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Shah S, Kim HS, Hong YC, Park H, Ha M, Kim Y, Lee JH, Ha EH. Infantile allergic diseases: a cohort study prenatal fish intake and mercury exposure context. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:568. [PMID: 38388869 PMCID: PMC10885545 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18008-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allergic diseases (ADs) have been increasingly reported in infants and children over the last decade. Diet, especially the inclusion of fish intake, may help to lower the risk of ADs. However, fish also, can bioaccumulate environmental contaminants such as mercury. Hence, our study aims to determine what effects the type and frequency of fish intake have on ADs in six-month-old infants, independently and jointly with mercury exposure. METHODS This study is part of the prospective birth cohort: Mothers and Children's Environmental Health (MOCEH) study in South Korea. Data was collected on prenatal fish intake, prenatal mercury concentration and ADs for infants aged six months for 590 eligible mother-infant pairs. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the risk of prenatal fish intake and mercury concentration on ADs in infants. Finally, interaction between fish intake and mercury concentration affecting ADs in infants was evaluated. Hazard ratios of prenatal fish intake on ADs in 6 month old infants were calculated by prenatal mercury exposure. RESULTS Logistic regression analysis showed that white fish (OR: 0.53; 95% CI 0.30-0.94; P < 0.05) intake frequency, once a week significantly decreased the risk of ADs in infants. Stratification analysis showed that consuming white fish once a week significantly reduced the hazard of ADs (HR: 0.44; 95% CI 0.21-0.92; P < 0.05) in infants in the high-mercury (≥ 50th percentile) exposure group. CONCLUSION The result indicates that prenatal white fish intake at least once a week reduces the risk of ADs in infants, especially in the group with high prenatal mercury exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surabhi Shah
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, 808-1, Magok-dong, Gangseo-gu, 07804, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Soon Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, 808-1, Magok-dong, Gangseo-gu, 07804, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Chul Hong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyesook Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- System Health & Engineering Major in Graduate School (BK21 Plus Program), Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mina Ha
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yangho Kim
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hyen Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, 808-1, Magok-dong, Gangseo-gu, 07804, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eun-Hee Ha
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, 808-1, Magok-dong, Gangseo-gu, 07804, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- System Health & Engineering Major in Graduate School (BK21 Plus Program), Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Xu J, Li H. Association between dietary antioxidants intake and childhood eczema: results from the NHANES database. JOURNAL OF HEALTH, POPULATION, AND NUTRITION 2024; 43:12. [PMID: 38238860 PMCID: PMC10797884 DOI: 10.1186/s41043-024-00501-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High dietary intake of antioxidants reduces the risk of allergic sensitization in children. However, there was no sufficient evidence for the effect of dietary antioxidants intake on childhood eczema. Herein, this study aimed to explore the roles of different dietary antioxidants in childhood eczema. METHODS Data of 2305 children and adolescents aged < 18 years old were extracted from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database in 2005-2006 in this cross-sectional study. The associations between dietary antioxidants intake and childhood eczema were explored using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses, with odds ratios (ORs) and confidence intervals (CIs). Subgroup analyses based on age and gender were also performed. RESULTS A total of 268 (11.6%) children had eczema. After adjusting for covariates, we found no significant associations between dietary intake of β-carotene, vitamin C, selenium (Se), and retinol and childhood eczema. However, compared with children and adolescents whose dietary zinc (Zn) intake < 7.47 mg, those who had dietary Zn intake level ≥ 11.83 mg seemed to have lower odds of eczema [OR 0.45, 95% CI 0.28-0.73]. In addition, subgroup analysis showed that especially in children and adolescents aged 1-11 years old, whatever the gender, a higher dietary intake level of Zn may benefit childhood eczema (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSION We concluded dietary Zn intake was negatively associated with childhood eczema. Further studies are needed to explore the roles of dietary antioxidants intake in childhood eczema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xu
- Department of Dermatology, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hongxin Li
- Department of Dermatology, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, People's Republic of China
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Abril AG, Carrera M, Pazos M. Immunomodulatory effect of marine lipids on food allergy. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1254681. [PMID: 38035353 PMCID: PMC10683508 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1254681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Seafood is highly enriched in n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LCPUFAs), particularly eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5 n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6 n-3), in contrast to the ultra-processed foods included in the modern Western diet that have high levels of n-6 linoleic acid (LA, 18:2 n-6), precursor for the pro-inflammatory n-6 arachidonic acid (ARA, 20:4 n-6). The capacity of marine lipids to reduce plasmatic triglycerides and blood pressure have been well-described. Moreover, recent studies have also raised evidence of a potential regulatory action of marine lipids on inflammation, the immune system, and food allergy (FA). FA is considered one of the main concerns to become life threatening in food safety. The prevalence of this emerging global problem has been increasing during the last two decades, especially in industrialized countries. About a 6-8% of young children and 2-4% of adults is estimated to be affected by FA. The main objective of the current study is to update the existing knowledge, but also the limitations, on the potential impact of marine lipids and their lipid mediators in regulating immunity, inflammation, and ultimately, food allergies. In particular, the focus is on the effect of marine lipids in modulating the key factors that control the sensitization and effector phases of FA, including gut microbiota (GM), inflammation, and immune system response. Results in animal models highlight the positive effect that consuming marine lipids, whether as a supplement or through seafood consumption, may have a relevant role in improving gut dysbiosis and inflammation, and preventing or reducing the severity of FA. However, more systematic studies in humans are needed to optimize such beneficial actions to each particular FA, age, and medical condition to reach an effective clinical application of marine lipids to improve FAs and their outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana G. Abril
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Department of Food Technology, Institute of Marine Research (IM-CSIC), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Vigo, Spain
| | - Mónica Carrera
- Department of Food Technology, Institute of Marine Research (IM-CSIC), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Vigo, Spain
| | - Manuel Pazos
- Department of Food Technology, Institute of Marine Research (IM-CSIC), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Vigo, Spain
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Čelakovská J, Čermákova E, Vaňková R, Andrýs C, Krejsek J. Sensitisation to molecular components of fungi in atopic dermatitis patients, the relation to the occurrence of food hypersensitivity reactions. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/09540105.2022.2074968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J. Čelakovská
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty Hospital and Medical Faculty of Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - E. Čermákova
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Medical Faculty of Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech republic
| | - R. Vaňková
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Faculty Hospital and Medical Faculty of Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - C. Andrýs
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Faculty Hospital and Medical Faculty of Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - J. Krejsek
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Faculty Hospital and Medical Faculty of Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
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Vassilopoulou E, Guibas GV, Papadopoulos NG. Mediterranean-Type Diets as a Protective Factor for Asthma and Atopy. Nutrients 2022; 14:1825. [PMID: 35565792 PMCID: PMC9105881 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We are currently riding the second wave of the allergy epidemic, which is ongoing in affluent societies, but now also affecting developing countries. This increase in the prevalence of atopy/asthma in the Western world has coincided with a rapid improvement in living conditions and radical changes in lifestyle, suggesting that this upward trend in allergic manifestations may be associated with cultural and environmental factors. Diet is a prominent environmental exposure that has undergone major changes, with a substantial increase in the consumption of processed foods, all across the globe. On this basis, the potential effects of dietary habits on atopy and asthma have been researched rigorously, but even with a considerable body of evidence, clear associations are far from established. Many factors converge to obscure the potential relationship, including methodological, pathophysiological and cultural differences. To date, the most commonly researched, and highly promising, candidate for exerting a protective effect is the so-called Mediterranean diet (MedDi). This dietary pattern has been the subject of investigation since the mid twentieth century, and the evidence regarding its beneficial health effects is overwhelming, although data on a correlation between MedDi and the incidence and severity of asthma and atopy are inconclusive. As the prevalence of asthma appears to be lower in some Mediterranean populations, it can be speculated that the MedDi dietary pattern could indeed have a place in a preventive strategy for asthma/atopy. This is a review of the current evidence of the associations between the constituents of the MedDi and asthma/atopy, with emphasis on the pathophysiological links between MedDi and disease outcomes and the research pitfalls and methodological caveats which may hinder identification of causality. MedDi, as a dietary pattern, rather than short-term supplementation or excessive focus on single nutrient effects, may be a rational option for preventive intervention against atopy and asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Vassilopoulou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - George V. Guibas
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Royal Preston Hospital, Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston PR2 9HT, UK;
- School of Biological Sciences, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK;
| | - Nikolaos G. Papadopoulos
- School of Biological Sciences, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK;
- Allergy Department, 2nd Pediatric Clinic, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Thivon and Levadias 1, 11527 Athens, Greece
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Role of EPA in Inflammation: Mechanisms, Effects, and Clinical Relevance. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12020242. [PMID: 35204743 PMCID: PMC8961629 DOI: 10.3390/biom12020242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Many chronic inflammatory processes are linked with the continuous release of inflammatory mediators and the activation of harmful signal-transduction pathways that are able to facilitate disease progression. In this context atherosclerosis represents the most common pathological substrate of coronary heart disease, and the characterization of the disease as a chronic low-grade inflammatory condition is now validated. The biomarkers of inflammation associated with clinical cardiovascular risk support the theory that targeted anti-inflammatory treatment appears to be a promising strategy in reducing residual cardiovascular risk. Several literature data highlight cardioprotective effects of the long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). This PUFA lowers plasma triglyceride levels and has potential beneficial effects on atherosclerotic plaques. Preclinical studies reported that EPA reduces both pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines levels. Clinical studies in patients with coronary artery disease that receive pharmacological statin therapy suggest that EPA may decrease plaque vulnerability preventing plaque progression. This review aims to provide an overview of the links between inflammation and cardiovascular risk factors, importantly focusing on the role of diet, in particular examining the proposed role of EPA as well as the success or failure of standard pharmacological therapy for cardiovascular diseases.
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Proportions of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Umbilical Cord Blood at Birth Are Related to Atopic Eczema Development in the First Year of Life. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13113779. [PMID: 34836034 PMCID: PMC8624970 DOI: 10.3390/nu13113779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Atopic eczema, the most common atopic disease in infants, may pave the way for sensitization and allergy later in childhood. Fatty acids have immune-regulating properties and may regulate skin permeability. Here we examine whether the proportions of fatty acids among the infant and maternal plasma phospholipids at birth were associated with maternal dietary intake during pregnancy and development of atopic eczema during the first year of age in the Nutritional impact on Immunological maturation during Childhood in relation to the Environment (NICE) birth cohort. Dietary data were collected with a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire, fatty acids were measured with GC-MS and atopic eczema was diagnosed by a pediatric allergologist at 12 months of age. We found that higher proportions of n-6 PUFAs (including arachidonic acid) but lower proportions of n-3 PUFAs (including DPA) in the infant’s phospholipids at birth were associated with an increased risk of atopic eczema at 12 months of age. The n-6 and n-3 PUFAs were related to maternal intake of meat and fish, respectively. Our results suggest that prenatal exposure to unsaturated fatty acids is associated with eczema development in the infant. Maternal diet during pregnancy may partly explain the fatty acid profiles in utero.
