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Wójcik P, Jastrzębski MK, Zięba A, Matosiuk D, Kaczor AA. Caspases in Alzheimer's Disease: Mechanism of Activation, Role, and Potential Treatment. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:4834-4853. [PMID: 38135855 PMCID: PMC11236938 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03847-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
With the aging of the population, treatment of conditions emerging in old age, such as neurodegenerative disorders, has become a major medical challenge. Of these, Alzheimer's disease, leading to cognitive dysfunction, is of particular interest. Neuronal loss plays an important role in the pathophysiology of this condition, and over the years, a great effort has been made to determine the role of various factors in this process. Unfortunately, until now, the exact pathomechanism of this condition remains unknown. However, the most popular theories associate AD with abnormalities in the Tau and β-amyloid (Aβ) proteins, which lead to their deposition and result in neuronal death. Neurons, like all cells, die in a variety of ways, among which pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis are associated with the activation of various caspases. It is worth mentioning that Tau and Aβ proteins are considered to be one of the caspase activators, leading to cell death. Moreover, the protease activity of caspases influences both of the previously mentioned proteins, Tau and Aβ, converting them into more toxic derivatives. Due to the variety of ways caspases impact the development of AD, drugs targeting caspases could potentially be useful in the treatment of this condition. Therefore, there is a constant need to search for novel caspase inhibitors and evaluate them in preclinical and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Wójcik
- Department of Synthesis and Chemical Technology of Pharmaceutical Substances with Computer Modeling Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 4A Chodzki St., 20093, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Michał K Jastrzębski
- Department of Synthesis and Chemical Technology of Pharmaceutical Substances with Computer Modeling Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 4A Chodzki St., 20093, Lublin, Poland
| | - Agata Zięba
- Department of Synthesis and Chemical Technology of Pharmaceutical Substances with Computer Modeling Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 4A Chodzki St., 20093, Lublin, Poland
| | - Dariusz Matosiuk
- Department of Synthesis and Chemical Technology of Pharmaceutical Substances with Computer Modeling Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 4A Chodzki St., 20093, Lublin, Poland
| | - Agnieszka A Kaczor
- Department of Synthesis and Chemical Technology of Pharmaceutical Substances with Computer Modeling Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 4A Chodzki St., 20093, Lublin, Poland.
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1, P.O. Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland.
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2
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Rios FJ, de Ciuceis C, Georgiopoulos G, Lazaridis A, Nosalski R, Pavlidis G, Tual-Chalot S, Agabiti-Rosei C, Camargo LL, Dąbrowska E, Quarti-Trevano F, Hellmann M, Masi S, Lopreiato M, Mavraganis G, Mengozzi A, Montezano AC, Stavropoulos K, Winklewski PJ, Wolf J, Costantino S, Doumas M, Gkaliagkousi E, Grassi G, Guzik TJ, Ikonomidis I, Narkiewicz K, Paneni F, Rizzoni D, Stamatelopoulos K, Stellos K, Taddei S, Touyz RM, Virdis A. Mechanisms of Vascular Inflammation and Potential Therapeutic Targets: A Position Paper From the ESH Working Group on Small Arteries. Hypertension 2024; 81:1218-1232. [PMID: 38511317 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.123.22483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Inflammatory responses in small vessels play an important role in the development of cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension, stroke, and small vessel disease. This involves various complex molecular processes including oxidative stress, inflammasome activation, immune-mediated responses, and protein misfolding, which together contribute to microvascular damage. In addition, epigenetic factors, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, and microRNAs influence vascular inflammation and injury. These phenomena may be acquired during the aging process or due to environmental factors. Activation of proinflammatory signaling pathways and molecular events induce low-grade and chronic inflammation with consequent cardiovascular damage. Identifying mechanism-specific targets might provide opportunities in the development of novel therapeutic approaches. Monoclonal antibodies targeting inflammatory cytokines and epigenetic drugs, show promise in reducing microvascular inflammation and associated cardiovascular diseases. In this article, we provide a comprehensive discussion of the complex mechanisms underlying microvascular inflammation and offer insights into innovative therapeutic strategies that may ameliorate vascular injury in cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J Rios
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Canada (F.J.R., L.L.C., A.C.M., R.M.T.)
| | - Carolina de Ciuceis
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia (C.d.C., C.A.-R., D.R.)
| | - Georgios Georgiopoulos
- Angiology and Endothelial Pathophysiology Unit, Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Medical School (G.G., G.M., K. Stamatelopoulos), National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
| | - Antonios Lazaridis
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Papageorgiou Hospital, Greece (A.L., E.G.)
| | - Ryszard Nosalski
- Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences; Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom (R.N., T.J.G.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Medical Genomics OMICRON, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland (R.N., T.J.G.)
| | - George Pavlidis
- Medical School (G.P., I.I.), National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
- Preventive Cardiology Laboratory and Clinic of Cardiometabolic Diseases, 2-Cardiology Department, Attikon Hospital, Athens, Greece (G.P., I.I.)
| | - Simon Tual-Chalot
- Biosciences Institute, Vascular Biology and Medicine Theme, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, United Kingdom (S.T.-C., K. Stellos)
| | - Claudia Agabiti-Rosei
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia (C.d.C., C.A.-R., D.R.)
| | - Livia L Camargo
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Canada (F.J.R., L.L.C., A.C.M., R.M.T.)
| | - Edyta Dąbrowska
- Department of Hypertension and Diabetology, Center of Translational Medicine (E.D., J.W., K.N.) and M.D.)
| | - Fosca Quarti-Trevano
- Clinica Medica, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy (F.Q.-T., G.G.)
| | - Marcin Hellmann
- Cardiac Diagnostics (M.H.), Medical University of Gdansk, Poland
| | - Stefano Masi
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, United Kingdom (S.M.)
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy (S.M., M.L., A.M., S.T., A.V.)
| | - Mariarosaria Lopreiato
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy (S.M., M.L., A.M., S.T., A.V.)
| | - Georgios Mavraganis
- Angiology and Endothelial Pathophysiology Unit, Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Medical School (G.G., G.M., K. Stamatelopoulos), National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
| | - Alessandro Mengozzi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy (S.M., M.L., A.M., S.T., A.V.)
- Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland (A.M., F.P.)
- Health Science Interdisciplinary Center, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa (A.M.)
| | - Augusto C Montezano
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Canada (F.J.R., L.L.C., A.C.M., R.M.T.)
| | - Konstantinos Stavropoulos
- Second Medical Department, Hippokration Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece (K. Stavropoulos)
| | - Pawel J Winklewski
- Departments of Human Physiology (P.J.W.), Medical University of Gdansk, Poland
| | - Jacek Wolf
- Department of Hypertension and Diabetology, Center of Translational Medicine (E.D., J.W., K.N.) and M.D.)
| | - Sarah Costantino
- University Heart Center (S.C., F.P.), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Doumas
- Department of Hypertension and Diabetology, Center of Translational Medicine (E.D., J.W., K.N.) and M.D.)
| | - Eugenia Gkaliagkousi
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Papageorgiou Hospital, Greece (A.L., E.G.)
| | - Guido Grassi
- Clinica Medica, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy (F.Q.-T., G.G.)
| | - Tomasz J Guzik
- Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences; Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom (R.N., T.J.G.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Medical Genomics OMICRON, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland (R.N., T.J.G.)
| | - Ignatios Ikonomidis
- Medical School (G.P., I.I.), National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
- Preventive Cardiology Laboratory and Clinic of Cardiometabolic Diseases, 2-Cardiology Department, Attikon Hospital, Athens, Greece (G.P., I.I.)
| | - Krzysztof Narkiewicz
- Department of Hypertension and Diabetology, Center of Translational Medicine (E.D., J.W., K.N.) and M.D.)
| | - Francesco Paneni
- Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland (A.M., F.P.)
- University Heart Center (S.C., F.P.), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Research and Education (F.P.), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Damiano Rizzoni
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia (C.d.C., C.A.-R., D.R.)
- Division of Medicine, Spedali Civili di Brescia, Italy (D.R.)
| | - Kimon Stamatelopoulos
- Angiology and Endothelial Pathophysiology Unit, Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Medical School (G.G., G.M., K. Stamatelopoulos), National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
| | - Konstantinos Stellos
- Biosciences Institute, Vascular Biology and Medicine Theme, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, United Kingdom (S.T.-C., K. Stellos)
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim (K. Stellos), Heidelberg University, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Mannheim (K. Stellos), Heidelberg University, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Heidelberg/Mannheim Partner Site (K. Stellos)
| | - Stefano Taddei
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy (S.M., M.L., A.M., S.T., A.V.)
| | - Rhian M Touyz
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Canada (F.J.R., L.L.C., A.C.M., R.M.T.)
| | - Agostino Virdis
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy (S.M., M.L., A.M., S.T., A.V.)
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Della Torre L, Beato A, Capone V, Carannante D, Verrilli G, Favale G, Del Gaudio N, Megchelenbrink WL, Benedetti R, Altucci L, Carafa V. Involvement of regulated cell deaths in aging and age-related pathologies. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 95:102251. [PMID: 38428821 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Aging is a pathophysiological process that causes a gradual and permanent reduction in all biological system functions. The phenomenon is caused by the accumulation of endogenous and exogenous damage as a result of several stressors, resulting in significantly increased risks of various age-related diseases such as neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, metabolic diseases, musculoskeletal diseases, and immune system diseases. In addition, aging appears to be connected with mis-regulation of programmed cell death (PCD), which is required for regular cell turnover in many tissues sustained by cell division. According to the recent nomenclature, PCDs are physiological forms of regulated cell death (RCD) useful for normal tissue development and turnover. To some extent, some cell types are connected with a decrease in RCD throughout aging, whereas others are related with an increase in RCD. Perhaps the widespread decline in RCD markers with age is due to a slowdown of the normal rate of homeostatic cell turnover in various adult tissues. As a result, proper RCD regulation requires a careful balance of many pro-RCD and anti-RCD components, which may render cell death signaling pathways more sensitive to maladaptive signals during aging. Current research, on the other hand, tries to further dive into the pathophysiology of aging in order to develop therapies that improve health and longevity. In this scenario, RCD handling might be a helpful strategy for human health since it could reduce the occurrence and development of age-related disorders, promoting healthy aging and lifespan. In this review we propose a general overview of the most recent RCD mechanisms and their connection with the pathophysiology of aging in order to promote targeted therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Della Torre
- Dipartimento di Medicina di Precisione, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Vico De Crecchio 7, Napoli 80138, Italy
| | - Antonio Beato
- Dipartimento di Medicina di Precisione, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Vico De Crecchio 7, Napoli 80138, Italy
| | - Vincenza Capone
- Dipartimento di Medicina di Precisione, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Vico De Crecchio 7, Napoli 80138, Italy
| | - Daniela Carannante
- Dipartimento di Medicina di Precisione, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Vico De Crecchio 7, Napoli 80138, Italy
| | - Giulia Verrilli
- Dipartimento di Medicina di Precisione, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Vico De Crecchio 7, Napoli 80138, Italy
| | - Gregorio Favale
- Dipartimento di Medicina di Precisione, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Vico De Crecchio 7, Napoli 80138, Italy
| | - Nunzio Del Gaudio
- Dipartimento di Medicina di Precisione, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Vico De Crecchio 7, Napoli 80138, Italy
| | - Wouter Leonard Megchelenbrink
- Dipartimento di Medicina di Precisione, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Vico De Crecchio 7, Napoli 80138, Italy; Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Heidelberglaan 25, Utrecht 3584 CS, the Netherlands
| | - Rosaria Benedetti
- Dipartimento di Medicina di Precisione, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Vico De Crecchio 7, Napoli 80138, Italy
| | - Lucia Altucci
- Dipartimento di Medicina di Precisione, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Vico De Crecchio 7, Napoli 80138, Italy; Biogem, Molecular Biology and Genetics Research Institute, Ariano Irpino 83031, Italy; IEOS CNR, Napoli 80138, Italy; Programma di Epigenetica Medica, A.O.U. "Luigi Vanvitelli", Piazza Luigi Miraglia 2, Napoli 80138, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Carafa
- Dipartimento di Medicina di Precisione, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Vico De Crecchio 7, Napoli 80138, Italy; Biogem, Molecular Biology and Genetics Research Institute, Ariano Irpino 83031, Italy.
