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Nawaz A, Manzoor A, Ahmed S, Ahmed N, Abbas W, Mir MA, Bilal M, Sheikh A, Ahmad S, Jeelani I, Nakagawa T. Therapeutic approaches for chronic hepatitis C: a concise review. Front Pharmacol 2024; 14:1334160. [PMID: 38283838 PMCID: PMC10811011 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1334160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a significant global health concern, prompting the need for effective treatment strategies. This in-depth review critically assesses the landscape of HCV treatment, drawing parallels between traditional interferon/ribavirin therapy historically pivotal in HCV management and herbal approaches rooted in traditional and complementary medicine. Advancements in therapeutic development and enhanced clinical outcomes axis on a comprehensive understanding of the diverse HCV genome, its natural variations, pathogenesis, and the impact of dietary, social, environmental, and economic factors. A thorough analysis was conducted through reputable sources such as Science Direct, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, books, and dissertations. This review primarily focuses on the intricate nature of HCV genomes and explores the potential of botanical drugs in both preventing and treating HCV infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allah Nawaz
- Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Azhar Manzoor
- Department of Surgery, Bahawal Victoria Hospital, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Saeed Ahmed
- Department of Medicine, and Surgery, Rawalpindi Medical University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Naveed Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Poonch Rawalakot, Rawalakot, Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJ&K), Pakistan
| | - Waseem Abbas
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Mushtaq Ahmad Mir
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Alisha Sheikh
- Jammu Institute of Ayurveda and Research, University of Jammu, Jammu, India
| | - Saleem Ahmad
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Ishtiaq Jeelani
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakagawa
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
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Mandal A, Hazra B. Medicinal plant molecules against hepatitis C virus: Current status and future prospect. Phytother Res 2023; 37:4353-4374. [PMID: 37439007 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV), a global malady, causes acute and chronic hepatitis leading to permanent liver damage, hepatocellular carcinoma, and death. Modern anti-HCV therapies are efficient, but mostly inaccessible for residents of underdeveloped regions. To innovate more effective treatments at affordable cost, medicinal plant-based products need to be explored. The aim of this article is to review plant constituents in the light of putative anti-HCV mechanisms of action, and discuss existing problems, challenges, and future directions for their potential application in therapeutic settings. One hundred sixty literatures were collected by using appropriate search strings via scientific search engines: Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Scopus. Bibliography was prepared using Mendeley desktop software. We found a substantial number of plants that were reported to inhibit different stages of HCV life cycle. Traditional medicinal plants such as Phyllanthus amarus Schumach. and Thonn., Eclipta alba (L.) Hassk., and Acacia nilotica (L.) Delile exhibited strong anti-HCV activities. Again, several phytochemicals such as epigallocatechin-3-gallate, honokilol, punicalagin, and quercetin have shown broad-spectrum anti-HCV effect. We have presented promising phytochemicals like silymarin, curcumin, glycyrrhizin, and camptothecin for nanoparticle-based hepatocyte-targeted drug delivery. Nevertheless, only a few animal studies have been performed to validate the anti-HCV effect of these plant products. Again, insufficient clinical evaluation of the safety and effectiveness of herbal medications remain a problem. Selected plants products could be developed as novel therapeutics for HCV patients only after scrupulous evaluation of their safety and efficacy in a clinical set-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirban Mandal
- Department of Microbiology, Mrinalini Datta Mahavidyapith, Birati, Kolkata, India
| | - Banasri Hazra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
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Yi B, Chew BXZ, Chen H, Lee RCH, Fong YD, Chin WX, Mok CK, Chu JJH. Antiviral Activity of Catechin against Dengue Virus Infection. Viruses 2023; 15:1377. [PMID: 37376676 DOI: 10.3390/v15061377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV) is the cause of dengue fever, infecting 390 million people worldwide per year. It is transmitted to humans through the bites of mosquitoes and could potentially develop severe symptoms. In spite of the rising social and economic impact inflicted by the disease on the global population, a conspicuous lack of efficacious therapeutics against DENV still persists. In this study, catechin, a natural polyphenol compound, was evaluated as a DENV infection inhibitor in vitro. Through time-course studies, catechin was shown to inhibit a post-entry stage of the DENV replication cycle. Further investigation revealed its role in affecting viral protein translation. Catechin inhibited the replication of all four DENV serotypes and chikungunya virus (CHIKV). Together, these results demonstrate the ability of catechin to inhibit DENV replication, hinting at its potential to be used as a starting scaffold for further development of antivirals against DENV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Yi
- Laboratory of Molecular RNA Virology and Antiviral Strategies, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
- Infectious Disease Translational Research Programme and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
- Biosafety Level 3 Core Facility, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Benjamin Xuan Zheng Chew
- Laboratory of Molecular RNA Virology and Antiviral Strategies, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
- Infectious Disease Translational Research Programme and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Huixin Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular RNA Virology and Antiviral Strategies, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
- Infectious Disease Translational Research Programme and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
- Biosafety Level 3 Core Facility, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Regina Ching Hua Lee
- Laboratory of Molecular RNA Virology and Antiviral Strategies, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
- Infectious Disease Translational Research Programme and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Yuhui Deborah Fong
- Laboratory of Molecular RNA Virology and Antiviral Strategies, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
- Infectious Disease Translational Research Programme and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Wei Xin Chin
- Laboratory of Molecular RNA Virology and Antiviral Strategies, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
- Infectious Disease Translational Research Programme and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Chee Keng Mok
- A*STAR Infectious Diseases Labs (A*STAR ID Labs), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Justin Jang Hann Chu
- Laboratory of Molecular RNA Virology and Antiviral Strategies, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
- Infectious Disease Translational Research Programme and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
- Biosafety Level 3 Core Facility, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- Collaborative and Translation Unit for HFMD, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138673, Singapore
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Ge J, Song T, Li M, Chen W, Li J, Gong S, Zhao Y, Ma L, Yu H, Li X, Fu K. The medicinal value of tea drinking in the management of COVID-19. Heliyon 2023; 9:e12968. [PMID: 36647394 PMCID: PMC9833859 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e12968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is presently the largest international public health event, individuals infected by the virus not only have symptoms such as fever, dry cough, and lung infection at the time of onset, but also possibly have sequelae in the cardiovascular system, respiratory system, nervous system, mental health and other aspects. However, numerous studies have depicted that the active ingredients in tea show good antiviral effects and can treat various diseases by regulating multiple pathways, and the therapeutic effects are associated with the categories of chemical components in tea. In this review, the differences in the content of key active ingredients in different types of tea are summarized. In addition, we also highlighted their effects on COVID-19 and connected sequelae, further demonstrating the possibility of developing a formulation for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 and its sequelae through tea extracts. We have a tendency to suggest forestalling and treating COVID-19 and its sequelae through scientific tea drinking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaming Ge
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 301617, Tianjin, China
| | - Tianbao Song
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 301617, Tianjin, China
| | - Mengyuan Li
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 301617, Tianjin, China
| | - Weisan Chen
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 301617, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiarong Li
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 301617, Tianjin, China
| | - Sihan Gong
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 301617, Tianjin, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 301617, Tianjin, China
| | - Lin Ma
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 301617, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongjian Yu
- Wuxi Century Bioengineering Co., Ltd., Wuxi 214000, China
| | - Xiankuan Li
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 301617, Tianjin, China,Corresponding author10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, China.
| | - Kun Fu
- Second Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 300120, Tianjin, China,Corresponding author. 69 Increasen Road, Hebei District, Tianjin, China.
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Cheng Y, Liu M, Yu Q, Huang S, Han S, Shi J, Wei H, Zou J, Li P. Effect of EGCG Extracted from Green Tea against Largemouth Bass Virus Infection. Viruses 2023; 15:151. [PMID: 36680191 PMCID: PMC9864265 DOI: 10.3390/v15010151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Largemouth bass virus (LMBV) is a major viral pathogen in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) aquaculture that often causes high mortality and heavy economic losses, thus developing treatments to combat this pathogen is of great commercial importance. Green tea is a well-known medicinal plant that contains active ingredients with antiviral, antibacterial, and other biological activities. The goals of this study were to explore the effect and mechanism of green tea source compounds on LMBV and provide data to serve as the basis for the screening of targeted drugs in the future. In this study, we evaluated the effects of the main component of green tea, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), against LMBV infection. (2) Methods: The safe working concentration of EGCG was identified by cell viability detection and light microscopy. The antiviral activity and mechanism of action of EGCG against LMBV infection were evaluated with light microscopy, an aptamer 6-carboxy-fluorescein-based fluorescent molecular probe, and reverse transcription quantitative PCR. (3) Results: The safe working concentration of EGCG was ≤10 μg/mL. EGCG showed significant anti-LMBV infection activity in a concentration-dependent manner, and it also destroyed the structure of virus particles. EGCG impacted the binding of virus particles to cell receptors and virus invasion into the host cells. Inhibitory effects of EGCG on LMBV particles, LMBV binding to the host-cell membrane, and LMBV invasion were 84.89%, 98.99%, and 95.23%, respectively. Meanwhile, the effects of EGCG subsequently were verified in vivo. The fatality rate of the LMBV + EGCG group was significantly lower than that of the LMBV group. (4) Conclusions: Our results suggest that EGCG has effective antiviral properties against LMBV and may be a candidate for the effective treatment and control of LMBV infections in largemouth bass aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Cheng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biotechnology and Modern Ecological Aquaculture, Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Fishery Major Diseases Control and Efficient Healthy Breeding Industrial Technology (GERCFT), Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning 530000, China
| | - Mingzhu Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biotechnology and Modern Ecological Aquaculture, Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Fishery Major Diseases Control and Efficient Healthy Breeding Industrial Technology (GERCFT), Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning 530000, China
| | - Qing Yu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biotechnology and Modern Ecological Aquaculture, Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Fishery Major Diseases Control and Efficient Healthy Breeding Industrial Technology (GERCFT), Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning 530000, China
- China-ASEAN Modern Fishery Industry Technology Transfer Demonstration Center, Nanning 530000, China
| | - Shuaishuai Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biotechnology and Modern Ecological Aquaculture, Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Fishery Major Diseases Control and Efficient Healthy Breeding Industrial Technology (GERCFT), Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning 530000, China
| | - Shuyu Han
- Guangxi Fisheries Technology Extension Station, Nanning 530000, China
| | - Jingu Shi
- Beihai Fisheries Technology Extension Station, Beihai 536001, China
| | - Hongling Wei
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biotechnology and Modern Ecological Aquaculture, Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Fishery Major Diseases Control and Efficient Healthy Breeding Industrial Technology (GERCFT), Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning 530000, China
| | - Jianwei Zou
- Beihai Fisheries Technology Extension Station, Beihai 536001, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biotechnology and Modern Ecological Aquaculture, Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Fishery Major Diseases Control and Efficient Healthy Breeding Industrial Technology (GERCFT), Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning 530000, China
- China-ASEAN Modern Fishery Industry Technology Transfer Demonstration Center, Nanning 530000, China
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Roy A, Roy M, Gacem A, Datta S, Zeyaullah M, Muzammil K, Farghaly TA, Abdellattif MH, Yadav KK, Simal-Gandara J. Role of bioactive compounds in the treatment of hepatitis: A review. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1051751. [PMID: 36618936 PMCID: PMC9810990 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1051751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis causes liver infection leading to inflammation that is swelling of the liver. They are of various types and detrimental to human beings. Natural products have recently been used to develop antiviral drugs against severe viral infections like viral hepatitis. They are usually extracted from herbs or plants and animals. The naturally derived compounds have demonstrated significant antiviral effects against the hepatitis virus and they interfere with different stages of the life cycle of the virus, viral release, replication, and its host-specific interactions. Antiviral activities have been demonstrated by natural products such as phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, xanthones, anthraquinones, terpenoids, alkaloids, aromatics, etc., against hepatitis B and hepatitis C viruses. The recent studies conducted to understand the viral hepatitis life cycle, more effective naturally derived drugs are being produced with a promising future for the treatment of the infection. This review emphasizes the current strategies for treating hepatitis, their shortcomings, the properties of natural products and their numerous types, clinical trials, and future prospects as potential drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpita Roy
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India,*Correspondence: Arpita Roy, ; Jesus Simal-Gandara,
| | - Madhura Roy
- Centre for Translational and Clinical Research, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
| | - Amel Gacem
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University 20 Août 1955, Skikda, Algeria
| | - Shreeja Datta
- Biotechnology Department, Delhi Technological University, Rohini, India
| | - Md. Zeyaullah
- Department of Basic Medical Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Khamis Mushait Campus, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khursheed Muzammil
- Department of Public Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Khamis Mushait Campus, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thoraya A. Farghaly
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al‐Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Magda H. Abdellattif
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Krishna Kumar Yadav
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Madhyanchal Professional University, Bhopal, India
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Universidade de Vigo, Ourense, Spain,*Correspondence: Arpita Roy, ; Jesus Simal-Gandara,
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Khan MAS, Parveen R, Hoque SA, Ahmed MF, Rouf ASS, Rahman SR. Implementing in vitro and in silico approaches to evaluate anti-influenza virus activity of different Bangladeshi plant extracts. ADVANCES IN TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13596-022-00669-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Saputro AH, Artarini AA, Tjahjono DH, Damayanti S. The long and stumble way to find potential active compounds from plants for defeating hepatitis B and C: review. PHARMACIA 2022. [DOI: 10.3897/pharmacia.69.e85160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis is a liver illness caused by virus such as hepatitis A virus, hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus. Hepatitis B and C are considerably more usual and induce more cirrhosis and dead worldwide than hepatitis A. Although drugs that are currently often used in the medication of hepatitis B and C, the finding of recent drug from various resources including herbal has been intensively developed. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to consider the possibility of plant’s compounds as anti-HBV and anti-HCV. From the results of a review of several articles, several plant’s compound have shown effectiveness againts HBV and HCV by in silico, in vitro and in vivo studies. In conclusion, several plant’s active compounds are possibility to be developed as anti-hepatitis B and C.
