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Pudełko-Malik N, Drulis-Fajdasz D, Pruss Ł, Mielko-Niziałek KA, Rakus D, Gizak A, Młynarz P. A single dose of glycogen phosphorylase inhibitor improves cognitive functions of aged mice and affects the concentrations of metabolites in the brain. Sci Rep 2024; 14:24123. [PMID: 39406810 PMCID: PMC11480434 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-74861-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 09/30/2024] [Indexed: 10/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of glycogen phosphorylase (Pyg) - a regulatory enzyme of glycogen phosphorolysis - influences memory formation in rodents. We have previously shown that 2-week intraperitoneal administration of a Pyg inhibitor BAY U6751 stimulated the "rejuvenation" of the hippocampal proteome and dendritic spines morphology and improved cognitive skills of old mice. Given the tedious nature of daily intraperitoneal drug administration, in this study we investigated whether a single dose of BAY U6751 could induce enduring behavioral effects. Obtained results support the efficacy of such treatment in significantly improving the cognitive performance of 20-22-month-old mice. Metabolomic analysis of alterations observed in the hippocampus, cerebellum, and cortex reveal that the inhibition of glycogen phosphorolysis impacts not only glucose metabolism but also various other metabolic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Pudełko-Malik
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, Wroclaw, 50-370, Poland
| | - Dominika Drulis-Fajdasz
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Wroclaw, Sienkiewicza 21, Wroclaw, 50- 335, Poland
| | - Łukasz Pruss
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, Wroclaw, 50-370, Poland
- Ardigen, Kraków, 30-394, Poland
| | - Karolina Anna Mielko-Niziałek
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, Wroclaw, 50-370, Poland
| | - Dariusz Rakus
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Wroclaw, Sienkiewicza 21, Wroclaw, 50- 335, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Gizak
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Wroclaw, Sienkiewicza 21, Wroclaw, 50- 335, Poland.
| | - Piotr Młynarz
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, Wroclaw, 50-370, Poland.
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2
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Gao Y, Zhang H, Hu Y. Baseline serum glutamate: Implications for diagnosis and prediction in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease of the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative. J Clin Neurosci 2024; 129:110828. [PMID: 39265358 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2024.110828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/14/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Numerous studies have highlighted a close link between metabolic imbalances and Alzheimer's Disease (AD). The advancement of metabolomics has recently enabled the exploration of characteristic metabolic changes associated with AD. Studies indicate that serum glutamate (Glu) levels may correlate with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD. This study aims to further elucidate the characteristics of baseline serum Glu levels in MCI and AD. METHODS This study included 783 participants from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative-1 (ADNI-1) cohort, categorized into cognitively normal (CN, n = 224), stable MCI (sMCI, n = 181), progressive MCI (pMCI, n = 193), and AD (n = 185). The study aimed to analyze the diagnostic value of baseline serum Glu, to explore its predictive capability for the progression from CN to MCI or AD, and from MCI to AD, and to analyze the relationship between serum Glu and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers and cognitive functions in different diagnostic groups. RESULTS Compared to the CN and sMCI groups, the pMCI group showed significantly lower levels of serum Glu, and the AD group also had lower Glu levels compared to the sMCI group. However, serum Glu did not show significant diagnostic value for MCI and AD. Lower levels of serum Glu could predict the progression from MCI to AD. CONCLUSION Serum Glu levels can predict the progression from MCI to AD, suggesting that it could provide new insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms of AD. However, serum Glu may not be an ideal peripheral biomarker for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Gao
- Department of General Medical Wards Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Stem Cell Therapy. Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yuming Hu
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
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3
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Castillo-Vazquez SK, Massieu L, Rincón-Heredia R, García-de la Torre P, Quiroz-Baez R, Gomez-Verjan JC, Rivero-Segura NA. Glutamatergic Neurotransmission in Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Potential Target to Improve Cognitive Impairment in Aging. Arch Med Res 2024; 55:103039. [PMID: 38981341 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Aging is characterized by the decline in many of the individual's capabilities. It has been recognized that the brain undergoes structural and functional changes during aging that are occasionally associated with the development of neurodegenerative diseases. In this sense, altered glutamatergic neurotransmission, which involves the release, binding, reuptake, and degradation of glutamate (Glu) in the brain, has been widely studied in physiological and pathophysiological aging. In particular, changes in glutamatergic neurotransmission are exacerbated during neurodegenerative diseases and are associated with cognitive impairment, characterized by difficulties in memory, learning, concentration, and decision-making. Thus, in the present manuscript, we aim to highlight the relevance of glutamatergic neurotransmission during cognitive impairment to develop novel strategies to prevent, ameliorate, or delay cognitive decline. To achieve this goal, we provide a comprehensive review of the changes reported in glutamatergic neurotransmission components, such as Glu transporters and receptors during physiological aging and in the most studied neurodegenerative diseases. Finally, we describe the current therapeutic strategies developed to target glutamatergic neurotransmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selma Karime Castillo-Vazquez
- Dirección de Investigación, Instituto Nacional de Geriatría, Mexico City, Mexico; Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Lourdes Massieu
- Departamento de Neuropatología Molecular, División de Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ruth Rincón-Heredia
- Unidad de Imagenología, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Paola García-de la Torre
- 4 Unidad de Investigación Epidemiológica y en Servicios de Salud, Área de Envejecimiento, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City Mexico
| | - Ricardo Quiroz-Baez
- Dirección de Investigación, Instituto Nacional de Geriatría, Mexico City, Mexico
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4
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Melendez J, Sung YJ, Orr M, Yoo A, Schindler S, Cruchaga C, Bateman R. An interpretable machine learning-based cerebrospinal fluid proteomics clock for predicting age reveals novel insights into brain aging. Aging Cell 2024; 23:e14230. [PMID: 38923730 PMCID: PMC11488306 DOI: 10.1111/acel.14230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Machine learning can be used to create "biologic clocks" that predict age. However, organs, tissues, and biofluids may age at different rates from the organism as a whole. We sought to understand how cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) changes with age to inform the development of brain aging-related disease mechanisms and identify potential anti-aging therapeutic targets. Several epigenetic clocks exist based on plasma and neuronal tissues; however, plasma may not reflect brain aging specifically and tissue-based clocks require samples that are difficult to obtain from living participants. To address these problems, we developed a machine learning clock that uses CSF proteomics to predict the chronological age of individuals with a 0.79 Pearson correlation and mean estimated error (MAE) of 4.30 years in our validation cohort. Additionally, we analyzed proteins highly weighted by the algorithm to gain insights into changes in CSF and uncover novel insights into brain aging. We also demonstrate a novel method to create a minimal protein clock that uses just 109 protein features from the original clock to achieve a similar accuracy (0.75 correlation, MAE 5.41). Finally, we demonstrate that our clock identifies novel proteins that are highly predictive of age in interactions with other proteins, but do not directly correlate with chronological age themselves. In conclusion, we propose that our CSF protein aging clock can identify novel proteins that influence the rate of aging of the central nervous system (CNS), in a manner that would not be identifiable by examining their individual relationships with age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Melendez
- Tracy Family SILQ CenterWashington University in St. LouisSt. LouisMissouriUSA
- Department of NeurologyWashington University in St. LouisSt. LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Yun Ju Sung
- Department of PsychiatryWashington University in St. LouisSt. LouisMissouriUSA
- Department of BiostatisticsWashington University in St. LouisSt. LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Miranda Orr
- Department of Internal MedicineWake Forest School of Medicine Section of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine Medical Center BoulevardWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Andrew Yoo
- Department of Developmental BiologyWashington University in St. LouisSt. LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Suzanne Schindler
- Department of NeurologyWashington University in St. LouisSt. LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Carlos Cruchaga
- Department of NeurologyWashington University in St. LouisSt. LouisMissouriUSA
- Department of PsychiatryWashington University in St. LouisSt. LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Randall Bateman
- Tracy Family SILQ CenterWashington University in St. LouisSt. LouisMissouriUSA
- Department of NeurologyWashington University in St. LouisSt. LouisMissouriUSA
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5
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Hong S, Tomar JS, Shen J. Metabolic coupling between glutamate and N-acetylaspartate in the human brain. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2024; 44:1608-1617. [PMID: 38483126 PMCID: PMC11418672 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x241239783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
A metabolic coupling between glutamate and N-acetylaspartate measured by in vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy has been recently reported in the literature with inconsistent findings. In this study, confounders originating from Pearson's spurious correlation of ratios and spectral correlation due to overlapping magnetic resonance spectroscopy signals of glutamate and N-acetylaspartate were practically eliminated to facilitate the determination of any metabolic link between glutamate and N-acetylaspartate in the human brain using in vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy. In both occipital and medial prefrontal cortices of healthy individuals, correlations between glutamate and N-acetylaspartate were found to be insignificant. Our results do not lend support to a recent hypothesis that N-acetylaspartate serves as a significant reservoir for the rapid replenishment of glutamate during signaling or stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungtak Hong
- Section on Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jyoti Singh Tomar
- Section on Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jun Shen
- Section on Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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6
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Duarte JMN. Concentrations of glutamate and N-acetylaspartate detected by magnetic resonance spectroscopy in the rat hippocampus correlate with hippocampal-dependent spatial memory performance. Front Mol Neurosci 2024; 17:1458070. [PMID: 39219740 PMCID: PMC11362093 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2024.1458070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) has been employed to investigate brain metabolite concentrations in vivo, and they vary during neuronal activation, across brain activity states, or upon disease with neurological impact. Whether resting brain metabolites correlate with functioning in behavioral tasks remains to be demonstrated in any of the widely used rodent models. This study tested the hypothesis that, in the absence of neurological disease or injury, the performance in a hippocampal-dependent memory task is correlated with the hippocampal levels of metabolites that are mainly synthesized in neurons, namely N-acetylaspartate (NAA), glutamate and GABA. Experimentally naïve rats were tested for hippocampal-dependent spatial memory performance by measuring spontaneous alternation in the Y-maze, followed by anatomical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) in the hippocampus and cortex. Memory performance correlated with hippocampal concentrations of NAA (p = 0.024) and glutamate (p = 0.014) but not GABA. Concentrations of glutamate in the cortex also correlated with spatial memory (p = 0.035). In addition, memory performance was also correlated with the relative volume of the hippocampus (p = 0.041). Altogether, this exploratory study suggests that levels of the neuronal maker NAA and the main excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate are associated with physiological functional capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- João M. N. Duarte
- Diabetes and Brain Function Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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Yadav S, Graham A, Al Hammood F, Garbark C, Vasudevan D, Pandey U, Asara JM, Rajasundaram D, Parkhitko AA. Unique tau- and synuclein-dependent metabolic reprogramming in neurons distinct from normal aging. Aging Cell 2024:e14277. [PMID: 39137949 DOI: 10.1111/acel.14277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuronal cells are highly specialized cells and have a specific metabolic profile to support their function. It has been demonstrated that the metabolic profiles of different cells/tissues undergo significant reprogramming with advancing age, which has often been considered a contributing factor towards aging-related diseases including Alzheimer's (AD) and Parkinson's (PD) diseases. However, it is unclear if the metabolic changes associated with normal aging predispose neurons to disease conditions or a distinct set of metabolic alterations happen in neurons in AD or PD which might contribute to disease pathologies. To decipher the changes in neuronal metabolism with age, in AD, or in PD, we performed high-throughput steady-state metabolite profiling on heads in wildtype Drosophila and in Drosophila models relevant to AD and PD. Intriguingly, we found that the spectrum of affected metabolic pathways is dramatically different between normal aging, Tau, or Synuclein overexpressing neurons. Genetic targeting of the purine and glutamate metabolism pathways, which were dysregulated in both old age and disease conditions partially rescued the neurodegenerative phenotype associated with the overexpression of wildtype and mutant tau. Our findings support a "two-hit model" to explain the pathological manifestations associated with AD where both aging- and Tau/Synuclein- driven metabolic reprogramming events cooperate with each other, and targeting both could be a potent therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Yadav
- Aging Institute of UPMC and the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Aidan Graham
- Aging Institute of UPMC and the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Farazdaq Al Hammood
- Aging Institute of UPMC and the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Chris Garbark
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Deepika Vasudevan
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Udai Pandey
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - John M Asara
- Division of Signal Transduction, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Dhivyaa Rajasundaram
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Andrey A Parkhitko
- Aging Institute of UPMC and the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Man JHK, Breur M, van Gelder CAGH, Marcon G, Maderna E, Giaccone G, Altelaar M, van der Knaap MS, Bugiani M. Region-specific and age-related differences in astrocytes in the human brain. Neurobiol Aging 2024; 140:102-115. [PMID: 38763075 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2024.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Astrocyte heterogeneity and its relation to aging in the normal human brain remain poorly understood. We here analyzed astrocytes in gray and white matter brain tissues obtained from donors ranging in age between the neonatal period to over 100 years. We show that astrocytes are differently distributed with higher density in the white matter. This regional difference in cellular density becomes less prominent with age. Additionally, we confirm the presence of morphologically distinct astrocytes, with gray matter astrocytes being morphologically more complex. Notably, gray matter astrocytes morphologically change with age, while white matter astrocytes remain relatively consistent in morphology. Using regional mass spectrometry-based proteomics, we did, however, identify astrocyte specific proteins with regional differences in abundance, reflecting variation in cellular density or expression level. Importantly, the expression of some astrocyte specific proteins region-dependently decreases with age. Taken together, we provide insights into region- and age-related differences in astrocytes in the human brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jodie H K Man
