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Liao W, Sui X, Hou G, Yang M, Lin Y, Lu J, Yang Q. Trends in estrogen and progesterone receptors in prostate cancer: a bibliometric analysis. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1111296. [PMID: 37361598 PMCID: PMC10288854 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1111296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The bibliometric analysis aims to identify research trends in estrogen receptor (ERs) and progesterone receptor (PRs) in prostate cancer (PCa), and also discuss the hotspots and directions of this field. Methods 835 publications were sourced from the Web of Science database (WOS) from 2003 to 2022. Citespace, VOSviewer, and Bibliometrix were used for the bibliometric analysis. Results The number of published publications increased in early years, but declined in the last 5 years. The United States was the leading country in citations, publications, and top institutions. Prostate and Karolinska Institutet were the most publications of journal and institution, respectively. Jan-Ake Gustafsson was the most influential author based on the number of citations/publications. The most cited paper was "Estrogen receptors and human disease" by Deroo BJ, published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation. The most frequently used keywords were PCa (n = 499), gene-expression (n = 291), androgen receptor (AR) (n = 263), and ER (n = 341), while ERb (n = 219) and ERa (n = 215) further emphasized the importance of ER. Conclusions This study provides useful guidance that ERa antagonists, ERb agonists, and the combination of estrogen with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) will potentially serve as a new treatment strategy for PCa. Another interesting topic is relationships between PCa and the function and mechanism of action of PRs subtypes. The outcome will assist scholars in gaining a comprehensive understanding of the current status and trends in the field, and provide inspiration for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqiang Liao
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Xuxia Sui
- Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Gaoming Hou
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Mei Yang
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yuxue Lin
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Junjie Lu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Qingtao Yang
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
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2
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Liang Y, Besch-Williford C, Hyder SM. The estrogen receptor beta agonist liquiritigenin enhances the inhibitory effects of the cholesterol biosynthesis inhibitor RO 48-8071 on hormone-dependent breast-cancer growth. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2022; 192:53-63. [PMID: 35037188 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-021-06487-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Most hormone-dependent human breast cancers develop resistance to anti-hormone therapy over time. Our goal was to identify novel treatment strategies to avoid this drug resistance and thereby control hormone-dependent breast cancer. METHODS Sulforhodamine B assays were used to measure viability of cultured human breast-cancer cells. BT-474 cell tumor xenografts in nude mice were used to evaluate tumor growth. Immunohistochemistry was used to assess estrogen-receptor and angiogenesis-marker expression, as well as apoptosis, in tumor-xenograft tissues. RESULTS MCF-7 and BT-474 breast-cancer cells treated with either RO 48-8071 <[4'-[6-(Allylmethylamino)hexyloxy]-4-bromo-2'-fluorobenzophenone fumarate] [RO]; a small-molecule inhibitor of oxidosqualene cyclase, a key enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis> or liquiritigenin [LQ; an estrogen receptor (ER) β agonist] exhibited significantly reduced viability in vitro. RO + LQ treatment further significantly reduced cell viability. Administration of RO, LQ, or RO + LQ significantly inhibited growth of BT-474 tumor xenografts in vivo. RO, LQ, or RO + LQ reduced ERα but induced ER β expression in tumor xenografts. Both compounds significantly reduced angiogenesis-marker expression and increased apoptosis in tumor xenografts; use of RO + LQ significantly enhanced the effects observed with a single agent. CONCLUSION The ERβ ligand LQ significantly enhanced the inhibition of breast-cancer cell viability and tumor-xenograft growth by RO. The anti-tumor properties of RO may in part be due to an off-target effect that reduces ERα and increases ERβ, the latter of which can then interact with LQ to promote anti-proliferative effects. The RO + LQ combination may have value when considering novel treatment strategies for hormone-dependent breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yayun Liang
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, 134 Research Park Drive, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | | | - Salman M Hyder
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, 134 Research Park Drive, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA. .,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.
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3
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Bakhidze EV, Belyaeva AV, Berlev IV, Anisimov VN, Belyaev AM. Menopausal Hormonal Therapy and Breast Cancer. ADVANCES IN GERONTOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s2079057021040020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
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4
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Abstract
Despite the improvements in diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, breast cancer still remains one of the world’s leading causes of death among women. Particularly, triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterized by aggressiveness, metastatic spreading, drug resistance and a very high percentage of death in patients. Nowadays, identification of new targets in TNBC appears very compelling. TNBC are considered negative for the estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) expression. Nevertheless, they often express ERβ and its variants. As such, this TNBC subtype still responds to estrogens. While the ERβ1 variant seems to act as a tumor-suppressor, the two variants ERβ2 and 5 exhibit pro-oncogenic activities in TNBC. Thus, ERβ1 activation might be used to limit the growth and spreading as well as to increase the drug sensitivity of TNBC. In contrast, the pro-oncogenic properties of ERβ2 and ERβ5 suggest the possible development and clinical use of specific antagonists in TNBC treatment. Furthermore, the role of ERβ might be regarded in the context of the androgen receptor (AR) expression, which represents another key marker in TNBC. The relationship between AR and ERβ as well as the ability to modulate the receptor-mediated effects through agonists/antagonists represent a challenge to develop more appropriate therapies in clinical management of TNBC patients. In this review, we will discuss the most recent data in the field. Therapeutic implications of these findings are also presented in the light of the discovery of specific ERβ modulators.
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Shalabi MG, Abbas AM, Mills J, Kheirelseid MA, Elderdery AY. The Prognostic Value of Estrogen Receptor β Isoform With Correlation of Estrogen Receptor α Among Sudanese Breast Cancer Patients. BREAST CANCER-BASIC AND CLINICAL RESEARCH 2021; 15:1178223421998354. [PMID: 33716507 PMCID: PMC7917412 DOI: 10.1177/1178223421998354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Two estrogen receptor isoforms (ERα and ERβ) have been characterized with variable and sometimes contrasting responses to estrogens, partially explained by different receptor signaling pathways in estrogen-sensitive tissues. This is a retrospective, descriptive, cross-sectional study, aiming to evaluate the expression pattern of ERβ, employing immunohistochemical techniques using specific monoclonal antibody for ERβ, to correlate its expression with that of ERα in a Sudanese population. Two-hundred and fifty formalin-fixed paraffin-wax-embedded breast tissue blocks were used in this study. Of these, 200 were taken from breast cancer patients ascertained as study cases, and the remaining 50 were noninvolved surgical margin considered as normal breast tissue. Receptor expression was demonstrated using immunohistochemical techniques. The immune expression of ERβ was detected in 57.5% of breast cancers. It was differentially expressed in breast tissues encompassing normal, noninvasive, as well as invasive carcinoma (P = .02). There was no evidence of a significant relationship between ERβ and ERα expression. Among the ERα-negative tumor, 60.4% expressed ERβ. The expression of ERβ among this subgroup was significantly associated with good clinicopathological parameters such as negative Her2/neu, lower grade, and negative lymph node metastasis (P = .002). This study concludes that ERβ was commonly expressed among Sudanese patients with breast cancer, either co-expressed with ERα or expressed alone. In the ERα-negative subgroup, it was associated with better tumor outcomes suggesting ERβ should be included in the diagnostic protocol as an independent marker for favorable prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manar G Shalabi
- Clinical Laboratory Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakakah, Saudi Arabia.,Medical Laboratory Sciences Department, Nahda College, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Anass M Abbas
- Clinical Laboratory Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakakah, Saudi Arabia.,Medical Laboratory Program, School of Medicine, Alyarmouk Medical College, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Jeremy Mills
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Mohamed A Kheirelseid
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Omdurman Islamic University, Omdurman, Sudan
| | - Abozer Y Elderdery
- Clinical Laboratory Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakakah, Saudi Arabia.,Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of El Imam El Mahdi, Kosti, Sudan
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6
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Božović A, Mandušić V, Todorović L, Krajnović M. Estrogen Receptor Beta: The Promising Biomarker and Potential Target in Metastases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041656. [PMID: 33562134 PMCID: PMC7914503 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The discovery of the Estrogen Receptor Beta (ERβ) in 1996 opened new perspectives in the diagnostics and therapy of different types of cancer. Here, we present a review of the present research knowledge about its role in endocrine-related cancers: breast, prostate, and thyroid, and colorectal cancers. We also discuss the reasons for the controversy of its role in carcinogenesis and why it is still not in use as a biomarker in clinical practice. Given that the diagnostics and therapy would benefit from the introduction of new biomarkers, we suggest ways to overcome the contradictions in elucidating the role of ERβ.
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Liao HQ, Zhou J, Cao Y, Nie YL, Li MQ, Zhou J. Vigilin interacts with ER-β to protect against palmitic acid-induced granulosa cells apoptosis via inhibiting calcineurin-mediated Drp1 signaling pathway. Steroids 2020; 163:108699. [PMID: 32687845 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2020.108699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypercholesterolemia is one of the causes of female infertility, and as a common fatty acid in follicular fluid, palmitic acid (PA) level plays a vital role in granule cell which is closely related to the developmental potential of follicle. METHODS The ovarian granulosa cell-like human granulosa (KGN) cell line and the immortalized normal ovarian surface epithelial cell line (IOSE80) were used to verify the effect of PA on cell viability and apoptosis by MTT and flow cytometry assay, respectively. Then mitochondria damage was confirmed by mitochondrial membrane potential, mitochondrial ROS detection assay and western blot in KGN cells. Thorough luciferase reporter assay and RIP-qPCR, the relationship between vigilin and ER-β was investigated. RESULTS In our study, PA induced mitochondrial damage-mediated cell apoptosis of KGN cells was dose-dependently, while PA shown no effects on in IOSE80 cells. Then the role of calcineurin (CnA)-mediated Drp1 signaling pathway on KGN cells was confirmed by treating with Mdivi-1 or FK506T. In addition, the changed level of vigilin and ER-β was observed in cell apoptosis of KGN cells induced by PA. By transfecting vigilin vector or ER-β vector into KGN cells, respectively, vigilin and ER-β were demonstrated to regulate the apoptosis of KGN cells. And vigilin was a binding protein of ER-β mRNA. CONCLUSION Vigilin could interact with ER-β mRNA to promote ER-β expression. And Vigilin/ ER-β relieve the mitochondrial damage and cell apoptosis induced by PA through regulating CnA-mediated Drp1 signaling pathway, which revealed the mechanism and strategy of hypercholesterolemia in female infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Qing Liao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of South China University, Hengyang 421001, PR China; Hengyang Nanhua-Xinghui Reproductive Health Hospital, Hengyang 421001, PR China
| | - Jun Zhou
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of South China University, Hengyang 421001, PR China; Hengyang Nanhua-Xinghui Reproductive Health Hospital, Hengyang 421001, PR China
| | - Yang Cao
- Hunan University of Technology and Business, Changsha 410205, PR China
| | - Yu-Lin Nie
- Hengyang Nanhua-Xinghui Reproductive Health Hospital, Hengyang 421001, PR China
| | - Mei-Qing Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of South China University, Hengyang 421001, PR China; Hengyang Nanhua-Xinghui Reproductive Health Hospital, Hengyang 421001, PR China
| | - Jing Zhou
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of South China University, Hengyang 421001, PR China; Hengyang Nanhua-Xinghui Reproductive Health Hospital, Hengyang 421001, PR China.