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Matterne U, Tischer C, Wang J, Knüttel H, Genuneit J, Perkin M, Apfelbacher C. The evidence for interventions in early childhood allergy prevention - towards a living systematic review: protocol. F1000Res 2021; 10:235. [PMID: 36793508 PMCID: PMC9924298 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.51490.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Research in early childhood allergy prevention (ECAP) is flourishing and new intervention strategies have proven to be promising. Due to the dynamic nature of ECAP, gaps between what is known and how guidelines inform practice are likely. A living systematic review (LSR) can narrow this gap by incorporating new evidence as it becomes available. No efficacy comparisons across various ECAP interventions for similar outcomes have been carried out. Networks of randomised clinical trials can be evaluated in the context of a network meta-analysis (NMA). We aim to establish a LSR on the efficacy and safety of any intervention investigated in randomised controlled trials (RCT) to prevent the occurrence of allergic sensitisation (AS), symptoms or diagnoses of allergic diseases in infancy and early childhood (0-3 years). Methods: A baseline SR will synthesise the evidence from existing SRs of RCTs as well as RCTs not yet considered in these. After completion of the baseline SR we propose to conduct a LSR. Using this methodology, we aim to undertake constant evidence surveillance, three-monthly search updates, and review updates every three months, should new evidence emerge. Conclusions: The ECAP evidence landscape has undergone dramatic transformations and this process is likely to continue. As a response to this, a LSR offers the potential to allow more timely synthesis of new evidence as it emerges. Long gaps between updates of SRs makes it harder for guidelines and recommendations to be up to date. Users of information, such as parents, may be confused if they encounter new evidence that is not part of a trusted guideline. A LSR approach allows us to continuously search the literature and update the evidence-base of existing ECAP interventions resulting in a decreased timespan from evidence accrual to informing clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uwe Matterne
- Institute of Social Medicine and Health Systems Research, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, Magdeburg, 39120, Germany,
| | - Christina Tischer
- Institute for Health Resort Medicine and Health Promotion, State Institute of Health, Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority, Prinzregentenstraße 6, Bad Kissingen, 97688, Germany
| | - Jiancong Wang
- Institute of Social Medicine and Health Systems Research, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, Magdeburg, 39120, Germany
| | - Helge Knüttel
- University Library, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, Regensburg, 93053, Germany
| | - Jon Genuneit
- Pediatric Epidemiology, Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, Liebigstraße 20a, Leipzig, 04103, Germany
| | - Michael Perkin
- Population Health Research Institute, St George's, University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London, SW17 0RE, UK
| | - Christian Apfelbacher
- Institute of Social Medicine and Health Systems Research, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, Magdeburg, 39120, Germany,Family Medicine and Primary Care, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, 11 Mandalay Road, 308232, Singapore
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9
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Brosseau C, Selle A, Duval A, Misme-Aucouturier B, Chesneau M, Brouard S, Cherbuy C, Cariou V, Bouchaud G, Mincham KT, Strickland DH, Barbarot S, Bodinier M. Prebiotic Supplementation During Pregnancy Modifies the Gut Microbiota and Increases Metabolites in Amniotic Fluid, Driving a Tolerogenic Environment In Utero. Front Immunol 2021; 12:712614. [PMID: 34335628 PMCID: PMC8317504 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.712614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota is influenced by environmental factors such as food. Maternal diet during pregnancy modifies the gut microbiota composition and function, leading to the production of specific compounds that are transferred to the fetus and enhance the ontogeny and maturation of the immune system. Prebiotics are fermented by gut bacteria, leading to the release of short-chain fatty acids that can specifically interact with the immune system, inducing a switch toward tolerogenic populations and therefore conferring health benefits. In this study, pregnant BALB/cJRj mice were fed either a control diet or a diet enriched in prebiotics (Galacto-oligosaccharides/Inulin). We hypothesized that galacto-oligosaccharides/inulin supplementation during gestation could modify the maternal microbiota, favoring healthy immune imprinting in the fetus. Galacto-oligosaccharides/inulin supplementation during gestation increases the abundance of Bacteroidetes and decreases that of Firmicutes in the gut microbiota, leading to increased production of fecal acetate, which was found for the first time in amniotic fluid. Prebiotic supplementation increased the abundance of regulatory B and T cells in gestational tissues and in the fetus. Interestingly, these regulatory cells remained later in life. In conclusion, prebiotic supplementation during pregnancy leads to the transmission of specific microbial and immune factors from mother to child, allowing the establishment of tolerogenic immune imprinting in the fetus that may be beneficial for infant health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carole Brosseau
- Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'alimentation et l'Environnement (INRAE) Pays de la Loire, UR1268 BIA, Impasse Thérèse Bertrand-Fontaine, Nantes, France
| | - Amandine Selle
- Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'alimentation et l'Environnement (INRAE) Pays de la Loire, UR1268 BIA, Impasse Thérèse Bertrand-Fontaine, Nantes, France
| | - Angeline Duval
- Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'alimentation et l'Environnement (INRAE) Pays de la Loire, UR1268 BIA, Impasse Thérèse Bertrand-Fontaine, Nantes, France
| | - Barbara Misme-Aucouturier
- Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'alimentation et l'Environnement (INRAE) Pays de la Loire, UR1268 BIA, Impasse Thérèse Bertrand-Fontaine, Nantes, France
| | - Melanie Chesneau
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Labex IGO, Nantes, France
| | - Sophie Brouard
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Labex IGO, Nantes, France
| | - Claire Cherbuy
- INRAE Micalis, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | | | - Gregory Bouchaud
- Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'alimentation et l'Environnement (INRAE) Pays de la Loire, UR1268 BIA, Impasse Thérèse Bertrand-Fontaine, Nantes, France
| | - Kyle T Mincham
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Deborah H Strickland
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Sebastien Barbarot
- Department of Dermatology, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.,UMR PhAN, INRAE, Nantes, France
| | - Marie Bodinier
- Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'alimentation et l'Environnement (INRAE) Pays de la Loire, UR1268 BIA, Impasse Thérèse Bertrand-Fontaine, Nantes, France
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Nakamura T. The roles of lipid mediators in type I hypersensitivity. J Pharmacol Sci 2021; 147:126-131. [PMID: 34294363 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2021.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Type I hypersensitivity is an immediate immune reaction that involves IgE-mediated activation of mast cells. Activated mast cells release chemical mediators, such as histamine and lipid mediators, which cause allergic reactions. Recent developments in detection devices have revealed that mast cells simultaneously release a wide variety of lipid mediators. Mounting evidence has revealed that mast cell-derived mediators exert both pro- and anti-inflammatory functions and positively and negatively regulate the development of allergic inflammation. This review presents the roles of major lipid mediators released from mast cells. Author believes this review will be helpful for a better understanding of the pathogenesis of allergic diseases and provide a new strategy for the diagnosis and treatment of allergic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuro Nakamura
- Department of Animal Radiology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Japan.
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11
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Pierau M, Arra A, Brunner-Weinzierl MC. Preventing Atopic Diseases During Childhood - Early Exposure Matters. Front Immunol 2021; 12:617731. [PMID: 33717110 PMCID: PMC7946845 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.617731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Atopic diseases in childhood are a major burden worldwide and there is still a lack of knowledge about treatable causes. In industrialized countries such as Germany, almost every second child is sensitized to at least one common allergen. Recent studies show that although the predisposition to allergies is inherited, the adaptive immune system of neonates and infants follows a developmental trajectory and whether an allergy actually occurs depends also on timing of allergen exposure including diet as well as environmental factors. New recommendations are far from being rigid of allergen avoidance; it is rather moving toward conditions that stand for more biodiversity. The observation that introduction of peanuts or eggs early in life significantly reduced the development of a later allergy will change our recommendations for the introduction of complementary foods. This is consistent with the hygiene hypothesis that early provocation shapes the developing immune system so that it reacts appropriately. Therefore, promoting the development of tolerance is at the heart of sensible allergy prevention - and this begins with the last trimester of pregnancy. In light of this concept, actual recommendations are discussed.
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Čelakovská J, Bukač J, Vaňková R, Krejsek J, Andrýs C, Krcmova I. Food allergy to shrimps and fish in patients suffering from atopic dermatitis, the results of ISAC Multiplex examination. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/09540105.2020.1826911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J. Čelakovská
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology Faculty Hospital and Medical Faculty of Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - J. Bukač
- Department of Medical Biophysic, Medical Faculty of Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech republic
| | - R. Vaňková
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Faculty Hospital and Medical Faculty of Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - J. Krejsek
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Faculty Hospital and Medical Faculty of Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - C. Andrýs
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Faculty Hospital and Medical Faculty of Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - I. Krcmova
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Faculty Hospital and Medical Faculty of Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
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Gardner KG, Gebretsadik T, Hartman TJ, Rosa MJ, Tylavsky FA, Adgent MA, Moore PE, Kocak M, Bush NR, Davis RL, Lewinn KZ, Wright RJ, Carroll KN. Prenatal Omega-3 and Omega-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Childhood Atopic Dermatitis. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY. IN PRACTICE 2020; 8:937-944. [PMID: 31626989 PMCID: PMC7064417 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2019.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis is a common childhood disease, potentially influenced by prenatal nutritional exposures such as polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). OBJECTIVE In a racially diverse cohort, we hypothesized that childhood atopic dermatitis would be associated with higher prenatal omega-6 (n-6) and lower omega-3 (n-3) PUFAs. METHODS We included mother-child dyads, births 2006 to 2011, enrolled in the University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center Conditions Affecting Neurocognitive Development in Early Childhood cohort. Primary exposures included second trimester plasma n-3 and n-6 PUFA status and the ratio of the two (n-6:n-3). We assessed child current atopic dermatitis symptoms in the previous 12 months at age approximately 4 to 6 years. We investigated the association between PUFA exposures and atopic dermatitis using multivariable logistic regression, adjusting for potential confounders. We assessed for effect modification by maternal prenatal smoking, atopic disease history, and child sex. RESULTS Among 1131 women, 67% were African American and 42% had an atopic disease history; 17% of children had atopic dermatitis. Higher prenatal n-6 PUFAs were associated with increased relative odds of child atopic dermatitis (adjusted odds ratio: 1.25; confidence interval: 1.01-1.54 per interquartile range difference), and interaction models demonstrated that this association was seen in dyads in which the women had a history of atopic disease. Neither prenatal n-3 PUFAs nor n-6:n-3 were associated with child atopic dermatitis. CONCLUSION In this racially diverse cohort, higher second trimester n-6 PUFAs were associated with atopic dermatitis in children of women with atopy. PUFAs may represent a modifiable risk factor for atopic dermatitis, particularly in individuals with a familial predisposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kourtney G Gardner
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Pulmonology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn; Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn
| | - Tebeb Gebretsadik
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn
| | - Terryl J Hartman
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga
| | - Maria J Rosa
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY; Institute of Exposomic Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY
| | - Frances A Tylavsky
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tenn
| | - Margaret A Adgent
- Division of General Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn; Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn
| | - Paul E Moore
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Pulmonology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn; Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn
| | - Mehmet Kocak
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tenn
| | - Nicole R Bush
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, Calif; Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, Calif
| | - Robert L Davis
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tenn
| | - Kaja Z Lewinn
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, Calif
| | - Rosalind J Wright
- Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY; Institute of Exposomic Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY
| | - Kecia N Carroll
- Division of General Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn; Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn.