- Department of Child Neurology, Amsterdam Leukodystrophy Center, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marjolein Breur
- Department of Child Neurology, Amsterdam Leukodystrophy Center, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Charlotte A G H van Gelder
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Netherlands Proteomics Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Gabriella Marcon
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy; DAME, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Emanuela Maderna
- Division of Neurology 5 - Neuropathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgio Giaccone
- Division of Neurology 5 - Neuropathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Maarten Altelaar
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Netherlands Proteomics Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Marjo S van der Knaap
- Department of Child Neurology, Amsterdam Leukodystrophy Center, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marianna Bugiani
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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Abdullah M, Lin SH, Huang LC, Chen PS, Tseng HH, Yang YK. Fat loss and muscle gain: The possible role of cortical glutamate in determining the efficacy of physical exercise. Obes Res Clin Pract 2024; 18:163-170. [PMID: 38704348 DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2024.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical exercise is widely acknowledged for its health benefits, but its effectiveness in treating obesity remains contentious due to variability in response. Owing to the roles of glutamate in appetite regulation, food addiction, and impulsivity, this observational cohort-study evaluated medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) glutamate as a predictor of variability in exercise response, specifically in terms of fat loss and muscle gain. METHODS Healthy non-exercising adult men (n = 21) underwent an 8-week supervised exercise program. Baseline glutamate levels in the mPFC were measured through magnetic resonance spectroscopy. For exercise-dependent changes in body composition (fat and muscle mass), basal metabolic rate (BMR), and blood metabolic biomarkers related to lipid and glucose metabolism, measurements were obtained through bioelectrical impedance and blood sample analyses, respectively. RESULTS The exercise program resulted in significant improvements in body composition, including reductions in percentage body fat mass, body fat mass, and waist-to-hip ratio and an increase in mean muscle mass. Furthermore, BMR and metabolic indicators linked to glucose and lipids exhibited significant changes. Notably, lower baseline glutamate levels were associated with greater loss in percentage body fat mass (r = 0.482, p = 0.027), body fat mass (r = 0.441, p = 0.045), and increase in muscle mass (r = -0.409, p = 0.066, marginal) following the exercise program. CONCLUSION These preliminary findings contribute to our understanding of the neurobiology of obesity and emphasize the significance of glutamate in regulating body composition. The results also highlight cortical glutamate as a potential predictor of exercise-induced fat loss and muscle gain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Abdullah
- Taiwan International Graduate Program in Interdisciplinary Neuroscience, National Cheng Kung University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hsien Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Institute of Behavioral Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Clinical Medicine Research Center, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Li-Chung Huang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Po See Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Institute of Behavioral Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Huai-Hsuan Tseng
- Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Institute of Behavioral Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yen Kuang Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Institute of Behavioral Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Tainan Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Tainan, Taiwan.
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10
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Thomson AR, Hwa H, Pasanta D, Hopwood B, Powell HJ, Lawrence R, Tabuenca ZG, Arichi T, Edden RAE, Chai X, Puts NA. The developmental trajectory of 1H-MRS brain metabolites from childhood to adulthood. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhae046. [PMID: 38430105 PMCID: PMC10908220 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhae046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Human brain development is ongoing throughout childhood, with for example, myelination of nerve fibers and refinement of synaptic connections continuing until early adulthood. 1H-Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (1H-MRS) can be used to quantify the concentrations of endogenous metabolites (e.g. glutamate and γ -aminobutyric acid (GABA)) in the human brain in vivo and so can provide valuable, tractable insight into the biochemical processes that support postnatal neurodevelopment. This can feasibly provide new insight into and aid the management of neurodevelopmental disorders by providing chemical markers of atypical development. This study aims to characterize the normative developmental trajectory of various brain metabolites, as measured by 1H-MRS from a midline posterior parietal voxel. We find significant non-linear trajectories for GABA+ (GABA plus macromolecules), Glx (glutamate + glutamine), total choline (tCho) and total creatine (tCr) concentrations. Glx and GABA+ concentrations steeply decrease across childhood, with more stable trajectories across early adulthood. tCr and tCho concentrations increase from childhood to early adulthood. Total N-acetyl aspartate (tNAA) and Myo-Inositol (mI) concentrations are relatively stable across development. Trajectories likely reflect fundamental neurodevelopmental processes (including local circuit refinement) which occur from childhood to early adulthood and can be associated with cognitive development; we find GABA+ concentrations significantly positively correlate with recognition memory scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice R Thomson
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, 16 De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
- MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Department of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, New Hunt's House, Guy's Campus, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah Hwa
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, 16 De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
| | - Duanghathai Pasanta
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, 16 De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin Hopwood
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, 16 De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
| | - Helen J Powell
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, 16 De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
| | - Ross Lawrence
- Division of Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, 1629 Thames Street Suite 350, Baltimore, MD 21231, United States
| | - Zeus G Tabuenca
- Department of Statistical Methods, University of Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, Zaragoza, 50009, Spain
| | - Tomoki Arichi
- MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Department of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, New Hunt's House, Guy's Campus, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
- Centre for the Developing Brain, Department of Perinatal Imaging & Health, 1st Floor, South Wing, St Thomas’ Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Richard A E Edden
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 601 North Caroline Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, United States
- F.M. Kirby Research Centre for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, 707 North Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States
| | - Xiaoqian Chai
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, QC H3A2B4, Canada
| | - Nicolaas A Puts
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, 16 De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
- MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Department of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, New Hunt's House, Guy's Campus, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
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Gonsalves MA, White TL, Barredo J, DeMayo MM, DeLuca E, Harris AD, Carpenter LL. Cortical glutamate, Glx, and total N-acetylaspartate: potential biomarkers of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation treatment response and outcomes in major depression. Transl Psychiatry 2024; 14:5. [PMID: 38184652 PMCID: PMC10771455 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02715-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is an effective treatment for individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD) who have not improved with standard therapies. However, only 30-45% of patients respond to rTMS. Predicting response to rTMS will benefit both patients and providers in terms of prescribing and targeting treatment for maximum efficacy and directing resources, as individuals with lower likelihood of response could be redirected to more suitable treatment alternatives. In this exploratory study, our goal was to use proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy to examine how glutamate (Glu), Glx, and total N-acetylaspartate (tNAA) predict post-rTMS changes in overall MDD severity and symptoms, and treatment response. Metabolites were measured in a right dorsal anterior cingulate cortex voxel prior to a standard course of 10 Hz rTMS to the left DLPFC in 25 individuals with MDD. MDD severity and symptoms were evaluated via the Inventory of Depression Symptomatology Self-Report (IDS-SR). rTMS response was defined as ≥50% change in full-scale IDS-SR scores post treatment. Percent change in IDS-SR symptom domains were evaluated using principal component analysis and established subscales. Generalized linear and logistic regression models were used to evaluate the relationship between baseline Glu, Glx, and tNAA and outcomes while controlling for age and sex. Participants with baseline Glu and Glx levels in the lower range had greater percent change in full scale IDS-SR scores post-treatment (p < 0.001), as did tNAA (p = 0.007). Low glutamatergic metabolite levels also predicted greater percent change in mood/cognition symptoms (p ≤ 0.001). Low-range Glu, Glx, and tNAA were associated with greater improvement on the immuno-metabolic subscale (p ≤ 0.003). Baseline Glu predicted rTMS responder status (p = 0.025) and had an area under the receiving operating characteristic curve of 0.81 (p = 0.009), demonstrating excellent discriminative ability. Baseline Glu, Glx, and tNAA significantly predicted MDD improvement after rTMS; preliminary evidence also demonstrates metabolite association with symptom subdomain improvement post-rTMS. This work provides feasibility for a personalized medicine approach to rTMS treatment selection, with individuals with Glu levels in the lower range potentially being the best candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan A Gonsalves
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
- Butler Hospital Neuromodulation Research Facility, Providence, RI, USA.
- Center of Biomedical Research Excellence (COBRE) for Neuromodulation, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI, USA.
| | - Tara L White
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Carney Institute for Brain Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Jennifer Barredo
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Providence VA Medical Center, Providence, RI, USA
- Clinical Neuroimaging Research Core, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Marilena M DeMayo
- Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Emily DeLuca
- Clinical Neuroimaging Research Core, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Ashley D Harris
- Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Linda L Carpenter
- Butler Hospital Neuromodulation Research Facility, Providence, RI, USA
- Center of Biomedical Research Excellence (COBRE) for Neuromodulation, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
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12
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Martins C, Magalhães S, Almeida I, Neto V, Rebelo S, Nunes A. Metabolomics to Study Human Aging: A Review. Curr Mol Med 2024; 24:457-477. [PMID: 37026499 DOI: 10.2174/1566524023666230407123727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
In the last years, with the increase in the average life expectancy, the world's population is progressively aging, which entails social, health and economic problems. In this sense, the need to better understand the physiology of the aging process becomes an urgent need. Since the study of aging in humans is challenging, cellular and animal models are widely used as alternatives. Omics, namely metabolomics, have emerged in the study of aging, with the aim of biomarker discovering, which may help to uncomplicate this complex process. This paper aims to summarize different models used for aging studies with their advantages and limitations. Also, this review gathers the published articles referring to biomarkers of aging already discovered using metabolomics approaches, comparing the results obtained in the different studies. Finally, the most frequently used senescence biomarkers are described, along with their importance in understanding aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Martins
- Department of Medical Sciences, iBiMED: Institute of Biomedicine, University of Aveiro, Agra do Crasto, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Sandra Magalhães
- Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, UnIC@RISE, Cardiovascular Research & Development Centre, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto 4200-319, Portugal
| | - Idália Almeida
- Department of Medical Sciences, iBiMED: Institute of Biomedicine, University of Aveiro, Agra do Crasto, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
- CICECO: Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Vanessa Neto
- Department of Medical Sciences, iBiMED: Institute of Biomedicine, University of Aveiro, Agra do Crasto, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Sandra Rebelo
- Department of Medical Sciences, iBiMED: Institute of Biomedicine, University of Aveiro, Agra do Crasto, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Alexandra Nunes
- Department of Medical Sciences, iBiMED: Institute of Biomedicine, University of Aveiro, Agra do Crasto, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
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13
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Burnyasheva AO, Stefanova NA, Kolosova NG, Telegina DV. Changes in the Glutamate/GABA System in the Hippocampus of Rats with Age and during Alzheimer's Disease Signs Development. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2023; 88:1972-1986. [PMID: 38462444 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297923120027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
GABA and glutamate are the most abundant neurotransmitters in the CNS and play a pivotal part in synaptic stability/plasticity. Glutamate and GABA homeostasis is important for healthy aging and reducing the risk of various neurological diseases, while long-term imbalance can contribute to the development of neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Normalization of the homeostasis has been discussed as a promising strategy for prevention and/or treatment of AD, however, data on the changes in the GABAergic and glutamatergic systems with age, as well as on the dynamics of AD development, are limited. It is not clear whether imbalance of the excitatory/inhibitory systems is the cause or the consequence of the disease development. Here we analyzed the age-related alterations of the levels of glutamate, GABA, as well as enzymes that synthesize them (glutaminase, glutamine synthetase, GABA-T, and GAD67), transporters (GLAST, GLT-1, and GAT1), and relevant receptors (GluA1, NMDAR1, NMDA2B, and GABAAr1) in the whole hippocampus of the Wistar rats and of the senescence-accelerated OXYS rats, a model of the most common (> 95%) sporadic AD. Our results suggest that there is a decline in glutamate and GABA signaling with age in hippocampus of the both rat strains. However, we have not identified significant changes or compensatory enhancements in this system in the hippocampus of OXYS rats during the development of neurodegenerative processes that are characteristic of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alena O Burnyasheva
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Natalia A Stefanova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Nataliya G Kolosova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.
