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Fang Z, Wang C, Zhu J, Gou Y. Iron overload promotes hemochromatosis-associated osteoarthritis via the mTORC1-p70S6K/4E-BP1 pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 131:111848. [PMID: 38479156 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Joint iron overload in hemochromatosis induces M1 polarization in synovial macrophages, releasing pro-inflammatory factors and leading to osteoarthritis development. However, the mechanism by which iron overload regulates M1 polarization remains unclear. This study aims to elucidate the mechanism by which synovial iron overload promotes macrophage M1 polarization. METHODS In vitro, RAW264.7 macrophages were treated with iron and divided into five groups based on the concentration of the iron chelator, desferrioxamine (DFO): Ctrl, Fe, DFO1, DFO2, and DFO3. In vivo, rats were categorized into five groups based on iron overload and intra-articular DFO injection: A-Ctrl, A-Fe, A-DFO1, A-DFO2, and A-DFO3. Osteoarthritis was induced by transecting the left knee anterior cruciate ligament. Macrophage morphology was observed; Prussian Blue staining quantified iron deposition in macrophages, synovium, and liver; serum iron concentration was measured using the ferrozine method; cartilage damage was assessed using H&E and Safranin O-Fast Green staining; qPCR detected iNOS and Arg-1 expression; Western Blot analyzed the protein expression of iNOS, Arg-1, 4E-BP1, phosphorylated 4E-BP1, p70S6K, and phosphorylated p70S6K; ELISA measured TNF-α and IL-6 concentrations in supernatants; and immunohistochemistry examined the protein expression of F4/80, iNOS, Arg-1, 4E-BP1, phosphorylated 4E-BP1, p70S6K, and phosphorylated p70S6K in the synovium. RESULTS In vitro, iron-treated macrophages exhibited Prussian Blue staining indicative of iron overload and morphological changes towards M1 polarization. qPCR and Western Blot revealed increased expression of the M1 polarization markers iNOS and its protein. ELISA showed elevated TNF-α and IL-6 levels in supernatants. In vivo, ferrozine assay indicated significantly increased serum iron concentrations in all groups except A-Ctrl; Prussian Blue staining showed increased liver iron deposition in all groups except A-Ctrl. Iron deposition in rat synovium decreased in a DFO concentration-dependent manner; immunohistochemistry showed a corresponding decrease in iNOS and phosphorylated 4E-BP1 expression, and an increase in Arg-1 expression. CONCLUSION Intracellular iron overload may exacerbate joint cartilage damage by promoting synovial macrophage M1 polarization through phosphorylation of 4E-BP1 in the mTORC1-p70S6K/4E-BP1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Fang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830000, China.
| | - Chengwei Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830000, China.
| | - Jiang Zhu
- General Surgery department, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Clinical Medicine Institute, First Teaching Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, China.
| | - Yangyang Gou
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830000, China.
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Habibzadeh F. On the feasibility of malaria hypothesis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5800. [PMID: 38461305 PMCID: PMC10924941 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56515-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024] Open
Abstract
In 1954, Allison proposed that hemoglobin S (HbS) gene causes protection against fatal malaria. This would explain the high HbS gene frequency observed in certain regions hyperendemic for malaria, so-called "malaria hypothesis". This in silico study was conducted to examine the feasibility of the hypothesis under more realistic initial conditions, where a mutant gene with heterozygous advantage against malaria (e.g., HbS) was introduced in a group of Neolithic hunter-gatherers who decided to start agriculture nearby water where malaria killed a proportion of population. The tribe population size, number of children born to each woman in each generation, mortality from malaria and sickle cell disease, the protection factor provided by the gene carriers against malaria, the probability of mating between the members of the parent and offspring populations, population growth, and increased fertility in women heterozygous for HbS, were also considered. For effectively confer protection against malaria within the shortest possible period, the mutation needs to be happened in a small population. For a large population, the process would take around 100 generations (~ 2500 years) or more to provide an effective protection. Even then, the probability that the new gene could survive and propagate to future generations is about 35%. Conventional population genetics equations with differential or difference equations, give totally incorrect estimates of the gene frequency in small populations; discrete mathematics should be used, instead. After introduction of the advantageous mutation, the gene frequency increased until a steady state value. This value is far less than the gene frequency reported in certain tribes of Africa. It seems that the malaria hypothesis, per se, could not explain such a high observed gene frequency, unless HbS is associated with lower mortality from other causes too.
