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Qi X, Meng J, Li C, Cheng W, Fan A, Huang J, Lin W. Praelolide alleviates collagen-induced arthritis through increasing catalase activity and activating Nrf2 pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 135:156040. [PMID: 39299092 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.156040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Marine diterpenes represent a promising reservoir for identifying potential anti-rheumatoid arthritis (RA) candidates. Praelolide is a gorgonian-derived briarane-type diterpenoid with antioxidative and anti-osteoclastogenetic properties. OBJECTIVE This study aims to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of praelolide against RA and investigate its underlying mechanisms both in vivo and in vitro. METHOD Collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mice and human RA fibroblast-like synoviocyte MH7A cells were employed for bioassays. The VisuGait system was utilized to assess gait dysfunction resulting from joint pain. Histopathological changes in ankle and synovial tissues were evaluated using micro-computed tomography, hematoxylin and eosin staining, Safranin-O/Fast Green staining, tartrate resistant acid phosphatase staining, and immunohistochemistry. Fluorescence spectroscopy, circular dichroism, and surface plasmon resonance were employed to investigate interactions between praelolide and catalase. The production of inflammatory cytokines and expression levels of proteins were assessed using ELISA and Western blotting, respectively. RESULT Praelolide significantly reduced paw swelling and arthritis scores, improved gait deficits, and restored synovial histopathological alterations and bone erosion in CIA mice. In vivo and in vitro, praelolide effectively decreased the expression and production of inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6. Additionally, praelolide inhibited osteoclastogenesis on bone surface of the ankle joints and in a tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-induced MH7A/bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs) co-culture system, and it strongly suppressed reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Mechanistically, praelolide modulated catalase through non-covalent interactions, inducing conformational alterations that enhanced catalase activity and stability against time- and temperature-induced degradation. Further investigation revealed that praelolide significantly upregulated the expression of Nrf2, subsequently activating downstream antioxidant enzymes. CONCLUSION Praelolide markedly alleviated synovial inflammation and bone destruction in CIA mice by enhancing catalase activity and activating the Nrf2 pathway to reduce disease-related ROS accumulation, highlighting praelolide as a promising candidate for multitarget treatment of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Junjun Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Changhong Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Wei Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Aili Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Jian Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China.
| | - Wenhan Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China; Institute of Ocean Research, Ningbo Institute of Marine Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China.
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Cuijpers I, Dohmen CGM, Bouwman FG, Troost FJ, Sthijns MMJPE. Hesperetin but not ellagic acid increases myosin heavy chain expression and cell fusion in C2C12 myoblasts in the presence of oxidative stress. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1377071. [PMID: 39285862 PMCID: PMC11402829 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1377071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Skeletal muscle regeneration is impaired in elderly. An oxidative stress-induced decrease in differentiation capacity of muscle satellite cells is a key factor in this process. The aim of this study is to investigate whether orange polyphenol hesperetin and pomegranate polyphenol ellagic acid enhance myoblast differentiation in the presence and absence of oxidative stress, and to explore underlying mechanisms. Methods C2C12 myoblasts were proliferated for 24 h and differentiated for 120 h while exposed to hesperetin (5, 20, 50 μM), ellagic acid (0.05, 0.1 μM) or a combination (20 μM hesperetin, 0.05 μM ellagic acid) with and without oxidative stress-inducing compound menadione (9 μM) during 24 h of proliferation and during the first 5 h of differentiation. The number of proliferating cells was assessed using fluorescent labeling of incorporated 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine. Myosin heavy chain expression was assessed by fluorescence microscopy and cell fusion index was calculated. Furthermore, protein expression of phosphorylated p38 and myomixer were assessed using Western blot. Results None of the compounds induced effects on cell proliferation. Without menadione, 50 μM hesperetin increased fusion index by 12.6% compared to control (p < 0.01), while ellagic acid did not affect measured parameters of differentiation. Menadione treatment did not change myosin heavy chain expression and fusion index. In combination with menadione, 20 μM hesperetin increased myosin heavy chain expression by 35% (p < 0.01) and fusion index by 7% (p = 0.04) compared to menadione. Furthermore, the combination of menadione with hesperetin and ellagic acid increased myosin heavy chain expression by 35% compared to menadione (p = 0.02). Hesperetin and ellagic acid did not change p38 phosphorylation and myomixer expression compared to control, while treatment with menadione increased p38 phosphorylation (p < 0.01) after 5 h and decreased myomixer expression (p = 0.04) after 72 h of differentiation. Conclusion and discussion Hesperetin increased myosin heavy chain expression in the presence of oxidative stress induced by menadione, and increased cell fusion both in the presence and absence of menadione. Ellagic acid did not affect the measured parameters of myoblast differentiation. Therefore, hesperetin should be considered as nutritional prevention or treatment strategy to maintain muscle function in age-related diseases such as sarcopenia. Future research should focus on underlying mechanisms and translation of these results to clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Cuijpers
- Department of Human Biology, Institute of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Food Innovation and Health, Centre for Healthy Eating and Food Innovation, Maastricht University Campus Venlo, Venlo, Netherlands
| | - Colin G M Dohmen
- Department of Human Biology, Institute of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Food Innovation and Health, Centre for Healthy Eating and Food Innovation, Maastricht University Campus Venlo, Venlo, Netherlands
| | - Freek G Bouwman
- Department of Human Biology, Institute of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Freddy J Troost
- Department of Human Biology, Institute of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Food Innovation and Health, Centre for Healthy Eating and Food Innovation, Maastricht University Campus Venlo, Venlo, Netherlands
| | - Mireille M J P E Sthijns
- Department of Human Biology, Institute of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Food Innovation and Health, Centre for Healthy Eating and Food Innovation, Maastricht University Campus Venlo, Venlo, Netherlands
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Luchkova A, Mata A, Cadenas S. Nrf2 as a regulator of energy metabolism and mitochondrial function. FEBS Lett 2024; 598:2092-2105. [PMID: 39118293 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is essential for the control of cellular redox homeostasis. When activated, Nrf2 elicits cytoprotective effects through the expression of several genes encoding antioxidant and detoxifying enzymes. Nrf2 can also improve antioxidant defense via the pentose phosphate pathway by increasing NADPH availability to regenerate glutathione. Microarray and genome-wide localization analyses have identified many Nrf2 target genes beyond those linked to its redox-regulatory capacity. Nrf2 regulates several intermediary metabolic pathways and is involved in cancer cell metabolic reprogramming, contributing to malignant phenotypes. Nrf2 also modulates substrate utilization for mitochondrial respiration. Here we review the experimental evidence supporting the essential role of Nrf2 in the regulation of energy metabolism and mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Luchkova
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC/UAM), Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Mata
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC/UAM), Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
| | - Susana Cadenas
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC/UAM), Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
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Popov AL, Kolmanovich DD, Chukavin NN, Zelepukin IV, Tikhonowski GV, Pastukhov AI, Popov AA, Shemyakov AE, Klimentov SM, Ryabov VA, Deyev SM, Zavestovskaya IN, Kabashin AV. Boron Nanoparticle-Enhanced Proton Therapy: Molecular Mechanisms of Tumor Cell Sensitization. Molecules 2024; 29:3936. [PMID: 39203014 PMCID: PMC11357428 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29163936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2024] [Revised: 08/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Boron-enhanced proton therapy has recently appeared as a promising approach to increase the efficiency of proton therapy on tumor cells, and this modality can further be improved by the use of boron nanoparticles (B NPs) as local sensitizers to achieve enhanced and targeted therapeutic outcomes. However, the mechanisms of tumor cell elimination under boron-enhanced proton therapy still require clarification. Here, we explore possible molecular mechanisms responsible for the enhancement of therapeutic outcomes under boron NP-enhanced proton therapy. Spherical B NPs with a mode size of 25 nm were prepared by methods of pulsed laser ablation in water, followed by their coating by polyethylene glycol to improve their colloidal stability in buffers. Then, we assessed the efficiency of B NPs as sensitizers of cancer cell killing under irradiation with a 160.5 MeV proton beam. Our experiments showed that the combined effect of B NPs and proton irradiation induces an increased level of superoxide anion radical generation, which leads to the depolarization of mitochondria, a drop in their membrane mitochondrial potential, and the development of apoptosis. A comprehensive gene expression analysis (via RT-PCR) confirmed increased overexpression of 52 genes (out of 87 studied) involved in the cell redox status and oxidative stress, compared to 12 genes in the cells irradiated without B NPs. Other possible mechanisms responsible for the B NPs-induced radiosensitizing effect, including one related to the generation of alpha particles, are discussed. The obtained results give a better insight into the processes involved in the boron-induced enhancement of proton therapy and enable one to optimize parameters of proton therapy in order to maximize therapeutic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton L. Popov
- P. N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 53, Moscow 119991, Russia; (A.L.P.); (D.D.K.); (A.E.S.); (V.A.R.)
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Institutskaya St., Pushchino 142290, Russia;
| | - Danil D. Kolmanovich
- P. N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 53, Moscow 119991, Russia; (A.L.P.); (D.D.K.); (A.E.S.); (V.A.R.)
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Institutskaya St., Pushchino 142290, Russia;
| | - Nikita N. Chukavin
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Institutskaya St., Pushchino 142290, Russia;
| | - Ivan V. Zelepukin
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia; (I.V.Z.); (S.M.D.)
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, 75310 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Gleb V. Tikhonowski
- Institute of Engineering Physics for Biomedicine (PhysBio), National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Kashirskoe Shosse 31, Moscow 115409, Russia; (G.V.T.); (A.A.P.); (S.M.K.)
| | | | - Anton A. Popov
- Institute of Engineering Physics for Biomedicine (PhysBio), National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Kashirskoe Shosse 31, Moscow 115409, Russia; (G.V.T.); (A.A.P.); (S.M.K.)
| | - Alexander E. Shemyakov
- P. N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 53, Moscow 119991, Russia; (A.L.P.); (D.D.K.); (A.E.S.); (V.A.R.)
| | - Sergey M. Klimentov
- Institute of Engineering Physics for Biomedicine (PhysBio), National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Kashirskoe Shosse 31, Moscow 115409, Russia; (G.V.T.); (A.A.P.); (S.M.K.)
| | - Vladimir A. Ryabov
- P. N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 53, Moscow 119991, Russia; (A.L.P.); (D.D.K.); (A.E.S.); (V.A.R.)
| | - Sergey M. Deyev
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia; (I.V.Z.); (S.M.D.)
- Institute of Engineering Physics for Biomedicine (PhysBio), National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Kashirskoe Shosse 31, Moscow 115409, Russia; (G.V.T.); (A.A.P.); (S.M.K.)
- National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Academician Kurchatov Square 1, Moscow 123182, Russia
- “Biomarker” Research Laboratory, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlyovskaya St., Kazan 420008, Russia
- Institute of Molecular Theranostics, Sechenov University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Irina N. Zavestovskaya
- P. N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 53, Moscow 119991, Russia; (A.L.P.); (D.D.K.); (A.E.S.); (V.A.R.)
- Institute of Engineering Physics for Biomedicine (PhysBio), National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Kashirskoe Shosse 31, Moscow 115409, Russia; (G.V.T.); (A.A.P.); (S.M.K.)