| | - Darya V Telegina
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
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14
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Frank SM, Becker M, Malloni WM, Sasaki Y, Greenlee MW, Watanabe T. Protocol to conduct functional magnetic resonance spectroscopy in different age groups of human participants. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102493. [PMID: 37572324 PMCID: PMC10448431 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023] Open
Abstract
We present a protocol to conduct functional magnetic resonance spectroscopy (fMRS) in human participants before, during, and after training on a visual task. We describe steps for participant setup, volume-of-interest placement, fMRS measurement, and post-scan tests. We discuss the design, analysis, and interpretation of fMRS experiments. This protocol can be adapted to investigate the dynamics of chief excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters (glutamate and γ-aminobutyric acid, GABA, respectively) while participants perform or learn perceptual, motor, or cognitive tasks. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Frank et al. (2022).1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian M Frank
- University of Regensburg, Institute for Experimental Psychology, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Markus Becker
- University of Regensburg, Institute for Experimental Psychology, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Wilhelm M Malloni
- University of Regensburg, Institute for Experimental Psychology, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Yuka Sasaki
- Brown University, Department of Cognitive, Linguistic and Psychological Sciences, 190 Thayer St., Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Mark W Greenlee
- University of Regensburg, Institute for Experimental Psychology, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Takeo Watanabe
- Brown University, Department of Cognitive, Linguistic and Psychological Sciences, 190 Thayer St., Providence, RI 02912, USA.
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15
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Ghasemian-Shirvan E, Ungureanu R, Melo L, van Dun K, Kuo MF, Nitsche MA, Meesen RLJ. Optimizing the Effect of tDCS on Motor Sequence Learning in the Elderly. Brain Sci 2023; 13:brainsci13010137. [PMID: 36672118 PMCID: PMC9857096 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13010137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the most visible effects of aging, even in healthy, normal aging, is a decline in motor performance. The range of strategies applicable to counteract this deterioration has increased. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), a non-invasive brain stimulation technique that can promote neuroplasticity, has recently gained attention. However, knowledge about optimized tDCS parameters in the elderly is limited. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the effect of different anodal tDCS intensities on motor sequence learning in the elderly. Over the course of four sessions, 25 healthy older adults (over 65 years old) completed the Serial Reaction Time Task (SRTT) while receiving 1, 2, or 3 mA of anodal or sham stimulation over the primary motor cortex (M1). Additionally, 24 h after stimulation, motor memory consolidation was assessed. The results confirmed that motor sequence learning in all tDCS conditions was maintained the following day. While increased anodal stimulation intensity over M1 showed longer lasting excitability enhancement in the elderly in a prior study, the combination of higher intensity stimulation with an implicit motor learning task showed no significant effect. Future research should focus on the reason behind this lack of effect and probe alternative stimulation protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ensiyeh Ghasemian-Shirvan
- Department of Psychology and Neurosciences, Leibniz Research Center for Working Environment and Human Factors, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
- International Graduate School of Neuroscience, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
- Neuroplasticity and Movement Control Research Group, REVAL Rehabilitation Research Center, REVAL, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hasselt University, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Ruxandra Ungureanu
- Department of Psychology and Neurosciences, Leibniz Research Center for Working Environment and Human Factors, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Lorena Melo
- Department of Psychology and Neurosciences, Leibniz Research Center for Working Environment and Human Factors, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
- International Graduate School of Neuroscience, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Kim van Dun
- Neuroplasticity and Movement Control Research Group, REVAL Rehabilitation Research Center, REVAL, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hasselt University, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Min-Fang Kuo
- Department of Psychology and Neurosciences, Leibniz Research Center for Working Environment and Human Factors, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Michael A. Nitsche
- Department of Psychology and Neurosciences, Leibniz Research Center for Working Environment and Human Factors, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
- University Clinic of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy and University Clinic of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Protestant Hospital of Bethel Foundation, University Hospital OWL, Bielefeld University, 33617 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Raf L. J. Meesen
- Neuroplasticity and Movement Control Research Group, REVAL Rehabilitation Research Center, REVAL, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hasselt University, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
- Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
- Correspondence:
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16
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Kanishka, Jha SK. Compensatory cognition in neurological diseases and aging: A review of animal and human studies. AGING BRAIN 2023; 3:100061. [PMID: 36911258 PMCID: PMC9997140 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbas.2022.100061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Specialized individual circuits in the brain are recruited for specific functions. Interestingly, multiple neural circuitries continuously compete with each other to acquire the specialized function. However, the dominant among them compete and become the central neural network for that particular function. For example, the hippocampal principal neural circuitries are the dominant networks among many which are involved in learning processes. But, in the event of damage to the principal circuitry, many times, less dominant networks compensate for the primary network. This review highlights the psychopathologies of functional loss and the aspects of functional recuperation in the absence of the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanishka
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Sushil K Jha
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
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17
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Gudkov SV, Burmistrov DE, Kondakova EV, Sarimov RM, Yarkov RS, Franceschi C, Vedunova MV. An emerging role of astrocytes in aging/neuroinflammation and gut-brain axis with consequences on sleep and sleep disorders. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 83:101775. [PMID: 36334910 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the role of astrocytes in the central nervous system has changed dramatically over the last decade. The accumulating findings indicate that glial cells are involved not only in the maintenance of metabolic and ionic homeostasis and in the implementation of trophic functions but also in cognitive functions and information processing in the brain. Currently, there are some controversies regarding the role of astrocytes in complex processes such as aging of the nervous system and the pathogenesis of age-related neurodegenerative diseases. Many findings confirm the important functional role of astrocytes in age-related brain changes, including sleep disturbance and the development of neurodegenerative diseases and particularly Alzheimer's disease. Until recent years, neurobiological research has focused mainly on neuron-glial interactions, in which individual astrocytes locally modulate neuronal activity and communication between neurons. The review considers the role of astrocytes in the physiology of sleep and as an important "player" in the development of neurodegenerative diseases. In addition, the features of the astrocytic network reorganization during aging are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey V Gudkov
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilov str., 119991 Moscow, Russia; Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 23 Gagarin ave., 603022 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia.
| | - Dmitriy E Burmistrov
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilov str., 119991 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Elena V Kondakova
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 23 Gagarin ave., 603022 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia.
| | - Ruslan M Sarimov
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilov str., 119991 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Roman S Yarkov
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 23 Gagarin ave., 603022 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia.
| | - Claudio Franceschi
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 23 Gagarin ave., 603022 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia.
| | - Maria V Vedunova
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 23 Gagarin ave., 603022 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia.
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18
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Risk of pre-existing hyponatremia and mortality in patients with traumatic brain injury across age groups. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10814. [PMID: 36211992 PMCID: PMC9539780 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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19
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Wright AM, Murali-Manohar S, Henning A. Quantitative T1-relaxation corrected metabolite mapping of 12 metabolites in the human brain at 9.4 T. Neuroimage 2022; 263:119574. [PMID: 36058442 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) is a non-invasive imaging modality that enables observation of metabolites. Applications of MRSI for neuroimaging have shown promise for monitoring and detecting various diseases. This study builds off previously developed techniques of short TR, 1H FID MRSI by correcting for T1-weighting of the metabolites and utilizing an internal water reference to produce quantitative (mmol kg-1) metabolite maps. This work reports and shows quantitative metabolite maps for 12 metabolites for a single slice. Voxel-specific T1-corrections for water are common in MRSI studies; however, most studies use either averaged T1-relaxation times to correct for T1-weighting of metabolites or omit this correction step entirely. This work employs the use of voxel-specific T1-corrections for metabolites in addition to water. Utilizing averaged T1-relaxation times for metabolites can bias metabolite maps for metabolites that have strong differences between T1-relaxation for GM and WM (i.e. Glu). This work systematically compares quantitative metabolite maps to single voxel quantitative results and qualitatively compares metabolite maps to previous works.
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20
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Cox MF, Hascup ER, Bartke A, Hascup KN. Friend or Foe? Defining the Role of Glutamate in Aging and Alzheimer’s Disease. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2022; 3:929474. [PMID: 35821835 PMCID: PMC9261322 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2022.929474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Aging is a naturally occurring decline of physiological processes and biological pathways that affects both the structural and functional integrity of the body and brain. These physiological changes reduce motor skills, executive function, memory recall, and processing speeds. Aging is also a major risk factor for multiple neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Identifying a biomarker, or biomarkers, that signals the transition from physiological to pathological aging would aid in earlier therapeutic options or interventional strategies. Considering the importance of glutamate signaling in synaptic plasticity, motor movement, and cognition, this neurotransmitter serves as a juncture between cognitive health and disease. This article discusses glutamatergic signaling during physiological aging and the pathological changes observed in AD patients. Findings from studies in mouse models of successful aging and AD are reviewed and provide a biological context for this transition. Finally, current techniques to monitor brain glutamate are highlighted. These techniques may aid in elucidating time-point specific therapeutic windows to modify disease outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- MaKayla F. Cox
- Dale and Deborah Smith Center for Alzheimer’s Research and Treatment, Department of Neurology, Neurosciences Institute, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, United States
| | - Erin R. Hascup
- Dale and Deborah Smith Center for Alzheimer’s Research and Treatment, Department of Neurology, Neurosciences Institute, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, United States
- Department of Pharmacology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, United States
| | - Andrzej Bartke
- Dale and Deborah Smith Center for Alzheimer’s Research and Treatment, Department of Neurology, Neurosciences Institute, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, United States
- Department of Internal Medicine, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, United States
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, United States
| | - Kevin N. Hascup
- Dale and Deborah Smith Center for Alzheimer’s Research and Treatment, Department of Neurology, Neurosciences Institute, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, United States
- Department of Pharmacology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, United States
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, United States
- *Correspondence: Kevin N. Hascup,
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21
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Miller CO, Gantert LT, Previs SF, Chen Y, Anderson KD, Thomas JM, Sanacora G, Uslaner JM, Rothman DL, Mason GF. A Novel Biomarker of Neuronal Glutamate Metabolism in Nonhuman Primates Using Localized 1H-Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy: Development and Effects of BNC375, an α7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Positive Allosteric Modulator. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY. COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2022; 7:598-606. [PMID: 33309567 PMCID: PMC8005500 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2020.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development of treatments for cognitive deficits associated with central nervous system disorders is currently a significant medical need. Despite the great need for such therapeutics, a significant challenge in the drug development process is the paucity of robust biomarkers to assess target modulation and guide clinical decisions. We developed a novel, translatable biomarker of neuronal glutamate metabolism, the 13C-glutamate+glutamine (Glx) H3:H4 labeling ratio, in nonhuman primates using localized 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy combined with 13C-glucose infusions. METHODS We began with numerical simulations in an established model of brain glutamate metabolism, showing that the 13C-Glx H3:H4 ratio should be a sensitive biomarker of neuronal tricarboxylic acid cycle activity, a key measure of overall neuronal metabolism. We showed that this biomarker can be measured reliably using a standard 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy method (point-resolved spectroscopy sequence/echo time = 20 ms), obviating the need for specialized hardware and pulse sequences typically used with 13C-magnetic resonance spectroscopy, thus improving overall clinical translatability. Finally, we used this biomarker in 8 male rhesus macaques before and after administration of the compound BNC375, a positive allosteric modulator of the α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor that enhances glutamate signaling ex vivo and elicits procognitive effects in preclinical species. RESULTS The 13C-Glx H3:H4 ratios in the monkeys showed that BNC375 increases neuronal metabolism in nonhuman primates in vivo, detectable on an individual basis. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that the ratio of 13C-Glx H3:H4 labeling is a biomarker that may provide an objective readout of compounds affecting glutamatergic neurotransmission and could improve decision making for the development of therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corin O Miller
- Department of Translational Imaging Biomarkers, Merck & Co., Kenilworth, New Jersey.