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Noble RMN, Holody CD, Woodman AG, Nie C, Liu SN, Young D, Wiedemeyer A, Soni S, Dyck JRB, Graf D, Eckersley LG, Dufour A, Bourque SL. Perinatal iron restriction is associated with changes in neonatal cardiac function and structure in a sex-dependent manner. Clin Sci (Lond) 2023; 137:1115-1130. [PMID: 37463130 DOI: 10.1042/cs20230594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Iron deficiency (ID) is common during gestation and in early infancy and can alter developmental trajectories with lasting consequences on cardiovascular health. While the effects of ID and anemia on the mature heart are well documented, comparatively little is known about their effects and mechanisms on offspring cardiac development and function in the neonatal period. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were fed an iron-restricted or iron-replete diet before and during pregnancy. Cardiac function was assessed in a cohort of offspring on postnatal days (PD) 4, 14, and 28 by echocardiography; a separate cohort was euthanized for tissue collection and hearts underwent quantitative shotgun proteomic analysis. ID reduced body weight and increased relative heart weights at all time points assessed, despite recovering from anemia by PD28. Echocardiographic studies revealed unique functional impairments in ID male and female offspring, characterized by greater systolic dysfunction in the former and greater diastolic dysfunction in the latter. Proteomic analysis revealed down-regulation of structural components by ID, as well as enriched cellular responses to stress; in general, these effects were more pronounced in males. ID causes functional changes in the neonatal heart, which may reflect an inadequate or maladaptive compensation to anemia. This identifies systolic and diastolic dysfunction as comorbidities to perinatal ID anemia which may have important implications for both the short- and long-term cardiac health of newborn babies. Furthermore, therapies which improve cardiac output may mitigate the effects of ID on organ development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronan M N Noble
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
- Women and Children's Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Claudia D Holody
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
- Women and Children's Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Andrew G Woodman
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Chunpeng Nie
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
- Women and Children's Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Si Ning Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
- Women and Children's Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Daniel Young
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Alyssa Wiedemeyer
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
- Women and Children's Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Shubham Soni
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
- Women and Children's Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Jason R B Dyck
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
- Women and Children's Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Daniel Graf
- School of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Luke G Eckersley
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
- Women and Children's Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Antoine Dufour
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Stephane L Bourque
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
- Women and Children's Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
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Vaill M, Kawanishi K, Varki N, Gagneux P, Varki A. Comparative physiological anthropogeny: exploring molecular underpinnings of distinctly human phenotypes. Physiol Rev 2023; 103:2171-2229. [PMID: 36603157 PMCID: PMC10151058 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00040.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Anthropogeny is a classic term encompassing transdisciplinary investigations of the origins of the human species. Comparative anthropogeny is a systematic comparison of humans and other living nonhuman hominids (so-called "great apes"), aiming to identify distinctly human features in health and disease, with the overall goal of explaining human origins. We begin with a historical perspective, briefly describing how the field progressed from the earliest evolutionary insights to the current emphasis on in-depth molecular and genomic investigations of "human-specific" biology and an increased appreciation for cultural impacts on human biology. While many such genetic differences between humans and other hominids have been revealed over the last two decades, this information remains insufficient to explain the most distinctive phenotypic traits distinguishing humans from other living hominids. Here we undertake a complementary approach of "comparative physiological anthropogeny," along the lines of the preclinical medical curriculum, i.e., beginning with anatomy and considering each physiological system and in each case considering genetic and molecular components that are relevant. What is ultimately needed is a systematic comparative approach at all levels from molecular to physiological to sociocultural, building networks of related information, drawing inferences, and generating testable hypotheses. The concluding section will touch on distinctive considerations in the study of human evolution, including the importance of gene-culture interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Vaill
- Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Kunio Kawanishi
- Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Nissi Varki
- Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Pascal Gagneux
- Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Ajit Varki
- Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
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Kunasegaran T, Balasubramaniam VRMT, Arasoo VJT, Palanisamy UD, Ramadas A. Diet Gut Microbiota Axis in Pregnancy: A Systematic Review of Recent Evidence. Curr Nutr Rep 2023; 12:203-214. [PMID: 36810808 PMCID: PMC9974723 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-023-00453-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Although gut microbiota have been associated with the etiology of some diseases, the influence of foods on gut microbiota, especially among pregnant women, remains unclear. Hence, a systematic review was performed to investigate the association between diet and gut microbiota and their influence on metabolic health in pregnant women. RECENT FINDINGS We performed the systematic review using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 protocol to investigate the association between diet and gut microbiota and their influence on metabolic role in pregnant women. Five databases were searched for relevant peer-reviewed articles published in English since 2011. Two-staged screening of 659 retrieved records resulted in the inclusion of 10 studies. The collated findings suggested associations between nutrient intakes and four key microbes: Collinsella, Lachnospira, Sutterella, Faecalibacterium, and the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio in pregnant women. Dietary intakes in pregnancy were found to modify the gut microbiota and positively influence the cell metabolism in pregnant women. This review, however, emphasizes the importance of conducting well-designed prospective cohorts to investigate the role of changes in dietary intakes within the pregnancy and the influence of such changes on gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thubasni Kunasegaran
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | | | | | - Uma Devi Palanisamy
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - Amutha Ramadas
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
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Abstract
High iron is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and affects most of its cardinal features: decreased insulin secretion, insulin resistance, and increased hepatic gluconeogenesis. This is true across the normal range of tissue iron levels and in pathologic iron overload. Because of iron's central role in metabolic processes (e.g., fuel oxidation) and metabolic regulation (e.g., hypoxia sensing), iron levels participate in determining metabolic rates, gluconeogenesis, fuel choice, insulin action, and adipocyte phenotype. The risk of diabetes related to iron is evident in most or all tissues that determine diabetes phenotypes, with the adipocyte, beta cell, and liver playing central roles. Molecular mechanisms for these effects are diverse, although there may be integrative pathways at play. Elucidating these pathways has implications not only for diabetes prevention and treatment, but also for the pathogenesis of other diseases that are, like T2DM, associated with aging, nutrition, and iron.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandria V Harrison
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA;
| | - Felipe Ramos Lorenzo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA;
- Department of Veterans Affairs, W.G. (Bill) Hefner Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salisbury, North Carolina, USA
| | - Donald A McClain
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA;
- Department of Veterans Affairs, W.G. (Bill) Hefner Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salisbury, North Carolina, USA
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7
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Ma X, Yu J, Wei L, Zhao Q, Ren L, Hu Z. Electrochemical sensor based on N-CQDs/AgNPs/β-CD nanomaterials: Application to simultaneous selective determination of Fe(Ⅱ) and Fe(Ⅲ) irons released from iron supplement in simulated gastric fluid. Talanta 2023; 253:123959. [PMID: 36208556 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Simultaneous selective determination of Fe (Ⅱ) and Fe (Ⅲ) is of great significance to the study of iron ion tracking and release of iron supplement in gastric fluid. In this paper, a composite material (N-CQDs/AgNPs/β-CD) was prepared by a one-pot method. The various characterizations confirmed the silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) grew in situ on the surface of nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots (N-CQDs), and the β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and AgNPs linked together by Ag-O bonds finally presented gourd-like nanoparticles on the surface of N-CQDs. Then, N-CQDs/AgNPs/β-CD modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was applied to detect Fe(II) and Fe(III) simultaneously. The cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) results confirmed that N-CQDs/AgNPs/β-CD enhanced electrode performances because of the synergistic effect between N-CQDs, AgNPs and β-CD. The sensor was successfully applied for the determination by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) of Fe(II) and Fe(III) released from four iron supplementations in simulated gastric fluid (SGF).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Ma
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051, China.
| | - Jiayi Yu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051, China
| | - Lin Wei
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051, China
| | - Liyong Ren
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051, China
| | - Zhiyong Hu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051, China
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8
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Qiu F, Wu L, Yang G, Zhang C, Liu X, Sun X, Chen X, Wang N. The role of iron metabolism in chronic diseases related to obesity. Mol Med 2022; 28:130. [PMID: 36335331 PMCID: PMC9636637 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-022-00558-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is one of the major public health problems threatening the world, as well as a potential risk factor for chronic metabolic diseases. There is growing evidence that iron metabolism is altered in obese people, however, the highly refined regulation of iron metabolism in obesity and obesity-related complications is still being investigated. Iron accumulation can affect the body’s sensitivity to insulin, Type 2 diabetes, liver disease and cardiovascular disease. This review summarized the changes and potential mechanisms of iron metabolism in several chronic diseases related to obesity, providing new clues for future research.
