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McCaleb MR, Miranda AM, Khammash HA, Torres RM, Pelanda R. Regulation of Foxo1 expression is critical for central B cell tolerance and allelic exclusion. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114283. [PMID: 38796853 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Resolving the molecular mechanisms of central B cell tolerance might unveil strategies that prevent autoimmunity. Here, using a mouse model of central B cell tolerance in which Forkhead box protein O1 (Foxo1) is either deleted or over-expressed in B cells, we show that deleting Foxo1 blocks receptor editing, curtails clonal deletion, and decreases CXCR4 expression, allowing high-avidity autoreactive B cells to emigrate to the periphery whereby they mature but remain anergic and short lived. Conversely, expression of degradation-resistant Foxo1 promotes receptor editing in the absence of self-antigen but leads to allelic inclusion. Foxo1 over-expression also restores tolerance in autoreactive B cells harboring active PI3K, revealing opposing roles of Foxo1 and PI3K in B cell selection. Overall, we show that the transcription factor Foxo1 is a major gatekeeper of central B cell tolerance and that PI3K drives positive selection of immature B cells and establishes allelic exclusion by suppressing Foxo1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan R McCaleb
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Anjelica M Miranda
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Hadeel A Khammash
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Raul M Torres
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Roberta Pelanda
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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Kim SY, Son MK, Park JH, Na HS, Chung J. The Anti-Inflammatory Effect of SDF-1 Derived Peptide on Porphyromonas gingivalis Infection via Regulation of NLRP3 and AIM2 Inflammasome. Pathogens 2024; 13:474. [PMID: 38921772 PMCID: PMC11207117 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13060474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Peptides are appealing as pharmacological materials because they are easily produced, safe, and tolerable. Despite increasing gum-care awareness, periodontitis is still prevalent and is influenced by factors like high sugar consumption, smoking, and aging. Porphyromonas gingivalis is considered a major etiologic agent of periodontitis and activates the NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) but is absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) inflammasomes, resulting in pro-inflammatory cytokine release. (2) Methods: We examined the anti-inflammatory effects of 18 peptides derived from human stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) on THP-1 macrophages. Inflammation was induced by P. gingivalis, and the anti-inflammatory effects were analyzed using molecular biological techniques. In a mouse periodontitis model, alveolar bone resorption was assessed using micro-CT. (3) Results: Of the 18 SDF-1-derived peptides, S10 notably reduced IL-1β and TNF-α secretion. S10 also diminished the P. gingivalis-induced expression of NLRP3, AIM2, ASC (apoptosis-associated speck-like protein), caspase-1, and IL-1β. Furthermore, S10 attenuated the enhanced TLR (toll-like receptor) signaling pathway and decreased the phosphorylation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). In addition, S10 mitigated alveolar bone loss in our P. gingivalis-induced mouse model of periodontitis. (4) Conclusions: S10 suppressed TLR/NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammasome signaling and the AIM2 inflammasome in our P. gingivalis-induced murine periodontitis model, which suggests that it has potential use as a therapeutic treatment for periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Yeong Kim
- Department of Oral Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea; (S.Y.K.); (M.K.S.); (J.H.P.); (H.S.N.)
- Oral Genomics Research Center, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Kee Son
- Department of Oral Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea; (S.Y.K.); (M.K.S.); (J.H.P.); (H.S.N.)
| | - Jung Hwa Park
- Department of Oral Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea; (S.Y.K.); (M.K.S.); (J.H.P.); (H.S.N.)
- Oral Genomics Research Center, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Sam Na
- Department of Oral Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea; (S.Y.K.); (M.K.S.); (J.H.P.); (H.S.N.)
- Oral Genomics Research Center, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
- BK21 PLUS Project, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Chung
- Department of Oral Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea; (S.Y.K.); (M.K.S.); (J.H.P.); (H.S.N.)
- Oral Genomics Research Center, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
- BK21 PLUS Project, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
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3
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Roy S, Sinha S, Silas AJ, Ghassemian M, Kufareva I, Ghosh P. Growth factor-dependent phosphorylation of Gα i shapes canonical signaling by G protein-coupled receptors. Sci Signal 2024; 17:eade8041. [PMID: 38833528 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.ade8041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
A long-standing question in the field of signal transduction is how distinct signaling pathways interact with each other to control cell behavior. Growth factor receptors and G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the two major signaling hubs in eukaryotes. Given that the mechanisms by which they signal independently have been extensively characterized, we investigated how they may cross-talk with each other. Using linear ion trap mass spectrometry and cell-based biophysical, biochemical, and phenotypic assays, we found at least three distinct ways in which epidermal growth factor affected canonical G protein signaling by the Gi-coupled GPCR CXCR4 through the phosphorylation of Gαi. Phosphomimicking mutations in two residues in the αE helix of Gαi (tyrosine-154/tyrosine-155) suppressed agonist-induced Gαi activation while promoting constitutive Gβγ signaling. Phosphomimicking mutations in the P loop (serine-44, serine-47, and threonine-48) suppressed Gi activation entirely, thus completely segregating growth factor and GPCR pathways. As expected, most of the phosphorylation events appeared to affect intrinsic properties of Gαi proteins, including conformational stability, nucleotide binding, and the ability to associate with and to release Gβγ. However, one phosphomimicking mutation, targeting the carboxyl-terminal residue tyrosine-320, promoted mislocalization of Gαi from the plasma membrane, a previously uncharacterized mechanism of suppressing GPCR signaling through G protein subcellular compartmentalization. Together, these findings elucidate not only how growth factor and chemokine signals cross-talk through the phosphorylation-dependent modulation of Gαi but also how such cross-talk may generate signal diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suchismita Roy
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Saptarshi Sinha
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Ananta James Silas
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Majid Ghassemian
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Biomolecular and Proteomics Mass Spectrometry Facility, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Irina Kufareva
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Pradipta Ghosh
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
- Moores Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
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4
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Basson C, Phiri AE, Gandhi M, Anguelov R, Serem JC, Bipath P, Hlophe YN. In vitro effects and mathematical modelling of CTCE-9908 (a chemokine receptor 4 antagonist) on melanoma cell survival. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2024; 51:e13865. [PMID: 38692577 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
CTCE-9908, a CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) antagonist, prevents CXCR4 phosphorylation and inhibits the interaction with chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12) and downstream signalling pathways associated with metastasis. This study evaluated the in vitro effects of CTCE-9908 on B16 F10 melanoma cells with the use of mathematical modelling. Crystal violet staining was used to construct a mathematical model of CTCE-9908 B16 F10 (melanoma) and RAW 264.7 (non-cancerous macrophage) cell lines on cell viability to predict the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50). Morphological changes were assessed using transmission electron microscopy. Flow cytometry was used to assess changes in cell cycle distribution, apoptosis via caspase-3, cell survival via extracellular signal-regulated kinase1/2 activation, CXCR4 activation and CXCL12 expression. Mathematical modelling predicted IC50 values from 0 to 100 h. At IC50, similar cytotoxicity between the two cell lines and ultrastructural morphological changes indicative of cell death were observed. At a concentration 10 times lower than IC50, CTCE-9908 induced inhibition of cell survival (p = 0.0133) in B16 F10 cells but did not affect caspase-3 or cell cycle distribution in either cell line. This study predicts CTCE-9908 IC50 values at various time points using mathematical modelling, revealing cytotoxicity in melanoma and non-cancerous cells. CTCE-9908 significantly inhibited melanoma cell survival at a concentration 10 times lower than the IC50 in B16 F10 cells but not RAW 264.7 cells. However, CTCE-9908 did not affect CXCR4 phosphorylation, apoptosis,\ or cell cycle distribution in either cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlise Basson
- Department of Physiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Avulundiah Edwin Phiri
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Manjunath Gandhi
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Roumen Anguelov
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | | | - Priyesh Bipath
- Department of Physiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
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5
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Williams KS, Seawell JA, Zhuravleva V, Pierre K, Meeker RB. Cooperative interactions between neurotrophin receptors and CXCR4 regulate macrophage phenotype and susceptibility to activation by HIV. J Neurovirol 2024:10.1007/s13365-024-01211-0. [PMID: 38822196 DOI: 10.1007/s13365-024-01211-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Neural damage due to inflammatory activation of macrophages and microglia is a consequence of HIV infection that leads to cognitive dysfunction. The damage is due, in part, to the release of factors that impair neuronal function but the mechanisms that control their release are poorly understood. Previous studies have shown that mature nerve growth factor (NGF) binding to tropomyosin receptor kinase A (TrkA), and proNGF acting through the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) differentially control the phenotype of macrophages in response to HIV. However, the mechanisms responsible for these actions are unclear. The current studies demonstrated that in human monocyte-derived macrophages, CCR5 tropic HIV virions interact with the CXCR4 receptor to promote a neurotoxic macrophage phenotype. TrkA cooperatively interacted with CXCR4 to promote quick and dynamic changes in CXCR4 phosphorylation and more stable downstream actin remodeling in the form of membrane ruffles. TrkA signaling also promoted increased moacrophage calcium spiking, and low neurotoxic activity. Disruption of these interactions by HIV led to an alternative podosome-bearing phenotype with minimal calcium signaling and enhanced toxicity. Neurotrophin receptors provide an independent yet cooperative pathway for modifying the actin cytoskeleton in response to chemokines and subsequent degenerative activity. The strong opposing effects of mature and proneurotrophins may provide the opportunity to develop novel therapies that regulate the phenotype of macrophages in the context of HIV infection and perhaps other degenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly S Williams
- Environmental and Health Sciences Program, Spelman College, 30314, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Jaimie A Seawell
- Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina, 27599, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- School of Medicine, Now at University of South Carolina, 29203, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Viktoriya Zhuravleva
- Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina, 27599, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Columbia University, 10027, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kersten Pierre
- Environmental and Health Sciences Program, Spelman College, 30314, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Emory University, 30322, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Rick B Meeker
- Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina, 27599, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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6
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Mizejewski GJ. The Role of Ion Channels and Chemokines in Cancer Growth and Metastasis: A Proposed Mode of Action Using Peptides in Cancer Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1531. [PMID: 38672613 PMCID: PMC11048196 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16081531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Metastasis (Met) largely contributes to the major cause of cancer deaths throughout the world, rather than the growth of the tumor mass itself. The present report brings together several of the pertinent contributors to cancer growth and metastatic processes from an activity standpoint. Such biological activities include the following: (1) cell adherence and detachment; (2) cell-to-cell contact; (3) contact inhibition; (4) the cell interfacing with the extracellular matrix (ECM); (5) tumor cell-to-stroma communication networks; (6) chemotaxis; and (7) cell membrane potential. Moreover, additional biochemical factors that contribute to cancer growth and metastasis have been shown to comprise the following: (a) calcium levels in the extracellular matrix and in intracellular compartments; (b) cation voltage and ATP-regulated potassium channels; (c) selective and non-selective cation channels; and (d) chemokines (cytokines) and their receptors, such as CXCL12 (SDF-1) and its receptor/binding partner, CXCR4. These latter molecular components represent a promising group of an interacting and synchronized set of candidates ideal for peptide therapeutic targeting for cancer growth and metastasis. Such peptides can be obtained from naturally occurring proteins such as alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), an onco-fetal protein and clinical biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald J. Mizejewski
- Division of Translational Medicine, Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, Albany, NY 12201, USA; ; Tel.: +518-486-5900; Fax: +518-402-5002
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Empire State Plaza, Albany, NY 12201, USA
- Biggs Laboratory, Empire State Plaza, Albany, NY 12237, USA
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7
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White CW, Platt S, Kilpatrick LE, Dale N, Abhayawardana RS, Dekkers S, Kindon ND, Kellam B, Stocks MJ, Pfleger KDG, Hill SJ. CXCL17 is an allosteric inhibitor of CXCR4 through a mechanism of action involving glycosaminoglycans. Sci Signal 2024; 17:eabl3758. [PMID: 38502733 PMCID: PMC7615768 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.abl3758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