- National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Academician Kurchatov Square 1, Moscow 123182, Russia
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Li J, Lim JYS, Eu JQ, Chan AKMH, Goh BC, Wang L, Wong ALA. Reactive Oxygen Species Modulation in the Current Landscape of Anticancer Therapies. Antioxid Redox Signal 2024; 41:322-341. [PMID: 38445392 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2023.0445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Significance: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated during mitochondrial oxidative metabolism, and are tightly controlled through homeostatic mechanisms to maintain intracellular redox, regulating growth and proliferation in healthy cells. However, ROS production is perturbed in cancers where abnormal accumulation of ROS leads to oxidative stress and genomic instability, triggering oncogenic signaling pathways on one hand, while increasing oxidative damage and triggering ROS-dependent death signaling on the other. Recent Advances: Our review illuminates how critical interactions between ROS and oncogenic signaling, the tumor microenvironment, and DNA damage response (DDR) pathways have led to interest in ROS modulation as a means of enhancing existing anticancer strategies and developing new therapeutic opportunities. Critical Issues: ROS equilibrium exists via a delicate balance of pro-oxidant and antioxidant species within cells. "Antioxidant" approaches have been explored mainly in the form of chemoprevention, but there is insufficient evidence to advocate its routine application. More progress has been made via the "pro-oxidant" approach of targeting cancer vulnerabilities and inducing oxidative stress. Various therapeutic modalities have employed this approach, including direct ROS-inducing agents, chemotherapy, targeted therapies, DDR therapies, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy. Finally, emerging delivery systems such as "nanosensitizers" as radiotherapy enhancers are currently in development. Future Directions: While approaches designed to induce ROS have shown considerable promise in selectively targeting cancer cells and dealing with resistance to conventional therapies, most are still in early phases of development and challenges remain. Further research should endeavor to refine treatment strategies, optimize drug combinations, and identify predictive biomarkers of ROS-based cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Li
- Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Jie Qing Eu
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Boon Cher Goh
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lingzhi Wang
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Andrea Li-Ann Wong
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Singapore, Singapore
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Cheng PP, Wang XT, Liu Q, Hu YR, Dai ER, Zhang MH, Yang TS, Qu HY, Zhou H. Nrf2 mediated signaling axis in heart failure: Potential pharmacological receptor. Pharmacol Res 2024; 206:107268. [PMID: 38908614 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) has emerged as the most pressing health concerns globally, and extant clinical therapies are accompanied by side effects and patients have a high burden of financial. The protein products of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) target genes have a variety of cardioprotective effects, including antioxidant, metabolic functions and anti-inflammatory. By evaluating established preclinical and clinical research in HF to date, we explored the potential of Nrf2 to exert unique cardioprotective functions as a novel therapeutic receptor for HF. In this review, we generalize the progression, structure, and function of Nrf2 research in the cardiovascular system. The mechanism of action of Nrf2 involved in HF as well as agonists of Nrf2 in natural compounds are summarized. Additionally, we discuss the challenges and implications for future clinical translation and application of pharmacology targeting Nrf2. It's critical to developing new drugs for HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Pei Cheng
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xin-Ting Wang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yi-Ran Hu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - En-Rui Dai
- Department of Cardiology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ming-Hao Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Tian-Shu Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200071, China
| | - Hui-Yan Qu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Department of Cardiology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Hua Zhou
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Department of Cardiology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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7
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Islam KN, Nguyen ID, Islam R, Pirzadah H, Malik H. Roles of Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) as a Potential Therapeutic Agent in Cardiovascular Diseases: A Narrative Review. Cureus 2024; 16:e64913. [PMID: 39156383 PMCID: PMC11330631 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.64913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) stands as one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and the continued search for novel therapeutics is vital for addressing this global health challenge. Over the past decade, hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) has garnered significant attention in the field of medical research, as it has been proven to be a cardioprotective gaseous signaling molecule. It joins nitric oxide and carbon monoxide as endogenously produced gasotransmitters. As for its mechanism, H₂S functions through the posttranslational addition of a sulfur group to cysteine residues on target proteins in a process called sulfhydration. As a result, the observed physiological effects of H₂S can include vasodilation, anti-apoptosis, anti-inflammation, antioxidant effects, and regulation of ion channels. Various studies have observed the cardioprotective benefits of H₂S in diseases such as myocardial infarction, ischemia-reperfusion injury, cardiac remodeling, heart failure, arrhythmia, and atherosclerosis. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms and therapeutic potential of H₂S in various CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazi N Islam
- Department of Agricultural Research Development Program, Central State University, Wilberforce, USA
| | - Ivan D Nguyen
- School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, USA
| | - Rahib Islam
- School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, USA
| | - Humza Pirzadah
- School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, USA
| | - Hassan Malik
- School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, USA
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Mbiandjeu SCT, Siciliano A, Mattè A, Federti E, Perduca M, Melisi D, Andolfo I, Amoresano A, Iolascon A, Valenti MT, Turrini F, Bovi M, Pisani A, Recchiuti A, Mattoscio D, Riccardi V, Dalle Carbonare L, Brugnara C, Mohandas N, De Franceschi L. Nrf2 Plays a Key Role in Erythropoiesis during Aging. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:454. [PMID: 38671902 PMCID: PMC11047311 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging is characterized by increased oxidation and reduced efficiency of cytoprotective mechanisms. Nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor (Nrf2) is a key transcription factor, controlling the expression of multiple antioxidant proteins. Here, we show that Nrf2-/- mice displayed an age-dependent anemia, due to the combined contributions of reduced red cell lifespan and ineffective erythropoiesis, suggesting a role of Nrf2 in erythroid biology during aging. Mechanistically, we found that the expression of antioxidants during aging is mediated by activation of Nrf2 function by peroxiredoxin-2. The absence of Nrf2 resulted in persistent oxidation and overactivation of adaptive systems such as the unfolded protein response (UPR) system and autophagy in Nrf2-/- mouse erythroblasts. As Nrf2 is involved in the expression of autophagy-related proteins such as autophagy-related protein (Atg) 4-5 and p62, we found impairment of late phase of autophagy in Nrf2-/- mouse erythroblasts. The overactivation of the UPR system and impaired autophagy drove apoptosis of Nrf2-/- mouse erythroblasts via caspase-3 activation. As a proof of concept for the role of oxidation, we treated Nrf2-/- mice with astaxanthin, an antioxidant, in the form of poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)-loaded nanoparticles (ATS-NPs) to improve its bioavailability. ATS-NPs ameliorated the age-dependent anemia and decreased ineffective erythropoiesis in Nrf2-/- mice. In summary, we propose that Nrf2 plays a key role in limiting age-related oxidation, ensuring erythroid maturation and growth during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Angela Siciliano
- Dipartimento Ingegneria per la Medicina di Innovazione—DIMI, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (A.S.); (E.F.); (V.R.); (L.D.C.)
- Department of Medicine, AOUI Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Alessandro Mattè
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (S.C.T.M.); (A.M.); (D.M.)
| | - Enrica Federti
- Dipartimento Ingegneria per la Medicina di Innovazione—DIMI, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (A.S.); (E.F.); (V.R.); (L.D.C.)
- Department of Medicine, AOUI Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Perduca
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (M.P.); (M.B.); (A.P.)
| | - Davide Melisi
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (S.C.T.M.); (A.M.); (D.M.)
| | - Immacolata Andolfo
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (I.A.); (A.I.)
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Amoresano
- Department of Chimical Sciences, University Federico II, 80138 Naples, Italy;
| | - Achille Iolascon
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (I.A.); (A.I.)
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | | | | | - Michele Bovi
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (M.P.); (M.B.); (A.P.)
| | - Arianna Pisani
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (M.P.); (M.B.); (A.P.)
| | - Antonio Recchiuti
- Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnology Science, “G. d’Annunzio” University Chieti–Pescara, 66013 Chieti, Italy; (A.R.); (D.M.)
| | - Domenico Mattoscio
- Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnology Science, “G. d’Annunzio” University Chieti–Pescara, 66013 Chieti, Italy; (A.R.); (D.M.)
| | - Veronica Riccardi
- Dipartimento Ingegneria per la Medicina di Innovazione—DIMI, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (A.S.); (E.F.); (V.R.); (L.D.C.)
| | - Luca Dalle Carbonare
- Dipartimento Ingegneria per la Medicina di Innovazione—DIMI, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (A.S.); (E.F.); (V.R.); (L.D.C.)
- Department of Medicine, AOUI Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Carlo Brugnara
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA;
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Narla Mohandas
- New York Blood Center Enterprises, New York, NY 10065, USA;
| | - Lucia De Franceschi
- Dipartimento Ingegneria per la Medicina di Innovazione—DIMI, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (A.S.); (E.F.); (V.R.); (L.D.C.)
- Department of Medicine, AOUI Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
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9
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Thakur MR, Tupe RS. Protective effect of colchicine on albumin glycation and cellular oxidative stress: Insights into diabetic cardiomyopathy. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2024; 38:e23664. [PMID: 38372178 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
The present work elucidates the role of colchicine (COL) on albumin glycation and cellular oxidative stress in diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). Human serum albumin (HSA) was glycated with methylglyoxal in the presence of COL (2.5, 3.75, and 5 µM), whereas positive and negative control samples were maintained separately. The effects of COL on HSA glycation, structural and functional modifications in glycated HSA were analyzed using different spectroscopical and fluorescence techniques. Increased fructosamine, carbonyl, and pentosidine formation in glycated HSA samples were inhibited in the presence of COL. Structural conformation of HSA and glycated HSA samples was examined by field emission scanning electron microscopy, circular dichroism, Fourier transform infrared, and proton nuclear magnetic resonance analyses, where COL maintained both secondary and tertiary structures of HSA against glycation. Functional marker assays included ABTS•+ radical scavenging and total antioxidant activities, advanced oxidative protein product formation, and turbidimetry, which showed preserved functional properties of glycated HSA in COL-containing samples. Afterward, rat cardiomyoblast (H9c2 cell line) was treated with glycated HSA-COL complex (400 μg/mL) for examining various cellular antioxidants (nitric oxide, catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione) and detoxification enzymes (aldose reductase, glyoxalase I, and II) levels. All three concentrations of COL exhibited effective anti-glycation properties, enhanced cellular antioxidant levels, and detoxification enzyme activities. The report comprehensively analyzes the potential anti-glycation and properties of COL during its initial assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muskan Rajkumar Thakur
- Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences (SSBS), Symbiosis International (Deemed University) (SIU), Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rashmi Santosh Tupe
- Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences (SSBS), Symbiosis International (Deemed University) (SIU), Pune, Maharashtra, India
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10
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Affortit C, Coyat C, Saidia AR, Ceccato JC, Charif M, Sarzi E, Flamant F, Guyot R, Cazevieille C, Puel JL, Lenaers G, Wang J. The human OPA1 delTTAG mutation induces adult onset and progressive auditory neuropathy in mice. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:80. [PMID: 38334784 PMCID: PMC10858076 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05115-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Dominant optic atrophy (DOA) is one of the most prevalent forms of hereditary optic neuropathies and is mainly caused by heterozygous variants in OPA1, encoding a mitochondrial dynamin-related large GTPase. The clinical spectrum of DOA has been extended to a wide variety of syndromic presentations, called DOAplus, including deafness as the main secondary symptom associated to vision impairment. To date, the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the deafness in DOA remain unknown. To gain insights into the process leading to hearing impairment, we have analyzed the Opa1delTTAG mouse model that recapitulates the DOAplus syndrome through complementary approaches combining morpho-physiology, biochemistry, and cellular and molecular biology. We found that Opa1delTTAG mutation leads an adult-onset progressive auditory neuropathy in mice, as attested by the auditory brainstem response threshold shift over time. However, the mutant mice harbored larger otoacoustic emissions in comparison to wild-type littermates, whereas the endocochlear potential, which is a proxy for the functional state of the stria vascularis, was comparable between both genotypes. Ultrastructural examination of the mutant mice revealed a selective loss of sensory inner hair cells, together with a progressive degeneration of the axons and myelin sheaths of the afferent terminals of the spiral ganglion neurons, supporting an auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD). Molecular assessment of cochlea demonstrated a reduction of Opa1 mRNA level by greater than 40%, supporting haploinsufficiency as the disease mechanism. In addition, we evidenced an early increase in Sirtuin 3 level and in Beclin1 activity, and subsequently an age-related mtDNA depletion, increased oxidative stress, mitophagy as well as an impaired autophagic flux. Together, these results support a novel role for OPA1 in the maintenance of inner hair cells and auditory neural structures, addressing new challenges for the exploration and treatment of OPA1-linked ANSD in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corentin Affortit
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (INM), University Montpellier, INSERM, UMR 1298, 80 Rue Augustin Fliche, 34295, Montpellier, France
- Molecular Otolaryngology and Renal Research Laboratories, Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Carolanne Coyat
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (INM), University Montpellier, INSERM, UMR 1298, 80 Rue Augustin Fliche, 34295, Montpellier, France
| | - Anissa Rym Saidia
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (INM), University Montpellier, INSERM, UMR 1298, 80 Rue Augustin Fliche, 34295, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Charles Ceccato
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (INM), University Montpellier, INSERM, UMR 1298, 80 Rue Augustin Fliche, 34295, Montpellier, France
| | - Majida Charif
- Genetics, and Immuno-Cell Therapy Team, Mohamed First University, 60000, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Emmanuelle Sarzi
- Institut NeuroMyoGène, Pathophysiology and Genetics of Neuron and Muscle (INMG-PGNM) UCBL-CNRS UMR5261, Inserm U1315, Université Claude Bernard, Lyon I, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Lyon, France
| | - Frédéric Flamant
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon (IGFL), INRAE USC1370, CNRS (UMR5242), ENS Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Romain Guyot
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon (IGFL), INRAE USC1370, CNRS (UMR5242), ENS Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Chantal Cazevieille
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (INM), University Montpellier, INSERM, UMR 1298, 80 Rue Augustin Fliche, 34295, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Luc Puel
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (INM), University Montpellier, INSERM, UMR 1298, 80 Rue Augustin Fliche, 34295, Montpellier, France
| | - Guy Lenaers
- Université Angers, MitoLab Team, Unité MitoVasc, UMR CNRS 6015, INSERM U1083, SFR ICAT, Angers, France
- Service de Neurologie, CHU d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Jing Wang
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (INM), University Montpellier, INSERM, UMR 1298, 80 Rue Augustin Fliche, 34295, Montpellier, France.
