance the field. Finally, we discuss the potential pitfalls, bias, and future directions of employing AI in headache medicine. Many recent studies on headache medicine incorporated machine learning, generative AI and LLMs. A comprehensive understanding of potential pitfalls and biases is crucial to using these novel techniques with minimum harm. When used appropriately, AI has the potential to revolutionize headache medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Ihara
- Department of Neurology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
- Japanese Red Cross Ashikaga Hospital, Ashikaga, Tochigi, Japan
| | | | - Pengfei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Tsubasa Takizawa
- Department of Neurology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Todd J Schwedt
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
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15
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De Mattia E, Milan N, Assaraf YG, Toffoli G, Cecchin E. Clinical Implementation of Rare and Novel DPYD Variants for Personalizing Fluoropyrimidine Treatment: Challenges and Opportunities. Int J Biol Sci 2024; 20:3742-3759. [PMID: 39113696 PMCID: PMC11302886 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.97686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Fluoropyrimidines (FLs) [5-Fluorouracil, Capecitabine] are used in the treatment of several solid tumors. Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) is the rate-limiting enzyme for FL detoxification, and its deficiency could lead to severe, life-threatening or fatal toxicity after FL administration. Testing with a pharmacogenetic panel of four deleterious variants in the dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase gene (DPYD) (DPYD*2A, DPYD*13, c.2846A > T, c.1129-5923C > G) prior to FL treatment, is recommended by scientific consortia (e.g., CPIC, DPWG) and drug regulatory agencies (e.g., EMA). However, this panel identifies < 20% of patients at risk of severe FL-related toxicity. Cumulative recent evidence highlights the potential clinical value of rare (minor allele frequency < 1%) and novel DPYD genetic variants for identifying an additional fraction of DPD-deficient patients at increased risk of severe FL-related toxicity. In this review, we aimed to comprehensively describe the available evidence regarding the potential clinical predictive role of novel and rare DPYD variants as toxicity markers in FL-treated patients, and to discuss the challenges and opportunities in tailoring FL treatment based upon clinical application of such markers. Although we must overcome existing barriers to the clinical implementation, the available data support that comprehensive assessment of the DPYD sequence, including rare and novel genetic variants, may significantly enhance the pre-emptive identification of at-risk patients, compared to the current targeted approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena De Mattia
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, via Franco Gallini n. 2, 33081 Aviano (PN), Italy
| | - Noemi Milan
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, via Franco Gallini n. 2, 33081 Aviano (PN), Italy
| | - Yehuda G. Assaraf
- The Fred Wyszkowski Cancer Research Laboratory, Faculty of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Giuseppe Toffoli
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, via Franco Gallini n. 2, 33081 Aviano (PN), Italy
| | - Erika Cecchin
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, via Franco Gallini n. 2, 33081 Aviano (PN), Italy
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16
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Gitsi E, Livadas S, Argyrakopoulou G. Nutritional and exercise interventions to improve conception in women suffering from obesity and distinct nosological entities. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1426542. [PMID: 39006367 PMCID: PMC11239444 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1426542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Infertility among women, particularly those living with obesity, presents a multifaceted challenge with implications for reproductive health worldwide. Lifestyle interventions, mainly focusing on weight loss, have emerged as promising strategies to improve fertility outcomes in this population. This review aims to explore the effectiveness of various lifestyle interventions, encompassing dietary modifications and exercise regimens, in enhancing fertility outcomes among women with obesity and associated conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome, congenital adrenal hyperplasia, type 2 diabetes mellitus, premenopause, hypothyroidism and eating disorders. Methodology of study search encompass a broad spectrum, ranging from interventions targeting weight management through slow or rapid weight loss to dietary approaches emphasizing whole food groups, specific nutrients, and dietary patterns like low-carbohydrate or ketogenic diets, as well as the Mediterranean diet. By synthesizing existing findings and recommendations, this review contributes to the understanding of lifestyle interventions in addressing infertility, with an emphasis on the population of women of reproductive age with excess weight and known or unknown infertility issues, while promoting their integration into clinical practice to optimize reproductive health and overall well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evdoxia Gitsi
- Diabetes and Obesity Unit, Athens Medical Center, Athens, Greece
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17
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de Baumont AC, Cadore NA, Pedrotti LG, Curzel GD, Schuch JB, Bessel M, Bordignon C, Rosa ML, Macedo GDS, Rosa DD. Germline rare variants in HER2-positive breast cancer predisposition: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1395970. [PMID: 38978731 PMCID: PMC11228612 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1395970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Approximately 10% of breast cancer (BC) cases result from hereditary causes. Genetic testing has been widely implemented in BC care to determine hereditary cancer syndromes and personalized medicine. Thus, identification of individuals carrying germline pathogenic variants could be useful to provide appropriate prophylactic or screening measures for each BC subtype, however, there are few formal recommendations for genetic testing in this sense so far. In this study, we assessed rare germline variants in a specific group of genes in order to determine the association with human epidermal growth factor 2 enriched (HER2+) BC phenotype through a systematic review and meta-analysis comparing subtypes overexpressing HER2 with other clinically recognized subtypes of BC. This review was registered with PROSPERO (ID: CRD42023447571). Methods We conducted an online literature search in PubMed (MEDLINE), Scopus, and EMBASE databases. We included original studies that investigated germline variants in HER2+ BC patients and selected the studies that reported only rare and/or pathogenic germline variants. We assessed the risk of bias and quality of the studies using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal checklists and the Modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for Genetic Studies, respectively. Considering hormone receptor and HER2 expression status, we compared gene-based risks initially in HR-HER2-, HR+HER2-, HR+HER2+, and HR-HER2+ groups, conducting separate meta-analyses using the random effects model for each comparison, and within them for each gene. Results Of the total 36 studies describing germline variants, 11 studies provided information on the prevalence of variants in the different clinically relevant BC subtypes and allowed comparisons. Germline variants within eight genes showed significant differences when meta-analyzed between the BC groups: BRCA1, BRCA2, TP53, ATM, CHEK2, PALB2, RAD51C, and BARD1. Notably, TP53, ATM, and CHEK2 germline variants were identified as predisposing factors for HER2+ subtypes, whereas BRCA1, BRCA2, PALB2, RAD51C, and BARD1 germline variants were associated with a predisposition to low HER2 expression. Main concerns about bias and quality assessment were the lack of confounding factors control; and comparability or outcome assessment, respectively. Discussion Our findings underscore the connection between germline variants and differential expression of the HER2 protein and BC subtypes. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO, identifier CRD42023447571.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nathan Araujo Cadore
- Responsabilidade Social, Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Marina Bessel
- Responsabilidade Social, Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Cláudia Bordignon
- Responsabilidade Social, Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Mahira Lopes Rosa
- Responsabilidade Social, Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Daniela Dornelles Rosa
- Responsabilidade Social, Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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18
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Cerda IH, Zhang E, Dominguez M, Ahmed M, Lang M, Ashina S, Schatman ME, Yong RJ, Fonseca ACG. Artificial Intelligence and Virtual Reality in Headache Disorder Diagnosis, Classification, and Management. Curr Pain Headache Rep 2024:10.1007/s11916-024-01279-7. [PMID: 38836996 DOI: 10.1007/s11916-024-01279-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review provides an overview of the current and future role of artificial intelligence (AI) and virtual reality (VR) in addressing the complexities inherent to the diagnosis, classification, and management of headache disorders. RECENT FINDINGS Through machine learning and natural language processing approaches, AI offers unprecedented opportunities to identify patterns within complex and voluminous datasets, including brain imaging data. This technology has demonstrated promise in optimizing diagnostic approaches to headache disorders and automating their classification, an attribute particularly beneficial for non-specialist providers. Furthermore, AI can enhance headache disorder management by enabling the forecasting of acute events of interest, such as migraine headaches or medication overuse, and by guiding treatment selection based on insights from predictive modeling. Additionally, AI may facilitate the streamlining of treatment efficacy monitoring and enable the automation of real-time treatment parameter adjustments. VR technology, on the other hand, offers controllable and immersive experiences, thus providing a unique avenue for the investigation of the sensory-perceptual symptomatology associated with certain headache disorders. Moreover, recent studies suggest that VR, combined with biofeedback, may serve as a viable adjunct to conventional treatment. Addressing challenges to the widespread adoption of AI and VR in headache medicine, including reimbursement policies and data privacy concerns, mandates collaborative efforts from stakeholders to enable the equitable, safe, and effective utilization of these technologies in advancing headache disorder care. This review highlights the potential of AI and VR to support precise diagnostics, automate classification, and enhance management strategies for headache disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emily Zhang
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Moises Dominguez
- Department of Neurology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Min Lang
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sait Ashina
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael E Schatman
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative Care, and Pain Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Population Health-Division of Medical Ethics, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - R Jason Yong
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Alexandra C G Fonseca
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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19
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Shao B, Di L. Metastatic breast cancer with double heterozygosity for the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes responding to olaparib: A case report. Oncol Lett 2024; 27:253. [PMID: 38646498 PMCID: PMC11027096 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2024.14387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Olaparib was the first poly ADP-ribose polymerase inhibitor approved for patients with cancer with mutations in either BRCA1 or BRCA2 in China. To the best of our knowledge, however, no study has described the efficacy of olaparib for patients with breast cancer with double mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2. The present case report describes a patient with breast cancer with deleterious germline mutations in both BRCA1 and BRCA2. The 56-year-old patient with multiple metastatic breast cancer underwent breast cancer resection with 12 years interval between removal of the left and right breast. Germline mutations in both BRCA1 (S405X) and BRCA2 (W2990X) were identified by NGS. She received two cycles of chemotherapy with a combination of albumin-bound paclitaxel and capecitabine; the response was progressive disease. Subsequently, the patient was treated with a gradual dosage of decreasing olaparib (600 to 300 mg BID) for 6 months until grade 3 anemia could not be alleviated by giving erythropoietin and iron, and CT imaging showed a partial response (35% reduction). The patient then switched to exemestane therapy due to the continuous grade 3 anemia. In conclusion, the present study reported a female patient with double heterozygosity of BRCA1 and BRCA2 who benefited from olaparib monotherapy. Thus, olaparib may be a suitable treatment for such patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Shao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Breast Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, P.R. China
| | - Lijun Di
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Breast Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, P.R. China
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20
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Mao Z, Pang G, Huang X, Chen X, Wu J, Xu X, Teng Z, Tan Y, Wang P. Risk factors of immune checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis after neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy for resectable NSCLC. BMC Pulm Med 2024; 24:253. [PMID: 38783253 PMCID: PMC11112843 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-024-03041-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of checkpoint inhibitor-associated pneumonitis (CIP) in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has been substantiated through large-scale clinical trials or real-world studies. However, reports on CIP incidence within the context of neoadjuvant immunotherapy for resectable NSCLC remain scarce. This study endeavors to investigate the incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of CIP in patients with resectable NSCLC receiving neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy. METHODS A retrospective, case-control study was conducted on patients diagnosed with NSCLC stages IIA-IIIB who received neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy between January 2018 and September 2022. Patients were stratified into two groups based on the presence or absence of CIP, facilitating a comparative analysis of clinical characteristics, treatment modalities, physiological indicators, and prognostic outcomes . RESULTS The study cohort comprised 245 patients, with 11.4% (28/245) experiencing CIP. The median period of CIP onset was 70 (range, 40-221) days. The incidence of severe CIP (grade 3-4) was 3.7% (9/245). Patients with CIP showed a higher all-cause mortality rate of 21.4% (6/28) compared to that of patients without CIP. Those who developed CIP exhibited elevated body mass index (BMI) values (p = 0.028) and increased fibrinogen (FIB) levels (p < 0.001), alongside a significant decrease in both diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO)% pred (p = 0.001) and DLCO/VA% pred (p = 0.021) after neoadjuvant therapy compared to pre-indicators. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis showed that the area under the ROC curve of three assessed variables (FIB levels, BMI, DLCO) reached 0.806 in predicting CIP occurrence at an early stage. CONCLUSIONS This cohort demonstrated that elevated BMI, increased FIB levels, and decreased pulmonary diffusion function after neoadjuvant therapy are risk factors of CIP occurrence. Early assessment and continuous monitoring of these indicators are imperative for the predictive identification of CIP, enhancing patient management and outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhirong Mao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guanchao Pang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, 322000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaojie Huang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiuxiu Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiaji Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, 322000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xia Xu
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhihua Teng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, School of Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanbin Tan
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Pingli Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China.