CXCL17 is a chemokine principally expressed by mucosal tissues, where it facilitates chemotaxis of monocytes, dendritic cells, and macrophages and has antimicrobial properties. CXCL17 is also implicated in the pathology of inflammatory disorders and progression of several cancers, and its expression is increased during viral infections of the lung. However, the exact role of CXCL17 in health and disease requires further investigation, and there is a need for confirmed molecular targets mediating CXCL17 functional responses. Using a range of bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET)-based assays, here we demonstrated that CXCL17 inhibited CXCR4-mediated signaling and ligand binding. Moreover, CXCL17 interacted with neuropillin-1, a VEGFR2 coreceptor. In addition, we found that CXCL17 only inhibited CXCR4 ligand binding in intact cells and demonstrated that this effect was mimicked by known glycosaminoglycan binders, surfen and protamine sulfate. Disruption of putative GAG binding domains in CXCL17 prevented CXCR4 binding. This indicated that CXCL17 inhibited CXCR4 by a mechanism of action that potentially required the presence of a glycosaminoglycan-containing accessory protein. Together, our results revealed that CXCL17 is an endogenous inhibitor of CXCR4 and represents the next step in our understanding of the function of CXCL17 and regulation of CXCR4 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl W. White
- Cell Signalling and Pharmacology Research Group, Division of Physiology, Pharmacology & Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors, University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, The Midlands, UK
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Australia
- Dimerix Limited, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Simon Platt
- Cell Signalling and Pharmacology Research Group, Division of Physiology, Pharmacology & Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors, University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, The Midlands, UK
| | - Laura E. Kilpatrick
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors, University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, The Midlands, UK
- School of Pharmacy, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Natasha Dale
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Australia
| | - Rekhati S. Abhayawardana
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Australia
| | - Sebastian Dekkers
- Cell Signalling and Pharmacology Research Group, Division of Physiology, Pharmacology & Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors, University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, The Midlands, UK
- School of Pharmacy, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas D Kindon
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors, University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, The Midlands, UK
- School of Pharmacy, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Barrie Kellam
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors, University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, The Midlands, UK
- School of Pharmacy, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Michael J Stocks
- School of Pharmacy, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin D. G. Pfleger
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Australia
- Dimerix Limited, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Stephen J. Hill
- Cell Signalling and Pharmacology Research Group, Division of Physiology, Pharmacology & Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors, University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, The Midlands, UK
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Barisas DAG, Choi K. Extramedullary hematopoiesis in cancer. Exp Mol Med 2024; 56:549-558. [PMID: 38443597 PMCID: PMC10985111 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-024-01192-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Hematopoiesis can occur outside of the bone marrow during inflammatory stress to increase the production of primarily myeloid cells at extramedullary sites; this process is known as extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH). As observed in a broad range of hematologic and nonhematologic diseases, EMH is now recognized for its important contributions to solid tumor pathology and prognosis. To initiate EMH, hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are mobilized from the bone marrow into the circulation and to extramedullary sites such as the spleen and liver. At these sites, HSCs primarily produce a pathological subset of myeloid cells that contributes to tumor pathology. The EMH HSC niche, which is distinct from the bone marrow HSC niche, is beginning to be characterized. The important cytokines that likely contribute to initiating and maintaining the EMH niche are KIT ligands, CXCL12, G-CSF, IL-1 family members, LIF, TNFα, and CXCR2. Further study of the role of EMH may offer valuable insights into emergency hematopoiesis and therapeutic approaches against cancer. Exciting future directions for the study of EMH include identifying common and distinct EMH mechanisms in cancer, infectious diseases, and chronic autoimmune diseases to control these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek A G Barisas
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Kyunghee Choi
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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9
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Sun F, Zhang L, Shen L, Wang C. Network Pharmacology Analysis of the Therapeutic Potential of Colchicine in Acute Lung Injury. Int J Clin Pract 2024; 2024:9940182. [PMID: 38352962 PMCID: PMC10864054 DOI: 10.1155/2024/9940182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background This study employed integrated network pharmacology approach to explore the mechanisms underlying the protective effect of colchicine against acute lung injury (ALI). Methods We analyzed the expression profiles from 13 patients with sepsis-related ALI and 21 controls to identify differentially expressed genes and key modules. ALI-related genes were curated using databases such as DisGeNET, Therapeutic Target, and Comparative Toxicogenomics Database to curate ALI-related genes. Drug target fishing for colchicine was conducted using the DrugBank, BATMAN-TCM, STITCH, and SwissTargetPrediction. Potential drug-disease interactions were determined by intersecting ALI-associated genes with colchicine target genes. We performed comprehensive pathway and process enrichment analyses on these genes. A protein-protein interaction network was constructed, and topological analysis was executed. Additionally, an ALI mouse model was established to evaluate the effect of colchicine on CXCL12 and CXCR4 levels through western blot analysis. Results Analysis revealed 23 potential colchicine-ALI interaction genes from the intersection of 253 ALI-associated genes and 389 colchicine targets. Functional enrichment analysis highlighted several inflammation-related pathways, such as cytokine-mediated signaling pathway, CXCR chemokine receptor binding, NF-kappa B signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, and IL-17 signaling pathway. The protein-protein interaction network demonstrated complex interactions for CXCL12 and CXCR4 among other candidate genes, with significant topological interaction degrees. In vivo studies showed that colchicine significantly reduced elevated CXCL12 and CXCR4 levels in ALI mice. Conclusion Our findings suggest that colchicine's therapeutic effect on ALI might derive from its anti-inflammatory properties. Further research is needed to explore the specific mechanisms of colchicine's interaction with sepsis-induced ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Sun
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 72 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 72 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lulu Shen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huai'an Second People's Hospital and the Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No. 66 Huaihai South Road, Huai'an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chunman Wang
- Pain Department, Hengshui People's Hospital, 180 People's East Road, Hengshui, Hebei, China
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10
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Ouchida T, Suzuki H, Tanaka T, Kaneko MK, Kato Y. Cx 4Mab-1: A Novel Anti-Mouse CXCR4 Monoclonal Antibody for Flow Cytometry. Monoclon Antib Immunodiagn Immunother 2024; 43:10-16. [PMID: 38126879 DOI: 10.1089/mab.2023.0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4, CD184) is a member of the G protein-coupled receptor family that is expressed in most leukocytes. Overexpression of CXCR4 is associated with poor prognosis in not only hematopoietic malignancy but also solid tumors. Because CXCR4 is an attractive target for tumor therapy, reliable preclinical murine models using anti-CXCR4 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have been warranted. This study established a novel anti-mouse CXCR4 (mCXCR4) mAb using the Cell-Based Immunization and Screening method. Flow cytometric analysis showed that an anti-mCXCR4 mAb, Cx4Mab-1 (rat IgG2a, kappa), recognized mCXCR4-overexpressed Chinese hamster ovary-K1 (CHO/mCXCR4) cells and endogenously mCXCR4-expressing mouse myeloma P3X63Ag8U.1 (P3U1) cells. Furthermore, Cx4Mab-1 did not recognize mCXCR4-knockout P3U1 cells. The dissociation constants of Cx4Mab-1 for CHO/mCXCR4 and P3U1 were determined as 6.4 × 10-9 M and 2.3 × 10-9 M, respectively, indicating that Cx4Mab-1 possesses a high affinity to both endogenous and exogenous mCXCR4-expressing cells. These results indicate that Cx4Mab-1 could be a useful tool for preclinical mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsunenori Ouchida
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Suzuki
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Tanaka
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Mika K Kaneko
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Yukinari Kato
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
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11
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Anastasiadou DP, Quesnel A, Duran CL, Filippou PS, Karagiannis GS. An emerging paradigm of CXCL12 involvement in the metastatic cascade. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2024; 75:12-30. [PMID: 37949685 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2023.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
The chemokine CXCL12, also known as stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF1), has emerged as a pivotal regulator in the intricate molecular networks driving cancer progression. As an influential factor in the tumor microenvironment, CXCL12 plays a multifaceted role that spans beyond its traditional role as a chemokine inducing invasion and metastasis. Indeed, CXCL12 has been assigned functions related to epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, cancer cell stemness, angiogenesis, and immunosuppression, all of which are currently viewed as specialized biological programs contributing to the "metastatic cascade" among other cancer hallmarks. Its interaction with its cognate receptor, CXCR4, initiates a cascade of events that not only shapes the metastatic potential of tumor cells but also defines the niches within the secondary organs that support metastatic colonization. Given the profound implications of CXCL12 in the metastatic cascade, understanding its mechanistic underpinnings is of paramount importance for the targeted elimination of rate-limiting steps in the metastatic process. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge surrounding the role of CXCL12 in cancer metastasis, especially its molecular interactions rationalizing its potential as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitra P Anastasiadou
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Tumor Microenvironment & Metastasis Program, Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Agathe Quesnel
- School of Health & Life Sciences, Teesside University, Middlesbrough TS1 3BX, United Kingdom; National Horizons Centre, Teesside University, Darlington DL1 1HG, United Kingdom
| | - Camille L Duran
- Tumor Microenvironment & Metastasis Program, Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Bronx, NY, USA; Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Integrated Imaging Program for Cancer Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Panagiota S Filippou
- School of Health & Life Sciences, Teesside University, Middlesbrough TS1 3BX, United Kingdom; National Horizons Centre, Teesside University, Darlington DL1 1HG, United Kingdom
| | - George S Karagiannis
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Tumor Microenvironment & Metastasis Program, Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Bronx, NY, USA; Integrated Imaging Program for Cancer Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Cancer Dormancy and Tumor Microenvironment Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
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12
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Köhn P, Lalos A, Posabella A, Wilhelm A, Tampakis A, Caner E, Güth U, Stadlmann S, Spagnoli GC, Piscuoglio S, Richarz S, Delko T, Droeser RA, Singer G. High density of CXCL12-positive immune cell infiltration predicts chemosensitivity and recurrence-free survival in ovarian carcinoma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:17943-17955. [PMID: 37966614 PMCID: PMC10725329 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-05466-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian carcinoma is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy because of its late diagnosis, extremely high recurrence rate, and limited curative treatment options. In clinical practice, high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) predominates due to its frequency, high aggressiveness, and rapid development of drug resistance. Recent evidence suggests that CXCL12 is an important immunological factor in ovarian cancer progression. Therefore, we investigated the predictive and prognostic significance of the expression of this chemokine in tumor and immune cells in patients with HGSC. METHODS We studied a cohort of 47 primary high-grade serous ovarian carcinomas and their associated recurrences. A tissue microarray was constructed to evaluate the CXCL12 immunostained tumor tissue. CXCL12 expression was evaluated and statistically analyzed to correlate clinicopathologic data, overall survival, and recurrence-free survival. RESULTS A high proportion of CXCL12 + positive immune cells in primary ovarian serous carcinoma correlated significantly with chemosensitivity (p = 0.005), overall survival (p = 0.021), and longer recurrence-free survival (p = 0.038). In recurrent disease, high expression of CXCL12 was also correlated with better overall survival (p = 0.040). Univariate and multivariate analysis revealed that high CXCL12 + tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TICs) (HR 0.99, p = 0.042, HR 0.99, p = 0.023, respectively) and combined CXCL12 + /CD66b + infiltration (HR 0.15, p = 0.001, HR 0.13, p = 0.001, respectively) are independent favorable predictive markers for recurrence-free survival. CONCLUSION A high density of CXCL12 + TICs predicts a good response to chemotherapy, leading to a better overall survival and a longer recurrence-free interval. Moreover, with concomitant high CXCL12/CD66b TIC density, it is an independent favorable predictor of recurrence-free survival in patients with ovarian carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Köhn
- University Center for Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases (Clarunis), University of Basel, Spitalstrasse 21, 4031, Basel, Switzerland.