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Preparation, characterization and antioxidant activity of a novel polysaccharide-iron (III) from Flammulina velutipes scraps. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.104190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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10
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Synthesis, characterization and antioxidant activity of a new polysaccharide-iron (III) from Vaccinium bracteatum thunb leaves. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-022-01483-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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11
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Microalgae as Feed Ingredients and a Potential Source of Competitive Advantage in Livestock Production: A review. Livest Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2022.104907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Jia Y, Li N, Wang Q, Zhou J, Liu J, Zhang M, He C, Chen H. Effect of Fe (III), Zn (II), and Cr (III) complexation on the physicochemical properties and bioactivities of corn silk polysaccharide. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 189:847-856. [PMID: 34464643 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.08.191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, Fe (III), Zn (II), and Cr (III) were used to complex with corn silk polysaccharide (CSP) by classical methods and CSP-Fe, CSP-Zn, and CSP-Cr were successfully synthesized, respectively. The physicochemical properties and structural features were characterized by chemical composition analysis, inductive coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), respectively. The antioxidant activities and inhibitory effects on α-glucosidase of CSP, CSP-Fe, CSP-Zn, and CSP-Cr were compared. The results showed that the Fe (III), Zn (II), and Cr (III) chelation could change the morphology, conformation, thermostability, and biological activities of CSP. CSP-Zn exhibited higher antioxidant activities and inhibition effects on α-glucosidase than CSP, which suggested that it could be considered as a potential candidate for developing an ingredient of functional foods for antidiabetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Jia
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Nannan Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Qirou Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Jingna Zhou
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Junyu Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Min Zhang
- Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Chengwei He
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR 999078, PR China
| | - Haixia Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China.
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Mohammed O, Dyab N, Kheadr E, Dabour N. Effectiveness of inulin-type on the iron bioavailability in anemic female rats fed bio-yogurt. RSC Adv 2021; 11:1928-1938. [PMID: 35424181 PMCID: PMC8693641 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra08873k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well-documented that iron deficiency leads to anemia, which is the utmost critical problem of nutrition worldwide. Inulin, indigestible polysaccharides, or prebiotic agents may act as vehicles to enhance the iron bioavailability through the formation of the polysaccharide-iron complex. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the therapeutic effects of yogurt fortified with iron and supplemented by long- or short-chain inulin on the growth status, blood parameters, antioxidant capacity, and liver function enzymes in anemic rats. Five animal groups were assigned as the control (G1), which were fed a standard diet and there were four anemic groups, in which haemolytic anemia was induced by phenylhydrazine. The anemic rats were divided into 4 groups according to the regime of feeding as G2: control anemic group fed low-iron diet while the remaining anemic groups were fed yogurt fortified with Fe2(SO4)3 without inulin (G3) or with either long- (G4) or short-chain (G5) inulin. The results showed that the animals subjected to treatment G4 had the highest (P ≤ 0.05) weight gain and organ coefficient compared with other anemic groups (G2, G3, and G5). Among the anemic groups, the animals that belonged to G4 showed a significant restorative effect by returning the hemoglobin and hematocrit levels and the red blood cell count to the normal control liver. Also, the liver iron content, enzymatic activities, and antioxidant capacities improved in the animals subjected to G4 and G5 treatment groups. The histological structures of the liver tissues of the animals that belonged to G4 and G5 were extremely close to that of the normal control liver. Long-chain inulin-containing yogurt exhibited the best effects in terms of iron supplementation, bioavailability, and antioxidant activities. This formula might be a potential new iron supplement and a good functional food candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama Mohammed
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Noha Dyab
- Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals Laboratory (FFNL), Department of Dairy Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Alexandria 21545 Alexandria Egypt +20-35922780 +20-35921960 +20-35921862 +20-35915427
| | - Ehab Kheadr
- Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals Laboratory (FFNL), Department of Dairy Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Alexandria 21545 Alexandria Egypt +20-35922780 +20-35921960 +20-35921862 +20-35915427
| | - Nassra Dabour
- Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals Laboratory (FFNL), Department of Dairy Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Alexandria 21545 Alexandria Egypt +20-35922780 +20-35921960 +20-35921862 +20-35915427
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Menshawey R, Menshawey E, Alserr AHK, Abdelmassih AF. Low iron mitigates viral survival: insights from evolution, genetics, and pandemics-a review of current hypothesis. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HUMAN GENETICS 2020; 21:75. [PMID: 38624521 PMCID: PMC7738201 DOI: 10.1186/s43042-020-00114-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Upon re-examination of our human history, evolutionary perspectives, and genetics, a prevailing iron deficiency phenotype appears to have evolved to protect the human race from extinction. Body In this review, we summarize the evolutionary and genetic perspectives pointing towards the hypothesis that low iron mitigates infection. The presence of infection promotes the generation of resistance alleles, and there are some evolutionary and genetic clues that suggest the presence of an iron deficiency phenotype that may have developed to protect against infection. Examples include the relative paucity of iron overload genes given the essential role of iron, as well as the persistence of iron deficiency among populations in spite of public health efforts to treat it. Additional examination of geographic areas with severe iron deficiency in the setting of pandemics including H1N1, SARS, and COVID-19 reveals that areas with higher prevalence of iron deficiency are less affected. RNA viruses have several evolutionary adaptations which suggest their absolute need for iron, and this dependency may be exploited during treatment. Conclusion RNA viruses pose a unique challenge to modern healthcare, with an average of 2-3 new pathogens being discovered yearly. Their overarching requirements for iron, along with human evolutionary and genetic adaptations which favored an iron deficiency phenotype, ultimately suggest the potential need for iron control in these infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahma Menshawey