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21
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Ahmad H, Ali A, Khalil AT, Ali R, Khan I, Khan MM, Ahmed I, Basharat Z, Alorini M, Mehmood A. Clinico-genomic findings, molecular docking, and mutational spectrum in an understudied population with breast cancer patients from KP, Pakistan. Front Genet 2024; 15:1383284. [PMID: 38784039 PMCID: PMC11111998 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1383284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, we report the mutational profiles, pathogenicity, and their association with different clinicopathologic and sociogenetic factors in patients with Pashtun ethnicity for the first time. A total of 19 FFPE blocks of invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) from the Breast Cancer (BC) tissue and 6 normal FFPE blocks were analyzed by whole-exome sequencing (WES). Various somatic and germline mutations were identified in cancer-related genes, i.e., ATM, CHEK2, PALB2, and XRCC2. Among a total of 18 mutations, 14 mutations were somatic and 4 were germline. The ATM gene exhibited the maximum number of mutations (11/18), followed by CHEK2 (3/18), PALB2 (3/18), and XRCC2 (1/18). Except one frameshift deletion, all other 17 mutations were nonsynonymous single-nucleotide variants (SNVs). SIFT prediction revealed 7/18 (38.8%) mutations as deleterious. PolyPhen-2 and MutationTaster identified 5/18 (27.7%) mutations as probably damaging and 10/18 (55.5%) mutations as disease-causing, respectively. Mutations like PALB2 p.Q559R (6/19; 31.5%), XRCC2 p.R188H (5/19; 26.31%), and ATM p.D1853N (4/19; 21.05%) were recurrent mutations and proposed to have a biomarker potential. The protein network prediction was performed using GeneMANIA and STRING. ISPRED-SEQ indicated three interaction site mutations which were further used for molecular dynamic simulation. An average increase in the radius of gyration was observed in all three mutated proteins revealing their perturbed folding behavior. Obtained SNVs were further correlated with various parameters related to the clinicopathological status of the tumors. Three mutation positions (ATM p. D1853N, CHEK2 p.M314I, and PALB2 p.T1029S) were found to be highly conserved. Finally, the wild- and mutant-type proteins were screened for two drugs: elagolix (DrugBank ID: DB11979) and LTS0102038 (a triterpenoid, isolated from the anticancer medicinal plant Fagonia indica). Comparatively, a higher number of interactions were noted for normal ATM with both compounds, as compared to mutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilal Ahmad
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences (IBMS), Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Asif Ali
- Institute of Pathology and Diagnostic Medicine (IPDM), Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
- College of Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
- School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Ali Talha Khalil
- Department of Pathology, Lady Reading Hospital Medical Teaching Institution, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Roshan Ali
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences (IBMS), Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Ishaq Khan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences (IBMS), Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Mah Muneer Khan
- Department of Surgery, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Medical Teaching Institution, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Ibrar Ahmed
- Alpha Genomics (Private) Limited, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Microbiological Analysis Team, Group for Biometrology, The Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Mohammed Alorini
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Unaizah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amna Mehmood
- Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
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22
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Kawai H, Miura T, Kawamatsu N, Nakagawa T, Shiba-Ishii A, Yoshimoto T, Amano Y, Kihara A, Sakuma Y, Fujita K, Shibano T, Ishikawa S, Ushiku T, Fukayama M, Tsubochi H, Endo S, Hagiwara K, Matsubara D, Niki T. Expression patterns of HNF4α, TTF-1, and SMARCA4 in lung adenocarcinomas: impacts on clinicopathological and genetic features. Virchows Arch 2024:10.1007/s00428-024-03816-6. [PMID: 38710944 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-024-03816-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION HNF4α expression and SMARCA4 loss were thought to be features of non-terminal respiratory unit (TRU)-type lung adenocarcinomas, but their relationships remained unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS HNF4α-positive cases among 241 lung adenocarcinomas were stratified based on TTF-1 and SMARCA4 expressions, histological subtypes, and driver mutations. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed using xenograft tumors of lung adenocarcinoma cell lines with high HNF4A expression. RESULT HNF4α-positive adenocarcinomas(n = 33) were divided into two groups: the variant group(15 mucinous, 2 enteric, and 1 colloid), where SMARCA4 was retained in all cases, and the conventional non-mucinous group(6 papillary, 5 solid, and 4 acinar), where SMARCA4 was lost in 3/15 cases(20%). All variant cases were negative for TTF-1 and showed wild-type EGFR and frequent KRAS mutations(10/18, 56%). The non-mucinous group was further divided into two groups: TRU-type(n = 7), which was positive for TTF-1 and showed predominantly papillary histology(6/7, 86%) and EGFR mutations(3/7, 43%), and non-TRU-type(n = 8), which was negative for TTF-1, showed frequent loss of SMARCA4(2/8, 25%) and predominantly solid histology(4/8, 50%), and never harbored EGFR mutations. Survival analysis of 230 cases based on histological grading and HNF4α expression revealed that HNF4α-positive poorly differentiated (grade 3) adenocarcinoma showed the worst prognosis. Among 39 cell lines, A549 showed the highest level of HNF4A, immunohistochemically HNF4α expression positive and SMARCA4 lost, and exhibited non-mucinous, high-grade morphology in xenograft tumors. CONCLUSION HNF4α-positive non-mucinous adenocarcinomas included TRU-type and non-TRU-type cases; the latter tended to exhibit the high-grade phenotype with frequent loss of SMARCA4, and A549 was a representative cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitomi Kawai
- Department of Pathology, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8574, Japan
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, University of Tsukuba Hospital, 2-1-1 Amakubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8576, Japan
| | - Tamaki Miura
- Department of Integrative Pathology, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Natsumi Kawamatsu
- Department of Pathology, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8574, Japan
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, University of Tsukuba Hospital, 2-1-1 Amakubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8576, Japan
| | - Tomoki Nakagawa
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, University of Tsukuba Hospital, 2-1-1 Amakubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8576, Japan
| | - Aya Shiba-Ishii
- Department of Pathology, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8574, Japan
| | - Taichiro Yoshimoto
- Department of Pathology, Showa General Hospital, 8-1-1 Hanakoganei, Kodaira-Shi, Tokyo, 187-851, Japan
| | - Yusuke Amano
- Department of Integrative Pathology, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kihara
- Department of Integrative Pathology, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Yuji Sakuma
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, 1-17, Minami Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Fujita
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsukeshi, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Tomoki Shibano
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsukeshi, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Shumpei Ishikawa
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Ushiku
- Human Pathology Department, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Masashi Fukayama
- Human Pathology Department, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Hiroyoshi Tsubochi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsukeshi, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Endo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsukeshi, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Koichi Hagiwara
- Omiya Medical Association Medical Examination Center, 2-107, Higashioonari-Chou, Kita-Ku, Saitama-Shi, Saitama, 331-8689, Japan
| | - Daisuke Matsubara
- Department of Pathology, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8574, Japan.