- University of Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Alexandros Lalos
- University Center for Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases (Clarunis), University of Basel, Spitalstrasse 21, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alberto Posabella
- University Center for Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases (Clarunis), University of Basel, Spitalstrasse 21, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Wilhelm
- University Center for Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases (Clarunis), University of Basel, Spitalstrasse 21, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Athanasios Tampakis
- University Center for Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases (Clarunis), University of Basel, Spitalstrasse 21, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ercan Caner
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Schönbeinstrasse 40, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Uwe Güth
- Brustzentrum Zürich, Seefeldstrasse 214, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Basel, Spitalstrasse 21, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sylvia Stadlmann
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Basel, Spitalstrasse 21, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
- Institute of Pathology, Kantonsspital Baden AG, Im Ergel 1, 5404, Baden, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Sabine Richarz
- Department of Vascular Surgery and Transplantation, University Hospital Basel, Spitalstrasse 21, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tarik Delko
- Chirurgie Zentrum Zentralschweiz/Surgical Center Central-Switzerland, Ärztehaus, St. Anna-Strasse 32, Lützelmatt 1, 6006, Luzern, Switzerland
| | - Raoul A Droeser
- University Center for Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases (Clarunis), University of Basel, Spitalstrasse 21, 4031, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Gad Singer
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Basel, Spitalstrasse 21, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
- Institute of Pathology, Kantonsspital Baden AG, Im Ergel 1, 5404, Baden, Switzerland
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13
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Fan W, He Y, Su J, Feng Y, Zhuo T, Wang J, Jiao X, Luo Y, Wu J, Geng Y. Effects of leucism on organ development and molecular mechanisms in Northern snakehead (Channa argus) beyond pigmentation alterations. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19689. [PMID: 37952047 PMCID: PMC10640583 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46608-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Leucism, a widespread occurrence observed in Northern snakehead (Channa argus), bestows a striking white jade-like body coloration upon affected individuals and has gained substantial popularity in commercial breeding. While the visible manifestation of leucism in snakeheads is primarily limited to body coloration, it is crucial to explore the potential influence of leucism on organ development and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms. Through a comparative analysis of growth differences, our study revealed that at 150 days post-fertilization, the white variety exhibited an 8.5% higher liver index and intestinal index, but experienced a 20% and 38% decreased in spleen index and renal interstitial index, respectively, suggesting an enlarged digestive area but relatively smaller immune tissues. Nonetheless, no significant differences were observed in the intestinal flora between the two varieties, suggesting the exclusion of any exogenous impacts from symbiotic flora on the growth and development of the white variety. Importantly, transcriptome analysis demonstrated that the white variety exhibited higher expression levels of innate immune genes. Furthermore, annotation of the gene sets expressed in the liver and spleen revealed 76 and 35 genes respectively, with the white variety displaying lower expression in genes associated with "Viral protein interaction with cytokine and cytokine receptor", "Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum", and "TNF signaling pathway", while exhibiting higher expression in "Estrogen signaling pathway". Notably, three genes, namely pcdhf 4, nlrc3 card 15-like, and a pol-like were identified in both the liver and spleen, indicating their potential involvement in altering the development and innate immunity of the white variety. This study reveals the systemic impact of leucism that extends beyond mere pigmentation alterations, highlighting the prominent characteristics of this phenotype and providing a foundation for future molecular breeding programs aimed at enhancing this variety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Fan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Street No. 211, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- NeiJiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Neijiang, 641000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang He
- Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province for Fishes Conservation and Utilization in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River/College of Life Sciences, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang, 641000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Su
- NeiJiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Neijiang, 641000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Feng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Street No. 211, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Zhuo
- NeiJiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Neijiang, 641000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province for Fishes Conservation and Utilization in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River/College of Life Sciences, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang, 641000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolei Jiao
- NeiJiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Neijiang, 641000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Luo
- NeiJiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Neijiang, 641000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Wu
- NeiJiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Neijiang, 641000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Geng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Street No. 211, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
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14
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Francelino AL, Pereira ÉR, Pinheiro LCL, Soares AC, Mendonça AC, Fuganti PE, Frantine-Silva W, de Oliveira KB, Serpeloni JM, Guembarovski RL. Allelic variants and immunostaining profile in CXCL12/CXCR4 axis: An investigation of association with prognosis in prostate cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 250:154806. [PMID: 37738928 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the malignant neoplasm that most commonly affects men and is an important cause of death. It can be detected by changes in serum levels of Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) and digital rectal examination, but often symptoms do not appear until advanced stages and metastases. The C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 12/C-X-C Motif Chemokine Receptor 4 (CXCL12/CXCR4) axis acts in cell migration and may be involved in the metastatic process. In this context, the aim of this study was to evaluate the allelic variants rs1801157 (CXCL12) and rs2228014 (CXCR4) and the immunostaining of CXCR4 protein as candidates for prognostic markers in PCa. Samples (n = 60) were divided according to prognostic parameters (with and without metastasis at diagnosis) in tree groups: better prognosis, worse prognosis with metastasis at diagnosis and worse prognosis without metastasis at diagnosis, and immunostaining was evaluated by indirect immunohistochemistry, considering tumoral and adjacent tissues from the same patient (n = 120). A significant association was found between the C allele of rs2228014 (CXCR4) and the extraprostatic extension. For CXCR4 immunostaining a weak labeling and a cytoplasmic localization predominated, as well as a significant difference between malignant versus adjacent tissue, with higher protein expression in the malignant tissue. A significant association was found between CXCR4 tumor immunostaining with TNM staging (T2b-T2c) and PSA level (> 20 ng/mL). None of the allelic variants affected CXCR4 immunostaining. Prognostic groups did not differ in allelic variant frequency or immunostaining profile. Findings suggest that CXCR4 receptor may be one of the ways to worsen the prognosis of prostatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Letícia Francelino
- Laboratory of Mutagenesis and Oncogenetics, Department of General Biology, Londrina State University, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Érica Romão Pereira
- Laboratory of Mutagenesis and Oncogenetics, Department of General Biology, Londrina State University, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Laís Capelasso Lucas Pinheiro
- Laboratory of Mutagenesis and Oncogenetics, Department of General Biology, Londrina State University, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Adrielli Caroline Soares
- Laboratory of Mutagenesis and Oncogenetics, Department of General Biology, Londrina State University, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Ana Carla Mendonça
- Laboratory of Mutagenesis and Oncogenetics, Department of General Biology, Londrina State University, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Wilson Frantine-Silva
- Laboratory of Studies and Applications of DNA Polymorphism, Department of Immunology, Parasitology and General Pathology, CCB, Londrina State University, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Karen Brajão de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Immunology, Department of Pathological Sciences, Londrina State University, Londrina, PR, Brazil; Laboratory of Studies and Applications of DNA Polymorphism, Department of Immunology, Parasitology and General Pathology, CCB, Londrina State University, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Juliana Mara Serpeloni
- Laboratory of Mutagenesis and Oncogenetics, Department of General Biology, Londrina State University, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Roberta Losi Guembarovski
- Laboratory of Mutagenesis and Oncogenetics, Department of General Biology, Londrina State University, Londrina, PR, Brazil.
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15
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Takada Y, Fujita M, Takada YK. Virtual Screening of Protein Data Bank via Docking Simulation Identified the Role of Integrins in Growth Factor Signaling, the Allosteric Activation of Integrins, and P-Selectin as a New Integrin Ligand. Cells 2023; 12:2265. [PMID: 37759488 PMCID: PMC10527219 DOI: 10.3390/cells12182265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Integrins were originally identified as receptors for extracellular matrix (ECM) and cell-surface molecules (e.g., VCAM-1 and ICAM-1). Later, we discovered that many soluble growth factors/cytokines bind to integrins and play a critical role in growth factor/cytokine signaling (growth factor-integrin crosstalk). We performed a virtual screening of protein data bank (PDB) using docking simulations with the integrin headpiece as a target. We showed that several growth factors (e.g., FGF1 and IGF1) induce a integrin-growth factor-cognate receptor ternary complex on the surface. Growth factor/cytokine mutants defective in integrin binding were defective in signaling functions and act as antagonists of growth factor signaling. Unexpectedly, several growth factor/cytokines activated integrins by binding to the allosteric site (site 2) in the integrin headpiece, which is distinct from the classical ligand (RGD)-binding site (site 1). Since 25-hydroxycholesterol, a major inflammatory mediator, binds to site 2, activates integrins, and induces inflammatory signaling (e.g., IL-6 and TNFα secretion), it has been proposed that site 2 is involved in inflammatory signaling. We showed that several inflammatory factors (CX3CL1, CXCL12, CCL5, sPLA2-IIA, and P-selectin) bind to site 2 and activate integrins. We propose that site 2 is involved in the pro-inflammatory action of these proteins and a potential therapeutic target. It has been well-established that platelet integrin αIIbβ3 is activated by signals from the inside of platelets induced by platelet agonists (inside-out signaling). In addition to the canonical inside-out signaling, we showed that αIIbβ3 can be allosterically activated by inflammatory cytokines/chemokines that are stored in platelet granules (e.g., CCL5, CXCL12) in the absence of inside-out signaling (e.g., soluble integrins in cell-free conditions). Thus, the allosteric activation may be involved in αIIbβ3 activation, platelet aggregation, and thrombosis. Inhibitory chemokine PF4 (CXCL4) binds to site 2 but did not activate integrins, Unexpectedly, we found that PF4/anti-PF4 complex was able to activate integrins, indicating that the anti-PF4 antibody changed the phenotype of PF4 from inhibitory to inflammatory. Since autoantibodies to PF4 are detected in vaccine-induced thrombocytopenic thrombosis (VIPP) and autoimmune diseases (e.g., SLE, and rheumatoid arthritis), we propose that this phenomenon is related to the pathogenesis of these diseases. P-selectin is known to bind exclusively to glycans (e.g., sLex) and involved in cell-cell interaction by binding to PSGL-1 (CD62P glycoprotein ligand-1). Unexpectedly, through docking simulation, we discovered that the P-selectin C-type lectin domain functions as an integrin ligand. It is interesting that no one has studied whether P-selectin binds to integrins in the last few decades. The integrin-binding site and glycan-binding site were close but distinct. Also, P-selectin lectin domain bound to site 2 and allosterically activated integrins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshikazu Takada
- Department of Dermatology, UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA; (M.F.); (Y.K.T.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Masaaki Fujita
- Department of Dermatology, UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA; (M.F.); (Y.K.T.)
| | - Yoko K. Takada
- Department of Dermatology, UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA; (M.F.); (Y.K.T.)
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16
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Zhang M, Zhang J, Wang D, Liu Z, Xing K, Wang Y, Jiao M, Wang Y, Shi B, Zhang H, Zhang Y. C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12 improves the developmental potential of bovine oocytes by activating SH2 domain-containing tyrosine phosphatase 2 during maturation†. Biol Reprod 2023; 109:282-298. [PMID: 37498179 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioad079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In vitro maturation of mammalian oocytes is an important means in assisted reproductive technology. Most bovine immature oocytes complete nuclear maturation, but less than half develop to the blastocyst stage after fertilization. Thus, inefficient in vitro production is mainly caused by a suboptimal in vitro culture process, in which oocyte quality appears to be the limiting factor. In our study, a potential maternal regulator, C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12, was identified by analyzing transcriptome data. C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12 supplementation promoted the developmental potential of oocytes by improving protein synthesis and reorganizing cortical granules and mitochondria during in vitro maturation, which eventually increased blastocyst formation efficiency and cell number after parthenogenesis, fertilization, and cloning. All these promoting effects by C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12 were achieved by activating SH2 domain-containing tyrosine phosphatase 2, thereby promoting the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway. These findings provide an in vitro maturation system that closely resembles the maternal environment to provide high-quality oocytes for in vitro production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jingcheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Debao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhengqing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kangning Xing
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yongsheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mei Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Binqiang Shi
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hexu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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17
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Wei Y, Zheng X, Huang T, Zhong Y, Sun S, Wei X, Liu Q, Wang T, Zhao Z. Human embryonic stem cells secrete macrophage migration inhibitory factor: A novel finding. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0288281. [PMID: 37616250 PMCID: PMC10449177 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is expressed in a variety of cells and participates in important biological mechanisms. However, few studies have reported whether MIF is expressed in human Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and its effect on human ESCs. Two human ESCs cell lines, H1 and H9 were used. The expression of MIF and its receptors CD74, CD44, CXCR2, CXCR4 and CXCR7 were detected by an immunofluorescence assay, RT-qPCR and western blotting, respectively. The autocrine level of MIF was measured via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The interaction between MIF and its main receptor was investigated by co-immunoprecipitation and confocal immunofluorescence microscopy. Finally, the effect of MIF on the proliferation and survival of human ESCs was preliminarily explored by incubating cells with exogenous MIF, MIF competitive ligand CXCL12 and MIF classic inhibitor ISO-1. We reported that MIF was highly expressed in H1 and H9 human ESCs. MIF was positively expressed in the cytoplasm, cell membrane and culture medium. Several surprising results emerge. The autosecreted concentration of MIF was 22 ng/mL, which was significantly higher than 2 ng/mL-6 ng/mL in normal human serum, and this was independent of cell culture time and cell number. Human ESCs mainly expressed the MIF receptors CXCR2 and CXCR7 rather than the classical receptor CD74. The protein receptor that interacts with MIF on human embryonic stem cells is CXCR7, and no evidence of interaction with CXCR2 was found. We found no evidence that MIF supports the proliferation and survival of human embryonic stem cells. In conclusion, we first found that MIF was highly expressed in human ESCs and at the same time highly expressed in associated receptors, suggesting that MIF mainly acts in an autocrine form in human ESCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanzhao Wei
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan, China
- Department of Human Functioning, Department of Health Services, Logistics University of Chinese People’s Armed Police Force, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Brain Science Research & Transformation in Tropical Environment of Hainan Province, Hainan Medical University, Hainan, China
| | - Xiaohan Zheng
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan, China