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8
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Triggering a switch from basal- to luminal-like breast cancer subtype by the small-molecule diptoindonesin G via induction of GABARAPL1. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:635. [PMID: 32801338 PMCID: PMC7429843 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-02878-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease that includes different molecular subtypes. The basal-like subtype has a poor prognosis and a high recurrence rate, whereas the luminal-like subtype confers a more favorable patient prognosis partially due to anti-hormone therapy responsiveness. Here, we demonstrate that diptoindonesin G (Dip G), a natural product, exhibits robust differentiation-inducing activity in basal-like breast cancer cell lines and animal models. Specifically, Dip G treatment caused a partial transcriptome shift from basal to luminal gene expression signatures and prompted sensitization of basal-like breast tumors to tamoxifen therapy. Dip G upregulated the expression of both GABARAPL1 (GABAA receptor-associated protein-like 1) and ERβ. We revealed a previously unappreciated role of GABARAPL1 as a regulator in the specification of breast cancer subtypes that is dependent on ERβ levels. Our findings shed light on new therapeutic opportunities for basal-like breast cancer via a phenotype switch and indicate that Dip G may serve as a leading compound for the therapy of basal-like breast cancer.
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9
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Mohajeri M, Bianconi V, Ávila-Rodriguez MF, Barreto GE, Jamialahmadi T, Pirro M, Sahebkar A. Curcumin: a phytochemical modulator of estrogens and androgens in tumors of the reproductive system. Pharmacol Res 2020; 156:104765. [PMID: 32217147 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Curcumin (Cur) is an active derivative extracted from turmeric which exerts a wide range of interactions with biomolecules through complex signaling pathways. Cur has been extensively shown to possess potential antitumor properties. In addition, there is growing body of evidence suggesting that Cur may exert potential anti-estrogen and anti-androgen activity. In vitro and in vivo studies suggest that anticancer properties of Cur against tumors affecting the reproductive system in females and males may be underlied by the Cur-mediated inhibition of androgen and estrogen signaling pathways. In this review we examine various studies assessing the crosstalk between Cur and both androgen and estrogen hormonal activity. Also, we discuss the potential chemopreventive and antitumor role of Cur in the most prevalent cancers affecting the reproductive system in females and males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mohajeri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology & Nanotechnology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Vanessa Bianconi
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Arteriosclerosis Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | | - George E Barreto
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland; Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Tannaz Jamialahmadi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Matteo Pirro
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Arteriosclerosis Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Halal Research Center of IRI, FDA, Tehran, Iran; Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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10
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Lu Y, Liu X, Zhang E, Kopras EJ, Smith EP, Astreinidis A, Li C, Leung YK, Ho SM, Yu JJ. Estrogen activates pyruvate kinase M2 and increases the growth of TSC2-deficient cells. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0228894. [PMID: 32078667 PMCID: PMC7032738 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a devastating lung disease caused by inactivating gene mutations in either TSC1 or TSC2 that result in hyperactivation of the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1). As LAM occurs predominantly in women during their reproductive age and is exacerbated by pregnancy, the female hormonal environment, and in particular estrogen, is implicated in LAM pathogenesis and progression. However, detailed underlying molecular mechanisms are not well understood. In this study, utilizing human pulmonary LAM specimens and cell culture models of TSC2-deficient LAM patient-derived and rat uterine leiomyoma-derived cells, we tested the hypothesis that estrogen promotes the growth of mTORC1-hyperactive cells through pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2). Estrogen increased the phosphorylation of PKM2 at Ser37 and induced the nuclear translocation of phospho-PKM2. The estrogen receptor antagonist Faslodex reversed these effects. Restoration of TSC2 inhibited the phosphorylation of PKM2 in an mTORC1 inhibitor-insensitive manner. Finally, accumulation of phosphorylated PKM2 was evident in pulmonary nodule from LAM patients. Together, our data suggest that female predominance of LAM might be at least in part attributed to estrogen stimulation of PKM2-mediated cellular metabolic alterations. Targeting metabolic regulators of PKM2 might have therapeutic benefits for women with LAM and other female-specific neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyang Lu
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
| | - Xiaolei Liu
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
| | - Erik Zhang
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth J. Kopras
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
| | - Eric P. Smith
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
| | - Aristotelis Astreinidis
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center and Tuberous Sclerosis Complex Center of Excellence, Le Bonheur Children’s Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States of America
| | - Chenggang Li
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuet-Kin Leung
- College of Medicine Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, the University of Arkansas for Medical Science (UAMS), Little Rock, AR, United States of America
| | - Shuk-Mei Ho
- College of Medicine Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, the University of Arkansas for Medical Science (UAMS), Little Rock, AR, United States of America
| | - Jane J. Yu
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
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11
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Copaifera of the Neotropics: A Review of the Phytochemistry and Pharmacology. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19051511. [PMID: 29783680 PMCID: PMC5983702 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19051511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The oleoresin of Copaifera trees has been widely used as a traditional medicine in Neotropical regions for thousands of years and remains a popular treatment for a variety of ailments. The copaiba resins are generally composed of a volatile oil made up largely of sesquiterpene hydrocarbons, such as β-caryophyllene, α-copaene, β-elemene, α-humulene, and germacrene D. In addition, the oleoresin is also made up of several biologically active diterpene acids, including copalic acid, kaurenoic acid, alepterolic acid, and polyalthic acid. This review presents a summary of the ecology and distribution of Copaifera species, the traditional uses, the biological activities, and the phytochemistry of copaiba oleoresins. In addition, several biomolecular targets relevant to the bioactivities have been implicated by molecular docking methods.
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12
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Roma A, Rota SG, Spagnuolo PA. Diosmetin Induces Apoptosis of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells. Mol Pharm 2018; 15:1353-1360. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.7b01151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Roma
- Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road E, Guelph, Ontario, Canada, N1G 2W1
| | - Sarah G. Rota
- Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road E, Guelph, Ontario, Canada, N1G 2W1
| | - Paul A. Spagnuolo
- Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road E, Guelph, Ontario, Canada, N1G 2W1
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, 10A Victoria Street S, Kitchener, Ontario, Canada, N2G 1C5
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13
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Jarić I, Živanović J, Miler M, Ajdžanović V, Blagojević D, Ristić N, Milošević V, Nestorović N. Genistein and daidzein treatments differently affect uterine homeostasis in the ovary-intact middle-aged rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2018; 339:73-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2017.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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14
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Katsu Y, Cziko PA, Chandsawangbhuwana C, Thornton JW, Sato R, Oka K, Takei Y, Baker ME, Iguchi T. A second estrogen receptor from Japanese lamprey (Lethenteron japonicum) does not have activities for estrogen binding and transcription. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2016; 236:105-114. [PMID: 27432813 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2016.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Estrogens regulate many physiological responses in vertebrates by binding to the estrogen receptor (ER), a ligand-activated transcription factor. To understand the evolution of vertebrate ERs and to investigate how estrogen acts in a jawless vertebrate, we used degenerate primer sets and PCR to isolate DNA fragments encoding two distinct ER subtypes, Esr1a and Esr1b from the Japanese lamprey, Lethenteron japonicum. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that these two ERs are the result of lineage-specific gene duplication within the jawless fishes, different from the previous duplication event of Esr1 (ERα) and Esr2 (ERβ) within the jawed vertebrates. Reporter gene assays show that lamprey Esr1a displays both constitutive and estrogen-dependent activation of gene transcription. Domain swapping experiments indicate that constitutive activity resides in the A/B domain of lamprey Esr1a. Unexpectedly, lamprey Esr1b does not bind estradiol and is not stimulated by other estrogens, androgens or corticosteroids. A 3D model of lamprey Esr1b suggests that although estradiol fits into the steroid binding site, some stabilizing contacts between the ligand and side chains that are found in human Esr1 and Esr2 are missing in lamprey Esr1b.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinao Katsu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Paul A Cziko
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
| | | | - Joseph W Thornton
- Departments of Ecology and Evolution and Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Rui Sato
- Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Koari Oka
- Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yoshio Takei
- Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Michael E Baker
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Taisen Iguchi
- Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Japan; National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Japan.