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4
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Guglielmi V, Cheli M, Tonin P, Vattemi G. Sporadic Inclusion Body Myositis at the Crossroads between Muscle Degeneration, Inflammation, and Aging. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2742. [PMID: 38473988 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Sporadic inclusion body myositis (sIBM) is the most common muscle disease of older people and is clinically characterized by slowly progressive asymmetrical muscle weakness, predominantly affecting the quadriceps, deep finger flexors, and foot extensors. At present, there are no enduring treatments for this relentless disease that eventually leads to severe disability and wheelchair dependency. Although sIBM is considered a rare muscle disorder, its prevalence is certainly higher as the disease is often undiagnosed or misdiagnosed. The histopathological phenotype of sIBM muscle biopsy includes muscle fiber degeneration and endomysial lymphocytic infiltrates that mainly consist of cytotoxic CD8+ T cells surrounding nonnecrotic muscle fibers expressing MHCI. Muscle fiber degeneration is characterized by vacuolization and the accumulation of congophilic misfolded multi-protein aggregates, mainly in their non-vacuolated cytoplasm. Many players have been identified in sIBM pathogenesis, including environmental factors, autoimmunity, abnormalities of protein transcription and processing, the accumulation of several toxic proteins, the impairment of autophagy and the ubiquitin-proteasome system, oxidative and nitrative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, myonuclear degeneration, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Aging has also been proposed as a contributor to the disease. However, the interplay between these processes and the primary event that leads to the coexistence of autoimmune and degenerative changes is still under debate. Here, we outline our current understanding of disease pathogenesis, focusing on degenerative mechanisms, and discuss the possible involvement of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Guglielmi
- Cellular and Molecular Biology of Cancer Program, NCI-Designated Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Immunity and Pathogenesis Program, Infectious and Inflammatory Disease Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Marta Cheli
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Paola Tonin
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Gaetano Vattemi
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
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Villaorduña C, Mendoza-Carlos M, Chuyma M, Avilés J, Avalos-Diaz A, Lozano-Reategui R, Garcia-Ruiz J, Panduro-Tenazoa N, Vargas J, Moran-Quintanilla Y, Rodríguez JL. Ipconazole Induces Oxidative Stress, Cell Death, and Proinflammation in SH-SY5Y Cells. TOXICS 2023; 11:566. [PMID: 37505534 PMCID: PMC10385182 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11070566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Ipconazole is an antifungal agrochemical widely used in agriculture against seed diseases of rice, vegetables, and other crops; due to its easy accumulation in the environment, it poses a hazard to human, animal, and environmental health. Therefore, we investigated the cytotoxic effect of ipconazole on SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells using cell viability tests (MTT), ROS production, caspase3/7 activity, and molecular assays of the biomarkers of cell death (Bax, Casp3, APAF1, BNIP3, and Bcl2); inflammasome (NLRP3, Casp1, and IL1β); inflammation (NFκB, TNFα, and IL6); and antioxidants (NRF2, SOD, and GPx). SH-SY5Y cells were exposed to ipconazole (1, 5, 10, 20, 50, and 100 µM) for 24 h. The ipconazole, in a dose-dependent manner, reduced cell viability and produced an IC50 of 32.3 µM; it also produced an increase in ROS production and caspase3/7 enzyme activity in SH-SY5Y cells. In addition, ipconazole at 50 µM induced an overexpression of Bax, Casp3, APAF1, and BNIP3 (cell death genes); NLRP3, Casp1, and IL1B (inflammasome complex genes); and NFκB, TNFα, and IL6 (inflammation genes); it also reduced the expression of NRF2, SOD, and GPx (antioxidant genes). Our results show that ipconazole produces cytotoxic effects by reducing cell viability, generating oxidative stress, and inducing cell death in SH-SY5Y cells, so ipconazole exposure should be considered as a factor in the presentation of neurotoxicity or neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Villaorduña
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima 15021, Peru
| | - Mariano Mendoza-Carlos
- Agroforestry Department, Universidad Nacional Intercultural de la Amazonia, Pucallpa 25004, Peru
| | - Manuel Chuyma
- Agroforestry Department, Universidad Nacional Intercultural de la Amazonia, Pucallpa 25004, Peru
| | - Jhon Avilés
- Agroforestry Department, Universidad Nacional Intercultural de la Amazonia, Pucallpa 25004, Peru
| | - Ayda Avalos-Diaz
- Agroforestry Department, Universidad Nacional Intercultural de la Amazonia, Pucallpa 25004, Peru
| | - Ronald Lozano-Reategui
- Agroforestry Department, Universidad Nacional Intercultural de la Amazonia, Pucallpa 25004, Peru
| | - Juan Garcia-Ruiz
- Agroforestry Department, Universidad Nacional Intercultural de la Amazonia, Pucallpa 25004, Peru
| | - Nadia Panduro-Tenazoa
- Agroforestry Department, Universidad Nacional Intercultural de la Amazonia, Pucallpa 25004, Peru
| | - Jessy Vargas
- Agroforestry Department, Universidad Nacional Intercultural de la Amazonia, Pucallpa 25004, Peru
| | - Ysabel Moran-Quintanilla
- Agroforestry Department, Universidad Nacional Intercultural de la Amazonia, Pucallpa 25004, Peru
| | - José-Luis Rodríguez
- Faculty of Veterinary, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Bierschenk D, Papac-Milicevic N, Bresch IP, Kovacic V, Bettoni S, Dziedzic M, Wetsel RA, Eschenburg S, Binder CJ, Blom AM, King BC. C4b-binding protein inhibits particulate- and crystalline-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1149822. [PMID: 37283747 PMCID: PMC10239802 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1149822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysregulated NLRP3 inflammasome activation drives a wide variety of diseases, while endogenous inhibition of this pathway is poorly characterised. The serum protein C4b-binding protein (C4BP) is a well-established inhibitor of complement with emerging functions as an endogenously expressed inhibitor of the NLRP3 inflammasome signalling pathway. Here, we identified that C4BP purified from human plasma is an inhibitor of crystalline- (monosodium urate, MSU) and particulate-induced (silica) NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Using a C4BP mutant panel, we identified that C4BP bound these particles via specific protein domains located on the C4BP α-chain. Plasma-purified C4BP was internalised into MSU- or silica-stimulated human primary macrophages, and inhibited MSU- or silica-induced inflammasome complex assembly and IL-1β cytokine secretion. While internalised C4BP in MSU or silica-stimulated human macrophages was in close proximity to the inflammasome adaptor protein ASC, C4BP had no direct effect on ASC polymerisation in in vitro assays. C4BP was also protective against MSU- and silica-induced lysosomal membrane damage. We further provide evidence for an anti-inflammatory function for C4BP in vivo, as C4bp-/- mice showed an elevated pro-inflammatory state following intraperitoneal delivery of MSU. Therefore, internalised C4BP is an inhibitor of crystal- or particle-induced inflammasome responses in human primary macrophages, while murine C4BP protects against an enhanced inflammatory state in vivo. Our data suggests C4BP has important functions in retaining tissue homeostasis in both human and mice as an endogenous serum inhibitor of particulate-stimulated inflammasome activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien Bierschenk
- Division of Medical Protein Chemistry, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | | | - Ian P. Bresch
- Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Valentina Kovacic
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Serena Bettoni
- Division of Medical Protein Chemistry, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Mateusz Dziedzic
- Division of Medical Protein Chemistry, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Rick A. Wetsel
- Research Center for Immunology and Autoimmune Diseases, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Susanne Eschenburg
- Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christoph J. Binder
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna M. Blom
- Division of Medical Protein Chemistry, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Ben C. King
- Division of Medical Protein Chemistry, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
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7
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Maitre M, Jeltsch-David H, Okechukwu NG, Klein C, Patte-Mensah C, Mensah-Nyagan AG. Myelin in Alzheimer's disease: culprit or bystander? Acta Neuropathol Commun 2023; 11:56. [PMID: 37004127 PMCID: PMC10067200 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-023-01554-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder with neuronal and synaptic losses due to the accumulation of toxic amyloid β (Αβ) peptide oligomers, plaques, and tangles containing tau (tubulin-associated unit) protein. While familial AD is caused by specific mutations, the sporadic disease is more common and appears to result from a complex chronic brain neuroinflammation with mitochondriopathies, inducing free radicals' accumulation. In aged brain, mutations in DNA and several unfolded proteins participate in a chronic amyloidosis response with a toxic effect on myelin sheath and axons, leading to cognitive deficits and dementia. Αβ peptides are the most frequent form of toxic amyloid oligomers. Accumulations of misfolded proteins during several years alters different metabolic mechanisms, induce chronic inflammatory and immune responses with toxic consequences on neuronal cells. Myelin composition and architecture may appear to be an early target for the toxic activity of Aβ peptides and others hydrophobic misfolded proteins. In this work, we describe the possible role of early myelin alterations in the genesis of neuronal alterations and the onset of symptomatology. We propose that some pathophysiological and clinical forms of the disease may arise from structural and metabolic disorders in the processes of myelination/demyelination of brain regions where the accumulation of non-functional toxic proteins is important. In these forms, the primacy of the deleterious role of amyloid peptides would be a matter of questioning and the initiating role of neuropathology would be primarily the fact of dysmyelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Maitre
- Biopathologie de la Myéline, Neuroprotection et Stratégies Thérapeutiques, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), INSERM U1119, Université de Strasbourg, Bâtiment CRBS de la Faculté de Médecine, 1 rue Eugène Boeckel, Strasbourg, 67000, France.