- Key Laboratory of Brain Science Research & Transformation in Tropical Environment of Hainan Province, Hainan Medical University, Hainan, China
| | - Ting Huang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan, China
- Key Laboratory of Brain Science Research & Transformation in Tropical Environment of Hainan Province, Hainan Medical University, Hainan, China
| | - Yuanji Zhong
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan, China
- Key Laboratory of Brain Science Research & Transformation in Tropical Environment of Hainan Province, Hainan Medical University, Hainan, China
| | - Shengtong Sun
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan, China
- Key Laboratory of Brain Science Research & Transformation in Tropical Environment of Hainan Province, Hainan Medical University, Hainan, China
| | - Xufang Wei
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan, China
- Key Laboratory of Brain Science Research & Transformation in Tropical Environment of Hainan Province, Hainan Medical University, Hainan, China
| | - Qibing Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Hainan, China
| | - Tan Wang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan, China
- Key Laboratory of Brain Science Research & Transformation in Tropical Environment of Hainan Province, Hainan Medical University, Hainan, China
| | - Zhenqiang Zhao
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan, China
- Key Laboratory of Brain Science Research & Transformation in Tropical Environment of Hainan Province, Hainan Medical University, Hainan, China
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18
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Lasorsa F, Rutigliano M, Milella M, Ferro M, Pandolfo SD, Crocetto F, Autorino R, Battaglia M, Ditonno P, Lucarelli G. Cancer Stem Cells in Renal Cell Carcinoma: Origins and Biomarkers. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13179. [PMID: 37685983 PMCID: PMC10487877 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The term "cancer stem cell" (CSC) refers to a cancer cell with the following features: clonogenic ability, the expression of stem cell markers, differentiation into cells of different lineages, growth in nonadhesive spheroids, and the in vivo ability to generate serially transplantable tumors that reflect the heterogeneity of primary cancers (tumorigenicity). According to this model, CSCs may arise from normal stem cells, progenitor cells, and/or differentiated cells because of striking genetic/epigenetic mutations or from the fusion of tissue-specific stem cells with circulating bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs). CSCs use signaling pathways similar to those controlling cell fate during early embryogenesis (Notch, Wnt, Hedgehog, bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), fibroblast growth factors, leukemia inhibitory factor, and transforming growth factor-β). Recent studies identified a subpopulation of CD133+/CD24+ cells from ccRCC specimens that displayed self-renewal ability and clonogenic multipotency. The development of agents targeting CSC signaling-specific pathways and not only surface proteins may ultimately become of utmost importance for patients with RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Lasorsa
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area-Urology, Andrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Monica Rutigliano
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area-Urology, Andrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Martina Milella
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area-Urology, Andrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Matteo Ferro
- Division of Urology, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, 71013 Milan, Italy
| | - Savio Domenico Pandolfo
- Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Felice Crocetto
- Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Riccardo Autorino
- Department of Urology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Michele Battaglia
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area-Urology, Andrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Pasquale Ditonno
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area-Urology, Andrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lucarelli
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area-Urology, Andrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
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19
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Hjazi A, Nasir F, Noor R, Alsalamy A, Zabibah RS, Romero-Parra RM, Ullah MI, Mustafa YF, Qasim MT, Akram SV. The pathological role of C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression; special focus on molecular mechanisms and possible therapeutics. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 248:154616. [PMID: 37379710 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is comprised of transformed cells and non-malignant cells including cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF), endothelial vasculature cells, and tumor-infiltrating cells. These nonmalignant cells, as well as soluble factors (e.g., cytokines), and the extracellular matrix (ECM), form the tumor microenvironment (TME). In general, the cancer cells and their surrounding TME can crosstalk by direct cell-to-cell contact and via soluble factors, such as cytokines (e.g., chemokines). TME not only promotes cancer progression through growth-promoting cytokines but also provides resistance to chemotherapy. Understanding the mechanisms of tumor growth and progression and the roles of chemokines in CRC will likely suggest new therapeutic targets. In this line, a plethora of reports has evidenced the critical role of chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4)/C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12 or SDF-1) axis in CRC pathogenesis. In the current review, we take a glimpse into the role of the CXCR4/CXCL12 axis in CRC growth, metastasis, angiogenesis, drug resistance, and immune escape. Also, a summary of recent reports concerning targeting CXCR4/CXCL12 axis for CRC management and therapy has been delivered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Hjazi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Rabia Noor
- Amna Inayat Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ali Alsalamy
- College of Medical Technique, Imam Ja'afar Al-Sadiq University, Al-Muthanna 66002, Iraq
| | - Rahman S Zabibah
- Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
| | | | - Muhammad Ikram Ullah
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 75471, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yasser Fakri Mustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul 41001, Iraq
| | - Maytham T Qasim
- Department of Anesthesia, College of Health and Medical Technololgy, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, Iraq
| | - Shaik Vaseem Akram
- Uttaranchal Institute of Technology, Division of Research & Innovation, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun 248007, India
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20
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Bao S, Darvishi M, H Amin A, Al-Haideri MT, Patra I, Kashikova K, Ahmad I, Alsaikhan F, Al-Qaim ZH, Al-Gazally ME, Kiasari BA, Tavakoli-Far B, Sidikov AA, Mustafa YF, Akhavan-Sigari R. CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) blockade in cancer treatment. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:7945-7968. [PMID: 36905421 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-04444-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
CXC chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) is a member of the G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) superfamily and is specific for CXC chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12, also known as SDF-1), which makes CXCL12/CXCR4 axis. CXCR4 interacts with its ligand, triggering downstream signaling pathways that influence cell proliferation chemotaxis, migration, and gene expression. The interaction also regulates physiological processes, including hematopoiesis, organogenesis, and tissue repair. Multiple evidence revealed that CXCL12/CXCR4 axis is implicated in several pathways involved in carcinogenesis and plays a key role in tumor growth, survival, angiogenesis, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance. Several CXCR4-targeting compounds have been discovered and used for preclinical and clinical cancer therapy, most of which have shown promising anti-tumor activity. In this review, we summarized the physiological signaling of the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis and described the role of this axis in tumor progression, and focused on the potential therapeutic options and strategies to block CXCR4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunshun Bao
- The First Clinical Medical College, Xuzhou Medical University, 221000, Xuzhou, China
| | - Mohammad Darvishi
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center (IDTMRC), Department of Aerospace and Subaquatic Medicine, AJA University of Medicinal Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali H Amin
- Deanship of Scientific Research, Umm Al-Qura University, 21955, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, 35516, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Maysoon T Al-Haideri
- Department of Physiotherapy, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Indrajit Patra
- An Independent Researcher, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur, West Bengal, India
| | | | - Irfan Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad Alsaikhan
- College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Bahman Abedi Kiasari
- Virology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Bahareh Tavakoli-Far
- Dietary Supplements and Probiotic Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
| | - Akmal A Sidikov
- Rector, Ferghana Medical Institute of Public Health, Ferghana, Uzbekistan
| | - Yasser Fakri Mustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul, 41001, Iraq
| | - Reza Akhavan-Sigari
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Tuebingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Health Care Management and Clinical Research, Collegium Humanum Warsaw Management University, Warsaw, Poland
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21
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Cambier S, Beretta F, Pörtner N, Metzemaekers M, de Carvalho AC, Martens E, Kaes J, Aelbrecht C, Jacobs C, Van Mol P, Wauters E, Meersseman P, Hermans G, Marques RE, Vanaudenaerde B, Vos R, Wauters J, Gouwy M, Proost P. Proteolytic inactivation of CXCL12 in the lungs and circulation of COVID-19 patients. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:234. [PMID: 37505242 PMCID: PMC11073220 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04870-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
The human chemokine stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) or CXCL12 is involved in several homeostatic processes and pathologies through interaction with its cognate G protein-coupled receptor CXCR4. Recent research has shown that CXCL12 is present in the lungs and circulation of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, the question whether the detected CXCL12 is bioactive was not addressed. Indeed, the activity of CXCL12 is regulated by NH2- and COOH-terminal post-translational proteolysis, which significantly impairs its biological activity. The aim of the present study was to characterize proteolytic processing of CXCL12 in broncho-alveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and blood plasma samples from critically ill COVID-19 patients. Therefore, we optimized immunosorbent tandem mass spectrometry proteoform analysis (ISTAMPA) for detection of CXCL12 proteoforms. In patient samples, this approach uncovered that CXCL12 is rapidly processed by site-specific NH2- and COOH-terminal proteolysis and ultimately degraded. This proteolytic inactivation occurred more rapidly in COVID-19 plasma than in COVID-19 BAL fluids, whereas BAL fluid samples from stable lung transplantation patients and the non-affected lung of lung cancer patients (control groups) hardly induced any processing of CXCL12. In COVID-19 BAL fluids with high proteolytic activity, processing occurred exclusively NH2-terminally and was predominantly mediated by neutrophil elastase. In low proteolytic activity BAL fluid and plasma samples, NH2- and COOH-terminal proteolysis by CD26 and carboxypeptidases were observed. Finally, protease inhibitors already approved for clinical use such as sitagliptin and sivelestat prevented CXCL12 processing and may therefore be of pharmacological interest to prolong CXCL12 half-life and biological activity in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seppe Cambier
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Rega - Herestraat 49, Box 1042, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Fabio Beretta
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Rega - Herestraat 49, Box 1042, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Noëmie Pörtner
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Rega - Herestraat 49, Box 1042, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mieke Metzemaekers
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Rega - Herestraat 49, Box 1042, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ana Carolina de Carvalho
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Rega - Herestraat 49, Box 1042, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Brazil
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Erik Martens
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Janne Kaes
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Celine Aelbrecht
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Cato Jacobs
- Medical Intensive Care Unit, Department of General Internal Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Pierre Van Mol
- Laboratory of Translational Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, VIB-KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Els Wauters
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Philippe Meersseman
- Medical Intensive Care Unit, Department of General Internal Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Greet Hermans
- Medical Intensive Care Unit, Department of General Internal Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rafael Elias Marques
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Bart Vanaudenaerde
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Robin Vos
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Joost Wauters
- Medical Intensive Care Unit, Department of General Internal Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory for Clinical Infectious and Inflammatory Disorders, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mieke Gouwy
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Rega - Herestraat 49, Box 1042, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Paul Proost
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Rega - Herestraat 49, Box 1042, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
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22
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Li Y, Ding J, Araki D, Zou J, Larochelle A. Modulation of WNT, Activin/Nodal, and MAPK Signaling Pathways Increases Arterial Hemogenic Endothelium and Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cell Formation During Human iPSC Differentiation. Stem Cells 2023; 41:685-697. [PMID: 37220178 PMCID: PMC10346406 DOI: 10.1093/stmcls/sxad040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Several differentiation protocols enable the emergence of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) from human-induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), yet optimized schemes to promote the development of HSPCs with self-renewal, multilineage differentiation, and engraftment potential are lacking. To improve human iPSC differentiation methods, we modulated WNT, Activin/Nodal, and MAPK signaling pathways by stage-specific addition of small-molecule regulators CHIR99021, SB431542, and LY294002, respectively, and measured the impact on hematoendothelial formation in culture. Manipulation of these pathways provided a synergy sufficient to enhance formation of arterial hemogenic endothelium (HE) relative to control culture conditions. Importantly, this approach significantly increased production of human HSPCs with self-renewal and multilineage differentiation properties, as well as phenotypic and molecular evidence of progressive maturation in culture. Together, these findings provide a stepwise improvement in human iPSC differentiation protocols and offer a framework for manipulating intrinsic cellular cues to enable de novo generation of human HSPCs with functionality in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqin Li
- Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jianyi Ding
- Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Daisuke Araki
- Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jizhong Zou
- iPSC Core Facility, NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Andre Larochelle
- Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
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23
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Silva-Cayetano A, Fra-Bido S, Robert PA, Innocentin S, Burton AR, Watson EM, Lee JL, Webb LMC, Foster WS, McKenzie RCJ, Bignon A, Vanderleyden I, Alterauge D, Lemos JP, Carr EJ, Hill DL, Cinti I, Balabanian K, Baumjohann D, Espeli M, Meyer-Hermann M, Denton AE, Linterman MA. Spatial dysregulation of T follicular helper cells impairs vaccine responses in aging. Nat Immunol 2023; 24:1124-1137. [PMID: 37217705 PMCID: PMC10307630 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-023-01519-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The magnitude and quality of the germinal center (GC) response decline with age, resulting in poor vaccine-induced immunity in older individuals. A functional GC requires the co-ordination of multiple cell types across time and space, in particular across its two functionally distinct compartments: the light and dark zones. In aged mice, there is CXCR4-mediated mislocalization of T follicular helper (TFH) cells to the dark zone and a compressed network of follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) in the light zone. Here we show that TFH cell localization is critical for the quality of the antibody response and for the expansion of the FDC network upon immunization. The smaller GC and compressed FDC network in aged mice were corrected by provision of TFH cells that colocalize with FDCs using CXCR5. This demonstrates that the age-dependent defects in the GC response are reversible and shows that TFH cells support stromal cell responses to vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Philippe A Robert
- Department of Systems Immunology and Braunschweig Integrated Centre of Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
- Translational Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - Jia Le Lee
- Immunology Program, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Dominik Alterauge
- Institute for Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Biomedical Center, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Julia P Lemos
- Université Paris Cité, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, EMiLy, INSERM U1160, Paris, France
- OPALE Carnot Institute, The Organization for Partnerships in Leukemia, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut de Myologie, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, Paris, France