- Faculty of Medicine, Kasr al Ainy, Cairo University, Geziret Elroda, Manial, Cairo, 11562 Egypt
| | - Esraa Menshawey
- Faculty of Medicine, Kasr al Ainy, Cairo University, Geziret Elroda, Manial, Cairo, 11562 Egypt
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Wang L, Wang L, Su C, Wen C, Gong Y, You Y, Zhao J, Han Y, Song S, Xiao H. Characterization and digestion features of a novel polysaccharide-Fe(III) complex as an iron supplement. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 249:116812. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Estimation of Iron Content and Its Contribution in Iron-Fortified Food Products Consumed by School Children in Sri Lanka. J FOOD QUALITY 2020. [DOI: 10.1155/2020/6079379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron fortification is an effective strategy that can be implemented to ensure supply and intake of iron for the public at large. Even though iron-fortified foods are widely available in the Sri Lankan market, the quantification of iron in those foods is not under the regulations of the food authorities in Sri Lanka. Therefore, this study aims to quantify the concentration of iron in selected iron-fortified foods available in the local market and determine their contribution to the recommended daily allowances (RDA) per serving. The iron content in most popular powdered milk, biscuits, and breakfast cereals among the children of 15-16 years in Horana Divisional Secretariat was analyzed using atomic absorption spectroscopy, and its contribution to RDA was calculated. The average iron values of iron-fortified milk powder (IFMP), iron-fortified biscuit (IFB), and iron-fortified breakfast cereals (IFBC) were found to be 18.08 ± 9.53, 7.88 ± 0.07, and 17.78 ± 7.47 mg/100 g, respectively. The average estimated daily intake (EDI) per serving of IFMP, IFB, and IFBC was 3.61 ± 1.75, 2.13 ± 0.06, and 5.60 ± 1.45 mg, respectively. The highest contribution to the RDA can be obtained by a single serving of IFBC. Only less than half of the tested products have compatible iron levels with their labeled information. Iron-fortified foods which were studied have a high amount of iron, and they can make from 5% to 35% contribution to RDAs in young children, adolescents, and adults even by a single serving.
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Wellawa DH, Allan B, White AP, Köster W. Iron-Uptake Systems of Chicken-Associated Salmonella Serovars and Their Role in Colonizing the Avian Host. Microorganisms 2020; 8:E1203. [PMID: 32784620 PMCID: PMC7465098 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8081203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron is an essential micronutrient for most bacteria. Salmonella enterica strains, representing human and animal pathogens, have adopted several mechanisms to sequester iron from the environment depending on availability and source. Chickens act as a major reservoir for Salmonella enterica strains which can lead to outbreaks of human salmonellosis. In this review article we summarize the current understanding of the contribution of iron-uptake systems to the virulence of non-typhoidal S. enterica strains in colonizing chickens. We aim to address the gap in knowledge in this field, to help understand and define the interactions between S. enterica and these important hosts, in comparison to mammalian models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh H. Wellawa
- Vaccine & Infectious Disease Organization-International Vaccine Centre, University of Saskatchewan, 120 Veterinary Rd., Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada; (D.H.W.); (B.A.); (A.P.W.)
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada
| | - Brenda Allan
- Vaccine & Infectious Disease Organization-International Vaccine Centre, University of Saskatchewan, 120 Veterinary Rd., Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada; (D.H.W.); (B.A.); (A.P.W.)
| | - Aaron P. White
- Vaccine & Infectious Disease Organization-International Vaccine Centre, University of Saskatchewan, 120 Veterinary Rd., Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada; (D.H.W.); (B.A.); (A.P.W.)
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada
| | - Wolfgang Köster
- Vaccine & Infectious Disease Organization-International Vaccine Centre, University of Saskatchewan, 120 Veterinary Rd., Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada; (D.H.W.); (B.A.); (A.P.W.)
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada
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18
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Rametta R, Meroni M, Dongiovanni P. From Environment to Genome and Back: A Lesson from HFE Mutations. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21103505. [PMID: 32429125 PMCID: PMC7279025 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The environment and the human genome are closely entangled and many genetic variations that occur in human populations are the result of adaptive selection to ancestral environmental (mainly dietary) conditions. However, the selected mutations may become maladaptive when environmental conditions change, thus becoming candidates for diseases. Hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) is a potentially lethal disease leading to iron accumulation mostly due to mutations in the HFE gene. Indeed, homozygosity for the C282Y HFE mutation is associated with the primary iron overload phenotype. However, both penetrance of the C282Y variant and the clinical manifestation of the disease are extremely variable, suggesting that other genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors play a role in the development of HH, as well as, and in its progression to end-stage liver diseases. Alcohol consumption and dietary habits may impact on the phenotypic expression of HFE-related hemochromatosis. Indeed, dietary components and bioactive molecules can affect iron status both directly by modulating its absorption during digestion and indirectly by the epigenetic modification of genes involved in its uptake, storage and recycling. Thus, the premise of this review is to discuss how environmental pressures led to the selection of HFE mutations and whether nutritional and lifestyle interventions may exert beneficial effects on HH outcomes and comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaela Rametta
- General Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Pad. Granelli, via F Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy; (R.R.); (M.M.)
| | - Marica Meroni
- General Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Pad. Granelli, via F Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy; (R.R.); (M.M.)