| | - Liza T Gantert
- Department of Translational Imaging Biomarkers, Merck & Co., Kenilworth, New Jersey
| | | | - Ying Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Merck & Co., Kenilworth, New Jersey
| | - Kenneth D Anderson
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacokinetics, and Drug Metabolism, Merck & Co., Kenilworth, New Jersey
| | - Justina M Thomas
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacokinetics, and Drug Metabolism, Merck & Co., Kenilworth, New Jersey
| | - Gerard Sanacora
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Jason M Uslaner
- Department of Neuroscience, Merck & Co., Kenilworth, New Jersey
| | - Douglas L Rothman
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; Department of Biomedical Engineering Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Graeme F Mason
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
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22
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Melichercik L, Tvrdik T, Novakova K, Nemec M, Kalinak M, Baciak L, Kasparova S. Huperzine aggravated neurochemical and volumetric changes induced by D-galactose in the model of neurodegeneration in rats. Neurochem Int 2022; 158:105365. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2022.105365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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23
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Kara F, Joers JM, Deelchand DK, Park YW, Przybelski SA, Lesnick TG, Senjem ML, Zeydan B, Knopman DS, Lowe VJ, Vemuri P, Mielke MM, Machulda MM, Jack CR, Petersen RC, Öz G, Kantarci K. 1H MR spectroscopy biomarkers of neuronal and synaptic function are associated with tau deposition in cognitively unimpaired older adults. Neurobiol Aging 2022; 112:16-26. [PMID: 35038671 PMCID: PMC8976711 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2021.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H MRS) may provide information on pathophysiological changes associated with tau deposition in cognitively unimpaired older adults. In this study, the associations of posterior cingulate gyrus tau and amyloid beta (Aβ) deposition on PET with 1H MRS metabolite ratios acquired from bilateral posterior cingulate gyri were investigated in cognitively unimpaired older adults. Participants (n = 40) from the Mayo Clinic Study of Aging underwent single-voxel sLASER 1H MRS from the posterior cingulate gyrus at 3 Tesla, 18F-flortaucipir, and 11C- Pittsburgh Compound B (PiB) PET. An increase in posterior cingulate gyrus tau deposition, but not elevated Aβ, was associated with lower N-acetylaspartate/total creatine (tCr) and glutamate (Glu)/tCr ratios, and sex by tau interaction was observed in association with Glu/tCr. Higher tau levels in cognitively unimpaired older adults are associated with biomarkers of neural and synaptic injury even in the absence of cognitive impairment and these relationships appear to be stronger in women than in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firat Kara
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - James M Joers
- Department of Radiology, Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Dinesh K Deelchand
- Department of Radiology, Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Young Woo Park
- Department of Radiology, Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Scott A Przybelski
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Timothy G Lesnick
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Matthew L Senjem
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Information Technology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Burcu Zeydan
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic-Minnesota, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - David S Knopman
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic-Minnesota, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Val J Lowe
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Michelle M Mielke
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic-Minnesota, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Mary M Machulda
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic-Minnesota, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | | | - Gülin Öz
- Department of Radiology, Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Kejal Kantarci
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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24
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O'Grady KP, Satish S, Owen QR, Box BA, Bagnato F, Combes AJE, Cook SR, Westervelt HJ, Feiler HR, Lawless RD, Sarma A, Malone SD, Ndolo JM, Yoon K, Dortch RD, Rogers BP, Smith SA. Relaxation-Compensated Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer MRI in the Brain at 7T: Application in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis. Front Neurol 2022; 13:764690. [PMID: 35299614 PMCID: PMC8923037 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.764690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can probe tissue biochemistry in vivo with high resolution and sensitivity without requiring exogenous contrast agents. Applying CEST MRI at ultrahigh field provides advantages of increasing spectral resolution and improving sensitivity to metabolites with faster proton exchange rates such as glutamate, a critical neurotransmitter in the brain. Prior magnetic resonance spectroscopy and CEST MRI studies have revealed altered regulation of glutamate in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). While CEST imaging facilitates new strategies for investigating the pathology underlying this complex and heterogeneous neurological disease, CEST signals are contaminated or diluted by concurrent effects (e.g., semi-solid magnetization transfer (MT) and direct water saturation) and are scaled by the T1 relaxation time of the free water pool which may also be altered in the context of disease. In this study of 20 relapsing-remitting MS patients and age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers, glutamate-weighted CEST data were acquired at 7.0 T. A Lorentzian fitting procedure was used to remove the asymmetric MT contribution from CEST z-spectra, and the apparent exchange-dependent relaxation (AREX) correction was applied using an R1 map derived from an inversion recovery sequence to further isolate glutamate-weighted CEST signals from concurrent effects. Associations between AREX and cognitive function were examined using the Minimal Assessment of Cognitive Function in MS battery. After isolating CEST effects from MT, direct water saturation, and T1 effects, glutamate-weighted AREX contrast remained higher in gray matter than in white matter, though the difference between these tissues decreased. Glutamate-weighted AREX in normal-appearing gray and white matter in MS patients did not differ from healthy gray and white matter but was significantly elevated in white matter lesions. AREX in some cortical regions and in white matter lesions correlated with disability and measures of cognitive function in MS patients. However, further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to confirm these relationships due to potential confounding effects. The application of MT and AREX corrections in this study demonstrates the importance of isolating CEST signals for more specific characterization of the contribution of metabolic changes to tissue pathology and symptoms in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin P. O'Grady
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Sanjana Satish
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Quinn R. Owen
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Bailey A. Box
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Francesca Bagnato
- Neuroimaging Unit, Division of Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
- Department of Neurology, Nashville VA Medical Center, TN Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Anna J. E. Combes
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Sarah R. Cook
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Holly James Westervelt
- Division of Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Haley R. Feiler
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Richard D. Lawless
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Asha Sarma
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Shekinah D. Malone
- School of Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Josephine M. Ndolo
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Keejin Yoon
- Neuroimaging Unit, Division of Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Richard D. Dortch
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Baxter P. Rogers
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
- Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Seth A. Smith
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
- Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
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25
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Garland EF, Hartnell IJ, Boche D. Microglia and Astrocyte Function and Communication: What Do We Know in Humans? Front Neurosci 2022; 16:824888. [PMID: 35250459 PMCID: PMC8888691 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.824888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Microglia and astrocytes play essential roles in the central nervous system contributing to many functions including homeostasis, immune response, blood-brain barrier maintenance and synaptic support. Evidence has emerged from experimental models of glial communication that microglia and astrocytes influence and coordinate each other and their effects on the brain environment. However, due to the difference in glial cells between humans and rodents, it is essential to confirm the relevance of these findings in human brains. Here, we aim to review the current knowledge on microglia-astrocyte crosstalk in humans, exploring novel methodological techniques used in health and disease conditions. This will include an in-depth look at cell culture and iPSCs, post-mortem studies, imaging and fluid biomarkers, genetics and transcriptomic data. In this review, we will discuss the advantages and limitations of these methods, highlighting the understanding these methods have brought the field on these cells communicative abilities, and the knowledge gaps that remain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Delphine Boche
- Clinical Neurosciences, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
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26
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Garin CM, Nadkarni NA, Pépin J, Flament J, Dhenain M. Whole brain mapping of glutamate distribution in adult and old primates at 11.7T. Neuroimage 2022; 251:118984. [PMID: 35149230 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.118984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutamate is the amino acid with the highest cerebral concentration. It plays a central role in brain metabolism. It is also the principal excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain and is involved in multiple cognitive functions. Alterations of the glutamatergic system may contribute to the pathophysiology of many neurological disorders. For example, changes of glutamate availability are reported in rodents and humans during Alzheimer's and Huntington's diseases, epilepsy as well as during aging. Most studies evaluating cerebral glutamate have used invasive or spectroscopy approaches focusing on specific brain areas. Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer imaging of glutamate (gluCEST) is a recently developed imaging technique that can be used to study relative changes in glutamate distribution in the entire brain with higher sensitivity and at higher resolution than previous techniques. It thus has strong potential clinical applications to assess glutamate changes in the brain. High field is a key condition to perform gluCEST images with a meaningful signal to noise ratio. Thus, even if some studies started to evaluate gluCEST in humans, most studies focused on rodent models that can be imaged at high magnetic field. In particular, systematic characterization of gluCEST contrast distribution throughout the whole brain has never been performed in humans or non-human primates. Here, we characterized for the first time the distribution of the gluCEST contrast in the whole brain and in large-scale networks of mouse lemur primates at 11.7 Tesla. Because of its small size, this primate can be imaged in high magnetic field systems. It is widely studied as a model of cerebral aging or Alzheimer's disease. We observed high gluCEST contrast in cerebral regions such as the nucleus accumbens, septum, basal forebrain, cortical areas 24 and 25. Age-related alterations of this biomarker were detected in the nucleus accumbens, septum, basal forebrain, globus pallidus, hypophysis, cortical areas 24, 21, 6 and in olfactory bulbs. An age-related gluCEST contrast decrease was also detected in specific neuronal networks, such as fronto-temporal and evaluative limbic networks. These results outline regional differences of gluCEST contrast and strengthen its potential to provide new biomarkers of cerebral function in primates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément M Garin
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Laboratoire des Maladies Neurodégénératives, 18 Route du Panorama, F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA), Direction de la Recherche Fondamentale (DRF), Institut François Jacob, MIRCen, 18 Route du Panorama, F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Nachiket A Nadkarni
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Laboratoire des Maladies Neurodégénératives, 18 Route du Panorama, F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA), Direction de la Recherche Fondamentale (DRF), Institut François Jacob, MIRCen, 18 Route du Panorama, F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Jérémy Pépin
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Laboratoire des Maladies Neurodégénératives, 18 Route du Panorama, F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA), Direction de la Recherche Fondamentale (DRF), Institut François Jacob, MIRCen, 18 Route du Panorama, F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Julien Flament
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Laboratoire des Maladies Neurodégénératives, 18 Route du Panorama, F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA), Direction de la Recherche Fondamentale (DRF), Institut François Jacob, MIRCen, 18 Route du Panorama, F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Marc Dhenain
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Laboratoire des Maladies Neurodégénératives, 18 Route du Panorama, F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA), Direction de la Recherche Fondamentale (DRF), Institut François Jacob, MIRCen, 18 Route du Panorama, F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.
