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Chou YH, Fan HJ. Cryptosporidium-induced acute kidney injury in the setting of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Am J Med Sci 2024; 368:253-257. [PMID: 38795967 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjms.2024.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
Cryptosporidium is a pathogen that can cause infectious enteritis especially in immunocompromised patients. Acute kidney injury, electrolyte imbalance, and acid-base disorders may occur as a result of high volumes of intestinal fluid loss, which has not been previously reported to be a common manifestation of cryptosporidiosis. Numerous antigen detection methods can be used to ensure early diagnosis of Cryptosporidium infection, which is crucial to prevent morbidities. We report a unique case of cryptosporidiosis in a 33-year-old male patient with acute kidney injury and profound hypokalemia, hyponatremia, hypocalcemia, hypophosphatemia, hypomagnesemia, and metabolic acidosis. Following the initiation of antiretroviral therapy to human immunodeficiency virus, the patient's symptoms improved and he recovered fully from kidney injury and electrolyte imbalance, highlighting the importance of early antiretroviral therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hsin Chou
- Division of Nephrology, Taipei City Hospital Zhongxing Branch, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taiwan.
| | - Hung-Ju Fan
- Department of Nursing, Taipei City Hospital Zhongxing Branch, Taiwan
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2
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Oraby MA, Abdel Mageed SS, Amr Raouf A, Abdelshafy DA, Ahmed EF, Khalil RT, Mangoura SA, Fadaly DS. Remdesivir ameliorates ulcerative colitis-propelled cell inflammation and pyroptosis in acetic acid rats by restoring SIRT6/FoxC1 pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 137:112465. [PMID: 38878489 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a primary culprit of inflammatory bowel disease that entails prompt and effective clinical intervention. Remdesivir (RDV), a broad-spectrum antiviral nucleotide, has been found to exert anti-inflammatory effects in experimental animals. AIM This study investigates the prospective anti-inflammatory merit of RDV on an experimental model of UC. The role of SIRT6/FoxC1 in regulating colonic cell inflammation and pyroptosis is delineated. METHOD Rats were challenged with a single intrarectal dose of acetic acid (AA) solution (2 ml; 4 % v/v) to induce colitis. RDV (20 mg/kg, ip) and sulfasalazine (100 mg/kg, po) were administered to rats 14 days before the injection of AA. RESULTS Administration of RDV ameliorated colonic cell injury and loss as manifested by improvement of severe colon histopathological mutilation and macroscopic damage and disease activity index scores together with restoration of normal colon weight/length ratio. In addition, RDV alleviated colonic inflammatory reactions, thereby curtailing NF-κB activation and the inflammatory cytokines, TNF-α, IL-18, and IL-1β. Mitigation of colonic oxidative stress and apoptotic reactions were also evident in the setting of RDV treatment. Mechanistically, RDV enhanced the anti-inflammatory cascade, SIRT6/FoxC1, together with curbing the pyroptotic signal, NLRP3/cleaved caspase-1/Gasdermin D-elicited colonic inflammatory cell death. CONCLUSION This study reveals, for the first time, the anti-inflammatory effect of RDV against experimental UC. Augmenting SIRT6/FoxC1-mediated repression of colonic inflammation and pyroptosis might advocate the colo-protective potential of RDV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamdouh A Oraby
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt.
| | - Sherif S Abdel Mageed
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed Amr Raouf
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt.
| | - Dareen A Abdelshafy
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Eman F Ahmed
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Rowida T Khalil
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Safwat A Mangoura
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt.
| | - Doaa S Fadaly
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
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3
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Zamani S, Besharat S, Behnampour N, Behnam A, Asgari N, Mortazavi N. Bacteroides fragilis in saliva: investigating links with ulcerative colitis. Braz J Microbiol 2024:10.1007/s42770-024-01484-x. [PMID: 39155343 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-024-01484-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a long-term bowel inflammation of unknown cause. Recent research points to gut microbiota, especially Enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF), in UC's development. This study examined the presence of Bacteroides fragilis (B. fragilis) and ETBF in the saliva of UC patients and Healthy Controls (HCs) in Iran. METHODS A total of 40 UC patients and 40 healthy controls were included in the study. Saliva samples were collected and analyzed for the presence of B. fragilis and ETBF using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). RESULTS B. fragilis was more prevalent in HCs (70%) than UC patients (67.5%), but not significantly (p = 0.809). ETBF was significantly more prevalent in UC patients (50%) than HCs (10%) (p < 0.0001). The mean count of B. fragilis was higher in UC patients, but not significantly (p = 0.47). However, the mean count of ETBF was significantly higher in UC patients (p = 0.000089). In terms of gender, the number of B. fragilis in women was not significant (p = 0.16), but the number of ETBF was significantly higher in women with UC (p = 0.000458). For men, no significant differences were observed. CONCLUSIONS The present study suggest a higher prevalence of B. fragilis observed in UC patients compared to HCs. Further research is needed to confirm these findings and explore potential mechanisms underlying this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samin Zamani
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Sima Besharat
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroentrology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Nasser Behnampour
- Health Management and Social Development Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Armina Behnam
- Dental Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Negar Asgari
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Nazanin Mortazavi
- Dental Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, School of Dentistry, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 4916953363, Gorgan, Iran.
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Zhang K, Wan P, Wang L, Wang Z, Tan F, Li J, Ma X, Cen J, Yuan X, Liu Y, Sun Z, Cheng X, Liu Y, Liu X, Hu J, Zhong G, Li D, Xia Q, Hui L. Efficient expansion and CRISPR-Cas9-mediated gene correction of patient-derived hepatocytes for treatment of inherited liver diseases. Cell Stem Cell 2024; 31:1187-1202.e8. [PMID: 38772378 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2024.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Cell-based ex vivo gene therapy in solid organs, especially the liver, has proven technically challenging. Here, we report a feasible strategy for the clinical application of hepatocyte therapy. We first generated high-quality autologous hepatocytes through the large-scale expansion of patient-derived hepatocytes. Moreover, the proliferating patient-derived hepatocytes, together with the AAV2.7m8 variant identified through screening, enabled CRISPR-Cas9-mediated targeted integration efficiently, achieving functional correction of pathogenic mutations in FAH or OTC. Importantly, these edited hepatocytes repopulated the injured mouse liver at high repopulation levels and underwent maturation, successfully treating mice with tyrosinemia following transplantation. Our study combines ex vivo large-scale cell expansion and gene editing in patient-derived transplantable hepatocytes, which holds potential for treating human liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Multi-Cell Systems, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.
| | - Ping Wan
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Liren Wang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Genome Editing and Cell Therapy, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Multi-Cell Systems, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Fangzhi Tan
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Xiaolong Ma
- Key Laboratory of Multi-Cell Systems, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Jin Cen
- Key Laboratory of Multi-Cell Systems, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xiang Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Multi-Cell Systems, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yang Liu
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, School of Life Sciences, Genome Editing Research Center, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhen Sun
- Key Laboratory of Multi-Cell Systems, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xi Cheng
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Genome Editing and Cell Therapy, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yuanhua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Multi-Cell Systems, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xuhao Liu
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, School of Life Sciences, Genome Editing Research Center, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jiazhi Hu
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, School of Life Sciences, Genome Editing Research Center, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Guisheng Zhong
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China.
| | - Dali Li
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Genome Editing and Cell Therapy, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
| | - Qiang Xia
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200001, China.
| | - Lijian Hui
- Key Laboratory of Multi-Cell Systems, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China.
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5
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Moghadam Fard A, Goodarzi P, Mottahedi M, Garousi S, Zadabhari H, Kalantari Shahijan M, Esmaeili S, Nabi-Afjadi M, Yousefi B. Therapeutic applications of melatonin in disorders related to the gastrointestinal tract and control of appetite. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:5335-5362. [PMID: 38358468 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-02972-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Most animals have large amounts of the special substance melatonin, which is controlled by the light/dark cycle in the suprachiasmatic nucleus. According to what is now understood, the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and other areas of the body are sites of melatonin production. According to recent studies, the GIT and adjacent organs depend critically on a massive amount of melatonin. Not unexpectedly, melatonin's many biological properties, such as its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, pro-apoptotic, anti-proliferative, anti-metastasis, and antiangiogenic properties, have drawn the attention of researchers more and more. Because melatonin is an antioxidant, it produces a lot of secretions in the GIT's mucus and saliva, which shields cells from damage and promotes the development of certain GIT-related disorders. Melatonin's ability to alter cellular behavior in the GIT and other associated organs, such as the liver and pancreas, is another way that it functions. This behavior alters the secretory and metabolic activities of these cells. In this review, we attempted to shed fresh light on the many roles that melatonin plays in the various regions of the gastrointestinal tract by focusing on its activities for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pardis Goodarzi
- School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehran Mottahedi
- Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Setareh Garousi
- Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamed Zadabhari
- Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Faculty, Medipol University Health of Science, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Saeedeh Esmaeili
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Nabi-Afjadi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Fukasawa H, Hashimoto R, Hagihara K, Takahashi I, Sugiyama M, Yoshioka K. Histological species differences among chickens, rats, and mice in experimental cholestasis by bile duct ligation. Res Vet Sci 2024; 176:105343. [PMID: 38970869 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
Cholestasis is a hepatic disease reported in humans, dogs, and chickens and is characterized by various signs. Bile duct ligation (BDL) is a standard model for research in cholestasis in male rats and mice. However, the timing and degree of structural changes in BDL-subjected liver differ in the two animal species. This study focused on chickens as a choice model for cholestasis. Specifically, we aimed to evaluate the features of BDL in hens and compare them with those in rats and mice. Eighteen hens, 19 female ICR mice, and 18 female SD rats were randomly divided into the sham-operated and BDL groups. At 2, 4, and 6 weeks after BDL, and 4 weeks after the sham operation, liver and blood samples were collected and analyzed histologically and biochemically. Histologically, bile duct proliferation in BDL-subjected livers was first observed in the chickens and then the rats and mice, whereas CD44-positive small hepatocytes were observed only in chickens in the BDL group. Biochemically, the mRNA expression of the hepatocyte growth factor was higher in BDL-subjected chickens, while Interleukin 6 expression was higher in the BDL-subjected rats and mice than in animals in the sham group. In addition, farnesoid X receptor mRNA expression was lower in the BDL-subjected chickens than in the sham chickens. The BDL group had significantly higher total bile acid blood concentration than the sham group. In conclusion, the signs of hepatopathy caused by BDL differ among animal species. Furthermore, we propose that compared to BDL-subjected mice and rats, BDL-subjected chickens are a novel cholestasis animal model that demonstrates severe hepatopathy and liver restructuring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanae Fukasawa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Aomori, Japan.