| | - Hélène Jeltsch-David
- Biopathologie de la Myéline, Neuroprotection et Stratégies Thérapeutiques, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), INSERM U1119, Université de Strasbourg, Bâtiment CRBS de la Faculté de Médecine, 1 rue Eugène Boeckel, Strasbourg, 67000, France
- Biotechnologie et signalisation cellulaire, UMR 7242 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 300 Boulevard Sébastien Brant CS 10413, Illkirch cedex, 67412, France
| | - Nwife Getrude Okechukwu
- Biopathologie de la Myéline, Neuroprotection et Stratégies Thérapeutiques, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), INSERM U1119, Université de Strasbourg, Bâtiment CRBS de la Faculté de Médecine, 1 rue Eugène Boeckel, Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Christian Klein
- Biopathologie de la Myéline, Neuroprotection et Stratégies Thérapeutiques, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), INSERM U1119, Université de Strasbourg, Bâtiment CRBS de la Faculté de Médecine, 1 rue Eugène Boeckel, Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Christine Patte-Mensah
- Biopathologie de la Myéline, Neuroprotection et Stratégies Thérapeutiques, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), INSERM U1119, Université de Strasbourg, Bâtiment CRBS de la Faculté de Médecine, 1 rue Eugène Boeckel, Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Ayikoe-Guy Mensah-Nyagan
- Biopathologie de la Myéline, Neuroprotection et Stratégies Thérapeutiques, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), INSERM U1119, Université de Strasbourg, Bâtiment CRBS de la Faculté de Médecine, 1 rue Eugène Boeckel, Strasbourg, 67000, France
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8
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Lucchino B, Finucci A, Ghellere F, Bortolotti ME, Tedesco A, Lombardi S. Influence of HLA polymorphisms on clinical features of VEXAS syndrome: a potential epistatic mechanism. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2022; 62:e7-e8. [PMID: 35801918 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keac371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Lucchino
- General Medicine, Fracastoro Hospital AULSS9 Scaligera, Verona, Italy
| | - Annacarla Finucci
- General Medicine, Fracastoro Hospital AULSS9 Scaligera, Verona, Italy
| | | | | | - Andrea Tedesco
- General Medicine, Fracastoro Hospital AULSS9 Scaligera, Verona, Italy
| | - Sara Lombardi
- General Medicine, Fracastoro Hospital AULSS9 Scaligera, Verona, Italy
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9
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Bajic VP, Salhi A, Lakota K, Radovanovic A, Razali R, Zivkovic L, Spremo-Potparevic B, Uludag M, Tifratene F, Motwalli O, Marchand B, Bajic VB, Gojobori T, Isenovic ER, Essack M. DES-Amyloidoses “Amyloidoses through the looking-glass”: A knowledgebase developed for exploring and linking information related to human amyloid-related diseases. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0271737. [PMID: 35877764 PMCID: PMC9312389 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
More than 30 types of amyloids are linked to close to 50 diseases in humans, the most prominent being Alzheimer’s disease (AD). AD is brain-related local amyloidosis, while another amyloidosis, such as AA amyloidosis, tends to be more systemic. Therefore, we need to know more about the biological entities’ influencing these amyloidosis processes. However, there is currently no support system developed specifically to handle this extraordinarily complex and demanding task. To acquire a systematic view of amyloidosis and how this may be relevant to the brain and other organs, we needed a means to explore "amyloid network systems" that may underly processes that leads to an amyloid-related disease. In this regard, we developed the DES-Amyloidoses knowledgebase (KB) to obtain fast and relevant information regarding the biological network related to amyloid proteins/peptides and amyloid-related diseases. This KB contains information obtained through text and data mining of available scientific literature and other public repositories. The information compiled into the DES-Amyloidoses system based on 19 topic-specific dictionaries resulted in 796,409 associations between terms from these dictionaries. Users can explore this information through various options, including enriched concepts, enriched pairs, and semantic similarity. We show the usefulness of the KB using an example focused on inflammasome-amyloid associations. To our knowledge, this is the only KB dedicated to human amyloid-related diseases derived primarily through literature text mining and complemented by data mining that provides a novel way of exploring information relevant to amyloidoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladan P. Bajic
- Institute of Nuclear Sciences “VINCA", Laboratory for Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Republic of Serbia
- * E-mail: (ME); (VPB)
| | - Adil Salhi
- Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Katja Lakota
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandar Radovanovic
- Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Rozaimi Razali
- Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Lada Zivkovic
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Mahmut Uludag
- Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Faroug Tifratene
- Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Olaa Motwalli
- Saudi Electronic University (SEU), College of Computing and Informatics, Madinah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Vladimir B. Bajic
- Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Takashi Gojobori
- Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Esma R. Isenovic
- Institute of Nuclear Sciences “VINCA", Laboratory for Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Republic of Serbia
| | - Magbubah Essack
- Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- * E-mail: (ME); (VPB)
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10
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Chen M, Rong R, Xia X. Spotlight on pyroptosis: role in pathogenesis and therapeutic potential of ocular diseases. J Neuroinflammation 2022; 19:183. [PMID: 35836195 PMCID: PMC9281180 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-022-02547-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyroptosis is a programmed cell death characterized by swift plasma membrane disruption and subsequent release of cellular contents and pro-inflammatory mediators (cytokines), including IL‐1β and IL‐18. It differs from other types of programmed cell death such as apoptosis, autophagy, necroptosis, ferroptosis, and NETosis in terms of its morphology and mechanism. As a recently discovered form of cell death, pyroptosis has been demonstrated to be involved in the progression of multiple diseases. Recent studies have also suggested that pyroptosis is linked to various ocular diseases. In this review, we systematically summarized and discussed recent scientific discoveries of the involvement of pyroptosis in common ocular diseases, including diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, AIDS-related human cytomegalovirus retinitis, glaucoma, dry eye disease, keratitis, uveitis, and cataract. We also organized new and emerging evidence suggesting that pyroptosis signaling pathways may be potential therapeutic targets in ocular diseases, hoping to provide a summary of overall intervention strategies and relevant multi-dimensional evaluations for various ocular diseases, as well as offer valuable ideas for further research and development from the perspective of pyroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meini Chen
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases (Xiangya Hospital), Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Rong
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases (Xiangya Hospital), Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobo Xia
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China. .,Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases (Xiangya Hospital), Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Harapas CR, Idiiatullina E, Al-Azab M, Hrovat-Schaale K, Reygaerts T, Steiner A, Laohamonthonkul P, Davidson S, Yu CH, Booty L, Masters SL. Organellar homeostasis and innate immune sensing. Nat Rev Immunol 2022; 22:535-549. [PMID: 35197578 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-022-00682-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A cell is delimited by numerous borders that define specific organelles. The walls of some organelles are particularly robust, such as in mitochondria or endoplasmic reticulum, but some are more fluid such as in phase-separated stress granules. Either way, all organelles can be damaged at times, leading their contents to leak out into the surrounding environment. Therefore, an elegant way to construct an innate immune defence system is to recognize host molecules that do not normally reside within a particular compartment. Here, we provide several examples where organellar homeostasis is lost, leading to the activation of a specific innate immune sensor; these include NLRP3 activation owing to a disrupted trans-Golgi network, Pyrin activation due to cytoskeletal damage, and cGAS-STING activation following the leakage of nuclear or mitochondrial DNA. Frequently, organelle damage is observed downstream of pathogenic infection but it can also occur in sterile settings as associated with auto-inflammatory disease. Therefore, understanding organellar homeostasis is central to efforts that will identify new innate immune pathways, and therapeutics that balance organellar homeostasis, or target the breakdown pathways that trigger innate immune sensors, could be useful treatments for infection and chronic inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra R Harapas
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Elina Idiiatullina
- Immunology Laboratory, Guangzhou Institute of Paediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Centre, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Mahmoud Al-Azab
- Immunology Laboratory, Guangzhou Institute of Paediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Centre, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Katja Hrovat-Schaale
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Thomas Reygaerts
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Annemarie Steiner
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Institute of Structural Biology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Pawat Laohamonthonkul
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Sophia Davidson
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Chien-Hsiung Yu
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Lee Booty
- Immunology Network, Immunology Research Unit, GSK, Stevenage, UK
| | - Seth L Masters
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia. .,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. .,Immunology Laboratory, Guangzhou Institute of Paediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Centre, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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12
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Pal A, Rani I, Pawar A, Picozza M, Rongioletti M, Squitti R. Microglia and Astrocytes in Alzheimer's Disease in the Context of the Aberrant Copper Homeostasis Hypothesis. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1598. [PMID: 34827595 PMCID: PMC8615684 DOI: 10.3390/biom11111598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence of copper's (Cu) involvement in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is available, but information on Cu involvement in microglia and astrocytes during the course of AD has yet to be structurally discussed. This review deals with this matter in an attempt to provide an updated discussion on the role of reactive glia challenged by excess labile Cu in a wide picture that embraces all the major processes identified as playing a role in toxicity induced by an imbalance of Cu in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Pal
- Department of Biochemistry, AIIMS, Kalyani 741245, West Bengal, India
| | - Isha Rani
- Department of Biochemistry, Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Medical Sciences and Research (MMIMSR), Maharishi Markandeshwar University (MMU), Mullana, Ambala 133207, Haryana, India;
| | - Anil Pawar
- Department of Zoology, DAV University, Jalandhar 144012, Punjab, India;
| | - Mario Picozza
- Neuroimmunology Unit, IRCSS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00143 Rome, Italy;
| | - Mauro Rongioletti
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Research and Development Division, San Giovanni Calibita Fatebenefratelli Hospital, Isola Tiberina, 00186 Rome, Italy;
| | - Rosanna Squitti
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25125 Brescia, Italy
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13
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Inflammation and Alzheimer's Disease: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications by Natural Products. Mediators Inflamm 2021; 2021:9982954. [PMID: 34381308 PMCID: PMC8352708 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9982954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder with no clear causative event making the disease difficult to diagnose and treat. The pathological hallmarks of AD include amyloid plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, and widespread neuronal loss. Amyloid-beta has been extensively studied and targeted to develop an effective disease-modifying therapy, but the success rate in clinical practice is minimal. Recently, neuroinflammation has been focused on as the event in AD progression to be targeted for therapies. Various mechanistic pathways including cytokines and chemokines, complement system, oxidative stress, and cyclooxygenase pathways are linked to neuroinflammation in the AD brain. Many cells including microglia, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes work together to protect the brain from injury. This review is focused to better understand the AD inflammatory and immunoregulatory processes to develop novel anti-inflammatory drugs to slow down the progression of AD.
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14
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Kovács Z, Brunner B, Ari C. Beneficial Effects of Exogenous Ketogenic Supplements on Aging Processes and Age-Related Neurodegenerative Diseases. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13072197. [PMID: 34206738 PMCID: PMC8308443 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Life expectancy of humans has increased continuously up to the present days, but their health status (healthspan) was not enhanced by similar extent. To decrease enormous medical, economical and psychological burden that arise from this discrepancy, improvement of healthspan is needed that leads to delaying both aging processes and development of age-related diseases, thereby extending lifespan. Thus, development of new therapeutic tools to alleviate aging processes and related diseases and to increase life expectancy is a topic of increasing interest. It is widely accepted that ketosis (increased blood ketone body levels, e.g., β-hydroxybutyrate) can generate neuroprotective effects. Ketosis-evoked neuroprotective effects may lead to improvement in health status and delay both aging and the development of related diseases through improving mitochondrial function, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, histone and non-histone acetylation, β-hydroxybutyrylation of histones, modulation of neurotransmitter systems and RNA functions. Administration of exogenous ketogenic supplements was proven to be an effective method to induce and maintain a healthy state of nutritional ketosis. Consequently, exogenous ketogenic supplements, such as ketone salts and ketone esters, may mitigate aging processes, delay the onset of age-associated diseases and extend lifespan through ketosis. The aim of this review is to summarize the main hallmarks of aging processes and certain signaling pathways in association with (putative) beneficial influences of exogenous ketogenic supplements-evoked ketosis on lifespan, aging processes, the most common age-related neurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis), as well as impaired learning and memory functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsolt Kovács
- Department of Biology, Savaria University Centre, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Károlyi Gáspár tér 4., 9700 Szombathely, Hungary; (Z.K.); (B.B.)
| | - Brigitta Brunner
- Department of Biology, Savaria University Centre, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Károlyi Gáspár tér 4., 9700 Szombathely, Hungary; (Z.K.); (B.B.)
- Faculty of Sciences, Institute of Biology, University of Pécs, Ifjúság Str. 6, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Csilla Ari
- Behavioral Neuroscience Research Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Ave, PCD 3127, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
- Ketone Technologies LLC, 2780 E. Fowler Ave. #226, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(813)-2409925
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15
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Himalian R, Singh SK, Singh MP. Ameliorative Role of Nutraceuticals on Neurodegenerative Diseases Using the Drosophila melanogaster as a Discovery Model to Define Bioefficacy. J Am Coll Nutr 2021; 41:511-539. [PMID: 34125661 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2021.1904305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegeneration is the destruction of neurons, and once the neurons degenerate they can't revive. This is one of the most concerned health conditions among aged population, more than ∼70% of the elderly people are suffering from neurodegeneration. Among all of the neurodegenerative diseases, Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD) and Poly-glutamine disease (Poly-Q) are the major one and affecting most of the people around the world and posing excessive burden on the society. In order to understand this disease in non-human animal models it is pertinent to examine in model organism and various animal model are being used for such diseases like rat, mice and non-vertebrate model like Drosophila. Drosophila melanogaster is one of the best animal proven by several eminent scientist and had received several Nobel prizes for uncovering mechanism of human related genes and highly efficient model for studying neurodegenerative diseases due to its great affinity with human disease-related genes. Another factor is also employed to act as therapeutic or preventive method that is nutraceuticals. Nutraceuticals are functional natural compounds with antioxidant properties and had extensively showed the neuroprotective effect in different organisms. These nutraceuticals having antioxidant properties act through scavenging free radicals or by increasing endogenous cellular antioxidant defense molecules. For the best benefit, we are trying to utilize these nutraceuticals, which will have no or negligible side effects. In this review, we are dealing with various types of such nutraceuticals which have potent value in the prevention and curing of the diseases related to neurodegeneration.HighlightsNeurodegeneration is the silently progressing disease which shows its symptoms when it is well rooted.Many chemical drugs (almost all) have only symptomatic relief with side effects.Potent mechanism of neurodegeneration and improvement effect by nutraceuticals is proposed.Based on the Indian Cuisine scientists are trying to find the medicine from the food or food components having antioxidant properties.The best model to study the neurodegenerative diseases is Drosophila melanogaster.Many nutraceuticals having antioxidant properties have been studied and attenuated various diseases are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjana Himalian
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar Singh
- Indian Scientific Education and Technology (ISET) Foundation, Lucknow, India
| | - Mahendra Pratap Singh
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
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16
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Burillo J, Marqués P, Jiménez B, González-Blanco C, Benito M, Guillén C. Insulin Resistance and Diabetes Mellitus in Alzheimer's Disease. Cells 2021; 10:1236. [PMID: 34069890 PMCID: PMC8157600 DOI: 10.3390/cells10051236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a progressive disease that is characterized by the appearance of insulin resistance. The term insulin resistance is very wide and could affect different proteins involved in insulin signaling, as well as other mechanisms. In this review, we have analyzed the main molecular mechanisms that could be involved in the connection between type 2 diabetes and neurodegeneration, in general, and more specifically with the appearance of Alzheimer's disease. We have studied, in more detail, the different processes involved, such as inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum stress, autophagy, and mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Burillo
- Department of Biochemistry, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.B.); (P.M.); (B.J.); (C.G.-B.); (M.B.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Mechanisms of Insulin Resistance (MOIR2), General Direction of Universities and Investigation (CCMM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Marqués
- Department of Biochemistry, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.B.); (P.M.); (B.J.); (C.G.-B.); (M.B.)