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Dongiovanni
- General Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Pad. Granelli, via F Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy; (R.R.); (M.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-02-5503-3467; Fax: +39-02-5503-4229
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Yao X, Yao X, Xu K, Wu K, Jiang F, Nishinari K, Phillips GO. Iron encapsulated microstructured gel beads using an emulsification-gelation technique for an alginate-caseinate matrix. Food Funct 2020; 11:3811-3822. [PMID: 32329495 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo02184a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Iron-deficiency anemia is an important health problem in global public issues, and development of iron fortifiers in diets is essential for the decrease of iron deficiency. However, there are problems for iron fortification in food because the common bioavailable iron compounds would contribute to iron-promoted lipid oxidation and unpleasant iron odor, presenting an adverse food quality. Ferrous fumarate loaded microstructured gel beads were prepared by an emulsification-gelation method using an alginate-caseinate matrix, and the gel network was formed by crosslinking of Ca2+ or Fe2+. Internal gelated beads showed relatively symmetrical and homogeneous spheres with no adhesion due to the simultaneous release of Fe2+ to initiate gelation in situ. External gelated beads displayed an irregular and adhesive structure, probably because the random contact between Na-ALG and Ca2+ occurred on the droplet surface, and the immediately gelated hardening layer provided a delay for further Ca2+ diffusion. The gel beads exhibited a lag phase in the promotion of lipid oxidation of the emulsion and restrained the iron odor release from ferrous fumarate. Ferrous ion release from microstructured gel beads in the simulated gastric juice was obviously delayed before a more progressive high release in the simulated intestinal juice, beneficial for iron absorption in the duodenum. The iron encapsulated microstructured gel beads might be developed as a promising safe iron fortifier by relieving lipid oxidation and iron odor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Yao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China.
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20
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Gonçalves JL, Silva MCA, Roma EH, Grinsztejn B, de Lemos ADS, Gorni N, Cruz AM, de Almeida CF, Quintana MDSB, Bonecini-Almeida MDG, de Brito PD. Iron intake is positively associated with viral load in antiretroviral naïve Brazilian men living with HIV. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2020; 114:e190350. [PMID: 32022169 PMCID: PMC6996494 DOI: 10.1590/0074-02760190350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Iron homeostasis contribute for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) pathogenesis. OBJECTIVES We assessed the iron intake pattern in antiretroviral naïve Brazilian men living with HIV correlating with clinical and nutritional parameters. METHODS The iron consumption mean was estimated according to a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), and a 3-day food record (3dFR) submitted to the patients. HIV viral load, CD4+ T cell counts, serum iron, haematological and anthropometrics parameters were recorded. FINDINGS Fifty-one HIV-infected adult men naïve for antiretroviral therapy (ART) were enrolled. The mean age of participants was 35 (SEM ± 1.28) years old, with mean time of HIV-1 infection of 1.78 (0-16.36, min-max) years. Majority (41.18%) had complete secondary, and 21.57% had tertiary educational level. The income was around 1x (54.90%) to 2x (41.18%) minimum wage. Fifty-four percent showed normal weight, while 40% were overweight. The patients showed normal mean values of haematological parameters, and mean serum iron was 14.40 µM (SEM ± 0.83). The FFQ showed moderate correlation with the 3dFR (ρ = 0.5436, p = 0.0009), and the mean values of iron intake were 10.55(± 0.92) mg/day, recorded by FFQ, and 15.75(± 1.51) mg/day, recorded by 3dFR. The iron intake, recorded by FFQ, negatively correlated with serum iron (ρ = -0.3448, p = 0.0132), and did not have influence in the CD4+ T cell counts [e.B 0.99 (0.97-1.01, 95% confidence interval (CI), p = 0.2]. However, the iron intake showed a positive effect in HIV viral load [e.B 1.12 (1.02-1.25, 95%CI), p < 0.01]. MAIN CONCLUSIONS This study draws attention for the importance of iron intake nutritional counseling in people living with HIV. However, more studies are required to clarify the association between high iron intake and HIV infection and outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Lauar Gonçalves
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Serviço de Nutrição, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Maria Clara Amorim Silva
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Serviço de Nutrição, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Laboratório de Imunologia e Imunogenética em Doenças Infecciosas, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Eric Henrique Roma
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Laboratório de Imunologia e Imunogenética em Doenças Infecciosas, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Beatriz Grinsztejn
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica em DST e AIDS, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Alberto dos Santos de Lemos
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Centro Hospitalar, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Nathalia Gorni
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Serviço de Nutrição, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Adele Moura Cruz
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Serviço de Nutrição, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Cristiane Fonseca de Almeida
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Serviço de Nutrição, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Marcel de Souza Borges Quintana
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Plataforma de Pesquisa Clínica, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Maria da Gloria Bonecini-Almeida
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Laboratório de Imunologia e Imunogenética em Doenças Infecciosas, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Patrícia Dias de Brito
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Serviço de Nutrição, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
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21
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Giannuzzi G, Schmidt PJ, Porcu E, Willemin G, Munson KM, Nuttle X, Earl R, Chrast J, Hoekzema K, Risso D, Männik K, De Nittis P, Baratz ED, Herault Y, Gao X, Philpott CC, Bernier RA, Kutalik Z, Fleming MD, Eichler EE, Reymond A. The Human-Specific BOLA2 Duplication Modifies Iron Homeostasis and Anemia Predisposition in Chromosome 16p11.2 Autism Individuals. Am J Hum Genet 2019; 105:947-958. [PMID: 31668704 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2019.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Human-specific duplications at chromosome 16p11.2 mediate recurrent pathogenic 600 kbp BP4-BP5 copy-number variations, which are among the most common genetic causes of autism. These copy-number polymorphic duplications are under positive selection and include three to eight copies of BOLA2, a gene involved in the maturation of cytosolic iron-sulfur proteins. To investigate the potential advantage provided by the rapid expansion of BOLA2, we assessed hematological traits and anemia prevalence in 379,385 controls and individuals who have lost or gained copies of BOLA2: 89 chromosome 16p11.2 BP4-BP5 deletion carriers and 56 reciprocal duplication carriers in the UK Biobank. We found that the 16p11.2 deletion is associated with anemia (18/89 carriers, 20%, p = 4e-7, OR = 5), particularly iron-deficiency anemia. We observed similar enrichments in two clinical 16p11.2 deletion cohorts, which included 6/63 (10%) and 7/20 (35%) unrelated individuals with anemia, microcytosis, low serum iron, or low blood hemoglobin. Upon stratification by BOLA2 copy number, our data showed an association between low BOLA2 dosage and the above phenotypes (8/15 individuals with three copies, 53%, p = 1e-4). In parallel, we analyzed hematological traits in mice carrying the 16p11.2 orthologous deletion or duplication, as well as Bola2+/- and Bola2-/- animals. The Bola2-deficient mice and the mice carrying the deletion showed early evidence of iron deficiency, including a mild decrease in hemoglobin, lower plasma iron, microcytosis, and an increased red blood cell zinc-protoporphyrin-to-heme ratio. Our results indicate that BOLA2 participates in iron homeostasis in vivo, and its expansion has a potential adaptive role in protecting against iron deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuliana Giannuzzi
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland.