| | - Edward J Carr
- Immunology Program, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Danika L Hill
- Immunology Program, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Isabella Cinti
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Karl Balabanian
- Université Paris Cité, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, EMiLy, INSERM U1160, Paris, France
- OPALE Carnot Institute, The Organization for Partnerships in Leukemia, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Dirk Baumjohann
- Institute for Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Biomedical Center, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Medical Clinic III for Oncology, Hematology, Immuno-Oncology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Marion Espeli
- Université Paris Cité, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, EMiLy, INSERM U1160, Paris, France
- OPALE Carnot Institute, The Organization for Partnerships in Leukemia, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Michael Meyer-Hermann
- Department of Systems Immunology and Braunschweig Integrated Centre of Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
- Institute for Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Alice E Denton
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, UK
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24
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Dekkers S, Caspar B, Goulding J, Kindon ND, Kilpatrick LE, Stoddart LA, Briddon SJ, Kellam B, Hill SJ, Stocks MJ. Small-Molecule Fluorescent Ligands for the CXCR4 Chemokine Receptor. J Med Chem 2023; 66:5208-5222. [PMID: 36944083 PMCID: PMC10108349 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
The C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4, or CXCR4, is a chemokine receptor found to promote cancer progression and metastasis of various cancer cell types. To investigate the pharmacology of this receptor, and to further elucidate its role in cancer, novel chemical tools are a necessity. In the present study, using classic medicinal chemistry approaches, small-molecule-based fluorescent probes were designed and synthesized based on previously reported small-molecule antagonists. Here, we report the development of three distinct chemical classes of fluorescent probes that show specific binding to the CXCR4 receptor in a novel fluorescence-based NanoBRET binding assay (pKD ranging 6.6-7.1). Due to their retained affinity at CXCR4, we furthermore report their use in competition binding experiments and confocal microscopy to investigate the pharmacology and cellular distribution of this receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Dekkers
- Biodiscovery Institute, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Birgit Caspar
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors, University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, The Midlands NG7 2UH, U.K
- Division of Physiology, Pharmacology & Neuroscience, Medical School, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, U.K
| | - Joëlle Goulding
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors, University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, The Midlands NG7 2UH, U.K
- Division of Physiology, Pharmacology & Neuroscience, Medical School, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, U.K
| | - Nicholas D Kindon
- Biodiscovery Institute, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Laura E Kilpatrick
- Biodiscovery Institute, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors, University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, The Midlands NG7 2UH, U.K
| | - Leigh A Stoddart
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors, University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, The Midlands NG7 2UH, U.K
- Division of Physiology, Pharmacology & Neuroscience, Medical School, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, U.K
| | - Stephen J Briddon
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors, University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, The Midlands NG7 2UH, U.K
- Division of Physiology, Pharmacology & Neuroscience, Medical School, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, U.K
| | - Barrie Kellam
- Biodiscovery Institute, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors, University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, The Midlands NG7 2UH, U.K
| | - Stephen J Hill
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors, University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, The Midlands NG7 2UH, U.K
- Division of Physiology, Pharmacology & Neuroscience, Medical School, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, U.K
| | - Michael J Stocks
- Biodiscovery Institute, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
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25
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Maas M, Kurcz A, Hennenlotter J, Scharpf M, Fend F, Walz S, Stühler V, Todenhöfer T, Stenzl A, Bedke J, Rausch S. Differential Expression and Clinical Relevance of C-X-C Motif Chemokine Receptor 4 (CXCR4) in Renal Cell Carcinomas, Benign Renal Tumors, and Metastases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065227. [PMID: 36982302 PMCID: PMC10048828 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
C-X-C Motif Chemokine Receptor 4 (CXCR4) is part of the human chemokine system and involved in progression and metastasis in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). However, the role of CXCR4 protein expression in RCC remains controversial. In particular, data regarding the subcellular distribution of CXCR4 in RCC and RCC metastasis as well as CXCR4 expression in renal tumors of variant histology are limited. The aim of the present study was the evaluation of the differential CXCR4 expression in RCC primary tumor and metastatic tissue as well as in variant renal histologies. In addition, the prognostic capacity of CXCR4 expression in organ-confined clear cell RCC (ccRCC) was evaluated. Three independent renal tumor cohorts (primary ccRCC cohort n1 = 64; cohort of various histological entities n2 = 146; metastatic RCC tissue cohort n3 = 92) were evaluated using tissue microarrays (TMA). After immunohistochemical staining for CXCR4, nuclear and cytoplasmic expression patterns were evaluated. CXCR4 expression was correlated with validated pathologic prognosticators, clinical data, and overall and cancer-specific survival. Positive cytoplasmic staining was observed in 98% of the benign and 38.9% of the malignant samples. Nuclear staining was positive for 94.1% of the benign samples and 83% of the malignant samples. The median cytoplasmic expression score was found to be higher in benign tissue than in ccRCC (130.00 vs. 0.00); median nuclear expression score analysis indicated the opposite (56.0 vs. 71.0). Within malignant subtypes, the highest expression score was seen in papillary renal cell carcinomas (cytoplasmic: 117.50, nuclear: 41.50). Within benign renal tumors, high cytoplasmic and nuclear CXCR4 expression scores were seen for oncocytomas (cytoplasmic: 100.00, nuclear: 31.00). Expression scores in RCC metastasis ranked between benign renal tissue and ccRCC in cytoplasmic and nuclear expression. Cytoplasmic CXCR4 expression was identified as a prognostic factor for OS and CSS (p = 0.042; p = 0.019). Multivariate analysis including clinicopathological parameters did not reveal an independent prognostic character of CXCR4 expression. CXCR4 expression differs significantly within benign lesions and renal neoplasms. Cytoplasmic and nuclear expression of CXCR4 could be detected across all RCC subtypes. The prognostic value of CXCR4 in ccRCC was confirmed in univariate analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Maas
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler Strasse 3, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Aymone Kurcz
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler Strasse 3, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jörg Hennenlotter
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler Strasse 3, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Marcus Scharpf
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler Strasse 3, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Falko Fend
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler Strasse 3, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Simon Walz
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler Strasse 3, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Viktoria Stühler
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler Strasse 3, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Tilman Todenhöfer
- Clinical Trial Unit Studienpraxis Urologie, D-72622 Nürtingen, Germany
- Medical School, Eberhard-Karls-University, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Arnulf Stenzl
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler Strasse 3, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jens Bedke
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler Strasse 3, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Steffen Rausch
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler Strasse 3, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-7071-29-86000; Fax: +49-7071-29-5880
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26
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Li Y, Ding J, Araki D, Zou J, Larochelle A. Modulation of WNT, Activin/Nodal and MAPK Signaling Pathways Increases Arterial Hemogenic Endothelium and Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cell Formation During Human iPSC Differentiation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.21.529379. [PMID: 36865308 PMCID: PMC9980074 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.21.529379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Several differentiation protocols enable the emergence of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), yet optimized schemes to promote the development of HSPCs with self-renewal, multilineage differentiation and engraftment potential are lacking. To improve human iPSC differentiation methods, we modulated WNT, Activin/Nodal and MAPK signaling pathways by stage-specific addition of small molecule regulators CHIR99021, SB431542 and LY294002, respectively, and measured the impact on hematoendothelial formation in culture. Manipulation of these pathways provided a synergy sufficient to enhance formation of arterial hemogenic endothelium (HE) relative to control culture conditions. Importantly, this approach significantly increased production of human HSPCs with self-renewal and multilineage differentiation properties, as well as phenotypic and molecular evidence of progressive maturation in culture. Together, these findings provide a stepwise improvement in human iPSC differentiation protocols and offer a framework for manipulating intrinsic cellular cues to enable de novo generation of human HSPCs with functionality in vivo . Significance Statement The ability to produce functional HSPCs by differentiation of human iPSCs ex vivo holds enormous potential for cellular therapy of human blood disorders. However, obstacles still thwart translation of this approach to the clinic. In keeping with the prevailing arterial-specification model, we demonstrate that concurrent modulation of WNT, Activin/Nodal and MAPK signaling pathways by stage-specific addition of small molecules during human iPSC differentiation provides a synergy sufficient to promote arterialization of HE and production of HSPCs with features of definitive hematopoiesis. This simple differentiation scheme provides a unique tool for disease modeling, in vitro drug screening and eventual cell therapies.
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CXCL12 and CXCR4 as Novel Biomarkers in Uric Acid-Induced Inflammation and Patients with Gouty Arthritis. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11030649. [PMID: 36979628 PMCID: PMC10045243 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11030649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of chemokine receptor CXCR4 and its ligand CXCL12 in patients with gout and uric acid-induced inflammation. A total of 40 patients with intercritical gout and 27 controls were consecutively enrolled. The serum levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-18, CXCL12, and CXCR4 were assessed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The gene and protein expressions for these target molecules were measured in human U937 cells incubated with monosodium urate (MSU) crystals using a real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis. Patients with intercritical gout showed higher serum IL-1β, IL-18, and CXCL12 levels, but not the serum CXCR4 level, than in the controls.The serum CXCR4 level in gout patients was associated with the serum IL-18 level, uric acid level, and uric acid/creatinine ratio (r = 0.331, p = 0.037; r = 0.346, p = 0.028; and r = 0.361, p = 0.022, respectively). U937 cells treated with MSU crystals significantly induced the CXCL12 and CXCR4 mRNA and protein expression in addition to IL-1β and IL-18. In cells transfected with IL-1β siRNA or IL-18 siRNA, the CXCL12 and CXCR4 expression was downregulated compared with the non-transfected cells in MSU crystal-induced inflammation. In this study, we revealed that CXCL12 and CXCR4 were involved in the pathogenesis of uric acid-induced inflammation and gouty arthritis.
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The association of gene polymorphisms with milk production and mastitis resistance phenotypic traits in dairy cattle. ANNALS OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.2478/aoas-2022-0091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between gene polymorphisms (SNPs) and mastitis indicators and their relationship with milk production profitability in dairy herd.A functional analysis was also performed of five genes containing the studied SNPs and those located close by. DNA was isolated from the hair bulb of 320 dairy cows kept in three herds and SNP-microarray analysis was performed. The data on 299 cows was subjected to final statistical analysis using AI-REML method with one-trait repeatability test-day animal model and pedigree information using the DMU4 package. Five from 35 SNPs significantly associated with mastitis indicators or production traits and located within a gene or no more than 500,000 nucleotides from the gene were selected for the functional and economic analysis. A questionnaire was also developed to collect associated economic data of 219 cows from three herds, such as the value of milk production and direct costs incurred over three years; this allowed the gross margin, direct profitability index and direct costs incurred to produce one liter of milk to be determined, among others. None of the five studied SNPs were related to protein content. The rs110785912(T/A), found near CXCR4, and rs136813430(T/C), located in the TLR4 gene exon, were associated with lnSCC, while rs110455063(C/G), located near IGFI, was associated with milk yield, fat and total solid contents. rs109421300(T/C), associated with fat/protein content ratio, as well as fat and total solid content, is located in the DGAT1 gene intron. rs41587003(A/C), located in the DLG2 gene intron, was associated with lactose content. The economic analysis revealed differences between the variants of the three tested SNPs. The T/C variant of the rs136813430(T/C) SNP was characterized by the highest gross margin, the highest direct profitability index and the lowest costs incurred to produce 1 liter of milk. The T/A variant of rs110785912(T/A) was related to low lnSCC and was characterized by the highest direct profitability index. In turn, the C/C variant of the rs41587003(T/C) was related to the lowest level of lactose and the highest costs of milk production. It appears that rs136813430(T/C) may be the most promising of the tested SNPs for increasing the profitability of milk production. To our knowledge, it is the first effort to assess directly a correlation between the DNA polymorphism and economic output of a dairy enterprise.
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Discovery of Bis-Imidazoline Derivatives as New CXCR4 Ligands. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031156. [PMID: 36770826 PMCID: PMC9920567 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The chemokine receptor CXCR4 and its ligand CXCL12 regulate leukocyte trafficking, homeostasis and functions and are potential therapeutic targets in many diseases such as HIV-1 infection and cancers. Here, we identified new CXCR4 ligands in the CERMN chemical library using a FRET-based high-throughput screening assay. These are bis-imidazoline compounds comprising two imidazole rings linked by an alkyl chain. The molecules displace CXCL12 binding with submicromolar potencies, similarly to AMD3100, the only marketed CXCR4 ligand. They also inhibit anti-CXCR4 mAb 12G5 binding, CXCL12-mediated chemotaxis and HIV-1 infection. Further studies with newly synthesized derivatives pointed out to a role of alkyl chain length on the bis-imidazoline properties, with molecules with an even number of carbons equal to 8, 10 or 12 being the most potent. Interestingly, these differ in the functions of CXCR4 that they influence. Site-directed mutagenesis and molecular docking predict that the alkyl chain folds in such a way that the two imidazole groups become lodged in the transmembrane binding cavity of CXCR4. Results also suggest that the alkyl chain length influences how the imidazole rings positions in the cavity. These results may provide a basis for the design of new CXCR4 antagonists targeting specific functions of the receptor.
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Caracciolo D, Mancuso A, Polerà N, Froio C, D'Aquino G, Riillo C, Tagliaferri P, Tassone P. The emerging scenario of immunotherapy for T-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: advances, challenges and future perspectives. Exp Hematol Oncol 2023; 12:5. [PMID: 36624522 PMCID: PMC9828428 DOI: 10.1186/s40164-022-00368-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is a challenging pediatric and adult haematologic disease still associated with an unsatisfactory cure rate. Unlike B-ALL, the availability of novel therapeutic options to definitively improve the life expectancy for relapsed/resistant patients is poor. Indeed, the shared expression of surface targets among normal and neoplastic T-cells still limits the efficacy and may induce fratricide effects, hampering the use of innovative immunotherapeutic strategies. However, novel monoclonal antibodies, bispecific T-cell engagers (BTCEs), and chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) T-cells recently showed encouraging results and some of them are in an advanced stage of pre-clinical development or are currently under investigation in clinical trials. Here, we review this exciting scenario focusing on most relevant advances, challenges, and perspectives of the emerging landscape of immunotherapy of T-cell malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Caracciolo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Antonia Mancuso
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Polerà
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Caterina Froio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giuseppe D'Aquino
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Caterina Riillo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Pierfrancesco Tassone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy.