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Tale of Viruses in Male Infertility. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1358:275-323. [PMID: 35641875 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-89340-8_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Male infertility is a condition where the males either become sterile or critically infertile. The World Health Organisation assessed that approximately 9% of the couple have fertility issues where the contribution of the male partner was estimated to be 50%. There are several factors that can amalgamate to give rise to male infertility. Among them are lifestyle factors, genetic factors and as well as several environmental factors. The causes of male infertility may be acquired, congenital or sometimes idiopathic. All these factors adversely affect the spermatogenesis process as well as they impart serious threats to male genital organs thus resulting in infertility. Viruses are submicroscopic pathogenic agents that rely on host for their replication and survival. They enter the host cell, hijack the host cell machinery to aid their own replication and exit the cell for a new round of infection. With the growing abundance of different types of viruses and the havoc they have stirred in the form of pandemics, it is very essential to decipher their route of entry inside the human body and understand their diverse functional roles in order to combat them. In this chapter, we will review how viruses invade the male genital system thus in turn leading to detrimental consequence on male fertility. We will discuss the tropism of various viruses in the male genital organs and explore their sexual transmissibility. This chapter will summarise the functional and mechanistic approaches employed by the viruses in inducing oxidative stress inside spermatozoa thus leading to male infertility. Moreover, we will also highlight the various antiviral therapies that have been studied so far in order to ameliorate viral infection in order to combat the harmful consequences leading to male infertility.
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Multidimensional in silico strategy for identification of natural polyphenols-based SARS-CoV-2 main protease (M pro) inhibitors to unveil a hope against COVID-19. Comput Biol Med 2022; 145:105452. [PMID: 35364308 PMCID: PMC8957318 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2022.105452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2, a rapidly spreading new strain of human coronavirus, has affected almost all the countries around the world. The lack of specific drugs against SARS-CoV-2 is a significant hurdle towards the successful treatment of COVID-19. Thus, there is an urgent need to boost up research for the development of effective therapeutics against COVID-19. In the current study, we investigated the efficacy of 81 medicinal plant-based bioactive compounds against SARS-CoV-2 Mpro by using various in silico techniques. The interaction affinities of polyphenolic compounds towards SARS-CoV-2 Mpro was assessed via intramolecular (by Quantum Mechanic), intermolecular (by Molecular Docking), and spatial (by Molecular Dynamic) simulations. Our obtained result demonstrate that Hesperidin, rutin, diosmin, and apiin are most effective compounds agents against SARS-CoV-2 Mpro as compared to Nelfinavir (positive control). This study will hopefully pave a way for advanced experimental research to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo efficacy of these compounds for the treatment of COVID-19.
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Goyal R, Bala R, Sindhu RK, Zehravi M, Madaan R, Ramproshad S, Mondal B, Dey A, Rahman MH, Cavalu S. Bioactive Based Nanocarriers for the Treatment of Viral Infections and SARS-CoV-2. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12091530. [PMID: 35564239 PMCID: PMC9104170 DOI: 10.3390/nano12091530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Since ancient times, plants have been used for their medicinal properties. They provide us with many phytomolecules, which serve a synergistic function for human well-being. Along with anti-microbial, plants also possess anti-viral activities. In Western nations, about 50% of medicines were extracted from plants or their constituents. The spread and pandemic of viral diseases are becoming a major threat to public health and a burden on the financial prosperity of communities worldwide. In recent years, SARS-CoV-2 has made a dramatic lifestyle change. This has promoted scientists not to use synthetic anti-virals, such as protease inhibitors, nucleic acid analogs, and other anti-virals, but to study less toxic anti-viral phytomolecules. An emerging approach includes searching for eco-friendly therapeutic molecules to develop phytopharmaceuticals. This article briefly discusses numerous bioactive molecules that possess anti-viral properties, their mode of action, and possible applications in treating viral diseases, with a special focus on coronavirus and various nano-formulations used as a carrier for the delivery of phytoconstituents for improved bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Goyal
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, Punjab, India; (R.G.); (R.B.); (R.M.)
| | - Rajni Bala
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, Punjab, India; (R.G.); (R.B.); (R.M.)
| | - Rakesh K. Sindhu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, Punjab, India; (R.G.); (R.B.); (R.M.)
- Correspondence: (R.K.S.); (M.H.R.); (S.C.)
| | - Mehrukh Zehravi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy Girls Section, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul Aziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Reecha Madaan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, Punjab, India; (R.G.); (R.B.); (R.M.)
| | - Sarker Ramproshad
- Department of Pharmacy, Ranada Prasad Shaha University, Narayanganj 1400, Bangladesh; (S.R.); (B.M.)
| | - Banani Mondal
- Department of Pharmacy, Ranada Prasad Shaha University, Narayanganj 1400, Bangladesh; (S.R.); (B.M.)
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata 700073, West Bengal, India;
| | - Md. Habibur Rahman
- Department of Global Medical Science, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju 26426, Gangwon-do, Korea
- Correspondence: (R.K.S.); (M.H.R.); (S.C.)
| | - Simona Cavalu
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, P-ta 1 Decembrie 10, 410087 Oradea, Romania
- Correspondence: (R.K.S.); (M.H.R.); (S.C.)
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Adedotun IO, Abdul-Hammed M, Hamzat BA, Adepoju AJ, Akinboade MW, Afolabi TI, Ismail UT. Molecular docking, ADMET analysis, and bioactivity studies of phytochemicals from Phyllanthus niruri as potential inhibitors of hepatitis C virus NSB5 polymerase. J INDIAN CHEM SOC 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jics.2021.100321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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13
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Coelho C, Gallo G, Hardy L, Bottazzi ME, Campos C, Wurtele M. Biochemical Screening of Potent Zika Virus Protease Inhibitors. ChemMedChem 2022; 17:e202100695. [PMID: 35104396 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202100695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
As the Zika virus protease is an essential and well-established target for the development of antiviral agents, we here have biochemically screened for inhibitors using a purified recombinantly expressed form of this enzyme. As a result, we were able to identify 10 new Zika virus protease inhibitors. These compounds are natural products and showed strong inhibition in the biochemical assays. Inhibitory constants values for the compounds ranged from 5 nM to 8 μM. Among the most potent inhibitors are flavonoids like irigenol hexa-acetate (K i = 0.28 μM), katacine (K i = 0.26 μM), theaflavin gallate (K i = 0.40 μM) and hematein (K i = 0.33 μM). Inhibitors from other groups of natural products include sennoside A (K i = 0.19 μM) and gossypol (K i = 0.70 μM). Several of the obtained compounds are known for their beneficial health effects and have acceptable pharmacokinetic characteristics. Thus, they could be of interest as lead compounds for the development of important and essential Zika antiviral drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Coelho
- Federal University of São Paulo, Science and Technology, BRAZIL
| | - Gloria Gallo
- Federal University of Sao Paulo, Science and Technology, Av Talim 330, Sao Paulo, 12231-280, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
| | - Leon Hardy
- University of South Florida, Physics, UNITED STATES
| | | | - Claudia Campos
- Federal University of Sao Paulo, Science and Technology, Talim 330, São José dos Campos, 12231-280, São José dos Campos, BRAZIL
| | - Martin Wurtele
- UNIFESP: Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Science and Technology, Talim 330, 12231-280, São José dos Campos, BRAZIL
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14
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Investigation of the Oral Retention of Tea Catechins in Humans: An Exploratory Interventional Study. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13093024. [PMID: 34578903 PMCID: PMC8471449 DOI: 10.3390/nu13093024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Green tea catechin ingestion or gargling exhibit anti-viral activity against upper respiratory infection. We hypothesized that retention in the oral cavity could improve the anti-viral effects of catechins. The present study investigated the oral retention of catechins in humans and the effect of catechin beverage viscosity on oral retention. Two intervention studies with different test beverages, beverage-C (40 mL, containing 73.4 mg of catechins) and beverage-XT (40 mL, beverage-C containing 100 mg xanthan gum) were conducted in 20 healthy volunteers (mean age 38.7 years). Catechin concentrations were measured in buccal mucosa samples collected at 10 min, 40 min, and 60 min after ingesting test beverages, and the catechin variability of the tissue after intake was compared between test beverages. As a result, the mean (SEM) concentrations of EGCG were 99.9 (27.2), 58.2 (16.6), and 22.3 (5.7) ng/mg-mucosa at 10, 40, and 60 min, respectively, after ingestion of beverage-XT. Similarly, the catechin concentrations were 86.1 (20.3), 32.2 (5.3), and 27.8 (5.9) ng/mg-mucosa after ingestion of beverage-C. The total retention volume over 60 min tended to be slightly higher after ingestion of beverage-XT, though the difference was not statistically significant. Additional studies are needed to confirm the effect of xanthan gum on improving oral retention of catechins.