- Department of ENT and Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
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11
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Bacigalupa ZA, Landis MD, Rathmell JC. Nutrient inputs and social metabolic control of T cell fate. Cell Metab 2024; 36:10-20. [PMID: 38118440 PMCID: PMC10872404 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Cells in multicellular organisms experience diverse neighbors, signals, and evolving physical environments that drive functional and metabolic demands. To maintain proper development and homeostasis while avoiding inappropriate cell proliferation or death, individual cells interact with their neighbors via "social" cues to share and partition available nutrients. Metabolic signals also contribute to cell fate by providing biochemical links between cell-extrinsic signals and available resources. In addition to metabolic checkpoints that sense nutrients and directly supply molecular intermediates for biosynthetic pathways, many metabolites directly signal or provide the basis for post-translational modifications of target proteins and chromatin. In this review, we survey the landscape of T cell nutrient sensing and metabolic signaling that supports proper immunity while avoiding immunodeficiency or autoimmunity. The integration of cell-extrinsic microenvironmental cues with cell-intrinsic metabolic signaling provides a social metabolic control model to integrate cell signaling, metabolism, and fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary A Bacigalupa
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Madelyn D Landis
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Jeffrey C Rathmell
- Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
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12
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Lin Y, Ding Y, Wu Y, Yang Y, Liu Z, Xiang L, Zhang C. The underestimated role of mitochondria in vitiligo: From oxidative stress to inflammation and cell death. Exp Dermatol 2024; 33:e14856. [PMID: 37338012 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Vitiligo is an acquired depigmentary disorder characterized by the depletion of melanocytes in the skin. Mitochondria shoulder multiple functions in cells, such as production of ATP, maintenance of redox balance, initiation of inflammation and regulation of cell death. Increasing evidence has implicated the involvement of mitochondria in the pathogenesis of vitiligo. Mitochondria alteration will cause the abnormalities of mitochondria functions mentioned above, ultimately leading to melanocyte loss through various cell death modes. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) plays a critical role in mitochondrial homeostasis, and the downregulation of Nrf2 in vitiligo may correlate with mitochondria damage, making both mitochondria and Nrf2 promising targets in treatment of vitiligo. In this review, we aim to discuss the alterations of mitochondria and its role in the pathogenesis of vitiligo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Lin
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuecen Ding
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiwen Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ziqi Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Leihong Xiang
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengfeng Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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13
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Moubarak MM, Pagano Zottola AC, Larrieu CM, Cuvellier S, Daubon T, Martin OCB. Exploring the multifaceted role of NRF2 in brain physiology and cancer: A comprehensive review. Neurooncol Adv 2024; 6:vdad160. [PMID: 38221979 PMCID: PMC10785770 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdad160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic oxidative stress plays a critical role in the development of brain malignancies due to the high rate of brain oxygen utilization and concomitant production of reactive oxygen species. The nuclear factor-erythroid-2-related factor 2 (NRF2), a master regulator of antioxidant signaling, is a key factor in regulating brain physiology and the development of age-related neurodegenerative diseases. Also, NRF2 is known to exert a protective antioxidant effect against the onset of oxidative stress-induced diseases, including cancer, along with its pro-oncogenic activities through regulating various signaling pathways and downstream target genes. In glioblastoma (GB), grade 4 glioma, tumor resistance, and recurrence are caused by the glioblastoma stem cell population constituting a small bulk of the tumor core. The persistence and self-renewal capacity of these cell populations is enhanced by NRF2 expression in GB tissues. This review outlines NRF2's dual involvement in cancer and highlights its regulatory role in human brain physiology and diseases, in addition to the development of primary brain tumors and therapeutic potential, with a focus on GB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya M Moubarak
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, IBGC, UMR 5095, Bordeaux, France
| | | | | | | | - Thomas Daubon
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, IBGC, UMR 5095, Bordeaux, France
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14
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Khan SU, Khan SU, Suleman M, Khan MU, Khan MS, Arbi FM, Hussain T, Mohammed Alsuhaibani A, S Refat M. Natural Allies for Heart Health: Nrf2 Activation and Cardiovascular Disease Management. Curr Probl Cardiol 2024; 49:102084. [PMID: 37714318 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2023.102084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
The term "cardiovascular diseases" (CVD) refers to various ailments that affect the heart and blood vessels, including myocardial ischemia, congenital heart defects, heart failure, rheumatic heart disease, hypertension, peripheral artery disease, atherosclerosis, and cardiomyopathies. Despite significant breakthroughs in preventative measures and treatment choices, CVDs significantly contribute to morbidity and mortality, imposing a considerable financial burden. Oxidative stress (OS) is a fundamental contributor to the development and progression of CVDs, resulting from an inherent disparity in generating reactive oxygen species. The disparity above significantly contributes to the aberrant operation of the cardiovascular system. To tackle this issue, therapeutic intervention primarily emphasizes the nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a transcription factor crucial in regulating endogenous antioxidant defense systems against OS. The Nrf2 exhibits potential as a promising target for effectively managing CVDs. Significantly, an emerging field of study is around the utilization of natural substances to stimulate the activation of Nrf2, hence facilitating the promotion of cardioprotection. This technique introduces a new pathway for treating CVD. The substances above elicit their advantageous effects by mitigating the impact of OS via initiating Nrf2 signaling. The primary objective of our study is to provide significant insights that can contribute to advancing treatment methods, including natural products. These strategies aim to tackle the obstacles associated with CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safir Ullah Khan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Shahid Ullah Khan
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City and South west University, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Department of Biochemistry, Women Medical and Dental College, Khyber Medical University, Abbottabad, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Suleman
- Center for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, Swat, Pakistan; Laboratory of Animal Research Center (LARC), Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Munir Ullah Khan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, International Research Center for X Polymers, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | | | | | - Talib Hussain
- Women Dental College Abbottabad, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Amnah Mohammed Alsuhaibani
- Department of Physical Sport Science, College of Education, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Moamen S Refat
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
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15
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Kianfar T, Kadkhodaee M, Seifi B, Abdi A, Adelipour M, Pishkenari BH, Malboosi N, Ranjbaran M. The effect of tannic acid on renal renin-angiotensin signaling pathway in a model of unilateral ureteral obstruction in male Wistar rats. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 396:3569-3579. [PMID: 37249615 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02548-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of current study was to elucidate polyphenol tannic acid effect on renal function and activity of the renin-angiotensin system after unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). Male Wistar rats were divided into three groups of six randomly: 1) Sham, 2) UUO, and 3) UUO + Tannic acid. Rats in the UUO and UUO + Tannic acid groups experienced unilateral ureteral obstruction. In the Sham group, the abdominal cavity was exposed without UUO induction. In the UUO + Tannic acid group, animals received tannic acid (20 mg/kg) intraperitoneally, 6 and 12 h after clamping the left ureter and 6 and 12 h after the right nephrectomy. Blood samples were taken to measure blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels. Kidney tissue samples were obtained for assessment of oxidative stress, inflammatory indices and the levels of renin-angiotensin system components. Tannic acid administration significantly improved UUO-induced kidney dysfunction (serum BUN: 66.42 ± 14.414 mg/dl, p < 0.05; serum creatinine: 1.67 ± 0.258 mg/dl, p < 0.05), oxidative stress (MDA level: 95.29 ± 37.35 µmol/g tissue, p < 0.05; SOD activity: 59.82 ± 13.41 U/g protein, p < 0.01) and inflammation (renal TNF-α: 57.05 ± 15.653 pg/g tissue, p < 0.05; renal IL-6: 117.015 ± 24.076 pg/g tissue, p < 0.001). The treatment caused a reduction in the amount of renal angiotensinogen, renin and ACE genes expression compared to the UUO group (Angiotensinogen: 8.9 ± onefold, p < 0.05, Renin: 6.5 ± 1.14 fold, p < 0.05, ACE: 4.9 ± 0.64 fold, p < 0.05). Angiotensin II type 1 receptor protein levels decreased in the tannic acid-treated rats in comparison with the UUO group (0.61 ± 0.136, p < 0.05). According to the result of the current study, tannic acid considerably attenuated the complications of unilateral ureteral obstruction through renin-angiotensin system modulation. Trial registration: IR.TUMS.MEDICINE.REC.1400.802.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Kianfar
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1417613151, Iran
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehri Kadkhodaee
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1417613151, Iran
| | - Behjat Seifi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1417613151, Iran
| | - Arash Abdi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1417613151, Iran
| | - Maryam Adelipour
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Bahar Hejazi Pishkenari
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1417613151, Iran
| | - Nasrin Malboosi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1417613151, Iran
| | - Mina Ranjbaran
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1417613151, Iran.
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16
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Fang Q, Bai Y, Hu S, Ding J, Liu L, Dai M, Qiu J, Wu L, Rao X, Wang Y. Unleashing the Potential of Nrf2: A Novel Therapeutic Target for Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1978. [PMID: 38001831 PMCID: PMC10669195 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12111978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary vascular remodeling, characterized by the thickening of all three layers of the blood vessel wall, plays a central role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension (PH). Despite the approval of several drugs for PH treatment, their long-term therapeutic effect remains unsatisfactory, as they mainly focus on vasodilation rather than addressing vascular remodeling. Therefore, there is an urgent need for novel therapeutic targets in the treatment of PH. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a vital transcription factor that regulates endogenous antioxidant defense and emerges as a novel regulator of pulmonary vascular remodeling. Growing evidence has suggested an involvement of Nrf2 and its downstream transcriptional target in the process of pulmonary vascular remodeling. Pharmacologically targeting Nrf2 has demonstrated beneficial effects in various diseases, and several Nrf2 inducers are currently undergoing clinical trials. However, the exact potential and mechanism of Nrf2 as a therapeutic target in PH remain unknown. Thus, this review article aims to comprehensively explore the role and mechanism of Nrf2 in pulmonary vascular remodeling associated with PH. Additionally, we provide a summary of Nrf2 inducers that have shown therapeutic potential in addressing the underlying vascular remodeling processes in PH. Although Nrf2-related therapies hold great promise, further research is necessary before their clinical implementation can be fully realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Fang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (Q.F.); (Y.B.); (S.H.); (J.D.); (L.L.); (M.D.); (J.Q.); (L.W.)
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yang Bai
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (Q.F.); (Y.B.); (S.H.); (J.D.); (L.L.); (M.D.); (J.Q.); (L.W.)
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Shuiqing Hu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (Q.F.); (Y.B.); (S.H.); (J.D.); (L.L.); (M.D.); (J.Q.); (L.W.)
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Jie Ding
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (Q.F.); (Y.B.); (S.H.); (J.D.); (L.L.); (M.D.); (J.Q.); (L.W.)
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (Q.F.); (Y.B.); (S.H.); (J.D.); (L.L.); (M.D.); (J.Q.); (L.W.)
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Meiyan Dai
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (Q.F.); (Y.B.); (S.H.); (J.D.); (L.L.); (M.D.); (J.Q.); (L.W.)
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Jie Qiu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (Q.F.); (Y.B.); (S.H.); (J.D.); (L.L.); (M.D.); (J.Q.); (L.W.)
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Lujin Wu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (Q.F.); (Y.B.); (S.H.); (J.D.); (L.L.); (M.D.); (J.Q.); (L.W.)
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xiaoquan Rao
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (Q.F.); (Y.B.); (S.H.); (J.D.); (L.L.); (M.D.); (J.Q.); (L.W.)
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (Q.F.); (Y.B.); (S.H.); (J.D.); (L.L.); (M.D.); (J.Q.); (L.W.)