| | - Ryunosuke Hashimoto
- Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Aomori, Japan
| | - Kodai Hagihara
- Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Aomori, Japan
| | - Ikumi Takahashi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Aomori, Japan
| | - Makoto Sugiyama
- Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Aomori, Japan
| | - Kazuki Yoshioka
- Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Aomori, Japan
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Renemane L, Rancans E. Sertraline induced acute hepatocellular liver injury in patient with major depressive disorder: a case report. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1456455. [PMID: 39156605 PMCID: PMC11328013 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1456455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
This case report describes a patient with major depressive disorder (MDD) who developed acute hepatocellular liver injury after being treated with sertraline, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI). The diagnosis of MDD was made two years prior, and the patient had previously responded partially to escitalopram and cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). Upon switching to sertraline 50 mg daily, the patient presented with severe symptoms indicative of acute liver injury, including elevated liver enzymes, jaundice, and gastrointestinal distress. Following the discontinuation of sertraline, the patient's liver function tests gradually normalized over a 90-day period, confirming the diagnosis of sertraline-induced hepatotoxicity. This case underscores the importance of continuous monitoring for potential liver injury in patients treated with sertraline. The findings contribute to the existing body of evidence on the hepatotoxic risks associated with SSRIs and highlight the need for personalized treatment strategies to mitigate adverse effects and enhance patient safety. Further research is needed to explore the long-term safety and efficacy of sertraline, particularly in vulnerable populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lubova Renemane
- Department of Psychiatry and Narcology, Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia
- Riga Centre of Psychiatry and Addiction Disorders, Riga, Latvia
| | - Elmars Rancans
- Department of Psychiatry and Narcology, Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia
- Riga Centre of Psychiatry and Addiction Disorders, Riga, Latvia
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Machona MS, Muloiwa R, Porter M, Peter J, Lehloenya RJ. Advanced human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) does not affect ability to utilize lymphadenopathy in assessment of drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms syndrome in HIV and tuberculosis: Prospective comparative study. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY. GLOBAL 2024; 3:100276. [PMID: 38946893 PMCID: PMC11214507 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacig.2024.100276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Background RegiSCAR validation criteria for drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) includes lymphadenopathy, a frequent feature of both tuberculosis (TB) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). TB is the most common HIV-associated coinfection. Advanced HIV is associated with lymph node (LN) fibrosis. It is not clear if this negatively affects case validation in HIV-associated DRESS. To answer this question, we designed a prospective descriptive study to assess lymphadenopathy in various combinations of comorbid HIV, TB, and DRESS. Objectives We sought to describe the prevalence of DRESS-associated lymphadenopathy and characterize LN quality, size, and distribution in a high HIV-TB burden setting over time. Methods We prospectively and systematically examined LN in 25 consecutive acute DRESS cases hospitalized at a South African tertiary-care center and 10 hospitalized non-DRESS HIV-TB coinfected controls. Results Fourteen (56%) of 25 patients were HIV infected, with a median (interquartile range) CD4 count of 254 (66-478) cells/mm³, and 7 of 14 were coinfected with TB. Using RegiSCAR criteria, 12 (46%) of 25 were definite DRESS cases, 8 (31%) of 25 probable, and 5 (23%) of 25 possible. Possible cases were excluded in the analysis. Fifteen (75%) of 20 subjects had LN in ≥2 anatomic sites, including all 7 patients with HIV-TB coinfection. In contrast, 1 (20%) of 5 hospitalized non-DRESS HIV-TB coinfected controls had LN. Cervical LN, in 15 (88%) of 17, was most common, followed by axillary (76%) and inguinal (59%). Cervical LN ranged between 1 and 2 cm in size. Among the 8 (32%) of 25 subjects with follow-up data, LN had regressed in all within 6 weeks of stopping the offending drug and initiating TB treatment. There was no correlation with CD4 cell count and LN. Conclusion Lymphadenopathy is a common feature of acute DRESS, even among HIV-TB-coinfected patients with advanced immunosuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Musonda Sharon Machona
- Department of Medicine, Division of Dermatology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Rudzani Muloiwa
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Mireille Porter
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
- Combined Drug Allergy Clinic, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Jonny Peter
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
- Combined Drug Allergy Clinic, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Rannakoe J. Lehloenya
- Department of Medicine, Division of Dermatology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
- Combined Drug Allergy Clinic, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
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Czekaj P, Król M, Kolanko E, Wieczorek P, Bogunia E, Hermyt M, Grajoszek A, Prusek A. Optimization of methods for intrasplenic administration of human amniotic epithelial cells in order to perform safe and effective cell-based therapy for liver diseases. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2024; 20:1599-1617. [PMID: 38769232 PMCID: PMC11319411 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-024-10735-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
In animal experimental models the administration of stem cells into the spleen should ensure high effectiveness of their implantation in the liver due to a direct vascular connection between the two organs. The aim of this study was to update the methods of experimental intrasplenic cell transplantation using human amniotic epithelial cells (hAECs) which are promising cells in the treatment of liver diseases. BALB/c mice were administered intrasplenically with 0.5, 1, and 2 million hAECs by direct bolus injection (400 µl/min) and via a subcutaneous splenic port by fast (20 μl/min) and slow (10 μl/min) infusion. The port was prepared by translocating the spleen to the skin pocket. The spleen, liver, and lungs were collected at 3 h, 6 h, and 24 h after the administration of cells. The distribution of hAECs, histopathological changes in the organs, complete blood count, and biochemical markers of liver damage were assessed. It has been shown that the method of intrasplenic cell administration affects the degree of liver damage. The largest number of mice showing significant liver damage was observed after direct administration and the lowest after slow administration through a port. Liver damage increased with the number of administered cells, which, paradoxically, resulted in increased liver colonization efficiency. It was concluded that the administration of 1 × 106 hAECs by slow infusion via a subcutaneous splenic port reduces the incidence of complications at the expense of a slight decrease in the effectiveness of implantation of the transplanted cells in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Czekaj
- Department of Cytophysiology, Chair of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Medyków 18, Katowice, 40-752, Poland.
| | - Mateusz Król
- Department of Cytophysiology, Chair of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Medyków 18, Katowice, 40-752, Poland
| | - Emanuel Kolanko
- Department of Cytophysiology, Chair of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Medyków 18, Katowice, 40-752, Poland
| | - Patrycja Wieczorek
- Department of Cytophysiology, Chair of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Medyków 18, Katowice, 40-752, Poland
| | - Edyta Bogunia
- Department of Cytophysiology, Chair of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Medyków 18, Katowice, 40-752, Poland
| | - Mateusz Hermyt
- Department of Cytophysiology, Chair of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Medyków 18, Katowice, 40-752, Poland
| | - Aniela Grajoszek
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Medyków 4, Katowice, 40-752, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Prusek
- Department of Cytophysiology, Chair of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Medyków 18, Katowice, 40-752, Poland
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10
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Abd-Ellatieff HA, Georg K, Abourawash ARA, Ghazy EW, Samak DH, Goda WM. Aspergillus awamori: potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic activities in acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis in rats. Inflammopharmacology 2024; 32:2541-2553. [PMID: 38763983 PMCID: PMC11300502 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-024-01489-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic colonic inflammation with a significant health hazard. Aspergillus awamori (A. awamori) is a microorganism with various bioactive compounds with natural antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The present work aimed to elucidate the protective and therapeutic effects of varying concentrations of A. awamori against acetic acid (AA)-induced ulcerative colitis (UC) in rats. Nine groups of albino male rats were established: a control negative group (G1), a control positive group (G2,AA), and preventive protocol groups (including G3A, G4A, and G5A) that received 100 mg, 50 mg, and 25 mg/kg b.w, respectively, of A. awamori orally and daily from the 1st day of the experiment and for 7 consecutive days. Then, they were subjected to one dose of AA intrarectally on day 8th. G3B, G4B, and G5B were termed as curative protocol groups that received one dose of AA on day 8th and then administered 100 mg, 50 mg, and 25 mg/kg b.w. of A. awamori, respectively, on day 9th and continued receiving these doses daily until day 16th. Rats in the AA group exhibited marked histopathological alterations of the distal colon, with an exaggeration of the DAI. In addition, a remarkable increase in oxidative stress was represented by the elevation of MDA and NO levels with a decline in SOD and GPx activities. In addition, upregulation of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β mRNA expressions and downregulation of Muc2 and Nrf2 levels were detected. Unambiguously, a remarkable anti-inflammatory effect was noticed either in A. awamori prevented or treated groups expounded by reducing and regulating TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β with improved pathological lesion scoring. The Muc2, Nrf2, and bcl-2 gene levels were upregulated and restored also. In summary, the findings in this work reveal that A. awamori supplementation successfully alleviated the UC induced by AA, which had a better effect when administered before colitis induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoda A Abd-Ellatieff
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt.
| | - Kristen Georg
- Cure Lab Clinical Pathology, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
| | | | - Emad W Ghazy
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
| | - Dalia H Samak
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Wael M Goda
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour-El-Beheira, Egypt
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11
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Niu C, Zhang J, Himal K, Zhu K, Zachary T, Verghese B, Jadhav N, Okolo PI, Daglilar E, Kouides P. Impact of anticoagulation therapy on outcomes in patients with cirrhosis and portal vein thrombosis: A large-scale retrospective cohort study. Thromb Res 2024; 241:109103. [PMID: 39067278 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2024.109103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Portal vein thrombosis in cirrhotic patients presents a significant clinical challenge. This study aims to (1) explore the impact of anticoagulation therapy on patient outcomes; (2) comparative outcomes in portal vein thrombosis treated between direct oral anticoagulant and Vitamin K Antagonist (VKA). MATERIALS AND METHODS We leveraged the TriNetX database to analyze a cohort comprising 4224 patients with liver cirrhosis and PVT who were treated with anticoagulation, alongside a comparison group of 15,300 patients with the same conditions but not receiving anticoagulation therapy. RESULTS The anticoagulated group showed a significant reduction in mortality (27.9 % vs. 34.2 %, HR = 0.723, 95 % CI: 0.678-0.770, P < 0.001). When comparing direct oral anticoagulant versus. VKA, in compensated liver cirrhosis, the direct oral anticoagulant group exhibited significantly lower mortality rates compared to VKA (17.7 % vs. 26.5 %, HR = 0.655, 95 % CI: 0.452-0.951, P = 0.025), with no significant difference in liver transplantation rates (4.0 % vs. 4.7 %, P = 0.080). In decompensated liver cirrhosis, the direct oral anticoagulant group exhibited lower mortality compared to the VKA group (23.6 % vs. 30.6 %, HR = 0.732, 95 % CI: 0.629-0.851, P < 0.001), and a higher frequency of liver transplantation was observed in the VKA group (10.6 % vs. 16.0 %, HR = 0.622, 95 % CI: 0.494-0.784, P < 0.001). Hospitalization rates were significantly lower in the direct oral anticoagulant group compared to the VKA group in decompensated cirrhosis (33.4 % vs. 38.3 %, HR = 0.830, 95 % CI: 0.695-0.992, P = 1.937). CONCLUSIONS Our study offers compelling evidence supporting the use of anticoagulation therapy in liver cirrhosis with portal vein thrombosis. The use of DOACs in patients with both compensated and decompensated liver cirrhosis showed a marked mortality benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengu Niu
- Rochester General Hospital, Rochester, NY 14621, USA.
| | - Jing Zhang
- Rainier Springs Behavioral Health Hospital, Vancouver, WA 98686, USA
| | - Kharel Himal
- Rochester General Hospital, Rochester, NY 14621, USA
| | - Kaiwen Zhu
- Rochester General Hospital, Rochester, NY 14621, USA
| | | | | | - Nagesh Jadhav
- Rochester General Hospital, Rochester, NY 14621, USA
| | | | - Ebubekir Daglilar
- Division of Gastroenterology, Charleston Area Medical Center/CAMC Institute For Academic Medicine Program, WV 25304, USA
| | - Peter Kouides
- Rochester General Hospital, Rochester, NY 14621, USA
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12
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Taggart MS, Tchir A, Van Dieren L, Chen H, Hassan M, Taveras C, Lellouch AG, Toner M, Sandlin RD, Uygun K. Parallelized Droplet Vitrification Enables Single-Run Vitrification of the Whole Rat Liver Hepatocyte Yield. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.07.14.603471. [PMID: 39071342 PMCID: PMC11275928 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.14.603471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Drug discovery pipelines rely on the availability of isolated primary hepatocytes for investigating potential hepatotoxicity prior to clinical application. These hepatocytes are typically isolated from livers rejected for transplantation and subsequently cryopreserved for later usage. The gold-standard cryopreservation technique, slow-freezing, is a labor-intensive process, with significant post-storage viability loss. In this work, we introduce parallelized droplet vitrification, a technique for high-volumetric, rapid vitrification of suspended cells. We show the utility of this technique through the single-run vitrification of the whole-rate liver hepatocyte yield, resulting in a 1600% increase in single-batch vitrification and a 500% increase in droplet generation rate compared to previous droplet vitrification approaches. Additionally, we showed that these implementations maintained improved post-preservation outcomes in primary rat hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Taggart
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Shriners Children's Boston, Boston, MA, USA
| | - A Tchir
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Shriners Children's Boston, Boston, MA, USA
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, MA
| | - L Van Dieren
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Shriners Children's Boston, Boston, MA, USA
- Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation Laboratory, Center for Transplantation Sciences, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - H Chen
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Shriners Children's Boston, Boston, MA, USA
| | - M Hassan
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Shriners Children's Boston, Boston, MA, USA
| | - C Taveras
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Shriners Children's Boston, Boston, MA, USA
| | - A G Lellouch
- Shriners Children's Boston, Boston, MA, USA
- Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation Laboratory, Center for Transplantation Sciences, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- INSERM UMRS 1140 Innovation Thérapeutique en Hémostase, University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - M Toner
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Shriners Children's Boston, Boston, MA, USA
| | - R D Sandlin
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - K Uygun
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Shriners Children's Boston, Boston, MA, USA
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13
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Jairath V, Feagan BG, Silverberg MS, Danese S, Gionchetti P, Löwenberg M, Bressler B, Ferrante M, Hart A, Lindner D, Escher A, Jones S, Shen B, Travis S. Mucosal Healing with Vedolizumab in Patients with Chronic Pouchitis: EARNEST, a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024:S1542-3565(24)00636-0. [PMID: 39025255 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2024.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Vedolizumab is indicated for the treatment of chronic pouchitis in the European Union. We assessed whether vedolizumab induced mucosal healing (MH) and if MH was associated with clinical improvements. METHODS EARNEST, a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, evaluated vedolizumab efficacy and safety in adults with chronic pouchitis. Centrally read endoscopic and histologic evaluation was performed at baseline, Week (W)14, and W34. Ulcer count, adapted Simple Endoscopic Score for Crohn's Disease in the pouch, and Pouchitis Disease Activity Index histologic component were evaluated. Pouchitis Disease Activity Index and Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire remission at W14 and W34 were compared by MH status at W14. RESULTS Following treatment, mean (standard deviation) number of ulcers in vedolizumab-treated patients reduced from 15.1 (16.4) to 5.0 (4.9) at W14 and 2.7 (3.2) at W34 versus placebo-treated patients with corresponding values of 11.8 (11.3), 13.4 (18.4), and 9.7 (13.8) (vedolizumab vs placebo difference [95% confidence interval]: W14: -8.4 [-14.3 to -2.6]; W34: -7.0 [-12.0 to -2.0]). More patients receiving vedolizumab versus placebo achieved reduction in ulcerated pouch surface area (W14: 52.4% vs 20.0%; difference, 32.4 percentage points [p.p] [9.7, 51.4]; W34: 52.1% vs 12.9%; difference, 40.2p.p [15.6, 60.3]), absence of ulceration (W14: 23.8% vs 7.5%; difference, 16.3p.p [1.1, 31.6]; W34: 34.4% vs 15.6%; difference, 18.8p.p [-2.0, 39.5]), Simple Endoscopic Score for Crohn's Disease remission (W14: 23.8% vs 7.5%; difference, 16.3p.p [1.1, 31.6]; W34: 34.4% vs 15.6%; difference, 18.8p.p [-2.0, 39.5]), and MH (W14: 16.7% vs 2.5%; difference, 14.2p.p [1.9, 26.4]). Patients with MH at W14 had higher rates of Pouchitis Disease Activity Index and Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire remission at W14 and W34 than those without. CONCLUSIONS Vedolizumab induced endoscopic improvements in patients with chronic pouchitis, which was associated with improved outcomes at W34, particularly in patients achieving MH at W14. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02790138.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Vipul Jairath
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Alimentiv, London, Ontario, Canada.