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27
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Yang Y, Rui Q, Han S, Wu X, Wang X, Wu P, Shen Y, Dai H, Xue Q, Li Y. Reduced GABA levels in the medial prefrontal cortex are associated with cognitive impairment in patients with NMOSD. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2022; 58:103496. [PMID: 35032882 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2022.103496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive impairment is a symptom present in part of patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and its pathophysiology is unknown. Dysfunction of the GABAergic/glutamatergic pathways involving inhibitory and excitatory neurotransmitters have been implicated in several neurological disorders. This study aimed to investigate the changes in inhibitory gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and excitatory glutamate and glutamine (Glx) neurotransmitter levels and their correlations with cognitive functions in patients with NMOSD. METHODS A total of 29 patients with NMOSD and 28 sex-, age-, and education-matched healthy controls (HCs) were included in the study. All participants underwent clinical and cognitive assessments and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy scanning. Meshcher-Garwood point-resolved spectroscopy was used to measure GABA and Glx levels in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and left thalamus. Total creatine (tCr) was applied as an internal reference. The GABA and Glx levels in the patient group were compared with those in HCs and correlated with cognitive scores and clinical variables. RESULTS Patients with NMOSD showed lower GABA+/tCr levels in the mPFC compared with HCs (P = 0.028). The GABA+/tCr levels in the mPFC were significantly associated with verbal memory performance (r = 0.462, P = 0.027) and overall cognition (r = 0.440, P = 0.035) in the NMOSD group. The GABA+/tCr levels in the left thalamus or Glx/tCr levels in both regions were not significantly different between groups, nor were they related to any cognitive domain in patients with NMOSD (all P values > 0.05). CONCLUSION The GABA+ levels in the mPFC decreased and correlated with cognitive dysfunction in patients with NMOSD, suggesting that the changes in regional GABA+ levels might be a potential metabolic feature of cognitive decline in patients with NMOSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
| | - Qianyun Rui
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
| | - Shuting Han
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
| | - Xiaojuan Wu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
| | - Peng Wu
- Philips Healthcare, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Yueping Shen
- Department of Statistics, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
| | - Hui Dai
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China; Institute of Medical Imaging, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China.
| | - Qun Xue
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China; Clinical Research Center of Neurology, Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China.
| | - Yonggang Li
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China; Institute of Medical Imaging, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China; National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215000, China.
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28
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Al-Muraikhy S, Sellami M, Domling AS, Rizwana N, Agouni A, Al-Khelaifi F, Donati F, Botre F, Diboun I, Elrayess MA. Metabolic Signature of Leukocyte Telomere Length in Elite Male Soccer Players. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:727144. [PMID: 34977149 PMCID: PMC8716766 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.727144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Biological aging is associated with changes in the metabolic pathways. Leukocyte telomere length (LTL) is a predictive marker of biological aging; however, the underlying metabolic pathways remain largely unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the metabolic alterations and identify the metabolic predictors of LTL in elite male soccer players. Methods: Levels of 837 blood metabolites and LTL were measured in 126 young elite male soccer players who tested negative for doping abuse at anti-doping laboratory in Italy. Multivariate analysis using orthogonal partial least squares (OPLS), univariate linear models and enrichment analyses were conducted to identify metabolites and metabolic pathways associated with LTL. Generalized linear model followed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis were conducted to identify top metabolites predictive of LTL. Results: Sixty-seven metabolites and seven metabolic pathways showed significant associations with LTL. Among enriched pathways, lysophospholipids, benzoate metabolites, and glycine/serine/threonine metabolites were elevated with longer LTL. Conversely, monoacylglycerols, sphingolipid metabolites, long chain fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids were enriched with shorter telomeres. ROC analysis revealed eight metabolites that best predict LTL, including glutamine, N-acetylglutamine, xanthine, beta-sitosterol, N2-acetyllysine, stearoyl-arachidonoyl-glycerol (18:0/20:4), N-acetylserine and 3-7-dimethylurate with AUC of 0.75 (0.64-0.87, p < 0.0001). Conclusion: This study characterized the metabolic activity in relation to telomere length in elite soccer players. Investigating the functional relevance of these associations could provide a better understanding of exercise physiology and pathophysiology of elite athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamma Al-Muraikhy
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Drug Design, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Maha Sellami
- Department of Physical Education (PE), College of Education, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Najeha Rizwana
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Abdelali Agouni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit (BPRU), QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Francesco Donati
- Laboratorio Antidoping, Federazione Medico Sportiva Italiana, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Botre
- Laboratorio Antidoping, Federazione Medico Sportiva Italiana, Rome, Italy
| | - Ilhame Diboun
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Doha, Qatar
| | - Mohamed A Elrayess
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit (BPRU), QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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29
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Does Hemispheric Asymmetry Reduction in Older Adults in Motor Cortex Reflect Compensation? J Neurosci 2021; 41:9361-9373. [PMID: 34580164 PMCID: PMC8580140 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1111-21.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Older adults tend to display greater brain activation in the nondominant hemisphere during even basic sensorimotor responses. It is debated whether this hemispheric asymmetry reduction in older adults (HAROLD) reflects a compensatory mechanism. Across two independent fMRI experiments involving adult life span human samples (N = 586 and N = 81, approximately half female) who performed right-hand finger responses, we distinguished between these hypotheses using behavioral and multivariate Bayes (MVB) decoding approaches. Standard univariate analyses replicated a HAROLD pattern in motor cortex, but in and out of scanner behavioral results both demonstrated evidence against a compensatory relationship in that reaction time measures of task performance in older adults did not relate to ipsilateral motor activity. Likewise, MVB showed that this increased ipsilateral activity in older adults did not carry additional information, and if anything, combining ipsilateral with contralateral activity patterns reduced action decoding in older adults (at least in experiment 1). These results contradict the hypothesis that HAROLD is compensatory and instead suggest that the age-related ipsilateral hyperactivation is nonspecific, consistent with alternative hypotheses about age-related reductions in neural efficiency/differentiation or interhemispheric inhibition. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT A key goal in the cognitive neuroscience of aging is to provide a mechanistic explanation of how brain–behavior relationships change with age. One interpretation of the common finding that task-based hemispheric activity becomes more symmetrical in older adults is that this shift reflects a compensatory mechanism, with the nondominant hemisphere needing to help out with computations normally performed by the dominant hemisphere. Contrary to this view, our behavioral and brain data indicate that the additional activity in ipsilateral motor cortex in older adults is not reflective of better task performance nor better neural representations of finger actions.
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30
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Allen P, Hird EJ, Orlov N, Modinos G, Bossong M, Antoniades M, Sampson C, Azis M, Howes O, Stone J, Perez J, Broome M, Grace AA, McGuire P. Adverse clinical outcomes in people at clinical high-risk for psychosis related to altered interactions between hippocampal activity and glutamatergic function. Transl Psychiatry 2021; 11:579. [PMID: 34759289 PMCID: PMC8580992 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-021-01705-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Preclinical rodent models suggest that psychosis involves alterations in the activity and glutamatergic function in the hippocampus, driving dopamine activity through projections to the striatum. The extent to which this model applies to the onset of psychosis in clinical subjects is unclear. We assessed whether interactions between hippocampal glutamatergic function and activity/striatal connectivity are associated with adverse clinical outcomes in people at clinical high-risk (CHR) for psychosis. We measured functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of hippocampal activation/connectivity, and 1H-Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of hippocampal glutamatergic metabolites in 75 CHR participants and 31 healthy volunteers. At follow-up, 12 CHR participants had transitioned to psychosis and 63 had not. Within the clinical high-risk cohort, at follow-up, 35 and 17 participants had a poor or a good functional outcome, respectively. The onset of psychosis (ppeakFWE = 0.003, t = 4.4, z = 4.19) and a poor functional outcome (ppeakFWE < 0.001, t = 5.52, z = 4.81 and ppeakFWE < 0.001, t = 5.25, z = 4.62) were associated with a negative correlation between the hippocampal activation and hippocampal Glx concentration at baseline. In addition, there was a negative association between hippocampal Glx concentration and hippocampo-striatal connectivity (ppeakFWE = 0.016, t = 3.73, z = 3.39, ppeakFWE = 0.014, t = 3.78, z = 3.42, ppeakFWE = 0.011, t = 4.45, z = 3.91, ppeakFWE = 0.003, t = 4.92, z = 4.23) in the total CHR sample, not seen in healthy volunteers. As predicted by preclinical models, adverse clinical outcomes in people at risk for psychosis are associated with altered interactions between hippocampal activity and glutamatergic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Allen
- Department of Psychology, University of Roehampton, London, UK
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Emily J Hird
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
- National Institute of Health Research Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, UK.
| | - Natasza Orlov
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Liu Lab, Harvard Medical School, Athinoula Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Lab for Precision Brain Imaging, Department of Neuroscience, Precision Brain Imaging Lab, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Gemma Modinos
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
- MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Matthijs Bossong
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Mathilde Antoniades
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Carly Sampson
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Matilda Azis
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Oliver Howes
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- National Institute of Health Research Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Medical Research Council London Institute of Medical Sciences, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - James Stone
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Jesus Perez
- CAMEO Early Intervention in Psychosis Service, Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Matthew Broome
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Anthony A Grace
- Departments of Neuroscience, Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Philip McGuire
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- National Institute of Health Research Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, UK
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31
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Verkerke M, Hol EM, Middeldorp J. Physiological and Pathological Ageing of Astrocytes in the Human Brain. Neurochem Res 2021; 46:2662-2675. [PMID: 33559106 PMCID: PMC8437874 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-021-03256-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ageing is the greatest risk factor for dementia, although physiological ageing by itself does not lead to cognitive decline. In addition to ageing, APOE ε4 is genetically the strongest risk factor for Alzheimer's disease and is highly expressed in astrocytes. There are indications that human astrocytes change with age and upon expression of APOE4. As these glial cells maintain water and ion homeostasis in the brain and regulate neuronal transmission, it is likely that age- and APOE4-related changes in astrocytes have a major impact on brain functioning and play a role in age-related diseases. In this review, we will discuss the molecular and morphological changes of human astrocytes in ageing and the contribution of APOE4. We conclude this review with a discussion on technical issues, innovations, and future perspectives on how to gain more knowledge on astrocytes in the human ageing brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marloes Verkerke
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Elly M Hol
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Jinte Middeldorp
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Immunobiology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre (BPRC), P.O. Box 3306, 2280 GH, Rijswijk, The Netherlands
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32
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Human age-declined saliva metabolic markers determined by LC-MS. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18135. [PMID: 34518599 PMCID: PMC8437986 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97623-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolites in human biofluids reflect individual physiological states influenced by various factors. Using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC–MS), we conducted non-targeted, non-invasive metabolomics using saliva of 27 healthy volunteers in Okinawa, comprising 13 young (30 ± 3 year) and 14 elderly (76 ± 4 year) subjects. Few studies have comprehensively identified age-dependent changes in salivary metabolites. Among 99 salivary metabolites, 21 were statistically age-related. All of the latter decline in abundance with advancing age, except ATP, which increased 1.96-fold in the elderly, possibly due to reduced ATP consumption. Fourteen age-linked and highly correlated compounds function in a metabolic network involving the pentose-phosphate pathway, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, amino acids, and purines/pyrimidines nucleobases. The remaining seven less strongly correlated metabolites, include ATP, anti-oxidation-related glutathione disulfide, muscle-related acetyl-carnosine, N-methyl-histidine, creatinine, RNA-related dimethyl-xanthine and N-methyl-adenosine. In addition, glutamate and N-methyl-histidine are related to taste, so their decline suggests that the elderly lose some ability to taste. Reduced redox metabolism and muscle activity are suggested by changes in glutathione and acetyl-carnosine. These age-linked salivary metabolites together illuminate a metabolic network that reflects a decline of oral functions during human aging.