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, University of Tsukuba Hospital, 2-1-1 Amakubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8576, Japan.
- Department of Integrative Pathology, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan.
| | - Toshiro Niki
- Department of Integrative Pathology, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
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23
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Wang Y, Sun Y, Tan M, Lin X, Tai P, Huang X, Jin Q, Yuan D, Xu T, He B. Association Between Polymorphisms in DNA Damage Repair Pathway Genes and Female Breast Cancer Risk. DNA Cell Biol 2024; 43:219-231. [PMID: 38634815 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2023.0331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer risk have been discussed to be associated with polymorphisms in genes as well as abnormal DNA damage repair function. This study aims to assess the relationship between genes single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to DNA damage repair and female breast cancer risk in Chinese population. A case-control study containing 400 patients and 400 healthy controls was conducted. Genotype was identified using the sequence MassARRAY method and expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2) in tumor tissues was analyzed by immunohistochemistry assay. The results revealed that ATR rs13091637 decreased breast cancer risk influenced by ER, PR (CT/TT vs. CC: adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 1.54, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.04-2.27, p = 0.032; CT/TT vs. CC: adjusted OR = 1.63, 95%CI: 1.14-2.35, p = 0.008) expression. Stratified analysis revealed that PALB2 rs16940342 increased breast cancer risk in response to menstrual status (AG/GG vs. AA: adjusted OR = 1.72, 95%CI: 1.13-2.62, p = 0.011) and age of menarche (AG/GG vs. AA: adjusted OR = 1.54, 95%CI: 1.03-2.31, p = 0.037), whereas ATM rs611646 and Ku70 rs132793 were associated with reduced breast cancer risk influenced by menarche (GA/AA vs. GG: adjusted OR = 0.50, 95%CI: 0.30-0.95, p = 0.033). In a summary, PALB2 rs16940342, ATR rs13091637, ATM rs611646, and Ku70 rs132793 were associated with breast cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- School of Basic-Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Deparment of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yalan Sun
- School of Basic-Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Deparment of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mingjuan Tan
- Deparment of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Lin
- Deparment of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ping Tai
- Deparment of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoqin Huang
- Deparment of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qing Jin
- Deparment of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dan Yuan
- Deparment of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tao Xu
- Deparment of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bangshun He
- School of Basic-Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Deparment of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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24
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Carrera P, Odenthal J, Risse KS, Jung Y, Kuerschner L, Bülow MH. The CD36 scavenger receptor Bez regulates lipid redistribution from fat body to ovaries in Drosophila. Development 2024; 151:dev202551. [PMID: 38713014 DOI: 10.1242/dev.202551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Lipid distribution in an organism is mediated by the interplay between lipoprotein particles, lipoprotein receptors and class B scavenger receptors of the CD36 family. CD36 is a multifunctional protein mediating lipid uptake, mobilization and signaling at the plasma membrane and inside of the cell. The CD36 protein family has 14 members in Drosophila melanogaster, which allows for the differentiated analysis of their functions. Here, we unravel a role for the so far uncharacterized scavenger receptor Bez in lipid export from Drosophila adipocytes. Bez shares the lipid binding residue with CD36 and is expressed at the plasma membrane of the embryonic, larval and adult fat body. Bez loss of function lowers the organismal availability of storage lipids and blocks the maturation of egg chambers in ovaries. We demonstrate that Bez interacts with the APOB homolog Lipophorin at the plasma membrane of adipocytes and trace the Bez-dependent transfer of an alkyne-labeled fatty acid from adipocytes to Lipophorin. Our study demonstrates how lipids are distributed by scavenger receptor-lipoprotein interplay and contribute to the metabolic control of development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Carrera
- Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES), University of Bonn, Carl-Troll-Straße 31, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Johanna Odenthal
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, University Hospital Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Katharina S Risse
- Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES), University of Bonn, Carl-Troll-Straße 31, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Yerin Jung
- Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES), University of Bonn, Carl-Troll-Straße 31, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Lars Kuerschner
- Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES), University of Bonn, Carl-Troll-Straße 31, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Margret H Bülow
- Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES), University of Bonn, Carl-Troll-Straße 31, 53115 Bonn, Germany
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25
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Ahmad H, Ali A, Ali R, Khalil AT, Khan I, Khan MM, Alorini M. Preliminary insights on the mutational spectrum of BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes in Pakhtun ethnicity breast cancer patients from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan. Neoplasia 2024; 51:100989. [PMID: 38537553 PMCID: PMC11026844 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2024.100989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Gene mutations are a source of genetic instability which fuels the progression of cancer. Mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 are considered as major drivers in the progression of breast cancer and their detection indispensable for devising therapeutic and management approaches. The current study aims to identify novel pathogenic and recurrent mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 in Pakhtun population from the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. To determine the BRCA1 and BRCA2 pathogenic mutation prevalence in Pakhtun population from KP, whole exome sequencing of 19 patients along with 6 normal FFPE embedded blocks were performed. The pathogenicity of the mutations were determined and they were further correlated with different hormonal, sociogenetic and clinicopathological features. We obtained a total of 10 mutations (5 somatic and 5 germline) in BRCA1 while 27 mutations (24 somatic and 3 germline) for BRCA2. Five and seventeen pathogenic or deleterious mutations were identified in BRCA1 and BRCA2 respectively by examining the mutational spectrum through SIFT, PolyPhen-2 and Mutation Taster. Among the SNVs, BRCA1 p.P824L, BRCA2 p. P153Q, p.I180F, p.D559Y, p.G1529R, p.L1576F, p.E2229K were identified as mutations of the interaction sites as predicted by the deep algorithm based ISPRED-SEQ prediction tool. SAAFEQ-SEQ web-based algorithm was used to calculate the changes in free energy and effect of SNVs on protein stability. All SNVs were found to have a destabilizing effect on the protein. ConSurf database was used to determine the evolutionary conservation scores and nature of the mutated residues. Gromacs 4.5 was used for the molecular simulations. Ramachandran plots were generated using procheck server. STRING and GeneMania was used for prediction of the gene interactions. The highest number of mutations (BRCA1 7/10, 70 %) were on exon 9 and (BRCA2, 11/27; 40 %) were on exon 11. 40 % and 60 % of the BRCA2 mutations were associated Grade 2 and Grade 3 tumors respectively. The present study reveals unique BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations in Pakhtun population. We further suggest sequencing of the large cohorts for further characterizing the pathogenic mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilal Ahmad
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences (IBMS), Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan
| | - Asif Ali
- Institute of Pathology and Diagnostic Medicine (IPDM), Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan; College of Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates; School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, UK.
| | - Roshan Ali
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences (IBMS), Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan
| | - Ali Talha Khalil
- Department of Pathology, Lady Reading Hospital Medical Teaching Institution, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
| | - Ishaq Khan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences (IBMS), Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan
| | - Mah Muneer Khan
- Department of Surgery, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Medical Teaching Institution, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan
| | - Mohammed Alorini
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Unaizah College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unaizah, Saudi Arabia
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26
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Steinberger AE, Westfal ML, Wise PE. Surgical Decision-Making in Familial Adenomatous Polyposis. Clin Colon Rectal Surg 2024; 37:191-197. [PMID: 38617844 PMCID: PMC11007598 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1770732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is an autosomal dominant disorder affecting patients with germline mutations of the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) tumor suppressor gene. The surgical treatment of colorectal disease in FAP, which has the goal of colorectal cancer prevention, varies based on both patient and disease factors but can include the following: total colectomy with ileorectal anastomosis, proctocolectomy with stapled or hand-sewn ileal pouch-anal anastomosis, or total proctocolectomy with end ileostomy. The operative options and extent of resection, as well as the use of endoscopy and chemoprevention for the management of polyposis, will be discussed in detail in this article. In addition, commonly debated management decisions related to the treatment of patients with FAP, including the timing of prophylactic colorectal resections for patients with FAP and management of the polyp burden in the rectum, will be discussed. Finally, genotype considerations and the impact of desmoid disease on operative decisions in the setting of FAP will also be reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allie E. Steinberger
- Section of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Maggie L. Westfal
- Section of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Paul E. Wise
- Section of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
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27
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Sommovilla J, Shepard D, Liska D. Management of Desmoid Disease in Familial Adenomatous Polyposis. Clin Colon Rectal Surg 2024; 37:185-190. [PMID: 38606047 PMCID: PMC11006445 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1770731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Desmoid disease, though technically a benign condition, is nevertheless a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). Desmoid disease impacts approximately 30% of FAP patients, with several known risk factors. It runs the gamut in terms of severity-ranging from small, slow-growing asymptomatic lesions to large, focally destructive, life-threatening masses. Desmoids usually occur following surgery, and several patient risk factors have been established, including female sex, family history of desmoid disease, 3' APC mutation, and extraintestinal manifestations of FAP. Desmoid disease-directed therapy is individualized and impacted by desmoid stage, severity, postsurgical anatomy, and consequences of disease. Medical therapy consists of options in multiple classes of drugs: nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, hormonal therapy, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, and cytotoxic agents. Surgical excision is sometimes an option, but can be limited by common location of disease at the root of the small bowel mesentery. Palliative surgical treatments are often considered in management of desmoid disease. Intestinal transplantation for severe desmoid disease is an emerging and promising option, though long-term data on efficacy and survival is limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Sommovilla
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Digestive Disease and Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