| | | | - Mark S Silverberg
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Silvio Danese
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele and University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Gionchetti
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria di Bologna, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Mark Löwenberg
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Brian Bressler
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Marc Ferrante
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ailsa Hart
- IBD Unit, St Mark's Hospital and Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dirk Lindner
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals International, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Armella Escher
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals International, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Bo Shen
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center/Herbert Irving Pavilion, New York, New York
| | - Simon Travis
- Kennedy Institute and Translational Gastroenterology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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14
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Lekakis V, Gkoufa A, Vlachogiannakos J, Papatheodoridis GV, Cholongitas E. Incidence and risk factors of acute kidney injury in cirrhosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 5,202,232 outpatients, inpatients, and ICU-admitted patients. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024:1-12. [PMID: 39001566 DOI: 10.1080/17474124.2024.2380299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a commonly seen condition in the natural course of cirrhosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the pooled incidence and risk factors of AKI in different clinical stages and situations in patients with cirrhosis. METHODS Search was conducted on 13 December 2023 across MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase, and Cochrane databases. Meta-analysis was performed using a generalized linear mixed model. RESULTS In total, 73 studies with 5,202,232 patients were finally enrolled in the meta-analysis. AKI commonly occurs among hospitalized cirrhotics experiencing any decompensation event (29%) as well as among stable outpatients (28%) throughout a 1-year follow-up period. On admission, patients with infection or sepsis/septic shock had the highest AKI rate (47%), followed by those with hepatic encephalopathy (41%). Furthermore, the severity of liver disease proved to be a substantial driver for AKI development, while patients at intensive care unit had the greatest AKI incidence (61%). CONCLUSIONS Both hospitalized patients and stable outpatients with cirrhosis exhibited an elevated susceptibility to AKI. Patients at intensive care unit and those with severe liver disease, infection, sepsis/septic shock, hepatic encephalopathy, or acute on chronic liver failure upon admission are at higher risk for AKI. TRIAL REGISTRATION PROSPERO, registered 09/12/23, CRD42023487736.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasileios Lekakis
- Department of Gastroenterology, Medical School of National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, General Hospital of Athens "Laiko", Athens, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Gkoufa
- First Department of Internal Medicine, "Laiko", General Hospital, Medical School of National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - John Vlachogiannakos
- Department of Gastroenterology, Medical School of National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, General Hospital of Athens "Laiko", Athens, Greece
| | - George V Papatheodoridis
- Department of Gastroenterology, Medical School of National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, General Hospital of Athens "Laiko", Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelos Cholongitas
- First Department of Internal Medicine, "Laiko", General Hospital, Medical School of National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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15
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Gokaltun A, Asik E, Byrne D, Yarmush ML, Usta OB. Supercooled preservation of cultured primary rat hepatocyte monolayers. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1429412. [PMID: 39076209 PMCID: PMC11284110 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1429412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Supercooled preservation (SCP) is a technology that involves cooling a substance below its freezing point without initiating ice crystal formation. It is a promising alternative to prolong the preservation time of cells, tissues, engineered tissue products, and organs compared to the current practices of hypothermic storage. Two-dimensional (2D) engineered tissues are extensively used in in vitro research for drug screening and development and investigation of disease progression. Despite their widespread application, there is a lack of research on the SCP of 2D-engineered tissues. In this study, we presented the effects of SCP at -2 and -6°C on primary rat hepatocyte (PRH) monolayers for the first time and compared cell viability and functionality with cold storage (CS, + 4°C). We preserved PRH monolayers in two different commercially available solutions: Hypothermosol-FRS (HTS-FRS) and the University of Wisconsin (UW) with and without supplements (i.e., polyethylene glycol (PEG) and 3-O-Methyl-Α-D-Glucopyranose (3-OMG)). Our findings revealed that UW with and without supplements were inadequate for the short-term preservation of PRH monolayers for both SCP and CS with high viability, functionality, and monolayer integrity. The combination of supplements (PEG and 3-OMG) in the HTS-FRS solution outperformed the other groups and yielded the highest viability and functional capacity. Notably, PRH monolayers exhibited superior viability and functionality when stored at -2°C through SCP for up to 3 days compared to CS. Overall, our results demonstrated that SCP is a feasible approach to improving the short-term preservation of PRH monolayers and enables readily available 2D-engineered tissues to advance in vitro research. Furthermore, our findings provide insights into preservation outcomes across various biological levels, from cells to tissues and organs, contributing to the advancement of bioengineering and biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aslihan Gokaltun
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Eda Asik
- Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Delaney Byrne
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Martin L. Yarmush
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - O. Berk Usta
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, MA, United States
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16
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Boyle BL, Khanna S. Fecal microbiota live - jslm (Rebyota™/RBL) for management of recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection. Future Microbiol 2024:1-9. [PMID: 38989699 DOI: 10.1080/17460913.2024.2364583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
There is an unmet need for effective treatments of Clostridioides difficile infection, an emerging health crisis in the United States. The management of C. difficile infection should include treatment of active infection and a strategy to prevent recurrence. Current gold standard therapy includes oral antibiotics which predispose patients to gut dysbiosis and increase the risk of recurrent infection. Addressing dysbiosis via fecal microbiota transplantation is an active and promising area of research, but studies have lacked standardization which makes outcome and safety data difficult to interpret. Rebyota™, formerly known as RBX2660, is a live biotherapeutic product designed using a standardized protocol and manufacturing process that has been shown to be effective for preventing recurrent C. difficile infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sahil Khanna
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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17
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Beydoun HA, Tsai J. Screening rates for hepatitis B and C among low-income US veterans: Data from the National Veteran Homeless and Other Poverty Experiences Study. J Viral Hepat 2024. [PMID: 38984865 DOI: 10.1111/jvh.13981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Screening for viral hepatitis is considered a high-priority area in the Veterans Health Administration (VHA). Yet, few studies have examined viral hepatitis screening test use among low-income veterans who are considered high-risk with limited healthcare access. Using cross-sectional data from 933 participants in the 2021-2022 National Veteran Homeless and Other Poverty Experiences (NV-HOPE) study, we examined rates and correlates of lifetime screening for hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C (HCV) infections. Multivariable logistic regression models evaluated characteristics associated with HBV/HCV screening. Nearly 16% and 21% reported lifetime HBV and HCV screening, respectively. These rates are considerably lower than HBV (47.3%) and HCV (92.9%) screening rates documented among contemporaneous veterans in VHA electronic health records. In the NV-HOPE data, veterans 50-79 years were more likely than those ≥80 years of age to ever-screen for HBV/HCV. Whereas, household income was inversely related to lifetime screening behaviours, veterans reporting 'other' employment types (vs. full-time/part-time employment) were more likely to ever-screen for HBV/HCV. Ever-screening for HBV was more likely among veterans reporting non-Hispanic 'other' (vs. non-Hispanic 'white') race, housing instability, Medicaid insurance, as well as drug use and cognitive disorder histories. Living with ≥5 members (vs. alone), histories of alcohol use, cancer, and liver disorders were also correlated with ever-screening for HCV. HIV/AIDS history correlated with ever-screening for HBV/HCV. In conclusion, fewer than one-third of low-income US veterans ever-screened for HBV/HCV, with lower screening rates among those less likely to be exposed to viral hepatitis, thereby informing interventions aimed at promoting available screening, treatment and vaccinations for HBV/HCV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hind A Beydoun
- National Center on Homelessness among Veterans (NCHAV), Veterans Health Administration, Washington, DC, USA
- School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jack Tsai
- National Center on Homelessness among Veterans (NCHAV), Veterans Health Administration, Washington, DC, USA
- School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
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18
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Kita K, Gawinowska M, Chełmińska M, Niedoszytko M. The Role of Exhaled Breath Condensate in Chronic Inflammatory and Neoplastic Diseases of the Respiratory Tract. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7395. [PMID: 39000502 PMCID: PMC11242091 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are among the most common chronic respiratory diseases. Chronic inflammation of the airways leads to an increased production of inflammatory markers by the effector cells of the respiratory tract and lung tissue. These biomarkers allow the assessment of physiological and pathological processes and responses to therapeutic interventions. Lung cancer, which is characterized by high mortality, is one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers worldwide. Current screening methods and tissue biopsies have limitations that highlight the need for rapid diagnosis, patient differentiation, and effective management and monitoring. One promising non-invasive diagnostic method for respiratory diseases is the assessment of exhaled breath condensate (EBC). EBC contains a mixture of volatile and non-volatile biomarkers such as cytokines, leukotrienes, oxidative stress markers, and molecular biomarkers, providing significant information about inflammatory and neoplastic states in the lungs. This article summarizes the research on the application and development of EBC assessment in diagnosing and monitoring respiratory diseases, focusing on asthma, COPD, and lung cancer. The process of collecting condensate, potential issues, and selected groups of markers for detailed disease assessment in the future are discussed. Further research may contribute to the development of more precise and personalized diagnostic and treatment methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Kita
- Department of Allergology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Marika Gawinowska
- Department of Allergology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Marta Chełmińska
- Department of Allergology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Marek Niedoszytko
- Department of Allergology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland
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19
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Matboli M, Al-Amodi HS, Hamady S, Ali M, Roushdy MM, Hasanin AH, Aboul-Ela YM, Albadawy R, Gomaa E, Kamel HFM, ELsawi HA, Farid LM, Abouelkhair MB, Elmakromy GM, Fawzy NM. Experimental investigation for nonalcoholic fatty pancreas management using probiotics. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2024; 16:147. [PMID: 38961451 PMCID: PMC11223304 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-024-01378-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty pancreatitis (NAFP) presents a pressing challenge within the domain of metabolic disorders, necessitating further exploration to unveil its molecular intricacies and discover effective treatments. Our focus was to delve into the potential therapeutic impact of ZBiotic, a specially engineered strain of probiotic B. subtilis, in managing NAFP by targeting specific genes linked with necroptosis and the TNF signaling pathway, including TNF, ZBP1, HSPA1B, and MAPK3, along with their upstream epigenetic regulator, miR-5192, identified through bioinformatics. METHODS Rats were subjected to either a standard or high-fat, high-sucrose diet (HFHS) for eight weeks. Subsequently, they were divided into groups: NAFP model, and two additional groups receiving daily doses of ZBiotic (0.5 ml and 1 ml/kg), and the original B. subtilis strain group (1 ml/kg) for four weeks, alongside the HFHS diet. RESULTS ZBiotic exhibited remarkable efficacy in modulating gene expression, leading to the downregulation of miR-5192 and its target mRNAs (p < 0.001). Treatment resulted in the reversal of fibrosis, inflammation, and insulin resistance, evidenced by reductions in body weight, serum amylase, and lipase levels (p < 0.001), and decreased percentages of Caspase and Nuclear Factor Kappa-positive cells in pancreatic sections (p < 0.01). Notably, high-dose ZBiotic displayed superior efficacy compared to the original B. subtilis strain, highlighting its potential in mitigating NAFP progression by regulating pivotal pancreatic genes. CONCLUSION ZBiotic holds promise in curbing NAFP advancement, curbing fibrosis and inflammation while alleviating metabolic and pathological irregularities observed in the NAFP animal model. This impact was intricately linked to the modulation of necroptosis/TNF-mediated pathway-related signatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Matboli
- Medical biochemistry and molecular biology department, Faculty of medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt.
| | - Hiba S Al-Amodi
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaimaa Hamady
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt.