- Mechanisms of Insulin Resistance (MOIR2), General Direction of Universities and Investigation (CCMM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Jiménez
- Department of Biochemistry, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.B.); (P.M.); (B.J.); (C.G.-B.); (M.B.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Mechanisms of Insulin Resistance (MOIR2), General Direction of Universities and Investigation (CCMM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos González-Blanco
- Department of Biochemistry, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.B.); (P.M.); (B.J.); (C.G.-B.); (M.B.)
- Mechanisms of Insulin Resistance (MOIR2), General Direction of Universities and Investigation (CCMM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Benito
- Department of Biochemistry, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.B.); (P.M.); (B.J.); (C.G.-B.); (M.B.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Mechanisms of Insulin Resistance (MOIR2), General Direction of Universities and Investigation (CCMM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Guillén
- Department of Biochemistry, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.B.); (P.M.); (B.J.); (C.G.-B.); (M.B.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Mechanisms of Insulin Resistance (MOIR2), General Direction of Universities and Investigation (CCMM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
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17
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Rolando M, Barabino S. The Subtle Role of Para-inflammation in Modulating the Progression of Dry Eye Disease. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2021; 29:811-816. [PMID: 34003707 DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2021.1906908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In patients with DED, the continuous stimuli induced by excessive or persistent cold fiber sensors and overstimulation of nociceptors, as well as tear hyperosmolarity induced by evaporative stress, induce a transitory protective adaptation response called para-inflammation to restore ocular surface homeostasis. This mild subclinical inflammatory status (a type of hormetic response) can become chronic if the stimuli or tissue malfunction is present for a sustained period, causing persistent symptoms and damage to ocular surface epithelia.We review the mechanisms that characterize the transition from para-inflammation to a persistent inflammatory status of the ocular surface, including accumulation of biological waste and damaged/dysfunctional proteins, which, in normal conditions, are eliminated by autophagy, activation of the inflammasomes, and what is currently known about their role in DED pathogenesis. Furthermore, we analyze current treatments that can modulate the inflammatory response of the ocular surface and speculate about new possible therapies to treat para-inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stefano Barabino
- Ocular Surface and Dry Eye Center, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Sacco Hospital - University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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18
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Bandyopadhyay A, Sannigrahi A, Chattopadhyay K. Membrane composition and lipid to protein ratio modulate amyloid kinetics of yeast prion protein. RSC Chem Biol 2021; 2:592-605. [PMID: 34458802 PMCID: PMC8341755 DOI: 10.1039/d0cb00203h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding of prion aggregation in a membrane environment may help to ameliorate neurodegenerative complications caused by the amyloid forms of prions. Here, we investigated the membrane binding-induced aggregation of yeast prion protein Sup35. Using the combination of fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) at single molecule resolution and other biophysical studies, we establish that lipid composition and lipid/protein ratio are key modulators of the aggregation kinetics of Sup35. In the presence of a zwitterionic membrane (DMPC), Sup35 exhibited novel biphasic aggregation kinetics at lipid/protein ratios ranging between 20 : 1 and 70 : 1 (termed here as the optimum lipid concentration, OLC). In ratios below (low lipid concentration, LLC) and above (ELC, excess lipid concentration) that range, the aggregation was found to be monophasic. In contrast, in the presence of negatively charged membranes, we did not observe any bi-phasic aggregation kinetics in the entire range of protein to lipid ratios. Our results provide a mechanistic description of the role that membrane concentration/composition-modulated aggregation may play in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnab Bandyopadhyay
- Structural Biology & Bio-Informatics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology 4, Raja S. C. Mullick Road Kolkata 700032 India
| | - Achinta Sannigrahi
- Structural Biology & Bio-Informatics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology 4, Raja S. C. Mullick Road Kolkata 700032 India
| | - Krishnananda Chattopadhyay
- Structural Biology & Bio-Informatics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology 4, Raja S. C. Mullick Road Kolkata 700032 India
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Xue J, Jia P, Zhang D, Yao Z. TTP488 ameliorates NLRP3-associated inflammation, viability, apoptosis, and ROS production in an Alzheimer's disease cell model by mediating the JAK1/STAT3/NFκB/IRF3 pathway. Cell Biochem Funct 2021; 39:555-561. [PMID: 33724512 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most prevalent dementia, is identified as a neurodegenerative disease arising from a degenerative disturbance in the central nervous system. A previous study reported that TTP488 could ameliorate symptoms in patients with mild AD, but the underlying mechanisms need to be studied further. Therefore, the objective of this study was to explore the role of TTP488 in the development of an AD cell model. Administration of TTP448 in an AD cell model reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines [interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α], reversed the inhibitory role of Aβ on cell proliferation and viability, and decreased Aβ-triggered cell apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Furthermore, Aβ treatment induced activation of JAK1/STAT3/NFκB/IRF3 pathway as well as NLRP3 expression, and TTP488 administration partially reversed the activation of this pathway and NLRP3 expression. Use of WP1160, a STAT3 agonist, re-activated the downstream STAT3/NFκB/IRF3 pathway and NLRP3 expression. Moreover, we found that WP1160 counteracted the role of TTP488 in Aβ-induced SH-SY5Y cells' viability, inflammation, apoptosis, and ROS production. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY: This study explores the role of TTP488 in the development of an Alzheimer's disease (AD) cell model and confirms that TTP488 administration notably promotes cell proliferation and reduces apoptosis, inflammatory factor expression, and reactive oxygen species generation. Further, this study suggests that the NLRP3-relevant JAK1/STAT3/P65/IRF3 signalling pathway is related to AD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xue
- Department of Neurology, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Jia
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dong Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiwen Yao
- Department of Neurology, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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20
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Zhou W, Xiao D, Zhao Y, Tan B, Long Z, Yu L, He G. Enhanced Autolysosomal Function Ameliorates the Inflammatory Response Mediated by the NLRP3 Inflammasome in Alzheimer's Disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:629891. [PMID: 33708103 PMCID: PMC7940192 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.629891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) involves activation of many NLRP3 inflammatory bodies, which may be related to amyloid β peptide and aggregation of misfolded proteins. Autophagy is an important regulator of inflammatory bodies. However, autophagy shows dynamic changes in the development of AD, and its role in inflammation remains controversial. In this study, the key link between autophagic disorders and the NLRP3 inflammasome in AD was investigated. APP/PS1 double transgenic mice and C57 mice with Aβ25–35 injected into the lateral ventricle were used as two animal models of AD. Immunofluorescence staining and Western blot analysis showed that NLRP3 inflammasome-related proteins and inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12, and TNF-α, were increased and microglia were activated in the brains of both AD animal models. Endogenous overexpression of the APPswe gene and exogenous addition of Aβ25–35 increased the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome-related proteins, while exogenous Aβ25–35 intervention more significantly activated inflammation. Furthermore, LC3 was increased in the AD animal and cell models, and the level of Lamp1 decreased. After overexpression of the primary regulator of lysosomal biogenesis, TFEB, the lysosome protein Lamp1 was increased, and LC3 and inflammatory protein expression were decreased. These results suggest that the NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated inflammatory response is activated in AD animal and cell models, which may be related to the decline in autolysosome function. Overexpression of the TFEB protein can reduce the inflammatory response by improving autolysosome function in AD model cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhou
- Department of Neurorehabilitation, The Affiliated Rehabilitation Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Deng Xiao
- Department of Neurorehabilitation, The Affiliated Rehabilitation Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yueyang Zhao
- Department of Anatomy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Botao Tan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhimin Long
- Department of Anatomy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lehua Yu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guiqiong He
- Department of Anatomy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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21
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Alausa A, Ogundepo S, Olaleke B, Adeyemi R, Olatinwo M, Ismail A. Chinese nutraceuticals and physical activity; their role in neurodegenerative tauopathies. Chin Med 2021; 16:1. [PMID: 33407732 PMCID: PMC7789572 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-020-00418-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The onset of neurodegenerative disease has not only been a major cause of scientific worry, but of economic burden to the health system. This condition has been further attributed to mis-stability, deletion or mutation of tau protein, causing the onset of Corticobasal degeneration, Pick's diseases, Progressive supranuclear palsy, Argyrophilic grains disease, Alzheimer's diseases etc. as scientifically renowned. This is mainly related to dysregulation of translational machinery, upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines and inhibition of several essential cascades such as ERK signaling cascade, GSK3β, CREB, and PKA/PKB (Akt) signaling cascades that enhances protein processing, normal protein folding, cognitive function, and microtubule associated tau stability. Administration of some nutrients and/or bioactive compounds has a high tendency to impede tau mediated inflammation at neuronal level. Furthermore, prevention and neutralization of protein misfolding through modulation of microtubule tau stability and prevention of protein misfolding is by virtue few of the numerous beneficial effects of physical activity. Of utmost important in this study is the exploration of promising bioactivities of nutraceuticals found in china and the ameliorating potential of physical activity on tauopathies, while highlighting animal and in vitro studies that have been investigated for comprehensive understanding of its potential and an insight into the effects on human highly probable to tau mediated neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullahi Alausa
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo, Nigeria
| | - Sunday Ogundepo
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo, Nigeria
| | - Barakat Olaleke
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo, Nigeria
| | - Rofiat Adeyemi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo, Nigeria.
| | - Mercy Olatinwo
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo, Nigeria
| | - Aminat Ismail
- Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Pure & Applied Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo, Nigeria
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22
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Cserép C, Pósfai B, Dénes Á. Shaping Neuronal Fate: Functional Heterogeneity of Direct Microglia-Neuron Interactions. Neuron 2020; 109:222-240. [PMID: 33271068 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2020.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The functional contribution of microglia to normal brain development, healthy brain function, and neurological disorders is increasingly recognized. However, until recently, the nature of intercellular interactions mediating these effects remained largely unclear. Recent findings show microglia establishing direct contact with different compartments of neurons. Although communication between microglia and neurons involves intermediate cells and soluble factors, direct membrane contacts enable a more precisely regulated, dynamic, and highly effective form of interaction for fine-tuning neuronal responses and fate. Here, we summarize the known ultrastructural, molecular, and functional features of direct microglia-neuron interactions and their roles in brain disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Csaba Cserép
- "Momentum" Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Szigony u. 43, 1083 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Balázs Pósfai
- "Momentum" Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Szigony u. 43, 1083 Budapest, Hungary; Szentágothai János Doctoral School of Neurosciences, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ádám Dénes
- "Momentum" Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Szigony u. 43, 1083 Budapest, Hungary.