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15
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Yuan B, Cheng L, Gupta K, Chiang HC, Gupta HB, Sareddy GR, Wang D, Lathrop K, Elledge R, Wang P, McHardy S, Vadlamudi R, Curiel TJ, Hu Y, Ye Q, Li R. Tyrosine phosphorylation regulates ERβ ubiquitination, protein turnover, and inhibition of breast cancer. Oncotarget 2016; 7:42585-42597. [PMID: 27323858 PMCID: PMC5173158 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Unlike estrogen receptor α (ERα) that predominantly promotes hormone-dependent breast tumor growth, ERβ exhibits antitumor effects in a variety of cancer types. We recently identified a phosphotyrosine residue in ERβ, but not ERα, that dictates ERβ transcriptional activity and antitumor function. We show here that this ER isotype-specific phosphotyrosine switch is important for regulating ERβ activity in cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. At the mechanistic level, phosphorylated ERβ, which recruits transcriptional coactivator p300, is in turn targeted by p300 for ubiquitination and proteasome-dependent protein turnover. Furthermore, ERβ-specific agonists such as S-equol enhance ERβ phosphorylation, suggesting a crosstalk between ligand- and posttranslational modification-dependent ERβ activation. Inhibition of xenograft tumor growth by S-equol is associated with reduced tumor Ki-67 expression and elevated ERβ tyrosine phosphorylation. Taken together, our data support the notion that phosphotyrosine-dependent ERβ signaling is an attractive target for anticancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yuan
- Department of Medical Molecular Biology, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Beijing, China
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning, China
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Long Cheng
- Department of Medical Molecular Biology, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Kshama Gupta
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Huai-Chin Chiang
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Harshita B. Gupta
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Gangadhara R. Sareddy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Degeng Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Kate Lathrop
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Richard Elledge
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Pei Wang
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology Cancer Therapy and Research Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Stanton McHardy
- Center for Innovative Drug Discovery, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Ratna Vadlamudi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Tyler J. Curiel
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Yanfen Hu
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Qinong Ye
- Department of Medical Molecular Biology, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Beijing, China
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning, China
| | - Rong Li
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
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16
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Hasni MS, Berglund M, Yakimchuk K, Guan J, Linderoth J, Amini RM, Enblad G, Okret S. Estrogen receptor β1 in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma growth and as a prognostic biomarker. Leuk Lymphoma 2016; 58:418-427. [DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2016.1193853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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17
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Aggelakopoulou M, Kourepini E, Paschalidis N, Panoutsakopoulou V. ERβ in CD4+ T Cells Is Crucial for Ligand-Mediated Suppression of Central Nervous System Autoimmunity. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 196:4947-56. [PMID: 27183630 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1600246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The development of therapies for multiple sclerosis targeting pathogenic T cell responses remains imperative. Previous studies have shown that estrogen receptor (ER) β ligands could inhibit experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. However, the effects of ERβ-specific ligands on human or murine pathogenic immune cells, such as Th17, were not investigated. In this article, we show that the synthetic ERβ-specific ligand 4-(2-phenyl-5,7-bis[trifluoromethyl]pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-3-yl)phenol (PHTPP) reversed established paralysis and CNS inflammation, characterized by a dramatic suppression of pathogenic Th responses as well as induction of IL-10-producing regulatory CD4(+) T cell subsets in vivo. Moreover, administration of PHTPP in symptomatic mice induced regulatory CD4(+) T cells that were suppressive in vivo. PHTPP-mediated experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis amelioration was canceled in mice with ERβ-deficient CD4(+) T cells only, indicating that expression of ERβ by these cells is crucial for the observed therapeutic effect. Importantly, synthetic ERβ-specific ligands acting directly on CD4(+) T cells suppressed human and mouse Th17 cells, downregulating Th17 cell signature gene expression and expanding IL-10-producing T cells among them. TGF-β1 and aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation enhanced the ERβ ligand-mediated expansion of IL-10-producing T cells among Th17 cells. In addition, these ERβ-specific ligands promoted the induction and maintenance of Foxp3(+) T regulatory cells, as well as their in vitro suppressive function. Thus, ERβ-specific ligands targeting pathogenic Th17 cells and inducing functional regulatory cells represent a promising subset of therapeutic agents for multiple sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Aggelakopoulou
- Cellular Immunology Laboratory, Center for Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens 115 27, Greece
| | - Evangelia Kourepini
- Cellular Immunology Laboratory, Center for Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens 115 27, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Paschalidis
- Cellular Immunology Laboratory, Center for Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens 115 27, Greece
| | - Vily Panoutsakopoulou
- Cellular Immunology Laboratory, Center for Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens 115 27, Greece
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18
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Effects of lifelong exercise training on mammary tumorigenesis induced by MNU in female Sprague-Dawley rats. Clin Exp Med 2016; 17:151-160. [PMID: 27094311 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-016-0419-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women worldwide. Several studies have suggested that exercise training may decrease the risk of breast cancer development. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of long-term exercise training on mammary tumorigenesis in an animal model of mammary cancer. Fifty female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: MNU sedentary, MNU exercised, control sedentary and control exercised. Animals from MNU groups received an intraperitoneal administration of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU). Animals were exercised on a treadmill during 35 weeks. When animals were killed, blood samples were collected to determine the hematocrit and to perform the biochemical analysis. Mammary tumors were collected and histologically evaluated; the expression of ERs α and β was evaluated in tumor sections by immunohistochemistry. All survived animals from both MNU groups developed mammary tumors. The number of mammary tumors (p > 0.05) and lesions (p = 0.056) was lower in MNU exercised than in MNU sedentary animals. MNU exercised animals showed lower number of malignant lesions than MNU sedentary animals (p = 0.020). C-reactive protein serum concentration was lower in exercised animals; however, the levels of 17-β estradiol were higher in exercised animals. Tumors from exercised animals exhibited higher expression of ER α than tumors from sedentary animals (p < 0.05). This study analyzes the impact of the longest exercise training protocol on mammary tumorigenesis ever performed. We concluded that the lifelong endurance training has beneficial effects on mammary tumorigenesis in female rats (reduced the inflammation, the number of mammary tumors and lesions, and histological grade of malignancy). Additionally, the mammary tumors from MNU exercised group exhibited higher immunoexpression of ER α that is an indicator of well-differentiated tumors and better response to hormone therapy.
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19
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Huang B, Warner M, Gustafsson JÅ. Estrogen receptors in breast carcinogenesis and endocrine therapy. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2015; 418 Pt 3:240-4. [PMID: 25433206 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2014.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Revised: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Excessive exposure to estrogen has long been associated with an increased risk for developing breast cancer and anti-estrogen therapy is the gold standard of care in the treatment of estrogen receptor (ER) α-positive breast cancers. However, there are several mysteries concerning both anti-estrogen, tamoxifen, and estrogen. The most important of these are: (1) some ERα-positive breast cancers do not respond to tamoxifen; (2) some ERα-negative breast cancers do respond to tamoxifen; (3) initial or acquired resistance to tamoxifen occurs with recurrent tumors; (4) estrogen can cause marked tumor regression in long-term tamoxifen-resistant ERα-positive breast cancer. These mysteries indicate that we do not know enough about estrogen signaling to understand the effects of targeting these receptors in cancer. The discovery of ERβ, the second estrogen receptor, has added another level of complexity to estrogen signaling. This review summarizes recent publications and makes an updated portrait of ERα and ERβ in breast carcinogenesis and endocrine cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Huang
- Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, 3605 Cullen Blvd, Science & Engineering Research Center Bldg 545, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - Margaret Warner
- Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, 3605 Cullen Blvd, Science & Engineering Research Center Bldg 545, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - Jan-Åke Gustafsson
- Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, 3605 Cullen Blvd, Science & Engineering Research Center Bldg 545, Houston, Texas 77204, USA; Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Novum, Huddinge, Sweden.
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20
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Ben-Hamo R, Efroni S. MicroRNA regulation of molecular pathways as a generic mechanism and as a core disease phenotype. Oncotarget 2015; 6:1594-604. [PMID: 25593195 PMCID: PMC4359317 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of microRNAs as key regulators of a wide variety of fundamental cellular processes, such as apoptosis, differentiation, proliferation and cell cycle is increasingly recognized in most aspects of biology and biomedicine. Accretion of results from multiple microRNA studies over multiple pathway networks, led us to hypothesize that microRNAs target molecular pathways. As we show here, this is a network-wide phenomenon. The work presented, uses statistical tools that show how single microRNAs target molecular pathways. We demonstrate that this targeting could not be the result of random associations and cannot be the result of the sheer numeracy of microRNA targets. Furthermore, the strongest evidence for the association microRNA-pathway, is in a demonstration of the way by which these associations are disease-relevant. In our analyses we study ten different types of cancer involving thousands of samples, and show that the identified microRNA–pathway associations demonstrate a clinical affiliation and an ability to stratify patients. The work presented here shows the first evidence for a mechanism of microRNAs-pathway generic regulation. This regulation is tightly associated with clinical phenotype. The presented approach may catalyze targeted treatment through exposure of hidden regulatory mechanisms and a systems-medicine view of clinical observation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rotem Ben-Hamo
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Science, Bar Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900, Israel
| | - Sol Efroni
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Science, Bar Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900, Israel
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21
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Feitelson MA, Arzumanyan A, Kulathinal RJ, Blain SW, Holcombe RF, Mahajna J, Marino M, Martinez-Chantar ML, Nawroth R, Sanchez-Garcia I, Sharma D, Saxena NK, Singh N, Vlachostergios PJ, Guo S, Honoki K, Fujii H, Georgakilas AG, Bilsland A, Amedei A, Niccolai E, Amin A, Ashraf SS, Boosani CS, Guha G, Ciriolo MR, Aquilano K, Chen S, Mohammed SI, Azmi AS, Bhakta D, Halicka D, Keith WN, Nowsheen S. Sustained proliferation in cancer: Mechanisms and novel therapeutic targets. Semin Cancer Biol 2015; 35 Suppl:S25-S54. [PMID: 25892662 PMCID: PMC4898971 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2015.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 426] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Revised: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Proliferation is an important part of cancer development and progression. This is manifest by altered expression and/or activity of cell cycle related proteins. Constitutive activation of many signal transduction pathways also stimulates cell growth. Early steps in tumor development are associated with a fibrogenic response and the development of a hypoxic environment which favors the survival and proliferation of cancer stem cells. Part of the survival strategy of cancer stem cells may manifested by alterations in cell metabolism. Once tumors appear, growth and metastasis may be supported by overproduction of appropriate hormones (in hormonally dependent cancers), by promoting angiogenesis, by undergoing epithelial to mesenchymal transition, by triggering autophagy, and by taking cues from surrounding stromal cells. A number of natural compounds (e.g., curcumin, resveratrol, indole-3-carbinol, brassinin, sulforaphane, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, genistein, ellagitannins, lycopene and quercetin) have been found to inhibit one or more pathways that contribute to proliferation (e.g., hypoxia inducible factor 1, nuclear factor kappa B, phosphoinositide 3 kinase/Akt, insulin-like growth factor receptor 1, Wnt, cell cycle associated proteins, as well as androgen and estrogen receptor signaling). These data, in combination with bioinformatics analyses, will be very important for identifying signaling pathways and molecular targets that may provide early diagnostic markers and/or critical targets for the development of new drugs or drug combinations that block tumor formation and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Feitelson
- Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
| | - Alla Arzumanyan
- Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Rob J Kulathinal
- Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Stacy W Blain
- Department of Pediatrics, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, United States
| | - Randall F Holcombe
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jamal Mahajna
- MIGAL-Galilee Technology Center, Cancer Drug Discovery Program, Kiryat Shmona, Israel
| | - Maria Marino
- Department of Science, University Roma Tre, V.le G. Marconi, 446, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria L Martinez-Chantar
- Metabolomic Unit, CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Technology Park of Bizkaia, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Roman Nawroth
- Department of Urology, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Isidro Sanchez-Garcia
- Experimental Therapeutics and Translational Oncology Program, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC/Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Dipali Sharma
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Neeraj K Saxena
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Neetu Singh
- Tissue and Cell Culture Unit, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research, Lucknow, India
| | | | - Shanchun Guo
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry & Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Kanya Honoki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Fujii
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Alexandros G Georgakilas
- Physics Department, School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences, National Technical University of Athens, Zografou 15780, Athens, Greece
| | - Alan Bilsland
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Elena Niccolai
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Amr Amin
- Department of Biology, College of Science, UAE University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - S Salman Ashraf
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, UAE University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Chandra S Boosani
- Department of BioMedical Sciences, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Gunjan Guha
- School of Chemical and Bio Technology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Maria Rosa Ciriolo
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Katia Aquilano
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Sophie Chen
- Department of Research and Development, Ovarian and Prostate Cancer Research Trust Laboratory, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7YG, United Kingdom
| | - Sulma I Mohammed
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Asfar S Azmi
- Department of Pathology, Karmonas Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Dipita Bhakta
- School of Chemical and Bio Technology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Dorota Halicka
- Brander Cancer Research Institute, Department of Pathology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - W Nicol Keith
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Somaira Nowsheen
- Mayo Graduate School, Mayo Medical School, Mayo Clinic Medical Scientist Training Program, Rochester, MN, United States
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22
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Marzagalli M, Casati L, Moretti RM, Montagnani Marelli M, Limonta P. Estrogen Receptor β Agonists Differentially Affect the Growth of Human Melanoma Cell Lines. PLoS One 2015. [PMID: 26225426 PMCID: PMC4520550 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0134396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cutaneous melanoma is an aggressive malignancy; its incidence is increasing worldwide and its prognosis remains poor. Clinical observations indicate that estrogen receptor β (ERβ) is expressed in melanoma tissues and its expression decreases with tumor progression, suggesting its tumor suppressive function. These experiments were performed to investigate the effects of ERβ activation on melanoma cell growth. Methods and Results Protein expression was analyzed by Western blot and immunofluorescence assays. Cell proliferation was assessed by counting the cells by hemocytometer. ERβ transcriptional activity was evaluated by gene reporter assay. Global DNA methylation was analyzed by restriction enzyme assay and ERβ isoforms were identified by qRT-PCR. We demonstrated that ERβ is expressed in a panel of human melanoma cell lines (BLM, WM115, A375, WM1552). In BLM (NRAS-mutant) cells, ERβ agonists significantly and specifically inhibited cell proliferation. ERβ activation triggered its cytoplasmic-to-nuclear translocation and transcriptional activity. Moreover, the antiproliferative activity of ERβ agonists was associated with an altered expression of G1-S transition-related proteins. In these cells, global DNA was found to be hypomethylated when compared to normal melanocytes; this DNA hypomethylation status was reverted by ERβ activation. ERβ agonists also decreased the proliferation of WM115 (BRAF V600D-mutant) cells, while they failed to reduce the growth of A375 and WM1552 (BRAF V600E-mutant) cells. Finally, we could observe that ERβ isoforms are expressed at different levels in the various cell lines. Specific oncogenic mutations or differential expression of receptor isoforms might be responsible for the different responses of cell lines to ERβ agonists. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that ERβ is expressed in melanoma cell lines and that ERβ agonists differentially regulate the proliferation of these cells. These data confirm the notion that melanoma is a heterogeneous tumor and that genetic profiling is mandatory for the development of effective personalized therapeutic approaches for melanoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Marzagalli
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Lavinia Casati
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Roberta M. Moretti
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Marina Montagnani Marelli
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Patrizia Limonta
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
- * E-mail:
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23
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Filgueira CS, Benod C, Lou X, Gunamalai PS, Villagomez RA, Strom A, Gustafsson JÅ, Berkenstam AL, Webb P. A screening cascade to identify ERβ ligands. NUCLEAR RECEPTOR SIGNALING 2014; 12:e003. [PMID: 25422593 PMCID: PMC4242290 DOI: 10.1621/nrs.12003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The establishment of effective high throughput screening cascades to identify nuclear receptor (NR) ligands that will trigger defined, therapeutically useful sets of NR activities is of considerable importance. Repositioning of existing approved drugs with known side effect profiles can provide advantages because de novo drug design suffers from high developmental failure rates and undesirable side effects which have dramatically increased costs. Ligands that target estrogen receptor β (ERβ) could be useful in a variety of diseases ranging from cancer to neurological to cardiovascular disorders. In this context, it is important to minimize cross-reactivity with ERα, which has been shown to trigger increased rates of several types of cancer. Because of high sequence similarities between the ligand binding domains of ERα and ERβ, preferentially targeting one subtype can prove challenging. Here, we describe a sequential ligand screening approach comprised of complementary in-house assays to identify small molecules that are selective for ERβ. Methods include differential scanning fluorimetry, fluorescence polarization and a GAL4 transactivation assay. We used this strategy to screen several commercially-available chemical libraries, identifying thirty ERβ binders that were examined for their selectivity for ERβ versus ERα, and tested the effects of selected ligands in a prostate cancer cell proliferation assay. We suggest that this approach could be used to rapidly identify candidates for drug repurposing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carly S Filgueira
- Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute (CSF, CB, XL, PSG, RAV, ALB, PW) and Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, University of Houston (AS, JAG, ALB, PW), Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Cindy Benod
- Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute (CSF, CB, XL, PSG, RAV, ALB, PW) and Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, University of Houston (AS, JAG, ALB, PW), Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Xiaohua Lou
- Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute (CSF, CB, XL, PSG, RAV, ALB, PW) and Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, University of Houston (AS, JAG, ALB, PW), Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Prem S Gunamalai
- Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute (CSF, CB, XL, PSG, RAV, ALB, PW) and Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, University of Houston (AS, JAG, ALB, PW), Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Rosa A Villagomez
- Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute (CSF, CB, XL, PSG, RAV, ALB, PW) and Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, University of Houston (AS, JAG, ALB, PW), Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Anders Strom
- Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute (CSF, CB, XL, PSG, RAV, ALB, PW) and Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, University of Houston (AS, JAG, ALB, PW), Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jan-Åke Gustafsson
- Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute (CSF, CB, XL, PSG, RAV, ALB, PW) and Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, University of Houston (AS, JAG, ALB, PW), Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Anders L Berkenstam
- Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute (CSF, CB, XL, PSG, RAV, ALB, PW) and Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, University of Houston (AS, JAG, ALB, PW), Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Paul Webb
- Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute (CSF, CB, XL, PSG, RAV, ALB, PW) and Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, University of Houston (AS, JAG, ALB, PW), Houston, Texas, USA
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24
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Liu X, Giguère V. Inactivation of RARβ inhibits Wnt1-induced mammary tumorigenesis by suppressing epithelial-mesenchymal transitions. NUCLEAR RECEPTOR SIGNALING 2014; 12:e004. [PMID: 25422594 PMCID: PMC4242291 DOI: 10.1621/nrs.12004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Retinoic acid receptor β (RARβ) has been proposed to act as a tumor suppressor in
breast cancer. In contrast, recent data have shown that RARβ promotes ERBB2-induced mammary
gland tumorigenesis through remodeling of the stromal compartment and activation of
cancer-associated fibroblasts. However, it is currently unknown whether RARβ oncogenic
activity is specific to ERBB2-induced tumors, or whether it influences the initiation and
progression of other breast cancer subtypes. Accordingly, we set out to investigate the involvement
of RARβ in basal-like breast cancer using mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV)-wingless-related
integration site 1 (Wnt1)-induced mammary gland tumorigenesis as a model system. We found that
compared with wild type mice, inactivation of Rarb resulted in a lengthy delay in
Wnt1-induced mammary gland tumorigenesis and in a significantly slower tumor growth
rate. Ablation of Rarb altered the composition of the stroma, repressed the
activation of cancer-associated fibroblasts, and reduced the recruitment of inflammatory cells and
angiogenesis. Reduced expression of IGF-1 and activity of its downstream signaling pathway
contribute to attenuate EMT in the Rarb-null tumors. Our results show that, in the
absence of retinoid signaling via RARβ, reduced IGF-1 signaling results in suppression of
epithelial-mesenchymal transition and delays tumorigenesis induced by the Wnt1
oncogene. Accordingly, our work reinforces the concept that antagonizing RARβ-dependent
retinoid signaling could provide a therapeutic avenue to treat poor outcome breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingxing Liu
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, 1160 Pine Avenue West, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3A 1A3 (XL, VG) and Departments of Biochemistry, Medicine and Oncology, 3655 Promenade Sir William Osler, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3G 1Y6 (VG), Canada
| | - Vincent Giguère
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, 1160 Pine Avenue West, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3A 1A3 (XL, VG) and Departments of Biochemistry, Medicine and Oncology, 3655 Promenade Sir William Osler, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3G 1Y6 (VG), Canada
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25
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McDonnell DP, Park S, Goulet MT, Jasper J, Wardell SE, Chang CY, Norris JD, Guyton JR, Nelson ER. Obesity, cholesterol metabolism, and breast cancer pathogenesis. Cancer Res 2014; 74:4976-82. [PMID: 25060521 PMCID: PMC4167494 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-14-1756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Obesity and altered lipid metabolism are risk factors for breast cancer in pre- and post-menopausal women. These pathologic relationships have been attributed in part to the impact of cholesterol on the biophysical properties of cell membranes and to the influence of these changes on signaling events initiated at the membrane. However, more recent studies have indicated that the oxysterol 27-hydroxycholesterol (27HC), and not cholesterol per se, may be the primary biochemical link between lipid metabolism and cancer. The enzyme responsible for production of 27HC from cholesterol, CYP27A1, is expressed primarily in the liver and in macrophages. In addition, significantly elevated expression of this enzyme within breast tumors has also been observed. It is believed that 27HC, acting through the liver X receptor in macrophages and possibly other cells, is involved in maintaining organismal cholesterol homeostasis. It has also been shown recently that 27HC is an estrogen receptor agonist in breast cancer cells and that it stimulates the growth and metastasis of tumors in several models of breast cancer. These findings provide the rationale for the clinical evaluation of pharmaceutical approaches that interfere with cholesterol/27HC synthesis as a means to mitigate the impact of cholesterol on breast cancer pathogenesis. Cancer Res; 74(18); 4976-82. ©2014 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald P McDonnell
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina.