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15
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Santana MS, Lopes R, Peron IH, Cruz CR, Gaspar AM, Costa PI. Natural Bioactive Compounds as Adjuvant Therapy for Hepatitis C Infection. CURRENT NUTRITION & FOOD SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1573401316999201009152726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Hepatitis C virus infection is a significant global health burden, which
causes acute or chronic hepatitis. Acute hepatitis C is generally asymptomatic and progresses to
cure, while persistent infection can progress to chronic liver disease and extrahepatic manifestations.
Standard treatment is expensive, poorly tolerated, and has variable sustained virologic responses
amongst the different viral genotypes. New therapies involve direct acting antivirals; however,
it is also very expensive and may not be accessible for all patients worldwide. In order to provide
a complementary approach to the already existing therapies, natural bioactive compounds are
investigated as to their several biologic activities, such as direct antiviral properties against hepatitis
C, and effects on mitigating chronic progression of the disease, which include hepatoprotective,
antioxidant, anticarcinogenic and anti-inflammatory activities; additionally, these compounds present
advantages, as chemical diversity, low cost of production and milder or inexistent side effects.
Objective:
To present a broad perspective on hepatitis C infection, the chronic disease, and natural
compounds with promising anti-HCV activity. Methods: This review consists of a systematic review
study about the natural bioactive compounds as a potential therapy for hepatitis C infection.
Results:
The quest for natural products has yielded compounds with biologic activity, including viral
replication inhibition in vitro, demonstrating antiviral activity against hepatitis C.
Conclusion:
One of the greatest advantages of using natural molecules from plant extracts is the
low cost of production, not requiring chemical synthesis, which can lead to less expensive therapies
available to low and middle-income countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moema S. Santana
- Food and Nutrition Department, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara-SP, Brazil
| | - Rute Lopes
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Chemistry, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara-SP, Brazil
| | - Isabela H. Peron
- Food and Nutrition Department, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara-SP, Brazil
| | - Carla R. Cruz
- Food and Nutrition Department, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara-SP, Brazil
| | - Ana M.M. Gaspar
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara-SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo I. Costa
- Food and Nutrition Department, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara-SP, Brazil
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16
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Musarra-Pizzo M, Pennisi R, Ben-Amor I, Mandalari G, Sciortino MT. Antiviral Activity Exerted by Natural Products against Human Viruses. Viruses 2021; 13:v13050828. [PMID: 34064347 PMCID: PMC8147851 DOI: 10.3390/v13050828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral infections are responsible for several chronic and acute diseases in both humans and animals. Despite the incredible progress in human medicine, several viral diseases, such as acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, respiratory syndromes, and hepatitis, are still associated with high morbidity and mortality rates in humans. Natural products from plants or other organisms are a rich source of structurally novel chemical compounds including antivirals. Indeed, in traditional medicine, many pathological conditions have been treated using plant-derived medicines. Thus, the identification of novel alternative antiviral agents is of critical importance. In this review, we summarize novel phytochemicals with antiviral activity against human viruses and their potential application in treating or preventing viral disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Musarra-Pizzo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale SS. Annunziata, 98168 Messina, Italy; (M.M.-P.); (R.P.); (I.B.-A.)
| | - Rosamaria Pennisi
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale SS. Annunziata, 98168 Messina, Italy; (M.M.-P.); (R.P.); (I.B.-A.)
- Shenzhen International Institute for Biomedical Research, 1301 Guanguang Rd. 3F Building 1-B, Silver Star Hi-Tech Park Longhua District, Shenzhen 518116, China
| | - Ichrak Ben-Amor
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale SS. Annunziata, 98168 Messina, Italy; (M.M.-P.); (R.P.); (I.B.-A.)
- Unit of Biotechnology and Pathologies, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3029, Tunisia
| | - Giuseppina Mandalari
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale SS. Annunziata, 98168 Messina, Italy; (M.M.-P.); (R.P.); (I.B.-A.)
- Correspondence: (G.M.); (M.T.S.); Tel.: +39-090-6767-5217 (G.M. & M.T.S.)
| | - Maria Teresa Sciortino
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale SS. Annunziata, 98168 Messina, Italy; (M.M.-P.); (R.P.); (I.B.-A.)
- Correspondence: (G.M.); (M.T.S.); Tel.: +39-090-6767-5217 (G.M. & M.T.S.)
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17
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Henss L, Auste A, Schürmann C, Schmidt C, von Rhein C, Mühlebach MD, Schnierle BS. The green tea catechin epigallocatechin gallate inhibits SARS-CoV-2 infection. J Gen Virol 2021; 102:001574. [PMID: 33830908 PMCID: PMC8290267 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has caused a pandemic with tens of millions of cases and more than a million deaths. The infection causes COVID-19, a disease of the respiratory system of divergent severity. No treatment exists. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), the major component of green tea, has several beneficial properties, including antiviral activities. Therefore, we examined whether EGCG has antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2. EGCG blocked not only the entry of SARS-CoV-2, but also MERS- and SARS-CoV pseudotyped lentiviral vectors and inhibited virus infections in vitro. Mechanistically, inhibition of the SARS-CoV-2 spike-receptor interaction was observed. Thus, EGCG might be suitable for use as a lead structure to develop more effective anti-COVID-19 drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Henss
- Department of Virology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Paul-Ehrlich Strasse 51-59, 63225 Langen, Germany
| | - Arne Auste
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Paul-Ehrlich Strasse 51-59, 63225 Langen, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Gießen-Marburg-Langen, Germany
| | - Christoph Schürmann
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Paul-Ehrlich Strasse 51-59, 63225 Langen, Germany
| | - Christin Schmidt
- Department of Virology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Paul-Ehrlich Strasse 51-59, 63225 Langen, Germany
| | - Christine von Rhein
- Department of Virology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Paul-Ehrlich Strasse 51-59, 63225 Langen, Germany
| | - Michael D. Mühlebach
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Paul-Ehrlich Strasse 51-59, 63225 Langen, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Gießen-Marburg-Langen, Germany
| | - Barbara S. Schnierle
- Department of Virology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Paul-Ehrlich Strasse 51-59, 63225 Langen, Germany
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18
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Chen C, Sun MA, Warzecha C, Bachu M, Dey A, Wu T, Adams PD, Macfarlan T, Love P, Ozato K. HIRA, a DiGeorge Syndrome Candidate Gene, Confers Proper Chromatin Accessibility on HSCs and Supports All Stages of Hematopoiesis. Cell Rep 2021; 30:2136-2149.e4. [PMID: 32075733 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.01.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
HIRA is a histone chaperone that deposits the histone variant H3.3 in transcriptionally active genes. In DiGeorge syndromes, a DNA stretch encompassing HIRA is deleted. The syndromes manifest varied abnormalities, including immunodeficiency and thrombocytopenia. HIRA is essential in mice, as total knockout (KO) results in early embryonic death. However, the role of HIRA in hematopoiesis is poorly understood. We investigate hematopoietic cell-specific Hira deletion in mice and show that it dramatically reduces bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), resulting in anemia, thrombocytopenia, and lymphocytopenia. In contrast, fetal hematopoiesis is normal in Hira-KO mice, although fetal HSCs lack the reconstitution capacity. Transcriptome analysis reveals that HIRA is required for expression of many transcription factors and signaling molecules critical for HSCs. ATAC-seq analysis demonstrates that HIRA establishes HSC-specific DNA accessibility, including the SPIB/PU.1 sites. Together, HIRA provides a chromatin environment essential for HSCs, thereby steering their development and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Chen
- Molecular Genetics of Immunity Section, Division of Developmental Biology, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ming-An Sun
- Mammalian Epigenome Reprogramming Section, Division of Developmental Biology, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Claude Warzecha
- Hematopoiesis and Lymphocyte Biology Section, Division of Developmental Biology, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Mahesh Bachu
- Molecular Genetics of Immunity Section, Division of Developmental Biology, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Anup Dey
- Molecular Genetics of Immunity Section, Division of Developmental Biology, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Tiyun Wu
- Molecular Genetics of Immunity Section, Division of Developmental Biology, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Peter D Adams
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Todd Macfarlan
- Mammalian Epigenome Reprogramming Section, Division of Developmental Biology, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Paul Love
- Hematopoiesis and Lymphocyte Biology Section, Division of Developmental Biology, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Keiko Ozato
- Molecular Genetics of Immunity Section, Division of Developmental Biology, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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19
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Bhowmik D, Nandi R, Prakash A, Kumar D. Evaluation of flavonoids as 2019-nCoV cell entry inhibitor through molecular docking and pharmacological analysis. Heliyon 2021; 7:e06515. [PMID: 33748510 PMCID: PMC7955945 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been declared as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) by the World Health Organization (WHO), which is being rapidly spread by the extremely spreadable and pathogenic 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), also known as SARS-CoV-2. Pandemic incidence of COVID-19 has created a severe threat to global public health, necessitating the development of effective drugs or inhibitors or therapeutics agents against SARS-CoV-2. Spike protein (S) of the SARS-CoV-2 plays a crucial role in entering viruses into the host cell by binding to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2), and this specific interaction represents a promising drug target for the identification of potential drugs. This study aimed at the receptor-binding domain of S protein (RBD of nCoV-SP) and the ACE-2 receptor as a promising target for developing drugs against SARS-CoV-2. Over 100 different flavonoids with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiviral properties from different literatures were taken as a ligand or inhibitor for molecular docking against target protein RBD of nCoV-SP and ACE-2 using PyRX and iGEMDOCK. Top flavonoids based on docking scores were selected for the pharmacokinetic study. Selected flavonoids (hesperidin, naringin, ECGC, and quercetin) showed excellent pharmacokinetics with proper absorption, solubility, permeability, distribution, metabolism, minimal toxicity, and excellent bioavailability. Molecular dynamics simulation studies up to 100 ns exhibited strong binding affinity of selected flavonoids to RBD of nCoV-SP and ACE-2, and the protein-ligand complexes were structurally stable. These identified lead flavonoids may act as potential compounds for developing effective drugs against SARS-CoV-2 by potentially inhibiting virus entry into the host cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deep Bhowmik
- Department of Microbiology, Assam University, Silchar, 788011, Assam, India
| | - Rajat Nandi
- Department of Microbiology, Assam University, Silchar, 788011, Assam, India
| | - Amresh Prakash
- Amity Institute of Integrative Sciences and Health, Amity University Haryana, Gurgaon, 122413, India
| | - Diwakar Kumar
- Department of Microbiology, Assam University, Silchar, 788011, Assam, India
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20
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Identification of Potential HCV Inhibitors Based on the Interaction of Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate with Viral Envelope Proteins. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26051257. [PMID: 33652639 PMCID: PMC7956288 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26051257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C is affecting millions of people around the globe annually, which leads to death in very high numbers. After many years of research, hepatitis C virus (HCV) remains a serious threat to the human population and needs proper management. The in silico approach in the drug discovery process is an efficient method in identifying inhibitors for various diseases. In our study, the interaction between Epigallocatechin-3-gallate, a component of green tea, and envelope glycoprotein E2 of HCV is evaluated. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate is the most promising polyphenol approved through cell culture analysis that can inhibit the entry of HCV. Therefore, various in silico techniques have been employed to find out other potential inhibitors that can behave as EGCG. Thus, the homology modelling of E2 protein was performed. The potential lead molecules were predicted using ligand-based as well as structure-based virtual screening methods. The compounds obtained were then screened through PyRx. The drugs obtained were ranked based on their binding affinities. Furthermore, the docking of the topmost drugs was performed by AutoDock Vina, while its 2D interactions were plotted in LigPlot+. The lead compound mms02387687 (2-[[5-[(4-ethylphenoxy) methyl]-4-prop-2-enyl-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl] sulfanyl]-N-[3(trifluoromethyl) phenyl] acetamide) was ranked on top, and we believe it can serve as a drug against HCV in the future, owing to experimental validation.