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MacDonald ME, Pike GB. MRI of healthy brain aging: A review. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2021; 34:e4564. [PMID: 34096114 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We present a review of the characterization of healthy brain aging using MRI with an emphasis on morphology, lesions, and quantitative MR parameters. A scope review found 6612 articles encompassing the keywords "Brain Aging" and "Magnetic Resonance"; papers involving functional MRI or not involving imaging of healthy human brain aging were discarded, leaving 2246 articles. We first consider some of the biogerontological mechanisms of aging, and the consequences of aging in terms of cognition and onset of disease. Morphological changes with aging are reviewed for the whole brain, cerebral cortex, white matter, subcortical gray matter, and other individual structures. In general, volume and cortical thickness decline with age, beginning in mid-life. Prevalent silent lesions such as white matter hyperintensities, microbleeds, and lacunar infarcts are also observed with increasing frequency. The literature regarding quantitative MR parameter changes includes T1 , T2 , T2 *, magnetic susceptibility, spectroscopy, magnetization transfer, diffusion, and blood flow. We summarize the findings on how each of these parameters varies with aging. Finally, we examine how the aforementioned techniques have been used for age prediction. While relatively large in scope, we present a comprehensive review that should provide the reader with sound understanding of what MRI has been able to tell us about how the healthy brain ages.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ethan MacDonald
- Department of Electrical and Software Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Departments of Radiology and Clinical Neuroscience, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Healthy Brain Aging Laboratory, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - G Bruce Pike
- Departments of Radiology and Clinical Neuroscience, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Healthy Brain Aging Laboratory, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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34
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Gasiorowska A, Wydrych M, Drapich P, Zadrozny M, Steczkowska M, Niewiadomski W, Niewiadomska G. The Biology and Pathobiology of Glutamatergic, Cholinergic, and Dopaminergic Signaling in the Aging Brain. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:654931. [PMID: 34326765 PMCID: PMC8315271 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.654931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The elderly population is growing worldwide, with important health and socioeconomic implications. Clinical and experimental studies on aging have uncovered numerous changes in the brain, such as decreased neurogenesis, increased synaptic defects, greater metabolic stress, and enhanced inflammation. These changes are associated with cognitive decline and neurobehavioral deficits. Although aging is not a disease, it is a significant risk factor for functional worsening, affective impairment, disease exaggeration, dementia, and general disease susceptibility. Conversely, life events related to mental stress and trauma can also lead to accelerated age-associated disorders and dementia. Here, we review human studies and studies on mice and rats, such as those modeling human neurodegenerative diseases, that have helped elucidate (1) the dynamics and mechanisms underlying the biological and pathological aging of the main projecting systems in the brain (glutamatergic, cholinergic, and dopaminergic) and (2) the effect of defective glutamatergic, cholinergic, and dopaminergic projection on disabilities associated with aging and neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Detailed knowledge of the mechanisms of age-related diseases can be an important element in the development of effective ways of treatment. In this context, we briefly analyze which adverse changes associated with neurodegenerative diseases in the cholinergic, glutaminergic and dopaminergic systems could be targeted by therapeutic strategies developed as a result of our better understanding of these damaging mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Gasiorowska
- Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Wydrych
- Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Patrycja Drapich
- Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Zadrozny
- Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marta Steczkowska
- Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wiktor Niewiadomski
- Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Grazyna Niewiadomska
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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35
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Tivarus ME, Zhuang Y, Wang L, Murray KD, Venkataraman A, Weber MT, Zhong J, Qiu X, Schifitto G. Mitochondrial toxicity before and after combination antiretroviral therapy, a Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy study. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2021; 31:102693. [PMID: 34020161 PMCID: PMC8144469 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2021.102693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to quantify, via Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS), the effect of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) on brain metabolites and characterize any possible associations between changes in metabolites, age, blood biomarkers of neuronal damage, functional connectivity and cognitive performance. As cART has dramatically increased the life expectancy of HIV-infected (HIV + ) individuals and unmasked an increase in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders, it is still not clear whether cART neurotoxicity contributes to these disorders. We hypothesized a bimodal effect, with early cART treatment of HIV infection decreasing inflammation as measured by MRS metabolites and improving cognitive performance, and chronic exposure to cART contributing to persistence of cognitive impairment via its effect on mitochondrial function. Basal ganglia metabolites, functional connectivity, cognitive scores, as well as plasma levels of neurofilament light chain (NfL) and tau protein were measured before and after 12 weeks, 1 year and 2 years of cART in a cohort of 50 cART-naïve HIV + subjects and 72 age matched HIV- healthy controls. Glutamate (Glu) levels were lower in the cART naïve patients than in healthy controls and were inversely correlated with plasma levels of NfL. There were no other significant metabolite differences between HIV + and uninfected individuals. Treatment improved Glu levels in HIV+, however, no associations were found between Glu, functional connectivity and cognitive performance. Stable brain metabolites and plasma levels of NfL and Tau over two-years of follow-ups suggest there are no signs of cART neurotoxicity in this relatively young cohort of HIV + individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madalina E Tivarus
- Department of Imaging Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester NY, USA; Department of Neuroscience, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester NY, USA.
| | - Yuchuan Zhuang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, USA
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester NY, USA
| | - Kyle D Murray
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester NY, USA
| | - Arun Venkataraman
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester NY, USA
| | - Miriam T Weber
- Department of Neurology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester NY, USA
| | - Jianhui Zhong
- Department of Imaging Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester NY, USA; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester NY, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester NY, USA
| | - Xing Qiu
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester NY, USA
| | - Giovanni Schifitto
- Department of Imaging Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester NY, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester NY, USA
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36
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Martens L, Herrmann L, Colic L, Li M, Richter A, Behnisch G, Stork O, Seidenbecher C, Schott BH, Walter M. Met carriers of the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism show reduced Glx/NAA in the pregenual ACC in two independent cohorts. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6742. [PMID: 33762638 PMCID: PMC7990923 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86220-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The Met allele of the Val66Met SNP of the BDNF gene (rs6265) is associated with impaired activity-dependent release of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), resulting in reduced synaptic plasticity, impaired glutamatergic neurotransmission, and morphological changes. While previous work has demonstrated Val66Met effects on magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) markers of either glutamatergic metabolism (Glx) or neuronal integrity (NAA), no study has investigated Val66Met effects on these related processes simultaneously. As these metabolites share a metabolic pathway, the Glx/NAA ratio may be a more sensitive marker of changes associated with the Val66Met SNP. This ratio is increased in psychiatric disorders linked to decreased functioning in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). In this study, we investigated the correlation of the Val66Met polymorphism of the BDNF gene with Glx/NAA in the pregenual anterior cingulate cortex (pgACC) using MRS at 3 Tesla (T) (n = 30, all males) and 7 T (n = 98, 40 females). In both cohorts, Met carriers had lower Glx/NAA compared to Val homozygotes. Follow-up analyses using absolute quantification revealed that the Met carriers do not show decreased pgACC glutamate or glutamine levels, but instead show increased NAA compared to the Val homozygotes. This finding may in part explain conflicting evidence for Val66Met as a risk factor for developing psychiatric illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Martens
- University Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Tübingen, Germany.,Graduate Training Center, IMPRS, Tübingen, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Luisa Herrmann
- University Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Tübingen, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Lejla Colic
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.,Clinical Affective Neuroscience Laboratory, Magdeburg, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.,Clinical Affective Neuroscience Laboratory, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Anni Richter
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | | | - Oliver Stork
- Department of Genetics & Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Biology, Otto-Von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany.,Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Constanze Seidenbecher
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany.,Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Björn H Schott
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany.,Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Göttingen, Germany
| | - Martin Walter
- University Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Tübingen, Germany. .,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany. .,Clinical Affective Neuroscience Laboratory, Magdeburg, Germany.
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37
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Zhang F, Kerbl-Knapp J, Akhmetshina A, Korbelius M, Kuentzel KB, Vujić N, Hörl G, Paar M, Kratky D, Steyrer E, Madl T. Tissue-Specific Landscape of Metabolic Dysregulation during Ageing. Biomolecules 2021; 11:235. [PMID: 33562384 PMCID: PMC7914945 DOI: 10.3390/biom11020235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The dysregulation of cellular metabolism is a hallmark of ageing. To understand the metabolic changes that occur as a consequence of the ageing process and to find biomarkers for age-related diseases, we conducted metabolomic analyses of the brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung and spleen in young (9-10 weeks) and old (96-104 weeks) wild-type mice [mixed genetic background of 129/J and C57BL/6] using NMR spectroscopy. We found differences in the metabolic fingerprints of all tissues and distinguished several metabolites to be altered in most tissues, suggesting that they may be universal biomarkers of ageing. In addition, we found distinct tissue-clustered sets of metabolites throughout the organism. The associated metabolic changes may reveal novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of ageing and age-related diseases. Moreover, the identified metabolite biomarkers could provide a sensitive molecular read-out to determine the age of biologic tissues and organs and to validate the effectiveness and potential off-target effects of senolytic drug candidates on both a systemic and tissue-specific level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangrong Zhang
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Ageing, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (F.Z.); (J.K.-K.); (A.A.); (M.K.); (K.B.K.); (N.V.); (D.K.); (E.S.)
| | - Jakob Kerbl-Knapp
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Ageing, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (F.Z.); (J.K.-K.); (A.A.); (M.K.); (K.B.K.); (N.V.); (D.K.); (E.S.)
| | - Alena Akhmetshina
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Ageing, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (F.Z.); (J.K.-K.); (A.A.); (M.K.); (K.B.K.); (N.V.); (D.K.); (E.S.)
| | - Melanie Korbelius
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Ageing, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (F.Z.); (J.K.-K.); (A.A.); (M.K.); (K.B.K.); (N.V.); (D.K.); (E.S.)
| | - Katharina Barbara Kuentzel
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Ageing, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (F.Z.); (J.K.-K.); (A.A.); (M.K.); (K.B.K.); (N.V.); (D.K.); (E.S.)
| | - Nemanja Vujić
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Ageing, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (F.Z.); (J.K.-K.); (A.A.); (M.K.); (K.B.K.); (N.V.); (D.K.); (E.S.)
| | - Gerd Hörl
- Otto-Loewi Research Center, Physiological Chemistry, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (G.H.); (M.P.)
| | - Margret Paar
- Otto-Loewi Research Center, Physiological Chemistry, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (G.H.); (M.P.)
| | - Dagmar Kratky
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Ageing, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (F.Z.); (J.K.-K.); (A.A.); (M.K.); (K.B.K.); (N.V.); (D.K.); (E.S.)
- BioTechMed-Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Ernst Steyrer
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Ageing, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (F.Z.); (J.K.-K.); (A.A.); (M.K.); (K.B.K.); (N.V.); (D.K.); (E.S.)
| | - Tobias Madl
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Ageing, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (F.Z.); (J.K.-K.); (A.A.); (M.K.); (K.B.K.); (N.V.); (D.K.); (E.S.)
- BioTechMed-Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
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38
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Saccà V, Sarica A, Quattrone A, Rocca F, Quattrone A, Novellino F. Aging effect on head motion: A Machine Learning study on resting state fMRI data. J Neurosci Methods 2021; 352:109084. [PMID: 33508406 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2021.109084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resting-state-fMRI is a technique used to explore the functional brain architecture in term of brain networks and their interactions. However, the robustness of Resting-state-fMRI analysis is negatively affected by physiological noise caused by subject head motion. The aim of our study was to provide new knowledge about the effect of normal aging on the head motion signals. NEW METHOD For the first time, we proposed a method for evaluating the most sensitive head motion parameters linked to subjects'aging. We enrolled 14-young(9females; mean-age = 28 ± 4.07) and 14-elderly(9females; mean-age = 66 ± 5.19) subjects. Along three axes(X,Y,Z), we extracted six motions parameters which reflected the head's movements to characterize translations(x,y,z) and rotations(angles phi,theta,psi). We performed:1)univariate analysis for comparing the groups and correlation to investigate the relationship between age and movement parameters; 2)Support-Vector-Machine, using bootstrap and calculating the feature importance. RESULTS Statistical analyses showed significant association between the aging and some motion's parameters(rotation psi; translations y and z). These results were also confirmed by multivariate analysis with Support-Vector-Machine that presented an AUC of 90 %. COMPARISON TO EXISTING METHODS The proposed method shows that normal aging produces significant increase in head motion parameters, highlighting the critical effect of motion on resting data analyses in particular considering psi, y and z movements. To our knowledge and at the present, this represents the first study investigating the accurate characterization of motion parameters in aging. CONCLUSIONS Our results have a high impact to improve healthy control recruitment and appropriately decreasing the risk of signal distortion, according to the age of enrolled subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Saccà
- Neuroscience Research Center, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Alessia Sarica
- Neuroscience Research Center, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Andrea Quattrone
- Institute of Neurology, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Federico Rocca
- Institute of Bioimaging and Molecular Physiology (IBFM), National Research Council, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Aldo Quattrone
- Institute of Bioimaging and Molecular Physiology (IBFM), National Research Council, Catanzaro, Italy; Neuroscience Centre, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Fabiana Novellino
- Institute of Bioimaging and Molecular Physiology (IBFM), National Research Council, Catanzaro, Italy.