- Sanford R Weiss MD Center for Hereditary Colorectal Neoplasia, Digestive Disease and Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Dale Shepard
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - David Liska
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Digestive Disease and Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
- Sanford R Weiss MD Center for Hereditary Colorectal Neoplasia, Digestive Disease and Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
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28
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Sciarra A, Lungu A, Bénière C, Facchi S, Tibiletti MG, Chiaravalli AM, Fournier I, Rey JP, Letovanec I, La Rosa S. Molecular Demonstration of the Tumorigenic Role of APC in Pancreatic Solid Pseudopapillary Neoplasm Widens the Spectrum of FAP-Associated Neoplasms. Pancreas 2024; 53:e466-e467. [PMID: 38728213 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000002347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
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29
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Mashayekh-Amiri S, Asghari Jafarabadi M, Molaie B, Rashidi F, Hemati E, Aliasghari F, Mirghafourvand M. Validation and measurement properties of the Male and Female Fertility Knowledge Inventories (MFKI and FFKI) in Iranian couples. Reprod Health 2024; 21:57. [PMID: 38649965 DOI: 10.1186/s12978-024-01795-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the most important population challenges during the last three decades has been the significant decrease in the fertility rate worldwide. Since the validity and reliability of the Male and Female Fertility Knowledge Inventories (MFKI and FFKI) have not been determined in Iran, we conducted this study to assess psychometric characteristics of the MFKI and FFKI in couples in Tabriz and Urmia, Iran. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study, as the first part (quantitative phase) of a sequential explanatory mixed-method study. The current study was done on 1200 participants (600 women with their husbands) living in the northwestern region of Iran, between January 2023 and September 2023. The psychometric properties of the Persian version of the tool (MFKI and FFKI) were performed in 5 stages, including translation process, content validity, face validity, construct validity and reliability assesment. RESULTS In this study, the CVI, CVR, and impact scores of the MFKI tool were equal to 0.90, 0.88, 3.26 and CVI, CVR, and Impact scores of the FFKI tool were respectively equal to 0.95, 0.91 and 3.59, that it indicated a satisfactory level of content and face validity. Then, to check the construct validity, the results of the exploratory factor analysis of the MFKI tool on 13 items led to the identification of 3 factors, including Environment and reproductive health (ERH), Lifestyle factors (LSF) and Sperm quality (SQ), which explained 66% of the cumulative variance. The results of the exploratory factor analysis of the FFKI tool on 15 items led to the identification of 4 factors, including Reproductive health (RH), Lifestyle factors (LSF), Chance of conception (CHC) and Ovarian reserve and preservation (ORP), which explained 68% of the cumulative variance. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study indicated that the Persian version of MFKI and FFKI has acceptable psychometric properties to measure the awareness of Iranian couples regarding fertility, which can be used as a screening tool for fertility knowledge by health care professionals and also as a reliable tool in research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Mashayekh-Amiri
- Student of Midwifery, Students Research Committee, Midwifery Department, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Asghari Jafarabadi
- Cabrini Research, Cabrini Health, Malvern, VIC, 3144, Australia
- School of Public Health and Preventative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, VIC, 3800, Australia
- Road Traffic Injury Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behnam Molaie
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Science, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Rashidi
- Students Research Committee, Midwifery Department, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Elnaz Hemati
- Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Aliasghari
- Reproductive Health Research Center, Midwifery Department, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Mojgan Mirghafourvand
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Karcini A, Mercier NR, Lazar IM. Proteomic Assessment of SKBR3/HER2+ Breast Cancer Cellular Response to Lapatinib and Investigational Ipatasertib Kinase Inhibitors. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.02.587656. [PMID: 38617302 PMCID: PMC11014527 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.02.587656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Modern cancer treatment approaches aim at achieving cancer remission by using targeted and personalized therapies, as well as harnessing the power of the immune system to recognize and eliminate the cancer cells. To overcome a relatively short-lived response due to the development of resistance to the administered drugs, combination therapies have been pursued, as well. To expand the outlook of combination therapies, the objective of this study was to use high-throughput data generation technologies such as mass spectrometry and proteomics to investigate the response of HER2+ breast cancer cells to a mixture of two kinase inhibitors that has not been adopted yet as a standard treatment regime. The broader landscape of biological processes that are affected by inhibiting two major pathways that sustain the growth and survival of cancer cells, i.e., EGFR and PI3K/AKT, was investigated by treating SKBR3/HER2+ breast cancer cells with Lapatinib or a mixture of Lapatinib/Ipatasertib small molecule drugs. Changes in protein expression and/or activity in response to the drug treatments were assessed by using two complementary quantitative proteomic approaches based on peak area and peptide spectrum match measurements. Over 900 proteins matched by three unique peptide sequences (FDR<0.05) were affected by the exposure of cells to the drugs. The work corroborated the anti-proliferative activity of Lapatinib and Ipatasertib, and, in addition to cell cycle and growth arrest processes enabled the identification of several multi-functional proteins with roles in cancer-supportive hallmark processes. Among these, immune response, adhesion and migration emerged as particularly relevant to the ability to effectively suppress the proliferation and dissemination of cancer cells. The supplementation of Lapatinib with Ipatasertib further affected the expression or activity of additional transcription factors and proteins involved in gene expression, trafficking, DNA repair, and development of multidrug resistance. Furthermore, over fifty of the affected proteins represented approved or investigational targets in the DrugBank database, which through their protein-protein interaction networks can inform the selection of effective therapeutic partners. Altogether, our findings exposed a broad plethora of yet untapped opportunities that can be further explored for enhancing the anti-cancer effects of each drug as well as of many other multi-drug therapies that target the EGFR/ERBB2 and PI3K/AKT pathways. The data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD051094.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arba Karcini
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060; Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, 1981 Kraft Drive, Blacksburg, VA 24061
| | - Nicole R. Mercier
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060; Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, 1981 Kraft Drive, Blacksburg, VA 24061
| | - Iulia M. Lazar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060; Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, 1981 Kraft Drive, Blacksburg, VA 24061
- Fralin Life Sciences Institute, Virginia Tech, 1981 Kraft Drive, Blacksburg, VA 24061
- Division of Systems Biology, Virginia Tech, 1981 Kraft Drive, Blacksburg, VA 24061
- Carilion School of Medicine, Virginia Tech, 1981 Kraft Drive, Blacksburg, VA 24061
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31
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Sadien ID, Davies RJ, Wheeler JMD. The genomics of sporadic and hereditary colorectal cancer. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2024; 106:313-320. [PMID: 38555871 PMCID: PMC10981993 DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2024.0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Over the past three decades, extensive efforts have sought to elucidate the genomic landscape of CRC. These studies reveal that CRC is highly heterogeneous at the molecular level, with different subtypes characterised by distinct somatic mutational profiles, epigenetic aberrations and transcriptomic signatures. This review summarises our current understanding of the genomic and epigenomic alterations implicated in CRC development and progression. Particular focus is given to how characterisation of CRC genomes is leading to more personalised approaches to diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - JMD Wheeler
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK
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32
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Adle-Biassette H, Ricci R, Martin A, Martini M, Ravegnini G, Kaci R, Gélébart P, Poirot B, Sándor Z, Lehman-Che J, Tóth E, Papp B. Sarco/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 3 (SERCA3) expression in gastrointestinal stromal tumours. Pathology 2024; 56:343-356. [PMID: 38184384 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2023.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Accurate characterisation of gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GIST) is important for prognosis and the choice of targeted therapies. Histologically the diagnosis relies on positive immunostaining of tumours for KIT (CD117) and DOG1. Here we report that GISTs also abundantly express the type 3 Sarco/Endoplasmic Reticulum Calcium ATPase (SERCA3). SERCA enzymes transport calcium ions from the cytosol into the endoplasmic reticulum and play an important role in regulating the intensity and the periodicity of calcium-induced cell activation. GISTs from various localisations, histological and molecular subtypes or risk categories were intensely immunopositive for SERCA3 with the exception of PDGFRA-mutated cases where expression was high or moderate. Strong SERCA3 expression was observed also in normal and hyperplastic interstitial cells of Cajal. Decreased SERCA3 expression in GIST was exceptionally observed in a zonal pattern, where CD117 staining was similarly decreased, reflecting clonal heterogeneity. In contrast to GIST, SERCA3 immunostaining of spindle cell tumours and other gastrointestinal tumours resembling GIST was negative or weak. In conclusion, SERCA3 immunohistochemistry may be useful for the diagnosis of GIST with high confidence, when used as a third marker in parallel with KIT and DOG1. Moreover, SERCA3 immunopositivity may be particularly helpful in cases with negative or weak KIT or DOG1 staining, a situation that may be encountered de novo, or during the spontaneous or therapy-induced clonal evolution of GIST.
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Affiliation(s)
- Homa Adle-Biassette
- Service d'Anatomie et Cytologie Pathologiques, Hôpital Lariboisière, and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Université de Paris, Paris, France; INSERM NeuroDiderot, DMU DREAM, France
| | - Riccardo Ricci
- Department of Pathology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy; UOC di Anatomia Patologica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Antoine Martin
- Service d'Anatomie et Cytologie Pathologiques, Hôpital Avicenne, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; Inserm UMR U978, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Alliance Sorbonne Paris Cité, Labex Inflamex, Bobigny, France
| | - Maurizio Martini
- Dipartimento di patologia umana dell'adulto e dell'età evolutiva 'Gaetano Barresi' Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico 'G. Martino', Messina, Italy
| | - Gloria Ravegnini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBit), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Rachid Kaci
- Service d'Anatomie et Cytologie Pathologiques, Hôpital Lariboisière, and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Pascal Gélébart
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Brigitte Poirot
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Zsuzsanna Sándor
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Jacqueline Lehman-Che
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; INSERM UMR U976, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France; Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, Université de Paris, France
| | - Erika Tóth
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bela Papp
- INSERM UMR U976, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France; Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, Université de Paris, France; CEA, DRF-Institut Francois Jacob, Department of Hemato-Immunology Research, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France.