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
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17
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Romualdo GR, Valente LC, Dos Santos ACS, Grandini NA, Camacho CRC, Vinken M, Cogliati B, Hou DX, Barbisan LF. Effects of glyphosate exposure on western diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in mice. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 104:104286. [PMID: 37805155 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2023.104286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
We evaluated whether glyphosate promotes western diet (WD)-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Male C57BL/6J mice were fed WD and received intragastrical glyphosate (0.05, 5 or 50 mg/kg) for 6 months. Glyphosate did not promote WD-induced obesity, hypercholesterolemia, glucose intolerance, hepatic steatosis, and fibrosis. Nonetheless, the higher dose (50 mg) enhanced hepatic CD68+ macrophage density, p65, TNF-α, and IL-6 protein levels. Furthermore, this dose decreased hepatic Nrf2 levels, while enhancing lipid peroxidation in the liver and adipose tissue. Hepatic transcriptome revealed that glyphosate at 50 mg upregulated 212 genes and downregulated 731 genes. Genes associated with oxidative stress and inflammation were upregulated, while key cell cycle-related genes were downregulated. Our results indicate that glyphosate exposure - in a dose within the toxicological limits - impairs hepatic inflammation/redox dynamics in a NAFLD microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme R Romualdo
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu Medical School, Experimental Research Unit (UNIPEX), Multimodel Drug Screening Platform - Laboratory of Chemically induced and Experimental Carcinogenesis (MDSP-LCQE), Botucatu, SP, Brazil; São Paulo State University (UNESP), Biosciences Institute, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
| | - Letícia Cardoso Valente
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu Medical School, Experimental Research Unit (UNIPEX), Multimodel Drug Screening Platform - Laboratory of Chemically induced and Experimental Carcinogenesis (MDSP-LCQE), Botucatu, SP, Brazil; São Paulo State University (UNESP), Biosciences Institute, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Botucatu, SP, Brazil; Federal University of Grande Dourados (UFGD), Faculty of Health Sciences, Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | | | - Núbia Alves Grandini
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu Medical School, Experimental Research Unit (UNIPEX), Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Camila Renata Correa Camacho
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu Medical School, Experimental Research Unit (UNIPEX), Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Mathieu Vinken
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel. Brussels, Department of In Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology, Belgium
| | - Bruno Cogliati
- University of São Paulo (USP), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Pathology, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - De-Xing Hou
- Kagoshima University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Japan
| | - Luís Fernando Barbisan
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu Medical School, Experimental Research Unit (UNIPEX), Multimodel Drug Screening Platform - Laboratory of Chemically induced and Experimental Carcinogenesis (MDSP-LCQE), Botucatu, SP, Brazil; São Paulo State University (UNESP), Biosciences Institute, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
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18
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Alnajem A, Al-Maghrebi M. The Regulatory Effects of JAK2/STAT3 on Spermatogenesis and the Redox Keap1/Nrf2 Axis in an Animal Model of Testicular Ischemia Reperfusion Injury. Cells 2023; 12:2292. [PMID: 37759514 PMCID: PMC10528395 DOI: 10.3390/cells12182292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The male reproductive system requires the pleiotropic activity of JAK/STAT to maintain its function, especially spermatogenesis. The study aims to investigate the effect of JAK2 signaling on the expression of the Keap1/Nrf2 axis, spermatogenesis, and the Sertoli cells (Sc) junctions in an animal model of testicular ischemia reperfusion injury (tIRI). Testes subjected to tIRI exhibited increased JAK2/STAT3 activity associated with spermatogenic arrest and reduced expression of the Sc junctions. In addition, there was an increased protein expression of Keap1 and decreased Nrf2., which was coupled with the downregulation of gene expression of antioxidant enzymes. Reduced SOD and CAT activities were accompanied by increased lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation during tIRI. Increased caspase 9 activity and Bax/Bcl2 ratio indicated initiation of apoptosis. Inhibition of JAK2 activity by AG490 maintained the integrity of spermatogenesis and SC junctions, normalized the expression of the Keap1/Nrf2 axis and its downstream antioxidant enzymes, and prevented germ cell apoptosis. The results further emphasized the regulatory role of JAK2/STAT3 on spermatogenesis, Keap1/Nrf2 signaling, and maintenance of the testicular redox balance to combat testicular dysfunction and male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Alnajem
- Department of Medicine, Jaber Al-Ahmed Hospital, South Surra 47761, Kuwait;
| | - May Al-Maghrebi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Kuwait University, Safat 13110, Kuwait
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19
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Saratsi A, Samartzi F, Panagiotidis I, Basioura A, Tsiokos D, Ligda C, Rekkas CA. Post-Thaw Parameters of Buck Semen Quality after Soy Lecithin Extender Supplementation with Fumaric Acid. Vet Sci 2023; 10:569. [PMID: 37756091 PMCID: PMC10534350 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10090569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The supplementation of cryopreservation media with antioxidants improves the post-thaw quality and fertilizing ability of spermatozoa. To maximize the fertility of frozen-thawed buck spermatozoa, further research is required to overcome obstacles that have yielded controversial results and standardize protocols. In the present work, the effect of adding fumaric acid (a well-described antioxidant) to a soy lecithin semen extender on certain quality parameters of spermatozoa following freezing and thawing was examined for the first time. Five sexually mature Skopelos bucks were used, and ejaculates were collected with an artificial vagina. The semen samples (98 samples, five replicates) were diluted (400 × 106 spermatozoa/mL) with OviXcell®, supplemented with fumaric acid (0 mM, 2.15 mM, 10 mM or 30 mM), equilibrated (5 °C; 3 h), packed (0.5 mL straws), frozen and stored (-196 °C) until further processing. After thawing, the spermatozoa total and progressive motility (CASA), viability (eosin-nigrosin), membrane functional integrity (HOST), acrosome integrity (SpermBlue®) and mitochondrial function (Rhodamine-123/SYBR-14/PI) were evaluated. Statistical analysis was performed with one-way ANOVA, followed by Duncan's test; significance was set at 0.05. The addition of 2.15 mM fumaric acid improved (p < 0.05) spermatozoa viability, membrane functional integrity, acrosome integrity and mitochondrial function compared to all other concentrations. The addition of 30 mM fumaric acid decreased (p < 0.05) spermatozoa viability and mitochondrial function compared to all other concentrations. These results indicate a beneficial effect of a 2.15 mM fumaric acid addition to a soy lecithin extender on post-thaw buck spermatozoa quality. Further research is required to evaluate the in vivo fertility of frozen-thawed buck spermatozoa treated with fumaric acid, as well as to elucidate the mechanism of action of fumaric acid in spermatozoa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aikaterini Saratsi
- Veterinary Research Institute, Hellenic Agricultural Organization—DIMITRA, ELGO Campus, 57001 Thermi-Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.S.); (F.S.); (C.L.)
| | - Foteini Samartzi
- Veterinary Research Institute, Hellenic Agricultural Organization—DIMITRA, ELGO Campus, 57001 Thermi-Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.S.); (F.S.); (C.L.)
| | - Ioannis Panagiotidis
- Department of Animal Reproduction & Artificial Insemination, Directorate of Veterinary Center of Thessaloniki, Ministry of Rural Development and Food, 9 Verias Str., 57008 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Athina Basioura
- Department of Agriculture, University of Western Macedonia, Terma Kontopoulou, 53100 Florina, Greece;
| | - Dimitrios Tsiokos
- Research Institute of Animal Science, Hellenic Agricultural Organization—DIMITRA, 58100 Paralimni Giannitsa, Greece;
| | - Christina Ligda
- Veterinary Research Institute, Hellenic Agricultural Organization—DIMITRA, ELGO Campus, 57001 Thermi-Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.S.); (F.S.); (C.L.)
| | - Constantinos A. Rekkas
- Veterinary Research Institute, Hellenic Agricultural Organization—DIMITRA, ELGO Campus, 57001 Thermi-Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.S.); (F.S.); (C.L.)
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20
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Hoffman TR, Emsley SA, Douglas JC, Reed KR, Esquivel AR, Koyack MJ, Paddock BE, Videau P. Assessing Curcumin Uptake and Clearance and Their Influence on Superoxide Dismutase Activity in Drosophila melanogaster. BIOTECH 2023; 12:58. [PMID: 37754202 PMCID: PMC10526445 DOI: 10.3390/biotech12030058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
While normal levels of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) are required for proper organismal function, increased levels result in oxidative stress. Oxidative stress may be managed via the scavenging activities of antioxidants (e.g., curcumin) and the action of enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD). In this work, the uptake and clearance of dietary curcuminoids (consisting of curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin) was assessed in Drosophila melanogaster larvae following chronic or acute exposure. High levels of curcuminoid uptake and loss were observed within a few hours and leveled off within eight hours post treatment onset. The addition or removal of curcuminoids from media resulted in corresponding changes in SOD activity, and the involvement of each of the three SOD genes was assessed for their contribution to total SOD activity. Taken together, these data provide insight into the uptake and clearance dynamics of curcuminoids and indicate that, while SOD activity generally increases following curcuminoid treatment, the individual SOD genes appear to contribute differently to this response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tammy R. Hoffman
- Department of Biology, Southern Oregon University, Ashland, OR 97520, USA
| | - Sarah A. Emsley
- Department of Biology, Southern Oregon University, Ashland, OR 97520, USA
| | - Jenna C. Douglas
- Department of Biology, Southern Oregon University, Ashland, OR 97520, USA
| | - Kaela R. Reed
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Oregon University, Ashland, OR 97520, USA
| | - Abigail R. Esquivel
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33602, USA
| | - Marc J. Koyack
- School of Arts and Sciences, Gwynedd Mercy University, Gwynedd Valley, PA 19437, USA
| | - Brie E. Paddock
- Department of Biology, Southern Oregon University, Ashland, OR 97520, USA
| | - Patrick Videau
- Department of Biology, Southern Oregon University, Ashland, OR 97520, USA
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21
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Skrzydlewska E, Łuczaj W, Biernacki M, Wójcik P, Jarocka-Karpowicz I, Orehovec B, Baršić B, Tarle M, Kmet M, Lukšić I, Marušić Z, Bauer G, Žarković N. Preliminary Comparison of Molecular Antioxidant and Inflammatory Mechanisms Determined in the Peripheral Blood Granulocytes of COVID-19 Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13574. [PMID: 37686388 PMCID: PMC10488240 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate selected parameters of redox signaling and inflammation in the granulocytes of COVID-19 patients who recovered and those who died. Upon admission, the patients did not differ in terms of any relevant clinical parameter apart from the percentage of granulocytes, which was 6% higher on average in those patients who died. Granulocytes were isolated from the blood of 15 healthy people and survivors and 15 patients who died within a week, and who were selected post hoc for analysis according to their matching gender and age. They differed only in the lethal outcome, which could not be predicted upon arrival at the hospital. The proteins level (respective ELISA), antioxidant activity (spectrophotometry), and lipid mediators (UPUPLC-MS) were measured in the peripheral blood granulocytes obtained via gradient centrifugation. The levels of Nrf2, HO-1, NFκB, and IL-6 were higher in the granulocytes of COVID-19 patients who died within a week, while the activity of cytoplasmic Cu,Zn-SOD and mitochondrial Mn-SOD and IL-2/IL-10 were lower in comparison to the levels observed in survivors. Furthermore, in the granulocytes of those patients who died, an increase in pro-inflammatory eicosanoids (PGE2 and TXB2), together with elevated cannabinoid receptors 1 and 2 (associated with a decrease in the anti-inflammatory 15d-PGJ2), were found. Hence, this study suggests that by triggering transcription factors, granulocytes activate inflammatory and redox signaling, leading to the production of pro-inflammatory eicosanoids while reducing cellular antioxidant capacity through SOD, thus expressing an altered response to COVID-19, which may result in the onset of systemic oxidative stress, ARDS, and the death of the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elżbieta Skrzydlewska
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (W.Ł.); (M.B.); (P.W.); (I.J.-K.)
| | - Wojciech Łuczaj
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (W.Ł.); (M.B.); (P.W.); (I.J.-K.)
| | - Michał Biernacki
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (W.Ł.); (M.B.); (P.W.); (I.J.-K.)
| | - Piotr Wójcik
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (W.Ł.); (M.B.); (P.W.); (I.J.-K.)
| | - Iwona Jarocka-Karpowicz
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (W.Ł.); (M.B.); (P.W.); (I.J.-K.)
| | - Biserka Orehovec
- Clinical Hospital Dubrava, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (B.O.); (B.B.); (M.T.); (M.K.); (I.L.)
| | - Bruno Baršić
- Clinical Hospital Dubrava, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (B.O.); (B.B.); (M.T.); (M.K.); (I.L.)
| | - Marko Tarle
- Clinical Hospital Dubrava, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (B.O.); (B.B.); (M.T.); (M.K.); (I.L.)
| | - Marta Kmet
- Clinical Hospital Dubrava, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (B.O.); (B.B.); (M.T.); (M.K.); (I.L.)
| | - Ivica Lukšić
- Clinical Hospital Dubrava, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (B.O.); (B.B.); (M.T.); (M.K.); (I.L.)
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Zlatko Marušić
- Division of Pathology, Clinical Hospital Centre Zagreb, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Georg Bauer
- Institute of Virology, Medical Center–University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany;
| | - Neven Žarković
- Laboratory for Oxidative Stress (LabOS), Ruđer Bošković Institute, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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22
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Zhai M, Zhang C, Cui J, Liu J, Li Y, Xie K, Luo E, Tang C. Electromagnetic fields ameliorate hepatic lipid accumulation and oxidative stress: potential role of CaMKKβ/AMPK/SREBP-1c and Nrf2 pathways. Biomed Eng Online 2023; 22:51. [PMID: 37217972 DOI: 10.1186/s12938-023-01114-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease worldwide, and is related to disturbed lipid metabolism and redox homeostasis. However, a definitive drug treatment has not been approved for this disease. Studies have found that electromagnetic fields (EMF) can ameliorate hepatic steatosis and oxidative stress. Nevertheless, the mechanism remains unclear. METHODS NAFLD models were established by feeding mice a high-fat diet. Simultaneously, EMF exposure is performed. The effects of the EMF on hepatic lipid deposition and oxidative stress were investigated. Additionally, the AMPK and Nrf2 pathways were analysed to confirm whether they were activated by the EMF. RESULTS Exposure to EMF decreased the body weight, liver weight and serum triglyceride (TG) levels and restrained the excessive hepatic lipid accumulation caused by feeding the HFD. The EMF boosted CaMKKβ protein expression, activated AMPK phosphorylation and suppressed mature SREBP-1c protein expression. Meanwhile, the activity of GSH-Px was enhanced following an increase in nuclear Nrf2 protein expression by PEMF. However, no change was observed in the activities of SOD and CAT. Consequently, EMF reduced hepatic reactive oxygen species (ROS) and MDA levels, which means that EMF relieved liver damage caused by oxidative stress in HFD-fed mice. CONCLUSIONS EMF may activate the CaMKKβ/AMPK/SREBP-1c and Nrf2 pathways to control hepatic lipid deposition and oxidative stress. This investigation indicates that EMF may be a novel therapeutic method for NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Zhai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetic Detection and Intelligent Perception, Xi'an, China
| | - Chenxu Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Jinxiu Cui
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Juan Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yuanzhe Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Kangning Xie
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Erping Luo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Chi Tang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China.
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetic Detection and Intelligent Perception, Xi'an, China.