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Zhang Y, Lin J, Zhou R, Zheng X, Dai J. Effect of omega-3 fatty acids supplementation during childhood in preventing allergic disease: a systematic review and Meta-Analysis. J Asthma 2020; 58:523-536. [PMID: 31880179 DOI: 10.1080/02770903.2019.1709866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early omega-3 fatty acids exposure can influence early immune development and potentially prevent allergic disease. OBJECTIVES To review the effects of omega-3 fatty acids during childhood on allergic disease outcomes. METHODS We conducted searches of the PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and international trial registers (ClinicalTrials.gov and ISRCTN Registry) to September 30, 2018. We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and prospective cohort studies regarding the effect of omega-3 fatty acids during childhood on allergic disease outcomes. A total of 8 publications from 2 prospective cohort studies and 6 reports representing 5 unique RCTs were included. RESULTS The results of meta-analysis showed that omega-3 fatty acids during childhood did not appear to significantly alter the risk of any atopy (≤3 years old: RR 0.70, 95% CI 0.47 to 1.04, p = 0.08; > 3 years old: RR 0.98, 95% CI 0.82 to 1.16, p = 0.77), wheeze (≤3 years old: RR 0.82, 95% CI 0.54 to 1.26, p = 0.375; > 3 years old: RR 1.03, 95% CI 0.53 to 2.00, p = 0.929) and eczema (≤3 years old: RR 0.86, 95% CI 0.68 to 1.08, p = 0.20; > 3 years old: RR 0.90, 95% CI 0.60 to 1.35, p = 0.60). CONCLUSIONS There is limited evidence to support omega-3 fatty acids during childhood could reduce the risk of allergic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Disease; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders; National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders; China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R China
| | - Jilei Lin
- Department of Respiratory Disease; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders; National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders; China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R China
| | - Rui Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Disease; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders; National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders; China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R China
| | - Xuexiang Zheng
- Department of Respiratory Disease; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders; National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders; China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R China
| | - Jihong Dai
- Department of Respiratory Disease; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders; National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders; China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R China
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Lee YS, Yang WK, Jo EH, Ho Shin S, Lee YC, Park MC, Kim SH. NCM 1921, a Mixture of Several Ingredients, Including Fatty Acids and Choline, Attenuates Atopic Dermatitis in 1-Chloro-2,4-Dinitrobenzene-Treated NC/Nga Mice. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12010165. [PMID: 31936050 PMCID: PMC7019988 DOI: 10.3390/nu12010165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Revised: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease in humans. In this study, we evaluated the effects of a mixture (NCM 1921) of omega-3 butter, omega-3 beef tallow oil, omega-3 lard oil, caprylic acid, lauric acid, choline, and Fe on AD in 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (DNCB)-treated NC/Nga mice. NCM 1921 significantly ameliorated the macroscopic and microscopic signs and reduced skin thickness and mast cell incorporation in the skin lesions of mice with DNCB-induced AD. Furthermore, it reduced serum immunoglobulin E levels; reduced the number of IgE-producing B cells, peripheral blood mononuclear cells, white blood cells, and differential white blood cells; and increased the number of lymphocytes. NCM 1921 normalized the total cell number in dorsal skin tissue, the axillary lymph node, and spleen following DNCB exposure and reduced the number of CD23+/B220+ cells in the axillary lymph node and CD3+ cells in dorsal skin tissue. Moreover, it reduced the levels of interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 but increased the levels of interferon-γ in anti-CD3–stimulated splenocytes. Immunohistofluorescence staining showed that NCM 1921 treatment significantly increased claudin1, filaggrin, and Sirt1 protein expressions in AD skin lesions. These results suggest that NCM 1921 could be a valuable remedy for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Sil Lee
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Korea;
| | - Won-Kyung Yang
- Institute of Traditional Medicine & Bioscience, Daejeon University, Daejeon 34520, Korea;
| | - Eun-Hee Jo
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Won-Kwang University Korean Medicine Hospital, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 54538, Korea;
| | - Seung Ho Shin
- Sunseo Omega3, 53 Judeognong-gong-gil, Chungju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do 27462, Korea;
| | - Young-Cheol Lee
- Department of Herbology, College of Korean Medicine, Sangji University, Wonju 26339, Korea;
| | - Min-Cheol Park
- Department of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology, Won-Kwang University Korean Medicine Hospital 895 Muwang-ro, Iksan-si, Jeollabuk-do 54538, Korea
- Correspondence: (M.-C.P.); (S.-H.K.); Tel.: +82-63-859-1114 (M.-C.P.); +82-42-280-2642 (S.-H.K.); Fax: +82-63-841-0033 (M.-C.P.); +82-42-274-2600 (S.-H.K.)
| | - Seung-Hyung Kim
- Institute of Traditional Medicine & Bioscience, Daejeon University, Daejeon 34520, Korea;
- Correspondence: (M.-C.P.); (S.-H.K.); Tel.: +82-63-859-1114 (M.-C.P.); +82-42-280-2642 (S.-H.K.); Fax: +82-63-841-0033 (M.-C.P.); +82-42-274-2600 (S.-H.K.)
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16
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Čelakovská J, Josef B, Vaneckova J, Krcmova I, Komorousová M, Cetkovská P, Vankova R, Krejsek J. Food Hypersensitivity Reactions to Seafish in Atopic Dermatitis Patients Older than 14 Year of Age - The Evaluation of Association with Other Allergic Diseases and Parameters. Indian J Dermatol 2020; 65:97-104. [PMID: 32180594 PMCID: PMC7059474 DOI: 10.4103/ijd.ijd_403_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Seafood allergy is among one of the common food allergies. Decrease in consumption of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), prevalent especially in oily fish, has been proposed to contribute to the increased prevalence of allergic diseases. Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate, in atopic dermatitis (AD) patients, the relation between the occurrence of food hypersensitivity reaction (FHR) to seafish and the occurrence of other atopic diseases and parameters. Methods Complete dermatological and allergological examination was performed in patients included in the study; 332 patients were examined, with the average age 26.8 years (SD 9.2 years). Results The FHR to seafish was confirmed in 11% of patients. Patients suffering from FHR to seafish suffered significantly more from sensitization to fungi (in 46%), from reactions to celery (in 34%), and from persistent eczematic lesions (in 82%). Conclusion FHRs to seafish in AD patients are associated with persistent eczematic lesions and with the higher occurrence of sensitization to fungi and reactions to celery. The occurrence of bronchial asthma, rhinitis, positive family history, and onset of AD under 5 years of age is higher in patients with reactions to seafish, but the difference is not statistically significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarmila Čelakovská
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty Hospital and Medical Faculty of Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Bukač Josef
- Medical Biophysic, Medical Faculty of Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslava Vaneckova
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty Hospital and Medical Faculty of Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Irena Krcmova
- Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Faculty Hospital and Medical Faculty of Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Komorousová
- Department of Dermatovenereology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Cetkovská
- Department of Dermatovenereology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Czech Republic
| | - Radka Vankova
- Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Faculty Hospital and Medical Faculty of Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Krejsek
- Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Faculty Hospital and Medical Faculty of Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
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18
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Quin C, Gibson DL. Dietary Fatty Acids and Host-Microbial Crosstalk in Neonatal Enteric Infection. Nutrients 2019; 11:E2064. [PMID: 31484327 PMCID: PMC6770655 DOI: 10.3390/nu11092064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Human milk is the best nutritional choice for infants. However, in instances where breastfeeding is not possible, infant formulas are used as alternatives. While formula manufacturers attempt to mimic the performance of human breast milk, formula-fed babies consistently have higher incidences of infection from diarrheal diseases than those breastfed. Differences in disease susceptibility, progression and severity can be attributed, in part, to nutritional fatty acid differences between breast milk and formula. Despite advances in our understanding of breast milk properties, formulas still present major differences in their fatty acid composition when compared to human breast milk. In this review, we highlight the role of distinct types of dietary fatty acids in modulating host inflammation, both directly and through the microbiome-immune nexus. We present evidence that dietary fatty acids influence enteric disease susceptibility and therefore, altering the fatty acid composition in formula may be a potential strategy to improve infectious outcomes in formula-fed infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candice Quin
- Department of Biology, Okanagan Campus, University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus ASC 386, 3187 University Way, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Deanna L Gibson
- Department of Biology, Okanagan Campus, University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus ASC 386, 3187 University Way, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada.
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada.
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19
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Fish Consumption at One Year of Age Reduces the Risk of Eczema, Asthma and Wheeze at Six Years of Age. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11091969. [PMID: 31438628 PMCID: PMC6770937 DOI: 10.3390/nu11091969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The role of dietary fish and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-PUFAs) in the primary prevention of allergic diseases remains uncertain. The aim of this study was to investigate associations between the consumption of fish and cod liver oil (rich in n-PUFAs) from pregnancy to the first two years of life, and parental reported allergic diseases at six years of age. Methods: We used data from the Prevention of Allergy among Children in Trondheim study and included mother-infant pairs who had submitted questionnaires detailing both maternal or infant diet and allergic disease at six years of age. Results: Eating fish at least once a week at one year of age was associated with a 28%, 40% and 34% reduction in the odds of current eczema, asthma, and wheeze at six years of age, respectively. Cod liver oil consumption at least four times per week at one year of age tended to be associated with a lower risk of allergy-related outcomes at six years. We found no consistent associations between allergy-related outcomes and fish or cod liver oil consumption by mothers. Conclusion: The preventive effect of fish consumption is best achieved by increasing dietary fish in the first year of life.