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23
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Saghir AE, Farrugia G, Vassallo N. The human islet amyloid polypeptide in protein misfolding disorders: Mechanisms of aggregation and interaction with biomembranes. Chem Phys Lipids 2020; 234:105010. [PMID: 33227292 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2020.105010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP), otherwise known as amylin, is a 37-residue peptide hormone which is reported to be a common factor in protein misfolding disorders such as type-2 diabetes mellitus, Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, due to deposition of insoluble hIAPP amyloid in the pancreas and brain. Multiple studies point to the importance of the peptide's interaction with biological membranes and the cytotoxicity of hIAPP species. Here, we discuss the aggregation pathways of hIAPP amyloid fibril formation and focus on the complex interplay between membrane-mediated assembly of hIAPP and the associated mechanisms of membrane damage caused by the peptide species. Mitochondrial membranes, which are unique in their lipid composition, are proposed as prime targets for the early intracellular formation of hIAPP toxic entities. We suggest that future studies should include more physiologically-relevant and in-cell studies to allow a more accurate model of in vivo interactions. Finally, we underscore an urgent need for developing effective therapeutic strategies aimed at hindering hIAPP-phospholipid interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam El Saghir
- Dept. of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, Msida, Malta; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Biobanking, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
| | - Gianluca Farrugia
- Dept. of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, Msida, Malta; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Biobanking, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
| | - Neville Vassallo
- Dept. of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, Msida, Malta; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Biobanking, University of Malta, Msida, Malta.
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24
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Moyse E, Haddad M, Benlabiod C, Ramassamy C, Krantic S. Common Pathological Mechanisms and Risk Factors for Alzheimer's Disease and Type-2 Diabetes: Focus on Inflammation. Curr Alzheimer Res 2020; 16:986-1006. [PMID: 31692443 DOI: 10.2174/1567205016666191106094356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes is considered as a risk factor for Alzheimer's Disease, but it is yet unclear whether this pathological link is reciprocal. Although Alzheimer's disease and diabetes appear as entirely different pathological entities affecting the Central Nervous System and a peripheral organ (pancreas), respectively, they share a common pathological core. Recent evidence suggests that in the pancreas in the case of diabetes, as in the brain for Alzheimer's Disease, the initial pathological event may be the accumulation of toxic proteins yielding amyloidosis. Moreover, in both pathologies, amyloidosis is likely responsible for local inflammation, which acts as a driving force for cell death and tissue degeneration. These pathological events are all inter-connected and establish a vicious cycle resulting in the progressive character of both pathologies. OBJECTIVE To address the literature supporting the hypothesis of a common pathological core for both diseases. DISCUSSION We will focus on the analogies and differences between the disease-related inflammatory changes in a peripheral organ, such as the pancreas, versus those observed in the brain. Recent evidence suggesting an impact of peripheral inflammation on neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease will be presented. CONCLUSION We propose that it is now necessary to consider whether neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease affects inflammation in the pancreas related to diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohamed Haddad
- INRS-Centre Armand-Frappier Sante Biotechnologie, Laval, QC, Canada
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25
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Chen WT, Kuo YY, Lin GB, Lu CH, Hsu HP, Sun YK, Chao CY. Thermal cycling protects SH-SY5Y cells against hydrogen peroxide and β-amyloid-induced cell injury through stress response mechanisms involving Akt pathway. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0240022. [PMID: 33002038 PMCID: PMC7529293 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) are becoming a major threat to public health, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). The most common form of NDDs is Alzheimer’s disease (AD), boasting 60–70% share. Although some debates still exist, excessive aggregation of β-amyloid protein (Aβ) and neurofibrillary tangles has been deemed one of the major causes for the pathogenesis of AD. A growing number of evidences from studies, however, have suggested that reactive oxygen species (ROS) also play a key role in the onset and progression of AD. Although scientists have had some understanding of the pathogenesis of AD, the disease still cannot be cured, with existing treatment only capable of providing a temporary relief at best, partly due to the obstacle of blood-brain barrier (BBB). The study was aimed to ascertain the neuroprotective effect of thermal cycle hyperthermia (TC-HT) against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and Aβ-induced cytotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells. Treating cells with this physical stimulation beforehand significantly improved the cell viability and decreased the ROS content. The underlying mechanisms may be due to the activation of Akt pathway and the downstream antioxidant and prosurvival proteins. The findings manifest significant potential of TC-HT in neuroprotection, via inhibition of oxidative stress and cell apoptosis. It is believed that coupled with the use of drugs or natural compounds, this methodology can be even more effective in treating NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ting Chen
- Department of Physics, Lab for Medical Physics & Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Biomedical & Molecular Imaging Center, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Yi Kuo
- Department of Physics, Lab for Medical Physics & Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Biomedical & Molecular Imaging Center, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Bo Lin
- Department of Physics, Lab for Medical Physics & Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Biomedical & Molecular Imaging Center, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chueh-Hsuan Lu
- Department of Physics, Lab for Medical Physics & Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Biomedical & Molecular Imaging Center, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Ping Hsu
- Department of Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Kun Sun
- Biomedical & Molecular Imaging Center, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yu Chao
- Department of Physics, Lab for Medical Physics & Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Biomedical & Molecular Imaging Center, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Applied Physics, Biophysics Division, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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26
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Zhang Y, Zhao Y, Zhang J, Yang G. Mechanisms of NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation: Its Role in the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease. Neurochem Res 2020; 45:2560-2572. [PMID: 32929691 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-020-03121-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disease of progressive dementia which is characterized pathologically by extracellular neuritic plaques containing aggregated amyloid beta (Aβ) and intracellular hyperphosphorylated tau protein tangles in cerebrum. It has been confirmed that microglia-specific nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome-mediated chronic neuroinflammation plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of AD. Stimulated by Aβ deposition, NLRP3 assembles and activates within microglia in the AD brain, leading to caspase-1 activation along with downstream interleukin (IL)-1β secretion, and subsequent inflammatory events. Activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome mediates microglia to exhibit inflammatory M1 phenotype, with high expression of caspase-1 and IL-1β. This leads to Aβ deposition and neuronal loss in the amyloid precursor protein (APP)/human presenilin-1 (PS1) mouse model of AD. However, NLRP3 or caspase-1 deletion in APP/PS1 mice promotes microglia to transform to an anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype, with decreased secretion of caspase-1 and IL-1β. It also results in improved cognition, enhanced Aβ clearance, and a lower cerebral inflammatory response. This result suggests that the NLRP3 inflammasome may be an appropriate target for reducing neuroinflammation and alleviating pathological processes in AD. In the present review, we summarize the generally accepted regulatory mechanisms of NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and explore its role in neuroinflammation. Furthermore, we speculate on the possible roles of microglia-specific NLRP3 activation in AD pathogenesis and consider potential therapeutic interventions targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yidan Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Hepingxi Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Zhao
- Department of Geriatrics, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Hepingxi Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Hepingxi Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, People's Republic of China
| | - Guofeng Yang
- Department of Geriatrics, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Hepingxi Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, People's Republic of China.
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27
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Jordan TL, Maar K, Redhage KR, Misra P, Blancas-Mejia LM, Dick CJ, Wall JS, Williams A, Dietz AB, van Wijnen AJ, Lin Y, Ramirez-Alvarado M. Light chain amyloidosis induced inflammatory changes in cardiomyocytes and adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells. Leukemia 2020; 34:1383-1393. [PMID: 31796914 PMCID: PMC7196017 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-019-0640-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Light chain (AL) amyloidosis is a progressive, degenerative disease characterized by the misfolding and amyloid deposition of immunoglobulin light chain (LC). The amyloid deposits lead to organ failure and death. Our laboratory is specifically interested in cardiac involvement of AL amyloidosis. We have previously shown that the fibrillar aggregates of LC proteins can be cytotoxic and arrest the growth of human RFP-AC16 cardiomyocytes in vitro. We showed that adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (AMSC) can rescue the cardiomyocytes from the fibril-induced growth arrest through contact-dependent mechanisms. In this study, we examined the transcriptome changes of human cardiomyocytes and AMSC in the presence of AL amyloid fibrils. The presence of fibrils causes a 'priming' immune response in AMSC associated with interferon associated genes. Exposure to AL fibrils induced changes in the pathways associated with immune response and extracellular matrix components in cardiomyocytes. We also observed upregulation of innate immune-associated transcripts (chemokines, cytokines, and complement), suggesting that amyloid fibrils initiate an innate immune response on these cells, possibly due to phenotypic transformation. This study corroborates and expands our previous studies and identifies potential new immunologic mechanisms of action for fibril toxicity on human cardiomyocytes and AMSC rescue effect on cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torri L Jordan
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Khansaa Maar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Keely R Redhage
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Pinaki Misra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Luis M Blancas-Mejia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Christopher J Dick
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jonathan S Wall
- Departments of Medicine and Radiology, the University of Tennessee Graduate School of Medicine, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Angela Williams
- Departments of Medicine and Radiology, the University of Tennessee Graduate School of Medicine, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Allan B Dietz
- Immune Progenitor Adoptive Cell Therapy (IMPACT) Lab, Division of Transfusion Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Andre J van Wijnen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Yi Lin
- Immune Progenitor Adoptive Cell Therapy (IMPACT) Lab, Division of Transfusion Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
- Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
| | - Marina Ramirez-Alvarado
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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28
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Li Y, Xu P, Shan J, Sun W, Ji X, Chi T, Liu P, Zou L. Interaction between hyperphosphorylated tau and pyroptosis in forskolin and streptozotocin induced AD models. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 121:109618. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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29
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Leong YQ, Ng KY, Chye SM, Ling APK, Koh RY. Mechanisms of action of amyloid-beta and its precursor protein in neuronal cell death. Metab Brain Dis 2020; 35:11-30. [PMID: 31811496 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-019-00516-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular senile plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles are the neuropathological findings of the Alzheimer's disease (AD). Based on the amyloid cascade hypothesis, the main component of senile plaques, the amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptide, and its derivative called amyloid precursor protein (APP) both have been found to place their central roles in AD development for years. However, the recent therapeutics have yet to reverse or halt this disease. Previous evidence demonstrates that the accumulation of Aβ peptides and APP can exert neurotoxicity and ultimately neuronal cell death. Hence, we discuss the mechanisms of excessive production of Aβ peptides and APP serving as pathophysiologic stimuli for the initiation of various cell signalling pathways including apoptosis, necrosis, necroptosis and autophagy which lead to neuronal cell death. Conversely, the activation of such pathways could also result in the abnormal generation of APP and Aβ peptides. An elucidation of actions of APP and its metabolite, Aβ, could be vital in suggesting novel therapeutic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Qi Leong
- School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, No. 126, Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Khuen Yen Ng
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, 47500, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Soi Moi Chye
- School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, No. 126, Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Anna Pick Kiong Ling
- School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, No. 126, Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rhun Yian Koh
- School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, No. 126, Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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30
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Aftabizadeh M, Tatarek-Nossol M, Andreetto E, El Bounkari O, Kipp M, Beyer C, Latz E, Bernhagen J, Kapurniotu A. Blocking Inflammasome Activation Caused by β-Amyloid Peptide (Aβ) and Islet Amyloid Polypeptide (IAPP) through an IAPP Mimic. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:3703-3717. [PMID: 31295403 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.9b00260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation in the brain and pancreas is linked to cell degeneration and pathogenesis of both Alzheimer's disease (AD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Inflammatory cascades in both tissues are triggered by the uptake of β-amyloid peptide (Aβ) or islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) aggregates by microglial cells (AD) or macrophages (T2D) and their insufficient lysosomal degradation. This results in lysosomal damage, caspase-1/NLRP3 inflammasome activation and release of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), a key proinflammatory cytokine in both diseases. Here we show that the inflammatory processes mediated by Aβ and IAPP aggregates in microglial cells and macrophages are blocked by IAPP-GI, a nonamyloidogenic IAPP mimic, which forms high-affinity soluble and nonfibrillar hetero-oligomers with both polypeptides. In contrast to fibrillar Aβ aggregates, nonfibrillar Aβ/IAPP-GI or Aβ/IAPP hetero-oligomers become rapidly internalized by microglial cells and targeted to lysosomes where Aβ is fully degraded. Internalization occurs via IAPP receptor-mediated endocytosis. Moreover, in contrast to IAPP aggregates, IAPP/IAPP-GI hetero-oligomers become rapidly internalized and degraded in the lysosomal compartments of macrophages. Our findings uncover a previously unknown function for the IAPP/Aβ cross-amyloid interaction and suggest that conversion of Aβ or IAPP into lysosome-targeted and easily degradable hetero-oligomers by heteroassociation with IAPP mimics could become a promising approach to specifically prevent amyloid-mediated inflammation in AD, T2D, or both diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Aftabizadeh