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Talyansky S, Brinkman BAW. Dysregulation of excitatory neural firing replicates physiological and functional changes in aging visual cortex. PLoS Comput Biol 2021; 17:e1008620. [PMID: 33497380 PMCID: PMC7864437 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The mammalian visual system has been the focus of countless experimental and theoretical studies designed to elucidate principles of neural computation and sensory coding. Most theoretical work has focused on networks intended to reflect developing or mature neural circuitry, in both health and disease. Few computational studies have attempted to model changes that occur in neural circuitry as an organism ages non-pathologically. In this work we contribute to closing this gap, studying how physiological changes correlated with advanced age impact the computational performance of a spiking network model of primary visual cortex (V1). Our results demonstrate that deterioration of homeostatic regulation of excitatory firing, coupled with long-term synaptic plasticity, is a sufficient mechanism to reproduce features of observed physiological and functional changes in neural activity data, specifically declines in inhibition and in selectivity to oriented stimuli. This suggests a potential causality between dysregulation of neuron firing and age-induced changes in brain physiology and functional performance. While this does not rule out deeper underlying causes or other mechanisms that could give rise to these changes, our approach opens new avenues for exploring these underlying mechanisms in greater depth and making predictions for future experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seth Talyansky
- Catlin Gabel School, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
| | - Braden A. W. Brinkman
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
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40
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Short-term nicotine deprivation alters dorsal anterior cingulate glutamate concentration and concomitant cingulate-cortical functional connectivity. Neuropsychopharmacology 2020; 45:1920-1930. [PMID: 32559759 PMCID: PMC7608204 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-020-0741-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Most cigarette smokers who wish to quit too often relapse within the first few days of abstinence, primarily due to the aversive aspects of the nicotine withdrawal syndrome (NWS), which remains poorly understood. Considerable research has suggested that the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) plays a key role in nicotine dependence, with its functional connections between other brain regions altered as a function of trait addiction and state withdrawal. The flow of information between dACC and fronto-striatal regions is secured through different pathways, the vast majority of which are glutamatergic. As such, we investigated dACC activity using resting state functional connectivity (rsFC) with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and glutamate (Glu) concentration with magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). We also investigated the changes in adenosine levels in plasma during withdrawal as a surrogate for brain adenosine, which plays a role in fine-tuning synaptic glutamate transmission. Using a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized crossover design, nontreatment seeking smoking participants (N = 30) completed two imaging sessions, one while nicotine sated and another after 36 h nicotine abstinence. We observed reduced dACC Glu (P = 0.029) along with a significant reduction in plasma adenosine (P = 0.03) and adenosine monophosphate (AMP; P < 0.0001) concentrations during nicotine withdrawal in comparison with nicotine sated state. This withdrawal state manipulation also led to an increase in rsFC strength (P < 0.05) between dACC and several frontal cortical regions, including left superior frontal gyrus (LSFG), and right middle frontal gyrus (RMFG). Moreover, the state-trait changes in dACC Glu and rsFC strength between the dACC and both SFG and MFG were positively correlated (P = 0.012, and P = 0.007, respectively). Finally, the change in circuit strength between dACC and LSFG was negatively correlated with the change in withdrawal symptom manifestations as measured by the Wisconsin Smoking Withdrawal Scale (P = 0.04) and Tobacco Craving Questionnaire (P = 0.014). These multimodal imaging-behavioral findings reveal the complex cascade of changes induced by acute nicotine deprivation and call for further investigation into the potential utility of adenosine- and glutamate-signaling as novel therapeutic targets to treat the NWS.
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41
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Cruz-Almeida Y, Porges E. Additional considerations for studying brain metabolite levels across pain conditions using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Neuroimage 2020; 224:117392. [PMID: 32971265 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Advances in proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) allow for the non-invasive examination of neuroinhibitory and neuroexcitatory processes in humans. In particular, these methods have been used to understand changes across chronic pain conditions. While a recent meta-analysis supports the idea that underlying brain metabolite levels may be unique to different pain conditions and may serve as biomarkers for specific pain conditions, the lack of consideration of differential brain aging processes across heterogenous pain conditions introduces a significant source of bias. Future studies need to address the interactions between pain and brain aging across different MRS metabolite measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yenisel Cruz-Almeida
- Pain Research & Intervention Center of Excellence, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Department of Community Dentistry & Behavioral Science, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, PO BOX 112610, Gainesville, FL 326010, Florida; Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Foundation, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.
| | - Eric Porges
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Foundation, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Department of Clinical & Health Psychology, College of Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
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Roalf DR, Sydnor VJ, Woods M, Wolk DA, Scott JC, Reddy R, Moberg PJ. A quantitative meta-analysis of brain glutamate metabolites in aging. Neurobiol Aging 2020; 95:240-249. [PMID: 32866885 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2020.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Glutamate (Glu) is a key molecule in cellular metabolism, the most abundant excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain, and the principal neurotransmitter of cortical efferents. Glutamate dysfunction, on the other hand, is common in neurodegenerative disorders, and likely contributes to age-related declines in behavioral and cognitive functioning. Nonetheless, the extant literature measuring age-related changes in brain glutamate in vivo has yet to be comprehensively and quantitatively summarized. This meta-analysis examines proton spectroscopy (1HMRS) measures of Glu-related brain metabolites across 589 healthy young and older adults. Glu (Cohen's d = -0.82) and Glu+glutamine (Cohen's d = -0.51) concentrations were significantly lower in older compared with younger adults, whereas the concentration of glutamine (d = 0.43) was significantly higher in older individuals. Notably, 1HMRS methodological choices impacted effect sizes for age-related Glu differences. Glu metabolite change appears to be a robust marker of aging-related neurological change; however, additional studies are needed to elucidate age-related trajectories of glutamatergic alterations and their relationship to cognitive phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R Roalf
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Valerie J Sydnor
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Madison Woods
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David A Wolk
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - J Cobb Scott
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA; VISN4 Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center at the Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ravinder Reddy
- Department of Radiology, Center for Magnetic Resonance and Optical Imaging, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Paul J Moberg
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Weerasekera A, Levin O, Clauwaert A, Heise KF, Hermans L, Peeters R, Mantini D, Cuypers K, Leunissen I, Himmelreich U, Swinnen SP. Neurometabolic Correlates of Reactive and Proactive Motor Inhibition in Young and Older Adults: Evidence from Multiple Regional 1H-MR Spectroscopy. Cereb Cortex Commun 2020; 1:tgaa028. [PMID: 34296102 PMCID: PMC8152832 DOI: 10.1093/texcom/tgaa028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Suboptimal inhibitory control is a major factor contributing to motor/cognitive deficits in older age and pathology. Here, we provide novel insights into the neurochemical biomarkers of inhibitory control in healthy young and older adults and highlight putative neurometabolic correlates of deficient inhibitory functions in normal aging. Age-related alterations in levels of glutamate–glutamine complex (Glx), N-acetylaspartate (NAA), choline (Cho), and myo-inositol (mIns) were assessed in the right inferior frontal gyrus (RIFG), pre-supplementary motor area (preSMA), bilateral sensorimotor cortex (SM1), bilateral striatum (STR), and occipital cortex (OCC) with proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS). Data were collected from 30 young (age range 18–34 years) and 29 older (age range 60–74 years) adults. Associations between age-related changes in the levels of these metabolites and performance measures or reactive/proactive inhibition were examined for each age group. Glx levels in the right striatum and preSMA were associated with more efficient proactive inhibition in young adults but were not predictive for reactive inhibition performance. Higher NAA/mIns ratios in the preSMA and RIFG and lower mIns levels in the OCC were associated with better deployment of proactive and reactive inhibition in older adults. Overall, these findings suggest that altered regional concentrations of NAA and mIns constitute potential biomarkers of suboptimal inhibitory control in aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akila Weerasekera
- Movement Control & Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, 3001, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Oron Levin
- Movement Control & Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, 3001, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Amanda Clauwaert
- Movement Control & Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, 3001, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Kirstin-Friederike Heise
- Movement Control & Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, 3001, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Lize Hermans
- Movement Control & Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, 3001, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Ronald Peeters
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dante Mantini
- Movement Control & Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, 3001, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Koen Cuypers
- Movement Control & Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, 3001, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Inge Leunissen
- Movement Control & Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, 3001, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Uwe Himmelreich
- Biomedical MRI Unit, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stephan P Swinnen
- Movement Control & Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, 3001, Heverlee, Belgium
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Colizzi M, Ruggeri M, Bhattacharyya S. Unraveling the Intoxicating and Therapeutic Effects of Cannabis Ingredients on Psychosis and Cognition. Front Psychol 2020; 11:833. [PMID: 32528345 PMCID: PMC7247841 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Research evidence suggests a dose–response relationship for the association between cannabis use and risk of psychosis. Such relationship seems to reflect an increased risk of psychosis not only as a function of frequent cannabis use, but also of high-potency cannabis use in terms of concentration of Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC), its main psychoactive component. This finding would be in line with the evidence that Δ9-THC administration induces transient psychosis-like symptoms in otherwise healthy individuals. Conversely, low-potency varieties would be less harmful because of their lower amount of Δ9-THC and potential compresence of another cannabinoid, cannabidiol (CBD), which seems to mitigate Δ9-THC detrimental effects. A growing body of studies begins to suggest that CBD may have not only protective effects against the psychotomimetic effects of Δ9-THC but even therapeutic properties on its own, opening new prospects for the treatment of psychosis. Despite being more limited, evidence of the effects of cannabis on cognition seems to come to similar conclusions, with increasing Δ9-THC exposure being responsible for the cognitive impairments attributed to recreational cannabis use while CBD preventing such effects and, when administered alone, enhancing cognition. Molecular evidence indicates that Δ9-THC and CBD may interact with cannabinoid receptors with almost opposite mechanisms, with Δ9-THC being a partial agonist and CBD an inverse agonist/antagonist. With the help of imaging techniques, pharmacological studies in vivo have been able to show opposite effects of Δ9-THC and CBD also on brain function. Altogether, they may account for the intoxicating and therapeutic effects of cannabis on psychosis and cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Colizzi
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.,Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mirella Ruggeri
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Sagnik Bhattacharyya
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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Sami M, Worker A, Colizzi M, Annibale L, Das D, Kelbrick M, Eranti S, Collier T, Onyejiaka C, O'Neill A, Lythgoe D, McGuire P, Williams SCR, Kempton MJ, Bhattacharyya S. Association of cannabis with glutamatergic levels in patients with early psychosis: Evidence for altered volume striatal glutamate relationships in patients with a history of cannabis use in early psychosis. Transl Psychiatry 2020; 10:111. [PMID: 32317625 PMCID: PMC7174331 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-020-0790-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The associative striatum, an established substrate in psychosis, receives widespread glutamatergic projections. We sought to see if glutamatergic indices are altered between early psychosis patients with and without a history of cannabis use and characterise the relationship to grey matter. 92 participants were scanned: Early Psychosis with a history of cannabis use (EPC = 29); Early Psychosis with minimal cannabis use (EPMC = 25); Controls with a history of cannabis use (HCC = 16) and Controls with minimal use (HCMC = 22). Whole brain T1 weighted MR images and localised proton MR spectra were acquired from head of caudate, anterior cingulate and hippocampus. We examined relationships in regions with known high cannabinoid 1 receptor (CB1R) expression (grey matter, cortex, hippocampus, amygdala) and low expression (white matter, ventricles, brainstem) to caudate Glutamine+Glutamate (Glx). Patients were well matched in symptoms, function and medication. There was no significant group difference in Glx in any region. In EPC grey matter volume explained 31.9% of the variance of caudate Glx (p = 0.003) and amygdala volume explained 36.9% (p = 0.001) of caudate Glx. There was no significant relationship in EPMC. The EPC vs EPMC interaction was significant (p = 0.042). There was no such relationship in control regions. These results are the first to demonstrate association of grey matter volume and striatal glutamate in the EPC group. This may suggest a history of cannabis use leads to a conformational change in distal CB1 rich grey matter regions to influence striatal glutamatergic levels or that such connectivity predisposes to heavy cannabis use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Musa Sami
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neurosciences, King's College London, London, UK.