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23
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Jankó L, Tóth E, Laczik M, Rauch B, Janka E, Bálint BL, Bai P. PARP2 poly(ADP-ribosyl)ates nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) affecting NRF2 subcellular localization. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7869. [PMID: 37188809 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35076-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
PARP2 is a member of the PARP enzyme family. Although, PARP2 plays role in DNA repair, it has regulatory roles in mitochondrial and lipid metabolism, it has pivotal role in bringing about the adverse effects of pharmacological PARP inhibitors. Previously, we showed that the ablation of PARP2 induces oxidative stress and, consequently, mitochondrial fragmentation. In attempt to identify the source of the reactive species we assessed the possible role of a central regulator of cellular antioxidant defense, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2). The silencing of PARP2 did not alter either the mRNA or the protein expression of NRF2, but changed its subcellular localization, decreasing the proportion of nuclear, active fraction of NRF2. Pharmacological inhibition of PARP2 partially restored the normal localization pattern of NRF2 and in line with that, we showed that NRF2 is PARylated that is absent in the cells in which PARP2 was silenced. Apparently, the PARylation of NRF2 by PARP2 has pivotal role in regulating the subcellular (nuclear) localization of NRF2. The silencing of PARP2 rearranged the expression of genes encoding proteins with antioxidant function, among these a subset of NRF2-dependent genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Jankó
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem Tér 1., 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
- Center of Excellence, The Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Emese Tóth
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem Tér 1., 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
- Center of Excellence, The Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Miklós Laczik
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Boglárka Rauch
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem Tér 1., 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
- Center of Excellence, The Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Eszter Janka
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Bálint L Bálint
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
- Department of Bioinformatics, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó Utca 7-9., Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Péter Bai
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem Tér 1., 4032, Debrecen, Hungary.
- Center of Excellence, The Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.
- MTA-DE Lendület Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary.
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary.
- MTA-DE Cell Biology and Signaling Research Group ELKH, Debrecen, Hungary.
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24
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Xiong W, Jiang X, He J, Liu X, Zhu Y, Liu B, Huang Y. Probiotic Fermentation of Kelp Enzymatic Hydrolysate Promoted its Anti-Aging Activity in D-Galactose-Induced Aging Mice by Modulating Gut Microbiota. Mol Nutr Food Res 2023; 67:e2200766. [PMID: 37005336 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202200766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE To investigate anti-aging effects of probiotic-fermented kelp enzymatic hydrolysate culture (KMF), probiotic-fermented kelp enzymatic hydrolysate supernatant (KMFS), and probiotic-fermented kelp enzymatic hydrolysate bacteria suspension (KMFP) in D-galactose-induced aging mice. METHODS AND RESULTS The study uses a probiotic-mixture of Lactobacillus reuteri, Pediococcus pentosaceus, and Lactobacillus acidophilus strains for kelp fermentation. KMF, KMFS, and KMFP prevent D-galactose-induced elevation of malondialdehyde levels in serum and brain tissue of aging mice, and they increase superoxide dismutase and catalase levels and total antioxidant capacity. Furthermore, they improve the cell structure of mouse brain, liver, and intestinal tissue. Compared with the model control group, the KMF, KMFS, and KMFP treatments regulate mRNA and protein levels of genes associated with aging, the concentrations of acetic acid, propionic acid, and butyric acid in the three treatment groups are more than 1.4-, 1.3-, and 1.2-fold increased, respectively. Furthermore, the treatments affect the gut microbiota community structures. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that KMF, KMFS, and KMFP can modulate gut microbiota imbalances and positively affect aging-related genes to achieve anti-aging effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Xiong
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Engineering Research Center of Fujian and Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Fuzhou Ocean Research Institute Marine Food Research and Development Center, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Xiaoqin Jiang
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Engineering Research Center of Fujian and Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Fuzhou Ocean Research Institute Marine Food Research and Development Center, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Junqiang He
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Engineering Research Center of Fujian and Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Fuzhou Ocean Research Institute Marine Food Research and Development Center, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Yuxian Zhu
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Engineering Research Center of Fujian and Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Fuzhou Ocean Research Institute Marine Food Research and Development Center, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Bin Liu
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Engineering Research Center of Fujian and Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Fuzhou Ocean Research Institute Marine Food Research and Development Center, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Ying Huang
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Engineering Research Center of Fujian and Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Fuzhou Ocean Research Institute Marine Food Research and Development Center, Fuzhou, 350002, China
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25
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Vass V, Szabó E, Bereczki I, Debreczeni N, Borbás A, Herczegh P, Tósaki Á. Reperfusion-induced injury and the effects of the dithioacetate type hydrogen sulfide donor ibuprofen derivative, BM-88, in isolated rat hearts. Eur J Pharm Sci 2023; 185:106449. [PMID: 37076051 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2023.106449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) plays an important role in cardiac protection by regulating various redox signalings associated with myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) induced injury. The goal of the present investigations is the synthesis of a newly designed H2S-releasing ibuprofen derivative, BM-88, and its pharmacological characterization regarding the cardioprotective effects in isolated rat hearts. Cytotoxicity of BM-88 was also estimated in H9c2 cells. H2S-release was measured by an H2S sensor from the coronary perfusate. Increasing concentrations of BM-88 (1.0 to 20.0 µM) were tested in in vitro studies. Preadministration of 10 µM BM-88 significantly reduced the incidence of reperfusion-induced ventricular fibrillation (VF) from its drug-free control value of 92% to 12%. However, no clear dose dependent reduction in the incidence of reperfusion-induced VF was observed while different concentrations of BM-88 were used. It was also found that 10 µM BM-88 provided a substantial protection and significantly reduced the infarct size in the ischemic/reperfused myocardium. However, this cardiac protection was not reflected in any significant changes in coronary flow and heart rates. The results support the fact that H2S release plays an important role mitigating reperfusion-induced cardiac damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virág Vass
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary; Doctoral School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary; ELKH-DE Pharmamodul Research Team, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Erzsébet Szabó
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary; ELKH-DE Pharmamodul Research Team, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Ilona Bereczki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary; ELKH-DE Pharmamodul Research Team, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Nóra Debreczeni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary; Doctoral School of Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Anikó Borbás
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Pál Herczegh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary; ELKH-DE Pharmamodul Research Team, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Árpád Tósaki
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary; ELKH-DE Pharmamodul Research Team, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.
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Nemeikaitė-Čėnienė A, Haberkant P, Kučiauskas D, Stein F, Čėnas N. Redox Proteomic Profile of Tirapazamine-Resistant Murine Hepatoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076863. [PMID: 37047836 PMCID: PMC10094930 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
3-Amino-1,2,4-benzotriazine-1,4-dioxide (tirapazamine, TPZ) and other heteroaromatic N-oxides (ArN→O) exhibit tumoricidal, antibacterial, and antiprotozoal activities. Their action is attributed to the enzymatic single-electron reduction to free radicals that initiate the prooxidant processes. In order to clarify the mechanisms of aerobic mammalian cytotoxicity of ArN→O, we derived a TPZ-resistant subline of murine hepatoma MH22a cells (resistance index, 5.64). The quantitative proteomic of wild-type and TPZ-resistant cells revealed 5818 proteins, of which 237 were up- and 184 down-regulated. The expression of the antioxidant enzymes aldehyde- and alcohol dehydrogenases, carbonyl reductases, catalase, and glutathione reductase was increased 1.6-5.2 times, whereas the changes in the expression of glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, thioredoxin reductase, and peroxiredoxins were less pronounced. The expression of xenobiotics conjugating glutathione-S-transferases was increased by 1.6-2.6 times. On the other hand, the expression of NADPH:cytochrome P450 reductase was responsible for the single-electron reduction in TPZ and for the 2.1-fold decrease. These data support the fact that the main mechanism of action of TPZ under aerobic conditions is oxidative stress. The unchanged expression of intranuclear antioxidant proteins peroxiredoxin, glutaredoxin, and glutathione peroxidase, and a modest increase in the expression of DNA damage repair proteins, tend to support non-site-specific but not intranuclear oxidative stress as a main factor of TPZ aerobic cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aušra Nemeikaitė-Čėnienė
- State Research Institute Center for Innovative Medicine, Santariškių St. 5, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Per Haberkant
- Proteomics Core Facility EMBL Heidelberg, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dalius Kučiauskas
- Department of Xenobiotics Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry of Vilnius University, Saulėtekio 7, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Frank Stein
- Proteomics Core Facility EMBL Heidelberg, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Narimantas Čėnas
- Department of Xenobiotics Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry of Vilnius University, Saulėtekio 7, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
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Prathima P, Venkaiah K, Pavani R, Rao KVLS, Pitchika GK, Kishori B, Dirisala VR, Pradeepkiran JA, Sainath SB. Transcriptomic profiling identified altered expression of genes associated with testicular functions in adult F1 rats exposed to carbimazole during fetal period. J Proteomics 2023; 274:104811. [PMID: 36592655 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2022.104811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The central goal of this study was to investigate the alterations in transcriptome of testis in F1 generation adult rats exposed to carbimazole prenatally. At post-natal day 100, the testis of rats delivered to carbimazole exposed (time-mated pregnant rats orally administered with carbimazole from gestation day 9 to 21) and control (untreated pregnant rats) groups were subjected to transcriptomic analysis using NGS platform. A total of 187 differentially expressed (up regulated: 49 genes; down regulated: 138) genes were identified in carbimazole exposed rats over controls and the major processes associated with these altered testicular transcripts were examined. Functional clustering analysis suggest that the involvement of identified DEGs were linked to intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways, mitochondrial solute carriers slc25a members, nuclear receptors/zinc family members, steroidogenic pathway and cholesterol synthesis, and growth factors and protein kinases and thus represent potential mediators of the developmental toxic effects of carbimazole in F1 generation rats. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that prenatal exposure to carbimazole prominently affects expression of multiple transcripts implicating key regulatory events associated with testicular functions, spermatogenesis and steroidogenesis in rats at their adulthood. These results support our earlier findings and hypothesis. This background information obtained at the testicular transcriptome during gestational hypothyroidism might be helpful for future studies and experiments to gain additional in-depth analysis and to develop strategies to protect F1 generation male reproductive health. SIGNIFICANCE: The rationale for the paper described thyroid gland changes in the off springs. Antithyroid drugs are widely used to control thyroid disorders and used to control thyroid hormone levels during surgeries. Carbimazole is one of the antithyroid drugs and is a parent molecule of methimazole. Both the drugs can able to cross placenta. During fetal period, the development of thyroid gland is not completely formed and hence, the fetus entirely depends on the maternal thyroid hormones. Therefore, it is conceivable that the disturbances at the level of maternal thyroid hormones could interfere with the development of vital organs such as testis and glands including thyroid gland (Kala et al., 2012). To address this notion, the present study was designed and executed.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Prathima
- Department of Biotechnology, Vikrama Simhapuri University, Nellore 524324, AP, India
| | - K Venkaiah
- Department of Biotechnology, Vikrama Simhapuri University, Nellore 524324, AP, India
| | - R Pavani
- Department of Biotechnology, Vikrama Simhapuri University, Nellore 524324, AP, India
| | - K V L Shrikanya Rao
- Department of Biotechnology, Vikrama Simhapuri University, Nellore 524324, AP, India
| | - Gopi Krishna Pitchika
- Department of Zoology, Vikrama Simhapuri University, Post-Graduation Centre, Kavali 524201, India
| | - B Kishori
- Department of Biotechnology, SPMVV, Tirupati 517 502, AP, India
| | - Vijaya R Dirisala
- Department of Biotechnology, Vignan University, Vadalmudu, 522213 Guntur, Tenali road, AP, India
| | | | - S B Sainath
- Department of Biotechnology, Vikrama Simhapuri University, Nellore 524324, AP, India.
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Glutathione system enhancement for cardiac protection: pharmacological options against oxidative stress and ferroptosis. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:131. [PMID: 36792890 PMCID: PMC9932120 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05645-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
The glutathione (GSH) system is considered to be one of the most powerful endogenous antioxidant systems in the cardiovascular system due to its key contribution to detoxifying xenobiotics and scavenging overreactive oxygen species (ROS). Numerous investigations have suggested that disruption of the GSH system is a critical element in the pathogenesis of myocardial injury. Meanwhile, a newly proposed type of cell death, ferroptosis, has been demonstrated to be closely related to the GSH system, which affects the process and outcome of myocardial injury. Moreover, in facing various pathological challenges, the mammalian heart, which possesses high levels of mitochondria and weak antioxidant capacity, is susceptible to oxidant production and oxidative damage. Therefore, targeted enhancement of the GSH system along with prevention of ferroptosis in the myocardium is a promising therapeutic strategy. In this review, we first systematically describe the physiological functions and anabolism of the GSH system, as well as its effects on cardiac injury. Then, we discuss the relationship between the GSH system and ferroptosis in myocardial injury. Moreover, a comprehensive summary of the activation strategies of the GSH system is presented, where we mainly identify several promising herbal monomers, which may provide valuable guidelines for the exploration of new therapeutic approaches.