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20
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Baïz N, Just J, Chastang J, Forhan A, de Lauzon-Guillain B, Magnier AM, Annesi-Maesano I. Maternal diet before and during pregnancy and risk of asthma and allergic rhinitis in children. ALLERGY, ASTHMA, AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE CANADIAN SOCIETY OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 15:40. [PMID: 31285746 PMCID: PMC6589169 DOI: 10.1186/s13223-019-0353-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Consumption of certain foods during pregnancy has been shown to have beneficial effects on childhood asthma and allergic disease development and aggravation. However, most studies provide conflicting results and the relationships between maternal preconceptional diet and risks of childhood asthma and allergic disease have not previously been explored. The objective of this study was to assess maternal diet during the year before pregnancy and the last 3 months of pregnancy and investigate their associations with the risks of asthma, wheezing, allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis in young children. METHODS The study sample consisted of 1140 mother-child pairs from the EDEN cohort. Mothers had responded to the food frequency questionnaires used to assess diet before and during pregnancy. Children were followed up using health questionnaires. The health outcomes studied were: asthma, wheezing, allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis by the age of 3 years. RESULTS Using multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models, significant inverse associations were observed between cooked green vegetable consumption before pregnancy and childhood asthma; consumption of eggs and raw vegetables before and during pregnancy, consumption of grains before pregnancy, and consumption of cooked green vegetables during pregnancy and allergic rhinitis. For the first time, a significant positive association was found between meat intake during the preconceptional period and a risk of wheezing, allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis. CONCLUSIONS Based on our findings, preconceptional and prenatal maternal intake of certain type of food groups may be preventive against asthma, wheezing and allergic rhinitis, whereas higher maternal intake of meat before pregnancy may increase the risk of wheezing, allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis in young children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nour Baïz
- Epidemiology of Allergic and Respiratory Diseases Department (EPAR), Pierre Louis Institute of Epidemiology and Public Health (IPLESP UMRS 1136), Saint-Antoine Medical School, Sorbonne Université and INSERM, 27 Rue Chaligny, 75571 Paris Cedex 12, France
| | - Jocelyne Just
- Epidemiology of Allergic and Respiratory Diseases Department (EPAR), Pierre Louis Institute of Epidemiology and Public Health (IPLESP UMRS 1136), Saint-Antoine Medical School, Sorbonne Université and INSERM, 27 Rue Chaligny, 75571 Paris Cedex 12, France
- Département d’Allergologie, Hôpital Trousseau AP-HP–UPMC Paris 6, Paris, France
| | - Julie Chastang
- Epidemiology of Allergic and Respiratory Diseases Department (EPAR), Pierre Louis Institute of Epidemiology and Public Health (IPLESP UMRS 1136), Saint-Antoine Medical School, Sorbonne Université and INSERM, 27 Rue Chaligny, 75571 Paris Cedex 12, France
- Department of General Practice, Medical School Saint Antoine, Sorbonne Université, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Anne Forhan
- INSERM, UMR1153 Center for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Research Team on Early Life Origins of Heath (EAROH), Paris, France
- Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Blandine de Lauzon-Guillain
- INSERM, UMR1153 Center for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Research Team on Early Life Origins of Heath (EAROH), Paris, France
- Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
- INRA, U1125 Center for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Research Team on Early Life Origins of Heath (EAROH), Paris, France
| | - Anne-Marie Magnier
- Epidemiology of Allergic and Respiratory Diseases Department (EPAR), Pierre Louis Institute of Epidemiology and Public Health (IPLESP UMRS 1136), Saint-Antoine Medical School, Sorbonne Université and INSERM, 27 Rue Chaligny, 75571 Paris Cedex 12, France
- Department of General Practice, Medical School Saint Antoine, Sorbonne Université, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Isabella Annesi-Maesano
- Epidemiology of Allergic and Respiratory Diseases Department (EPAR), Pierre Louis Institute of Epidemiology and Public Health (IPLESP UMRS 1136), Saint-Antoine Medical School, Sorbonne Université and INSERM, 27 Rue Chaligny, 75571 Paris Cedex 12, France
| | - the EDEN Mother-Child Cohort Study Group
- Epidemiology of Allergic and Respiratory Diseases Department (EPAR), Pierre Louis Institute of Epidemiology and Public Health (IPLESP UMRS 1136), Saint-Antoine Medical School, Sorbonne Université and INSERM, 27 Rue Chaligny, 75571 Paris Cedex 12, France
- Département d’Allergologie, Hôpital Trousseau AP-HP–UPMC Paris 6, Paris, France
- Department of General Practice, Medical School Saint Antoine, Sorbonne Université, 75012 Paris, France
- INSERM, UMR1153 Center for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Research Team on Early Life Origins of Heath (EAROH), Paris, France
- Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
- INRA, U1125 Center for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Research Team on Early Life Origins of Heath (EAROH), Paris, France
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Bernstein AS, Oken E, de Ferranti S. Fish, Shellfish, and Children's Health: An Assessment of Benefits, Risks, and Sustainability. Pediatrics 2019; 143:e20190999. [PMID: 31110165 PMCID: PMC6864235 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2019-0999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
American children eat relatively little fish and shellfish in comparison with other sources of animal protein, despite the health benefits that eating fish and shellfish may confer. At the same time, fish and shellfish may be sources of toxicants. This report serves to inform pediatricians about available research that elucidates health risks and benefits associated with fish and shellfish consumption in childhood as well as the sustainability of fish and shellfish harvests.
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Abstract
The prevalence of food allergy is raising in industrialized countries, but the mechanisms behind this increased incidence are not fully understood. Environmental factors are believed to play a role in allergic diseases, including lifestyle influences, such as diet. There is a close relationship between allergens and lipids, with many allergenic proteins having the ability to bind lipids. Dietary lipids exert pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory functions on cells of the innate immunity and influence antigen presentation to cells of the adaptive immunity. In addition to modifying the immunostimulating properties of proteins, lipids also alter their digestibility and intestinal absorption, changing allergen bioavailability. This study provides an overview of the role of dietary lipids in food allergy, taking into account epidemiological information, as well as results of mechanistic investigations using in vivo, ex vivo and in vitro models. The emerging link among high-fat diets, obesity, and allergy is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosina López-Fandiño
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL, CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
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23
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Factors associated with plasma n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid levels in Tanzanian infants. Eur J Clin Nutr 2019; 74:97-105. [PMID: 31024091 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-019-0428-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2017] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES To identify factors associated with plasma polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) levels among 3-month-old Tanzanian infants. SUBJECTS/METHODS Infants (n = 238) and mothers (n = 193) randomly selected from participants in the neonatal vitamin A supplementation randomized controlled trial. A cross-sectional study of maternal-infant pairs at 3 months postpartum. RESULTS All infant total, n-3, n-6, and individual PUFA levels were correlated with maternal levels. Infant plasma n-3 PUFA levels were higher when maternal n-3 PUFA levels were higher (mean difference in infant % fatty acid per unit increase in maternal levels ± standard error: 0.79 ± 0.08; P < 0.01). Infant plasma docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) levels were positively associated with maternal DHA levels (0.77 ± 0.09; P < 0.01) but were lower for twin births (-0.55 ± 0.27; P = 0.03). Greater birth weight in kilograms (1.00 ± 0.43; P = 0.02) and higher maternal n-6 PUFA levels (0.20 ± 0.07; P < 0.01) were positively associated with higher infant n-6 PUFA levels, whereas maternal mono-unsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) levels (-0.26 ± 0.08; P < 0.01), maternal mid upper arm circumference (MUAC) (-0.22 ± 0.11; P = 0.04), and male sex (-0.99 ± 0.45; P = 0.03) were associated with lower infant plasma n-6 PUFA levels. Infant plasma arachidonic acid (AA) levels were positively associated with maternal plasma AA levels (0.38 ± 0.09; P < 0.01), but inversely associated with twin births (-1.37 ± 0.67; P = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS Greater birth weight and higher maternal plasma PUFA levels at 3 months postpartum were significantly associated with higher infant plasma PUFA levels at 3 months age. Twin births, male sex, and higher maternal MUFA levels were associated with lower infant plasma PUFA levels. Nutrition counseling for optimal intake of PUFA-rich foods, to lactating mothers in resource-limited settings may be beneficial for improved infant health.
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Lind T, Johansson U, Öhlund I, Lindberg L, Lönnerdal B, Tennefors C, Hernell O. Study protocol: optimized complementary feeding study (OTIS): a randomized controlled trial of the impact of a protein-reduced complementary diet based on Nordic foods. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:134. [PMID: 30704429 PMCID: PMC6357470 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-6466-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background What we eat as infants and children carries long-term consequences. Apart from breastfeeding, the composition of the complementary diet, i.e. the foods given to the infant during the transition from breast milk/infant formula to regular family foods affects the child’s future health. A high intake of protein, a low intake of fruits, vegetables and fish and an unfavorable distribution between polyunsaturated and saturated fats are considered to be associate with health risks, e.g. obesity, type 2 diabetes and dyslipidemia later in life. Methods In a randomized, controlled study from 6 to 18 months of age we will compare the currently recommended, Swedish complementary diet to one based on Nordic foods, i.e. an increased intake of fruits, berries, vegetables, tubers, whole-grain and game, and a lower intake of sweets, dairy, meat and poultry, with lower protein content (30% decrease), a higher intake of vegetable fats and fish and a systematic introduction of fruits and greens. The main outcomes are body composition (fat and fat-free mass measured with deuterium), metabolic and inflammatory biomarkers (associated with the amount of body fat) in blood and urine, gut microbiota (thought to be the link between early diet, metabolism and diseases such as obesity and insulin resistance) and blood pressure. We will also measure the participants’ energy and nutrient intake, eating behavior and temperament through validated questionnaires, acceptance of new and unfamiliar foods through video-taped test meals and assessment of cognitive development, which we believe can be influenced through an increased intake of fish and milk fats, notably milk fat globule membranes (MFGM). Discussion If the results are what we expect, i.e. improved body composition and a less obesogenic, diabetogenic and inflammatory metabolism and gut microbiota composition, a more sustainable nutrient intake for future health and an increased acceptance of healthy foods, they will have a profound impact on the dietary recommendations to infants in Sweden and elsewhere, their eating habits later in life and subsequently their long-term health. Trial registration NCT02634749. Registration date 18 December 2015.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torbjörn Lind
- Paediatrics, Department of Clinical Sciences, Umeå University, SE-901 85, Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Ulrica Johansson
- Paediatrics, Department of Clinical Sciences, Umeå University, SE-901 85, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Inger Öhlund
- Paediatrics, Department of Clinical Sciences, Umeå University, SE-901 85, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Lene Lindberg
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bo Lönnerdal
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | | | - Olle Hernell
- Paediatrics, Department of Clinical Sciences, Umeå University, SE-901 85, Umeå, Sweden
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25
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ω-3 LCPUFA supplementation during pregnancy and risk of allergic outcomes or sensitization in offspring: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2018; 122:302-313.e2. [PMID: 30552987 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2018.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allergic diseases have increased worldwide in the last 2 decades, with children suffering the highest burden of the condition. The ω-3 long-chain poly-unsaturated fatty acid (LCPUFA) possesses anti-inflammatory properties that could lead to a reduction in inflammatory mediators in allergies. OBJECTIVE A systematic review and meta-analysis of the most recent follow-ups of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) was conducted to assess the effectiveness of ω-3 LCPUFA supplementation started during pregnancy on allergic outcomes in offspring. METHODS The RCTs with a minimum of 1-month follow-up post gestation were eligible for inclusion. The CENTRAL, MEDLINE, SCOPUS, WHO's International Clinical Trials Register, E-theses, and Web of Science databases were searched. Study quality was evaluated using the Cochrane Collaboration's risk of bias tool. RESULTS Ten RCTs (3,637 children), from 9 unique trials, examined the effectiveness of ω-3 LCPUFA supplementation started during pregnancy on the development of allergic outcomes in offspring. Heterogeneities were seen between the trials in terms of their sample, type, and duration of intervention and follow-up. Pooled estimates showed a significant reduction in childhood "sensitization to egg" (relative risk [RR] = 0.54, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.32-0.90), and "sensitization to peanut" (RR = 0.62, 95% CI = 0.40-0.96). No statistical differences were found for other allergic outcomes (eg, eczema, asthma/wheeze). CONCLUSION These results suggest that intake of ω-3 LCPUFA started during pregnancy can reduce the risk of sensitization to egg and peanut; however, the evidence is limited because of the small number of studies that contributed to the meta-analyses. The current evidence on the association between supplementation with ω-3 LCPUFA started during pregnancy and allergic outcomes is weak, because of the risk of bias and heterogeneities between studies.