- Institute of Mental Health, Nottingham University, Nottingham, UK.
| | - Amanda Worker
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neurosciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Marco Colizzi
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Luciano Annibale
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neurosciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Debasis Das
- Leicestershire Partnership NHS Trust, Thurmaston, UK
| | | | | | - Tracy Collier
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neurosciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Chidimma Onyejiaka
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neurosciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Aisling O'Neill
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neurosciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - David Lythgoe
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neurosciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Philip McGuire
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neurosciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Steve C R Williams
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neurosciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Matthew J Kempton
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neurosciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Sagnik Bhattacharyya
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neurosciences, King's College London, London, UK
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Conway ME. Alzheimer's disease: targeting the glutamatergic system. Biogerontology 2020; 21:257-274. [PMID: 32048098 PMCID: PMC7196085 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-020-09860-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a debilitating neurodegenerative disease that causes a progressive decline in memory, language and problem solving. For decades mechanism-based therapies have primarily focused on amyloid β (Aβ) processing and pathways that govern neurofibrillary tangle generation. With the potential exception to Aducanumab, a monotherapy to target Aβ, clinical trials in these areas have been challenging and have failed to demonstrate efficacy. Currently, the prescribed therapies for AD are those that target the cholinesterase and glutamatergic systems that can moderately reduce cognitive decline, dependent on the individual. In the brain, over 40% of neuronal synapses are glutamatergic, where the glutamate level is tightly regulated through metabolite exchange in neuronal, astrocytic and endothelial cells. In AD brain, Aβ can interrupt effective glutamate uptake by astrocytes, which evokes a cascade of events that leads to neuronal swelling, destruction of membrane integrity and ultimately cell death. Much work has focussed on the post-synaptic response with little insight into how glutamate is regulated more broadly in the brain and the influence of anaplerotic pathways that finely tune these mechanisms. The role of blood branched chain amino acids (BCAA) in regulating neurotransmitter profiles under disease conditions also warrant discussion. Here, we review the importance of the branched chain aminotransferase proteins in regulating brain glutamate and the potential consequence of dysregulated metabolism in the context of BCAA or glutamate accumulation. We explore how the reported benefits of BCAA supplementation or restriction in improving cognitive function in other neurological diseases may have potential application in AD. Given that memantine, the glutamate receptor agonist, shows clinical relevance it is now timely to research related pathways, an understanding of which could identify novel approaches to treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myra E Conway
- Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol, BS16 1QY, UK. .,Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of England, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol, BS16 1QY, UK.
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47
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Debnath A, Hariharan H, Nanga RPR, Reddy R, Singh A. Glutamate-Weighted CEST Contrast After Removal of Magnetization Transfer Effect in Human Brain and Rat Brain with Tumor. Mol Imaging Biol 2020; 22:1087-1101. [DOI: 10.1007/s11307-019-01465-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol increases striatal glutamate levels in healthy individuals: implications for psychosis. Mol Psychiatry 2020; 25:3231-3240. [PMID: 30770892 PMCID: PMC7714685 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-019-0374-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The neurobiological mechanisms underlying the association between cannabis use and acute or long-lasting psychosis are not completely understood. While some evidence suggests altered striatal dopamine may underlie the association, direct evidence that cannabis use affects either acute or chronic striatal dopamine is inconclusive. In contrast, pre-clinical research suggests that cannabis may affect dopamine via modulation of glutamate signaling. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover design was used to investigate whether altered striatal glutamate, as measured using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy, underlies the acute psychotomimetic effects of intravenously administered delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC; 1.19 mg/2 ml), the key psychoactive ingredient in cannabis, in a set of 16 healthy participants (7 males) with modest previous cannabis exposure. Compared to placebo, acute administration of Δ9-THC significantly increased Glutamate (Glu) + Glutamine (Gln) metabolites (Glx) in the left caudate head (P = 0.027). Furthermore, compared to individuals who were not sensitive to the psychotomimetic effects of Δ9-THC, individuals who developed transient psychotic-like symptoms (~70% of the sample) had significantly lower baseline Glx (placebo; P 7= 0.023) and a 2.27-times higher increase following Δ9-THC administration. Lower baseline Glx values (r = -0.55; P = 0.026) and higher previous cannabis exposure (r = 0.52; P = 0.040) were associated with a higher Δ9-THC-induced Glx increase. These results suggest that an increase in striatal glutamate levels may underlie acute cannabis-induced psychosis while lower baseline levels may be a marker of greater sensitivity to its acute psychotomimetic effects and may have important public health implications.
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Hollinger KR, Smith MD, Kirby LA, Prchalova E, Alt J, Rais R, Calabresi PA, Slusher BS. Glutamine antagonism attenuates physical and cognitive deficits in a model of MS. NEUROLOGY(R) NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION 2019; 6:e609. [PMID: 31467038 PMCID: PMC6745721 DOI: 10.1212/nxi.0000000000000609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To measure the impact of JHU-083, a novel prodrug of the glutamine antagonist 6-diazo-5-oxo-l-norleucine, on immune cell proliferation and activation, along with physical and cognitive impairments associated with the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mouse model of MS. METHODS Splenic-derived T cells and bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DCs) were cultured, activated, and treated daily with vehicle or JHU-083. Proliferation and activation were measured via flow cytometry and IncuCyte live cell analysis. C57BL/6 mice were immunized for EAE. Vehicle or JHU-083 was administered orally every other day either from the time of immunization in the prevention paradigm or from the time of disease onset in the treatment paradigm. Disease scores and body weight were monitored. In the treatment paradigm, cognition was evaluated using the Barnes maze test. RESULTS JHU-083 selectively inhibits T-cell proliferation and decreases T-cell activation, with no effect on DCs. In vivo, orally administered JHU-083 significantly decreases EAE severity in both prevention and treatment paradigms and reverses EAE-induced cognitive impairment. CONCLUSIONS JHU-083, a well-tolerated, brain penetrable glutamine antagonist, is a promising novel treatment for both the physical and cognitive deficits of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen R Hollinger
- From the Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery (K.R.H., E.P., J.A., R.R., B.S.S.), Johns Hopkins University; and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (K.R.H., B.S.S.), Department of Neurology (K.R.H., M.D.S., L.A.K., E.P., R.R., P.A.C., B.S.S.), Department of Neuroscience (B.S.S.), Department of Medicine (B.S.S.), Department of Oncology (B.S.S.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Matthew D Smith
- From the Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery (K.R.H., E.P., J.A., R.R., B.S.S.), Johns Hopkins University; and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (K.R.H., B.S.S.), Department of Neurology (K.R.H., M.D.S., L.A.K., E.P., R.R., P.A.C., B.S.S.), Department of Neuroscience (B.S.S.), Department of Medicine (B.S.S.), Department of Oncology (B.S.S.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Leslie A Kirby
- From the Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery (K.R.H., E.P., J.A., R.R., B.S.S.), Johns Hopkins University; and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (K.R.H., B.S.S.), Department of Neurology (K.R.H., M.D.S., L.A.K., E.P., R.R., P.A.C., B.S.S.), Department of Neuroscience (B.S.S.), Department of Medicine (B.S.S.), Department of Oncology (B.S.S.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Eva Prchalova
- From the Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery (K.R.H., E.P., J.A., R.R., B.S.S.), Johns Hopkins University; and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (K.R.H., B.S.S.), Department of Neurology (K.R.H., M.D.S., L.A.K., E.P., R.R., P.A.C., B.S.S.), Department of Neuroscience (B.S.S.), Department of Medicine (B.S.S.), Department of Oncology (B.S.S.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Jesse Alt
- From the Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery (K.R.H., E.P., J.A., R.R., B.S.S.), Johns Hopkins University; and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (K.R.H., B.S.S.), Department of Neurology (K.R.H., M.D.S., L.A.K., E.P., R.R., P.A.C., B.S.S.), Department of Neuroscience (B.S.S.), Department of Medicine (B.S.S.), Department of Oncology (B.S.S.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Rana Rais
- From the Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery (K.R.H., E.P., J.A., R.R., B.S.S.), Johns Hopkins University; and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (K.R.H., B.S.S.), Department of Neurology (K.R.H., M.D.S., L.A.K., E.P., R.R., P.A.C., B.S.S.), Department of Neuroscience (B.S.S.), Department of Medicine (B.S.S.), Department of Oncology (B.S.S.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Peter A Calabresi
- From the Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery (K.R.H., E.P., J.A., R.R., B.S.S.), Johns Hopkins University; and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (K.R.H., B.S.S.), Department of Neurology (K.R.H., M.D.S., L.A.K., E.P., R.R., P.A.C., B.S.S.), Department of Neuroscience (B.S.S.), Department of Medicine (B.S.S.), Department of Oncology (B.S.S.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.
| | - Barbara S Slusher
- From the Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery (K.R.H., E.P., J.A., R.R., B.S.S.), Johns Hopkins University; and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (K.R.H., B.S.S.), Department of Neurology (K.R.H., M.D.S., L.A.K., E.P., R.R., P.A.C., B.S.S.), Department of Neuroscience (B.S.S.), Department of Medicine (B.S.S.), Department of Oncology (B.S.S.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.
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50
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Endres D, Tebartz van Elst L, Maier SJ, Feige B, Goll P, Meyer SA, Matthies S, Domschke K, Lange T, Sobanski E, Philipsen A, Nickel K, Perlov E. Neurochemical sex differences in adult ADHD patients: an MRS study. Biol Sex Differ 2019; 10:50. [PMID: 31665071 PMCID: PMC6821019 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-019-0264-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder. Relevant sex differences in symptomatology are discussed. This study compared brain neurometabolism in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and left cerebellar hemisphere in age- and IQ-matched adult male (mADHD) and female (fADHD) ADHD patients. METHODS We studied 48 (ACC) and 42 (cerebellum) male/female pairs of stimulant-free patients with adult ADHD. Single voxel magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) was used to investigate creatine (Cre), total choline (t-Cho), glutamate + glutamine (Glx), N-acetylaspartate, and myo-inositol. The mADHD and fADHD groups were compared using robust linear regression. The level of significance was corrected for multiple tests using the Benjamini-Hochberg approach. RESULTS For the ACC, the signals of Cre (p = 0.008) and t-Cho (p = 0.004) showed significant effects of the age covariate as well as an interaction of sex and age (Cre: p = 0.033; t-Cho: p = 0.040). For the Glx signal, an interaction of sex and age could also be observed (p = 0.033). For cerebellar neurometabolites, the signals of t-Cho (p = 0.049) and Glx (p = 0.049) showed significant effects of the factor sex. CONCLUSION This is the largest study yet to analyze sex differences in brain neurochemistry in adult patients with ADHD. Different age-dependent t-Cho signals in the ACC might be associated with delayed myelinization in mADHD. Further MRS studies in adult ADHD, accounting for possible sex effects, are warranted to validate the present findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique Endres
- Section for Experimental Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ludger Tebartz van Elst
- Section for Experimental Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Simon J. Maier
- Section for Experimental Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bernd Feige
- Section for Experimental Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Peter Goll
- Section for Experimental Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Simon A. Meyer
- Section for Experimental Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Swantje Matthies
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Domschke
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Lange
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Esther Sobanski
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Clinical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Alexandra Philipsen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Kathrin Nickel
- Section for Experimental Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Evgeniy Perlov
- Section for Experimental Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Clinic for Psychiatry Luzern, St. Urban, Switzerland
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