| | - Paul J Schmidt
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Eleonora Porcu
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Gilles Willemin
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Katherine M Munson
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Xander Nuttle
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Rachel Earl
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Jacqueline Chrast
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Kendra Hoekzema
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Davide Risso
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Katrin Männik
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Pasquelena De Nittis
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Ethan D Baratz
- Genetics and Metabolism Section, Liver Diseases Branch, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Yann Herault
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, INSERM, PHENOMIN-ICS, Institute of Genetics and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Illkirch, 67404, France
| | - Xiang Gao
- Model Animal Research Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Nanjing Biomedical Research Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210061 China
| | - Caroline C Philpott
- Genetics and Metabolism Section, Liver Diseases Branch, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Raphael A Bernier
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Zoltan Kutalik
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland; University Center for Primary Care and Public Health, Lausanne, 1010, Switzerland
| | - Mark D Fleming
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Evan E Eichler
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Alexandre Reymond
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
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22
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Zhu Y, Tong L, Nie K, Wiwatanaratanabutr I, Sun P, Li Q, Yu X, Wu P, Wu T, Yu C, Liu Q, Bian Z, Wang P, Cheng G. Host serum iron modulates dengue virus acquisition by mosquitoes. Nat Microbiol 2019; 4:2405-2415. [DOI: 10.1038/s41564-019-0555-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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23
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Placek C, Roulette C, Hudanick N, Khan A, Ravi K, Jayakrishna P, Srinivas V, Madhivanan P. Exploring biocultural models of chewing tobacco and paan among reproductive-aged women: Self-medication, protection, or gender inequality? Am J Hum Biol 2019; 31:e23281. [PMID: 31225943 PMCID: PMC6996481 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2018] [Revised: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Tobacco and areca nut are two of the most widely used psychoactive plant substances worldwide, yet the biocultural factors that account for variation in use patterns are not well understood. Here we attempt to understand the high prevalence of, and variation in, tobacco and areca nut use among reproductive-aged women. METHODS Research was carried out in Mysore, Karnataka, India. First, we conducted a qualitative investigation where participants engaged in semistructured interviews and focus group discussions to uncover cultural norms of women's tobacco use. Findings informed the second stage of research which quantitatively tested three models of tobacco and areca nut use (N = 74). RESULTS The qualitative study found that women were more likely to chew "natural" forms of tobacco and areca nut products (kaddipudi and paan). Quantitative tests of our hypotheses revealed that kaddipudi and combined tobacco use were best explained by the self-medication model, with somatic and environmental stress as strong indicators of use. The presence of cotinine, our biological indicator of tobacco use, was best modeled by gender inequality. We also found that men and women reported approximately equal tobacco use, even though their preferred types of tobacco and areca nut products differed. CONCLUSIONS Findings did not support the protection hypothesis as it relates to plant toxins. Instead, this study suggests that women might exploit neurotoxins such as nicotine and arecoline to offset the cognitive and energetic costs associated with iron deficiency in stressful environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlyn Placek
- Department of Anthropology, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana
- Public Health Research Institute of India, Mysore, Karnataka, India
| | - Casey Roulette
- Department of Anthropology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California
| | - Natalie Hudanick
- Department of Anthropology, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana
| | - Anisa Khan
- Public Health Research Institute of India, Mysore, Karnataka, India
| | - Kavitha Ravi
- Public Health Research Institute of India, Mysore, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Vijaya Srinivas
- Public Health Research Institute of India, Mysore, Karnataka, India
| | - Purnima Madhivanan
- Public Health Research Institute of India, Mysore, Karnataka, India
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
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24
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Liu T, Liu T, Liu H, Fan H, Chen B, Wang D, Zhang Y, Sun F. Preparation and Characterization of a Novel Polysaccharide-Iron(III) Complex in Auricularia auricula Potentially Used as an Iron Supplement. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:6416941. [PMID: 31309110 PMCID: PMC6594347 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6416941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Iron deficiency anemia has been a widespread disease. As an effective and stable iron supplement, the physiochemical properties of the polysaccharide iron complex have been widely studied. In this study, we characterized a novel polysaccharide-iron(III) complex extracted in an edible fungal species Auricularia auricular (AAPS-iron(III)). The highest iron content (28.40%) in the AAPS-iron(III) complex was obtained under the optimized preparation conditions including an AAPS to FeCl3∙ 6H2O ratio of 2:3 (w/w), a pH value of 8.0 in solution, a reaction temperature of 50°C, and a reaction time of 3 h. The physical and chemical properties of the AAPS-iron(III) complex were characterized by qualitative and quantitative analyses using scanning electron microscope, particle size distribution, thermogravimetric analyzer, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, circular dichroism, and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance. Result showed that, although the iron was bound to the polysaccharide, it was released under artificial gastrointestinal conditions. The AAPS-iron(III) complex exhibited high stability (under 50-256°C) and water solubility. The AAPS-iron(III) complex also showed high antioxidant activity in vitro, demonstrating an additional health benefit over other typical nonantioxidant iron nutritional supplements. Furthermore, the AAPS-iron(III) complex showed high efficiency on the treatment of the iron deficiency anemia in the model rats. Therefore, the AAPS-iron(III) complex can be used as a nutritional fortifier to supply iron in industrial processing and to assist the treatment of iron deficiency anemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Liu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongcheng Liu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongxiu Fan