- Division of Peptide Biochemistry, Technische Universität München, Emil-Erlenmeyer-Forum 5, D-85354 Freising, Germany
- Cancer Immunotherapeutics and Tumor Immunology, City of Hope Medical Center Duarte, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, California 91010, United States
| | | | - Erika Andreetto
- Division of Peptide Biochemistry, Technische Universität München, Emil-Erlenmeyer-Forum 5, D-85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Omar El Bounkari
- Chair of Vascular Biology, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Kipp
- Department of Anatomy II, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | | | - Eicke Latz
- Institute of Innate Immunity, University of Bonn, Biomedical Center, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
- Division of Infectious Diseases & Immunology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 364 Plantation St., Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
| | - Jürgen Bernhagen
- Chair of Vascular Biology, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Aphrodite Kapurniotu
- Division of Peptide Biochemistry, Technische Universität München, Emil-Erlenmeyer-Forum 5, D-85354 Freising, Germany
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Mannini B, Vecchi G, Labrador-Garrido A, Fabre B, Fani G, Franco JM, Lilley K, Pozo D, Vendruscolo M, Chiti F, Dobson CM, Roodveldt C. Differential Interactome and Innate Immune Response Activation of Two Structurally Distinct Misfolded Protein Oligomers. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:3464-3478. [PMID: 31313906 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.9b00088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The formation of misfolded protein oligomers during early stages of amyloid aggregation and the activation of neuroinflammatory responses are two key events associated with neurodegenerative diseases. Although it has been established that misfolded oligomers are involved in the neuroinflammatory process, the links between their structural features and their functional effects on the immune response remain unknown. To explore such links, we took advantage of two structurally distinct soluble oligomers (type A and B) of protein HypF-N and compared the elicited microglial inflammatory responses. By using confocal microscopy, protein pull-down, and high-throughput mass spectrometry, we found that, even though both types bound to a common pool of microglial proteins, type B oligomers-with a lower solvent-exposed hydrophobicity-showed enhanced protein binding, correlating with the observed inflammatory response. Furthermore, the interactome associated with inflammatory-mediated neurodegeneration revealed previously unidentified receptors and signaling molecules likely to be involved in the oligomer-elicited innate immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedetta Mannini
- Centre for Misfolding Diseases, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, CB2 1EW Cambridge, U.K
| | - Giulia Vecchi
- Centre for Misfolding Diseases, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, CB2 1EW Cambridge, U.K
| | - Adahir Labrador-Garrido
- Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CABIMER) - Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41092 Seville, Spain
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Immunology, University of Seville, 41092 Seville, Spain
| | - Bertrand Fabre
- Cambridge Centre for Proteomics, Systems Biology Centre, Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, CB2 1GA Cambridge, U.K
| | - Giulia Fani
- Centre for Misfolding Diseases, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, CB2 1EW Cambridge, U.K
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Jaime M. Franco
- Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CABIMER) - Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41092 Seville, Spain
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Immunology, University of Seville, 41092 Seville, Spain
| | - Kathryn Lilley
- Cambridge Centre for Proteomics, Systems Biology Centre, Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, CB2 1GA Cambridge, U.K
| | - David Pozo
- Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CABIMER) - Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41092 Seville, Spain
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Immunology, University of Seville, 41092 Seville, Spain
| | - Michele Vendruscolo
- Centre for Misfolding Diseases, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, CB2 1EW Cambridge, U.K
| | - Fabrizio Chiti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Christopher M. Dobson
- Centre for Misfolding Diseases, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, CB2 1EW Cambridge, U.K
| | - Cintia Roodveldt
- Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CABIMER) - Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41092 Seville, Spain
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Immunology, University of Seville, 41092 Seville, Spain
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NLRP3 inflammasome pathway is involved in olfactory bulb pathological alteration induced by MPTP. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2019; 40:991-998. [PMID: 30728466 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-018-0209-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Olfactory bulb, as one of sensory organs opening to the outside, is susceptible to toxic environment and easy to deteriorate. Recent studies in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients and 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-treated monkeys have shown that abnormal α-synuclein is accumulated in the olfactory glomeruli, suggesting that the lesions of PD are not only confined to the substantia nigra (SN) but also located in the olfactory bulb. Thus, olfactory bulb might be the region of onset in PD pathogenesis and a targeted region for diagnosis and treatment of PD. However, the relationship between olfactory bulb and pathogenesis of PD remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated the inflammatory pathological alterations in olfactory bulb and the underlying mechanisms in chronic MPTP mice. Mice were treated with MPTP/P, i.e., MPTP (25 mg/kg, s.c.) plus probenecid (250 mg/kg, i.p.) every 4 days, for ten times. The mice displayed typical parkinsonian syndrome. Then we examined their olfactory function and the pathologic changes in olfactory bulb. The mice showed obvious olfactory dysfunction in a buried pellet test. Immunohistochemical studies revealed that tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) protein levels were significantly decreased, whereas abnormal α-synuclein was significantly increased in the olfactory bulbs. Furthermore, the olfactory bulbs in MPTP/P-treated mice showed significantly increased levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), caspase-1, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), Toll receptor 4 (TLR4), phosphorylation of p65, as well as activated molecules of NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) that were associated with neuroinflammation. Our results demonstrate that MPTP/P-caused olfactory bulb damage might be related to NLRP3-mediated inflammation.
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Modulation of Innate Immunity by Amyloidogenic Peptides. Trends Immunol 2019; 40:762-780. [PMID: 31320280 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2019.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Amyloid formation contributes to the development of progressive metabolic and neurodegenerative diseases, while also serving functional roles in host defense. Emerging evidence suggests that as amyloidogenic peptides populate distinct aggregation states, they interact with different combinations of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) to direct the phenotype and function of tissue-resident and infiltrating innate immune cells. We review recent evidence of innate immunomodulation by distinct forms of amyloidogenic peptides produced by mammals (humans, non-human primates), bacteria, and fungi, as well as the corresponding cell-surface and intracellular PRRs in these interactions, in human and mouse models. Our emerging understanding of peptide aggregate-innate immune cell interactions, and the factors regulating the balance between amyloid function and pathogenicity, might aid the development of anti-amyloid and immunomodulating therapies.
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Wang J, Yannie PJ, Ghosh SS, Ghosh S. Regulation of interleukin-1 beta secretion from macrophages via modulation of potassium ion (K + ) channel activity. FEBS Lett 2019; 593:1166-1178. [PMID: 31026357 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A causal relationship exists between macrophage cholesterol levels and inflammation, for example, Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) secretion. A decrease in intracellular K+ is essential for inflammasome activation/IL-1β secretion and, herein, we examined the hypothesis that cellular cholesterol affects K+ -channel activity and K+ -efflux using mouse peritoneal macrophages (MPMs) and human/THP1 macrophages. An increase in cellular cholesterol led to a significant increase in K+ currents (> 350% in both MPM and THP1). Enhancing cholesterol efflux returned K+ currents back to basal levels with corresponding increase in intracellular K+ (11.2-14.5%) and reduced IL-1β secretion (32-62%). These data demonstrate a novel mechanism by which cellular cholesterol modulates inflammation/inflammasome via regulation of K+ -channel activity and intracellular K+ levels. Attenuation of IL-1β secretion by Nateglinide/Repaglinide further suggests involvement of Kir6 channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, VCU Medical Center, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Paul J Yannie
- Hunter Homes McGuire VA Medical Center, Richmond, VA, USA
| | | | - Shobha Ghosh
- Department of Internal Medicine, VCU Medical Center, Richmond, VA, USA.,Hunter Homes McGuire VA Medical Center, Richmond, VA, USA
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Chen S, Zhou C, Yu H, Tao L, An Y, Zhang X, Wang Y, Wang Y, Xiao R. 27-Hydroxycholesterol Contributes to Lysosomal Membrane Permeabilization-Mediated Pyroptosis in Co-cultured SH-SY5Y Cells and C6 Cells. Front Mol Neurosci 2019; 12:14. [PMID: 30881285 PMCID: PMC6405519 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2019.00014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Emerging evidence suggests that 27-Hydroxycholesterol (27-OHC) causes neurodegenerative diseases through the induction of cytotoxicity and cholesterol metabolism disorder. The objective of this study is to determine the impacts of 27-OHC on lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP) and pyroptosis in neurons in the development of neural degenerative diseases. Methods: In this study, SH-SY5Y cells and C6 cells were co-cultured in vitro to investigate the influence of 27-OHC on the function of lysosome, LMP and pyroptosis related factors in neuron. Lyso Tracker Red (LTR) was used to detect the changes of lysosome pH, volume and number. Acridine orange (AO) staining was also used to detect the LMP in neurons. Then the morphological changes of cells were observed by a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The content of lysosome function associated proteins [including Cathepsin B (CTSB), Cathepsin D (CTSD), lysosomal-associated membraneprotein-1 (LAMP-1), LAMP-2] and the pyroptosis associated proteins [including nod-like recepto P3 (NLRP3), gasdermin D (GSDMD), caspase-1 and interleukin (IL)-1β] were detected through Western blot. Results: Results showed higher levels of lysosome function associated proteins, such as CTSB (p < 0.05), CTSD (p < 0.05), LAMP-1 (p < 0.01), LAMP-2; p < 0.01) in 27-OHC treated group than that in the control group. AO staining and LTR staining showed that 27-OHC induced lysosome dysfunction with LMP. Content of pyroptosis related factor proteins, such as GSDMD (p < 0.01), NLRP3 (p < 0.001), caspase-1 (p < 0.01) and IL-1β (p < 0.01) were increased in 27-OHC treated neurons. Additionally, CTSB was leaked through LMP into the cytosol and induced pyroptosis. Results from the present study also suggested that the CTSB is involved in activation of pyroptosis. Conclusion: Our data indicate that 27-OHC contributes to the pathogenesis of cell death by inducing LMP and pyroptosis in neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Cui Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Huiyan Yu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lingwei Tao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu An
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaona Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yushan Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Rong Xiao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Katsumoto A, Takeuchi H, Takahashi K, Tanaka F. Microglia in Alzheimer's Disease: Risk Factors and Inflammation. Front Neurol 2018; 9:978. [PMID: 30498474 PMCID: PMC6249341 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2018.00978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Microglia are resident immune cells in the central nervous system (CNS) that originate from myeloid progenitor cells in the embryonic yolk sac and are maintained independently of circulating monocytes throughout life. In the healthy state, microglia are highly dynamic and control the environment by rapidly extending and retracting their processes. When the CNS is inflamed, microglia can give rise to macrophages, but the regulatory mechanisms underlying this process have not been fully elucidated. Recent genetic studies have suggested that microglial function is compromised in Alzheimer's disease (AD), and that environmental factors such as diet and brain injury also affect microglial activation. In addition, studies of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2-deficiency in AD mice revealed heterogeneous microglial reactions at different disease stages, complicating the therapeutic strategy for AD. In this paper, we describe the relationship between genetic and environmental risk factors and the roles of microglia in AD pathogenesis, based on studies performed in human patients and animal models. We also discuss the mechanisms of inflammasomes and neurotransmitters in microglia, which accelerate the development of amyloid-β and tau pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsuko Katsumoto
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Medicine, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Takeuchi
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Medicine, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Keita Takahashi
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Medicine, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Fumiaki Tanaka
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Medicine, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
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Chan EWL, Krishnansamy S, Wong C, Gan SY. The NLRP3 inflammasome is involved in the neuroprotective mechanism of neural stem cells against microglia-mediated toxicity in SH-SY5Y cells via the attenuation of tau hyperphosphorylation and amyloidogenesis. Neurotoxicology 2018; 70:91-98. [PMID: 30408495 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2018.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The cognitive impairment caused by Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with beta-amyloid (Aβ) and tau proteins, and is accompanied by inflammation. Recently, a novel inflammasome signaling pathway has been uncovered. Inflammasomes are implicated in the execution of inflammatory responses and pyroptotic death leading to neurodegeneration. Thus, the inflammasome signaling pathway could be a potential therapeutic target for AD. Neural stem cells (NSCs) are multipotent cells that can self-renew and differentiate into distinct neural cells. NSC therapy has been considered to be a promising therapeutic approach in protecting the central nervous system and restoring it following damage. However, the mechanisms involved remain unclear. The aims of this study were to investigate the protective effects of NE4C neural stem cells against microglia-mediated neurotoxicity and to explore molecular mechanisms mediating their actions. NE4C decreased the levels of caspase-1 and IL-1β, and attenuated the level of the NLRP3 inflammasome and its associated protein adapter, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a C-terminal caspase recruitment domain (ASC) in LPS-stimulated BV2 microglial cells, possibly by regulating the phosphorylation of p38α MAPK. The conditioned media obtained from co-culture of LPS-stimulated BV2 and NE4C cells exhibited protective effects on SH-SY5Y cells against microglia-mediated neurotoxicity; this was associated with an attenuation of tau phosphorylation and amyloidogenesis and accompanied by down-regulation of GSK-3β and p38α MAPK signalling pathways. In conclusion, the present study suggested that NSC therapy could be a potential strategy against microglia-mediated neurotoxicity. NSCs regulate NLRP3 activation and IL-1β secretion, which are critical in the initiation of the inflammatory responses, hence preventing the release of neurotoxic pro-inflammatory factors by microglia. This eventually reduces tau hyperphosphylation and amyloidogenesis, possibly through the regulation of GSK-3β and p38α MAPK signalling pathways, and thus protects SH-SY5Y cells against microglia-mediated neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine Wan Ling Chan