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29
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ElGamal RZ, Tadros MG, Menze ET. Linagliptin counteracts rotenone's toxicity in non-diabetic rat model of Parkinson's disease: Insights into the neuroprotective roles of DJ-1, SIRT-1/Nrf-2 and implications of HIF1-α. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 941:175498. [PMID: 36623635 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
While all current therapies' main focus is enhancing dopaminergic effects and remission of symptoms, delaying Parkinson's disease (PD) progression remains a challenging mission. Linagliptin, a Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 (DPP-4) Inhibitor, exhibited neuroprotection in various neurodegenerative diseases. This study aims to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of Linagliptin in a rotenone-induced rat model of PD and investigate the possible underlying mechanisms of Linagliptin's actions. The effects of two doses of Linagliptin (5 and 10 mg/kg) on spontaneous locomotion, catalepsy, coordination and balance, and histology were assessed. Then, after Linagliptin showed promising results, it was further tested for its potential anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic effects, and different pathways for oxidative stress. Linagliptin prevented rotenone-induced motor deficits and histological damage. Besides, it significantly inhibited the rotenone-induced increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines: Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α) and Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and decrease in caspase 3 levels. These effects were associated with induction in the levels of Protein deglycase also known as DJ-1, Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α), potentiation in the Sirtuin 1 (SIRT-1)/Nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2)/Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) pathway, and an increase in the antioxidant activity of catalase which provided neuroprotection to the neurons from rotenone-induced PD. Collectively, these results suggest that Linagliptin might be a suitable candidate for the management of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania Z ElGamal
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University - Kantara Branch, Ismailia, 41636, Egypt.
| | - Mariane G Tadros
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Esther T Menze
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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30
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Lv L, Shu H, Mo X, Tian Y, Guo H, Sun HY. Activation of the Nrf2 Antioxidant Pathway by Longjing Green Tea Polyphenols in Mice Livers. Nat Prod Commun 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x221139409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have revealed that green tea polyphenol (GTP) could protect against liver injury due to oxidative stress. However, the mechanism underlying the bioactive actions of GTP in the liver has not been systematically evaluated. This study aimed to investigate the effect of GTP on the activation of the nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (keap1) pathway, using in silico and in vivo methods. Furthermore, the regulation of Nrf2 downstream target antioxidant response element (ARE) was also evaluated. The high-performance liquid chromatography analysis indicated that GTP includes 9 major compounds, and molecule docking analysis demonstrated that most of these polyphenols have a strong binding affinity with the keap1 Kelch domain, where keap1 binds to the Neh2 domain of Nrf2. Remarkably, the predominant compound of GTP, that is, epigallocatechin gallate, displayed the best binding affinity score, which can fully occupy all 3 polar subpockets of the keap1 Kelch domain. The Nrf2, keap1, and Nrf2 downstream target gene expression levels were changed in the livers compared to the control group. It showed that the Nrf2 expression level was significantly upregulated in GTP-induced mice liver across most treatments, while the keap1 expression level remained unchanged. Subsequently, we observed a significant increasing trend in the expression of the downstream ARE, including antioxidative enzymes, liver phase II enzymes, and liver efflux transporters in mice livers. The present study demonstrated that GTP could activate the Nrf2 signaling pathway by interrupting the Nrf2-keap1 protein–protein interaction
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Lv
- Postdoctoral Innovation Practice Base, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- School of Applied Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Haoyue Shu
- Postdoctoral Innovation Practice Base, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoye Mo
- School of Food and Drug, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongjing Tian
- School of Food and Drug, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Guo
- School of Food and Drug, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Yan Sun
- School of Food and Drug, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
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Wei Z, Xie Y, Wei M, Zhao H, Ren K, Feng Q, Xu Y. New insights in ferroptosis: Potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of ischemic stroke. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1020918. [PMID: 36425577 PMCID: PMC9679292 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1020918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke is a common disease in clinical practice, which seriously endangers people's physical and mental health. The neurovascular unit (NVU) plays a key role in the occurrence and development of ischemic stroke. Different from other classical types of cell death such as apoptosis, necrosis, autophagy, and pyroptosis, ferroptosis is an iron-dependent lipid peroxidation-driven new form of cell death. Interestingly, the function of NVU and stroke development can be regulated by activating or inhibiting ferroptosis. This review systematically describes the NVU in ischemic stroke, provides a comprehensive overview of the regulatory mechanisms and key regulators of ferroptosis, and uncovers the role of ferroptosis in the NVU and the progression of ischemic stroke. We further discuss the latest progress in the intervention of ferroptosis as a therapeutic target for ischemic stroke and summarize the research progress and regulatory mechanism of ferroptosis inhibitors on stroke. In conclusion, ferroptosis, as a new form of cell death, plays a key role in ischemic stroke and is expected to become a new therapeutic target for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqing Wei
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Clinical Systems Biology Laboratories, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yi Xie
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mingze Wei
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Huijuan Zhao
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Basic Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Kaidi Ren
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Precision Clinical Pharmacy, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Application & Translation of Precision Clinical Pharmacy, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qi Feng
- Research Institute of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Province Research Center for Kidney Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuming Xu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Khin Aung ZM, Jantaratnotai N, Piyachaturawat P, Sanvarinda P. A pure compound from Curcuma comosa Roxb. protects neurons against hydrogen peroxide-induced neurotoxicity via the activation of Nrf-2. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11228. [DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
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Glucose Increases Hepatic Mitochondrial Antioxidant Enzyme Activities in Insulin Resistant Rats Following Chronic Angiotensin Receptor Blockade. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810897. [PMID: 36142809 PMCID: PMC9505141 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) affects up to 20% of the world’s population. Overactivation of the angiotensin receptor type 1 (AT1) contributes to metabolic dysfunction and increased oxidant production, which are associated with NAFLD and impaired hepatic lipid metabolism. Nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) regulates the expression of antioxidant phase II genes by binding to the antioxidant response element (ARE); however, the mechanisms by which AT1 contributes to this pathway during the progression of NAFLD remain unresolved. To investigate hepatic Nrf2 response to a hyperglycemic challenge, we studied three groups of rats (male, 10-weeks-old): (1) untreated, lean Long Evans Tokushima Otsuka (LETO), (2) untreated, obese Otsuka Long Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF), and (3) OLETF + angiotensin receptor blocker (OLETF + ARB; 10 mg olmesartan/kg/d × 6 weeks). Livers were collected after overnight fasting (T0; baseline), and 1 h and 2 h post-oral glucose load. At baseline, chronic AT1 blockade increased nuclear Nrf2 content, reduced expression of glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic (GCLC) subunit, glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx1), and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), mitochondrial catalase activity, and hepatic 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE) content. The expression of hepatic interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and collagen type IV, which are associated with liver fibrosis, were decreased with AT1 blockade. Glucose increased Nrf2 translocation in OLETF but was reduced in ARB, suggesting that glucose induces the need for antioxidant defense that is ameliorated with ARB. These results suggest that overactivation of AT1 promotes oxidant damage by suppressing Nrf2 and contributing to hepatic fibrosis associated with NAFLD development.
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Bai L, He G, Gao C, Yang H, Li M, Huang Y, Moussa M, Xu C. Tanshinone IIA enhances the ovarian reserve and attenuates ovarian oxidative stress in aged mice. Vet Med Sci 2022; 8:1617-1625. [PMID: 35451235 PMCID: PMC9297741 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tanshinone IIA (TSA), a major lipophilic component extracted from the roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, has been widely used in China for its various biological activities. However, its effect on ovarian reserve in aged mice was not studied elsewhere. Objectives This study aimed to explore the effect of TSA on the ovarian reserve of aged mice as well as young mice. Forty weeks old mice (N = 40) were considered as aged group compared to 4 weeks old mice (N = 40), and these groups were subdivided into four subgroups (N = 10) to receive different doses of TSA (0, 10, 20, and 40 μg/g/day). Methods The effect of TSA was evaluated by counting follicular number by histological examination. Basal serum levels of FSH, LH, E2, and anti‐Mullerian hormone (AMH) were measured by ELISA. Moreover, the expression levels of antioxidant genes (CAT, Nrf2, GPX1), gap junction (Cx37), ERK1/2, and Smad5 family gene were examined at both mRNA (qPCR) and protein levels (western blot). Results Follicular number, level of AMH and E2, and the expression of CAT, Nrf2, and GPX1 genes increased significantly (p < 0.05) in aged mice administrated with medium (20 μg/g/day) and high (40 μg/g/day) doses of TSA, whereas FSH and LH levels were significantly low compared to low dose (10 μg/g/day) and control (0 μg/g/day) aged subgroups. However, we did not observe any effect of all doses of TSA on young mice. Conclusions Administration of TSA with medium and high doses up‐regulates the expression of antioxidative genes, reduces the oxidative injury, increases levels of AMH, and E2 levels that are relatively comparable to those in young mice, and consequently results in a healthy oocyte development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Bai
- School of Basic Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Guozhen He
- School of Basic Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Chenghai Gao
- School of Basic Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Hua Yang
- Nanning Second People's Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Mingxing Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Yulin Huang
- School of Basic Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Mahmoud Moussa
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Changlong Xu
- Nanning Second People's Hospital, Nanning, China
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Thomas SD, Jha NK, Sadek B, Ojha S. Repurposing Dimethyl Fumarate for Cardiovascular Diseases: Pharmacological Effects, Molecular Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Promise. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15050497. [PMID: 35631325 PMCID: PMC9143321 DOI: 10.3390/ph15050497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is a small molecule that has been shown to assert potent in vivo immunoregulatory and anti-inflammatory therapeutic actions. The drug has been approved and is currently in use for treating multiple sclerosis and psoriasis in the USA and Europe. Since inflammatory reactions have been significantly implicated in the etiology and progression of diverse disease states, the pharmacological actions of DMF are presently being explored and generalized to other diseases where inflammation needs to be suppressed and immunoregulation is desirable, either as a monotherapeutic agent or as an adjuvant. In this review, we focus on DMF, and present an overview of its mechanism of action while briefly discussing its pharmacokinetic profile. We further discuss in detail its pharmacological uses and highlight its potential applications in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. DMF, with its unique combination of anti-inflammatory and vasculoprotective effects, has the potential to be repurposed as a therapeutic agent in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. The clinical studies mentioned in this review with respect to the beneficial effects of DMF in atherosclerosis involve observations in patients with multiple sclerosis and psoriasis in small cohorts and for short durations. The findings of these studies need to be assessed in larger prospective clinical trials, ideally with a double-blind randomized study design, investigating the effects on cardiovascular endpoints as well as morbidity and mortality. The long-term impact of DMF therapy on cardiovascular diseases also needs to be confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilu Deepa Thomas
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates;
- Zayed Bin Sultan Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology (SET), Sharda University, Greater Noida 201310, India;
| | - Bassem Sadek
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates;
- Zayed Bin Sultan Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
- Correspondence: (B.S.); (S.O.)
| | - Shreesh Ojha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates;
- Zayed Bin Sultan Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
- Correspondence: (B.S.); (S.O.)
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36
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Tiwari PC, Chaudhary MJ, Pal R, Kartik S, Nath R. Pharmacological, Biochemical and Immunological Studies on Protective Effect of Mangiferin in 6-Hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-Induced Parkinson's Disease in Rats. Ann Neurosci 2022; 28:137-149. [PMID: 35341236 PMCID: PMC8948331 DOI: 10.1177/09727531211051976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Parkinson’s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder and is marked by
inflammation and death of neurons in the striatum region of the midbrain. It
has been reported that expression of NF-κB increases during Parkinson’s
disease, which promotes oxidative stress, stimulates release of
proinflammatory cytokines, and induces expression of nitric oxide.
Therefore, in this study, we have used mangiferin a specific NF-κB
inhibitor. Mangiferin is a polyphenolic compound traditionally used for its
antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Methods: The study utilized male Wistar rats weighing 200–250 g (56 rats;
n = 8/group). On day “0,” stereotaxic surgery of rats
was done to induce 6-hydroxydopamine lesioning in rats. Coordinates for
substantia nigra were anteroposterior-2 mm, mediolateral-5 mm and
dorsoventral-8.2 mm. After 14 days, those rats which show at least 210
contralateral rotations after administration of apomorphine (0.5 mg/kg S.C.)
were selected for the study and were given treatment for 28 days. On day 28
of treatment, rats were subjected to behavioral studies to evaluate the
effect of mangiferin and their brains were taken out after euthanasia to
perform biochemical, molecular and immunological studies. Results: Treatment with mangiferin significantly improves the key parameters of
locomotor activity and oxidative stress and reduces the parameters of
inflammatory stress. Also, the activity of caspases was reduced. Significant
decrease in activity of both cyclooxygenase 1 and 2 was also observed.