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Hu YZ, Li Q, Wang PF, Li XP, Hu ZL. Multiple functions and regulatory network of miR-150 in B lymphocyte-related diseases. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1140813. [PMID: 37182123 PMCID: PMC10172652 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1140813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play vital roles in the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. Previous studies have shown that miR-150 is a crucial regulator of B cell proliferation, differentiation, metabolism, and apoptosis. miR-150 regulates the immune homeostasis during the development of obesity and is aberrantly expressed in multiple B-cell-related malignant tumors. Additionally, the altered expression of MIR-150 is a diagnostic biomarker of various autoimmune diseases. Furthermore, exosome-derived miR-150 is considered as prognostic tool in B cell lymphoma, autoimmune diseases and immune-mediated disorders, suggesting miR-150 plays a vital role in disease onset and progression. In this review, we summarized the miR-150-dependent regulation of B cell function in B cell-related immune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Zi Hu
- Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Qiao Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Peng-Fei Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xue-Ping Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Zhao-Lan Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Zhao-Lan Hu,
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Stuckel AJ, Khare T, Bissonnette M, Khare S. Aberrant regulation of CXCR4 in cancer via deviant microRNA-targeted interactions. Epigenetics 2022; 17:2318-2331. [PMID: 36047714 PMCID: PMC9665135 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2022.2118947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
CXCR4 is involved in many facets of cancer, including being a major player in establishing metastasis. This is in part due to the deregulation of CXCR4, which can be attributed to many genetic and epigenetic mechanisms, including aberrant microRNA-CXCR4 interaction. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a type of small non-coding RNA that primarily targets the 3' UTR of mRNA transcripts, which in turn suppresses mRNA and subsequent protein expression. In this review, we reported and characterized the many aberrant miRNA-CXCR4 interactions that occur throughout human cancers. In particular, we reported known target sequences located on the 3' UTR of CXCR4 transcripts that tumour suppressor miRNAs bind and therefore regulate expression by. From these aberrant interactions, we also documented affected downstream genes/pathways and whether a particular tumour suppressor miRNA was reported as a prognostic marker in its respected cancer type. In addition, a limited number of cancer-causing miRNAs coined 'oncomirs' were reported and described in relation to CXCR4 regulation. Moreover, the mechanisms underlying both tumour suppressor and oncomir deregulations concerning CXCR4 expression were also explored. Furthermore, the miR-146a-CXCR4 axis was delineated in oncoviral infected endothelial cells in the context of virus-causing cancers. Lastly, miRNA-driven therapies and CXCR4 antagonist drugs were discussed as potential future treatment options in reported cancers pertaining to deregulated miRNA-CXCR4 interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexei J. Stuckel
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri65212, USA
| | - Tripti Khare
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri65212, USA
| | - Marc Bissonnette
- Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Il60637, USA
| | - Sharad Khare
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri65212, USA
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans’ Hospital, Columbia, Missouri65201, USA
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Doan Ngoc TM, Tilly G, Danger R, Bonizec O, Masset C, Guérif P, Bruneau S, Glemain A, Harb J, Cadoux M, Vivet A, Mai HL, Garcia A, Laplaud D, Liblau R, Giral M, Blandin S, Feyeux M, Dubreuil L, Pecqueur C, Cyr M, Ni W, Brouard S, Degauque N. Effector Memory-Expressing CD45RA (TEMRA) CD8 + T Cells from Kidney Transplant Recipients Exhibit Enhanced Purinergic P2X4 Receptor-Dependent Proinflammatory and Migratory Responses. J Am Soc Nephrol 2022; 33:2211-2231. [PMID: 36280286 PMCID: PMC9731633 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2022030286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mechanisms regulating CD8+ T cell migration to nonlymphoid tissue during inflammation have not been fully elucidated, and the migratory properties of effector memory CD8+ T cells that re-express CD45RA (TEMRA CD8+ T cells) remain unclear, despite their roles in autoimmune diseases and allotransplant rejection. METHODS We used single-cell proteomic profiling and functional testing of CD8+ T cell subsets to characterize their effector functions and migratory properties in healthy volunteers and kidney transplant recipients with stable or humoral rejection. RESULTS We showed that humoral rejection of a kidney allograft is associated with an accumulation of cytolytic TEMRA CD8+ T cells in blood and kidney graft biopsies. TEMRA CD8+ T cells from kidney transplant recipients exhibited enhanced migratory properties compared with effector memory (EM) CD8+ T cells, with enhanced adhesion to activated endothelium and transmigration in response to the chemokine CXCL12. CXCL12 directly triggers a purinergic P2×4 receptor-dependent proinflammatory response of TEMRA CD8+ T cells from transplant recipients. The stimulation with IL-15 promotes the CXCL12-induced migration of TEMRA and EM CD8+ T cells and promotes the generation of functional PSGL1, which interacts with the cell adhesion molecule P-selectin and adhesion of these cells to activated endothelium. Although disruption of the interaction between functional PSGL1 and P-selectin prevents the adhesion and transmigration of both TEMRA and EM CD8+ T cells, targeting VLA-4 or LFA-1 (integrins involved in T cell migration) specifically inhibited the migration of TEMRA CD8+ T cells from kidney transplant recipients. CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlight the active role of TEMRA CD8+ T cells in humoral transplant rejection and suggest that kidney transplant recipients may benefit from therapeutics targeting these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tra-My Doan Ngoc
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, Nantes, France
| | - Gaëlle Tilly
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, Nantes, France
| | - Richard Danger
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, Nantes, France
- CHU Nantes, Nantes Université, Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie, Nantes, France
| | - Orianne Bonizec
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, Nantes, France
| | - Christophe Masset
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, Nantes, France
- CHU Nantes, Nantes Université, Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie, Nantes, France
| | - Pierrick Guérif
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, Nantes, France
- CHU Nantes, Nantes Université, Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie, Nantes, France
| | - Sarah Bruneau
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, Nantes, France
| | - Alexandre Glemain
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, Nantes, France
| | - Jean Harb
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, Nantes, France
- CHU Nantes, Nantes Université, Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie, Nantes, France
| | - Marion Cadoux
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, Nantes, France
| | - Anaïs Vivet
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, Nantes, France
| | - Hoa Le Mai
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, Nantes, France
- CHU Nantes, Nantes Université, Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie, Nantes, France
| | - Alexandra Garcia
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, Nantes, France
| | - David Laplaud
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, Nantes, France
| | - Roland Liblau
- CNRS, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UPS, Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity), University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- Department of Immunology, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Magali Giral
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, Nantes, France
- CHU Nantes, Nantes Université, Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie, Nantes, France
| | - Stéphanie Blandin
- CHU Nantes, CNRS, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, BioCore, US16, SFR Bonamy, Nantes Université, Nantes, France
| | - Magalie Feyeux
- CHU Nantes, CNRS, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, BioCore, US16, SFR Bonamy, Nantes Université, Nantes, France
| | | | - Claire Pecqueur
- Université d’Angers, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, CNRS, CRCI2NA, Nantes Université, Nantes, France
| | - Matthew Cyr
- IsoPlexis Corporation, Branford, Connecticut
| | - Weiming Ni
- IsoPlexis Corporation, Branford, Connecticut
| | - Sophie Brouard
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, Nantes, France
- CHU Nantes, Nantes Université, Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie, Nantes, France
| | - Nicolas Degauque
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, Nantes, France
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Butt E, Howard CM, Raman D. LASP1 in Cellular Signaling and Gene Expression: More than Just a Cytoskeletal Regulator. Cells 2022; 11:cells11233817. [PMID: 36497077 PMCID: PMC9741313 DOI: 10.3390/cells11233817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
LIM and SH3 protein 1 was originally identified as a structural cytoskeletal protein with scaffolding function. However, recent data suggest additional roles in cell signaling and gene expression, especially in tumor cells. These novel functions are primarily regulated by the site-specific phosphorylation of LASP1. This review will focus on specific phosphorylation-dependent interaction between LASP1 and cellular proteins that orchestrate primary tumor progression and metastasis. More specifically, we will describe the role of LASP1 in chemokine receptor, and PI3K/AKT signaling. We outline the nuclear role for LASP1 in terms of epigenetics and transcriptional regulation and modulation of oncogenic mRNA translation. Finally, newly identified roles for the cytoskeletal function of LASP1 next to its known canonical F-actin binding properties are included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elke Butt
- Institute of Experimental Biochemistry II, University Clinic Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany
- Correspondence: (E.B.); (D.R.); Tel.: +49-(0)931-201-48333 (E.B.); +1-419-383-4616 (D.R.)
| | - Cory M. Howard
- Department of Cell and Cancer Biology, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, MS 1010, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Dayanidhi Raman
- Department of Cell and Cancer Biology, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, MS 1010, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
- Correspondence: (E.B.); (D.R.); Tel.: +49-(0)931-201-48333 (E.B.); +1-419-383-4616 (D.R.)
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Wilhelm A, Lemmenmeier I, Lalos A, Posabella A, Kancherla V, Piscuoglio S, Delko T, von Flüe M, Glatz K, Droeser RA. The prognostic significance of CXCR4 and SDF-1 in differentiated thyroid cancer depends on CD8+ density. BMC Endocr Disord 2022; 22:292. [PMID: 36419107 PMCID: PMC9686066 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-022-01204-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor infiltration with cytotoxic CD8+ T-cells is associated with a favorable outcome in several neoplasms, including thyroid cancer. The chemokine axis CXCR4/SDF-1 correlates with more aggressive tumors, but little is known concerning the prognostic relevance in relation to the tumor immune microenvironment of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). METHODS A tissue microarray (TMA) of 37 tumor specimens of primary DTC was analyzed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) for the expression of CD8+, CXCR4, phosphorylated CXCR4 and SDF-1. A survival analysis was performed on a larger collective (n = 456) at RNA level using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) papillary thyroid cancer cohort. RESULTS Among the 37 patients in the TMA-cohort, the density of CD8+ was higher in patients with less advanced primary tumors (median cells/TMA-punch: 12.5 (IQR: 6.5, 12.5) in T1-2 tumors vs. 5 (IQR: 3, 8) in T3-4 tumors, p = 0.05). In the TCGA-cohort, CXCR4 expression was higher in patients with cervical lymph node metastasis compared to N0 or Nx stage (CXCR4high/low 116/78 vs. 97/116 vs. 14/35, respectively, p = 0.001). Spearman's correlation analysis of the TMA-cohort demonstrated that SDF-1 was significantly correlated with CXCR4 (r = 0.4, p = 0.01) and pCXCR4 (r = 0.5, p = 0.002). In the TCGA-cohort, density of CD8+ correlated with CXCR4 and SDF-1 expression (r = 0.58, p < 0.001; r = 0.4, p < 0.001). The combined marker analysis of the TCGA cohort demonstrated that high expression of both, CXCR4 and SDF-1 was associated with reduced overall survival in the CD8 negative TCGA cohort (p = 0.004). CONCLUSION These findings suggest that the prognostic significance of CXCR4 and SDF-1 in differentiated thyroid cancer depends on the density of CD8 positive T-lymphocytes. Further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to support our findings and inform future investigations of new treatment and diagnostic options for a more personalized approach for patients with differentiated thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Wilhelm
- Department of Surgery, Clarunis, St. Clara Hospital and University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Postfach, 4002, Switzerland.