| | - Marwa Ali
- Medical biochemistry and molecular biology department, Faculty of medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Marian Ms Roushdy
- Medical biochemistry and molecular biology department, Faculty of medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Amany Helmy Hasanin
- Clinical pharmacology department, Faculty of medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Yasmin M Aboul-Ela
- Clinical pharmacology department, Faculty of medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Reda Albadawy
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, 13518, Egypt
| | - Eman Gomaa
- Histology and Cell biology department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hala F M Kamel
- Medical biochemistry and molecular biology department, Faculty of medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hind A ELsawi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Badr University in Cairo, Badr City, Egypt
| | - Laila M Farid
- Pathology department Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Giza, Egypt
| | | | - Gena M Elmakromy
- Endocrinology & Diabetes mellitus unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Badr University in Cairo, Badr City, Egypt
| | - Nesma Mohamed Fawzy
- Medical biochemistry and molecular biology department, Faculty of medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
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Hormati A, Ghoddoosi M, Pashaei MR, Habibi MA, Ahmadpour S. Cytomegalovirus Infection or Gastric Cancer? A Case Report and Review of the Literature. Gastroenterol Nurs 2024; 47:299-302. [PMID: 39087996 DOI: 10.1097/sga.0000000000000786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Hormati
- About the authors:Ahmad Hormati, PhD, is Associate Professor of Gastroenterology, Gastroentrology and Hepatology, Liver and Pancreatobiliary Diseases Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Mohammad Reza Pashaei, PhD, is Assistant Professor of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Science, Urmia, Iran; Patient Safety Research Center, Clinical Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Science, Urmia, Iran
- Mohammad Reza Pashaei, PhD, is Assistant Professor of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Patient Safety Research Center, Clinical Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Science, Urmia, Iran
- Mohammad Amin Habibi, is MD, Iranian Tissue Bank, Cell, Gene, and Therapy Institute, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran; and Clinical Research Development Center, Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
- Sajjad Ahmadpour, PhD, is Assistant Professor of Nuclear Pharmacy, Patient Safety Research Center, Clinical Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Science, Urmia, Iran
| | - Mahdiieh Ghoddoosi
- About the authors:Ahmad Hormati, PhD, is Associate Professor of Gastroenterology, Gastroentrology and Hepatology, Liver and Pancreatobiliary Diseases Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Mohammad Reza Pashaei, PhD, is Assistant Professor of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Science, Urmia, Iran; Patient Safety Research Center, Clinical Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Science, Urmia, Iran
- Mohammad Reza Pashaei, PhD, is Assistant Professor of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Patient Safety Research Center, Clinical Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Science, Urmia, Iran
- Mohammad Amin Habibi, is MD, Iranian Tissue Bank, Cell, Gene, and Therapy Institute, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran; and Clinical Research Development Center, Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
- Sajjad Ahmadpour, PhD, is Assistant Professor of Nuclear Pharmacy, Patient Safety Research Center, Clinical Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Science, Urmia, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Pashaei
- About the authors:Ahmad Hormati, PhD, is Associate Professor of Gastroenterology, Gastroentrology and Hepatology, Liver and Pancreatobiliary Diseases Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Mohammad Reza Pashaei, PhD, is Assistant Professor of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Science, Urmia, Iran; Patient Safety Research Center, Clinical Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Science, Urmia, Iran
- Mohammad Reza Pashaei, PhD, is Assistant Professor of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Patient Safety Research Center, Clinical Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Science, Urmia, Iran
- Mohammad Amin Habibi, is MD, Iranian Tissue Bank, Cell, Gene, and Therapy Institute, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran; and Clinical Research Development Center, Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
- Sajjad Ahmadpour, PhD, is Assistant Professor of Nuclear Pharmacy, Patient Safety Research Center, Clinical Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Science, Urmia, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Habibi
- About the authors:Ahmad Hormati, PhD, is Associate Professor of Gastroenterology, Gastroentrology and Hepatology, Liver and Pancreatobiliary Diseases Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Mohammad Reza Pashaei, PhD, is Assistant Professor of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Science, Urmia, Iran; Patient Safety Research Center, Clinical Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Science, Urmia, Iran
- Mohammad Reza Pashaei, PhD, is Assistant Professor of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Patient Safety Research Center, Clinical Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Science, Urmia, Iran
- Mohammad Amin Habibi, is MD, Iranian Tissue Bank, Cell, Gene, and Therapy Institute, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran; and Clinical Research Development Center, Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
- Sajjad Ahmadpour, PhD, is Assistant Professor of Nuclear Pharmacy, Patient Safety Research Center, Clinical Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Science, Urmia, Iran
| | - Sajjad Ahmadpour
- About the authors:Ahmad Hormati, PhD, is Associate Professor of Gastroenterology, Gastroentrology and Hepatology, Liver and Pancreatobiliary Diseases Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Mohammad Reza Pashaei, PhD, is Assistant Professor of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Science, Urmia, Iran; Patient Safety Research Center, Clinical Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Science, Urmia, Iran
- Mohammad Reza Pashaei, PhD, is Assistant Professor of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Patient Safety Research Center, Clinical Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Science, Urmia, Iran
- Mohammad Amin Habibi, is MD, Iranian Tissue Bank, Cell, Gene, and Therapy Institute, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran; and Clinical Research Development Center, Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
- Sajjad Ahmadpour, PhD, is Assistant Professor of Nuclear Pharmacy, Patient Safety Research Center, Clinical Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Science, Urmia, Iran
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Alsharif NM, Souleiman MM, Gunaseelan L, Big C. AIDS-Associated Cryptosporidial and Cytomegalovirus Cholangiopathy. Cureus 2024; 16:e63963. [PMID: 39104976 PMCID: PMC11299468 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.63963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)-associated cholangiopathy is a biliary tract condition seen in AIDS patients who are severely immunosuppressed, contributing to significant mortality in this population, even in developed countries with access to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). We discuss a thirty-six-year-old human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive male, non-compliant with HAART therapy, who presented with a one-year history of weight loss, persistent fatigue, and chronic diarrhea, which had worsened significantly in the past few weeks. Routine laboratory studies on presentation indicated elevated liver enzymes and alkaline phosphatase, a CD4 count of 2 cells/mm3, and a high HIV RNA count of 8.8 million. Imaging via CT of the abdomen and pelvis and ultrasound of the abdomen both displayed thickening and edema in the gallbladder without evidence of gallstones, raising concerns of acalculous cholecystitis. The patient subsequently decompensated, requiring intravenous vasopressors to maintain hemodynamic stability, broad-spectrum antibiotics, and resumption of antiretroviral therapy. Biliary fluid drainage was performed, and Cryptosporidium and cytomegalovirus (CMV) were detected via polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing. The diagnosis of AIDS cholangiopathy was established; however, the patient's diarrhea worsened upon the introduction of tube feeds. Despite ongoing antimicrobial treatment, the patient developed a fever of 101.4°F, became asystolic and subsequently passed away. This case highlights the diagnostic, management, and therapeutic challenges of AIDS cholangiopathy. Also, it underscores the importance of thorough investigation into even mild or intermittent diarrhea and abnormal liver function tests in all HIV-infected patients, particularly in severely immunosuppressed patients. AIDS cholangiopathy should be considered in AIDS patients with diarrhea and abnormal liver function tests, irrespective of age, due to its associated morbidity across all age groups. Laboratory investigations often reveal markedly elevated alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, and mild to moderate liver enzyme elevations as hallmark findings of AIDS cholangiopathy. Ultrasonography is the first-line screening modality of AIDS cholangiopathy. Cryptosporidium parvum is the most common infectious etiology of AIDS cholangiopathy and can be identified by DNA-based polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing of the stool or biliary fluid or acid-fast staining of stool specimens. Early detection of HIV infection and the prompt initiation and adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), which helps with maintaining a normal CD4 count and a low HIV viral load through HAART therapy, thereby significantly reducing the risk of developing AIDS cholangiopathy in HIV patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada M Alsharif
- Internal Medicine, Corewell Health Dearborn Hospital, Dearborn, USA
| | | | | | - Cecilia Big
- Infectious Disease, Corewell Health Dearborn Hospital, Dearborn, USA
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22
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Yang K, Chang Y, Jeong SW, Jang JY, Ryu T. Reassessing the Impact of Coffee Consumption on Liver Disease: Insights from a Large-Scale Cohort Study with IPTW Adjustment. Nutrients 2024; 16:2020. [PMID: 38999772 PMCID: PMC11243528 DOI: 10.3390/nu16132020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Coffee consumption is globally widespread and has become a lifestyle habit. This study investigated coffee consumption and liver-related survival in a large cohort of 455,870 individuals with UK biobank, categorized into without steatosis, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), and MASLD and increased alcohol intake (MetALD). Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) adjusted for confounding variables was used, followed by Kaplan-Meier analysis. Moderate coffee consumption (1-2 cups per day) was associated with lower all-cause mortality across the entire cohort, without the steatosis, MASLD (p < 0.0001), and MetALD cohorts (p = 0.0047 for pre-IPTW, p = 0.027 for post-IPTW). Before IPTW adjustment, consuming one or more cups of coffee per day appeared to significantly reduce liver-related mortality in the overall (p = 0.015) and MASLD cohorts (p = 0.011). However, post-IPTW application, no significant differences in liver-related mortality were observed between the coffee intake groups (p = 0.778, 0.319, 0.564, 0.238 for each group). While increased coffee consumption initially seemed to reduce liver-related mortality, after IPTW adjustment, only all-cause mortality significantly decreased (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.027). These findings suggest that previous studies might have overestimated the favorable effect of coffee intake on chronic liver disease due to confounding factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keungmo Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute for Digestive Research, Digestive Disease Center, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04401, Republic of Korea
| | - Soung Won Jeong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute for Digestive Research, Digestive Disease Center, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04401, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Young Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute for Digestive Research, Digestive Disease Center, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04401, Republic of Korea
| | - Tom Ryu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute for Digestive Research, Digestive Disease Center, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04401, Republic of Korea
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23
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Johnson A, Piplani S, Akpan E, Zinobia K, Bachan M, Radulovic M. Impact of connective tissue diseases on inpatient outcomes in gastrointestinal bleeding: insights from a national database analysis. Transl Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 9:35. [PMID: 39091649 PMCID: PMC11292097 DOI: 10.21037/tgh-24-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Connective tissue diseases (CTDs) are characterized by immune system dysregulation, which can profoundly impact the gastrointestinal (GI) system. While GI bleeding is a well-recognized cause of mortality and morbidity in the USA, its occurrence in patients with CTD remains documented but underexplored in terms of inpatient outcomes. GI bleeding in CTD is attributed to factors such as vasculopathy and drug-related risks, notably steroids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). This research seeks to conduct a comprehensive national-level analysis, utilizing the National Inpatient Sample (NIS), to compare GI bleeding outcomes between patients with CTD and those without this condition. Methods Utilizing the extensive NIS database covering 2020, we conducted a retrospective analysis of GI bleeding patients with CTD, identified through the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10). The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. The secondary outcomes included rate of urgent esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) and colonoscopy-endoscopy in 1 day or less, total rate of EGD and colonoscopy, rate of EGD and Colonoscopy with intervention, rate of complications including acute kidney injury (AKI), blood transfusion, sepsis, pneumonia, pulmonary embolism (PE) and healthcare utilization. Employing Stata software, we utilized multivariate logistic and linear regression analyses to adjust for confounders. Results There were 455,494 hospitalizations for GI bleeding and 19,874 involved patients with CTDs. The in-hospital mortality rate was significantly lower for CTD patients at 2.1%, compared to 2.4% for non-CTD patients [adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 0.79, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.63-0.99, P=0.04]. CTD patients showed increased odds of total EGD, urgent colonoscopy, and total colonoscopy; however, these changes were not statistically significant. CTD patients had higher odds of complications, including PE (6.87% vs. 4.12%, P=0.009). However, there were no significant differences in mean length of hospital stay and total hospital charges (THCs) compared to non-CTD patients. Conclusions Patients with CTD exhibited a lower in-hospital mortality rate compared to those without CTD. The elevated risk of PE underscores the importance of implementing prophylactic measures for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adejoke Johnson
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jacobi Medical Center/North Central Bronx Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shobhit Piplani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jacobi Medical Center/North Central Bronx Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ezekiel Akpan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jacobi Medical Center/North Central Bronx Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Khan Zinobia
- Department of Internal Medicine, James J Peters VA Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Moses Bachan
- Department of Internal Medicine, James J Peters VA Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Miroslav Radulovic
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jacobi Medical Center/North Central Bronx Hospital, New York, NY, USA
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24
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Ali S, Ramphul K, Rahman A, Akkaramani S, Dhaliwal J, Karalis I, Vakali M, Ahmed N, Shahbaz H, Ahmed M, Picker SM, Dhillon S, Ahmad A, Sakthivel H, Shahid F, Ahmed J, Ahmed R. Predictors of acute kidney injury among octogenarians undergoing open mitral valve repair. Arch Med Sci Atheroscler Dis 2024; 9:e129-e132. [PMID: 39086620 PMCID: PMC11289233 DOI: 10.5114/amsad/189732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shoaib Ali
- Northumbria Healthcare Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, England
| | | | - Asad Rahman
- Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK
| | | | | | | | - Maria Vakali
- Northumbria Healthcare Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, England
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Adeel Ahmad
- Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK
| | | | | | | | - Raheel Ahmed
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, UK
- Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK
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Smith AR, Rizvi F, Everton E, Adeagbo A, Wu S, Tam Y, Muramatsu H, Pardi N, Weissman D, Gouon-Evans V. Transient growth factor expression via mRNA in lipid nanoparticles promotes hepatocyte cell therapy in mice. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5010. [PMID: 38866762 PMCID: PMC11169405 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49332-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Primary human hepatocyte (PHH) transplantation is a promising alternative to liver transplantation, whereby liver function could be restored by partial repopulation of the diseased organ with healthy cells. However, currently PHH engraftment efficiency is low and benefits are not maintained long-term. Here we refine two male mouse models of human chronic and acute liver diseases to recapitulate compromised hepatocyte proliferation observed in nearly all human liver diseases by overexpression of p21 in hepatocytes. In these clinically relevant contexts, we demonstrate that transient, yet robust expression of human hepatocyte growth factor and epidermal growth factor in the liver via nucleoside-modified mRNA in lipid nanoparticles, whose safety was validated with mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines, drastically improves PHH engraftment, reduces disease burden, and improves overall liver function. This strategy may overcome the critical barriers to clinical translation of cell therapies with primary or stem cell-derived hepatocytes for the treatment of liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna R Smith
- Department of Medicine, Section of Gastroenterology, Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine & Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Fatima Rizvi
- Department of Medicine, Section of Gastroenterology, Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine & Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elissa Everton
- Department of Medicine, Section of Gastroenterology, Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine & Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anisah Adeagbo
- Department of Medicine, Section of Gastroenterology, Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine & Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Susan Wu
- Department of Medicine, Section of Gastroenterology, Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine & Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ying Tam
- Acuitas Therapeutics, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Hiromi Muramatsu
- Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Norbert Pardi
- Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Drew Weissman
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Valerie Gouon-Evans
- Department of Medicine, Section of Gastroenterology, Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine & Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.