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21
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Shiha G, Soliman R, Elbasiony M, Darwish NHE, Mousa SA. Novel combined single dose anti-hepatitis C therapy: a pilot study. Sci Rep 2021; 11:4623. [PMID: 33633233 PMCID: PMC7907074 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-84066-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The new anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) molecules improve treatment regimens and outcomes, but there are drawbacks. New combinations should target the HCV infectious cycle and be effective against all HCV genotypes. We developed the novel formulation Catvira, composed of epigallocatechingallate (EGCG) + sofosbuvir + ribavirin. Here, we compared Catvira to sofosbuvir + ribavirin tablets in patients with CHC genotype 4 in a randomized open-label efficacy and safety study. Treatment-naïve and treatment-experienced patients (n = 80) were randomly assigned to receive a single daily fixed dose of Catvira or sofosbuvir + ribavirin for 12 or 24 weeks. Both Catvira and sofosbuvir + ribavirin yielded similar outcomes of viral load (p < 0.001). Patients receiving Catvira had a significantly more rapid rate of viral load decline with sustained virologic response (SVR12) achieved by 90% of patients receiving 12 weeks of treatment. Catvira did not impact hemoglobin levels while sofosbuvir + ribavirin showed significant decline in hemoglobin levels after 24 weeks (p < 0.05). In this clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT02483156), we found that Catvira administered daily for 12 or 24 weeks is safe, effective, and well-tolerated in both naïve and treatment-experienced patients with HCV genotype 4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gamal Shiha
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
- Egyptian Liver Research Institute and Hospital (ELRIAH), Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Reham Soliman
- Egyptian Liver Research Institute and Hospital (ELRIAH), Mansoura, Egypt
- Tropical Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Elbasiony
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
- Egyptian Liver Research Institute and Hospital (ELRIAH), Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Noureldien H E Darwish
- Hematology Unit, Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
- The Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 1 Discovery Drive, Rensselaer, NY, 12144, USA
| | - Shaker A Mousa
- The Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 1 Discovery Drive, Rensselaer, NY, 12144, USA.
- Virothera Pharmaceuticals, Rensselaer, NY, USA.
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22
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Huan C, Xu W, Ni B, Guo T, Pan H, Jiang L, Li L, Yao J, Gao S. Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate, the Main Polyphenol in Green Tea, Inhibits Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus In Vitro. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:628526. [PMID: 33692691 PMCID: PMC7937899 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.628526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
There are currently no licensed drugs against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), but vaccines are available. We identified a natural molecule, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), the main polyphenol in green tea, which is effective against infection with PEDV. We used a variety of methods to test its effects on PEDV in Vero cells. Our experiments show that EGCG can effectively inhibit PEDV infections (with HLJBY and CV777 strains) at different time points in the infection using western blot analysis. We found that EGCG inhibited PEDV infection in a dose-dependent manner 24 h after the infection commenced using western blotting, plaque formation assays, immunofluorescence assays (IFAs), and quantitative reverse-transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR). We discovered that EGCG treatment of Vero cells decreased PEDV attachment and entry into them by the same method analysis. Western blotting also showed that PEDV replication was inhibited by EGCG treatment. Whereas EGCG treatment was found to inhibit PEDV assembly, it had no effect on PEDV release. In summary, EGCG acts against PEDV infection by inhibiting PEDV attachment, entry, replication, and assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changchao Huan
- Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Avian Bioproduct Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou, China
| | - Weiyin Xu
- Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Avian Bioproduct Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou, China
| | - Bo Ni
- China Animal Health And Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, China
| | - Tingting Guo
- College of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Haochun Pan
- Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Avian Bioproduct Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou, China
| | - Luyao Jiang
- Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Avian Bioproduct Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou, China
| | - Lin Li
- Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Avian Bioproduct Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jingting Yao
- Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Avian Bioproduct Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou, China
| | - Song Gao
- Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Avian Bioproduct Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou, China
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23
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Hiremath S, Kumar HDV, Nandan M, Mantesh M, Shankarappa KS, Venkataravanappa V, Basha CRJ, Reddy CNL. In silico docking analysis revealed the potential of phytochemicals present in Phyllanthus amarus and Andrographis paniculata, used in Ayurveda medicine in inhibiting SARS-CoV-2. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:44. [PMID: 33457171 PMCID: PMC7799430 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-02578-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has resulted in outbreak of global pandemic, fatal pneumonia in human referred as Coronavirus Disease-2019 (Covid-19). Ayurveda, the age old practice of treating human ailments in India, can be considered against SARS-CoV-2. Attempt was made to provide preliminary evidences for interaction of 35 phytochemicals from two plants (Phyllanthus amarus and Andrographis paniculata used in Ayurveda) with SARS-CoV-2 proteins (open & closed state S protein, 3CLpro, PLpro and RdRp) through in silico docking analysis. The nucleotide analogue remdesivir, being used in treatment of SARS-CoV-2, was used as a positive control. The results revealed that 18 phytochemicals from P. amarus and 14 phytochemicals from A. paniculata shown binding energy affinity/dock score < - 6.0 kcal/mol, which is considered as minimum threshold for any compound to be used for drug development. Phytochemicals used for docking studies in the current study from P. amarus and A. paniculata showed binding affinity up to - 9.10 kcal/mol and - 10.60 kcal/mol, respectively. There was no significant difference in the binding affinities of these compounds with closed and open state S protein. Further, flavonoids (astragalin, kaempferol, quercetin, quercetin-3-O-glucoside and quercetin) and tannins (corilagin, furosin and geraniin) present in P. amarus have shown more binding affinity (up to - 10.60 kcal/mol) than remdesivir (up to - 9.50 kcal/mol). The pharmacokinetic predictions suggest that compounds from the two plants species studied in the current study are found to be non-carcinogenic, water soluble and biologically safe. The phytochemicals present in the extracts of P. amarus and A. paniculata might have synergistic effect with action on multiple target sites of SARS-CoV-2. The information generated here might serve as preliminary evidence for anti SARS-CoV-2 activity of phytochemicals present from P. amarus and A. paniculata and the potential of Ayurveda medicine in combating the virus. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-020-02578-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shridhar Hiremath
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bangalore, Karnataka 560065 India
| | - H. D. Vinay Kumar
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bangalore, Karnataka 560065 India
| | - M. Nandan
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bangalore, Karnataka 560065 India
| | - M. Mantesh
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bangalore, Karnataka 560065 India
| | - K. S. Shankarappa
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Horticulture, University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560065 India
| | - V. Venkataravanappa
- CHES, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Chettalli, Madikeri District, Bangalore, Karnataka 571248 India
| | - C. R. Jahir Basha
- Department of Plant Pathology, ARS, University of Agricultural Sciences (B), Rajavanthi, Pavagada, Tumakur (Dist.), Bangalore, Karnataka India
| | - C. N. Lakshminarayana Reddy
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bangalore, Karnataka 560065 India
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24
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Jena AB, Kanungo N, Nayak V, Chainy GBN, Dandapat J. Catechin and curcumin interact with S protein of SARS-CoV2 and ACE2 of human cell membrane: insights from computational studies. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2043. [PMID: 33479401 PMCID: PMC7820253 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-81462-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The recent outbreak of the coronavirus (SARS-CoV2) is an unprecedented threat to human health and society across the globe. In this context, development of suitable interventions is the need of the hour. The viral spike protein (S Protein) and the cognate host cell receptor ACE2 can be considered as effective and appropriate targets for interventions. It is evident from the present computational study, that catechin and curcumin, not only exhibit strong binding affinity to viral S Protein and host receptor ACE2 but also to their complex (receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein of SARS-CoV2 and ACE2; RBD/ACE2-complex). The binding affinity values of catechin and curcumin for the S protein, ACE2 and RBD/ACE2-complex are − 10.5 and − 7.9 kcal/mol; − 8.9 and − 7.8 kcal/mol; and − 9.1 and − 7.6 kcal/mol, respectively. Curcumin directly binds to the receptor binding domain (RBD) of viral S Protein. Molecular simulation study over a period of 100 ns further substantiates that such interaction within RBD site of S Protein occurs during 40–100 ns out of 100 ns simulation trajectory. Contrary to this, catechin binds with amino acid residues present near the RBD site of S Protein and causes fluctuation in the amino acid residues of the RBD and its near proximity. Both catechin and curcumin bind the interface of ‘RBD/ACE2-complex’ and intervene in causing fluctuation of the alpha helices and beta-strands of the protein complex. Protein–protein interaction studies in presence of curcumin or catechin also corroborate the above findings suggesting the efficacy of these two polyphenols in hindering the formation of S Protein-ACE2 complex. In conclusion, this computational study for the first time predicts the possibility of above two polyphenols for therapeutic strategy against SARS-CoV2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atala B Jena
- Centre of Excellence in Integrated Omics and Computational Biology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, 751004, Odisha, India
| | - Namrata Kanungo
- Post Graduate Department of Biotechnology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, 751004, Odisha, India
| | - Vinayak Nayak
- Post Graduate Department of Biotechnology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, 751004, Odisha, India
| | - G B N Chainy
- Post Graduate Department of Biotechnology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, 751004, Odisha, India
| | - Jagneshwar Dandapat
- Centre of Excellence in Integrated Omics and Computational Biology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, 751004, Odisha, India. .,Post Graduate Department of Biotechnology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, 751004, Odisha, India.