| | - Sunghee Park
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Matthew T Goulet
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Jeff Jasper
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Suzanne E Wardell
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Ching-Yi Chang
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - John D Norris
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - John R Guyton
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Erik R Nelson
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois
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Liang Y, Besch-Williford C, Aebi JD, Mafuvadze B, Cook MT, Zou X, Hyder SM. Cholesterol biosynthesis inhibitors as potent novel anti-cancer agents: suppression of hormone-dependent breast cancer by the oxidosqualene cyclase inhibitor RO 48-8071. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2014; 146:51-62. [PMID: 24878988 PMCID: PMC11121502 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-014-2996-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In most human breast cancers, tumor cell proliferation is estrogen dependent. Although hormone-responsive tumors initially respond to anti-estrogen therapies, most of them eventually develop resistance. Our goal was to identify alternative targets that might be regulated to control breast cancer progression. Sulforhodamine B assay was used to measure the viability of cultured human breast cancer cell lines exposed to various inhibitors. Protein expression in whole-cell extracts was determined by Western blotting. BT-474 tumor xenografts in nude mice were used for in vivo studies of tumor progression. RO 48-8071 ([4'-[6-(Allylmethylamino)hexyloxy]-4-bromo-2'-fluorobenzophenone fumarate]; RO), a small-molecule inhibitor of oxidosqualene cyclase (OSC, a key enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis), potently reduced breast cancer cell viability. In vitro exposure of estrogen receptor (ER)-positive human breast cancer cells to pharmacological levels of RO or a dose close to the IC50 for OSC (nM) reduced cell viability. Administration of RO to mice with BT-474 tumor xenografts prevented tumor growth, with no apparent toxicity. RO degraded ERα while concomitantly inducing the anti-proliferative protein ERβ. Two other cholesterol-lowering drugs, Fluvastatin and Simvastatin, were less effective in reducing breast cancer cell viability and were found not to induce ERβ. ERβ inhibition or knockdown prevented RO-dependent loss of cell viability. Importantly, RO had no effect on the viability of normal human mammary cells. RO is a potent inhibitor of hormone-dependent human breast cancer cell proliferation. The anti-tumor properties of RO appear to be in part due to an off-target effect that increases the ratio of ERβ/ERα in breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yayun Liang
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
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Madeira KP, Daltoé RD, Sirtoli GM, Carvalho AA, Rangel LBA, Silva IV. Estrogen receptor alpha (ERS1) SNPs c454-397T>C (PvuII) and c454-351A>G (XbaI) are risk biomarkers for breast cancer development. Mol Biol Rep 2014; 41:5459-66. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-014-3419-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2013] [Accepted: 05/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Abstract
Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP1) is an abundant, ubiquitously expressed NAD(+)-dependent nuclear enzyme that has prognostic value for a multitude of human cancers. PARP1 activity serves to poly (ADP-ribose)-ylate the vast majority of known client proteins and affects a number of cellular and biologic outcomes, by mediating the DNA damage response (DDR), base-excision repair (BER), and DNA strand break (DSB) pathways. PARP1 is also critically important for the maintenance of genomic integrity, as well as chromatin dynamics and transcriptional regulation. Evidence also indicates that PARP-directed therapeutics are "synthetic lethal" in BRCA1/2-deficient model systems. Strikingly, recent studies have unearthed exciting new transcriptional-regulatory roles for PARP1, which has profound implications for human malignancies and will be reviewed herein.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karen E Knudsen
- Kimmel Cancer Center, Departments of Cancer Biology, Urology, and Radiation Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Abstract
Most lymphomas show an increased incidence and poorer prognosis in males vs females, suggesting endocrine regulation. We have previously shown that tumor growth in vivo of a murine T-cell-derived lymphoma is repressed following activation of estrogen receptor β (ERβ, ESR2). By using ERβ-deficient mice, we now demonstrate that this inhibition is mediated via a direct effect on the tumor cells and not on the microenvironment. Furthermore, we show that the growth-suppressing effects of ERβ agonist are also valid for human B-cell lymphomas as demonstrated in tumors derived from Granta-519 mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) and Raji Burkitt lymphoma (BL) cells. In Granta-519 MCL tumors, activation of ERβ reduced expression of BAFF and GRB7, 2 important molecules involved in B-cell proliferation and survival. Importantly, activation of ERβ inhibited angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis, possibly mediated by impaired vascular endothelial growth factor C expression. Furthermore, using disseminating Raji BL cells, we show that ERβ activation reduces dissemination of grafted Raji BL tumors. We also show by immunohistochemistry that ERβ is expressed in primary MCL tissue. These results suggest that targeting ERβ with agonists may be valuable in the treatment of some lymphomas, affecting several aspects of the malignant process, including proliferation, vascularization, and dissemination.
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Marino M. Xenoestrogens challenge 17β-estradiol protective effects in colon cancer. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2014; 6:67-73. [PMID: 24653796 PMCID: PMC3955780 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v6.i3.67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2013] [Revised: 01/10/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Several epidemiological, cellular, and molecular studies demonstrate the role of environmental chemicals with endocrine disrupting activities, typical of Westernized societies, in the pathogenesis of numerous diseases including cancer. Nonetheless this information, the design and execution of studies on endocrine disruptors are not yet cognizant that the specific actions of individual hormones often change with development and ageing, they may be different in males and females and may be mediated by different receptors isoforms expressed in different tissues or at different life stages. These statements are particularly true when assessing the hazard of endocrine disruptors against 17β-estradiol (E2) actions in that this hormone is crucial determinant of sex-related differences in anatomical, physiological, and behavioral traits which characterize male and female physiology. Moreover, E2 is also involved in carcinogenesis. The oncogenic effects of E2 have been investigated extensively in breast and ovarian cancers where hormone-receptor modulators are now an integral part of targeted treatment. Little is known about the E2 preventive signalling in colorectal cancer, although this disease is more common in men than women, the difference being more striking amongst pre-menopausal women and age-matched men. This review aims to dissect the role and action mechanisms of E2 in colorectal cancer evaluating the ability of estrogen disruptors (i.e., xenoestrogens) in impair these E2 actions. Data discussed here lead to define the possible role of xenoestrogens in the impairment and/or activation of E2 signals important for colorectal cancer prevention.
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Rizza P, Barone I, Zito D, Giordano F, Lanzino M, De Amicis F, Mauro L, Sisci D, Catalano S, Dahlman Wright K, Gustafsson JA, Andò S. Estrogen receptor beta as a novel target of androgen receptor action in breast cancer cell lines. Breast Cancer Res 2014; 16:R21. [PMID: 24552459 PMCID: PMC3978907 DOI: 10.1186/bcr3619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The two isoforms of estrogen receptor (ER) alpha and beta play opposite roles in regulating proliferation and differentiation of breast cancers, with ER-alpha mediating mitogenic effects and ER-beta acting as a tumor suppressor. Emerging data have reported that androgen receptor (AR) activation inhibits ER-positive breast cancer progression mainly by antagonizing ER-alpha signaling. However, to date no studies have specifically evaluated a potential involvement of ER-beta in the inhibitory effects of androgens. METHODS ER-beta expression was examined in human breast cancer cell lines using real-time PCR, Western blotting and small interfering RNA (siRNA) assays. Mutagenesis studies, electromobility shift assay (EMSA) and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) analysis were performed to assess the effects of mibolerone/AR on ER-beta promoter activity and binding. RESULTS In this study, we demonstrate that mibolerone, a synthetic androgen ligand, up-regulates ER-beta mRNA and protein levels in ER-positive breast cancer cells. Transient transfection experiments, using a vector containing the human ER-beta promoter region, show that mibolerone increases basal ER-beta promoter activity. Site-directed mutagenesis and deletion analysis reveal that an androgen response element (ARE), TGTTCT motif located at positions -383 and -377, is critical for mibolerone-induced ER-beta up-regulation in breast cancer cells. This occurs through an increased recruitment of AR to the ARE site within the ER-beta promoter region, along with an enhanced occupancy of RNA polymerase II. Finally, silencing of ER-beta gene expression by RNA interference is able to partially reverse the effects of mibolerone on cell proliferation, p21 and cyclin D1 expression. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, these data provide evidence for a novel mechanism by which activated AR, through an up-regulation of ER-beta gene expression, inhibits breast cancer cell growth.