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26
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Shao G, Liu Y, Lu L, Wang L, Ji G, Xu H. Therapeutic potential of traditional Chinese medicine in the prevention and treatment of digestive inflammatory cancer transformation: Portulaca oleracea L. as a promising drug. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 327:117999. [PMID: 38447616 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been used for centuries to treat various types of inflammation and tumors of the digestive system. Portulaca oleracea L. (POL), has been used in TCM for thousands of years. The chemical composition of POL is variable and includes flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids and organic acids and other classes of natural compounds. Many of these compounds exhibit powerful anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer-transforming effects in the digestive system. AIM OF STUDY In this review, we focus on the potential therapeutic role of POL in NASH, gastritis and colitis and their associated cancers, with a focus on the pharmacological properties and potential mechanisms of action of the main natural active compounds in POL. METHODS The information and data on Portulaca oleracea L. and its main active ingredients were collated from various resources like ethnobotanical textbooks and literature databases such as CNKI, VIP (Chinese literature), PubMed, Science Direct, Elsevier and Google Scholar (English literatures), Wiley, Springer, Tailor and Francis, Scopus, Inflibnet. RESULTS Kaempferol, luteolin, myricetin, quercetin, genistein, EPA, DHA, and melatonin were found to improve NASH and NASH-HCC, while kaempferol, apigenin, luteolin, and quercetin played a therapeutic role in gastritis and gastric cancer. Apigenin, luteolin, myricetin, quercetin, genistein, lupeol, vitamin C and melatonin were found to have therapeutic effects in the treatment of colitis and its associated cancers. The discovery of the beneficial effects of these natural active compounds in POL supports the idea that POL could be a promising novel candidate for the treatment and prevention of inflammation-related cancers of the digestive system. CONCLUSION The discovery of the beneficial effects of these natural active compounds in POL supports the idea that POL could be a promising novel candidate for the treatment and prevention of inflammation-related cancers of the digestive system. However, clinical data describing the mode of action of the naturally active compounds of POL are still lacking. In addition, pharmacokinetic data for POL compounds, such as changes in drug dose and absorption rates, cannot be extrapolated from animal models and need to be measured in patients in clinical trials. On the one hand, a systematic meta-analysis of the existing publications on TCM containing POL still needs to be carried out. On the other hand, studies on the hepatic and renal toxicity of POL are also needed. Additionally, well-designed preclinical and clinical studies to validate the therapeutic effects of TCM need to be performed, thus hopefully providing a basis for the validation of the clinical benefits of POL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaoxuan Shao
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China; Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Disease and Syndrome Biology of Inflammatory Cancer Transformation, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China; Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Disease and Syndrome Biology of Inflammatory Cancer Transformation, China
| | - Lu Lu
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China; Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Disease and Syndrome Biology of Inflammatory Cancer Transformation, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Hepatology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Guang Ji
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China; Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Disease and Syndrome Biology of Inflammatory Cancer Transformation, China.
| | - Hanchen Xu
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China; Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Disease and Syndrome Biology of Inflammatory Cancer Transformation, China.
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Nana Sede Mbakop R, Forlemu AN, Ugwu C, Soladoye E, Olaosebikan K, Obi ES, Amakye D. Racial Differences in Non-variceal Upper Gastrointestinal (GI) Bleeding: A Nationwide Study. Cureus 2024; 16:e61982. [PMID: 38984003 PMCID: PMC11232367 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.61982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Knowledge about the impact of race on non-variceal upper GI bleeding (NVUGIB) is limited. This study explored the racial differences in the etiology and outcome of NVUGIB. Methods We conducted a study from 2009 to 2014 using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) database. NIS is the largest publicly available all-payer inpatient database in the USA with more than seven million hospital stays each year. The International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) codes for NVUGIB, esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) and demographics were obtained. The outcomes of interest were in-hospital mortality, hospital length of stay (HLOS), total hospital charges, admission to the intensive care unit (ICU), and patient disposition. Analysis was conducted using Chi-square tests and Tukey multiple comparisons between groups. Results Among 1,082,516 patients with NVUGIB, African American and Native Americans had the highest proportions of hemorrhagic gastritis/duodenitis (8.2% and 4.2%, respectively) and Mallory-Weiss bleeding (10.4% and 5.4%, respectively; p<0.01). African Americans were less likely to get an EGD done within 24 hours of admission compared to Whites and Latinxs (45.9% vs 50.1% and 50.4%, respectively; p<0.001). In-hospital mortality was similar among African Americans, Latinxs, and Whites (5.8% vs 5.6% vs 5.9%, respectively; p=0.175). Asian/Pacific Islanders and African Americans were more likely to be admitted to the ICU (9.6% and 9.0%, respectively; p<0.001). Moreover, African Americans had a longer HLOS compared to Latinxs and Whites (7.5 vs 6.5 and 6.4 days, respectively; p<0.001). Conversely, Asian/Pacific Islanders and Latinx incurred the highest hospital total charges compared to African Americans and Whites ($81,821 and $69,267 vs $61,484 and $53,767, respectively; p<0.001). Conclusion African Americans are less likely to receive EGD within 24 hours of admission and are more likely to be admitted to the ICU with prolonged hospital lengths of stay. Latinxs are more likely to be uninsured and incur the highest hospital costs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arnold N Forlemu
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Brooklyn Hospital Center, Brooklyn, USA
| | - Chidiebube Ugwu
- Public Health, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, USA
| | | | | | - Emeka S Obi
- Public Health, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, USA
| | - Dominic Amakye
- Internal Medicine, Piedmont Athens Regional Medical Center, Athens, USA
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28
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Di Cola S, Khan S, Lapenna L, Merli M. Emerging drugs for the treatment of sarcopenia in cirrhosis of the liver. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs 2024; 29:81-91. [PMID: 38549232 DOI: 10.1080/14728214.2024.2332428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Malnutrition and sarcopenia are common and impact the prognosis in patients with liver cirrhosis. The etiology is multifactorial and includes periods of reduced caloric intake, increased catabolism and direct molecular mechanisms that inhibit muscle synthesis. Although these conditions are widely acknowledged, and there is a growing interest in their diagnosis, robust evidence regarding the treatment and reversibility of these conditions is still lacking. AREAS COVERED We have explored the current evidence on the pharmacological treatment of sarcopenia in patients with cirrhosis. Additionally, we have searched for drugs already in use and ongoing trials for other chronic diseases. EXPERT OPINION The current guidelines recommend the use of a protein-adequate diet and moderate physical activity for treating sarcopenia in patients with cirrhosis. Currently, robust evidence is derived only from the supplementation of Branched-Chain Amino Acids, capable of increasing muscle mass and function. There are many drugs targeting various pathways that contribute to sarcopenia. However, evidence is sporadic and insufficient to suggest their use in clinical practice.Novel drugs specifically designed to enhance muscle mass and function should be developed. Finally, gender significantly influences the type of muscle alteration and therapeutic mechanisms; therefore, future studies should be designed taking gender differences into consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Di Cola
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Saniya Khan
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Lucia Lapenna
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Manuela Merli
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Garg N, Nguyen TT, Astor BC, Zhong W, Parajuli S, Aziz F, Mohamed M, Djamali A, Norby SM, Mandelbrot DA. Oxalate Nephropathy After Kidney Transplantation: Risk Factors and Outcomes of Two Phenotypes. Clin Transplant 2024; 38:e15368. [PMID: 39031705 DOI: 10.1111/ctr.15368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
Describing risk factors and outcomes in kidney transplant recipients with oxalate nephropathy (ON) may help elucidate the pathogenesis and guide treatment strategies. We used a large single-center database to identify patients with ON and categorized them into delayed graft function with ON (DGF-ON) and late ON. Incidence density sampling was used to select controls. A total of 37 ON cases were diagnosed between 1/2011 and 1/2021. DGF-ON (n = 13) was diagnosed in 1.05% of the DGF population. Pancreatic atrophy on imaging (36.4% vs. 2.9%, p = 0.002) and gastric bypass history (7.7% vs. 0%; p = 0.06) were more common in DGF-ON than with controls with DGF requiring biopsy but without evidence of ON. DGF-ON was not associated with worse graft survival (p = 0.98) or death-censored graft survival (p = 0.48). Late ON (n = 24) was diagnosed after a mean of 78.2 months. Late ON patients were older (mean age 55.1 vs. 48.4 years; p = 0.02), more likely to be women (61.7% vs. 37.5%; p = 0.03), have gastric bypass history (8.3% vs. 0.8%; p = 0.02) and pancreatic atrophy on imaging (38.9% vs. 13.3%; p = 0.02). Late ON was associated with an increased risk of graft failure (HR 2.0; p = 0.07) and death-censored graft loss (HR 2.5; p = 0.10). We describe two phenotypes of ON after kidney transplantation: DGF-ON and late ON. Our study is the first to our knowledge to evaluate DGF-ON with DGF controls without ON. Although limited by small sample size, DGF-ON was not associated with adverse outcomes when compared with controls. Late ON predicted worse allograft outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neetika Garg
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Thanh Thanh Nguyen
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Brad C Astor
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Weixiong Zhong
- Department of Pathology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Sandesh Parajuli
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Fahad Aziz
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Maha Mohamed
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Arjang Djamali
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Suzanne M Norby
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Didier A Mandelbrot
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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Wang Z, Chang Y, Sun H, Li Y, Tang T. Advances in molecular mechanisms of inflammatory bowel disease‑associated colorectal cancer (Review). Oncol Lett 2024; 27:257. [PMID: 38646499 PMCID: PMC11027113 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2024.14390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The link between inflammation and cancer is well documented and colonic inflammation caused by inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is thought to be a high-risk factor for the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). The complex crosstalk between epithelial and inflammatory cells is thought to underlie the progression from inflammation to cancer. The present review collates and summarises recent advances in the understanding of the pathogenesis of IBD-associated CRC (IBD-CRC), including the oncogenic mechanisms of the main inflammatory signalling pathways and genetic alterations induced by oxidative stress during colonic inflammation, and discusses the crosstalk between the tumour microenvironment, intestinal flora and host immune factors during inflammatory oncogenesis in colitis-associated CRC. In addition, the therapeutic implications of anti-inflammatory therapy for IBD-CRC were discussed, intending to provide new insight into improve clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China
| | - Yu Chang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China
| | - Haibo Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China
| | - Yuqin Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China
| | - Tongyu Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China
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Esfahani SK, Dehghani S, Hosseinzadeh H, Abnous K, Taghdisi SM, Ramezani M, Alibolandi M. An exosomal approach for oral delivery of resveratrol: Implications for inflammatory bowel disease treatment in rat model. Life Sci 2024; 346:122638. [PMID: 38614294 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Resveratrol (RSV) is a polyphenolic substance found in numerous natural products. Despite the wide range of therapeutic activities, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, the poor pharmacokinetic characteristics decrease the RSV bioavailability following oral administration. Milk-derived exosomes (MEXOs), as a class of natural nanocarriers, are promising candidates for oral drug delivery approaches. MAIN METHODS The current study developed RSV-loaded MEXOs to enhance the RSV oral bioavailability, introducing a suitable exosomal formulation for suppressing colon inflammation in acetic acid-induced rat models. KEY FINDINGS The results showed a remarkable encapsulation efficiency of 83.33 %. The in vitro release profile demonstrated a good retaining capability in acidic conditions (pH 1.2) and a considerable release in a simulated duodenal environment (pH 6.8). According to the permeability study, encapsulation of RSV improved its transportation across the Caco-2 monolayer. Moreover, the in vivo and histological analysis results proved that the RSV-MEXOs formulation successfully alleviates the inflammation in colitis rat models and effectively relieves the colitis. SIGNIFICANCE Our findings suggest that MEXOs should be of great attention as promising oral drug delivery vehicles for further clinical evaluations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaghayegh Kazemi Esfahani