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Fsadni C, Fsadni P, Montefort S, Fava S. Food consumption and the risk of childhood allergy. Asia Pac Allergy 2018; 8:e35. [PMID: 30402402 PMCID: PMC6209597 DOI: 10.5415/apallergy.2018.8.e35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The prevalence of allergic conditions is increasing in most countries. One possible explanation may be childhood nutrition. Objective The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between consumption of pre-specified types of food in school-aged children and presence of respiratory and allergic symptoms. Methods A total of 191 students aged 9-11 years were recruited from 5 schools to geographically cover all of Malta. Data was collected between October 2011 and February 2012. This was part of a bigger study which included clinical and environmental tests besides standardized health questionnaires. For the purposes of this part of the study only the health questionnaires were used. These standardized health questionnaires based on the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) were used to identify the presence of respiratory and allergic symptoms and to identify the types of foods and the frequency of consumption of various types of foods. Results We found that milk, meat, butter, olive oil, and yoghurt consumption had a negative association with allergic symptoms in children, whilst fish consumption had a detrimental effect. These relationships remained significant after correction for paternal level of education. Conclusion The study highlights the fact that nutrition in early childhood may have a significant effect on the risk of allergic conditions. Our results, taken together with data in the literature, suggest that different types of fish might have had different effects. This is probably related to their different fatty acid constitution thus warranting further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Fsadni
- Department of Medicine, Mater Dei Hospital, Msida, Malta.,University of Malta Medical School, Msida, Malta
| | - Peter Fsadni
- Department of Medicine, Mater Dei Hospital, Msida, Malta.,University of Malta Medical School, Msida, Malta
| | - Stephen Montefort
- Department of Medicine, Mater Dei Hospital, Msida, Malta.,University of Malta Medical School, Msida, Malta
| | - Stephen Fava
- Department of Medicine, Mater Dei Hospital, Msida, Malta.,University of Malta Medical School, Msida, Malta
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Čelakovská J, Bukač J, Ettler K, Vaneckova J, Ettlerova K, Krejsek J. Sensitisation to outdoor and indoor fungi in atopic dermatitis patients and the relation to the occurrence of food allergy to peanuts and walnuts. Mycoses 2018; 61:698-703. [PMID: 29772091 DOI: 10.1111/myc.12795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study is the evaluation of the relation between the sensitisation to outdoor and indoor fungi and allergy to peanuts and walnuts in atopic dermatitis patients aged 14 years and older. The complete dermatological and allergological examinations were performed in all included patients; the occurrence of food allergy to peanuts and walnuts was recorded (specific IgE, skin prick test, history of allergic reaction) and the sensitisation to mixture of outdoor fungi and indoor fungi was also examined (skin prick test, specific IgE). The statistical evaluation of the relation between the sensitisation to outdoor and indoor fungi and the occurrence of food allergy to peanuts and walnuts was performed; 329 patients were included in the study, 110 men and 219 women, the average age 26.8 years. The sensitisation to outdoor fungi was recorded in 91 patients (28%), the sensitisation to indoor fungi was recorded in 61 patients (18.5%), the occurrence of food allergy to peanuts was confirmed in 90 (27%) patients and to walnuts in 121 (36.7%) patients. We confirmed, that patients suffering from sensitisation to outdoor fungi suffer significantly more from food allergy to peanuts and walnuts. The significant relation between the sensitisation to indoor fungi and food allergy to peanuts and walnuts was not confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarmila Čelakovská
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty Hospital and Medical Faculty of Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Bukač
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Medical Faculty of Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Ettler
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty Hospital and Medical Faculty of Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslava Vaneckova
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty Hospital and Medical Faculty of Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Kvetuse Ettlerova
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Outpatient Clinic, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Krejsek
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Faculty Hospital and Medical Faculty of Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
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Best KP, Sullivan TR, Palmer DJ, Gold M, Martin J, Kennedy D, Makrides M. Prenatal omega-3 LCPUFA and symptoms of allergic disease and sensitization throughout early childhood - a longitudinal analysis of long-term follow-up of a randomized controlled trial. World Allergy Organ J 2018; 11:10. [PMID: 29977437 PMCID: PMC6003086 DOI: 10.1186/s40413-018-0190-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Randomized controlled trials of prenatal omega (ω-3) long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LCPUFA) supplementation are suggestive of some protective effects on allergic sensitization and symptoms of allergic disease in childhood. Due to the nature of the atopic march, investigation of any effects of this prenatal intervention may be most informative when consistently assessed longitudinally during childhood. Methods Follow-up of children (n = 706) with familial risk of allergy from the Docosahexaenoic Acid to Optimize Mother Infant Outcome (DOMInO) trial. The intervention group received fish oil capsules (900 mg of ω-3 LCPUFA) daily from <21 weeks' gestation until birth; the control group received vegetable oil capsules without ω-3 LCPUFA. This new longitudinal analysis reports previously unpublished data collected at 1 and 3 years of age. The allergic disease symptom data at 1, 3 and 6 years of age were consistently reported by parents using the "International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood" (ISAAC) questionnaire. Sensitization was determined by skin prick test to age specific, common allergen extracts. Results Changes over time in symptoms of allergic disease with sensitization (IgE-mediated) and sensitization did not differ between the groups; interaction p = 0.49, p = 0.10, respectively. Averaged across the 1, 3 and 6-year assessments, there were no significant effects of prenatal ω-3 LCPUFA supplementation on IgE-mediated allergic disease symptoms (adjusted relative risk 0.88 (95% CI 0.69, 1.12), p = 0.29) or sensitization (adjusted relative risk 0.97 (95% CI 0.82, 1.15), p = 0.76). Sensitization patterns to common allergens were consistent with the atopic march, with egg sensitization at 1 year strongly associated with house dust mite sensitization at 6 years, (p < 0.0001). Discussion Although there is some evidence to suggest that maternal supplementation with 900mg ω-3 LCPUFA has a protective effect on early symptoms of allergic disease and sensitization in the offspring, we did not observe any differences in the progression of disease over time in this longitudinal analysis. Further investigation into the dose and timing of ω-3 LCPUFA supplementation, including long-term follow up of children using consistent outcome reporting, is essential to determine whether this intervention may be of benefit as a primary prevention strategy for allergic disease. Conclusion Maternal supplementation with 900 mg of ω-3 LCPUFA did not change the progression of IgE-mediated allergic disease symptoms or sensitization throughout childhood from 1 to 6 years. Trial registration Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN); DOMInO trial ACTRN12605000569606, early childhood allergy follow up ACTRN12610000735055 and 6-year allergy follow up ACTRN12615000498594.
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Affiliation(s)
- K P Best
- 1Healthy Mothers, Babies and Children, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia Australia.,2School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia Australia.,7South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, 72 King William Road, North Adelaide, South Australia 5006 Australia
| | - T R Sullivan
- 3School of Public Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia Australia
| | - D J Palmer
- 4School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009 Australia.,Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Subiaco, Western Australia 6008 Australia
| | - M Gold
- 2School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia Australia
| | - J Martin
- 6Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Women's & Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, South Australia Australia
| | - D Kennedy
- 2School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia Australia.,6Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Women's & Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, South Australia Australia
| | - M Makrides
- 1Healthy Mothers, Babies and Children, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia Australia.,2School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia Australia
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Papamichael MM, Shrestha SK, Itsiopoulos C, Erbas B. The role of fish intake on asthma in children: A meta-analysis of observational studies. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2018. [PMID: 29524247 DOI: 10.1111/pai.12889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The evidence is mixed on the use of long chain Omega-3 fatty acids in the prevention and management of childhood asthma. METHODS We conducted a systematic search and meta-analysis investigating the role of fish intake, the main dietary source of long chain omega-3 fatty acids, on asthma in children. RESULTS A total of 1119 publications were identified. Twenty-three studies on fish intake in association with childhood asthma were included in the final review. In 15 of 23 studies, early introduction of fish (6-9 months) and regular consumption (at least once a week) improved asthma symptoms and reduced risk in children 0-14 years as compared to no fish consumption; 6 of 23 showed no effect and 2 of 23 studies suggest adverse effects. Meta-analysis revealed an overall "beneficial effect" for "all fish" intake on "current asthma" [OR: 0.75; 95%CI: 0.60-0.95] and "current wheeze" [OR: 0.62; 95%CI: 0.48-0.80] in children up to 4.5 years old. An overall protective effect of "fatty fish" intake as compared to "no fish" intake in children 8-14 years old was also observed [OR: 0.35; 95%CI: 0.18-0.67]. CONCLUSION This meta-analysis suggests that introduction of fish early in life (6-9 months) and regular consumption of all fish (at least once a week) reduces asthma and wheeze in children up to 4.5 years old, while fatty fish intake may be beneficial in older children. Future well-designed clinical trials are recommended to confirm the promising findings documented in this literature analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Papamichael
- Department of Rehabilitation, Nutrition and Sport, School of Allied Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - S K Shrestha
- Research Centre for Integrated Development (RECID), Nepal, Nepal
| | - C Itsiopoulos
- Department of Rehabilitation, Nutrition and Sport, School of Allied Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - B Erbas
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Vasileiadou S, Wennergren G, Strömberg Celind F, Åberg N, Pettersson R, Alm B, Goksör E. Eating fish and farm life reduce allergic rhinitis at the age of twelve. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2018; 29:283-289. [PMID: 29446153 DOI: 10.1111/pai.12875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of allergic rhinitis has increased, but the cause of this rise is partly unknown. Our aim was to analyse the prevalence, risk factors, and protective factors for allergic rhinitis in 12-year-old Swedish children. METHODS Data were collected from a prospective, longitudinal cohort study of children born in western Sweden in 2003. The parents answered questionnaires when the children were 6 months to 12 years. The response rate at 12 years was 76% (3637/4777) of the questionnaires distributed. RESULTS At the age of 12, 22% of children had allergic rhinitis and 57% were boys. Mean age at onset was 7.8 years, and 55% reported their first symptoms after 8 years. The most common trigger factors were pollen (85%), furry animals (34%), and house dust mites (17%). A multivariate analysis showed that the adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the independent risk factors for allergic rhinitis at 12 were as follows: parental allergic rhinitis (2.32, 1.94-2.77), doctor-diagnosed food allergy in the first year (1.75, 1.21-2.52), eczema in the first year (1.61, 1.31-1.97), and male gender (1.25, 1.06-1.47). Eating fish once a month or more at age of 12 months reduced the risk of allergic rhinitis at 12 years of age (0.70, 0.50-0.98) as did living on a farm with farm animals at 4 years (0.51, 0.32-0.84). Continuous farm living from age 4 to 12 seemed to drive the association. CONCLUSIONS Allergic rhinitis affected > 20% of 12-year-olds, but was lower in children who ate fish at 12 months or grew up on a farm with farm animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Styliana Vasileiadou
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Gothenburg, Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Göran Wennergren
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Gothenburg, Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Frida Strömberg Celind
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Gothenburg, Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Nils Åberg
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Gothenburg, Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Rolf Pettersson
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Gothenburg, Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Bernt Alm
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Gothenburg, Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Emma Goksör
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Gothenburg, Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
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31
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Hoge A, Bernardy F, Donneau AF, Dardenne N, Degée S, Timmermans M, Nisolle M, Guillaume M, Castronovo V. Low omega-3 index values and monounsaturated fatty acid levels in early pregnancy: an analysis of maternal erythrocytes fatty acids. Lipids Health Dis 2018; 17:63. [PMID: 29606136 PMCID: PMC5879610 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-018-0716-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background It is unanimously recognized that the maternal nutritional status at the pregnancy onset influence both short-term and long-term health of the mother and offspring. Among several nutrients, LCPUFA, particularly from the omega-3 family, are of utmost importance. This study was carried out to determine fatty acids profile of maternal erythrocyte membranes in early pregnancy and to identify potential determinants impacting on this status. Methods A cohort of 122 healthy women with a singleton pregnancy was included. Fatty acids were analyzed using gas chromatography. Because of the lack of cutoff values, reference ranges were used to determine fatty acids categories. Results Of concern, our data revealed low monounsaturated and long-chain omega-3 fatty acid status in most participants. More than 75% of Belgian pregnant women exhibited Pal, AO and EPA levels as well as IOM3 values below the laboratory reference ranges. Higher DHA concentrations and IOM3 values were found among foreign-nationality participants, non-smokers and physically active women. With regard to dietary factors, omega-3 supplements and diet seem to be complementary since DHA from supplements (but not from diet) and EPA from diet (but not from supplements) were found to be associated with higher concentrations of DHA and EPA, respectively. Conclusions Our study presents evidence demonstrating that the fatty acid status of most early pregnant women is far from being optimal based on the admitted general reference values. Clinicians should be advice to carefully evaluate and improve this status to guarantee the best possible outcome for both the mother and the baby. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12944-018-0716-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axelle Hoge
- Department of Public Health, University of Liège, Avenue Hippocrate 13 - B23, 4000, Liège, Belgium.