- Institute for Research, Development and Innovation, International Medical University, Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Sangeetha Krishnansamy
- School of Postgraduate Studies, International Medical University, Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Cindy Wong
- School of Postgraduate Studies, International Medical University, Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Sook Yee Gan
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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38
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Peking P, Breitenbach JS, Ablinger M, Muss WH, Poetschke FJ, Kocher T, Koller U, Hainzl S, Kitzmueller S, Bauer JW, Reichelt J, Lettner T, Wally V. An ex vivo RNA trans-splicing strategy to correct human generalized severe epidermolysis bullosa simplex. Br J Dermatol 2018; 180:141-148. [PMID: 30099737 PMCID: PMC6334280 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.17075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Generalized severe epidermolysis bullosa simplex (EBS‐gen sev) is a genetic blistering skin disease in which autosomal dominant mutations in either the keratin KRT5 or KRT14 genes lead to impaired function of the intermediate filament cytoskeleton in the basal epidermis. Here we present an ex vivo RNA trans‐splicing‐based therapeutic approach to correct the phenotype. Objectives To correct a mutation within exon 1 of the KRT14 gene, using a 5′‐trans‐splicing approach, where any mutation within the first seven exons could be replaced by a single therapeutic molecule. Methods A therapeutic RNA trans‐splicing molecule containing wild‐type exons 1–7 was stably transduced into an EBS patient‐derived keratinocyte line. Trans‐splicing was confirmed via reverse‐transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting and immunofluorescence microscopy. Skin equivalents generated from corrected keratinocytes were grafted onto nude mice and analysed about 8 weeks post‐transplantation for regular epidermal stratification, trans‐splicing‐induced green fluorescent protein expression and blistering. Results Transplanted skin equivalents generated from trans‐splicing‐corrected patient keratinocytes showed a stable and blister‐free epidermis. KRT14 correction disrupted EBS‐gen sev‐associated proinflammatory signalling, as shown at the mRNA and protein levels. Disruption of the pathogenic feedback loop in addition to overall downregulation of KRT14 expression highlighted the effect of KRT14 correction on the EBS pathomechanism. Conclusions Our data demonstrate that trans‐splicing‐mediated mRNA therapy is an effective method for the correction of dominantly inherited KRT14 mutations at the transcriptional level. This results in the rescue of the EBS‐gen sev phenotype and stabilization of the epidermis in a xenograft mouse model. What's already known about this topic? RTM163, described in this study, was previously used in a transient in vitro transfection system, where the ability to correct KRT14 at the mRNA level was demonstrated.
What does this study add? In this study, we stably transduced RTM163 in a second patient‐derived keratinocyte line. Successful trans‐splicing was confirmed in this cell line. The expression of disease‐related marker genes, which are characteristically deregulated in epidermolysis bullosa simplex, were analysed. For the first time this study showed that RNA trans‐splicing molecule‐transduced patient keratinocytes can differentiate into a phenotypically normal and blister‐free epidermis in a xenograft mouse model.
What is the translational message? This study shows the feasibility of using spliceosome‐mediated RNA trans‐splicing to generate a stable and blister‐free epidermis in vivo. Combined with pre‐existing ex vivo gene therapeutic methods, this might be a valid option for future treatments of dominantly inherited genodermatoses.
Linked Comment: Bremer and van den Akker. Br J Dermatol 2019; 180:17–19.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Peking
- EB House Austria, Research Program for Molecular Therapy of Genodermatoses, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Müllner Hauptstraße 48, 5020, Salzburg, Austria.,Cell Therapy Institute, Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (Sci-TReCS), Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - J S Breitenbach
- EB House Austria, Research Program for Molecular Therapy of Genodermatoses, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Müllner Hauptstraße 48, 5020, Salzburg, Austria
| | - M Ablinger
- EB House Austria, Research Program for Molecular Therapy of Genodermatoses, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Müllner Hauptstraße 48, 5020, Salzburg, Austria
| | - W H Muss
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - F J Poetschke
- EB House Austria, Research Program for Molecular Therapy of Genodermatoses, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Müllner Hauptstraße 48, 5020, Salzburg, Austria
| | - T Kocher
- EB House Austria, Research Program for Molecular Therapy of Genodermatoses, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Müllner Hauptstraße 48, 5020, Salzburg, Austria
| | - U Koller
- EB House Austria, Research Program for Molecular Therapy of Genodermatoses, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Müllner Hauptstraße 48, 5020, Salzburg, Austria
| | - S Hainzl
- EB House Austria, Research Program for Molecular Therapy of Genodermatoses, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Müllner Hauptstraße 48, 5020, Salzburg, Austria
| | - S Kitzmueller
- EB House Austria, Research Program for Molecular Therapy of Genodermatoses, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Müllner Hauptstraße 48, 5020, Salzburg, Austria
| | - J W Bauer
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - J Reichelt
- EB House Austria, Research Program for Molecular Therapy of Genodermatoses, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Müllner Hauptstraße 48, 5020, Salzburg, Austria
| | - T Lettner
- EB House Austria, Research Program for Molecular Therapy of Genodermatoses, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Müllner Hauptstraße 48, 5020, Salzburg, Austria
| | - V Wally
- EB House Austria, Research Program for Molecular Therapy of Genodermatoses, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Müllner Hauptstraße 48, 5020, Salzburg, Austria
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NLRP3 inflammasome activation in inflammaging. Semin Immunol 2018; 40:61-73. [PMID: 30268598 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The process of aging is associated with the appearance of low-grade subclinical inflammation, termed inflammaging, that can accelerate age-related diseases. In Western societies the age-related inflammatory response can additionally be aggravated by an inflammatory response related to modern lifestyles and excess calorie consumption, a pathophysiologic inflammatory response that was coined metaflammation. Here, we summarize the current knowledge of mechanisms that drive both of these processes and focus our discussion the emerging concept that a key innate immune pathway, the NLRP3 inflammasome, is centrally involved in the recognition of triggers that appear during physiological aging and during metabolic stress. We further discuss how these processes are involved in the pathogenesis of common age-related pathologies and highlight potential strategies by which the detrimental inflammatory responses could be pharmacologically addressed.
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Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a disabling progressive disease characterized by the degeneration of motor neurons, leading to muscle atrophy and paralysis. The majority of cases are sporadic, but also a familiar form of ALS exists, and some genes causative of the pathology were found. In particular, mutations in superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) were found in 20% of familiar cases. It is known that neuroinflammation plays a pivotal role in several neurodegenerative disorders, including ALS. Inflammasomes are protein complexes that induce inflammation in response to various stimuli, involved also in neuroinflammation. The NLRP3 inflammasome, which is the best known, after assembly, induces the activation of caspase 1, which in turn activates interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18. The aim of this work was the evaluation of inflammasome activation in the brain of SOD1G93A rats, a transgenic model of ALS. We observed the increase in TLR4 and nuclear NF-κB levels in SOD1G93A rats. Their activation is known as priming signal for inflammasome induction. Moreover, NLRP3 protein increased, associated with the presence of active caspase 1, leading to an increase in IL-18 and IL-1β levels. In addition, IL-1β, IL-18, and IFN-γ amount increased in the spleen of SOD1G93A rats, together with an increased expression of CD4, CD8, CD44, and CD68 markers. In conclusion, our results showed the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in the brain of SOD1G93A rats, indicating that inflammation plays a main role in ALS.
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Li X, Cui XX, Chen YJ, Wu TT, Xu H, Yin H, Wu YC. Therapeutic Potential of a Prolyl Hydroxylase Inhibitor FG-4592 for Parkinson's Diseases in Vitro and in Vivo: Regulation of Redox Biology and Mitochondrial Function. Front Aging Neurosci 2018; 10:121. [PMID: 29755339 PMCID: PMC5935184 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
As the main transcription factor that regulates the cellular responses to hypoxia, Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD). HIF-1α is normally degraded through ubiquitination after hydroxylation by prolyl hydroxylases (PHD). Emerging evidence has suggested that HIF PHD inhibitors (HIF-PHI) may have neuroprotective effects on PD through increasing HIF-1α levels. However, the therapeutic benefit of HIF-PHI for PD remains poorly explored due to the lack of proper clinical compounds and understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms. In this study, we examined the therapeutic benefit of a new HIF-PHI, FG-4592, which is currently in phase 3 clinical trials to treat anemia in patients with chronic kidney diseases (CKD) in PD models. FG-4592 attenuates MPP+ -induced apoptosis and loss of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in SH-SY5Y cells. Pretreatment with FG-4592 mitigates MPP+-induced loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate (OCR), production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ATP. Furthermore, FG-4592 counterbalances the oxidative stress through up-regulating nuclear factor erythroid 2 p45-related factor 2 (Nrf-2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2). FG-4592 treatment also induces the expression of Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) through increasing the phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). In MPTP-treated mice, FG-4592 protects against MPTP-induced loss of TH-positive neurons of substantia nigra and attenuates behavioral impairments. Collectively, our study demonstrates that FG-4592 is a promising therapeutic strategy for PD through improving the mitochondrial function under oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Li
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin-Xin Cui
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ya-Jing Chen
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting-Ting Wu
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huaxi Xu
- Neuroscience Initiative, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Huiyong Yin
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China.,School of Life Sciences and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun-Cheng Wu
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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42
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Rea IM, Gibson DS, McGilligan V, McNerlan SE, Alexander HD, Ross OA. Age and Age-Related Diseases: Role of Inflammation Triggers and Cytokines. Front Immunol 2018; 9:586. [PMID: 29686666 PMCID: PMC5900450 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 679] [Impact Index Per Article: 113.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytokine dysregulation is believed to play a key role in the remodeling of the immune system at older age, with evidence pointing to an inability to fine-control systemic inflammation, which seems to be a marker of unsuccessful aging. This reshaping of cytokine expression pattern, with a progressive tendency toward a pro-inflammatory phenotype has been called "inflamm-aging." Despite research there is no clear understanding about the causes of "inflamm-aging" that underpin most major age-related diseases, including atherosclerosis, diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, cancer, and aging itself. While inflammation is part of the normal repair response for healing, and essential in keeping us safe from bacterial and viral infections and noxious environmental agents, not all inflammation is good. When inflammation becomes prolonged and persists, it can become damaging and destructive. Several common molecular pathways have been identified that are associated with both aging and low-grade inflammation. The age-related change in redox balance, the increase in age-related senescent cells, the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) and the decline in effective autophagy that can trigger the inflammasome, suggest that it may be possible to delay age-related diseases and aging itself by suppressing pro-inflammatory molecular mechanisms or improving the timely resolution of inflammation. Conversely there may be learning from molecular or genetic pathways from long-lived cohorts who exemplify good quality aging. Here, we will discuss some of the current ideas and highlight molecular pathways that appear to contribute to the immune imbalance and the cytokine dysregulation, which is associated with "inflammageing" or parainflammation. Evidence of these findings will be drawn from research in cardiovascular disease, cancer, neurological inflammation and rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Maeve Rea
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Science, Queens University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
- Northern Ireland Centre for Stratified Medicine, Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, University of Ulster, C-TRIC Building, Altnagelvin Area Hospital, Londonderry, United Kingdom
- Care of Elderly Medicine, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - David S. Gibson
- Northern Ireland Centre for Stratified Medicine, Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, University of Ulster, C-TRIC Building, Altnagelvin Area Hospital, Londonderry, United Kingdom
| | - Victoria McGilligan
- Northern Ireland Centre for Stratified Medicine, Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, University of Ulster, C-TRIC Building, Altnagelvin Area Hospital, Londonderry, United Kingdom
| | - Susan E. McNerlan
- Regional Genetics Service, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - H. Denis Alexander
- Northern Ireland Centre for Stratified Medicine, Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, University of Ulster, C-TRIC Building, Altnagelvin Area Hospital, Londonderry, United Kingdom
| | - Owen A. Ross
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
- Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
- School of Medicine and Medical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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43
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Wang YH, Zhang YG. Amyloid and immune homeostasis. Immunobiology 2018; 223:288-293. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2017.10.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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44
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Jiang D, Chen S, Sun R, Zhang X, Wang D. The NLRP3 inflammasome: Role in metabolic disorders and regulation by metabolic pathways. Cancer Lett 2018; 419:8-19. [PMID: 29339210 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 01/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Inflammasomes are large multimolecular complexes present in the cytosol of stimulated immune cells; they mediate the activation of caspase-1, leading to cellular pyroptosis. So far, a variety of studies on inflammasomes have emerged, and the best-studied is the NLRP3 inflammasome that is involved in many inflammatory responses. Furthermore, its relationship with metabolism is gaining increasing attention in this field. In this review, we discuss the importance of the NLRP3 inflammasome in metabolic disorders and its close association with metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xue Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, China.