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Chaudhary SC, Singh T, Talwelkar SS, Srivastava RK, Arumugam A, Weng Z, Elmets CA, Afaq F, Kopelovich L, Athar M. Erb-041, an estrogen receptor-β agonist, inhibits skin photocarcinogenesis in SKH-1 hairless mice by downregulating the WNT signaling pathway. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2014; 7:186-98. [PMID: 24217507 PMCID: PMC3946228 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-13-0276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Estrogen receptors (ER), including ER-α and ER-β, are known to regulate multiple biologic responses in various cell types. The expression of ER-β is lost in various cancers. ER-β agonists were shown to modulate inflammation, cancer cell proliferation, and differentiation. Here, we investigated the cancer chemopreventive properties of Erb-041, an ER-β agonist, using a model of UVB-induced photocarcinogenesis in SKH-1 mice. Erb-041 significantly reduced UVB-induced carcinogenesis. Tumor numbers and volume were reduced by 60% and 84%, respectively, in the Erb-041-treated group as compared with UVB (alone) control. This inhibition in tumorigenesis was accompanied by the decrease in proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), cyclin D1, VEGF, and CD31, and an increase in apoptosis. The lost ER-β expression in squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) was significantly recovered by Erb-041 treatment. In addition, the UVB-induced inflammatory responses were remarkably reduced. Myeloperoxidase activity, levels of cytokines (interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and IL-10), and expression of p-ERK (extracellular signal-regulated kinase) 1/2, p-p38, p-IκB, iNOS, COX-2, and nuclear NF-κBp65 were diminished. The number of tumor-associated inflammatory cells (GR-1(+)/CD11b(+) and F4/80(+)) was also decreased. Tumors excised from Erb-041-treated animal were less invasive and showed reduced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). The enhanced expression of E-cadherin with the concomitantly reduced expression of N-cadherin, Snail, Slug, and Twist characterized these lesions. The WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway, which underlies pathogenesis of skin cancer, was found to be downregulated by Erb-041 treatment. Similar but not identical changes in proliferation and EMT regulatory proteins were noticed following treatment of tumor cells with a WNT signaling inhibitor XAV939. Our results show that Erb-041 is a potent skin cancer chemopreventive agent that acts by dampening the WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep C Chaudhary
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1530 3rd Avenue South, VH 509, Birmingham, AL 35294-0019.
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Robb EL, Stuart JA. The stilbenes resveratrol, pterostilbene and piceid affect growth and stress resistance in mammalian cells via a mechanism requiring estrogen receptor beta and the induction of Mn-superoxide dismutase. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2014; 98:164-173. [PMID: 24361291 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2013.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2013] [Revised: 11/25/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The mitochondrial antioxidant enzyme, Mn superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), has been shown to confer cytoprotection and to regulate cell cycle progression. Resveratrol, a phytoestrogen found in red wines and other foods, has been previously reported to increase MnSOD protein levels and activity both in vitro and in vivo. Numerous structural analogues of resveratrol produced via the same stilbene synthesis pathway (e.g. pterostilbene and piceid) and also present in foods and red wine may be capable of eliciting the same effects. Furthermore, in humans resveratrol is rapidly metabolized to resveratrol-4'-sulfate, resveratrol-3-glucuronide and other metabolites in vivo. Although these metabolites may accumulate to relatively high levels in plasma and tissues, little is known about their biological activities. Here the activities were compared of these stilbenes and stilbene metabolites in mammalian cells. Two key cellular activities associated with resveratrol were examined: inhibition of proliferative growth and increased stress resistance (important anti-cancer and cell protective activities, respectively). While resveratrol-4'-sulfate and resveratrol-3-glucuronide had no effect on either cell growth or stress resistance, both pterostilbene and piceid were at least as effective as resveratrol. Using pharmacological and genetic approaches, it was found that the effects of pterostilbene and piceid required an induction of the mitochondrial enzyme MnSOD and intact mitochondrial respiration. In addition, using estrogen receptor beta (ERbeta) knockout mouse myoblasts, it was demonstrated that the effects of stilbene compounds on cell growth and stress resistance all require ERbeta. Taken together, these results indicate that resveratrol, pterostilbene and piceid all activate the same mitochondrial response in mammalian cells, and therefore these latter two molecules might be as effective as resveratrol in eliciting positive health outcomes in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen L Robb
- Department of Biological Sciences and Cold Climate Oenology and Viticulture Institute, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Jeffrey A Stuart
- Department of Biological Sciences and Cold Climate Oenology and Viticulture Institute, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada.
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Piccolella M, Crippa V, Messi E, Tetel MJ, Poletti A. Modulators of estrogen receptor inhibit proliferation and migration of prostate cancer cells. Pharmacol Res 2013; 79:13-20. [PMID: 24184124 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2013.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2013] [Revised: 10/22/2013] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In the initial stages, human prostate cancer (PC) is an androgen-sensitive disease, which can be pharmacologically controlled by androgen blockade. This therapy often induces selection of androgen-independent PC cells with increased invasiveness. We recently demonstrated, both in cells and mice, that a testosterone metabolite locally synthetized in prostate, the 5α-androstane-3β, 17β-diol (3β-Adiol), inhibits PC cell proliferation, migration and invasion, acting as an anti-proliferative/anti-metastatic agent. 3β-Adiol is unable to bind androgen receptor (AR), but exerts its protection against PC by specifically interacting with estrogen receptor beta (ERβ). Because of its potential retro-conversion to androgenic steroids, 3β-Adiol cannot be used "in vivo", thus, the aims of this study were to investigate the capability of four ligands of ERβ (raloxifen, tamoxifen, genistein and curcumin) to counteract PC progression by mimicking the 3β-Adiol activity. Our results demonstrated that raloxifen, tamoxifen, genistein and curcumin decreased DU145 and PC3 cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner; in addition, all four compounds significantly decreased the detachment of cells seeded on laminin or fibronectin. Moreover, raloxifen, tamoxifen, genistein and curcumin-treated DU145 and PC3 cells showed a significant decrease in cell migration. Notably, all these effects were reversed by the anti-estrogen, ICI 182,780, suggesting that their actions are mediated by the estrogenic pathway, via the ERβ, the only isoform present in these PCs. In conclusion, these data demonstrate that by selectively activating the ERβ, raloxifen, tamoxifen, genistein and curcumin inhibit human PC cells proliferation and migration favoring cell adesion. These synthetic and natural modulators of ER action may exert a potent protective activity against the progression of PC even in its androgen-independent status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margherita Piccolella
- Sezione di Biomedicina e Endocrinologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari (DiSFeB), Centro di Eccellenza sulle Malattie Neurodegenerative, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
| | - Valeria Crippa
- Sezione di Biomedicina e Endocrinologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari (DiSFeB), Centro di Eccellenza sulle Malattie Neurodegenerative, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
| | - Elio Messi
- Sezione di Biomedicina e Endocrinologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari (DiSFeB), Centro di Eccellenza sulle Malattie Neurodegenerative, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
| | - Marc J Tetel
- Neuroscience Program, Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA, USA
| | - Angelo Poletti
- Sezione di Biomedicina e Endocrinologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari (DiSFeB), Centro di Eccellenza sulle Malattie Neurodegenerative, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy.
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Yang X, Belosay A, Du M, Fan TM, Turner RT, Iwaniec UT, Helferich WG. Estradiol increases ER-negative breast cancer metastasis in an experimental model. Clin Exp Metastasis 2013; 30:711-21. [PMID: 24096710 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-012-9559-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2012] [Accepted: 11/25/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer affecting women in the United States and metastatic breast cancer is the leading cause of death. The role estradiol plays in ER-positive BC is well-documented, but the way it contributes to ER-negative BC remains unclear. In the present study, we utilized an experimental model of BC metastasis into lung by injecting ER-negative murine 4T1 cells into mice via the lateral tail vein. A 56 % metastasis occurrence rate following the injection of 5 × 10(3) cells was observed, thus this cell number was selected to study the potential stimulatory effect of estradiol on ER-negative BC metastasis. Female ovariectomized mice were randomized into estradiol and control groups with 16 mice per group, and estradiol pellets were implanted subcutaneously in the estradiol group. Results demonstrated that estradiol accelerated BC metastasis as indicated by bioluminescent imaging. In addition, estradiol enhanced metastatic tumor colony formation and increased the size of tumor nodules in the lungs, which were due, in part, to the increase in proliferative cells in the metastatic tumors. In vitro, estradiol increased the motility and invasion of 4T1 cells, and the stimulatory effect on cell motility was not blocked by ICI 182, 780, confirming that ER was not involved in the process. Results from the present study suggest that estradiol plays a role in ER-negative BC metastasis in whole animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xujuan Yang
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
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Madeira M, Mattar A, Logullo AF, Soares FA, Gebrim LH. Estrogen receptor alpha/beta ratio and estrogen receptor beta as predictors of endocrine therapy responsiveness-a randomized neoadjuvant trial comparison between anastrozole and tamoxifen for the treatment of postmenopausal breast cancer. BMC Cancer 2013; 13:425. [PMID: 24047421 PMCID: PMC3851532 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-13-425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2013] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of estrogen receptor beta (ER-β) in breast cancer (BC) remains unclear. Some studies have suggested that ER-β may oppose the actions of estrogen receptor alpha (ER-α), and clinical evidence has indicated that the loss of ER-β expression is associated with a poor prognosis and resistance to endocrine therapy. The objective of the present study was to determine the role of ER-β and the ER-α/ER-β ratio in predicting the response to endocrine therapy and whether different regimens have any effect on ER-β expression levels. METHODS Ninety postmenopausal patients with primary BC were recruited for a short-term double-blinded randomized prospective controlled study. To determine tumor cell proliferation, we measured the expression of Ki67 in tumor biopsy samples taken before and after 26 days of treatment with anastrozole 1 mg/day (N = 25), tamoxifen 20 mg/day (N = 24) or placebo (N = 29) of 78 participants. The pre- and post-samples were placed in tissue microarray blocks and submitted for immunohistochemical assay. Biomarker statuses (ER-β, ER-α and Ki67) were obtained by comparing each immunohistochemical evaluation of the pre- and post-surgery samples using the semi-quantitative Allred's method. Statistical analyses were performed using an ANOVA and Spearman's correlation coefficient tests, with significance at p ≤ 0.05. RESULTS The frequency of ER-β expression did not change after treatment (p = 0.33). There were no significant changes in Ki67 levels in ER-β-negative cases (p = 0.45), but in the ER-β-positive cases, the anastrozole (p = 0.01) and tamoxifen groups (p = 0.04) presented a significant reduction in post-treatment Ki67 scores. There was a weak but positive correlation between the ER-α and ER-β expression levels. Only patients with an ER-α/ER-β expression ratio between 1 and 1.5 demonstrated significant differences in Ki67 levels after treatment with anastrozole (p = 0.005) and tamoxifen (p = 0.026). CONCLUSIONS Our results provide additional data that indicate that the measurement of ER-β in BC patients may help predict tamoxifen and anastrozole responsiveness in the neoadjuvant setting. These effects of hormonal treatment appear to be dependent on the ratio of ER-α/ER-β expression. TRIAL REGISTRATION Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN89801719.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Madeira