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Klobodu C, Vitolins MZ, Deutsch JM, Fisher K, Nasser JA, Stott D, Murray MJ, Curtis L, Milliron BJ. Examining the Role of Nutrition in Cancer Survivorship and Female Fertility: A Narrative Review. Curr Dev Nutr 2024; 8:102134. [PMID: 38584676 PMCID: PMC10997918 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.102134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Female cancer survivors have a higher chance of experiencing infertility than females without a history of cancer diagnosis. This risk remains high despite advances in fertility treatments. There is a need to augment fertility treatments with cost-effective methods such as nutritional guidance to improve fertility chances. The aim of this review article is to connect the current literature on cancer survivorship nutrition and fertility nutrition, focusing on the importance of integrating nutritional guidance into fertility counseling, assessment, and treatment for female cancer survivors. Consuming a healthful diet comprising whole grains, soy, fruits, vegetables, seafood, and unsaturated fats has improved both female fertility and cancer survivorship. Similarly, maintaining a healthy body weight also improves female fertility and cancer survivorship. Therefore, dietary interventions to support female cancer survivors with fertility challenges are of immense importance. The period of follow-up fertility counseling and assessment after cancer treatment may provide a unique opportunity for implementing nutritional guidance for female cancer survivors. Dietary interventions are a promising strategy to improve pregnancy chances and overall quality of life among female cancer survivors; thus, researchers should investigate perceptions regarding fertility, barriers, and challenges to changing nutrition-related behaviors, and preferences for nutritional guidance to support fertility treatments in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Klobodu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, California State University, Chico, College of Natural Sciences, CA, United States
| | - Mara Z Vitolins
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Jonathan M Deutsch
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Nursing and Health Professions, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Kathleen Fisher
- Department of Nursing, College of Nursing and Health Professions, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Jennifer A Nasser
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Nursing and Health Professions, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Dahlia Stott
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Nursing and Health Professions, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Michael J Murray
- Northern California Fertility Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Laura Curtis
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, California State University, Chico, College of Natural Sciences, CA, United States
| | - Brandy-Joe Milliron
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Nursing and Health Professions, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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Filip CI, Cătană A, Kutasi E, Roman SA, Militaru MS, Risteiu GA, Dindelengan GC. Breast Cancer Screening and Prophylactic Mastectomy for High-Risk Women in Romania. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:570. [PMID: 38674216 PMCID: PMC11052261 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60040570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer remains a significant contributor to morbidity and mortality within oncology. Risk factors, encompassing genetic and environmental influences, significantly contribute to its prevalence. While germline mutations, notably within the BRCA genes, are commonly associated with heightened breast cancer risk, a spectrum of other variants exists among affected individuals. Diagnosis relies on imaging techniques, biopsies, biomarkers, and genetic testing, facilitating personalised risk assessment through specific scoring systems. Breast cancer screening programs employing mammography and other imaging modalities play a crucial role in early detection and management, leading to improved outcomes for affected individuals. Regular screening enables the identification of suspicious lesions or abnormalities at earlier stages, facilitating timely intervention and potentially reducing mortality rates associated with breast cancer. Genetic mutations guide screening protocols, prophylactic interventions, treatment modalities, and patient prognosis. Prophylactic measures encompass a range of interventions, including chemoprevention, hormonal inhibition, oophorectomy, and mastectomy. Despite their efficacy in mitigating breast cancer incidence, these interventions carry potential side effects and psychological implications, necessitating comprehensive counselling tailored to individual cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudiu Ioan Filip
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Burn Unit, Emergency District Hospital, 400535 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (C.I.F.); (G.C.D.)
- First Surgical Clinic, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andreea Cătană
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.C.); (E.K.); (S.A.R.); (G.A.R.)
- Department of Oncogeneticcs, Institute of Oncology, “Prof. Dr. I. Chiricuță”, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Regional Laboratory Cluj-Napoca, Department of Medical Genetics, Regina Maria Health Network, 400363 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Eniko Kutasi
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.C.); (E.K.); (S.A.R.); (G.A.R.)
| | - Sara Alexia Roman
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.C.); (E.K.); (S.A.R.); (G.A.R.)
| | - Mariela Sanda Militaru
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.C.); (E.K.); (S.A.R.); (G.A.R.)
- Regional Laboratory Cluj-Napoca, Department of Medical Genetics, Regina Maria Health Network, 400363 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Giulia Andreea Risteiu
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.C.); (E.K.); (S.A.R.); (G.A.R.)
| | - George Călin Dindelengan
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Burn Unit, Emergency District Hospital, 400535 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (C.I.F.); (G.C.D.)
- First Surgical Clinic, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Scaini MC, Catoni C, Poggiana C, Pigozzo J, Piccin L, Leone K, Scarabello I, Facchinetti A, Menin C, Elefanti L, Pellegrini S, Aleotti V, Vidotto R, Schiavi F, Fabozzi A, Chiarion-Sileni V, Rosato A. A multiparameter liquid biopsy approach allows to track melanoma dynamics and identify early treatment resistance. NPJ Precis Oncol 2024; 8:78. [PMID: 38548846 PMCID: PMC10978909 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-024-00567-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Melanoma heterogeneity is a hurdle in metastatic disease management. Although the advent of targeted therapy has significantly improved patient outcomes, the occurrence of resistance makes monitoring of the tumor genetic landscape mandatory. Liquid biopsy could represent an important biomarker for the real-time tracing of disease evolution. Thus, we aimed to correlate liquid biopsy dynamics with treatment response and progression by devising a multiplatform approach applied to longitudinal melanoma patient monitoring. We conceived an approach that exploits Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) and droplet digital PCR, as well as the FDA-cleared platform CellSearch, to analyze circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) trend and circulating melanoma cell (CMC) count, together with their customized genetic and copy number variation analysis. The approach was applied to 17 stage IV melanoma patients treated with BRAF/MEK inhibitors, followed for up to 28 months. BRAF mutations were detected in the plasma of 82% of patients. Single nucleotide variants known or suspected to confer resistance were identified in 70% of patients. Moreover, the amount of ctDNA, both at baseline and during response, correlated with the type and duration of the response itself, and the CMC count was confirmed to be a prognostic biomarker. This work provides proof of principle of the power of this approach and paves the way for a validation study aimed at evaluating early ctDNA-guided treatment decisions in stage IV melanoma. The NGS-based molecular profile complemented the analysis of ctDNA trend and, together with CMC analysis, revealed to be useful in capturing tumor evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Chiara Scaini
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology - IOV IRCCS, Padua, Italy.
| | - Cristina Catoni
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology - IOV IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Cristina Poggiana
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology - IOV IRCCS, Padua, Italy.
| | - Jacopo Pigozzo
- Medical Oncology 2, Veneto Institute of Oncology - IOV IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Luisa Piccin
- Medical Oncology 2, Veneto Institute of Oncology - IOV IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Kevin Leone
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology - IOV IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Ilaria Scarabello
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology - IOV IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Antonella Facchinetti
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology - IOV IRCCS, Padua, Italy
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology (DiSCOG), Oncology Section, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Chiara Menin
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology - IOV IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Lisa Elefanti
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology - IOV IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Stefania Pellegrini
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology - IOV IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Valentina Aleotti
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology - IOV IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Riccardo Vidotto
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology - IOV IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Francesca Schiavi
- Familial Cancer Clinic, Veneto Institute of Oncology - IOV IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Alessio Fabozzi
- Oncology Unit 3, Veneto Institute of Oncology - IOV IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Rosato
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology - IOV IRCCS, Padua, Italy
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology (DiSCOG), Oncology Section, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
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Vecoli C, Caselli C, Modena M, Todiere G, Poddighe R, Valente S, Bandini F, Natali A, Ghiadoni L, Clerico A, Prontera C, Vittorini S, Botto N, Emdin M, Neglia D. Low HDL cholesterol and the eNOS Glu298Asp polymorphism are associated with inducible myocardial ischemia in patients with suspected stable coronary artery disease. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2024; 24:176. [PMID: 38519897 PMCID: PMC10958845 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-024-03846-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene deficiency is known to cause impaired coronary vasodilating capability in animal models. In the general clinical population, the eNOS gene polymorphisms, able to affect eNOS activity, were associated with cardiometabolic risk features and prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD). AIM To investigate the association of eNOS Glu298Asp gene polymorphism, cardiometabolic profile, obstructive CAD and inducible myocardial ischemia in patients with suspected stable CAD. METHODS A total of 506 patients (314 males; mean age 62 ± 9 years) referred for suspected CAD was enrolled. Among these, 325 patients underwent stress ECG or cardiac imaging to assess the presence of inducible myocardial ischemia and 436 patients underwent non-invasive computerized tomography or invasive coronary angiography to assess the presence of obstructive CAD. Clinical characteristics and blood samples were collected for each patient. RESULTS In the whole population, 49.6% of patients were homozygous for the Glu298 genotype (Glu/Glu), 40.9% heterozygotes (Glu/Asp) and 9.5% homozygous for the 298Asp genotype (Asp/Asp). Obstructive CAD was documented in 178/436 (40.8%) patients undergoing coronary angiography while myocardial ischemia in 160/325 (49.2%) patients undergoing stress testing. Patients with eNOS Asp genotype (Glu/Asp + Asp/Asp) had no significant differences in clinical risk factors and in circulating markers. Independent predictors of obstructive CAD were age, gender, obesity, and low HDL-C. Independent predictors of myocardial ischemia were gender, obesity, low HDL-C and Asp genotype. In the subpopulation in which both stress tests and coronary angiography were performed, the Asp genotype remained associated with increased myocardial ischemia risk after adjustment for obstructive CAD. CONCLUSION In this population, low-HDL cholesterol was the only cardiometabolic risk determinant of obstructive CAD. The eNOS Glu298Asp gene polymorphism was significantly associated with inducible myocardial ischemia independently of other risk factors and presence of obstructive CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Vecoli
- Institute of Clinical Physiology-CNR, Via G. Moruzzi 1, Pisa, Italy.