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Isabelle Lemmenmeier
- Department of Surgery, Clarunis, St. Clara Hospital and University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Postfach, 4002, Switzerland
| | - Alexandros Lalos
- Department of Surgery, Clarunis, St. Clara Hospital and University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Postfach, 4002, Switzerland
| | - Alberto Posabella
- Department of Surgery, Clarunis, St. Clara Hospital and University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Postfach, 4002, Switzerland
| | - Venkatesh Kancherla
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Salvatore Piscuoglio
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Visceral Surgery Research Laboratory, Clarunis, Department of Biomedicine, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tarik Delko
- Department of Surgery, Clarunis, St. Clara Hospital and University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Postfach, 4002, Switzerland
- Department of Surgery, Hirslanden Hospital St. Anna, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Markus von Flüe
- Department of Surgery, Clarunis, St. Clara Hospital and University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Postfach, 4002, Switzerland
- Visceral Surgery Research Laboratory, Clarunis, Department of Biomedicine, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Kathrin Glatz
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Raoul André Droeser
- Department of Surgery, Clarunis, St. Clara Hospital and University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Postfach, 4002, Switzerland
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Kocher F, Puccini A, Untergasser G, Martowicz A, Zimmer K, Pircher A, Baca Y, Xiu J, Haybaeck J, Tymoszuk P, Goldberg RM, Petrillo A, Shields AF, Salem ME, Marshall JL, Hall M, Korn WM, Nabhan C, Battaglin F, Lenz HJ, Lou E, Choo SP, Toh CK, Gasteiger S, Pichler R, Wolf D, Seeber A. Multi-omic Characterization of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Relates CXCR4 mRNA Expression Levels to Potential Clinical Targets. Clin Cancer Res 2022; 28:4957-4967. [PMID: 36112544 PMCID: PMC9660543 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-22-0275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Chemokines are essential for immune cell trafficking and are considered to have a major impact on the composition of the tumor microenvironment. CX-chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) is associated with poor differentiation, metastasis, and prognosis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). This study provides a comprehensive molecular portrait of PDAC according to CXCR4 mRNA expression levels. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The Cancer Genome Atlas database was used to explore molecular and immunologic features associated with CXCR4 mRNA expression in PDAC. A large real-word dataset (n = 3,647) served for validation and further exploratory analyses. Single-cell RNA analyses on a publicly available dataset and in-house multiplex immunofluorescence (mIF) experiments were performed to elaborate cellular localization of CXCR4. RESULTS High CXCR4 mRNA expression (CXCR4high) was associated with increased infiltration of regulatory T cells, CD8+ T cells, and macrophages, and upregulation of several immune-related genes, including immune checkpoint transcripts (e.g., TIGIT, CD274, PDCD1). Analysis of the validation cohort confirmed the CXCR4-dependent immunologic TME composition in PDAC irrespective of microsatellite instability-high/mismatch repair-deficient or tumor mutational burden. Single-cell RNA analysis and mIF revealed that CXCR4 was mainly expressed by macrophages and T-cell subsets. Clinical relevance of our finding is supported by an improved survival of CXCR4high PDAC. CONCLUSIONS High intratumoral CXCR4 mRNA expression is linked to a T cell- and macrophage-rich PDAC phenotype with high expression of inhibitory immune checkpoints. Thus, our findings might serve as a rationale to investigate CXCR4 as a predictive biomarker in patients with PDAC undergoing immune checkpoint inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Kocher
- Department of Internal Medicine V (Hematology and Oncology), Comprehensive Cancer Center Innsbruck (CCCI), Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Alberto Puccini
- Medical Oncology Unit 1, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Gerold Untergasser
- Department of Internal Medicine V (Hematology and Oncology), Comprehensive Cancer Center Innsbruck (CCCI), Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Agnieszka Martowicz
- Department of Internal Medicine V (Hematology and Oncology), Comprehensive Cancer Center Innsbruck (CCCI), Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Kai Zimmer
- Department of Internal Medicine V (Hematology and Oncology), Comprehensive Cancer Center Innsbruck (CCCI), Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Andreas Pircher
- Department of Internal Medicine V (Hematology and Oncology), Comprehensive Cancer Center Innsbruck (CCCI), Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | | | - Johannes Haybaeck
- Institute of Pathology, Neuropathology and Molecular Pathology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.,Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Piotr Tymoszuk
- Data Analytics As a Service Tirol (DAAS) Tirol, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | | | - Anthony F. Shields
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Mohamed E. Salem
- Levine Cancer Institute, Carolinas HealthCare System, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - John L. Marshall
- Ruesch Center for The Cure of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | - Michael Hall
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | | | - Francesca Battaglin
- Division of Medical Oncology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Heinz-Josef Lenz
- Division of Medical Oncology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Emil Lou
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Su-Pin Choo
- Curie Oncology, Mount Elizabeth Novena Specialist Centre, Singapore
| | - Chee-Keong Toh
- Curie Oncology, Mount Elizabeth Novena Specialist Centre, Singapore
| | - Silvia Gasteiger
- Department of Visceral, Transplant and Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Renate Pichler
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Dominik Wolf
- Department of Internal Medicine V (Hematology and Oncology), Comprehensive Cancer Center Innsbruck (CCCI), Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Andreas Seeber
- Department of Internal Medicine V (Hematology and Oncology), Comprehensive Cancer Center Innsbruck (CCCI), Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.,Corresponding Author: Andreas Seeber, Department of Hematology and Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Innsbruck, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, Innsbruck 6020, Austria. Phone: 0043-50504-83166; E-mail:
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Bona A, Seifert M, Thünauer R, Zodel K, Frew IJ, Römer W, Walz G, Yakulov TA. MARVEL domain containing CMTM4 affects CXCR4 trafficking. Mol Biol Cell 2022; 33:ar116. [PMID: 36044337 PMCID: PMC9634968 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e22-05-0152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The MARVEL proteins CMTM4 and CMTM6 control PD-L1, thereby influencing tumor immunity. We found that defective zebrafish cmtm4 slowed the development of the posterior lateral line (pLL) by altering the Cxcr4b gradient across the pLL primordium (pLLP). Analysis in mammalian cells uncovered that CMTM4 interacted with CXCR4, altering its glycosylation pattern, but did not affect internalization or degradation of CXCR4 in the absence of its ligand CXCL12. Synchronized release of CXCR4 from the endoplasmic reticulum revealed that CMTM4 slowed CXCR4 trafficking from the endoplasmic reticulum to the plasma membrane without affecting overall cell surface expression. Altered CXCR4 trafficking reduced ligand-induced CXCR4 degradation and affected AKT but not ERK1/2 activation. CMTM4 expression, in contrast to that of CXCR4, correlated with the survival of patients with renal cell cancer in the TCGA cohort. Furthermore, we observed that cmtm4 depletion promotes the separation of cells from the pLLP cell cluster in zebrafish embryos. Collectively, our findings indicate that CMTM4 exerts general roles in the biosynthetic pathway of cell surface molecules and seems to affect CXCR4-dependent cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Bona
- Renal Division and,Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany,*Address correspondence to: Alexandra Bona (); Toma A. Yakulov ()
| | | | - Roland Thünauer
- Technology Platform Light Microscopy and Image Analysis (TP MIA), Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology (HPI), 20251 Hamburg, Germany,Advanced Light and Fluorescence Microscopy (ALFM) Facility, Centre for Structural Systems Biology (CSSB), 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kyra Zodel
- Department of Medicine I, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ian J. Frew
- Department of Medicine I, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Freiburg, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany,Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS
| | - Winfried Römer
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS,Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies (FRIAS), and,Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Gerd Walz
- Renal Division and,Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS
| | - Toma A. Yakulov
- Renal Division and,*Address correspondence to: Alexandra Bona (); Toma A. Yakulov ()
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Takada YK, Fujita M, Takada Y. Pro-Inflammatory Chemokines CCL5, CXCL12, and CX3CL1 Bind to and Activate Platelet Integrin αIIbβ3 in an Allosteric Manner. Cells 2022; 11:cells11193059. [PMID: 36231020 PMCID: PMC9563052 DOI: 10.3390/cells11193059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of platelet integrin αIIbβ3, a key event for hemostasis and thrombus formation, is known to be mediated exclusively by inside-out signaling. We showed that inflammatory chemokines CX3CL1 and CXCL12 in previous studies, and CCL5 in this study, bound to the allosteric binding site (site 2) of vascular integrin αvβ3, in addition to the classical ligand binding site (site 1), and allosterically activated integrins independent of inside-out signaling. Since αIIbβ3 is exposed to inflammatory chemokines at increased concentrations during inflammation (e.g., cytokine/chemokine storm) and platelet activation, we hypothesized that these chemokines bind to and activate αIIbβ3 in an allosteric activation mechanism. We found that these chemokines bound to αIIbβ3. Notably, they activated soluble αIIbβ3 in 1 mM Ca2+ by binding to site 2. They activated cell-surface αIIbβ3 on CHO cells, which lack machinery for inside-out signaling or chemokine receptors, quickly (<1 min) and at low concentrations (1–10 ng/mL) compared to activation of soluble αIIbβ3, probably because chemokines bind to cell surface proteoglycans. Furthermore, activation of αIIbβ3 by the chemokines was several times more potent than 1 mM Mn2+. We propose that CCL5 and CXCL12 (stored in platelet granules) may allosterically activate αIIbβ3 upon platelet activation and trigger platelet aggregation. Transmembrane CX3CL1 on activated endothelial cells may mediate platelet–endothelial interaction by binding to and activating αIIbβ3. Additionally, these chemokines in circulation over-produced during inflammation may trigger αIIbβ3 activation, which is a possible missing link between inflammation and thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko K. Takada
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California–Davis, 4645 Second Ave., Research III Suite 3300, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Masaaki Fujita
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California–Davis, 4645 Second Ave., Research III Suite 3300, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Yoshikazu Takada
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California–Davis, 4645 Second Ave., Research III Suite 3300, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
- Correspondence:
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Current Status of 68Ga-Pentixafor in Solid Tumours. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12092135. [PMID: 36140541 PMCID: PMC9497673 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12092135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemokine receptor CXCR4 is overexpressed in neoplasms and its expression is related to tumour invasion, metastasis and aggressiveness. 68Ga-Pentixafor is used to non-invasively image the expression of CXCR4 in tumours and has been widely used in haematological malignancies. Recent evidence shows that therapies targeting CXCR4 can increase the chemosensitivity of the tumour as well as inhibit tumour metastasis and aggressiveness. 68Ga-Pentixafor has shown promise as an elegant radiotracer to aid in the selection of patients whose tumours demonstrate CXCR4 overexpression and who therefore may benefit from novel therapies targeting CXCR4. In addition, its therapeutic partners 177Lu- and 90Y-Pentixather have been investigated in the treatment of patients with advanced haematological malignancies, and initial studies have shown a good treatment response in metabolically active lesions. 68Ga-Pentixafor in solid tumours complements 18F-FDG by providing prognostic information and selecting patients who may benefit from therapies targeting CXCR4. This review summarises the available literature on the potential applications of 68Ga-Pentixafor in solid tumours.
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40
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Nengroo MA, Khan MA, Verma A, Datta D. Demystifying the CXCR4 conundrum in cancer biology: Beyond the surface signaling paradigm. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2022; 1877:188790. [PMID: 36058380 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
The oncogenic chemokine duo CXCR4-CXCL12/SDF-1 (C-X-C Receptor 4-C-X-C Ligand 12/ Stromal-derived factor 1) has been the topic of intense scientific disquisitions since Muller et al., in her ground-breaking research, described this axis as a critical determinant of organ-specific metastasis in breast cancer. Elevated CXCR4 levels correlate with distant metastases, poor prognosis, and unfavourable outcomes in most solid tumors. Therapeutic impediment of the axis in clinics with Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved inhibitors like AMD3100 or Plerixafor yield dubious results, contrary to pre-clinical developments. Clinical trials entailing inhibition of CXCR7 (C-X-C Receptor 7), another convicted chemokine receptor that exhibits affinity for CXCL12, reveal outcomes analogous to that of CXCR4-CXCL12 axis blockade. Of note, the cellular CXCR4 knockout phenotype varies largely from that of inhibitor treatments. These shaky findings pique great curiosity to delve further into the realm of this infamous chemokine receptor to provide a probable explanation. A multitude of recent reports suggests the presence of an increased intracellular CXCR4 pool in various cancers, both cytoplasmic and nuclear. This intracellular CXCR4 protein reserve seems active as it correlates with vital tumor attributes, viz. prognosis, aggressiveness, metastasis, and disease-free survival. Diminishing this entire intracellular CXCR4 load apart from the surface signals looks encouraging from a therapeutic point of view. Transcending beyond the classically accepted concept of ligand-mediated surface signaling, this review sheds new light on plausible associations of intracellularly compartmentalised CXCR4 with various aspects of tumorigenesis. Besides, this review also puts forward a comprehensive account of CXCR4 regulation in different cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mushtaq Ahmad Nengroo
- Division of Cancer Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow-226031, India
| | - Muqtada Ali Khan
- Division of Cancer Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow-226031, India
| | - Ayushi Verma
- Division of Cancer Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow-226031, India
| | - Dipak Datta
- Division of Cancer Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow-226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India.
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Ramachandran RV, Barman A, Modak P, Bhat R, Ghosh A, Saini DK. How safe are magnetic nanomotors: From cells to animals. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 140:213048. [PMID: 35939957 PMCID: PMC7614616 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.213048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Helical magnetic nanomotors can be actuated using an external magnetic field and have potential applications in drug delivery, colloidal manipulation, and bio-microrheology. Recently, they have been maneuvered in biological environments such as vitreous humour, dentinal tubules, peritoneal fluid, stromal matrix, and blood, which are promising developments for clinical applications. However, their biocompatibility and biodistribution are vital parameters that must be assessed before further use. An extensive quantitative evaluation has been performed for these parameters for the first time through in vitro and in vivo experiments. Investigations of cell death, proliferation, and DNA damage ascertain that the motors are non-toxic. Also, an unbiased transcriptomic analysis affirms that the motors are not genotoxic till 20 motors/ cell. Toxicity studies in mice reveal that the motors show no signs of toxicity up to a dose of 55 mg/ kg body weight. Further, the biodistribution studies show that they remain in the blood circulation after injection and at later stages possibly adhere to the walls of the blood vessel because of adsorption. However, perfusion with physiological saline decreases this adsorption/adhesion. Overall, we demonstrate the biocompatibility of nanomotors in live cellular and organismal systems, and a systemic biodistribution analysis reveals organ-specific retention of motors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anaxee Barman
- Centre for Nano Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Paramita Modak
- Centre for Nano Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Ramray Bhat
- Centre for Biosystems Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India; Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Ambarish Ghosh
- Centre for Nano Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India; Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Deepak Kumar Saini
- Centre for Biosystems Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India; Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India.