| | - Florence Bernardy
- Department of Public Health, University of Liège, Avenue Hippocrate 13 - B23, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Anne-Françoise Donneau
- Department of Public Health, University of Liège, Avenue Hippocrate 13 - B23, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Nadia Dardenne
- Department of Public Health, University of Liège, Avenue Hippocrate 13 - B23, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Sylvie Degée
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHR Citadelle Hospital, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Marie Timmermans
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHR Citadelle Hospital, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Michelle Nisolle
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHR Citadelle Hospital, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Michèle Guillaume
- Department of Public Health, University of Liège, Avenue Hippocrate 13 - B23, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Vincenzo Castronovo
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, GIGA-CANCER, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
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Hansell AL, Bakolis I, Cowie CT, Belousova EG, Ng K, Weber-Chrysochoou C, Britton WJ, Leeder SR, Tovey ER, Webb KL, Toelle BG, Marks GB. Childhood fish oil supplementation modifies associations between traffic related air pollution and allergic sensitisation. Environ Health 2018; 17:27. [PMID: 29587831 PMCID: PMC5870687 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-018-0370-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies of potential adverse effects of traffic related air pollution (TRAP) on allergic disease have had mixed findings. Nutritional studies to examine whether fish oil supplementation may protect against development of allergic disease through their anti-inflammatory actions have also had mixed findings. Extremely few studies to date have considered whether air pollution and dietary factors such as fish oil intake may interact, which was the rationale for this study. METHODS We conducted a secondary analysis of the Childhood Asthma Prevention Study (CAPS) birth cohort, where children were randomised to fish oil supplementation or placebo from early life to age 5 years. We examined interactions between supplementation and TRAP (using weighted road density at place of residence as our measure of traffic related air pollution exposure) with allergic disease and lung function outcomes at age 5 and 8 years. RESULTS Outcome information was available on approximately 400 children (~ 70% of the original birth cohort). Statistically significant interactions between fish oil supplementation and TRAP were seen for house dust mite (HDM), inhalant and all-allergen skin prick tests (SPTs) and for HDM-specific interleukin-5 response at age 5. Adjusting for relevant confounders, relative risks (RRs) for positive HDM SPT were RR 1.74 (95% CI 1.22-2.48) per 100 m local road or 33.3 m of motorway within 50 m of the home for those randomised to the control group and 1.03 (0.76-1.41) for those randomised to receive the fish oil supplement. The risk differential was highest in an analysis restricted to those who did not change address between ages 5 and 8 years. In this sub-group, supplementation also protected against the effect of traffic exposure on pre-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC ratio. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest that fish oil supplementation may protect against pro-allergic sensitisation effects of TRAP exposure. Strengths of this analysis are that supplementation was randomised and independent of TRAP exposure, however, findings need to be confirmed in a larger experimental study with the interaction investigated as a primary hypothesis, potentially also exploring epigenetic mechanisms. More generally, studies of adverse health effects of air pollution may benefit from considering potential effect modification by diet and other factors. TRIAL REGISTRATION Australia New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry. www.anzctr.org.au Registration: ACTRN12605000042640 , Date: 26th July 2005. Retrospectively registered, trial commenced prior to registry availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna L Hansell
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK.
- Public Health and Primary Care Directorate, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK.
| | - Ioannis Bakolis
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, UK
- Centre for Implementation Science, Health Services and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, UK
| | - Christine T Cowie
- South West Sydney Clinical School, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW, Australia
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Elena G Belousova
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kitty Ng
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Warwick J Britton
- Centenary Institute of Cancer Medicine & Cell Biology, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Stephen R Leeder
- School of Public Health and Menzies Centre for Health Policy, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Euan R Tovey
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Karen L Webb
- School of Public Health and Menzies Centre for Health Policy, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Nutrition Policy Institute, University of California, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Brett G Toelle
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Guy B Marks
- Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW, Australia
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW, Australia
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Verlaet AAJ, Maasakkers CM, Hermans N, Savelkoul HFJ. Rationale for Dietary Antioxidant Treatment of ADHD. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10040405. [PMID: 29587355 PMCID: PMC5946190 DOI: 10.3390/nu10040405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing understanding arises regarding disadvantages of stimulant medication in children with ADHD (Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder). This review presents scientific findings supporting dietary antioxidant treatment of ADHD and describes substantial alterations in the immune system, epigenetic regulation of gene expression, and oxidative stress regulation in ADHD. As a result, chronic inflammation and oxidative stress could develop, which can lead to ADHD symptoms, for example by chronic T-cell-mediated neuroinflammation, as well as by neuronal oxidative damage and loss of normal cerebral functions. Therefore, modulation of immune system activity and oxidant-antioxidant balance using nutritional approaches might have potential in ADHD treatment. The use of natural antioxidants against oxidative conditions is an emerging field in the management of neurodegenerative diseases. Dietary polyphenols, for example, have antioxidant capacities as well as immunoregulatory effects and, therefore, appear appropriate in ADHD therapy. This review can stimulate the development and investigation of dietary antioxidant treatment in ADHD, which is highly desired.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annelies A J Verlaet
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Food Science, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1 (A104), 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.
| | - Carlijn M Maasakkers
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Food Science, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1 (A104), 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
- Cell Biology and Immunology Group, Wageningen University, De Elst 1 Building 122, 6709 PG Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Nina Hermans
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Food Science, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1 (A104), 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.
| | - Huub F J Savelkoul
- Cell Biology and Immunology Group, Wageningen University, De Elst 1 Building 122, 6709 PG Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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Respiratory Health Symptoms among Schoolchildren in Relation to Possible Food-Related Risk and Protective Factors. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018. [PMID: 29533971 PMCID: PMC5877047 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15030502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Respiratory health outcomes are among the top five causes of child morbidity and mortality around the world. We aimed to investigate possible food-related risk and protective factors for respiratory health outcomes in children. Structured questionnaires completed by primary caregivers of 10-year old children were used to collect information on demographics, socio-economic status, house characteristics and child respiratory health status. Upper (URIs) and Lower (LRIs) respiratory illnesses comprised hay fever, and wheezing, asthma and bronchitis, respectively. Eight hundred questionnaires were distributed, 648 retrieved and 420 completed in full (52.5% response rate). The hay fever 6-month prevalence was 22.4% and wheezing had the highest 6-month prevalence among the LRIs (13.8%). The majority of children ate vegetables (75.5%), fruit (69.3%) and chicken or fish (81.7%) regularly. Nearly half of the children (45.5%) regularly ate processed food. Eating processed food regularly was statistical significantly associated with wheeze (Adjusted Odds Ratio (OR) = 2.65; 95% CI: 1.38–5.08), hay fever (OR = 1.62; 95% CI: 1.09–2.64) and bronchitis (OR = 1.27; 95% CI: 1.06–2.56). The study found an association between regular consumption of processed foods and wheeze, hay fever and bronchitis among 10 year old children. The regular consumption of processed food plays a role in adverse respiratory health effects among children and healthy eating is emphasized.
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Mejrhit N, Azdad O, El Kabbaoui M, Chda A, Tazi A, Bencheikh R, Aarab L. Fish consumption associated with reduction of fish allergy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1108/nfs-04-2017-0062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to examine the differences in the self-reported allergies to food, especially fish and shellfish, between children and adults, and to study the association between fish consumption and self-reported fish and shellfish allergy (FSA) according to age.
Design/methodology/approach
This study is based on a survey conducted between April 2014 and December 2016 where children and adults were recruited from the general population of the Fez-Meknes region. The total studied population was 4,046 people.
Findings
The results show that the self-reported food allergy (FA) of the general population was more frequent among children (28.2 per cent) than adults (16.8 per cent), in which eggs, fish/shellfish, milk and cereals were the most common food cited. With regard to the self-reported FSA, the authors found a prevalence of 9.5 per cent in both children and adults, whereas fish species allergies were more frequent among adults than children. The most common clinical manifestations observed in this population were cutaneous reactions. The study of the association between fish consumption and FSA shows that people who consumed fish had a lower rate of FSA, especially in adults (p < 0.001).
Originality/value
The self-reported FA of the general population was more pronounced in children than adults. Regarding the self-reported FSA, the authors have shown a prevalence of 9.5 per cent in both children and adults, indicating an important sensitivity of their population to fish and shellfish. The authors have shown that consumption of fish was associated significantly with a lower rate of FSA, especially in adults.