- Cardiovascular Department, Gabriele Monasterio Foundation, Via G. Moruzzi 1, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Chiara Caselli
- Institute of Clinical Physiology-CNR, Via G. Moruzzi 1, Pisa, Italy
- Cardiovascular Department, Gabriele Monasterio Foundation, Via G. Moruzzi 1, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Giancarlo Todiere
- Cardiovascular Department, Gabriele Monasterio Foundation, Via G. Moruzzi 1, Pisa, Italy
| | - Rosa Poddighe
- Ospedale Della Versilia, Lido Di Camaiore, Lucca, Italy
| | | | | | - Andrea Natali
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Ghiadoni
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Aldo Clerico
- Cardiovascular Department, Gabriele Monasterio Foundation, Via G. Moruzzi 1, Pisa, Italy
| | - Concetta Prontera
- Cardiovascular Department, Gabriele Monasterio Foundation, Via G. Moruzzi 1, Pisa, Italy
| | - Simona Vittorini
- Cardiovascular Department, Gabriele Monasterio Foundation, Via G. Moruzzi 1, Pisa, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Botto
- Cardiovascular Department, Gabriele Monasterio Foundation, Via G. Moruzzi 1, Pisa, Italy
| | - Michele Emdin
- Cardiovascular Department, Gabriele Monasterio Foundation, Via G. Moruzzi 1, Pisa, Italy
- Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, Pisa, Italy
| | - Danilo Neglia
- Cardiovascular Department, Gabriele Monasterio Foundation, Via G. Moruzzi 1, Pisa, Italy.
- Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, Pisa, Italy.
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37
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Khan L, Shahreen M, Qazi A, Jamil Ahmed Shah S, Hussain S, Chang HT. Migraine headache (MH) classification using machine learning methods with data augmentation. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5180. [PMID: 38431729 PMCID: PMC10908834 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55874-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Migraine headache, a prevalent and intricate neurovascular disease, presents significant challenges in its clinical identification. Existing techniques that use subjective pain intensity measures are insufficiently accurate to make a reliable diagnosis. Even though headaches are a common condition with poor diagnostic specificity, they have a significant negative influence on the brain, body, and general human function. In this era of deeply intertwined health and technology, machine learning (ML) has emerged as a crucial force in transforming every aspect of healthcare, utilizing advanced facilities ML has shown groundbreaking achievements related to developing classification and automatic predictors. With this, deep learning models, in particular, have proven effective in solving complex problems spanning computer vision and data analytics. Consequently, the integration of ML in healthcare has become vital, especially in developing countries where limited medical resources and lack of awareness prevail, the urgent need to forecast and categorize migraines using artificial intelligence (AI) becomes even more crucial. By training these models on a publicly available dataset, with and without data augmentation. This study focuses on leveraging state-of-the-art ML algorithms, including support vector machine (SVM), K-nearest neighbors (KNN), random forest (RF), decision tree (DST), and deep neural networks (DNN), to predict and classify various types of migraines. The proposed models with data augmentations were trained to classify seven various types of migraine. The proposed models with data augmentations were trained to classify seven various types of migraine. The revealed results show that DNN, SVM, KNN, DST, and RF achieved an accuracy of 99.66%, 94.60%, 97.10%, 88.20%, and 98.50% respectively with data augmentation highlighting the transformative potential of AI in enhancing migraine diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lal Khan
- Department of Computer Science, Ibadat International University Islamabad Pakpattan Campus, Pakpattan, Pakistan
| | - Moudasra Shahreen
- Department of Computer Science, Mir Chakar Khan Rind University, Sibi, Pakistan
| | - Atika Qazi
- Centre for Lifelong Learning, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei Darussalam
| | | | - Sabir Hussain
- Department of Agriculture, Mir Chakar Khan Rind University, Sibi, Pakistan
| | - Hsien-Tsung Chang
- Bachelor Program in Artificial Intelligence, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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38
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Rosenblum LS, Auger SM, Zhu H, Zhou Z, Xin W, Reiner J, Wolf Z, Leach NT. Prenatal Testing for Variants in Genes Associated with Hereditary Cancer Risk: Laboratory Experience and Considerations. J Mol Diagn 2024; 26:202-212. [PMID: 38171482 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmoldx.2023.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Prenatal molecular genetic testing for familial variants that cause inherited disorders has been performed for decades and is accepted as standard of care. However, the spectrum of genes considered for prenatal testing is expanding because of genetic testing for hereditary cancer risk (HCR) and inclusion of conditions with associated cancer risk in carrier screening panels. A few of these disorders, such as ataxia telangiectasia and Bloom syndrome, include increased cancer risk as part of the phenotype, already meet professional guidelines for prenatal testing, and may be associated with increased cancer risk in heterozygous carriers. In addition, recent studies implicate heterozygosity for variants in lysosomal storage disease genes in HCR etiology. Currently, there is no specific professional guidance regarding prenatal testing for HCR. To determine the prevalence of such testing, we reviewed 1345 consecutive prenatal specimens received in our laboratory for familial variant-specific testing and identified 65 (4.8%) with a known or likely HCR component, plus 210 (15.6%) for lysosomal storage disease. These specimens were classified into five distinct categories for clarity and to enable evaluation. Our experience assessing prenatal specimens for variants associated with HCR, with or without a constitutional phenotype, provides metrics for and contributes to the points to consider in prenatal testing for HCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynne S Rosenblum
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, Labcorp, Westborough, Massachusetts.
| | - Stephanie M Auger
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, Labcorp, Westborough, Massachusetts
| | - Hui Zhu
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, Labcorp, Westborough, Massachusetts
| | - Zhaoqing Zhou
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, Labcorp, Westborough, Massachusetts
| | - Winnie Xin
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, Labcorp, Westborough, Massachusetts
| | - Jennifer Reiner
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, Labcorp, Westborough, Massachusetts
| | - Zena Wolf
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, Labcorp, Westborough, Massachusetts
| | - Natalia T Leach
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, Labcorp, Westborough, Massachusetts
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Piergentili R, Marinelli E, Cucinella G, Lopez A, Napoletano G, Gullo G, Zaami S. miR-125 in Breast Cancer Etiopathogenesis: An Emerging Role as a Biomarker in Differential Diagnosis, Regenerative Medicine, and the Challenges of Personalized Medicine. Noncoding RNA 2024; 10:16. [PMID: 38525735 PMCID: PMC10961778 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna10020016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast Cancer (BC) is one of the most common cancer types worldwide, and it is characterized by a complex etiopathogenesis, resulting in an equally complex classification of subtypes. MicroRNA (miRNA or miR) are small non-coding RNA molecules that have an essential role in gene expression and are significantly linked to tumor development and angiogenesis in different types of cancer. Recently, complex interactions among coding and non-coding RNA have been elucidated, further shedding light on the complexity of the roles these molecules fulfill in cancer formation. In this context, knowledge about the role of miR in BC has significantly improved, highlighting the deregulation of these molecules as additional factors influencing BC occurrence, development and classification. A considerable number of papers has been published over the past few years regarding the role of miR-125 in human pathology in general and in several types of cancer formation in particular. Interestingly, miR-125 family members have been recently linked to BC formation as well, and complex interactions (competing endogenous RNA networks, or ceRNET) between this molecule and target mRNA have been described. In this review, we summarize the state-of-the-art about research on this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Piergentili
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Italian National Research Council (CNR-IBPM), 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Enrico Marinelli
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy;
| | - Gaspare Cucinella
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Villa Sofia Cervello Hospital, University of Palermo, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (G.C.); (A.L.); (G.G.)
| | - Alessandra Lopez
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Villa Sofia Cervello Hospital, University of Palermo, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (G.C.); (A.L.); (G.G.)
| | - Gabriele Napoletano
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopedic Sciences, Section of Forensic Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Gullo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Villa Sofia Cervello Hospital, University of Palermo, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (G.C.); (A.L.); (G.G.)
| | - Simona Zaami
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopedic Sciences, Section of Forensic Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy;
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Stein AP, Harder J, Holmes HR, Merz CNB, Pepine CJ, Keeley EC. Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e032137. [PMID: 38348798 PMCID: PMC11010085 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.032137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Coronary microvascular dysfunction is an underdiagnosed pathologic process that is associated with adverse clinical outcomes. There are data to suggest that coronary microvascular dysfunction, in some cases, may be genetically determined. We present an updated review of single nucleotide polymorphisms in coronary microvascular dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - C. Noel Bairey Merz
- Barbra Streisand Women’s Heart CenterSmidt Heart Institute, Cedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Carl J. Pepine
- Department of MedicineUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA
- Division of Cardiovascular MedicineUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA
| | - Ellen C. Keeley
- Department of MedicineUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA
- Division of Cardiovascular MedicineUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA
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Radhakrishnan V, Kaifi JT, Suvilesh KN. Circulating Tumor Cells: How Far Have We Come with Mining These Seeds of Metastasis? Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:816. [PMID: 38398206 PMCID: PMC10887304 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16040816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are cancer cells that slough off from the tumor and circulate in the peripheral blood and lymphatic system as micro metastases that eventually results in macro metastases. Through a simple blood draw, sensitive CTC detection from clinical samples has proven to be a useful tool for determining the prognosis of cancer. Recent technological developments now make it possible to detect CTCs reliably and repeatedly from a simple and straightforward blood test. Multicenter trials to assess the clinical value of CTCs have demonstrated the prognostic value of these cancer cells. Studies on CTCs have filled huge knowledge gap in understanding the process of metastasis since their identification in the late 19th century. However, these rare cancer cells have not been regularly used to tailor precision medicine and or identify novel druggable targets. In this review, we have attempted to summarize the milestones of CTC-based research from the time of identification to molecular characterization. Additionally, the need for a paradigm shift in dissecting these seeds of metastasis and the possible future avenues to improve CTC-based discoveries are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Radhakrishnan
- Department of Surgery, Ellis Fischel Cancer Center, Roy Blunt NextGen Precision Health Institute, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; (V.R.); (J.T.K.)
| | - Jussuf T. Kaifi
- Department of Surgery, Ellis Fischel Cancer Center, Roy Blunt NextGen Precision Health Institute, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; (V.R.); (J.T.K.)