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Bingyu Chen
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Dawei Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Yanrong Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Fengjie Sun
- School of Science and Technology, Georgia Gwinnett College, Lawrenceville, GA, USA
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25
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Wang K, Li L, Xu X, Lu L, Wang J, Wang S, Wang Y, Jin Z, Zhang JZ, Jiang Y. Fe 3O 4@ Astragalus Polysaccharide Core-Shell Nanoparticles for Iron Deficiency Anemia Therapy and Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Vivo. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:10452-10461. [PMID: 30801182 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b18648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a common nutritional disease suffered by 1 billion people. To develop a new drug which avoids the side effects of traditional oral iron supplementation for IDA treatment, we have designed Fe3O4@ Astragalus polysaccharide core-shell nanoparticles (Fe3O4@APS NPs) and demonstrated them to be an efficient therapeutic drug for IDA treatment in vivo. The Fe3O4@APS NPs have been successfully synthesized with good water solubility and stability, especially in imitated digestion. Cytotoxicity assessment in cells and pathological tests in mice justify their good biocompatibility and low toxicity. The IDA treatment in rats shows that they have efficient therapeutic effect, which is contributed to both the iron element supplement from Fe3O4 and the APS-stimulated hematopoietic cell generation. Moreover, the superparamagnetic Fe3O4@APS NPs are capable for use as a magnetic resonance imaging contrast agent. This study presents the possibility of nanocomposites involving purified natural products from Chinese herb medicine for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lina Li
- School of Chinese Medicine , Beijing University of Chinese Medicine , Beijing 100029 , China
| | | | | | - Jian Wang
- Department of Radiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital , Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing 100730 , China
| | - Shuyan Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine , Beijing University of Chinese Medicine , Beijing 100029 , China
| | - Yining Wang
- Department of Radiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital , Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing 100730 , China
| | - Zhengyu Jin
- Department of Radiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital , Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing 100730 , China
| | - Jin Zhong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry , University of California , Santa Cruz , California 95064 , United States
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26
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Allen A, Premawardhena A, Allen S, Rodrigo R, Manamperi A, Perera L, Wray K, Armitage A, Fisher C, Drakesmith A, Robson K, Weatherall D. The p.H63D allele of the HFE gene protects against low iron stores in Sri Lanka. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2019; 76:72-77. [PMID: 30827762 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2019.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
In hereditary hemochromatosis, iron overload is associated with homozygosity for the p.C282Y mutation. A second mutation, p.H63D, occurs at significant frequencies in Europe, North Africa, the Middle East and Asia. Early studies in Sri Lanka indicated that the variant had arisen independently, suggesting that it had been the subject of selective pressure. However, its role in iron absorption is unclear. In a survey of 7526 Sri Lankan secondary school students, we determined hemoglobin genotype and measured red cell indices, serum ferritin, transferrin receptor, iron zinc protoporphyrin and hepcidin. These variables were compared according to the presence or absence of the p.H63D variant in a subset of 1313 students for whom DNA samples were available. Students were classified as having low red cell indices if they had an MCV <80 fl and/or MCH <27 pg. Hetero and/or homozygosity for the p.H63D variant was more common in students with normal than low red cell indices (16.4% and 11.9% respectively; p = 0.019). Iron biomarkers and red cell indices were greater in children with the p.H63D variant than in normal and this was statistically significant for MCV (p = 0.046). Our findings suggest that selective pressure by mild iron deficiency contributes to the high frequencies of the p.H63D variant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Allen
- MRC Molecular Hematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK.
| | - Anuja Premawardhena
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka; Thalassemia Care Unit, North Colombo Teaching Hospital, Ragama, Sri Lanka
| | - Stephen Allen
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
| | - Rexan Rodrigo
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka; Thalassemia Care Unit, North Colombo Teaching Hospital, Ragama, Sri Lanka
| | | | - Luxman Perera
- Thalassemia Care Unit, North Colombo Teaching Hospital, Ragama, Sri Lanka
| | - Katherine Wray
- MRC Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Andrew Armitage
- MRC Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Christopher Fisher
- MRC Molecular Hematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Alexander Drakesmith
- MRC Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Kathryn Robson
- MRC Molecular Hematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - David Weatherall
- MRC Molecular Hematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Implications of the Iron Deficiency in Lower Tract Respiratory Acute Infections in Toddlers. CURRENT HEALTH SCIENCES JOURNAL 2018; 44:362-367. [PMID: 31123613 PMCID: PMC6421482 DOI: 10.12865/chsj.44.04.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Iron deficiency anemia can result in an abnormal immune response and an increased incidence of the respiratory tract infections. In this study we analyzed statistically the association of acute lower respiratory tract infections with anemic status and associated risk factors for a number of 166 toddlers (1-3 years), using a control group of 26 cases without infectious status. The statistical analysis indicated the significant association of the infectious status with the anemic status of the patients as well as with the rural living areas, non-natural nutrition, prematurity and respiratory history. At the same time, we found a statistically significant association of anemic status with rural living areas and non-natural diet. The results obtained can be used to stratify patients for standardized treatment to regulate the iron metabolism and implicitly to combat the infectious disease.