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25
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Huan C, Xu W, Guo T, Pan H, Zou H, Jiang L, Li C, Gao S. (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate Inhibits the Life Cycle of Pseudorabies Virus In Vitro and Protects Mice Against Fatal Infection. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 10:616895. [PMID: 33520741 PMCID: PMC7841300 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.616895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A newly emerged pseudorabies virus (PRV) variant with enhanced pathogenicity has been identified in many PRV-vaccinated swine in China since 2011. The PRV variant has caused great economic cost to the swine industry, and measures for the effective prevention and treatment of this PRV variant are still lacking. (–)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) exhibits antiviral activity against diverse viruses and thus in this study, we investigated the anti-PRV activity of EGCG in vitro and in vivo. EGCG significantly inhibited infectivity of PRV Ra and PRV XJ5 strains in PK15 B6 cells and Vero cells. The anti-PRV activity of EGCG was dose-dependent, and 50 μM EGCG could completely block viral infection at different multiplicities of infection. We next revealed that EGCG blocked PRV adsorption and entry to PK15 B6 cells in a dose-dependent manner, but inhibition of PRV entry by EGCG was not as efficient as its inhibition of PRV adsorption. PRV replication was suppressed in PK15 B6 cells treated with EGCG post-infection. However, EGCG did not affect PRV assembly and could promote PRV release. Furthermore, 40 mg/kg EGCG provided 100% protection in BALB/c mice challenged with PRV XJ5, when EGCG was administrated both pre- and post-challenge. These results revealed that EGCG exhibits antiviral activity against PRV mainly by inhibiting virus adsorption, entry and replication in vitro. Meanwhile, EGCG increased the survival of mice challenged with PRV. Therefore, EGCG might be a potential antiviral agent against PRV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changchao Huan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Avian Bioproduct Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou, China
| | - Weiyin Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Avian Bioproduct Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou, China
| | - Tingting Guo
- College of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Haochun Pan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Avian Bioproduct Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou, China
| | - Hengyue Zou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Avian Bioproduct Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou, China
| | - Luyao Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Avian Bioproduct Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou, China
| | - Chengmin Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Song Gao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Avian Bioproduct Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou, China.,Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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26
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Khan M, Rauf W, Habib FE, Rahman M, Iqbal M. Screening and identification of bioactive compounds from citrus against non-structural protein 3 protease of hepatitis C virus genotype 3a by fluorescence resonance energy transfer assay and mass spectrometry. World J Hepatol 2020; 12:976-992. [PMID: 33312423 PMCID: PMC7701965 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v12.i11.976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatitis C virus genotype 3a (HCV G3a) is highly prevalent in Pakistan. Due to the elevated cost of available Food and Drug Administration-approved drugs against HCV, medicinal natural products of potent antiviral activity should be screened for the cost-effective treatment of the disease. Furthermore, from natural products, active compounds against vital HCV proteins like non-structural protein 3 (NS3) protease could be identified to prevent viral proliferation in the host. AIM To develop cost-effective HCV genotype 3a NS3 protease inhibitors from citrus fruit extracts. METHODS Full-length NS3 without co-factor non-structural protein 4A (NS4A) and codon optimized NS3 protease in fusion with NS4A were expressed in Escherichia coli. The expressed protein was purified by metal ion affinity chromatography and gel filtration. Citrus fruit extracts were screened using fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) assay against the protease and polyphenols were identified as potential inhibitors using electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (MS)/MS technique. Among different polyphenols, highly potent compounds were screened using molecular modeling approaches and consequently the most active compound was further evaluated against HCV NS4A-NS3 protease domain using FRET assay. RESULTS NS4A fused with NS3 protease domain gene was overexpressed and the purified protein yield was high in comparison to the lower yield of the full-length NS3 protein. Furthermore, in enzyme kinetic studies, NS4A fused with NS3 protease proved to be functionally active compared to full-length NS3. So it was concluded that co-factor NS4A fusion is essential for the purification of functionally active protease. FRET assay was developed and validated by the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of commercially available inhibitors. Screening of citrus fruit extracts against the native purified fused NS4A-NS3 protease domain showed that the grapefruit mesocarp extract exhibits the highest percentage inhibition 91% of protease activity. Among the compounds identified by LCMS analysis, hesperidin showed strong binding affinity with the protease catalytic triad having S-score value of -10.98. CONCLUSION Fused NS4A-NS3 protease is functionally more active, which is effectively inhibited by hesperidin from the grapefruit mesocarp extract with an IC50 value of 23.32 µmol/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahim Khan
- Health Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad 38000, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Waqar Rauf
- Health Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad 38000, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Fazal-E- Habib
- Health Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad 38000, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Moazur Rahman
- Health Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad 38000, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Mazhar Iqbal
- Health Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad 38000, Punjab, Pakistan.
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27
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Shady NH, Khattab AR, Ahmed S, Liu M, Quinn RJ, Fouad MA, Kamel MS, Muhsinah AB, Krischke M, Mueller MJ, Abdelmohsen UR. Hepatitis C Virus NS3 Protease and Helicase Inhibitors from Red Sea Sponge ( Amphimedon) Species in Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles Assisted by in Silico Modeling and Metabolic Profiling. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:3377-3389. [PMID: 32494136 PMCID: PMC7231760 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s233766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major cause of hepatic diseases all over the world. This necessitates the need to discover novel anti-HCV drugs to overcome emerging drug resistance and liver complications. Purpose Total extract and petroleum ether fraction of the marine sponge (Amphimedon spp.) were used for silver nanoparticle (SNP) synthesis to explore their HCV NS3 helicase- and protease-inhibitory potential. Methods Characterization of the prepared SNPs was carried out with ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The metabolomic profile of different Amphimedon fractions was assessed using liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry. Fourteen known compounds were isolated and their HCV helicase and protease activities assessed using in silico modeling of their interaction with both HCV protease and helicase enzymes to reveal their anti-HCV mechanism of action. In vitro anti-HCV activity against HCV NS3 helicase and protease was then conducted to validate the computation results and compared to that of the SNPs. Results Transmission electron–microscopy analysis of NPs prepared from Amphimedon total extract and petroleum ether revealed particle sizes of 8.22–14.30 nm and 8.22–9.97 nm, and absorption bands at λmax of 450 and 415 nm, respectively. Metabolomic profiling revealed the richness of Amphimedon spp. with different phytochemical classes. Bioassay-guided isolation resulted in the isolation of 14 known compounds with anti-HCV activity, initially revealed by docking studies. In vitro anti–HCV NS3 helicase and protease assays of both isolated compounds and NPs further confirmed the computational results. Conclusion Our findings indicate that Amphimedon, total extract, petroleum ether fraction, and derived NPs are promising biosources for providing anti-HCV drug candidates, with nakinadine B and 3,4-dihydro-6-hydroxymanzamine A the most potent anti-HCV agents, possessing good oral bioavailability and penetration power.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nourhan Hisham Shady
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Universities Zone, Minia 61111, Egypt
| | - Amira R Khattab
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport, Alexandria 1029, Egypt
| | - Safwat Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt 41522
| | - Miaomiao Liu
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Ronald J Quinn
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Mostafa A Fouad
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Salah Kamel
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Abdullatif Bin Muhsinah
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 61441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Markus Krischke
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Julius-von-Sachs Institute for Biological Sciences, University of Würzburg, Würzburg 97082, Germany
| | - Martin J Mueller
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Julius-von-Sachs Institute for Biological Sciences, University of Würzburg, Würzburg 97082, Germany
| | - Usama Ramadan Abdelmohsen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Universities Zone, Minia 61111, Egypt.,Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
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28
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Abstract
Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a significant public health problem, with a worldwide prevalence of approximately 170 million. Current therapy for HCV infection includes the prolonged administration of a combination of ribavirin and PEGylated interferon-α, for over a decade. This regimen is expensive and often associated with a poor antiviral response and unwanted side effects. A highly effective combination treatment is likely required for the future management of HCV infections and entry inhibitors could play an important role. Currently, no entry inhibitor has been licensed for the prophylactic treatment of hepatitis C. Therefore, additional agents that combat HCV infection are urgently needed and must be developed. Many phytochemical constituents have been identified that display considerable inhibition of HCV at some stage of the life cycle. This review will summarise the current state of knowledge on natural products and their possible activities in the context of HCV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Abeer Temraz
- Pharmacognosy Department College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
- Pharmacognosy Department Faculty of Pharmacy For Girls, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
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29
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Shiha G, Soliman R, Elbasiony M, Darwish NHE, Mousa SA. Addition of Epigallocatechin Gallate 400 mg to Sofosbuvir 400 mg + Daclatisvir 60 mg With or Without Ribavirin in Treatment of Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C Improves the Safety Profile: A Pilot Study. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13593. [PMID: 31537880 PMCID: PMC6753069 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49973-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Emergence of new molecules acting directly on the hepatitic C virus (HCV) has improved treatment outcomes. However, there is a risk of selecting viral escape mutants, so a new combination is needed using different inhibitors that target different steps of the HCV infectious cycle. Novel single tablet formulations were developed: Dactavira, composed of sofosbuvir (SOF) 400 mg/daclatisvir (DCV) 60 mg/epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) 400 mg without ribavirin (RBV); and Dactavira plus, which includes RBV 800 mg. A randomized, open-label study was carried out on treatment-naïve non-cirrhotic (Group A, n = 50) and treatment-naïve cirrhotic (Group B, n = 22) patients with genotype 4 HCV infection. Group A was randomly assigned to receive a single daily fixed-dose (Dactavira, n = 25) or the standard of care [SOF 400 mg/DCV 60 mg] (n = 25) daily for 12 weeks. Group B was randomly assigned to receive a single daily fixed-dose (Dactavira plus, n = 11) or the standard of care + RBV 800 mg (n = 11) daily for 12 weeks. Patients receiving Dactavira or Dactavira plus had a significantly more rapid rate of viral load decline as compared to patients receiving the standard of care therapy. Sustained virological response for 12 weeks for Dactavira or Dactavira plus showed no statistically significant difference when compared to the standard of care. Also, they did not affect normal hemoglobin levels (p < 0.001) versus the standard of care. The incorporated EGCG interferes with the viral entry mechanisms, as reported by several investigators, and in turn enhances efficacy and prevents relapse as compared to the standard of care. Also, its antihemeolytic and antifibrotic activities may improve the safety and tolerability of the therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gamal Shiha
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.,Egyptian Liver Research Institute and Hospital (ELRIAH), Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Reham Soliman
- Egyptian Liver Research Institute and Hospital (ELRIAH), Mansoura, Egypt.,Tropical Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Elbasiony
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.,Egyptian Liver Research Institute and Hospital (ELRIAH), Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Noureldien H E Darwish
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.,The Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, NY, USA
| | - Shaker A Mousa
- The Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, NY, USA. .,Virothera Pharmaceuticals, Rensselaer, NY, USA.