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans’ Hospital, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
| | - Kanve N. Suvilesh
- Department of Surgery, Ellis Fischel Cancer Center, Roy Blunt NextGen Precision Health Institute, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; (V.R.); (J.T.K.)
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans’ Hospital, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
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Uddandrao VVS, Brahma Naidu P, Chandrasekaran P, Saravanan G. Pathophysiology of obesity-related infertility and its prevention and treatment by potential phytotherapeutics. Int J Obes (Lond) 2024; 48:147-165. [PMID: 37963998 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-023-01411-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is a complex multifactorial disease in which the accumulation of excess body fat has adverse health effects, as it can increase the risk of several problems, including infertility, in both men and women. Obesity and infertility have risen together in recent years. Against this background, the present review aims to highlight the impact of obesity on infertility and the underlying pathophysiology of obesity-related infertility (ORI) in men and women, and to provide readers with knowledge of current trends in the effective development of phytotherapeutics for its treatment. METHODS We thoroughly searched in PubMed, MEDLINE, Scopus, EMBASE, and Google Scholar to find all relevant papers on ORI and the therapeutic effects of phytotherapeutics on ORI in men and women. RESULTS The extensive search of the available literature revealed that obesity affects reproductive function through several complex mechanisms such as hyperlipidaemia, hyperinsulinaemia, hyperandrogenism, increased body mass index, disruption of the hormonal milieu, systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, alterations in epigenetics and dysbiosis. On the other hand, several studies reported that phytotherapeutics has a broad therapeutic spectrum of action by improving sex hormone homeostasis, ovarian dysfunction, menstrual cycle and inhibiting ovarian hyperplasia, as well as down-regulating ovarian apoptosis, inflammation and oxidative stress, and controlling metabolic dysfunction in obese women. Male infertility is also addressed by phytotherapeutics by suppressing lipogenesis, increasing testosterone, 3β-HSD and 17β-HSD levels, improving sperm parameters and attenuating testicular dyslipidaemia, oxidative stress, inflammation and germ cell apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS In the present review, we discussed the effects of obesity on reproductive dysfunction in men and women and the underlying pathophysiology of ORI. In addition, the therapeutic effect of phytotherapeutics against ORI was highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- V V Sathibabu Uddandrao
- Centre for Biological Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, K.S. Rangasamy College of Arts and Science (Autonomous), Tiruchengode, Namakkal District, 637215, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - Parim Brahma Naidu
- Department of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, National Animal Resource Facility for Biomedical Research (ICMR-NARFBR), Hyderabad, Telangana, 500078, India
| | - P Chandrasekaran
- Centre for Biological Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, K.S. Rangasamy College of Arts and Science (Autonomous), Tiruchengode, Namakkal District, 637215, Tamilnadu, India
| | - G Saravanan
- Centre for Biological Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, K.S. Rangasamy College of Arts and Science (Autonomous), Tiruchengode, Namakkal District, 637215, Tamilnadu, India
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Ramadras DD, Che Soh Yusof NAA, Yaacob NM, Wan Norlina WA, Hanisah AH. Correlation of Serum Prolactin and Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Concentration in Infertile Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Malays J Med Sci 2024; 31:14-32. [PMID: 38456102 PMCID: PMC10917601 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2024.31.1.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Infertility affects millions of people of reproductive age worldwide. Thyroid hormones and prolactin (PRL) affect reproduction and pregnancy; therefore, these two hormones influence fertility. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to summarise the strength of the correlation between serum PRL and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) in infertile women and to explore selected factors influencing the correlation. We conducted a systematic search of online databases (PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, SAGE and Google Scholar) from inception until March 2021 and a manual search of the bibliographies of the included studies to identify relevant publications. The original research paper describing the correlation between PRL and TSH in reproductive-age women with infertility (primary and secondary) was included. The risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for Analytical Cross-Sectional Studies. A random effect model was used to estimate the pooled correlations of PRL and TSH, followed by an assessment of heterogeneity and a sensitivity analysis. From a total of 822 relevant articles identified, 11 were eligible and included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The random effect pooled correlation estimates between PRL and TSH was 0.431 (95% CI: 0.251, 0.582), with substantial heterogeneity between the included studies (I2 = 80%, τ2 = 0.067, P < 0.001). No significant publication bias was observed. Study region, types of infertility, sample size and year of the study did not influence the correlation estimates. Our results highlighted a significant positive moderate correlation between serum PRL and serum TSH in infertile women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delini Devi Ramadras
- Department of Chemical Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | | | - Najib Majdi Yaacob
- Unit of Biostatistics and Research Methodology, School of Medical Science, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Wan Azman Wan Norlina
- Department of Chemical Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Hamid Hanisah
- Chemical Pathology Unit, Department of Pathology, Hospital Tengku Ampuan Rahimah, Selangor, Malaysia
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Chen L, Mo Q, Wu Y, Chen W, Deng K, Xiao Y. Ameliorative effect of salidroside on the cyclophosphamide-induced premature ovarian failure in a rat model. Free Radic Res 2024; 58:107-116. [PMID: 38408280 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2024.2320383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress injury is an important pathological factor of premature ovarian failure (POF). Salidroside, extracted from the Chinese herb-Rhodiola rosea, has advantages in antioxidant characteristics. However, their therapeutic efficacy and mechanisms in POF have not been explored. PURPOSE This study aims to assess the therapeutic effects of salidroside in chemotherapy-induced ovarian failure rats. METHODS A POF rat model was established by injection of cyclophosphamide, followed by treatment with salidroside. The therapeutic effect of salidroside was evaluated based on hormone levels, follicle count, and reproductive ability. Oxidative stress injury was assessed by the detection of SOD enzyme activity and MDA levels. Differential gene expression of Keap1, Nrf2, HMOX1, NQO1, AMH, BMP15, and GDF9, were identified by qRT‑PCR. The protein expression of Keap1, Nrf2, P53, and Bcl-2 were detected by western blot. RESULTS Salidroside treatment markedly restored FSH, E2, and AMH hormone secretion levels, reduced follicular atresia, and increased antral follicle numbers in POF rats. In addition, salidroside improves fertility in POF rats, activates the Nrf2 signaling pathway, and reduces the level of oxidative stress. The recovery function of high dose salidroside (50 mg/kg) in a reproductive assay was significantly improved than that of lower dose salidroside (25 mg/kg). Meanwhile, the safety evaluation of salidroside treatment in rats showed that salidroside was safe for POF rats at doses of 25-50 mg/kg. CONCLUSIONS Salidroside therapy improved premature ovarian failure significantly through antioxidant function and activating Nrf2 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixuan Chen
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Jinshazhou Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qinglin Mo
- Translational Medicine Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingnan Wu
- Translational Medicine Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wancheng Chen
- Department of Radiotherapy, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Kaixian Deng
- Department of Gynecology, Shunde Hospital of Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan, China
| | - Yang Xiao
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Hematology, Shenzhen Qianhai Shekou Pilot Free Trade Zone Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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D’Amato A, Mariani MV, Prosperi S, Colombo L, De Prisco A, Lavalle C, Mancone M, Vizza CD, Severino P. Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection in Clinical Practice: Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Approaches. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:217. [PMID: 38399505 PMCID: PMC10889982 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60020217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is a cause of myocardial infarction without obstructive coronary artery disease (MINOCA). It is determined by a coronary artery wall layers separation, which occurs regardless of traumatic or iatrogenic injuries. Even if it is often a missed diagnosis, its incidence is growing along with the improvement of intracoronary imaging techniques that allow for better detection. The main angiographical classification distinguishes three different forms, with slightly different prognoses at long-term follow up. SCAD is a recurrent condition, severely hampering the life quality of affected patients. The predominantly young age of patients with SCAD and the high prevalence of females among them have made the topic increasingly important, especially regarding therapeutic strategies. According to the data, the most recommended treatment is conservative, based on the use of antiplatelet agents and supportive anti-ischemic therapy. However, there are conflicting opinions concerning the need for dual antiplatelet therapy and its duration. In the case of invasive treatment, the choice between percutaneous coronary intervention and coronary artery bypass graft depends on the patient's clinical stability and the interested vessel. The purpose of the current review is to revise the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying SCAD and the current knowledge of its treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marco Valerio Mariani
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico, 00161 Rome, Italy; (A.D.); (S.P.); (L.C.); (A.D.P.); (C.L.); (M.M.); (C.D.V.); (P.S.)