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Logan CA, Genuneit J. Commentary: Association of Breast Milk Fatty Acids With Allergic Disease Outcomes-A Systematic Review. Front Pediatr 2018; 6:94. [PMID: 29686980 PMCID: PMC5900045 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2018.00094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Chad A Logan
- Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Jon Genuneit
- Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.,'In-FLAME' the International Inflammation Network, World Universities Network (WUN), Ulm, Germany
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Villamil SI, Huerlimann R, Morianos C, Sarnyai Z, Maes GE. Adverse effect of early-life high-fat/high-carbohydrate ("Western") diet on bacterial community in the distal bowel of mice. Nutr Res 2017. [PMID: 29540269 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2017.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Obesity and other lifestyle diseases in modern society can be related to historical dietary changes from diets balanced in omega-6 and omega-3 to the unbalanced "Western-type" diet. It is recognized that diet influences the murine and human gut microbiome, and most research indicates that microbial diversity and composition are altered by high-fat diets (HFDs). However, good knowledge about the effects of early exposure to HFD on the maturation and structure of the bacterial community is limited. Using mice as model, we hypothesized that an HFD alters the early dynamic of the gut bacterial community toward an unstable/unhealthy state. By sequencing the V3 and V4 regions of the 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid gene, we investigated the bacterial community in fecal samples of mice fed a control diet and an HFD at weaning (sampling time 1) and after 8 weeks of dietary intervention (11weeks of age; sampling time 2). Natural temporal microbiome maturation was evidenced by a general increase in microbial diversity and shifts in microbial community between sampling times 1 and 2 toward a mature community. However, the HFD led to significant structural segregation of the microbiome compared with controls; the HFD diet repressed health-enhancing bacteria (eg, Bifidobacterium and Akkermansia) and promoted health-detracting bacteria (ie, those associated with gut disorders, eg, Dorea). We suggest that early-life consumption of HFD negatively impacts the natural gut bacterial community maturation leading toward a potentially persistent unhealthy stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Infante Villamil
- College of Sciences and Engineering, Comparative Genomics Centre, James Cook University, Townsville, 4811, Queensland, Australia
| | - Roger Huerlimann
- College of Sciences and Engineering, Comparative Genomics Centre, James Cook University, Townsville, 4811, Queensland, Australia
| | - Christina Morianos
- Laboratory of Psychiatric Neuroscience, and Comparative Genomics Centre, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine; College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Zoltan Sarnyai
- Laboratory of Psychiatric Neuroscience, and Comparative Genomics Centre, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine; College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Gregory E Maes
- College of Sciences and Engineering, Comparative Genomics Centre, James Cook University, Townsville, 4811, Queensland, Australia; Laboratory of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Genomics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.; Center for Human Genetics, UZ Leuven-Genomics Core, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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Čelakovská J, Bukač J, Ettler K, Vaneckova J, Krcmova I, Ettlerova K. Sensitisation to fungi in atopic dermatitis patients over 14 years of age and the relation to the occurrence of food hypersensitivity reactions. Mycoses 2017; 61:88-95. [PMID: 28940850 DOI: 10.1111/myc.12707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate if there is some relation between the sensitisation to fungi and the occurrence of food hypersensitivity reactions in atopic dermatitis patients aged 14 years and older. Complete dermatological and allergological examination was performed in all included patients; the occurrence of food hypersensitivity reactions was recorded and the sensitisation to mixture of fungi was examined (skin prick test, specific IgE). The statistical evaluation of the relation between the sensitisation to fungi and the occurrence of food hypersensitivity reactions was performed; 331 patients were included in the study, 110 men and 221 women, the average age was 26.8 years. The sensitisation to fungi was recorded in 100 patients (30%), the occurrence of food hypersensitivity reactions was recorded in 261 patients (79%). We confirmed that patients suffering from sensitisation to fungi suffer significantly more often from food hypersensitivity reactions to nuts (walnuts, peanuts) and sea fish; no significant relation was confirmed between the sensitisation to fungi and the occurrence of food hypersensitivity reactions to tomatoes, kiwi, apples, spices, oranges, capsicum, celery and carrot.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Čelakovská
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty Hospital and Medical Faculty of Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - J Bukač
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Medical Faculty of Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - K Ettler
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty Hospital and Medical Faculty of Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - J Vaneckova
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty Hospital and Medical Faculty of Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - I Krcmova
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Faculty Hospital and Medical Faculty of Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - K Ettlerova
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Outpatient Clinic, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
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Production of ω3 fatty acids in marine cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. strain NKBG 15041c via genetic engineering. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 101:6899-6905. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8407-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/25/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Can Early Omega-3 Fatty Acid Exposure Reduce Risk of Childhood Allergic Disease? Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9070784. [PMID: 28754005 PMCID: PMC5537898 DOI: 10.3390/nu9070784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A causal link between increased intake of omega-6 (n-6) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and increased incidence of allergic disease has been suggested. This is supported by biologically plausible mechanisms, related to the roles of eicosanoid mediators produced from the n-6 PUFA arachidonic acid. Fish and fish oils are sources of long chain omega-3 (n-3) PUFAs. These fatty acids act to oppose the actions of n-6 PUFAs particularly with regard to eicosanoid synthesis. Thus, n-3 PUFAs may protect against allergic sensitisation and allergic manifestations. Epidemiological studies investigating the association between maternal fish intake during pregnancy and allergic outcomes in infants/children of those pregnancies suggest protective associations, but the findings are inconsistent. Fish oil provision to pregnant women is associated with immunologic changes in cord blood. Studies performed to date indicate that provision of fish oil during pregnancy may reduce sensitisation to common food allergens and reduce prevalence and severity of atopic eczema in the first year of life, with a possible persistence until adolescence. A recent study reported that fish oil consumption in pregnancy reduces persistent wheeze and asthma in the offspring at ages 3 to 5 years. Eating oily fish or fish oil supplementation in pregnancy may be a strategy to prevent infant and childhood allergic disease.
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Recto MST, Genuino MLG, Castor MAR, Casis-Hao RJ, Tamondong-Lachica DR, Sales MIV, Tan MG, Mondonedo KS, Dionisio-Capulong RC. Dietary primary prevention of allergic diseases in children: the Philippine guidelines. Asia Pac Allergy 2017; 7:102-114. [PMID: 28487842 PMCID: PMC5410409 DOI: 10.5415/apallergy.2017.7.2.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Allergic diseases, such as asthma, allergic rhinitis, eczema, and food allergy, are preventable diseases. Primary prevention strategies of allergic diseases have been in scrutiny. Effective prevention strategies maybe started prenatally, postnatally, during infancy, and even during childhood. These guidelines have been prepared by the Philippine Society of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology and the Philippine Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition. They aim to provide evidence-based recommendations for the dietary primary prevention of allergic diseases in children. The primary audience of these guidelines is all healthcare practitioners who manage patients with potential allergic conditions. These guidelines are based on an exhaustive review of evidences, mostly systematic reviews, randomized controlled trials, and cohort studies. However, there are still many gaps in the evidence of dietary primary prevention of allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marysia Stella T Recto
- Section of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines, Manila 1000, the Philippines
| | - Maria Lourdes G Genuino
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines, Manila 1000, the Philippines
| | - Mary Anne R Castor
- Section of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines, Manila 1000, the Philippines
| | - Roxanne J Casis-Hao
- Section of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines, Manila 1000, the Philippines
| | - Diana R Tamondong-Lachica
- Section of Adult Medicine, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines, Manila 1000, the Philippines
| | | | - Marilou G Tan
- Section of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Philippine Children's Medical Center, Quezon City 1101, the Philippines
| | - Karen S Mondonedo
- Dagupan Doctors Villaflor Memorial Hospital, Dagupan City 2400, the Philippines
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Tanjung C, Rzehak P, Mansyur M, Munasir Z, Sudoyo H, Immanuel S, Irawan R, Reischl E, Demmelmair H, Koletzko B, Hadinegoro SR, Sjarif DR. Study protocol to investigate the environmental and genetic aetiology of atopic dermatitis: the Indonesian Prospective Study of Atopic Dermatitis in Infants (ISADI). BMJ Open 2017; 7:e012475. [PMID: 28259851 PMCID: PMC5353254 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-012475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Revised: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most common skin disorder in young children worldwide, with a high impact on morbidity and quality of life. To date, no prospective study has been published on the incidence and potential predictors of AD in South East Asian populations. The Indonesian Prospective Study of Atopic Dermatitis in Infants (ISADI) will address the genetic, metabolic and dietary characteristics of mothers and their offspring, as well as potential determinants of AD within the first year of infant life. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This prospective study will be undertaken in about 400 infants to investigate the direct and indirect effects of filaggrin (FLG) gene mutations, the genetic variants of FADS1, FADS2 and FADS3 and the role of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) on the development of AD. We will use standardised protocols for subject recruitment, umbilical artery plasma analysis, buccal cell sampling for genotyping, fatty acid analysis, physical exams, 3-day food-intake recall of mothers and children, as well as comprehensive questionnaires on environmental, socioeconomic and AD-related factors, including family history. Monthly monitoring by telephone and physical exams every 3 months will be carried out to assess participants' anthropometry, medical history and incidence of AD diagnosis during the first year of life. Hypotheses-driven analyses of quality-controlled dietary, genetic and metabolic data will be performed with state-of-the-art statistical methods (eg, AD-event history, haplotype, dietary or metabolic factor analysis). Direct and indirect effects of genetics and LCPUFA in buccal cell and cord plasma glycerophospholipids as potential mediators of inflammation on AD development will be evaluated by path analysis. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The Permanent Medical Research Ethics Committee in Medicine and Health/Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia/Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital (No. 47/H2.F1/ETIK/2014) approved the study protocol (extended by the letter no. 148/UN2.F1/ETIK/2015). We aim to disseminate our findings via publication in an international journal with high impact factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conny Tanjung
- Postgraduate Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia,Jakarta, Indonesia
- Pantai Indah Kapuk Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Peter Rzehak
- Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Dr von Hauner Children's Hospital, University of Munich Medical Centre, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Zakiudin Munasir
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine,Universitas Indonesia, Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo National Referral Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Herawati Sudoyo
- Faculty of Medicine, Sydney University, Sydney,Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Suzanna Immanuel
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo National Referral Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Roedi Irawan
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Dr Sutomo General Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Eva Reischl
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Munich, Germany
| | - Hans Demmelmair
- Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Dr von Hauner Children's Hospital, University of Munich Medical Centre, Munich, Germany
| | - Berthold Koletzko
- Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Dr von Hauner Children's Hospital, University of Munich Medical Centre, Munich, Germany
| | - Sri Rezeki Hadinegoro
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine,Universitas Indonesia, Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo National Referral Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Damayanti Rusli Sjarif
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine,Universitas Indonesia, Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo National Referral Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
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Pali-Schöll I, Namazy J, Jensen-Jarolim E. Allergic diseases and asthma in pregnancy, a secondary publication. World Allergy Organ J 2017; 10:10. [PMID: 28286601 PMCID: PMC5333384 DOI: 10.1186/s40413-017-0141-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Every fifth pregnant woman is affected by allergies, especially rhinitis and asthma. Allergic symptoms existing before pregnancy may be either attenuated, or equally often promoted through pregnancy. Optimal allergy and asthma diagnosis and management during pregnancy is vital to ensure the welfare of mother and baby. For allergy diagnosis in pregnancy, preferentially anamnestic investigation as well as in vitro testing should be applied, whereas skin testing or provocation tests should be postponed until after birth. Pregnant women with confirmed allergy should avoid exposure to, or consumption of the offending allergen. Allergen immunotherapy should not be initiated during pregnancy. In patients on immunotherapy since before pregnancy, maintenance treatment may be continued, but the allergen dose should not be increased further. Applicable medications for asthma, rhinitis or skin symptoms in pregnancy are discussed and listed. In conclusion, i) allergies in pregnancy should preferentially be diagnosed in vitro; ii) AIT may be continued, but not started, and symptomatic medications must be carefully selected; iii) management of asthma and allergic diseases is important during pregnancy for welfare of mother and child.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Pali-Schöll