- Senology Discipline, Department of Gynecology, Federal University of Sao Paulo-UNIFESP, R, Botucatu, 740, 04023-900 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Li C, Zhou X, Sun Y, Zhang E, Mancini JD, Parkhitko A, Morrison TA, Silverman EK, Henske EP, Yu JJ. Faslodex inhibits estradiol-induced extracellular matrix dynamics and lung metastasis in a model of lymphangioleiomyomatosis. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2013; 49:135-42. [PMID: 23526212 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2012-0476oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a destructive lung disease primarily affecting women. Genetic studies indicate that LAM cells carry inactivating tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC)-2 mutations, and metastasize to the lung. We previously discovered that estradiol increases the metastasis of TSC2-deficient cells in mice carrying xenograft tumors. Here, we investigate the molecular basis underlying the estradiol-induced lung metastasis of TSC2-deficient cells, and test the efficacy of Faslodex (an estrogen receptor antagonist) in a preclinical model of LAM. We used a xenograft tumor model in which estradiol induces the lung metastasis of TSC2-deficient cells. We analyzed the impact of Faslodex on tumor size, the extracellular matrix organization, the expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, and lung metastasis. We also examined the effects of estradiol and Faslodex on MMP2 expression and activity in tuberin-deficient cells in vitro. Estradiol resulted in a marked reduction of Type IV collagen deposition in xenograft tumors, associated with 2-fold greater MMP2 concentrations compared with placebo-treated mice. Faslodex normalized the Type IV collagen changes in xenograft tumors, enhanced the survival of the mice, and completely blocked lung metastases. In vitro, estradiol enhanced MMP2 transcripts, protein accumulation, and activity. These estradiol-induced changes in MMP2 were blocked by Faslodex. In TSC2-deficient cells, estradiol increased MMP2 concentrations in vitro and in vivo, and induced extracellular matrix remodeling. Faslodex inhibits the estradiol-induced lung metastasis of TSC2-deficient cells. Targeting estrogen receptors with Faslodex may be of efficacy in the treatment of LAM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenggang Li
- Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Lee MT, Ouyang B, Ho SM, Leung YK. Differential expression of estrogen receptor beta isoforms in prostate cancer through interplay between transcriptional and translational regulation. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2013; 376:125-35. [PMID: 23806560 PMCID: PMC4319372 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2013.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2013] [Revised: 05/17/2013] [Accepted: 06/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Estrogen receptor β (ERβ) and its isoforms have different putative functions and expression patterns in prostate cancer. Current studies on 5'-most exons, 0K and 0N, show that their respective promoters are actively involved in transcription. These data, however, do not explain why ERβ isoforms are differentially expressed in normal and cancerous tissues, since 0K and 0N transcripts are detectable in clinical specimens. Various combinations of 5' untranslated exons, termed exon 0Xs, associate with promoter 0K only and exon 0Xs accommodate upstream open reading frames (uORFs) reducing protein expression. Moreover, ERβ1, 2, and 5 are transcriptionally linked to promoter 0K; exon 0Xs are spliced only into ERβ2 and ERβ5 transcripts, suggesting that their expressions are regulated post-transcriptionally by exon 0Xs. This study reveals that expression of ERβ1 is regulated primarily at the transcriptional level, whereas that of ERβ2 and ERβ5 is controlled by the interplay between transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Tsung Lee
- Division of Environmental Genetics and Molecular Toxicology, Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Bin Ouyang
- Division of Environmental Genetics and Molecular Toxicology, Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
- Cincinnati Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Shuk-Mei Ho
- Division of Environmental Genetics and Molecular Toxicology, Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
- Center for Environmental Genetics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
- Cancer Institute, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
- Cincinnati Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
- Corresponding authors: Shuk-Mei Ho, PhD, Room 130, Kettering Laboratory Complex, 3223 Eden Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45267., Phone: (513) 558-5701, Fax: (513) 558-5155, . Yuet-Kin Leung, PhD, Room 331, Kettering Laboratory Complex, 3223 Eden Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45267., Phone: (513) 558-5181, Fax: (513) 558-5155,
| | - Yuet-Kin Leung
- Division of Environmental Genetics and Molecular Toxicology, Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
- Center for Environmental Genetics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
- Cancer Institute, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
- Corresponding authors: Shuk-Mei Ho, PhD, Room 130, Kettering Laboratory Complex, 3223 Eden Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45267., Phone: (513) 558-5701, Fax: (513) 558-5155, . Yuet-Kin Leung, PhD, Room 331, Kettering Laboratory Complex, 3223 Eden Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45267., Phone: (513) 558-5181, Fax: (513) 558-5155,
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Lattrich C, Stegerer A, Häring J, Schüler S, Ortmann O, Treeck O. Estrogen receptor β agonists affect growth and gene expression of human breast cancer cell lines. Steroids 2013; 78:195-202. [PMID: 23153457 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2012.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2012] [Revised: 09/14/2012] [Accepted: 10/08/2012] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Expression of estrogen receptor β (ERβ) has been described to reduce growth of cancer cell lines derived from hormone-dependent tumors, like breast cancer. In this study we tested to what extent two ERβ agonists, androgen derivative 3β-Adiol and flavonoid Liquiritigenin, would affect growth and gene expression of different ERβ-positive human breast cancer cell lines. Under standard cell culture conditions, we observed 3β-Adiol to inhibit growth of MCF-7 cells in a dose-dependent manner, whereas growth of BT-474 and MCF-10A cells was suppressed by the maximum concentration (100 nM) only. When treated in serum-free medium, all cell lines except of MDA-MB-231 were responsive to 1 nM 3β-Adiol, and ZR75-1 cells exhibited a dose-dependent antiproliferative response. Providing putative mechanisms underlying the observed growth-inhibitory effect, expression of Ki-67 or cyclins A2 and B1 was downregulated after 3β-Adiol treatment in all responsive lines. In contrast, treatment with lower doses of Liquiritigenin did not affect growth. In MCF-7 cells, the highest dose of this flavonoid exerted proliferative effects accompanied by increased expression of cyclin B1, PR and PS2, indicating unspecific activation of ERα. In conclusion, the ERβ agonists tested exerted distinct concentration-dependent and cell line-specific effects on growth and gene expression. The observed inhibitory effects of 3β-Adiol on breast cancer cell growth encourage further studies on the potential of this and other ERβ agonists as targeted drugs for breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claus Lattrich
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
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40
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Biology and Clinical Relevance of Estrogen Receptors in Prostate Cancer. Prostate Cancer 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-6828-8_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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41
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Kitagishi Y, Kobayashi M, Matsuda S. Defective DNA repair systems and the development of breast and prostate cancer (review). Int J Oncol 2012; 42:29-34. [PMID: 23151935 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2012.1696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2012] [Accepted: 10/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic defects in DNA repair and DNA damage response genes often lead to an increase in cancer incidence. The role of defects is also associated with the modulation of hormone signaling pathways. A number of studies have suggested a role for estrogen in the regulation of DNA repair activity. Furthermore, mutations or epigenetic silencing in DNA repair genes have been associated with the sensitivity of cancers to hormonal therapy. The molecular basis for the progression of cancers from hormone-dependent to hormone-independent remains a critical issue in the management of these types of cancer. In the present review, we aimed to summarize the function of DNA repair molecules from the viewpoint of carcinogenesis and hormone-related cell modulation, providing a comprehensive view of the molecular mechanisms by which hormones may exert their effects on the regulation of tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuko Kitagishi
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Nara Women's University, Nara, Japan
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42
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Nadal-Serrano M, Sastre-Serra J, Pons DG, Miró AM, Oliver J, Roca P. The ERalpha/ERbeta ratio determines oxidative stress in breast cancer cell lines in response to 17Beta-estradiol. J Cell Biochem 2012; 113:3178-85. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.24192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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43
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Impact of ERβ and CD44 expression on the prognosis of patients with stage II colon cancer. Tumour Biol 2012; 33:1907-14. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-012-0451-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2012] [Accepted: 06/25/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
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44
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Lam HM, Babu CS, Wang J, Yuan Y, Lam YW, Ho SM, Leung YK. Phosphorylation of human estrogen receptor-beta at serine 105 inhibits breast cancer cell migration and invasion. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2012; 358:27-35. [PMID: 22370157 PMCID: PMC3348253 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2012.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2011] [Revised: 01/20/2012] [Accepted: 02/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Multiple phosphorylation sites on the human estrogen receptor (hER)α were identified and shown to influence mammary carcinogenesis. In contrast, functional phosphorylation sites of hERβ have yet to be experimentally identified and validated. Here, using mass spectrometry, we uncovered three serines (S75, S87, and S105) in the N-terminus of hERβ as targets of ERK1/2 and p38 kinases. We raised a specific antibody against phosphorylated S105 (pS105) and demonstrated that this site was endogenously phosphorylated in MDA-MB-231 and BT-474 cells. A phospho-mimetic mutant generated from hERβ1 was found to exhibit higher transactivation activity than hERβ1. Ectopic expression of this mutant inhibited cell migration and invasion, but did not affect cell growth and cell-cycle progression in these cell models. In breast cancer specimens, pS105-hERβ immunoreactivity was detected with a higher prevalence and intensity than that of hERβ1. These results underscore the functional importance of the first experimentally identified hERβ-phosphorylation site in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Ming Lam
- Division of Environmental Genetics and Molecular Toxicology, Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45267
| | - C.V. Suresh Babu
- Division of Environmental Genetics and Molecular Toxicology, Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45267
| | - Jiang Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45267
| | - Yong Yuan
- Division of Environmental Genetics and Molecular Toxicology, Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45267