Maximum improvement in all parameters was observed in rats treated with
grouping of mangiferin 45 µg/kg and levodopa 10 mg/kg. Treatment with
levodopa alone has no significant effect on biochemical and molecular
parameters though it significantly improves behavioral parameters. Conclusion: Current treatment of Parkinson’s disease does not target progression of
Parkinson’s disease. Results of this study suggest that mangiferin has
protective effect in hemi-Parkinsonian rats. Therefore, the combination
therapy of mangiferin and levodopa can be helpful in management of
Parkinson’s disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prafulla Chandra Tiwari
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Manju J Chaudhary
- Department of Physiology, Government Medical College, Kannauj, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rishi Pal
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shipra Kartik
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rajendra Nath
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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37
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Najjar RS, Mu S, Feresin RG. Blueberry Polyphenols Increase Nitric Oxide and Attenuate Angiotensin II-Induced Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Signaling in Human Aortic Endothelial Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11040616. [PMID: 35453301 PMCID: PMC9026874 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicate that blueberries have anti-hypertensive properties, which may be mainly due to its rich polyphenol content and their high antioxidant capacity. Thus, we aimed to investigate the mechanisms by which blueberry polyphenols exert these effects. Human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) were incubated with 200 µg/mL blueberry polyphenol extract (BPE) for 1 h prior to a 12 h treatment with angiotensin (Ang) II, a potent vasoconstrictor. Our results indicate that Ang II increased levels of superoxide anions and decreased NO levels in HAECs. These effects were attenuated by pre-treatment with BPE. Ang II increased the expression of the pro-oxidant enzyme NOX1, which was not attenuated by BPE. Pre-treatment with BPE attenuated the Ang II-induced increase in the phosphorylation of the redox-sensitive MAPK kinases, SAPK/JNK and p38. BPE increased the expression of the redox-transcription factor NRF2 as well as detoxifying and antioxidant enzymes it transcribes including HO-1, NQO1, and SOD1. We also show that BPE attenuates the Ang II-induced phosphorylation of the NF-κB p65 subunit. Further, we show that inhibition of NRF2 leads to a decrease in the expression of HO-1 and increased phosphorylation of the NF-κB p65 subunit in HAECs treated with BPE and Ang II. These findings indicate that BPE acts through a NRF2-dependent mechanism to reduce oxidative stress and increase NO levels in Ang II-treated HAECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rami S. Najjar
- Department of Nutrition, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA;
| | - Shengyu Mu
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA;
| | - Rafaela G. Feresin
- Department of Nutrition, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA;
- Department of Nutrition & Dietetics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-404-413-1233
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6-Gingerol exerts a protective effect against hypoxic injury through the p38/Nrf2/HO-1 and p38/NF-κB pathway in H9c2 cells. J Nutr Biochem 2022; 104:108975. [PMID: 35245652 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.108975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Ginger, one of the most widely consumed condiment for various foods and beverages, has many pharmacological effects. 6-gingerol, a naturally occurring phenol, is one of the major pungent constituents of ginger. The purpose of this study was to characterize the effect of 6-gingerol on the p38/Nrf2/HO-1 and p38/NF-κB signaling pathway, as a possible means of combating hypoxia-related oxidative stress. H9c2 cells were chemically induced with CoCl2 to mimic hypoxia-associated cellular damage. Cardiomyocyte injury was assessed by lactate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase. Reactive oxygen species production was assessed by 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate. The antioxidative property of 6-gingerol was measured by estimating the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione and glutathione disulfide. Apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry after Annexin V-FITC-propidium iodide double staining. Western blotting was used to evaluate levels of p-p38, p38, cytoplasm p65, nuclear p65, total p65, nuclear Nrf2, total Nrf2, Keap1, HIF-1α, and HO-1. 6-gingerol was able to counter hypoxia-induced cardiomyocyte injury as evidenced by inhibiting the levels of oxidative stress indexes and increasing the percentage of apoptosis. Furthermore, 6-gingerol was able to down-regulate p-p38/p38, nuclear p65, total p65 and Keap1 expression induced by CoCl2 stimulation and increased cytoplasm p65, nuclear Nrf2, total Nrf2, HO-1, and HIF-1α expression. However, treatment with specific Nrf2 inhibitor blunted the activation of Nrf2 signaling and removed the protective effects of 6-gingerol. These experiments provide evidence that 6-gingerol exerts cytoprotective effects, which may be associated with the regulation of oxidative stress and apoptosis, potentially through activating the Nrf2 pathway and inhibiting the p38/NF-κB pathways.
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Zhu H, Bui A, Santo A, Li YR. 3H-1,2-dithiole-3-thione suppresses LPS-induced proinflammatory responses in macrophages: potential involvement of antioxidant induction, NF-κB, and Nrf2. Mol Cell Biochem 2022; 477:1499-1506. [PMID: 35179677 PMCID: PMC8989649 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04331-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Previously, we reported that 3H-1,2-dithiole-3-thione (D3T), an Nrf2 activator, acted as a potential chemoprotectant against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mortality in mice. In view of the critical involvement of macrophages in the pathogenesis of LPS-induced endotoxemia, in the present study, we investigated the protective effects of D3T on LPS-induced proinflammatory responses in cultured murine RAW 264.7 macrophage cell line and primary peritoneal macrophages and the potential involvement of antioxidant induction, NF-κB, and Nrf2. We showed that treatment with D3T resulted in increased levels of a series of antioxidants in RAW 264.7 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. These included the reduced form of glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glutathione S-transferase, and NADPH:quinone oxidoreductase 1. Catalase was also potently induced by D3T which, however, did not show a concentration dependency. Concurrent with the ability to induce the above cellular antioxidants, D3T pretreatment of RAW 264.7 cells also led to a concentration-dependent suppression of LPS-induced interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) production and nitric oxide release. LPS-stimulated tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) production was also suppressed by D3T, but to a much lesser extent. Using NF-κB reporter gene-expressing RAW 264.7 cells, we further showed that D3T pretreatment also suppressed LPS-induced NF-κB activation. To investigate the potential involvement of Nrf2, a chief regulator of cellular antioxidant genes, we used peritoneal macrophages isolated from Nrf2+/+ and Nrf2-/- mice. Our results showed that D3T pretreatment suppressed LPS-induced proinflammatory responses in Nrf2+/+ macrophages, and this inhibitory effect of D3T was completely lost in Nrf2-/- macrophages. Collectively, the results of the present study demonstrated that D3T acted as a potent suppressor of LPS-induced proinflammatory responses in macrophages. Antioxidant induction, NF-κB suppression, and Nrf2 activation appeared to contribute to the anti-proinflammatory activity of D3T in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhu
- Campbell University Jerry M. Wallace School of Osteopathic Medicine, Buies Creek, NC, 27506, USA.
| | - An Bui
- Campbell University Jerry M. Wallace School of Osteopathic Medicine, Buies Creek, NC, 27506, USA
| | - Arben Santo
- Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, Virginia Tech Corporate Research Center, Blacksburg, VA, 24060, USA
| | - Y Robert Li
- Campbell University Jerry M. Wallace School of Osteopathic Medicine, Buies Creek, NC, 27506, USA
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The Potential of Nrf2 Activation as a Therapeutic Target in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12020151. [PMID: 35208225 PMCID: PMC8876688 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12020151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation and oxidative stress are well established in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and are critical to the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. The transcription factor NF-E2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a central regulator of cellular anti-oxidative responses, inflammation, and restoration of redox balance. Accumulating reports support an emerging role for the regulation of Nrf2 in SLE. These include findings on the development of lupus-like autoimmune nephritis and altered immune cell populations in mice lacking Nrf2, as well as decreased Nrf2 abundance in the dendritic cells of patients with SLE. Nrf2-inducing agents have been shown to alleviate oxidative and inflammatory stress and reduce tissue injury in SLE mouse models. Since Nrf2 expression can be increased in activated T cells, the precise role of Nrf2 activation in different immune cell types and their function remains to be defined. However, targeting Nrf2 for the treatment of diseases associated with oxidative stress and inflammation, such as SLE, is promising. As investigation of Nrf2-inducing agents in clinical trials grows, defining the signaling and molecular mechanisms of action and downstream effects in response to different Nrf2-inducing agents in specific cells, tissues, and diseases, will be critical for effective clinical use.
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Giraud-Billoud M, Campoy-Diaz AD, Dellagnola FA, Rodriguez C, Vega IA. Antioxidant Responses Induced by Short-Term Activity–Estivation–Arousal Cycle in Pomacea canaliculata. Front Physiol 2022; 13:805168. [PMID: 35185614 PMCID: PMC8847974 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.805168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-term estivation (45 days) in the apple snail Pomacea canaliculata induces an increase of non-enzymatic antioxidants, such as uric acid and reduced glutathione (GSH), which constitutes an alternative to the adaptive physiological strategy of preparation for oxidative stress (POS). Here, we studied markers of oxidative stress damage, uric acid levels, and non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity, enzymatic antioxidant defenses, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione S-transferase (GST), and transcription factors expression [forkhead box protein O (FOXO), hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF1α), and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)] in control active animals, 7-day estivating and aroused snails, in digestive gland, gill, and lung tissue samples. In the digestive gland, SOD and CAT activities significantly increased after estivation and decreased during arousal. Meanwhile, GST activity decreased significantly during the activity–estivation–arousal cycle. Gill CAT activity increased significantly at 7 days of estivation, and it decreased during arousal. In the lung, the CAT activity level increased significantly during the cycle. FOXO upregulation was observed in the studied tissues, decreasing its expression only in the gill of aroused animals during the cycle. HIF1α and Nrf2 transcription factors decreased their expression during estivation in the gill, while in the lung and the digestive gland, both transcription factors did not show significant changes. Our results showed that the short-term estivation induced oxidative stress in different tissues of P. canaliculata thereby increasing overall antioxidant enzymes activity and highlighting the role of FOXO regulation as a possible underlying mechanism of the POS strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximiliano Giraud-Billoud
- IHEM, CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Instituto de Fisiología, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Escuela de Ciencias de la Salud-Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Villa Mercedes, San Luis, Argentina
- *Correspondence: Maximiliano Giraud-Billoud,
| | - Alejandra D. Campoy-Diaz
- IHEM, CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Instituto de Fisiología, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Escuela de Ciencias de la Salud-Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Villa Mercedes, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Federico A. Dellagnola
- IHEM, CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Instituto de Fisiología, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Cristian Rodriguez
- IHEM, CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Instituto de Fisiología, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Israel A. Vega
- IHEM, CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Instituto de Fisiología, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
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Chen QM. Nrf2 for protection against oxidant generation and mitochondrial damage in cardiac injury. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 179:133-143. [PMID: 34921930 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction is the most common form of acute coronary syndrome. Blockage of a coronary artery due to blood clotting leads to ischemia and subsequent cell death in the form of necrosis, apoptosis, necroptosis and ferroptosis. Revascularization by coronary artery bypass graft surgery or non-surgical percutaneous coronary intervention combined with pharmacotherapy is effective in relieving symptoms and decreasing mortality. However, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated from damaged mitochondria, NADPH oxidases, xanthine oxidase, and inflammation. Impairment of mitochondria is shown as decreased metabolic activity, increased ROS production, membrane permeability transition, and release of mitochondrial proteins into the cytoplasm. Oxidative stress activates Nrf2 transcription factor, which in turn mediates the expression of mitofusin 2 (Mfn 2) and proteasomal genes. Increased expression of Mfn2 and inhibition of mitochondrial fission due to decreased Drp1 protein by proteasomal degradation contribute to mitochondrial hyperfusion. Damaged mitochondria can be removed by mitophagy via Parkin or p62 mediated ubiquitination. Mitochondrial biogenesis compensates for the loss of mitochondria, but requires mitochondrial DNA replication and initiation of transcription or translation of mitochondrial genes. Experimental evidence supports a role of Nrf2 in mitophagy, via up-regulation of PINK1 or p62 gene expression; and in mitochondrial biogenesis, by influencing the expression of PGC-1α, NResF1, NResF2, TFAM and mitochondrial genes. Oxidative stress causes Nrf2 activation via Keap1 dissociation, de novo protein translation, and nuclear translocation related to inactivation of GSK3β. The mechanism of Keap 1 mediated Nrf2 activation has been hijacked for Nrf2 activation by small molecules derived from natural products, some of which have been shown capable of mitochondrial protection. Multiple lines of evidence support the importance of Nrf2 in protecting mitochondria and preserving or renewing energy metabolism following tissue injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin M Chen
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, 1295 N. Martin Avenue, Tucson, AZ, 85721, United States.
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Jaboticaba (Myrciaria jaboticaba) Attenuates Ventricular Remodeling after Myocardial Infarction in Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020249. [PMID: 35204132 PMCID: PMC8868135 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction is characterized by inflammation and oxidative stress. Thus, this study aimed to test the hypothesis that jaboticaba, due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidants properties, attenuates cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction. Wistar rats were submitted to myocardial infarction due to coronary artery occlusion, and divided into four experimental groups: C, sham control animals; I, animals submitted to myocardial infarction, received a standard diet; IJ2, animals submitted to myocardial infarction, received a standard diet plus 2% jaboticaba; and IJ4, animals submitted to myocardial infarction, received a standard diet plus 4% jaboticaba. After a three-month follow-up, echocardiography, histology, oxidative stress, and cardiac energy metabolism were analyzed. There was no difference in infarct size or mortality among the infarcted groups. The IJ4 group displayed improved diastolic function, as assessed by isovolumetric relaxation time normalized to the heart rate. As expected, the percentage of collagen was higher in all infarcted groups than in the C group. However, the IJ2 group had less collagen than groups I and IJ4. The IJ4 group presented lower PFK activity than I and IJ2, and lower pyruvate dehydrogenase activity than controls, whereas the IJ2 group showed no differences compared to the control group in both LDH and ATP synthase activity. The 2% and 4% doses attenuated lipid peroxidation and increased the activity of glutathione peroxidase compared with the I group. In conclusion, jaboticaba attenuated the remodeling process after myocardial infarction, which was associated with decreased oxidative stress and improved energy metabolism.