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30
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Mekky RY, El-Ekiaby N, El Sobky SA, Elemam NM, Youness RA, El-Sayed M, Hamza MT, Esmat G, Abdelaziz AI. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and miR-548m reduce HCV entry through repression of CD81 receptor in HCV cell models. Arch Virol 2019; 164:1587-1595. [PMID: 30949812 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-019-04232-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is the most abundant component in green tea extract, that has powerful antioxidant and antiviral effects. It has been previously reported to inhibit HCV entry via several mechanisms. Hence, this study aimed at further investigating the potential impact of EGCG on HCV entry through regulation of the expression of tetraspanin receptor CD81 by the novel predicted miR-548m. Liver biopsies were obtained from 29 HCV patients and 10 healthy controls for expression profiling. Huh7 cells were stimulated with EGCG and subsequently miR-548m expression was assessed. Naïve, HCV- ED43/JFH-1 and HCV-JFH-1 infected Huh7 cells were transfected by miR-548m mimics and inhibitors. Consequently, CD81 protein and mRNA levels were assessed using flow cytometry and qRT-PCR, respectively. Additionally, these cells were used to investigate HCV permissiveness into Huh7 cells using qRT-PCR for viral quantification. Direct binding confirmation of miR-548m to CD81 was done using luciferase reporter assay. In-silico analysis revealed miR-548m to have two potential binding sites in the 3'UTR of CD81 mRNA. EGCG boosted miR-548m expression in Huh7 cells. Additionally, miR-548m caused a downregulation of CD81 protein and mRNA levels as well as reduction in HCV infectivity of Huh7 cells. Luciferase binding assay confirmed the binding of miR-548m to CD81 mRNA at the two predicted binding sites. Intriguingly, miR-548m expression was not detected in healthy liver biopsies but was found in liver biopsies of HCV patients. This study shows that EGCG might act as an anti-HCV agent that reduces cellular infectivity via enhancing miR-548m expression and repressing CD81 receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radwa Yehia Mekky
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nada El-Ekiaby
- School of Medicine, NewGiza University (NGU), NewGiza, Km 22 Cairo-Alex Road, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Noha Mousaad Elemam
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research (SIMR), College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rana Ahmed Youness
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohammad El-Sayed
- Department of Endemic Medicine and Hepatogastroenterology, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Gamal Esmat
- Department of Endemic Medicine and Hepatogastroenterology, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Ihab Abdelaziz
- School of Medicine, NewGiza University (NGU), NewGiza, Km 22 Cairo-Alex Road, Cairo, Egypt.
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Chowdhury P, Sahuc ME, Rouillé Y, Rivière C, Bonneau N, Vandeputte A, Brodin P, Goswami M, Bandyopadhyay T, Dubuisson J, Séron K. Theaflavins, polyphenols of black tea, inhibit entry of hepatitis C virus in cell culture. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0198226. [PMID: 30485282 PMCID: PMC6261387 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection by combination of direct acting antivirals (DAA), with different mode of action, has made substantial progress in the past few years. However, appearance of resistance and high cost of the therapy is still an obstacle in the achievement of the therapy, more specifically in developing countries. In this context, search for affordable antivirals with new mechanisms of action is still needed. Tea, after water, is the most popular drink worldwide. Polyphenols extracted from green tea have already shown anti-HCV activity as entry inhibitors. Here, three different theaflavins, theaflavin (TF1), theaflavin-3’-monogallate (TF2), and theaflavin-3-3’-digallate (TF3), which are major polyphenols from black tea, were tested against HCV in cell culture. The results showed that all theaflavins inhibit HCV infection in a dose-dependent manner in an early step of infection. Results obtained with HCV pseudotyped virions confirmed their activity on HCV entry and demonstrated their pan-genotypic action. No effect on HCV replication was observed by using HCV replicon. Investigation on the mechanism of action of black tea theaflavins showed that they act directly on the virus particle and are able to inhibit cell-to-cell spread. Combination study with inhibitors most widely used in anti-HCV treatment regimen demonstrated that TF3 exerts additive effect. In conclusion, theaflavins, that are present in high quantity in black tea, are new inhibitors of HCV entry and hold promise for developing in therapeutic arsenal for HCV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pritom Chowdhury
- University of Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
- Department of Biotechnology, Tocklai Tea Research Institute, TRA, Jorhat, Assam, India
| | - Marie-Emmanuelle Sahuc
- University of Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Yves Rouillé
- University of Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Céline Rivière
- ICV - Institut Charles Viollette, Univ. Lille, INRA, ISA, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d’Opale, Lille, France
| | - Natacha Bonneau
- ICV - Institut Charles Viollette, Univ. Lille, INRA, ISA, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d’Opale, Lille, France
| | - Alexandre Vandeputte
- University of Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Priscille Brodin
- University of Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Manoranjan Goswami
- Department of Biochemistry, Tocklai Tea Research Institute, TRA, Jorhat, Assam, India
| | - Tanoy Bandyopadhyay
- Department of Biotechnology, Tocklai Tea Research Institute, TRA, Jorhat, Assam, India
| | - Jean Dubuisson
- University of Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Karin Séron
- University of Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
- * E-mail:
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Jardim ACG, Shimizu JF, Rahal P, Harris M. Plant-derived antivirals against hepatitis c virus infection. Virol J 2018; 15:34. [PMID: 29439720 PMCID: PMC5812025 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-018-0945-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a worldwide public health burden and it is estimated that 185 million people are or have previously been infected worldwide. There is no effective vaccine for prevention of HCV infection; however, a number of drugs are available for the treatment of infection. The availability of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) has dramatically improved therapeutic options for HCV genotype 1. However, the high costs and potential for development of resistance presented by existing treatment demonstrate the need for the development of more efficient new antivirals, or combination of therapies that target different stages of the viral lifecycle. Over the past decades, there has been substantial study of compounds extracted from plants that have activity against a range of microorganisms that cause human diseases. An extensive variety of natural compounds has demonstrated antiviral action worldwide, including anti-HCV activity. In this context, plant-derived compounds can provide an alternative approach to new antivirals. In this review, we aim to summarize the most promising plant-derived compounds described to have antiviral activity against HCV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carolina Gomes Jardim
- Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Biomedical Science, ICBIM, Federal University of Uberlândia, Avenida Amazonas, Bloco 4C – sala 216. Umuarama, Uberlândia, MG CEP: 38405-302 Brazil
- Genomics Study Laboratory, São Paulo State University, São José do Rio Preto, SP Brazil
| | - Jacqueline Farinha Shimizu
- Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Biomedical Science, ICBIM, Federal University of Uberlândia, Avenida Amazonas, Bloco 4C – sala 216. Umuarama, Uberlândia, MG CEP: 38405-302 Brazil
- Genomics Study Laboratory, São Paulo State University, São José do Rio Preto, SP Brazil
| | - Paula Rahal
- Genomics Study Laboratory, São Paulo State University, São José do Rio Preto, SP Brazil
| | - Mark Harris
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT UK
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Song JM. Anti-infective potential of catechins and their derivatives against viral hepatitis. Clin Exp Vaccine Res 2018; 7:37-42. [PMID: 29399578 PMCID: PMC5795043 DOI: 10.7774/cevr.2018.7.1.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Revised: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols including catechins from green tea (Camellia sinensis) have been reported to have anti-infective activities against a broad spectrum of viruses and other pathogens. During the last two decades, antiviral activities of catechins with different modes of action have been demonstrated on diverse families of viruses, such as human immunodeficiency virus, Herpes simplex virus, influenza virus, hepatitis B and C virus. In this study, we focused on the antiviral properties of catechins and their derivatives against viral hepatitis which have become a key public health issue due to their serious impact on human health with liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Min Song
- Department of Global Medical Science, Health & Wellness College, Sungshin University, Seoul, Korea
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Lee YH, Jang YH, Kim YS, Kim J, Seong BL. Evaluation of green tea extract as a safe personal hygiene against viral infections. J Biol Eng 2018; 12:1. [PMID: 29339972 PMCID: PMC5759362 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-017-0092-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Viral infections often pose tremendous public health concerns as well as economic burdens. Despite the availability of vaccines or antiviral drugs, personal hygiene is considered as effective means as the first-hand measure against viral infections. The green tea catechins, in particular, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), are known to exert potent antiviral activity. In this study, we evaluated the green tea extract as a safe personal hygiene against viral infections. Results Using the influenza virus A/Puerto Rico/8/34 (H1N1) as a model, we examined the duration of the viral inactivating activity of green tea extract (GTE) under prolonged storage at various temperature conditions. Even after the storage for 56 days at different temperatures, 0.1% GTE completely inactivated 106 PFU of the virus (6 log10 reduction), and 0.01% and 0.05% GTE resulted in 2 log10 reduction of the viral titers. When supplemented with 2% citric acid, 0.1% sodium benzoate, and 0.2% ascorbic acid as anti-oxidant, the inactivating activity of GTE was temporarily compromised during earlier times of storage. However, the antiviral activity of the GTE was steadily recovered up to similar levels with those of the same concentrations of GTE without the supplements, effectively prolonging the duration of the virucidal function over extended period. Cryo-EM and DLS analyses showed a slight increase in the overall size of virus particles by GTE treatment. The results suggest that the virucidal activity of GTE is mediated by oxidative crosslinking of catechins to the viral proteins and the change of physical properties of viral membranes. Conclusions The durability of antiviral effects of GTE was examined as solution type and powder types over extended periods at various temperature conditions using human influenza A/H1N1 virus. GTE with supplements demonstrated potent viral inactivating activity, resulting in greater than 4 log10 reduction of viral titers even after storage for up to two months at a wide range of temperatures. These data suggest that GTE-based antiviral agents could be formulated as a safe and environmentally friendly personal hygiene against viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Ha Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yo Han Jang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young-Seok Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jinku Kim
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, College of Science and Technology, Hongik University, Sejong, South Korea.,Peachchem Co. Ltd., Sejong, South Korea
| | - Baik Lin Seong
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.,Vaccine Translational Research Center, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
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Jain J, Kumari A, Somvanshi P, Grover A, Pai S, Sunil S. In silico analysis of natural compounds targeting structural and nonstructural proteins of chikungunya virus. F1000Res 2017; 6:1601. [PMID: 29333236 PMCID: PMC5747330 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.12301.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Chikungunya fever presents as a high-grade fever during its acute febrile phase and can be prolonged for months as chronic arthritis in affected individuals. Currently, there are no effective drugs or vaccines against this virus. The present study was undertaken to evaluate protein-ligand interactions of all chikungunya virus (CHIKV) proteins with natural compounds from a MolBase library in order to identify potential inhibitors of CHIKV. Methods: Virtual screening of the natural compound library against four non-structural and five structural proteins of CHIKV was performed. Homology models of the viral proteins with unknown structures were created and energy minimized by molecular dynamic simulations. Molecular docking was performed to identify the potential inhibitors for CHIKV. The absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME) toxicity parameters for the potential inhibitors were predicted for further prioritization of the compounds. Results: Our analysis predicted three compounds, Catechin-5-O-gallate, Rosmarinic acid and Arjungenin, to interact with CHIKV proteins; two (Catechin-5-O-gallate and Rosmarinic acid) with capsid protein, and one (Arjungenin) with the E3. Conclusion: The compounds identified show promise as potential antivirals, but further in vitro studies are required to test their efficacy against CHIKV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaspreet Jain
- Vector Borne Disease group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Anchala Kumari
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India.,Department of Biotechnology, Teri University, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Abhinav Grover
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Somnath Pai
- Department of Virology and Immunology, Amity University, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sujatha Sunil
- Vector Borne Disease group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
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A Review of the Antiviral Role of Green Tea Catechins. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22081337. [PMID: 28805687 PMCID: PMC6152177 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22081337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the centuries, infectious diseases caused by viruses have seriously threatened human health globally. Viruses are responsible not only for acute infections but also many chronic infectious diseases. To prevent diseases caused by viruses, the discovery of effective antiviral drugs, in addition to vaccine development, is important. Green tea catechins (GTCs) are polyphenolic compounds from the leaves of Camelliasinensis. In recent decades, GTCs have been reported to provide various health benefits against numerous diseases. Studies have shown that GTCs, especially epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), have antiviral effects against diverse viruses. The aim of this review is to summarize the developments regarding the antiviral activities of GTCs, to discuss the mechanisms underlying these effects and to offer suggestions for future research directions and perspectives on the antiviral effects of EGCG.