| | - Ying-Wai Lam
- Division of Environmental Genetics and Molecular Toxicology, Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45267
- Center for Environmental Genetics, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45267
| | - Shuk-Mei Ho
- Division of Environmental Genetics and Molecular Toxicology, Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45267
- Center for Environmental Genetics, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45267
- Cincinnati Cancer Center, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45267
- Cincinnati Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45220
- To whom correspondence should be addressed (co-corresponding authors): Yuet-Kin Leung, Ph.D., Division of Environmental Genetics and Molecular Toxicology, Kettering Complex, Room 331, 3223 Eden Avenue, Department of Environmental Health, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, PO Box 670056, Cincinnati, OH 45267, Tel: 513- 558-5181, Fax: 513-558-5155, , Shuk-Mei Ho, Ph.D., Kettering Complex, Room 128, 3223 Eden Avenue, Department of Environmental Health, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, PO Box 670056, Cincinnati, OH 45267, Tel: 513- 558-5701, Fax: 513-558-5155,
| | - Yuet-Kin Leung
- Division of Environmental Genetics and Molecular Toxicology, Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45267
- Center for Environmental Genetics, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45267
- Cincinnati Cancer Center, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45267
- To whom correspondence should be addressed (co-corresponding authors): Yuet-Kin Leung, Ph.D., Division of Environmental Genetics and Molecular Toxicology, Kettering Complex, Room 331, 3223 Eden Avenue, Department of Environmental Health, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, PO Box 670056, Cincinnati, OH 45267, Tel: 513- 558-5181, Fax: 513-558-5155, , Shuk-Mei Ho, Ph.D., Kettering Complex, Room 128, 3223 Eden Avenue, Department of Environmental Health, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, PO Box 670056, Cincinnati, OH 45267, Tel: 513- 558-5701, Fax: 513-558-5155,
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Song X, Pan ZZ. Estrogen receptor-beta agonist diarylpropionitrile counteracts the estrogenic activity of estrogen receptor-alpha agonist propylpyrazole-triol in the mammary gland of ovariectomized Sprague Dawley rats. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2012; 130:26-35. [PMID: 22266284 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2011.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2011] [Revised: 12/23/2011] [Accepted: 12/27/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Although estrogen can bind both types of estrogen receptors, estrogen receptor-alpha (ERα) is dominant in mediating estrogenic activity in the mammary gland and uterus. Excessive estrogenic activity such as estrogen-based postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy increases the risk for breast and endometrial cancers. The adverse effect of estrogen on uterine endometrium can be opposed by progestins; however, estrogen-plus-progestin regimen imposes substantially greater risk for breast cancer than estrogen alone. In this study, we used ERα-selective agonist propylpyrazole-triol (PPT) and ERβ-selective agonist diarylpropionitrile (DPN) to activate ERα and estrogen receptor-beta (ERβ) separately in an ovariectomized rat model and determined whether PPT-activated ERα function in the mammary gland can be suppressed by DPN activated ERβ. Ovariectomized rats were randomly divided into six groups and treated with DMSO (control), DPN, PPT, PPT/DPN, PPT/Progesterone, and PPT/Progesterone/DPN, respectively. In the mammary gland, PPT but not DPN increased cell proliferation and amphiregulin gene expression; importantly, the stimulatory effect of PPT on mammary cell proliferation and amphiregulin gene expression can be suppressed by DPN. In the uterus, the effect of PPT on uterine weight and endometrial cell proliferation was not inhibited by DPN but can be inhibited by progesterone. These data provide in vivo evidence that PPT activated ERα activity in the mammary gland can be opposed by ERβ-selective agonist DPN, which may be explored for the development of better hormone replacement therapy regimen with less risk for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozheng Song
- Department of Animal Science, Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
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Bulzomi P, Galluzzo P, Bolli A, Leone S, Acconcia F, Marino M. The pro-apoptotic effect of quercetin in cancer cell lines requires ERβ-dependent signals. J Cell Physiol 2012; 227:1891-8. [PMID: 21732360 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.22917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Quercetin has potentially beneficial effects on disease prevention, including cancer. An intriguing issue regarding the mechanisms of action of quercetin is the ability of this drug to modulate estrogen receptor (ER) activities. In a previous study, we demonstrated that quercetin elicited apoptosis through an ERα-dependent mechanism. However, the contribution of ERβ in quercetin-induced apoptosis remains elusive. Here, we report that quercetin, at nutritionally relevant concentrations, mimicked the 17β-estradiol (E2)-induced apoptotic effect in both ERβ1-transfected HeLa and in ERβ1-containing DLD-1 colon cancer cell lines by inducing the activation of p38. p38 activation is responsible for pro-apoptotic activation of caspase-3 and the cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase. Notably, no inactivation or downregulation of the survival kinases (i.e., AKT and ERK1/2) or the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2 was observed after quercetin stimulation. On the contrary, quercetin acted similarly to E2 by increasing the levels of the oncosuppressor protein PTEN and by impeding ERβ-dependent cyclin D1 promoter activity, which subsequently resulted in the transcription of the estrogen-responsive element remaining unchanged. As a whole, these data indicate that quercetin mimics the E2 effects in the presence of ERβ1, thus maintaining its anti-carcinogenic potential. In addition, the quercetin pro-apoptotic action in the presence of ERα may render it as a dual-sided protective agent against E2-related cancer in the reduction of tumour growth in organs that express ERα and/or ERβ.
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Marzioni M, Torrice A, Saccomanno S, Rychlicki C, Agostinelli L, Pierantonelli I, Rhönnstad P, Trozzi L, Apelqvist T, Gentile R, Candelaresi C, Fava G, Semeraro R, Benedetti A, Gaudio E, Franchitto A, Onori P, De Minicis S, Carpino G, Kallin E, Alvaro D, Nilsson S. An oestrogen receptor β-selective agonist exerts anti-neoplastic effects in experimental intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Dig Liver Dis 2012; 44:134-42. [PMID: 21782536 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2011.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2011] [Revised: 05/31/2011] [Accepted: 06/12/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cholangiocarcinoma cells over-express oestrogen receptor-β, which displays anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects. AIM To evaluate the effects of a newly developed and highly selective oestrogen receptor-β agonist (KB9520) on experimental intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. METHODS In vitro, the effects of KB9520 on apoptosis and proliferation of HuH-28 cells, HuH-28 cells with selective oestrogen receptor-β silencing (by small interfering RNA), HepG2 cells (oestrogen receptor-α and oestrogen receptor-β negative) and HepER3 cells (HepG2 cells transformed to stably express oestrogen receptor-α) were evaluated. In vivo, the effects of KB9520 on experimental intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, induced by thioacetamide administration were tested. RESULTS In vitro, KB9520 induced apoptosis and inhibited proliferation of HuH-28 cells. KB9520 effects were absent in cells lacking oestrogen receptor-α and β (HepG2) and in cells expressing only oestrogen receptor-α (HepER3); its pro-apoptotic effect was impaired in cells where oestrogen receptor-β expression was decreased by specific small interfering RNA. In vivo, KB9520 inhibited experimental intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma development in thioacetamide-treated rats and promoted tumour regression in rats where tumour was already established. In treated animals, tumour areas showed reduced proliferation but increased apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS KB9520 induced apoptosis in cholangiocarcinoma by selectively acting on oestrogen receptor-β, suggesting that oestrogen receptor-β selective agonists may be a novel and effective therapeutic option for the medical treatment of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Marzioni
- Department of Gastroenterology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
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48
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Minimizing the cancer-promotional activity of cox-2 as a central strategy in cancer prevention. Med Hypotheses 2012; 78:45-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2011.09.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2011] [Accepted: 09/19/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Ho SM, Lee MT, Lam HM, Leung YK. Estrogens and prostate cancer: etiology, mediators, prevention, and management. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 2011; 40:591-614, ix. [PMID: 21889723 PMCID: PMC3167093 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecl.2011.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The mainstay targets for hormonal prostate cancer (PCa) therapies are based on negating androgen action. Recent epidemiologic and experimental data have pinpointed the key roles of estrogens in PCa development and progression. Racial and geographic differences, as well as age-associated changes, in estrogen synthesis and metabolism contribute significantly to the etiology. This article summarizes how different estrogens/antiestrogens/estrogen mimics contribute to prostate carcinogenesis, the roles of the different mediators of estrogen in the process, and the potentials of new estrogenic/antiestrogenic compounds for prevention and treatment of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuk-Mei Ho
- Department of Environmental Health, Center for Environmental Genetics, and the Cancer Institute, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Ming-tsung Lee
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio. Telephone 513-558-0595, Fax 513-558-0071,
| | - Hung-Ming Lam
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio. Telephone 513-558-0595, Fax 513-558-0071,
| | - Yuet-Kin Leung
- Department of Environmental Health, Center for Environmental Genetics, and The Cancer Institute, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio. Telephone 513-558-5181, Fax 513-558-0071,
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Prognostic value of novel biomarkers in astrocytic brain tumors: nuclear receptor co-regulators AIB1, TIF2, and PELP1 are associated with high tumor grade and worse patient prognosis. J Neurooncol 2011; 106:23-31. [PMID: 21735116 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-011-0637-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2011] [Accepted: 06/17/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Estrogen receptors alpha (ERα) and beta (ERβ) and their co-regulatory proteins are key components of complex signaling networks that specifically regulate the growth and development of various tissues and tumors. Still, their protein expression profiles and possible role in the pathogenesis of astrocytic tumors remain largely unknown. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the differential protein expression of ΕRα, ERβ, and their co-activators, AIB1, TIF2, and PELP1 in astrocytic tumors of World Health Organization (WHO) grade II-IV, using immunohistochemistry. Potential correlations with clinicopathological parameters and patient prognosis were also explored. ERα protein expression was undetectable while ERβ levels were significantly decreased with progression of tumor grade (P < 0.001). High expression of ERβ was an independent favorable prognostic factor on multivariate analysis (P = 0.003). Expression of AIB1, TIF2, and PELP1 was not correlated with ERβ expression and followed an opposite trend, with increasing levels in high-grade relative to low-grade tumors (P < 0.001). Univariate survival analysis revealed that high AIB1, TIF2, and PELP1 expression was associated with worse prognosis (P = 0.049, P = 0.033, and P = 0.020, respectively). ERβ and ER co-activators AIB1, TIF2, and PELP1 appear to play an important role in the pathogenesis and progression of astrocytic tumors and might have prognostic significance. The mechanisms underlying their involvement in astrocytic tumorigenesis, as well as their utility for prognostic and therapeutic purposes merit further investigation.
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