| | - Di Wang
- Institute of Immunology, China.
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45
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Castrillo JI, Lista S, Hampel H, Ritchie CW. Systems Biology Methods for Alzheimer’s Disease Research Toward Molecular Signatures, Subtypes, and Stages and Precision Medicine: Application in Cohort Studies and Trials. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1750:31-66. [PMID: 29512064 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7704-8_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan I Castrillo
- Genetadi Biotech S.L. Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Derio, Bizkaia, Spain.
| | - Simone Lista
- AXA Research Fund & UPMC Chair, F-75013, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, AP-HP, GRC n° 21, Alzheimer Precision Medicine (APM), Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Boulevard de l'hôpital, F-75013, Paris, France
- Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Épinière (ICM), INSERM U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Boulevard de l'hôpital, F-75013, Paris, France
- Institut de la Mémoire et de la Maladie d'Alzheimer (IM2A), Département de Neurologie, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Boulevard de l'hôpital, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Harald Hampel
- AXA Research Fund & UPMC Chair, F-75013, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, AP-HP, GRC n° 21, Alzheimer Precision Medicine (APM), Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Boulevard de l'hôpital, F-75013, Paris, France
- Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Épinière (ICM), INSERM U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Boulevard de l'hôpital, F-75013, Paris, France
- Institut de la Mémoire et de la Maladie d'Alzheimer (IM2A), Département de Neurologie, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Boulevard de l'hôpital, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Craig W Ritchie
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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46
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Doig AJ. Positive Feedback Loops in Alzheimer's Disease: The Alzheimer's Feedback Hypothesis. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 66:25-36. [PMID: 30282364 PMCID: PMC6484277 DOI: 10.3233/jad-180583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The dominant model for Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the amyloid cascade hypothesis, in which the accumulation of excess amyloid-β (Aβ) leads to inflammation, excess glutamate and intracellular calcium, oxidative stress, tau hyperphosphorylation and tangle formation, neuronal loss, and ultimately dementia. In a cascade, AD proceeds in a unidirectional fashion, with events only affecting downstream processes. Compelling evidence now exists for the presence of positive feedback loops in AD, however, involving oxidative stress, inflammation, glutamate, calcium, and tau. The pathological state of AD is thus a system of positive feedback loops, leading to amplification of the initial perturbation, rather than a linear cascade. Drugs may therefore be effective by targeting numerous points within the loops, rather than concentrating on upstream processes. Anti-inflammatories and anti-oxidants may be especially valuable, since these processes are involved in many loops and hence would affect numerous processes in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J. Doig
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, Oxford Road, University of Manchester, UK
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47
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Marín-Aguilar F, Ruiz-Cabello J, Cordero MD. Aging and the Inflammasomes. EXPERIENTIA SUPPLEMENTUM (2012) 2018; 108:303-320. [PMID: 30536177 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-89390-7_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The inflammasomes are innate immune system sensors that control the activation of caspase-1 and induce inflammation in response to infectious microbes and molecules originating from host proteins, leading to the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, Il1b and IL18, and a particular inflammatory type of cell death termed pyroptosis. It is broadly considered that chronic inflammation may be a common link in age-related diseases, aging being the greatest risk factor for the development of chronic diseases. In this sense, we discuss the role of inflammasomes in non-infectious inflammation and their interest in aging and age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola Marín-Aguilar
- Research Laboratory, Oral Medicine Department, University of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Jesús Ruiz-Cabello
- CIC biomaGUNE, San Sebastian-Donostia, Spain, Madrid, Spain
- CIC biomaGUNE, Madrid, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Biscay, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
- Universidad Complutense Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mario D Cordero
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), University of Granada, Armilla, Spain.
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48
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Sarvestani ST, McAuley JL. The role of the NLRP3 inflammasome in regulation of antiviral responses to influenza A virus infection. Antiviral Res 2017; 148:32-42. [PMID: 29097227 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2017.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The innate immune system provides the host with both a dynamic barrier to prevent infection and a means to which rapid anti-microbial responses can be mounted. The inflammasome pathway is a critical host early response mechanism that enables detection of pathogens and initiates production of inflammatory cytokines, inducing recruitment of effector cells to the site of infection. The complete mechanism of inflammasome activation requires two signals: an initial priming step upon detection of pathogen, followed by activation of intracellular pattern recognition receptors critical to the formation of the inflammasome complex. The inflammasome complex is made of intracellular multiprotein oligomers which includes a sensor protein such as the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD) like receptor proteins (NLRP), and an adapter protein, ASC, which critically activates pro-caspase-1. The mature caspase-1 then proteolytically cleaves cytosolic pro-IL-1β and pro-IL-18, which are then secreted as inflammatory cytokines that activate the inflammatory arm of the immune response to infection. Active caspase-1 also results in pyroptosis, which is a form of cell death triggered by inflammation. The induction and activation of IL-1β and IL-18 are considered critical signatures for inflammasome activation. With focus upon influenza A virus infection, this review will address present knowledge on the mechanisms of inflammasome complex activation, particularly how the viral components modulate activation of the cytosolic NOD-like receptor protein-3 (NLRP3)-dependent inflammasome complex. We also discuss potential therapeutic strategies that target the inflammasome to ameliorate illness, as well as novel methods of vaccination that target inflammasome stimulation with the aim to increase efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soroush T Sarvestani
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia
| | - Julie L McAuley
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia.
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49
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Kulak K, Westermark GT, Papac-Milicevic N, Renström E, Blom AM, King BC. The human serum protein C4b-binding protein inhibits pancreatic IAPP-induced inflammasome activation. Diabetologia 2017; 60:1522-1533. [PMID: 28500395 PMCID: PMC5491568 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-017-4286-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Inflammasome activation and subsequent IL-1β production is a driver of islet pathology in type 2 diabetes. Oligomers, but not mature amyloid fibrils, of human islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP), which is co-secreted with insulin, trigger NOD-like receptor pyrin domain containing-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation. C4b-binding protein (C4BP), present in serum, binds to IAPP and affects transition of IAPP monomers and oligomers to amyloid fibrils. We therefore hypothesised that C4BP inhibits IAPP-mediated inflammasome activation and IL-1β production. METHODS Macrophages were exposed to IAPP in the presence or absence of plasma-purified human C4BP, and inflammasome activation was assessed by IL-1β secretion as detected by ELISA and reporter cell lines. IAPP fibrillation was assessed by thioflavin T assay. Uptake of IAPP-C4BP complexes and their effects on phagolysosomal stability were assessed by flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. The effect of C4BP regulation of IAPP-mediated inflammasome activation on beta cell function was assessed using a clonal rat beta cell line. Immunohistochemistry was used to examine the association of IAPP amyloid deposits and macrophage infiltration in isolated human and mouse pancreatic islets, and expression of C4BP from isolated human pancreatic islets was assessed by quantitative PCR, immunohistochemistry and western blot. RESULTS C4BP significantly inhibited IAPP-mediated IL-1β secretion from primed macrophages at physiological concentrations in a dose-dependent manner. C4BP bound to and was internalised together with IAPP. C4BP did not affect IAPP uptake into phagolysosomal compartments, although it did inhibit its formation into amyloid fibrils. The loss of macrophage phagolysosomal integrity induced by IAPP incubation was inhibited by co-incubation with C4BP. Supernatant fractions from macrophages activated with IAPP inhibited both insulin secretion and viability of clonal beta cells in an IL-1β-dependent manner but the presence of C4BP during macrophage IAPP incubation rescued beta cell function and viability. In human and mouse islets, the presence of amyloid deposits correlated with higher numbers of infiltrating macrophages. Isolated human islets expressed and secreted C4BP, which increased with addition of IL-1β. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION IAPP deposition is associated with inflammatory cell infiltrates in pancreatic islets. C4BP blocks IAPP-induced inflammasome activation by preventing the loss of macrophage phagolysosomal integrity required for NLRP3 activation. The consequence of this is the preservation of beta cell function and viability. C4BP is secreted directly from human pancreatic islets and this increases in response to inflammatory cytokines. We therefore propose that C4BP acts as an extracellular chaperone protein that limits the proinflammatory effects of IAPP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaudia Kulak
- Division of Medical Protein Chemistry, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Inga Marie Nilssons Gata 53, Skåne University Hospital, S20502, Malmö, Sweden
| | | | | | - Erik Renström
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Anna M Blom
- Division of Medical Protein Chemistry, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Inga Marie Nilssons Gata 53, Skåne University Hospital, S20502, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Ben C King
- Division of Medical Protein Chemistry, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Inga Marie Nilssons Gata 53, Skåne University Hospital, S20502, Malmö, Sweden.
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50
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Shao QH, Zhang XL, Yang PF, Yuan YH, Chen NH. Amyloidogenic proteins associated with neurodegenerative diseases activate the NLRP3 inflammasome. Int Immunopharmacol 2017; 49:155-160. [PMID: 28595078 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2017.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation has been shown as an essential factor in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease, and Multiple Sclerosis. Furthermore, activated microglia and increased pro-inflammatory cytokines are the major hallmarks in neurodegenerative diseases. A multimolecular complex named as inflammasome is involved in the process of inflammatory response, which can activate inflammatory caspases, leading to the cleavage and secretion of inflammatory cytokines, and finally generates a potent inflammatory response. In neurodegenerative diseases, it has been widely assumed that some types of amyloid proteins might be the triggers to activate the NLRP3 inflammasome. In this review, we summarize the current researches about the role of NLRP3 inflammasome, by reviewing the main studies in vitro and in vivo experiments and discuss the potential for new therapeutic interventions in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Hang Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xiao-Ling Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Peng-Fei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yu-He Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Nai-Hong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China.
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