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Musnier A, Bourquard T, Vallet A, Mathias L, Bruneau G, Ayoub MA, Travert O, Corde Y, Gallay N, Boulo T, Cortes S, Watier H, Crépieux P, Reiter E, Poupon A. A New in Silico Antibody Similarity Measure Both Identifies Large Sets of Epitope Binders with Distinct CDRs and Accurately Predicts Off-Target Reactivity. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179765. [PMID: 36077163 PMCID: PMC9456297 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Developing a therapeutic antibody is a long, tedious, and expensive process. Many obstacles need to be overcome, such as biophysical properties (issues of solubility, stability, weak production yields, etc.), as well as cross-reactivity and subsequent toxicity, which are major issues. No in silico method exists today to solve such issues. We hypothesized that if we were able to properly measure the similarity between the CDRs of antibodies (Ab) by considering not only their evolutionary proximity (sequence identity) but also their structural features, we would be able to identify families of Ab recognizing similar epitopes. As a consequence, Ab within the family would share the property to recognize their targets, which would allow (i) to identify off-targets and forecast the cross-reactions, and (ii) to identify new Ab specific for a given target. Testing our method on 238D2, an antagonistic anti-CXCR4 nanobody, we were able to find new nanobodies against CXCR4 and to identify influenza hemagglutinin as an off-target of 238D2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid Musnier
- MAbSilico, 1 Impasse du Palais, 37000 Tours, France
- Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, INRAE UMR-0085, CNRS UMR-7247, Université de Tours, 37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Thomas Bourquard
- MAbSilico, 1 Impasse du Palais, 37000 Tours, France
- Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, INRAE UMR-0085, CNRS UMR-7247, Université de Tours, 37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Amandine Vallet
- Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, INRAE UMR-0085, CNRS UMR-7247, Université de Tours, 37380 Nouzilly, France
- Synthélis, BIOPOLIS, 5 Avenue du Grand Sablon, 38700 La Tronche, France
| | - Laetitia Mathias
- Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, INRAE UMR-0085, CNRS UMR-7247, Université de Tours, 37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Gilles Bruneau
- Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, INRAE UMR-0085, CNRS UMR-7247, Université de Tours, 37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Mohammed Akli Ayoub
- Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, INRAE UMR-0085, CNRS UMR-7247, Université de Tours, 37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Ophélie Travert
- Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, INRAE UMR-0085, CNRS UMR-7247, Université de Tours, 37380 Nouzilly, France
| | | | - Nathalie Gallay
- Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, INRAE UMR-0085, CNRS UMR-7247, Université de Tours, 37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Thomas Boulo
- Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, INRAE UMR-0085, CNRS UMR-7247, Université de Tours, 37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Sandra Cortes
- Synthélis, BIOPOLIS, 5 Avenue du Grand Sablon, 38700 La Tronche, France
| | - Hervé Watier
- Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours, Université de Tours, EA 7501, 37032 Tours, France
| | - Pascale Crépieux
- Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, INRAE UMR-0085, CNRS UMR-7247, Université de Tours, 37380 Nouzilly, France
- Inria, Inria Saclay-Île-de-France, 91120 Palaiseau, France
| | - Eric Reiter
- Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, INRAE UMR-0085, CNRS UMR-7247, Université de Tours, 37380 Nouzilly, France
- Inria, Inria Saclay-Île-de-France, 91120 Palaiseau, France
| | - Anne Poupon
- Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, INRAE UMR-0085, CNRS UMR-7247, Université de Tours, 37380 Nouzilly, France
- Inria, Inria Saclay-Île-de-France, 91120 Palaiseau, France
- Correspondence:
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Bögelein A, Stolzenburg A, Eiring P, Lückerath K, Munawar U, Werner R, Schirbel A, Samnick S, Kortüm KM, Sauer M, Lapa C, Buck AK. CXCR4 expression of multiple myeloma as a dynamic process: influence of therapeutic agents. Leuk Lymphoma 2022; 63:2393-2402. [DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2022.2074986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Bögelein
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Antje Stolzenburg
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Patrick Eiring
- Department of Biotechnology and Biophysics, Biocenter, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Lückerath
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Ahmanson Translational Theranostic Division, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Umair Munawar
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Rudolf Werner
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Schirbel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Samuel Samnick
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Klaus Martin Kortüm
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Markus Sauer
- Department of Biotechnology and Biophysics, Biocenter, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Constantin Lapa
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Andreas K. Buck
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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Nkandeu DS, Basson C, Joubert AM, Serem JC, Bipath P, Nyakudya T, Hlophe Y. The involvement of a chemokine receptor antagonist CTCE-9908 and kynurenine metabolites in cancer development. Cell Biochem Funct 2022; 40:608-622. [PMID: 35789495 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of mortality worldwide. Skin cancer is the most common cancer in South Africa with nearly 20,000 reported cases every year and 700 deaths. If diagnosed early, the 5-year survival rate is about 90%, however, when diagnosed late, the 5-year survival rate decreases to about 20%. Melanoma is a type of skin cancer with an estimated 5-year survival rate of approximately 90%. Neuroblastoma is a paediatric cancer with a low survival rate. Sixty percent of patients with metastatic disease do not survive 5 years after diagnosis. Despite recent advances in targeted therapies, there is a crucial need to identify reliable prognostic biomarkers which will be able to contribute to the development of more precision-based chemotherapeutic strategies to prevent tumour migration and metastasis. The compound, CTCE-9908 inhibits the binding of CXC chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12) to the CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) receptor leading to reduced metastasis. Kynurenine metabolites are derived tryptophan, which is an essential amino acid. Kynurenine metabolites inhibit T-cell proliferation resulting in cell growth arrest. For this reason, chemokines receptors represent potential targets for the treatment of cancer growth and metastasis. In this review paper, the role of the CXCL12/CXCR4 signalling pathway in the development of cancer is highlighted together with the current available treatments involving the CTCE-9908 compound in combination with microtubule inhibitors like paclitaxel and docetaxel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Sandra Nkandeu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Charlize Basson
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Anna Margaretha Joubert
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - June Cheptoo Serem
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Priyesh Bipath
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Trevor Nyakudya
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Yvette Hlophe
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
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Identification of CXCR4 Upregulation in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Associated with Prognostic Significance and Clinicopathological Characteristics. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:3276925. [PMID: 35774848 PMCID: PMC9239773 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3276925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a heterogeneous malignant lymphoma with distinct characteristics. Patients with treatment failure after the standard immunochemotherapy have worse prognosis, which implies the necessity to uncover novel targets. The C-X-C chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) overexpression has been identified in several hematopoietic malignancies. However, the expression signatures and prognostic significance of CXCR4 in DLBCL associated with clinicopathological features remain unclear. Methods Gene expression profiles of DLBCL were obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. Then, a meta-analysis with an integrated bioinformatic analysis was performed to assess the relationship between CXCR4 expression and clinicopathological features of DLBCL. Finally, experimental verification including immunohistochemical (IHC) staining and real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) was carried out using patient samples. In vitro cell line viability tests were conducted using CXCR4 inhibitor WZ811. Results DLBCL patients with activated B-cell-like (ABC) subtype have higher expression level of CXCR4 with worse survival. Differential expressed genes in the CXCR4-upregulation group were enriched in canonical pathways associated with oncogenesis. DLBCL with CXCR4 upregulation had lower degree of CD8+ T cell infiltration. TIMER analysis demonstrated that the CXCR4 expression was positively correlated with the expression of CD5, MYC, NOTCH1, PDCD1, CD274, mTOR, FOXO1, and hnRNPA2B1 in DLBCL. IHC study in patient samples showed the positive correlation between CXCR4 and nongerminal center B-cell (non-GCB) subtype and mTOR expression. Meanwhile, quantitative polymerase chain reaction results revealed that high CXCR4 mRNA level was correlated to double-hit DLBCL. Finally, cell viability test showed that WZ811 exerted antiproliferation effect in DLBCL cell lines in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion CXCR4 was upregulated in ABC-DLBCL associated with worse prognosis. Our analysis predicted CXCR4 as a potential target for DLBCL treatment, which may serve as an inhibitor both on BCR signaling and nuclear export warranting further investigation in clinical trials.
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Nguyen NT, Umbaugh DS, Huang EL, Adelusi OB, Sanchez Guerrero G, Ramachandran A, Jaeschke H. Recovered Hepatocytes Promote Macrophage Apoptosis through CXCR4 after Acetaminophen-Induced Liver Injury in Mice. Toxicol Sci 2022; 188:248-260. [PMID: 35642939 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfac057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Acetaminophen (APAP) overdose is the main cause of acute liver failure in Western countries. The mechanism of APAP hepatotoxicity is associated with centrilobular necrosis which initiates infiltration of neutrophils, monocytes, and other leukocytes to the area of necrosis. While it has been recognized that this infiltration of immune cells plays a critical role in promoting liver repair, mechanism of immune cell clearance that is important for resolution of inflammation and the return to normal homeostasis are not well characterized. CXCR4 is a chemokine receptor expressed on hepatocytes as well as neutrophils, monocytes, and hematopoietic stem cells. CXCR4 function is dependent on its selective expression on different cell types and thus can vary depending on the pathophysiology. This study aimed to investigate the crosstalk between hepatocytes and macrophages through CXCR4 to promote macrophage apoptosis after APAP overdose. C57BL/6J mice were subjected to APAP overdose (300 mg/kg). Flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry were used to determine the mode of cell death of macrophages and expression pattern of CXCR4 during the resolution phase of APAP hepatotoxicity. The impact of CXCR4 in regulation of macrophage apoptosis and liver recovery was assessed after administration of a monoclonal antibody against CXCR4. RNAseq analysis was performed on flow cytometry sorted CXCR4+ macrophages at 72 h to confirm the apoptotic cell death of macrophages. Our data indicate that the inflammatory response is resolved by recovering hepatocytes through induction of CXCR4 on macrophages, which triggers their cell death by apoptosis at the end of the recovery phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nga T Nguyen
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology & Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - David S Umbaugh
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology & Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Eileen L Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology & Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Olamide B Adelusi
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology & Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Giselle Sanchez Guerrero
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology & Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Anup Ramachandran
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology & Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Hartmut Jaeschke
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology & Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
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CXCR4 as a novel target in immunology: moving away from typical antagonists. FUTURE DRUG DISCOVERY 2022; 4:FDD77. [PMID: 35875591 PMCID: PMC9298491 DOI: 10.4155/fdd-2022-0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
CXCR4 has been a target of interest in drug discovery for numerous years. However, so far, most if not all studies focused on finding antagonists of CXCR4 function. Recent studies demonstrate that targeting a minor allosteric pocket of CXCR4 induces an immunomodulating effect in immune cells expressing CXCR4, connected to the TLR pathway. Compounds binding in this minor pocket seem to be functionally selective with inverse agonistic properties in selected GPCR signaling pathways (Gi activation), but additional signaling pathways are likely to be involved in the immunomodulating effects. In depth research into these CXCR4-targeted immunomodulators could lead to novel treatment options for (auto)-immune diseases.
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The CXCL12/CXCR4/ACKR3 Signaling Axis Regulates PKM2 and Glycolysis. Cells 2022; 11:cells11111775. [PMID: 35681470 PMCID: PMC9179862 DOI: 10.3390/cells11111775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In response to CXCL12, CXCR4 and ACKR3 both recruit β-arrestin 2, regulating the assembly of interacting proteins that drive signaling and contribute to the functions of both receptors in cancer and multiple other diseases. A prior proteomics study revealed that β-arrestin 2 scaffolds pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2), an enzyme implicated in shifting cells to glycolytic metabolism and poor prognosis in cancer. We hypothesized that CXCL12 signaling regulates PKM2 protein interactions, oligomerization, and glucose metabolism. We used luciferase complementation in cell-based assays and a tumor xenograft model of breast cancer in NSG mice to quantify how CXCR4 and ACKR3 change protein interactions in the β-arrestin-ERK-PKM2 pathway. We also used mass spectrometry to analyze the effects of CXCL12 on glucose metabolism. CXCL12 signaling through CXCR4 and ACKR3 stimulated protein interactions among β-arrestin 2, PKM2, ERK2, and each receptor, leading to the dissociation of PKM2 from β-arrestin 2. The activation of both receptors reduced the oligomerization of PKM2, reflecting a shift from tetramers to dimers or monomers with low enzymatic activity. Mass spectrometry with isotopically labeled glucose showed that CXCL12 signaling increased intermediate metabolites in glycolysis and the pentose phosphate pathway, with ACKR3 mediating greater effects. These data establish how CXCL12 signaling regulates PKM2 and reprograms cellular metabolism.
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Altered CXCR4 dynamics at the cell membrane impairs directed cell migration in WHIM syndrome patients. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2119483119. [PMID: 35588454 PMCID: PMC9173760 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2119483119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
SignificanceNew imaging-based approaches are incorporating new concepts to our knowledge of biological processes. The analysis of receptor dynamics involved in cell movement using single-particle tracking demonstrates that cells require chemokine-mediated receptor clustering to sense appropriately chemoattractant gradients. Here, we report that this process does not occur in T cells expressing CXCR4R334X, a mutant form of CXCR4 linked to WHIM syndrome (warts, hypogammaglobulinemia, infections, myelokathexis). The underlaying molecular mechanism involves inappropriate actin cytoskeleton remodeling due to the inadequate β-arrestin1 activation by CXCR4R334X, which alters its lateral mobility and spatial organization. These defects, associated to CXCR4R334X expression, contribute to the retention of hematopoietic precursors in bone marrow niches and explain the severe immunological symptoms associated with WHIM syndrome.
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α 1B/D-adrenoceptors regulate chemokine receptor-mediated leukocyte migration via formation of heteromeric receptor complexes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2123511119. [PMID: 35537053 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2123511119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
SignificanceHere we show that most chemokine receptors (CRs) form heteromeric complexes with α1-adrenergic receptors (ARs) in recombinant systems and that such heteromers are detectable in human monocytes and in the human monocytic leukemia cell line THP-1. Furthermore, we provide evidence that α1B/D-ARs control the function of their CR heteromerization partners. Our findings suggest that heteromeric complexes between α1B/D-ARs and CRs are necessary for normal function of CR heteromerization partners, indicate receptor heteromerization as a molecular mechanism by which stress hormones regulate leukocyte trafficking in health and disease, and offer opportunities to modulate leukocyte and/or cancer cell trafficking in disease processes.
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