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Alvi AM, Shah FA, Muhammad AJ, Feng J, Li S. 1,3,4, Oxadiazole Compound A3 Provides Robust Protection Against PTZ-Induced Neuroinflammation and Oxidative Stress by Regulating Nrf2-Pathway. J Inflamm Res 2022; 14:7393-7409. [PMID: 35002275 PMCID: PMC8721032 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s333451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder that is characterized by recurrent episodes of seizures. Various studies have demonstrated a direct association between oxidative stress and inflammation in several neurological disorders including epilepsy. This study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of a synthetic 1,3,4, oxadiazole compound A3 against pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced kindling and seizure model. Methodology PTZ was administered in a sub-convulsive dose of 40 mg/kg for 15 days, at 48-hour intervals to male Swiss-Albino mice until animals were fully kindled. Two different doses of A3 (10 mg/kg and 30 mg/kg) were administered to find out the effective dose of A3 and to further demonstrate the relative role of nuclear factor E2-related factor (Nrf2) in the PTZ-induced kindled model. Results Our results demonstrated a compromised antioxidant capacity associated with a low level of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GST), and glutathione S-transferase (GSH) in the kindled group. However, the PTZ-induced group demonstrated an elevated level of lipid peroxidation (LPO) level parallel to pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), mediators as cyclooxygenase (COX-2), and nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB). Furthermore, the A3 treatment reversed these changes and overexpressed the antioxidant Nrf2 gene and its downstream HO-1. To further investigate the involvement of Nrf2, we employed an Nrf2-inhibitor, ie, all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), that further aggravated the PTZ toxicity. Moreover, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression was evaluated to assess the extent of BBB disruption. Conclusion The findings of this study suggest that A3 could mediate neuroprotection possibly by activating Nrf2 dependent downregulation of inflammatory cascades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arooj Mohsin Alvi
- Department of Neonatology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital Shenzhen, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pharmacology, Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Fawad Ali Shah
- Department of Pharmacology, Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Asmaa Jan Muhammad
- Department of Pharmacology, Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Jinxing Feng
- Department of Neonatology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital Shenzhen, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Shupeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Graduate School, Peking University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
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Purba RAP, Paengkoum S, Yuangklang C, Paengkoum P, Salem AZM, Juan Boo L. Mammary gene expressions and oxidative indicators in ruminal fluid, blood, milk, and mammary tissue of dairy goats fed a total mixed ration containing piper meal (Piper betle L.). ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2021.2007173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rayudika Aprilia Patindra Purba
- School of Animal Technology and Innovation, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
| | - Siwaporn Paengkoum
- Program in Agriculture, Faculty of Science and Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima Rajabhat University, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
| | - Chalermpon Yuangklang
- Department of Agricultural Technology and Environment, Faculty of Sciences and Liberal Arts, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
| | - Pramote Paengkoum
- School of Animal Technology and Innovation, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
| | | | - Liang Juan Boo
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
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DeMoranville KJ, Carter WA, Pierce BJ, McWilliams SR. Flight and dietary antioxidants influence antioxidant expression and activity in a migratory bird. Integr Org Biol 2021; 4:obab035. [PMID: 35112051 PMCID: PMC8802218 DOI: 10.1093/iob/obab035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ecologically relevant factors such as exercise and diet quality can directly influence how physiological systems work including those involved in maintaining oxidative balance; however, to our knowledge, no studies to date have focused on how such factors directly affect expression of key components of the endogenous antioxidant system (i.e., transcription factors, select antioxidant genes, and corresponding antioxidant enzymes) in several metabolically active tissues of a migratory songbird. We conducted a three-factor experiment that tested the following hypotheses: (H1) Daily flying over several weeks increases the expression of transcription factors NRF2 and PPARs as well as endogenous antioxidant genes (i.e., CAT, SOD1, SOD2, GPX1, GPX4), and upregulates endogenous antioxidant enzyme activities (i.e., CAT, SOD, GPx). (H2) Songbirds fed diets composed of more 18:2n-6 PUFA are more susceptible to oxidative damage and thus upregulate their endogenous antioxidant system compared with when fed diets with less PUFA. (H3) Songbirds fed dietary anthocyanins gain additional antioxidant protection and thus upregulate their endogenous antioxidant system less compared with songbirds not fed anthocyanins. Flight training increased the expression of 3 of the 6 antioxidant genes and transcription factors measured in the liver, consistent with H1, but for only one gene (SOD2) in the pectoralis. Dietary fat quality had no effect on antioxidant pathways (H2), whereas dietary anthocyanins increased the expression of select antioxidant enzymes in the pectoralis, but not in the liver (H3). These tissue-specific differences in response to flying and dietary antioxidants are likely explained by functional differences between tissues as well as fundamental differences in their turnover rates. The consumption of dietary antioxidants along with regular flying enables birds during migration to stimulate the expression of genes involved in antioxidant protection likely through increasing the transcriptional activity of NRF2 and PPARs, and thereby demonstrates for the first time that these relevant ecological factors affect the regulation of key antioxidant pathways in wild birds. What remains to be demonstrated is how the extent of these ecological factors (i.e., intensity or duration of flight, amounts of dietary antioxidants) influences the regulation of these antioxidant pathways and thus oxidative balance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wales A Carter
- Dept. of Natural Resources Science, University of Rhode Island, Kingston RI 02881
| | | | - Scott R McWilliams
- Dept. of Natural Resources Science, University of Rhode Island, Kingston RI 02881
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Ghareghomi S, Rahban M, Moosavi-Movahedi Z, Habibi-Rezaei M, Saso L, Moosavi-Movahedi AA. The Potential Role of Curcumin in Modulating the Master Antioxidant Pathway in Diabetic Hypoxia-Induced Complications. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26247658. [PMID: 34946740 PMCID: PMC8706440 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26247658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is the leading player in the onset and development of various diseases. The Keap1-Nrf2 pathway is a pivotal antioxidant system that preserves the cells' redox balance. It decreases inflammation in which the nuclear trans-localization of Nrf2 as a transcription factor promotes various antioxidant responses in cells. Through some other directions and regulatory proteins, this pathway plays a fundamental role in preventing several diseases and reducing their complications. Regulation of the Nrf2 pathway occurs on transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels, and these regulations play a significant role in its activity. There is a subtle correlation between the Nrf2 pathway and the pivotal signaling pathways, including PI3 kinase/AKT/mTOR, NF-κB and HIF-1 factors. This demonstrates its role in the development of various diseases. Curcumin is a yellow polyphenolic compound from Curcuma longa with multiple bioactivities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and anti-viral activities. Since hyperglycemia and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) are the leading causes of common diabetic complications, reducing the generation of ROS can be a fundamental approach to dealing with these complications. Curcumin can be considered a potential treatment option by creating an efficient therapeutic to counteract ROS and reduce its detrimental effects. This review discusses Nrf2 pathway regulation at different levels and its correlation with other important pathways and proteins in the cell involved in the progression of diabetic complications and targeting these pathways by curcumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayyeh Ghareghomi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417466191, Iran; (S.G.); (M.R.)
| | - Mahdie Rahban
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417466191, Iran; (S.G.); (M.R.)
| | | | - Mehran Habibi-Rezaei
- School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417466191, Iran
- Center of Excellence in NanoBiomedicine, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417466191, Iran
- Correspondence: (M.H.-R.); (A.A.M.-M.); Tel.: +98-21-6111-3214 (M.H.-R.); +98-21-6111-3381 (A.A.M.-M.); Fax: +98-21-6697-1941 (M.H.-R.); +98-21-6640-4680 (A.A.M.-M.)
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer,” Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Ali Akbar Moosavi-Movahedi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417466191, Iran; (S.G.); (M.R.)
- UNESCO Chair on Interdisciplinary Research in Diabetes, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417466191, Iran
- Correspondence: (M.H.-R.); (A.A.M.-M.); Tel.: +98-21-6111-3214 (M.H.-R.); +98-21-6111-3381 (A.A.M.-M.); Fax: +98-21-6697-1941 (M.H.-R.); +98-21-6640-4680 (A.A.M.-M.)
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Sehati F, Ahmadi I, Farivar N, Ranjbaran M, Sadat-Shirazi MS, Nabavizadeh F, Mahla Shavakandi S, Ashabi G. Tannic acid protects aged brain against cerebral hypoperfusion via modulation of Nrf2 and inflammatory pathways. Neurosci Lett 2021; 765:136263. [PMID: 34562517 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.136263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Current study purposed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of Tannic Acid (TA) on mild chronic cerebral hypoperfusion model in rats. Male Wistar rats were subjected to permanent Unilateral Common Carotid Artery Occlusion (UCCAO), followed by TA treatment (0.05% w/v) in drinking water for one month. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO-1), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), caspase-3, blood triglyceride, blood glucose, and liver enzymes' activity were detected after the experimental period. Also, behavioral tests, hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, and PET scan were performed after treatment. Post-treatment of TA improved locomotion and memory function (P < 0.001), and reduced neural cell death (P < 0.001) in the treatment group compared to UCCAO rats. Furthermore, long-term TA treatment significantly increased the levels of Nrf2 (P < 0.001), NQO-1 (P < 0.001), and HO-1 (P < 0.001) in the hippocampus of the treatment group compared to the UCCAO group. TA consumption in the treatment group applied its anti-inflammatory effects via reducing the activity of NF-κB and TNF-α in comparison with the UCCAO group (P < 0.001 for both). Blood triglyceride, blood glucose, and liver enzymes did not change considerably in the groups (P > 0.05). The current results indicate that long-term post-treatment of TA exhibits protective effects against memory deficit and motor dysfunction. The cellular mechanism of TA in hypoperfused rats might be associated with the activation of antioxidant pathways, especially the Nrf2 pathway, and suppressing inflammatory factors like NF-κB and TNF-α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fardin Sehati
- Electrophysiology Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Iraj Ahmadi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Nika Farivar
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mina Ranjbaran
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mitra-Sadat Sadat-Shirazi
- Department of Genetic, Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Nabavizadeh
- Electrophysiology Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ghorbangol Ashabi
- Electrophysiology Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Mata A, Cadenas S. The Antioxidant Transcription Factor Nrf2 in Cardiac Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11939. [PMID: 34769371 PMCID: PMC8585042 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a transcription factor that controls cellular defense responses against toxic and oxidative stress by modulating the expression of genes involved in antioxidant response and drug detoxification. In addition to maintaining redox homeostasis, Nrf2 is also involved in various cellular processes including metabolism and inflammation. Nrf2 activity is tightly regulated at the transcriptional, post-transcriptional and post-translational levels, which allows cells to quickly respond to pathological stress. In the present review, we describe the molecular mechanisms underlying the transcriptional regulation of Nrf2. We also focus on the impact of Nrf2 in cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury, a condition that stimulates the overproduction of reactive oxygen species. Finally, we analyze the protective effect of several natural and synthetic compounds that induce Nrf2 activation and protect against ischemia-reperfusion injury in the heart and other organs, and their potential clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Mata
- Centro de Biología Molecular “Severo Ochoa” (CSIC/UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Susana Cadenas
- Centro de Biología Molecular “Severo Ochoa” (CSIC/UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), 28006 Madrid, Spain
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50
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Zhong G, He Y, Wan F, Wu S, Jiang X, Tang Z, Hu L. Effects of Long-Term Exposure to Copper on the Keap1/Nrf2 Signaling Pathway and Msr-Related Redox Status in the Kidneys of Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:4205-4217. [PMID: 33479888 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02557-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to examine the effects of long-term exposure on oxidative damage, Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway, and Msr-related redox status in the kidneys of rats. Therefore, in this experimental study, a total of 32 CD-1 rats were randomized into 4 groups and treated with 30-, 60-, and 120-mg/kg Cu for 24 weeks. Different serum biomarkers suggestive of renal functions, pathological changes, and oxidative stress were analyzed in kidney tissues. Moreover, the levels of the Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway and redox status-related gene mRNA and proteins were also detected. The results indicated that Cu exposure dramatically increased the contents of creatinine and carbamide. Furthermore, histopathological alterations and mitochondrial damage in kidneys of rats of different Cu-treated groups were obviously observed. In addition, Cu exposure markedly changed the levels of glutathione, catalase, and total antioxidant capacity, and upregulated the contents of protein carbonyl, nitric oxide, and malondialdehyde. Moreover, higher levels of Cu treatments significantly increased the expression of Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway and redox status-related genes (NQO1, SOD-1, TRX, MsrA, MsrB1, MsrB2, MsrB3). Simultaneously, the mRNA expression levels of Nrf2, HO-1, and CAT were upregulated in rats exposed to 30- and 60-mg/kg Cu, but downregulated in the 120-mg/kg Cu group compared with the control group. Moreover, the Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway and redox status-related protein expression levels (HO-1, SOD-1, TRX, MsrA, MsrB1, MsrB2) were significantly increased in treated rats. In summary, it is suggested that the Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway and activation of Msr prevent Cu-induced nephrotoxicity and attenuate oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaolong Zhong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Ying He
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning, 530001, China
| | - Fang Wan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Shaofeng Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xuanxuan Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zhaoxin Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Lianmei Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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