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sadegh Dehghani
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Hosseinzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Khalil Abnous
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Taghdisi
- Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ramezani
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Mona Alibolandi
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Minaiyan M, Abolhasani S, Sima S, Yegdaneh A. Effect of Tamarindus indica L. fruit pulp and seed extracts on experimental ulcerative colitis in rats. Res Pharm Sci 2024; 19:276-286. [PMID: 39035814 PMCID: PMC11257200 DOI: 10.4103/rps.rps_131_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose Tamarindus indica L. which has anti-inflammatory, radical scavenging, and ulcer healing effects can be useful for the alleviation of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Therefore, the effects of T. indica fruit pulp (TIPE) and seed extracts (TISE) were investigated on experimental colitis. Experimental approach TIPE and TISE (125, 250, and 500 mg/kg) were made by maceration (ethanol/water: 80/30) and administered to male Wistar rats with acetic acid-induced colitis. Prednisolone (4 mg/kg) and mesalazine (100 mg/kg) were used as reference drugs. The colon tissues were examined for macroscopic and pathologic parameters and myeloperoxidase (MPO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) values. Findings/Results The total phenols were 45.7 ± 1.1 and 453.0 ± 3.3 mg/g in terms of gallic acid for TIPE and TISE, respectively. Both of the extracts significantly improved most of the investigated parameters including body weight loss, the weight of colons, indices of ulcers, and total colitis. MPO activity and MDA in the treatment groups (except for TIPE at 125 mg/Kg) significantly decreased compared to the control. Conclusion and implications Both TIPE and TISE were effective in the treatment of colitis however it seems that the effective ingredients were more concentrated in seeds rather than pulp extract so the highest dose of seed extract had a competitive effect with reference drugs. More studies are needed to introduce T. indica as a suitable complementary medicine or food for patients with IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Minaiyan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Centre, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sepehr Abolhasani
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Setareh Sima
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Afsaneh Yegdaneh
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Okasha HH, Hegazy MA, Shaker O, Elfatah YA, El-Sawy SS, Abdelfatah D, Abdellatef A. Study of non-alcoholic fatty pancreatic disease among the Egyptian population and the value of serum fatty acid binding protein-1 (FABP-1) as a non-invasive biomarker. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2024; 48:102364. [PMID: 38788255 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2024.102364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty pancreas disease (NAFPD) can be detected using various imaging techniques, but accurately measuring the amount of fat in the pancreas remains difficult. Fatty acid binding protein-1 (FABP-1) is a marker specific to certain tissues and can aid in diagnosing NAFPD. However, this study aimed to investigate the prevalence of NAFPD among obese and non-obese people with and without diabetes mellitus (DM). Additionally, it aimed to evaluate the associated risk factors for NAFPD and the utility of the FABP-1 level as a simple, non-invasive biomarker for diagnosing NAFPD. METHODS This study is a prospective cross-sectional study. RESULTS Ninety-five patients were enrolled in the study, comprising 35 males and 60 females, with a mean age of 44 years and a standard deviation (SD) of 11 years. However, 26.3 % were morbidly obese, 22.1 % were severely obese, 31.6 % were obese, 12.6 % were overweight, and 7.4 % were normal. Additionally, 35.8 % had diabetes mellitus, while 26.3 % of patients had hypertension. Regarding the ultrasonographic findings, 94.7 % of the patients had fatty liver, with the majority (41.1 %) classified as grade II, followed by 38.9 % classified as grade I, and 14.7 % classified as grade III fatty liver. Among these patients, 78.9 % had fatty pancreas, with 38.9 % classified as grade II, 31.6 % classified as grade I, and 8.4 % classified as grade III fatty pancreas. The median FABP-1 level among patients with fatty pancreas was 3.3 ng/ml, which exhibited a significant fair negative correlation with total bilirubin and a fair, positive correlation with alkaline phosphatase and portal vein diameter. A statistically substantial distinction was observed between the levels of AFABP-1 and the presence or grading of the fatty pancreas (p-value = 0.048 and < 0.001, respectively). Using multivariate analysis, FABP-1 was the only significant predictor of a fatty pancreas. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis indicated that at a cut-off point of FABP-1 of ≤ 3.7, it had a sensitivity of 58 %, specificity of 80 %, positive predictive value (PPV) of 96.6 %, negative predictive value (NPV) of 17 %, and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.77. CONCLUSION NAFPD is becoming an increasingly significant challenge. FABP-1 can potentially be a straightforward and non-invasive predictor of the fatty pancreas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussein Hassan Okasha
- Internal Medicine Department, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kasr Al-Aini School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mona A Hegazy
- Internal Medicine Department, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kasr Al-Aini School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Olfat Shaker
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Yasmine Abd Elfatah
- Internal Medicine Department, DM and endocrinology Division, Kasr Al-Aini School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shereen Sadik El-Sawy
- Internal Medicine Department, DM and endocrinology Division, Kasr Al-Aini School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dalia Abdelfatah
- Cancer epidemiology and Biostatistics department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abeer Abdellatef
- Internal Medicine Department, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kasr Al-Aini School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
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Feng Y, Lu J, Jiang J, Wang M, Guo K, Lin S. Berberine: Potential preventive and therapeutic strategies for human colorectal cancer. Cell Biochem Funct 2024; 42:e4033. [PMID: 38742849 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.4033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common digestive tract tumor, with incidences continuing to rise. Although modern medicine has extended the survival time of CRC patients, its adverse effects and the financial burden cannot be ignored. CRC is a multi-step process and can be caused by the disturbance of gut microbiome and chronic inflammation's stimulation. Additionally, the presence of precancerous lesions is also a risk factor for CRC. Consequently, scientists are increasingly interested in identifying multi-target, safe, and economical herbal medicine and natural products. This paper summarizes berberine's (BBR) regulatory mechanisms in the occurrence and development of CRC. The findings indicate that BBR regulates gut microbiome homeostasis and controls mucosal inflammation to prevent CRC. In the CRC stage, BBR inhibits cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis, blocks the cell cycle, induces cell apoptosis, regulates cell metabolism, inhibits angiogenesis, and enhances chemosensitivity. BBR plays a role in the overall management of CRC. Therefore, using BBR as an adjunct to CRC prevention and treatment could become a future trend in oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqian Feng
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiamin Lu
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing Jiang
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Menglei Wang
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kaibo Guo
- Department of Oncology, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shengyou Lin
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Ichinose P, Miró MV, Viviani P, Herrera JM, Lifschitz A, Virkel G. Exploring precision-cut liver slices for comparative xenobiotic metabolism profiling in swine and cattle. Xenobiotica 2024; 54:279-287. [PMID: 38626291 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2024.2343905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
In vitro systems are useful tools for unravelling species differences in xenobiotic metabolism.The current work aimed to validate the technique of precision-cut liver slices (PCLS) for comparative studies on xenobiotic metabolism in swine and cattle.PCLS from swine (n = 3) and cattle (n = 3) were produced using a Brendel-VitronTM Tissue Slicer and cultured for 6 h. Tissue viability was preserved throughout the whole culture period.Metabolic viability was evaluated using the anthelmintics albendazole (ABZ) and fenbendazole (FBZ) as model drugs, as well as other substrates of hepatic monooxygenases: benzydamine (BZ) N-oxygenase (FMO-dependent), and the O-dealkylations of 7-ethoxyresorufin (EROD, CYP1A1-dependent) and 7-methoxyresorufin (MROD, CYP1A2-dependent).ABZ S-oxygenation resulted 6-fold (cattle) and 13.6-fold (swine) higher (p = 0.001) compared to FBZ S-oxygenation.Similar BZ N-oxygenation and EROD activities were observed in PCLS cultures from both species. MROD was 2.5-fold higher (p = 0.033) in swine than in cattle. Similarly, ABZ S-oxygenation was 1.7-fold higher (p = 0.0002) in swine than in cattle. Conversely, a 82% higher (p = 0.0003) rate of FBZ S-oxygenation was evidenced in PCLS cultures from cattle compared to those from swine.Overall, this work shows that PCLS cultures are useful to obtain relevant information on species differences in xenobiotic metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Ichinose
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNCPBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Victoria Miró
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNCPBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Paula Viviani
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNCPBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan Manuel Herrera
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Laboratorio de Histología y Embriología, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNCPBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Adrián Lifschitz
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNCPBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Guillermo Virkel
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNCPBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Mello DB, Mesquita FCP, Silva dos Santos D, Asensi KD, Dias ML, Campos de Carvalho AC, Goldenberg RCDS, Kasai-Brunswick TH. Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Based Products: Challenges and Clinical Therapeutic Options. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6063. [PMID: 38892249 PMCID: PMC11173248 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC)-based advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMPs) are being tried in a vast range of clinical applications. These cells can be isolated from different donor tissues by using several methods, or they can even be derived from induced pluripotent stem cells or embryonic stem cells. However, ATMP heterogeneity may impact product identity and potency, and, consequently, clinical trial outcomes. In this review, we discuss these topics and the need to establish minimal criteria regarding the manufacturing of MSCs so that these innovative therapeutics may be better positioned to contribute to the advancement of regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debora B. Mello
- National Center of Structural Biology and Bioimaging, CENABIO, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (D.B.M.); (A.C.C.d.C.)
| | | | - Danúbia Silva dos Santos
- Center of Cellular Technology, National Institute of Cardiology, INC, Rio de Janeiro 22240-002, Brazil;
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine-REGENERA, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (K.D.A.); (R.C.d.S.G.)
| | - Karina Dutra Asensi
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine-REGENERA, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (K.D.A.); (R.C.d.S.G.)
- Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil;
| | - Marlon Lemos Dias
- Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil;
| | - Antonio Carlos Campos de Carvalho
- National Center of Structural Biology and Bioimaging, CENABIO, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (D.B.M.); (A.C.C.d.C.)
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine-REGENERA, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (K.D.A.); (R.C.d.S.G.)
- Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil;
| | - Regina Coeli dos Santos Goldenberg
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine-REGENERA, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (K.D.A.); (R.C.d.S.G.)
- Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil;
| | - Tais Hanae Kasai-Brunswick
- National Center of Structural Biology and Bioimaging, CENABIO, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (D.B.M.); (A.C.C.d.C.)
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine-REGENERA, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (K.D.A.); (R.C.d.S.G.)
- Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil;
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Sallam M, Khalil R. Contemporary Insights into Hepatitis C Virus: A Comprehensive Review. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1035. [PMID: 38930417 PMCID: PMC11205832 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12061035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) remains a significant global health challenge. Approximately 50 million people were living with chronic hepatitis C based on the World Health Organization as of 2024, contributing extensively to global morbidity and mortality. The advent and approval of several direct-acting antiviral (DAA) regimens significantly improved HCV treatment, offering potentially high rates of cure for chronic hepatitis C. However, the promising aim of eventual HCV eradication remains challenging. Key challenges include the variability in DAA access across different regions, slightly variable response rates to DAAs across diverse patient populations and HCV genotypes/subtypes, and the emergence of resistance-associated substitutions (RASs), potentially conferring resistance to DAAs. Therefore, periodic reassessment of current HCV knowledge is needed. An up-to-date review on HCV is also necessitated based on the observed shifts in HCV epidemiological trends, continuous development and approval of therapeutic strategies, and changes in public health policies. Thus, the current comprehensive review aimed to integrate the latest knowledge on the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnostic approaches, treatment options and preventive strategies for HCV, with a particular focus on the current challenges associated with RASs and ongoing efforts in vaccine development. This review sought to provide healthcare professionals, researchers, and policymakers with the necessary insights to address the HCV burden more effectively. We aimed to highlight the progress made in managing and preventing HCV infection and to highlight the persistent barriers challenging the prevention of HCV infection. The overarching goal was to align with global health objectives towards reducing the burden of chronic hepatitis, aiming for its eventual elimination as a public health threat by 2030.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malik Sallam
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
- Department of Clinical Laboratories and Forensic Medicine, Jordan University Hospital, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Roaa Khalil
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
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Jiang H, Yang G, Chen J, Yuan S, Wu J, Zhang J, Zhang L, Yuan J, Lin J, Chen J, Yin Y. The correlation between selenium intake and lung function in asthmatic people: a cross-sectional study. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1362119. [PMID: 38826577 PMCID: PMC11141543 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1362119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to examine the correlation between selenium intake and lung function in asthmatic people. Methods A total of 4,541 individuals in the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were included in this study. Multivariate linear regression, variance inflation factor, restricted cubic splines and quantile regression were used to analyze the relationship between Se intake and lung function. We divided selenium intake into four levels based on quartiles: Q1: Se ≤ 76.75 mcg/d; Q2: 76.75-105.1 mcg/d; Q3: 105.1-137.65 mcg/d; and Q4: Se ≥137.65 mcg/d. Results Asthma was negatively associated with the Ratio of Forced Expiratory Volume 1st Second to Forced Vital Capacity (FEV1/FVC) (β = -0.04, 95% CI: -0.06 to -0.02) and FEV1 (β = -215, 95% CI: -340 to -90). Se intake was positively associated with Forced Expiratory Volume 1st Second (FEV1) (β =3.30 95% CI: 2.60 to 4.00) and Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) (β =4.30, 95% CI: 3.50 to 5.10). In asthmatic individuals, the positive effects of Se intake on FVC were enhanced with increasing Se intake, while the positive effects of Se intake on FEV1 varied less dramatically. High Se intake (Q4 level, above 137.65 mcg/d) improved FVC (β = 353, 95% CI: 80 to 626) and FEV1 (β = 543, 95% CI: 118 to 969) in asthmatic patients compared to low Se intake (Q1 level, below 76.75 mcg/d). At the Q2 level (76.75-105.1 mcg/d) and Q4 level (Se ≥137.65 mcg/d) of Se intake, the correlation between FEV1 and asthma disappeared. Conclusion Our research has revealed a positive correlation between selenium intake and lung function in asthma patients and the strength of this positive correlation is related to the amount of selenium intake. We recommend that asthma patients consume 137.65 mcg to 200 mcg of selenium daily to improve pulmonary function while avoiding the adverse effects of selenium on the human body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hejun Jiang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guijun Yang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Linyi Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital, Linyi Branch of Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Linyi, Shandong, China
| | - Shuhua Yuan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinhong Wu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiajun Yuan
- Medical Department of Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Pediatric AI Clinical Application and Research Center, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligence Pediatrics (SERCIP), Shanghai, China
| | - Jilei Lin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Pediatric AI Clinical Application and Research Center, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligence Pediatrics (SERCIP), Shanghai, China
| | - Jiande Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Yin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Linyi Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital, Linyi Branch of Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Linyi, Shandong, China
- Pediatric AI Clinical Application and Research Center, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligence Pediatrics (SERCIP), Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Children’s Medical Center Pediatric Medical Complex (Pudong), Shanghai, China
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Fidalgo DS, Jorge RMN, Parente MPL, Louwagie EM, Malanowska E, Myers KM, Oliveira DA. Pregnancy state before the onset of labor: a holistic mechanical perspective. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2024:10.1007/s10237-024-01853-3. [PMID: 38758337 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-024-01853-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Successful pregnancy highly depends on the complex interaction between the uterine body, cervix, and fetal membrane. This interaction is synchronized, usually following a specific sequence in normal vaginal deliveries: (1) cervical ripening, (2) uterine contractions, and (3) rupture of fetal membrane. The complex interaction between the cervix, fetal membrane, and uterine contractions before the onset of labor is investigated using a complete third-trimester gravid model of the uterus, cervix, fetal membrane, and abdomen. Through a series of numerical simulations, we investigate the mechanical impact of (i) initial cervical shape, (ii) cervical stiffness, (iii) cervical contractions, and (iv) intrauterine pressure. The findings of this work reveal several key observations: (i) maximum principal stress values in the cervix decrease in more dilated, shorter, and softer cervices; (ii) reduced cervical stiffness produces increased cervical dilation, larger cervical opening, and decreased cervical length; (iii) the initial cervical shape impacts final cervical dimensions; (iv) cervical contractions increase the maximum principal stress values and change the stress distributions; (v) cervical contractions potentiate cervical shortening and dilation; (vi) larger intrauterine pressure (IUP) causes considerably larger stress values and cervical opening, larger dilation, and smaller cervical length; and (vii) the biaxial strength of the fetal membrane is only surpassed in the cases of the (1) shortest and most dilated initial cervical geometry and (2) larger IUP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S Fidalgo
- Institute of Science and Innovation in Mechanical and Industrial Engineering (INEGI), R. Dr. Roberto Frias 400, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal.
- Mechanical Department (DEMec), Faculty of Engineering of University of Porto (FEUP), R. Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Renato M Natal Jorge
- Institute of Science and Innovation in Mechanical and Industrial Engineering (INEGI), R. Dr. Roberto Frias 400, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
- Mechanical Department (DEMec), Faculty of Engineering of University of Porto (FEUP), R. Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
| | - Marco P L Parente
- Institute of Science and Innovation in Mechanical and Industrial Engineering (INEGI), R. Dr. Roberto Frias 400, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
- Mechanical Department (DEMec), Faculty of Engineering of University of Porto (FEUP), R. Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
| | - Erin M Louwagie
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Ewelina Malanowska
- Department of Gynaecology, Endocrinology and Gynaecologic Oncology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Kristin M Myers
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Dulce A Oliveira
- Institute of Science and Innovation in Mechanical and Industrial Engineering (INEGI), R. Dr. Roberto Frias 400, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
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Profir M, Roşu OA, Creţoiu SM, Gaspar BS. Friend or Foe: Exploring the Relationship between the Gut Microbiota and the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Digestive Cancers. Microorganisms 2024; 12:955. [PMID: 38792785 PMCID: PMC11124004 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12050955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Digestive cancers are among the leading causes of cancer death in the world. However, the mechanisms of cancer development and progression are not fully understood. Accumulating evidence in recent years pointing to the bidirectional interactions between gut dysbiosis and the development of a specific type of gastrointestinal cancer is shedding light on the importance of this "unseen organ"-the microbiota. This review focuses on the local role of the gut microbiota imbalance in different digestive tract organs and annexes related to the carcinogenic mechanisms. Microbiota modulation, either by probiotic administration or by dietary changes, plays an important role in the future therapies of various digestive cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Profir
- Department of Oncology, Elias University Emergency Hospital, 011461 Bucharest, Romania; (M.P.); (O.A.R.)
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Cell and Molecular Biology and Histology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Oana Alexandra Roşu
- Department of Oncology, Elias University Emergency Hospital, 011461 Bucharest, Romania; (M.P.); (O.A.R.)
| | - Sanda Maria Creţoiu
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Cell and Molecular Biology and Histology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Bogdan Severus Gaspar
- Surgery Clinic, Emergency Clinical Hospital of Bucharest, 014461 Bucharest, Romania;
- Department of Surgery, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
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Pathak SJ, Avila P, Dai SC, Arain MA, Perito ER, Kouanda A. Index admission cholecystectomy for biliary acute pancreatitis or choledocholithiasis reduces 30-day readmission rates in children. Surg Endosc 2024; 38:2649-2656. [PMID: 38503905 PMCID: PMC11078817 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-024-10790-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adult patients with biliary acute pancreatitis (BAP) or choledocholithiasis who do not undergo cholecystectomy on index admission have worse outcomes. Given the paucity of data on the impact of cholecystectomy during index hospitalization in children, we examined readmission rates among pediatric patients with BAP or choledocholithiasis who underwent index cholecystectomy versus those who did not. METHODS Retrospective study of children (< 18 years old) admitted with BAP, without infection or necrosis (ICD-10 K85.10), or choledocholithiasis (K80.3x-K80.7x) using the 2018 National Readmission Database (NRD). Exclusion criteria were necrotizing pancreatitis with or without infected necrosis and death during index admission. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with 30-day readmission. RESULTS In 2018, 1122 children were admitted for index BAP (n = 377, 33.6%) or choledocholithiasis (n = 745, 66.4%). Mean age at admission was 13 (SD 4.2) years; most patients were female (n = 792, 70.6%). Index cholecystectomy was performed in 663 (59.1%) of cases. Thirty-day readmission rate was 10.9% in patients who underwent cholecystectomy during that index admission and 48.8% in those who did not (p < 0.001). In multivariable analysis, patients who underwent index cholecystectomy had lower odds of 30-day readmission than those who did not (OR 0.16, 95% CI 0.11-0.24, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Index cholecystectomy was performed in only 59% of pediatric patients admitted with BAP or choledocholithiasis but was associated with 84% decreased odds of readmission within 30 days. Current guidelines should be updated to reflect these findings, and future studies should evaluate barriers to index cholecystectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagar J Pathak
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Patrick Avila
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sun-Chuan Dai
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Mustafa A Arain
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Center for Interventional Endoscopy, AdventHealth, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Emily R Perito
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Abdul Kouanda
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Makri ES, Evripidou K, Polyzos SA. Circulating leptin in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease-related liver fibrosis: a systematic review and a meta-analysis. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 39:806-817. [PMID: 38238084 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.16480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Clinical data on the association between leptin levels and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)-related liver fibrosis are conflicting. This meta-analysis aimed to compare circulating leptin between NAFLD patients with versus without liver fibrosis or non-NAFLD controls. METHODS A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library. Fifteen studies were included, reporting data from 964 individuals (422 NAFLD patients with fibrosis, 297 NAFLD patients without fibrosis, 245 no-NAFLD controls). RESULTS Leptin standardized mean difference (SMD) was higher in NAFLD patients with fibrosis (F1-F4) than in controls (SMD: 2.27; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.81-3.73); however, this association did not remain robust after the exclusion of studies with morbidly obese individuals. No difference was observed in leptin SMD between NAFLD patients with fibrosis and those without fibrosis (F0), and NAFLD patients without fibrosis versus controls. Heterogeneity was high (I2: 66-98%) among studies. Meta-regression analysis revealed a positive association of leptin SMD with homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance, when comparing NAFLD patients with fibrosis versus NAFLD patients without fibrosis (beta: 0.53; 95% CI: 0.04-1.03), and a negative association of leptin SMD with age, when comparing NAFLD patients with fibrosis versus controls (beta: -0.29; 95% CI: -0.53 to -0.05). CONCLUSION Circulating leptin was higher in NAFLD patients with liver fibrosis than non-NAFLD controls, an association, however, attenuated after the exclusion of a study with morbidly obese individuals. Circulating leptin was not different between NAFLD patients with and without fibrosis, or NAFLD patients without fibrosis and controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia S Makri
- First Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Kleo Evripidou
- First Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Stergios A Polyzos
- First Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Kucharzik T, Dignass A, Atreya R, Bokemeyer B, Esters P, Herrlinger K, Kannengiesser K, Kienle P, Langhorst J, Lügering A, Schreiber S, Stallmach A, Stein J, Sturm A, Teich N, Siegmund B. Aktualisierte S3-Leitlinie Colitis ulcerosa (Version 6.2). ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GASTROENTEROLOGIE 2024; 62:769-858. [PMID: 38718808 DOI: 10.1055/a-2271-0994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- T Kucharzik
- Klinik für Allgemeine Innere Medizin und Gastroenterologie, Städtisches Klinikum Lüneburg, Lüneburg, Deutschland
| | - A Dignass
- Medizinische Klinik I, Agaplesion Markus Krankenhaus, Frankfurt, Deutschland
| | - R Atreya
- Medizinische Klinik 1 Gastroent., Pneumologie, Endokrin., Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Deutschland
| | - B Bokemeyer
- Interdisziplinäres Crohn Colitis Centrum Minden - ICCCM, Minden, Deutschland
| | - P Esters
- Medizinische Klinik I, Agaplesion Markus Krankenhaus, Frankfurt, Deutschland
| | - K Herrlinger
- Innere Medizin I, Asklepios Klinik Nord, Hamburg, Deutschland
| | - K Kannengiesser
- Klinik für Allgemeine Innere Medizin und Gastroenterologie, Städtisches Klinikum Lüneburg, Lüneburg, Deutschland
| | - P Kienle
- Abteilung für Allgemein- und Viszeralchirurgie, Theresienkrankenhaus, Mannheim, Deutschland