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Synergistic effects of combination treatment using EGCG and suramin against the chikungunya virus. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 491:595-602. [PMID: 28760340 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.07.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Chikungunya is a severe disease that results from infection with the chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus. Thus, we (1) explored a new approach to combining previously researched drugs that have shown the potential to inhibit CHIKV infection; and (2) demonstrated the antiviral effects of (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and the underlying mechanisms. Specifically, we used U2OS cells infected with CHIVK to assess the synergistic antiviral activities of EGCG and suramin. EGCG presented the ability to inhibit the viral RNA, progeny yield, and cytopathic effect (CPE) of CHIKV and also demonstrated the ability to protect against virus entry, replication, and release. Moreover, the results confirmed that EGCG and suramin can have synergistic effects against CHIKV strain S27 infection and two other clinical isolates of CHIKV. Our findings suggest that treatment with a combination of EGCG and suramin could provide a basis for the development of novel stretages against CHIKV infection.
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Flavonoids: promising natural compounds against viral infections. Arch Virol 2017; 162:2539-2551. [PMID: 28547385 PMCID: PMC7087220 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-017-3417-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 256] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids are widely distributed as secondary metabolites produced by plants and play important roles in plant physiology, having a variety of potential biological benefits such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral activity. Different flavonoids have been investigated for their potential antiviral activities and several of them exhibited significant antiviral properties in in vitro and even in vivo studies. This review summarizes the evidence for antiviral activity of different flavonoids, highlighting, where investigated, the cellular and molecular mechanisms of action on viruses. We also present future perspectives on therapeutic applications of flavonoids against viral infections.
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Chen WC, Tseng CK, Chen BH, Lin CK, Lee JC. Grape Seed Extract Attenuates Hepatitis C Virus Replication and Virus-Induced Inflammation. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:490. [PMID: 28066241 PMCID: PMC5174132 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a causative factor leading to hepatocellular carcinoma due to chronic inflammation and cirrhosis. The aim of the study was first to explore the effects of grape seed extract (GSE) in HCV replication, and then to study mechanisms. The results indicated that a GSE treatment showed significant anti-HCV activity and suppressed HCV-elevated cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression. In contrast, exogenous COX-2 expression gradually attenuated antiviral effects of GSE, suggesting that GSE inhibited HCV replication by suppressing an aberrant COX-2 expression caused by HCV, which was correlated with the inactivation of IKK-regulated NF-κB and MAPK/ERK/JNK signaling pathways. In addition, GSE also attenuated HCV-induced inflammatory cytokine gene expression. Notably, a combined administration of GSE with interferon or other FDA-approved antiviral drugs revealed a synergistic anti-HCV effect. Collectively, these findings demonstrate the possibility of developing GSE as a dietary supplement to treat patients with a chronic HCV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chun Chen
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Kai Tseng
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung UniversityTainan, Taiwan; Center of Infectious Disease and Signaling Research, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung UniversityTainan, Taiwan
| | - Bing-Hung Chen
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiung, Taiwan; Institute of Biomedical Science, National Sun Yat-Sen UniversityKaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Kuang Lin
- Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, College of Marine Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jin-Ching Lee
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiung, Taiwan; Research Center for Natural Products and Drug Development, Kaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiung, Taiwan
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Chen SR, Wang AQ, Lin LG, Qiu HC, Wang YT, Wang Y. In Vitro Study on Anti-Hepatitis C Virus Activity of Spatholobus suberectus Dunn. Molecules 2016; 21:E1367. [PMID: 27754461 PMCID: PMC6274077 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21101367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2016] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infects 200 million people worldwide, and 75% of HCV cases progress into chronic infections, which consequently cause cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. HCV infection is treated with currently considered standard drugs, including direct anti-viral agents (DAAs), alone or in combination with peginterferon-α plus ribavirin. However, sustained viral responses vary in different cohorts, and high costs limit the broad use of DAAs. In this study, the ethanol and water extracts of 12 herbs from Lingnan in China were examined in terms of their inhibitory effect on HCV replication. Among the examined extracts, Spatholobus suberectus ethanol extracts suppressed HCV replication. By comparison, Extracts from Fructus lycii, Radix astragali (root), Rubus chingii Hu (fruit), Flos chrysanthemi Indici (flower), Cassia obtusifolia (seed), Lonicera japonica Thunb (flower), Forsythia suspense Thunb (fruit), Poria cocos (sclerotia), Carthamus tinctorius L. (flower), Crataegus pinnatifida Bge. (fruit), and Leonurus japonicas Houtt. (leaf) extracts failed to show a similar activity. Active S. suberectus fractions containing tannins as the major component also inhibited the in vitro translation of HCV RNA. The combination treatments of single compounds, such as epigallocatechin gallate and epicatechin gallate, were not as potent as crude S. suberectus fractions; therefore, crude S. suberectus extract may be a potential alternative treatment against HCV either alone or in combination with other agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Ru Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao SAR 999078, China.
| | - An-Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao SAR 999078, China.
| | - Li-Gen Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao SAR 999078, China.
| | - Hong-Cong Qiu
- Guangxi Institute of Traditional Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Guangxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality Standards, Nanning 530022, China.
| | - Yi-Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao SAR 999078, China.
| | - Ying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao SAR 999078, China.
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HIV-1 Vpr increases HCV replication through VprBP in cell culture. Virus Res 2016; 223:153-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2016.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Revised: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Moreno FS, Heidor R, Pogribny IP. Nutritional Epigenetics and the Prevention of Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Bioactive Food Constituents. Nutr Cancer 2016; 68:719-33. [DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2016.1180410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Xue J, Liu Y, Yang Y, Wu S, Hu Y, Yang F, Zhou X, Wang J, Chen F, Zheng M, Zhu H, Chen Z. MEAN inhibits hepatitis C virus replication by interfering with a polypyrimidine tract-binding protein. J Cell Mol Med 2016; 20:1255-65. [PMID: 26929148 PMCID: PMC4929307 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
MEAN (6‐methoxyethylamino‐numonafide) is a small molecule compound, and here, we report that it effectively inhibits hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in an HCV cell culture system using a JC1‐Luc chimeric virus, with a 50% effective concentration (EC50) of 2.36 ± 0.29 μM. Drug combination usage analyses demonstrated that MEAN was synergistic with interferon α, ITX5061 and ribavirin. In addition, MEAN effectively inhibits N415D mutant virus and G451R mutant viral infections. Mechanistic studies show that the treatment of HCV‐infected hepatocytes with MEAN inhibits HCV replication but not translation. Furthermore, treatment with MEAN significantly reduces polypyrimidine tract‐binding protein (PTB) levels and blocks the cytoplasmic redistribution of PTB upon infection. In the host cytoplasm, PTB is directly associated with HCV replication, and the inhibition of HCV replication by MEAN can result in the sequestration of PTB in treated nuclei. Taken together, these results indicate that MEAN is a potential therapeutic candidate for HCV infection, and the targeting of the nucleo‐cytoplasmic translocation of the host PTB protein could be a novel strategy to interrupt HCV replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihua Xue
- State Key Lab of Diagnostic and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanning Liu
- State Key Lab of Diagnostic and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Yang
- State Key Lab of Diagnostic and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shanshan Wu
- State Key Lab of Diagnostic and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Hu
- State Key Lab of Diagnostic and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fan Yang
- State Key Lab of Diagnostic and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaotang Zhou
- State Key Lab of Diagnostic and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | | | - Feng Chen
- State Key Lab of Diagnostic and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Min Zheng
- State Key Lab of Diagnostic and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haihong Zhu
- State Key Lab of Diagnostic and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhi Chen
- State Key Lab of Diagnostic and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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An ERp57-mediated disulphide exchange promotes the interaction between Burkholderia cenocepacia and epithelial respiratory cells. Sci Rep 2016; 6:21140. [PMID: 26879174 PMCID: PMC4754759 DOI: 10.1038/srep21140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that extracellular glutathione reduces the ability of the Cystic Fibrosis pathogen Burkholderia cenocepacia to infect primary or immortalized epithelial respiratory cells. We report here that the adhesion and invasion ability of B. cenocepacia is limited also by thiol-oxidizing and disulphide-reducing agents and by protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) inhibitors. PDI inhibitors also reduce the proinflammatory response elicited by cells in response to Burkholderia. These findings indicate that a membrane-associated PDI catalyzes thiol/disulphide exchange reactions which favor bacterial infection. The combined use of selective PDI inhibitors, RNA silencing and specific antibodies identified ERp57 as a major PDI involved in the interaction between B. cenocepacia and epithelial cells. This study contributes to the elucidation of the Burkholderia pathogenic mechanisms by showing that this microorganism exploits a membrane-associated host protein to infect epithelial cells and identifies ERp57 as a putative pharmacological target for the treatment of Burkholderia lung infections.
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Pan-genotypic Hepatitis C Virus Inhibition by Natural Products Derived from the Wild Egyptian Artichoke. J Virol 2015; 90:1918-30. [PMID: 26656684 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02030-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is the leading cause of chronic liver diseases. Water extracts of the leaves of the wild Egyptian artichoke (WEA) [Cynara cardunculus L. var. sylvestris (Lam.) Fiori] have been used for centuries in the Sinai Peninsula to treat hepatitis symptoms. Here we isolated and characterized six compounds from the water extracts of WEA and evaluated their HCV inhibition capacities in vitro. Importantly, two of these compounds, grosheimol and cynaropicrin, inhibited HCV with half-maximal effective concentrations (EC50s) in the low micromolar range. They inhibited HCV entry into target cells and were active against both cell-free infection as well as cell-cell transmission. Furthermore, the antiviral activity of both compounds was pan-genotypic as HCV genotypes 1a, 1b, 2b, 3a, 4a, 5a, 6a, and 7a were inhibited. Thus, grosheimol and cynaropicrin are promising candidates for the development of new pan-genotypic entry inhibitors of HCV infection. IMPORTANCE Because there is no preventive HCV vaccine available today, the discovery of novel anti-HCV cell entry inhibitors could help develop preventive measures against infection. The present study describes two compounds isolated from the wild Egyptian artichoke (WEA) with respect to their structural elucidation, absolute configuration, and quantitative determination. Importantly, both compounds inhibited HCV infection in vitro. The first compound was an unknown molecule, and it was designated "grosheimol," while the second compound is the known molecule cynaropicrin. Both compounds belong to the group of sesquiterpene lactones. The mode of action of these compounds occurred during the early steps of the HCV life cycle, including cell-free and cell-cell infection inhibition. These natural compounds present promising candidates for further development into anti-HCV therapeutics.