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Torrente A, Maccora S, Prinzi F, Alonge P, Pilati L, Lupica A, Di Stefano V, Camarda C, Vitabile S, Brighina F. The Clinical Relevance of Artificial Intelligence in Migraine. Brain Sci 2024; 14:85. [PMID: 38248300 PMCID: PMC10813497 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14010085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Migraine is a burdensome neurological disorder that still lacks clear and easily accessible diagnostic biomarkers. Furthermore, a straightforward pathway is hard to find for migraineurs' management, so the search for response predictors has become urgent. Nowadays, artificial intelligence (AI) has pervaded almost every aspect of our lives, and medicine has not been missed. Its applications are nearly limitless, and the ability to use machine learning approaches has given researchers a chance to give huge amounts of data new insights. When it comes to migraine, AI may play a fundamental role, helping clinicians and patients in many ways. For example, AI-based models can increase diagnostic accuracy, especially for non-headache specialists, and may help in correctly classifying the different groups of patients. Moreover, AI models analysing brain imaging studies reveal promising results in identifying disease biomarkers. Regarding migraine management, AI applications showed value in identifying outcome measures, the best treatment choices, and therapy response prediction. In the present review, the authors introduce the various and most recent clinical applications of AI regarding migraine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Torrente
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D.), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (A.T.); (S.M.); (F.P.); (P.A.); (L.P.); (A.L.); (V.D.S.); (C.C.); (S.V.)
| | - Simona Maccora
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D.), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (A.T.); (S.M.); (F.P.); (P.A.); (L.P.); (A.L.); (V.D.S.); (C.C.); (S.V.)
- Neurology Unit, ARNAS Civico di Cristina and Benfratelli Hospitals, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesco Prinzi
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D.), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (A.T.); (S.M.); (F.P.); (P.A.); (L.P.); (A.L.); (V.D.S.); (C.C.); (S.V.)
- Department of Computer Science and Technology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TN, UK
| | - Paolo Alonge
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D.), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (A.T.); (S.M.); (F.P.); (P.A.); (L.P.); (A.L.); (V.D.S.); (C.C.); (S.V.)
| | - Laura Pilati
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D.), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (A.T.); (S.M.); (F.P.); (P.A.); (L.P.); (A.L.); (V.D.S.); (C.C.); (S.V.)
- Neurology and Stroke Unit, P.O. “S. Antonio Abate”, 91016 Trapani, Italy
| | - Antonino Lupica
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D.), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (A.T.); (S.M.); (F.P.); (P.A.); (L.P.); (A.L.); (V.D.S.); (C.C.); (S.V.)
| | - Vincenzo Di Stefano
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D.), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (A.T.); (S.M.); (F.P.); (P.A.); (L.P.); (A.L.); (V.D.S.); (C.C.); (S.V.)
| | - Cecilia Camarda
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D.), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (A.T.); (S.M.); (F.P.); (P.A.); (L.P.); (A.L.); (V.D.S.); (C.C.); (S.V.)
| | - Salvatore Vitabile
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D.), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (A.T.); (S.M.); (F.P.); (P.A.); (L.P.); (A.L.); (V.D.S.); (C.C.); (S.V.)
| | - Filippo Brighina
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D.), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (A.T.); (S.M.); (F.P.); (P.A.); (L.P.); (A.L.); (V.D.S.); (C.C.); (S.V.)
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Klug N, Burke J, Scott E. Rational Engineering of Islet Tolerance via Biomaterial-Mediated Immune Modulation. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2024; 212:216-224. [PMID: 38166244 PMCID: PMC10766078 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) onset is characterized by an autoimmune attack on β islet cells within the pancreas, preventing the insulin secretion required to maintain glucose homeostasis. Targeted modulation of key immunoregulatory cell populations is a promising strategy to restore tolerance to β cells. This strategy can be used to prevent T1D onset or reverse T1D with transplanted islets. To this end, drug delivery systems can be employed to transport immunomodulatory cargo to specific cell populations that inhibit autoreactive T cell-mediated destruction of the β cell mass. The rational engineering of biomaterials into nanoscale and microscale drug carriers can facilitate targeted interactions with immune cells. The physicochemical properties of the biomaterial, the delivered immunomodulatory agent, and the target cell populations are critical variables in the design of these delivery systems. In this review, we discuss recent biomaterials-based drug delivery approaches to induce islet tolerance and the need to consider both immune and metabolic markers of disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Klug
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Robert R. McCormick School of Engineering and Applied Science, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL
| | - Jacqueline Burke
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Robert R. McCormick School of Engineering and Applied Science, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL
| | - Evan Scott
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
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Stemmer SM, Gomes C, Cardonick EH. A Case of Painful Growing Abdominal Wall Mass during Pregnancy Requiring Resection in the Second Trimester. Case Rep Obstet Gynecol 2024; 2024:5881260. [PMID: 38229587 PMCID: PMC10789513 DOI: 10.1155/2024/5881260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Desmoid fibromatosis (DF) is a rare and locally aggressive neoplasm. We present a case of a 28-year-old previously healthy multigravida who noticed a lump in her abdomen near the umbilicus two months before becoming pregnant. It underwent rapid growth during pregnancy, causing pain and discomfort. Targeted ultrasound of the area showed an irregular mass measuring 0.9 × 1.7 × 1.4 cm. The origin of the mass was unclear, suggesting a connection with the intra-abdominal contents. An MRI done three weeks later revealed a subcutaneous ovoid mass measuring 3.0 × 2.3 × 3.0 cm, which was significantly larger. Due to pain and rapid growth, surgical resection was done at 25 weeks of pregnancy. Histopathological examination revealed a desmoid tumor. The patient had an uneventful recovery and term vaginal delivery without complications. Hence, our case serves as evidence that DF tumors can be surgically managed during pregnancy with minimal to no complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shlomo M. Stemmer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cooper Hospital, Camden, NJ, USA
| | | | - Elyce H. Cardonick
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cooper Hospital, Camden, NJ, USA
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Parkhi M, Ahuja N, Kumar D, Basher RK, Singh N, Singh H, Bal A. Adult Pulmonary Blastoma: A Case Report with Spectrum of Rare Manifestations. Turk Patoloji Derg 2024; 40:63-68. [PMID: 38235566 PMCID: PMC10823784 DOI: 10.5146/tjpath.2023.01597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary blastoma (PB) is an exceedingly rare and aggressive malignant lung neoplasm that has distinct biphasic morphology. In this report, we document rare manifestations and molecular alterations in PB. A 59-year-old non-smoker female, presented with cough and hemoptysis for 4 months. The high-resolution computed tomography chest scan showed a 3.5x2.7 cm mass in the basal segment of the left lung. Positron emission tomography and computed tomography revealed a fluorodeoxyglucose avid lobulated mass in the superior segment of the lower lobe of the left lung. On core biopsy, the diagnosis of pleomorphic carcinoma in a background of adenocarcinoma was made. A definite diagnosis of pulmonary blastoma was established on the left lung lobectomy specimen based on morphological and immunohistochemical findings. Post-surgical biopsy from the scalp swelling showed metastatic deposits. On Next Generation Sequencing (NGS), in addition to conventional CTNNB1 gene mutation, new pathogenic MYCN and ATM gene mutations were detected. Post-chemotherapy, the patient was doing well after 10 months of close follow-up. PB exhibited rare associations in the form of non-smoker status, scalp metastasis, and MYCN and ATM gene mutations on NGS in addition to conventional CTNNB1 gene mutation. Large cohort studies are required to discover the incidence, significance and therapeutic implications of these co-existing pathogenic molecular alterations in PB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayur Parkhi
- Departments of Histopathology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Nishtha Ahuja
- Departments of Histopathology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Divyesh Kumar
- Departments of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Rajender Kumar Basher
- Departments of Nuclear Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Navneet Singh
- Departments of Pulmonary Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Harkant Singh
- Departments of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Amanjit Bal
- Departments of Histopathology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
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Zheng C, Huang J, Xu G, Li W, Weng X, Zhang S. The Notch signaling pathway in desmoid tumor: Recent advances and the therapeutic prospects. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:166907. [PMID: 37793461 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Desmoid tumor (DT) is a rare fibroblastic soft-tissue neoplasm that is characterized by local aggressiveness but no metastatic potential. Although the prognosis is relatively favorable, the unpredictable disease course and infiltrative growth lead to significant impairments and morbidity. Aberrant activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling has been well-established in the pathogenesis of sporadic DT and familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) or Gardners syndrome-associated DT, suggesting therapy targeting this pathway is an appealing treatment strategy. However, agents against this pathway are currently in their preliminary stages and have not yet been implemented in clinical practice. Increasing studies demonstrate activation of the Notch pathway is closely associated with the development and progression of DT, which provides a potential alternative therapeutic target against DT. Early-stage clinical trials and preclinical models have indicated that inhibition of Notch pathway might be a promising treatment approach for DT. The Notch signaling activation is mainly dependent on the activity of the γ-secretase enzyme, which is responsible for cleaving the Notch intracellular domain and facilitating its nuclear translocation to promote gene transcription. Two γ-secretase inhibitors called nirogacestat and AL102 are currently under extensive investigation in the advanced stage of clinical development. The updated findings from the phase III randomized controlled trial (DeFi trial) demonstrated that nirogacestat exerts significant benefits in terms of disease control and symptom resolution in patients with progressive DT. Therefore, this review provides a comprehensive overview of the present understanding of Notch signaling in the pathogenesis of DT, with a particular emphasis on the prospective therapeutic application of γ-secretase inhibitors in the management of DT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanxi Zheng
- Department of Musculoskeletal Tumor Surgery, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518035, China
| | - Jianghong Huang
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopedics, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518035, China
| | - Gang Xu
- Department of Musculoskeletal Tumor Surgery, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518035, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Musculoskeletal Tumor Surgery, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518035, China
| | - Xin Weng
- Department of Pathology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518035, China
| | - Shiquan Zhang
- Department of Musculoskeletal Tumor Surgery, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518035, China.
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