- Comparative Medicine, The Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute of the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University Vienna and University Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Immunology, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jennifer Namazy
- Scripps Clinic, 7565 Mission Valley Rd Ste 200, San Diego, CA 92108 USA
| | - Erika Jensen-Jarolim
- Comparative Medicine, The Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute of the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University Vienna and University Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Immunology, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- AllergyCare, Allergy Diagnosis and Study Center Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Zhang GQ, Liu B, Li J, Luo CQ, Zhang Q, Chen JL, Sinha A, Li ZY. Fish intake during pregnancy or infancy and allergic outcomes in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2017; 28:152-161. [PMID: 27590571 DOI: 10.1111/pai.12648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
It has been suggested that n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LC-PUFAs) have anti-inflammatory properties and may reduce the risk of allergic disease. Fish is a great source of n-3 LC-PUFAs. However, the effect of fish on allergic disease remains controversial. PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and prospective cohort studies regarding the effect of fish intake during pregnancy or infancy on allergic outcomes in children. The outcomes of interest were atopy, eczema, allergic rhinitis, wheeze, asthma, and food allergy. One RCT and 17 publications from 13 prospective cohort studies were included for maternal fish intake during pregnancy, and eight publications from five prospective cohort studies for fish intake in infancy. Pooled analysis suggested that maternal fish intake during pregnancy was not associated with lower risk of any allergic outcome, both in RCT and observational studies. Consumption of fish during the first year of life reduced the risk of eczema (RR 0.61; 95% CI 0.47, 0.80; p = 0.0003; I2 = 68%) and allergic rhinitis (RR 0.54; 95% CI 0.36, 0.81; p = 0.003; I2 = 74%). Current evidence indicates that fish intake in infancy could reduce the risk of eczema and allergic rhinitis in children, whereas maternal fish intake during pregnancy does not affect any atopic outcome. The intake of fish per se in infancy, not specially n-3 LC-PUFAs, may have an allergy protective effect. High-quality and adequately powered RCTs are warranted to confirm this.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Qiang Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Chongqing International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Chongqing International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jun Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Chongqing International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chun-Qi Luo
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Chongqing International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiao Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Chongqing International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jin-Liang Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Anju Sinha
- Division of Reproductive and Child Health, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Zhong-Yue Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Chongqing International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Juber BA, Jackson KH, Johnson KB, Harris WS, Baack ML. Breast milk DHA levels may increase after informing women: a community-based cohort study from South Dakota USA. Int Breastfeed J 2017; 12:7. [PMID: 28149321 PMCID: PMC5273852 DOI: 10.1186/s13006-016-0099-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), an omega-3 fatty acid found in breast milk, has many health benefits for both mother and baby. A 2007 meta-analysis found U.S. women had breast milk DHA levels (0.20% of total fatty acids) below the worldwide mean (0.32%). In 2008, international dietary recommendations were made for pregnant and lactating women to consume 200 mg of DHA per day. This community-based study aimed to define current milk DHA levels from upper Midwest USA lactating mothers and to determine if providing information about their own level along with dietary recommendations would incite changes to increase breast milk DHA content. METHODS New mothers attending lactation classes or using hospital pumping rooms in Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA participated by providing one drop of breast milk on a card for fatty acid analysis at baseline and 1 month after initial reporting. DHA levels were analyzed by gas chromatography. Mothers received a report of their own breast milk level along with dietary recommendations on DHA intake for lactating women. Median baseline and follow-up DHA levels were determined and differences were compared by Wilcoxon signed-rank test. RESULTS At baseline, breast milk DHA content (n = 84) was highly variable (range 0.05 to 0.73%) with a median of 0.18% (IQR, 0.13, 0.28; mean ± SD, 0.22 ± 0.13%), well below the worldwide average (0.32%). Women who reported taking DHA supplements (n = 43) had higher levels than those who did not (0.23% vs. 0.15%, P < 0.0001). In a subset of 60 mothers who submitted a second sample, median breast milk DHA content increased from 0.19 to 0.22% (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that providing nursing mothers with their breast milk DHA level and education about DHA intake while breastfeeding motivates change to increase DHA levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian A Juber
- Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, 1400 W. 22nd St., Sioux Falls, SD 57105 USA
| | | | - Kristopher B Johnson
- Sanford Research, Children's Health Research Center, 2301 E. 60th Street North, Sioux Falls, SD 57104 USA
| | - William S Harris
- OmegaQuant Analytics, LLC, 5009 W. 12th St, Ste 8, Sioux Falls, SD 57106 USA.,Sanford Research, Children's Health Research Center, 2301 E. 60th Street North, Sioux Falls, SD 57104 USA
| | - Michelle L Baack
- Sanford Research, Children's Health Research Center, 2301 E. 60th Street North, Sioux Falls, SD 57104 USA.,Boekelheide Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Sanford Children's Hospital, 1600 W. 22nd St., PO Box 5039, Sioux Falls, SD USA
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Reese I, Werfel T. Do long-chain omega-3 fatty acids protect from atopic dermatitis? J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2016; 13:879-85. [PMID: 26882378 DOI: 10.1111/ddg.12780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids are essential for human nutrition. The number of double bonds determines whether a given fatty acid is termed two, three, or x times unsaturated. Depending on the distance of the first double bond from the fatty acid's methyl group, one distinguishes omega-3 fatty acids from omega-6 fatty acids. While the use of gamma linolenic acid, a long-chain fatty acid of the omega-6 family, has proven unsuccessful in the prevention or treatment of atopic dermatitis, supplementation of long-chain omega-3 fatty acids may represent a promising approach in the prevention of allergic disorders, especially atopic dermatitis. Whether the concept of long-chain omega-3 fatty acid administration will also become established in a therapeutic setting, depends on whether the beneficial effects observed so far can be substantiated in randomized controlled intervention studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imke Reese
- Nutrition Counseling and Therapy with Special Focus on Allergology, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Werfel
- Division of Immunodermatology and Experimental Allergology, Department of Dermatology, Allergology, and Venereology, Medical University Hanover, Hanover, Germany
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Schindler T, Sinn JKH, Osborn DA. Polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation in infancy for the prevention of allergy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2016; 10:CD010112. [PMID: 27788565 PMCID: PMC6464137 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd010112.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early dietary intakes may influence the development of allergic disease. It is important to determine if dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) given as supplements or added to infant formula prevent the development of allergy. OBJECTIVES To determine the effect of higher PUFA intake during infancy to prevent allergic disease. SEARCH METHODS We used the standard search strategy of the Cochrane Neonatal Review group to search the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL 2015, Issue 9), MEDLINE (1966 to 14 September 2015), EMBASE (1980 to 14 September 2015) and CINAHL (1982 to 14 September 2015). We also searched clinical trials databases, conference proceedings, and the reference lists of retrieved articles for randomised controlled trials and quasi-randomised trials. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomised and quasi-randomised controlled trials that compared the use of a PUFA with no PUFA in infants for the prevention of allergy. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two review authors independently selected trials, assessed trial quality and extracted data from the included studies. We used fixed-effect analyses. The treatment effects were expressed as risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). We used the GRADE approach to assess the quality of evidence. MAIN RESULTS The search found 17 studies that assessed the effect of higher versus lower intake of PUFAs on allergic outcomes in infants. Only nine studies enrolling 2704 infants reported allergy outcomes that could be used in meta-analyses. Of these, there were methodological concerns for eight.In infants up to two years of age, meta-analyses found no difference in incidence of all allergy (1 study, 323 infants; RR 0.96, 95% CI 0.73 to 1.26; risk difference (RD) -0.02, 95% CI -0.12 to 0.09; heterogeneity not applicable), asthma (3 studies, 1162 infants; RR 1.04, 95% CI 0.80 to 1.35, I2 = 0%; RD 0.01, 95% CI -0.04 to 0.05, I2 = 0%), dermatitis/eczema (7 studies, 1906 infants; RR 0.93, 95% CI 0.82 to 1.06, I2 = 0%; RD -0.02, 95% CI -0.06 to 0.02, I2 = 0%) or food allergy (3 studies, 915 infants; RR 0.81, 95% CI 0.56 to 1.19, I2 = 63%; RD -0.02, 95% CI -0.06 to 0.02, I2 = 74%). There was a reduction in allergic rhinitis (2 studies, 594 infants; RR 0.47, 95% CI 0.23 to 0.96, I2 = 6%; RD -0.04, 95% CI -0.08 to -0.00, I2 = 54%; number needed to treat for an additional beneficial outcome (NNTB) 25, 95% CI 13 to ∞).In children aged two to five years, meta-analysis found no difference in incidence of all allergic disease (2 studies, 154 infants; RR 0.69, 95% CI 0.47 to 1.02, I2 = 43%; RD -0.16, 95% CI -0.31 to -0.00, I2 = 63%; NNTB 6, 95% CI 3 to ∞), asthma (1 study, 89 infants; RR 0.45, 95% CI 0.20 to 1.02; RD -0.20, 95% CI -0.37 to -0.02; heterogeneity not applicable; NNTB 5, 95% CI 3 to 50), dermatitis/eczema (2 studies, 154 infants; RR 0.65, 95% CI 0.34 to 1.24, I2 = 0%; RD -0.09 95% CI -0.22 to 0.04, I2 = 24%) or food allergy (1 study, 65 infants; RR 2.27, 95% CI 0.25 to 20.68; RD 0.05, 95% CI -0.07 to 0.16; heterogeneity not applicable).In children aged two to five years, meta-analysis found no difference in prevalence of all allergic disease (2 studies, 633 infants; RR 0.98, 95% CI 0.81 to 1.19, I2 = 36%; RD -0.01, 95% CI -0.08 to 0.07, I2 = 0%), asthma (2 studies, 635 infants; RR 1.12, 95% CI 0.82 to 1.53, I2 = 0%; RD 0.02, 95% CI -0.04 to 0.09, I2 = 0%), dermatitis/eczema (2 studies, 635 infants; RR 0.81, 95% CI 0.59 to 1.09, I2 = 0%; RD -0.04 95% CI -0.11 to 0.02, I2 = 0%), allergic rhinitis (2 studies, 635 infants; RR 1.02, 95% CI 0.83 to 1.25, I2 = 0%; RD 0.01, 95% CI -0.06 to 0.08, I2 = 0%) or food allergy (1 study, 119 infants; RR 0.27, 95% CI 0.06 to 1.19; RD -0.10, 95% CI -0.20 to -0.00; heterogeneity not applicable; NNTB 10, 95% CI 5 to ∞). AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS There is no evidence that PUFA supplementation in infancy has an effect on infant or childhood allergy, asthma, dermatitis/eczema or food allergy. However, the quality of evidence was very low. There was insufficient evidence to determine an effect on allergic rhinitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Schindler
- Royal Hospital for WomenDepartment of Newborn CareBarker StreetRandwickNSWAustralia2031
| | - John KH Sinn
- Royal North Shore Hospital, The University of SydneyDepartment of NeonatologySt. Leonard'sSydneyNew South WalesAustralia2065
| | - David A Osborn
- University of SydneyCentral Clinical School, Discipline of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and NeonatologySydneyNSWAustralia2050
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Rosenlund H, Fagerstedt S, Alm J, Mie A. Breastmilk fatty acids in relation to sensitization - the ALADDIN birth cohort. Allergy 2016; 71:1444-52. [PMID: 27043329 DOI: 10.1111/all.12896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breastmilk fatty acids (FAs) have been associated with childhood allergic disease. Children of families with an anthroposophic lifestyle have a low prevalence of sensitization compared to reference groups. This study aimed to investigate whether the lower prevalence of sensitization among these children can be explained by the differences in breastmilk FA composition. METHODS The prospective birth cohort ALADDIN included 330 children from anthroposophic, partly anthroposophic and nonanthroposophic families recruited between 2004 and 2007 in Sweden. In total, 245 breastmilk samples, collected at 2 months of age, were analysed for FA composition. Allergen-specific IgE levels against seven common allergens were measured in the blood samples at the ages of 6, 12 and 24 months. Data were analysed longitudinally using generalized estimating equations. RESULTS An inverse association was observed between total concentration of omega-3 PUFA in breastmilk and sensitization in the child up to 24 months of age (highest vs lowest quartile, RRadj 0. 49, 95% CI 0.23-1.05, P for trend 0.024). No associations were observed between omega-6 PUFAs or ruminant FAs and sensitization. Overall, we observed 56% lower risks of sensitization among the anthroposophic group compared to the nonanthroposophic group (RRadj 0.44, 95% CI 0.21-0.90). This association remained largely unchanged when breastmilk omega-3 PUFA was included in the model. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that a higher concentration of omega-3 PUFAs in breastmilk may be associated with a reduced risk of sensitization up to 24 months of age; however, this did not explain the lower risk of sensitization among children of anthroposophic families.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Rosenlund
- Department of Clinical Science and Education; Karolinska Institutet; Södersjukhuset; Stockholm Sweden
- Division of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics; Department of Orthopedics; Danderyd Hospital; Stockholm Sweden
| | - S. Fagerstedt
- Department of Clinical Science and Education; Karolinska Institutet; Södersjukhuset; Stockholm Sweden
| | - J. Alm
- Department of Clinical Science and Education; Karolinska Institutet; Södersjukhuset; Stockholm Sweden
- Sachs' Children and Youth Hospital; Södersjukhuset; Stockholm Sweden
| | - A. Mie
- Department of Clinical Science and Education; Karolinska Institutet; Södersjukhuset; Stockholm Sweden
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