| | - J Langhorst
- Klinik für Integrative Medizin und Naturheilkunde, Sozialstiftung Bamberg Klinikum am Bruderwald, Bamberg, Deutschland
| | - A Lügering
- Medizinisches Versorgungszentrum Portal 10, Münster, Deutschland
| | - S Schreiber
- Klinik für Innere Medizin I, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig Holstein, Kiel, Deutschland
| | - A Stallmach
- Klinik für Innere Medizin IV Gastroenterologie, Hepatologie, Infektiologie, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Deutschland
| | - J Stein
- Abteilung Innere Medizin mit Schwerpunkt Gastroenterologie, Krankenhaus Sachsenhausen, Frankfurt, Deutschland
| | - A Sturm
- Klinik für Innere Medizin mit Schwerpunkt Gastroenterologie, DRK Kliniken Berlin Westend, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - N Teich
- Internistische Gemeinschaftspraxis, Leipzig, Deutschland
| | - B Siegmund
- Medizinische Klinik für Gastroenterologie, Infektiologie und Rheumatologie, Charité Campus Benjamin Franklin - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Deutschland
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Vonada A, Wakefield L, Martinez M, Harding CO, Grompe M, Tiyaboonchai A. Complete correction of murine phenylketonuria by selection-enhanced hepatocyte transplantation. Hepatology 2024; 79:1088-1097. [PMID: 37824086 DOI: 10.1097/hep.0000000000000631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Hepatocyte transplantation for genetic liver diseases has several potential advantages over gene therapy. However, the low efficiency of cell engraftment has limited its clinical implementation. This problem could be overcome by selectively expanding transplanted donor cells until they replace enough of the liver mass to achieve therapeutic benefit. We previously described a gene therapy method to selectively expand hepatocytes deficient in cytochrome p450 reductase (Cypor) using acetaminophen (APAP). Because Cypor is required for the transformation of APAP to a hepatotoxic metabolite, Cypor-deficient cells are protected from toxicity and are able to expand following APAP-induced liver injury. Here, we apply this selection system to correct a mouse model of phenylketonuria by cell transplantation. APPROACH AND RESULTS Hepatocytes from a wild-type donor animal were edited in vitro to create Cypor deficiency and then transplanted into phenylketonuric animals. Following selection with APAP, blood phenylalanine concentrations were fully normalized and remained stable following APAP withdrawal. Cypor-deficient hepatocytes expanded from < 1% to ~14% in corrected animals, and they showed no abnormalities in blood chemistries, liver histology, or drug metabolism. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that APAP-mediated selection of transplanted hepatocytes is a potential therapeutic for phenylketonuria with long-term efficacy and a favorable safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Vonada
- Oregon Stem Cell Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Leslie Wakefield
- Oregon Stem Cell Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Michael Martinez
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Cary O Harding
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Markus Grompe
- Oregon Stem Cell Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Amita Tiyaboonchai
- Oregon Stem Cell Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
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Schulze RJ, Strom SC, Nyberg SL. From pain to gain: Leveraging acetaminophen in hepatocyte transplantation for phenylketonuria. Hepatology 2024; 79:973-975. [PMID: 38085850 DOI: 10.1097/hep.0000000000000713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Stephen C Strom
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Scott L Nyberg
- Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- William J. von Liebig Center for Transplantation and Clinical Regeneration, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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Tunsakul N, Wongsaroj L, Janchot K, Pongpirul K, Somboonna N. Non-significant influence between aerobic and anaerobic sample transport materials on gut (fecal) microbiota in healthy and fat-metabolic disorder Thai adults. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17270. [PMID: 38650647 PMCID: PMC11034497 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The appropriate sample handling for human fecal microbiota studies is essential to prevent changes in bacterial composition and quantities that could lead to misinterpretation of the data. Methods This study firstly identified the potential effect of aerobic and anaerobic fecal sample collection and transport materials on microbiota and quantitative microbiota in healthy and fat-metabolic disorder Thai adults aged 23-43 years. We employed metagenomics followed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and 16S rRNA gene qPCR, to analyze taxonomic composition, alpha diversity, beta diversity, bacterial quantification, Pearson's correlation with clinical factors for fat-metabolic disorder, and the microbial community and species potential metabolic functions. Results Our study successfully obtained microbiota results in percent and quantitative compositions. Each sample exhibited quality sequences with a >99% Good's coverage index, and a relatively plateau rarefaction curve. Alpha diversity indices showed no statistical difference in percent and quantitative microbiota OTU richness and evenness, between aerobic and anaerobic sample transport materials. Obligate and facultative anaerobic species were analyzed and no statistical difference was observed. Supportively, the beta diversity analysis by non-metric multidimensional scale (NMDS) constructed using various beta diversity coefficients showed resembling microbiota community structures between aerobic and anaerobic sample transport groups (P = 0.86). On the other hand, the beta diversity could distinguish microbiota community structures between healthy and fat-metabolic disorder groups (P = 0.02), along with Pearson's correlated clinical parameters (i.e., age, liver stiffness, GGT, BMI, and TC), the significantly associated bacterial species and their microbial metabolic functions. For example, genera such as Ruminococcus and Bifidobacterium in healthy human gut provide functions in metabolisms of cofactors and vitamins, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites against gut pathogens, energy metabolisms, digestive system, and carbohydrate metabolism. These microbial functional characteristics were also predicted as healthy individual biomarkers by LEfSe scores. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that aerobic sample collection and transport (<48 h) did not statistically affect the microbiota and quantitative microbiota analyses in alpha and beta diversity measurements. The study also showed that the short-term aerobic sample collection and transport still allowed fecal microbiota differentiation between healthy and fat-metabolic disorder subjects, similar to anaerobic sample collection and transport. The core microbiota were analyzed, and the findings were consistent. Moreover, the microbiota-related metabolic potentials and bacterial species biomarkers in healthy and fat-metabolic disorder were suggested with statistical bioinformatics (i.e., Bacteroides plebeius).
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Affiliation(s)
- Naruemon Tunsakul
- Program in Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Lampet Wongsaroj
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kantima Janchot
- Center of Excellence in Preventive and Integrative Medicine (CE-PIM) and Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Krit Pongpirul
- Center of Excellence in Preventive and Integrative Medicine (CE-PIM) and Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Naraporn Somboonna
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Microbiome Research Unit for Probiotics in Food and Cosmetics, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Omics Sciences and Bioinformatics Center, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Multi-Omics for Functional Products in Food, Cosmetics and Animals Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Ayoub M, Faris C, Tomanguillo J, Anwar N, Chela H, Daglilar E. The Use of Pre-Endoscopic Metoclopramide Does Not Prevent the Need for Repeat Endoscopy: A U.S. Based Retrospective Cohort Study. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:526. [PMID: 38672796 PMCID: PMC11051147 DOI: 10.3390/life14040526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) can cause upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB), often needing esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). Second-look endoscopies verify resolution, but cost concerns prompt research on metoclopramide's efficacy compared to erythromycin. METHODS We analyzed the Diamond Network of TriNetX Research database, dividing UGIB patients with PUD undergoing EGD into three groups: metoclopramide, erythromycin, and no medication. Using 1:1 propensity score matching, we compared repeat EGD, post-EGD transfusion, and mortality within one month in two study arms. RESULTS Out of 97,040 patients, 11.5% received metoclopramide, 3.9% received erythromycin, and 84.6% received no medication. Comparing metoclopramide to no medication showed no significant difference in repeat EGD (10.1% vs. 9.7%, p = 0.34), transfusion (0.78% vs. 0.86%, p = 0.5), or mortality (1.08% vs. 1.08%, p = 0.95). However, metoclopramide had a higher repeat EGD rate compared to erythromycin (9.4% vs. 7.5%, p = 0.003), with no significant difference in transfusion or mortality. CONCLUSIONS The need to repeat EGD was not decreased with pre-EGD use of metoclopramide. If a prokinetic agent is to be used prior to EGD, erythromycin shows superior reduction in the need of repeat EGD as compared to metoclopramide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Ayoub
- Department of Internal Medicine, Charleston Area Medical Center, West Virginia University, Charleston, WV 25304, USA
| | - Carol Faris
- Department of General Surgery, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25755, USA;
| | - Julton Tomanguillo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Charleston Area Medical Center, West Virginia University, Charleston, WV 25304, USA
| | - Nadeem Anwar
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Charleston Area Medical Center, West Virginia University, Charleston, WV 25304, USA
| | - Harleen Chela
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Charleston Area Medical Center, West Virginia University, Charleston, WV 25304, USA
| | - Ebubekir Daglilar
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Charleston Area Medical Center, West Virginia University, Charleston, WV 25304, USA
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Nieto-Romero V, García-Torralba A, Molinos-Vicente A, Moya FJ, Rodríguez-Perales S, García-Escudero R, Salido E, Segovia JC, García-Bravo M. Restored glyoxylate metabolism after AGXT gene correction and direct reprogramming of primary hyperoxaluria type 1 fibroblasts. iScience 2024; 27:109530. [PMID: 38577102 PMCID: PMC10993186 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Primary hyperoxaluria type 1 (PH1) is a rare inherited metabolic disorder characterized by oxalate overproduction in the liver, resulting in renal damage. It is caused by mutations in the AGXT gene. Combined liver and kidney transplantation is currently the only permanent curative treatment. We combined locus-specific gene correction and hepatic direct cell reprogramming to generate autologous healthy induced hepatocytes (iHeps) from PH1 patient-derived fibroblasts. First, site-specific AGXT corrected cells were obtained by homology directed repair (HDR) assisted by CRISPR-Cas9, following two different strategies: accurate point mutation (c.731T>C) correction or knockin of an enhanced version of AGXT cDNA. Then, iHeps were generated, by overexpression of hepatic transcription factors. Generated AGXT-corrected iHeps showed hepatic gene expression profile and exhibited in vitro reversion of oxalate accumulation compared to non-edited PH1-derived iHeps. This strategy set up a potential alternative cellular source for liver cell replacement therapy and a personalized PH1 in vitro disease model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Nieto-Romero
- Cell Technology Division, Biomedical Innovation Unit, CIEMAT (Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER)-ISCIII, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD, UAM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Aida García-Torralba
- Cell Technology Division, Biomedical Innovation Unit, CIEMAT (Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER)-ISCIII, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD, UAM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrea Molinos-Vicente
- Cell Technology Division, Biomedical Innovation Unit, CIEMAT (Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER)-ISCIII, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD, UAM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco José Moya
- Molecular Cytogenetics and Genome Editing Unit, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (CNIO), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Rodríguez-Perales
- Molecular Cytogenetics and Genome Editing Unit, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (CNIO), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ramón García-Escudero
- Molecular Oncology Unit, CIEMAT (Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC)-ISCIII, Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12)-University Hospital 12 de Octubre, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduardo Salido
- Pathology Department, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Universidad La Laguna, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER)-ISCIII, 38320 Tenerife, Spain
| | - José-Carlos Segovia
- Cell Technology Division, Biomedical Innovation Unit, CIEMAT (Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER)-ISCIII, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD, UAM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María García-Bravo
- Cell Technology Division, Biomedical Innovation Unit, CIEMAT (Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER)-ISCIII, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD, UAM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
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49
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Mironova M, Ghany MG. Hepatitis B Vaccine: Four Decades on. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:439. [PMID: 38675820 PMCID: PMC11053833 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12040439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus is a substantial contributor to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) globally. Vaccination is the most effective method for prevention of hepatitis B and its associated morbidity and mortality, and the only method to prevent infection with hepatitis D virus. The hepatitis B vaccine has been used worldwide for more than four decades; it is available in a single- or triple-antigen form and in combination with vaccines against other infections. Introduction of the vaccine and administration at birth led to sustained decline in mother-to-child transmission, chronic hepatitis B, and HCC, however, global birth dose coverage remains suboptimal. In this review we will discuss different hepatitis B vaccine formulations and schedules, vaccination guidelines, durability of the response, and vaccine escape mutants, as well as the clinical and economic benefits of vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marc G. Ghany
- Clinical Hepatology Research Section, Liver Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1800, USA;
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50
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Tao W, Zhang Y, Wang B, Nie S, Fang L, Xiao J, Wu Y. Advances in molecular mechanisms and therapeutic strategies for central nervous system diseases based on gut microbiota imbalance. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00124-3. [PMID: 38579985 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUD Central nervous system (CNS) diseases pose a serious threat to human health, but the regulatory mechanisms and therapeutic strategies of CNS diseases need to be further explored. It has been demonstrated that the gut microbiota (GM) is closely related to CNS disease. GM structure disorders, abnormal microbial metabolites, intestinal barrier destruction and elevated inflammation exist in patients with CNS diseases and promote the development of CNS diseases. More importantly, GM remodeling alleviates CNS pathology to some extent. AIM OF REVIEW Here, we have summarized the regulatory mechanism of the GM in CNS diseases and the potential treatment strategies for CNS repair based on GM regulation, aiming to provide safer and more effective strategies for CNS repair from the perspective of GM regulation. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW The abundance and composition of GM is closely associated with the CNS diseases. On the basis of in-depth analysis of GM changes in mice with CNS disease, as well as the changes in its metabolites, therapeutic strategies, such as probiotics, prebiotics, and FMT, may be used to regulate GM balance and affect its microbial metabolites, thereby promoting the recovery of CNS diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Tao
- The Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Yanren Zhang
- The Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Bingbin Wang
- The Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Saiqun Nie
- The Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Li Fang
- The Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Jian Xiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China.
| | - Yanqing Wu
- The Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
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