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Khan H, Paeshuyse J, Murad S, Neyts J. Assessment of the activity of directly acting antivirals and other products against different genotypes of hepatitis C virus prevalent in resource-poor countries. Antiviral Res 2015; 125:43-5. [PMID: 26593977 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2015.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Revised: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Certain food additives and drugs used for other indications have been shown to inhibit in vitro replication of HCV and have been proposed as cheap options for the treatment of HCV infections in resource-poor countries. We here report that the in vitro anti-HCV (genotypes 1a, 1b, 2a and 4b) activity of nitazoxanide, silymarin, silibinin and the green tea extract EGCG is very weak when compared to directly acting antivirals. HCV-infected patients in resource-poor countries should receive the best possible treatment (if possible via expanded access programs); it is therefore advisable not to plan clinical studies with drugs/compounds with weak anti-HCV activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayat Khan
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Leuven, Belgium; Molecular Immunology Research Group, Health Care Biotechnology Department, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, 44000, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Jan Paeshuyse
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sheeba Murad
- Molecular Immunology Research Group, Health Care Biotechnology Department, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, 44000, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Johan Neyts
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Leuven, Belgium.
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48
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Calland N, Sahuc ME, Belouzard S, Pène V, Bonnafous P, Mesalam AA, Deloison G, Descamps V, Sahpaz S, Wychowski C, Lambert O, Brodin P, Duverlie G, Meuleman P, Rosenberg AR, Dubuisson J, Rouillé Y, Séron K. Polyphenols Inhibit Hepatitis C Virus Entry by a New Mechanism of Action. J Virol 2015; 89:10053-63. [PMID: 26202241 PMCID: PMC4577911 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01473-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Despite the validation of direct-acting antivirals for hepatitis C treatment, the discovery of new compounds with different modes of action may still be of importance for the treatment of special patient populations. We recently identified a natural molecule, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), as an inhibitor of hepatitis C virus (HCV) targeting the viral particle. The aim of this work was to discover new natural compounds with higher anti-HCV activity than that of EGCG and determine their mode of action. Eight natural molecules with structure similarity to EGCG were selected. HCV JFH1 in cell culture and HCV pseudoparticle systems were used to determine the antiviral activity and mechanism of action of the compounds. We identified delphinidin, a polyphenol belonging to the anthocyanidin family, as a new inhibitor of HCV entry. Delphinidin inhibits HCV entry in a pangenotypic manner by acting directly on the viral particle and impairing its attachment to the cell surface. Importantly, it is also active against HCV in primary human hepatocytes, with no apparent cytotoxicity and in combination with interferon and boceprevir in cell culture. Different approaches showed that neither aggregation nor destruction of the particle occurred. Cryo-transmission electron microscopy observations of HCV pseudoparticles treated with delphinidin or EGCG showed a bulge on particles that was not observed under control conditions. In conclusion, EGCG and delphinidin inhibit HCV entry by a new mechanism, i.e., alteration of the viral particle structure that impairs its attachment to the cell surface. IMPORTANCE In this article, we identify a new inhibitor of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, delphinidin, that prevents HCV entry. This natural compound, a plant pigment responsible for the blue-purple color of flowers and berries, belongs to the flavonoid family, like the catechin EGCG, the major component present in green tea extract, which is also an inhibitor of HCV entry. We studied the mode of action of these two compounds against HCV and demonstrated that they both act directly on the virus, inducing a bulging of the viral envelope. This deformation might be responsible for the observed inhibition of virus attachment to the cell surface. The discovery of such HCV inhibitors with an unusual mode of action is important to better characterize the mechanism of HCV entry into hepatocytes and to help develop a new class of HCV entry inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noémie Calland
- Center for Infection & Immunity of Lille (CIIL), Inserm U1019, CNRS UMR8204, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université Lille Nord de France, Lille, France
| | - Marie-Emmanuelle Sahuc
- Center for Infection & Immunity of Lille (CIIL), Inserm U1019, CNRS UMR8204, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université Lille Nord de France, Lille, France
| | - Sandrine Belouzard
- Center for Infection & Immunity of Lille (CIIL), Inserm U1019, CNRS UMR8204, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université Lille Nord de France, Lille, France
| | - Véronique Pène
- University Paris Descartes, EA 4474, Hepatitis C Virology, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Bonnafous
- University Bordeaux, CBMN UMR 5248, Bordeaux INP, Pessac, France
| | - Ahmed Atef Mesalam
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Gaspard Deloison
- Center for Infection & Immunity of Lille (CIIL), Inserm U1019, CNRS UMR8204, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université Lille Nord de France, Lille, France
| | - Véronique Descamps
- Virology Laboratory, EA 4294, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Amiens, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - Sevser Sahpaz
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, EA 4481, Université Lille 2, Lille, France
| | - Czeslaw Wychowski
- Center for Infection & Immunity of Lille (CIIL), Inserm U1019, CNRS UMR8204, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université Lille Nord de France, Lille, France
| | - Olivier Lambert
- University Bordeaux, CBMN UMR 5248, Bordeaux INP, Pessac, France
| | - Priscille Brodin
- Center for Infection & Immunity of Lille (CIIL), Inserm U1019, CNRS UMR8204, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université Lille Nord de France, Lille, France
| | - Gilles Duverlie
- Virology Laboratory, EA 4294, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Amiens, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - Philip Meuleman
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Jean Dubuisson
- Center for Infection & Immunity of Lille (CIIL), Inserm U1019, CNRS UMR8204, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université Lille Nord de France, Lille, France
| | - Yves Rouillé
- Center for Infection & Immunity of Lille (CIIL), Inserm U1019, CNRS UMR8204, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université Lille Nord de France, Lille, France
| | - Karin Séron
- Center for Infection & Immunity of Lille (CIIL), Inserm U1019, CNRS UMR8204, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université Lille Nord de France, Lille, France
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49
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Liang W, He L, Ning P, Lin J, Li H, Lin Z, Kang K, Zhang Y. (+)-Catechin inhibition of transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus in swine testicular cells is involved its antioxidation. Res Vet Sci 2015; 103:28-33. [PMID: 26679792 PMCID: PMC7111882 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2015.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2015] [Revised: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) causes transmissible gastroenteritis (TGE), especially in newborn piglets, which severely threatens the worldwide pig industry. In this study, (+)-catechin was evaluated for its antiviral effect against TGEV in vitro. Viability assays revealed that (+)-catechin treatment exerted a dose-dependent rescue effect in TGEV-infected ST cells, and this result was only obtained with the post-treatment application of (+)-catechin. The viral yields in (+)-catechin-treated cultures were reduced by almost three log10 units. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis of the TGEV genome revealed that TGEV RNA replication was restricted after (+)-catechin treatment. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) detection showed that (+)-catechin alleviated ROS conditions induced by TGEV infection. Our results showed that (+)-catechin exerts an inhibitory effect on TGEV proliferation in vitro and is involved its antioxidation. (+)-Catechin has anti-TGEV effect. Anti-TGEV effect was working after TGEV infection. (+)-Catechin could relieve CPE caused by TGEV in ST cells. TGEV proliferation was decreased after (+)-catechin incubation. Antioxidation of (+)-catechin is related to its antiviral effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wulong Liang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Lei He
- Animal Disease and Public Security Academician Workstation of Henan Province, The Key Lab of Animal Disease and Public Security, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, PR China
| | - Pengbo Ning
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Jihui Lin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Helin Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Zhi Lin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Kai Kang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Yanming Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China.
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50
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Galani BRT, Sahuc ME, Njayou FN, Deloison G, Mkounga P, Feudjou WF, Brodin P, Rouillé Y, Nkengfack AE, Moundipa PF, Séron K. Plant extracts from Cameroonian medicinal plants strongly inhibit hepatitis C virus infection in vitro. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:488. [PMID: 26029203 PMCID: PMC4432692 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
According to some recent studies, Cameroon is one of the sub-Saharan African countries most affected by hepatitis C, with low access to the standard therapy based on the combination of pegylated interferon and ribavirin. A first ethnobotanical survey, conducted in the Western region of Cameroon, reported the use of several medicinal plants in traditional medicine for the healing of liver-related disorders. Crude organic extracts of five plants surveyed were prepared and their effect against hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection investigated. The HCV JFH1 strain cell culture system HCVcc was used. The antiviral activity was quantified by immunofluorescent labeling of HCV E1 envelope protein at 30 h post-infection in the presence of the plant extracts. Active compounds were then tested in time course infection experiments. Dose-response and cellular toxicity assays were also determined. Three extracts, methanol extracts from roots of Trichilia dregeana, stems of Detarium microcarpum and leaves of Phragmanthera capitata, showed anti-HCV activity, with half-maximal inhibitory concentration of 16.16, 1.42, and 13.17 μg/mL, respectively. Huh-7 cells were incubated with the extracts for 72 h and it appears that T. dregeana extract is not toxic up to 200 μg/mL, D. microcarpum up to 100 μg/mL and P. capitata up to 800 μg/mL. All the three extracts showed a strong inhibition of HCV entry and no effect on replication or secretion. Taken together, these results showed that extracts from Cameroonian medicinal plants are promising sources of anti-HCV agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borris R T Galani
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé, Cameroon ; Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Ngaoundéré Ngaoundéré, Cameroon
| | - Marie-Emmanuelle Sahuc
- Molecular and Cellular Virology, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Inserm U1019 - CNRS UMR 8204, Institut de Biologie de Lille, Pasteur Institute of Lille, University of Lille Lille, France
| | - Frederic N Njayou
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Gaspard Deloison
- Molecular and Cellular Virology, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Inserm U1019 - CNRS UMR 8204, Institut de Biologie de Lille, Pasteur Institute of Lille, University of Lille Lille, France
| | - Pierre Mkounga
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Phytochemistry, Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - William F Feudjou
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Phytochemistry, Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Priscille Brodin
- Molecular and Cellular Virology, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Inserm U1019 - CNRS UMR 8204, Institut de Biologie de Lille, Pasteur Institute of Lille, University of Lille Lille, France
| | - Yves Rouillé
- Molecular and Cellular Virology, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Inserm U1019 - CNRS UMR 8204, Institut de Biologie de Lille, Pasteur Institute of Lille, University of Lille Lille, France
| | - Augustin E Nkengfack
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Phytochemistry, Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Paul Fewou Moundipa
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Karin Séron
- Molecular and Cellular Virology, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Inserm U1019 - CNRS UMR 8204, Institut de Biologie de Lille, Pasteur Institute of Lille, University of Lille Lille, France
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