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Shu M, Yao X, Wu K, Zhang K, Nishinari K, Phillips GO, Yao X, Jiang F. Preparation and stability of nano-scaled gel beads of λ-carrageenan bound with ferric ions. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 120:2523-2529. [PMID: 30195004 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) is a major global public health problem, and the iron fortifiers in diet are clearly needed in the prevention and improvement of IDA for humans. A novel nano-scaled gel beads of λ-carrageenan (λ-car) specifically binding with ferric ions was developed to be a promising iron fortifier with no adverse organoleptic changes on food. Turbidity measurement, thermogravimetric analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the successful chelating. The gel beads of λ-car-Fe3+ complex showed good dispersibility and solvent stability. The in vitro cell viability of HepG2 cells treated with λ-car-Fe3+ was over 75% at 5 mg/mL of ferric ions, indicating a significant cytotoxicity reduction of ferric ions. The stability of λ-car-Fe3+ complex powder was obviously increased against browning during 60 d storage with zein coating, which was attributed to the prevention of moisture permeation. Zein coated gel beads also performed a slow release of ferric ions in simulated gastrointestinal juices, resulting from the compact and hydrophobic zein surface delaying the dissociation of λ-car-Fe3+ in acidic environment. This λ-car-Fe3+ complex would have a great potential as a safe iron fortifier and facilitate iron supplementary with the advantage to relieve the side effects of iron ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Shu
- Glyn O. Phillips Hydrocolloid Research Centre, School of Bioengineering and Food Science, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Xiaoxue Yao
- Glyn O. Phillips Hydrocolloid Research Centre, School of Bioengineering and Food Science, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Kao Wu
- Glyn O. Phillips Hydrocolloid Research Centre, School of Bioengineering and Food Science, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Ferguson (Wuhan) Biotechnologies Ltd., Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Katsuyoshi Nishinari
- Glyn O. Phillips Hydrocolloid Research Centre, School of Bioengineering and Food Science, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Glyn O Phillips
- Glyn O. Phillips Hydrocolloid Research Centre, School of Bioengineering and Food Science, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Xiaolin Yao
- Glyn O. Phillips Hydrocolloid Research Centre, School of Bioengineering and Food Science, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China; Ferguson (Wuhan) Biotechnologies Ltd., Wuhan 430056, China; School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Fatang Jiang
- Glyn O. Phillips Hydrocolloid Research Centre, School of Bioengineering and Food Science, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China.
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29
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He H, An F, Teng H, Huang Q, Song H. Preparation and characterisation of a novel agar oligosaccharide-iron (III) complex. Int J Food Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.13921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong He
- College of Food Science; Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University; Fuzhou 350002 China
| | - Fengping An
- College of Food Science; Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University; Fuzhou 350002 China
| | - Hui Teng
- College of Food Science; Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University; Fuzhou 350002 China
| | - Qun Huang
- College of Food Science; Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University; Fuzhou 350002 China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Science and Processing Technology in Special Starch; Fuzhou 350002 China
| | - Hongbo Song
- College of Food Science; Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University; Fuzhou 350002 China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Science and Processing Technology in Special Starch; Fuzhou 350002 China
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30
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Xu L, Meng Y, Liu Y, Meng Q, Zhang Z, Li J, Lu Q. A novel iron supplements preparation from Grifola frondosa polysaccharide and assessment of antioxidant, lymphocyte proliferation and complement fixing activities. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 108:1148-1157. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.10.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Revised: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Cui J, Li Y, Yu P, Zhan Q, Wang J, Chi Y, Wang P. A novel low molecular weight Enteromorpha polysaccharide-iron (III) complex and its effect on rats with iron deficiency anemia (IDA). Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 108:412-418. [PMID: 29223752 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 11/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a common nutritional disease that affects normal erythropoiesis. Traditional iron supplements usually cause gastrointestinal irritation. In this study, a novel low-molecular-weight polysaccharide from Enteromorpha prolifera (LPE) was prepared by oxidation degradation, and LPE-iron (III) complex was synthesized and characterized. The molecular weight of LPE-iron (III) complex was 21.25kDa, and iron content was 25%. The therapeutic effects of LPE-iron (III) complex on IDA were investigated in rats. The hematological indices and organ coefficients of the rats were analyzed. Results showed a dose-dependent relationship, and a prior intragastric administration of LPE-iron (III) complex (2mg Fe/kg body weight) exhibited considerable effect when compared with the positive control. Therefore, LPE-iron (III) complex could be exploited as a new iron fortifier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiefen Cui
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Yinping Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Peng Yu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Qiping Zhan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Jingfeng Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Yongzhou Chi
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Peng Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Seaweed Substances, Qingdao 266400, PR China.
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32
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Weinborn V, Valenzuela C, Olivares M, Arredondo M, Weill R, Pizarro F. Prebiotics increase heme iron bioavailability and do not affect non-heme iron bioavailability in humans. Food Funct 2017; 8:1994-1999. [PMID: 28485415 DOI: 10.1039/c6fo01833e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to establish the effect of a prebiotic mix on heme and non-heme iron (Fe) bioavailability in humans. To this purpose, twenty-four healthy women were randomized into one of two study groups. One group ate one yogurt per day for 12 days with a prebiotic mix (prebiotic group) and the other group received the same yogurt but without the prebiotic mix (control group). Before and after the intake period, the subjects participated in Fe absorption studies. These studies used 55Fe and 59Fe radioactive isotopes as markers of heme Fe and non-heme Fe, respectively, and Fe absorption was measured by the incorporation of radioactive Fe into erythrocytes. The results showed that there were no significant differences in heme and non-heme Fe bioavailability in the control group. Heme Fe bioavailability of the prebiotic group increased significantly by 56% post-prebiotic intake. There were no significant differences in non-heme Fe bioavailability in this group. We concluded that daily consumption of a prebiotic mix increases heme Fe bioavailability and does not affect non-heme iron bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Weinborn
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
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33
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Fujita M, Wander K. A test of the optimal iron hypothesis among breastfeeding Ariaal mothers in northern Kenya. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2017; 164:586-597. [PMID: 28832929 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.23299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The optimal iron hypothesis posits a trade-off in iron nutrition-iron deficiency restricts iron available to infectious agents, protecting against severe infection, but also compromises immune defense-such that mild-to-moderate iron deficiency may be more adaptive than either iron-replete or severe deficiency in environments with high infectious disease load. This hypothesis has not been tested among adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS A secondary analysis of data and specimens from 220 lactating mothers in northern Kenya was conducted. Elevated serum C-reactive protein (CRP > 2 or >5 mg/l) was utilized to identify prevalent subclinical infection/inflammation. Iron deficiency was identified with transferrin receptor in archived dried blood spots (TfR > 5.0 mg/l). The absence of iron deficiency or anemia (Hemoglobin < 12 g/l) defined the iron replete state. Iron-deficient erythropoiesis (IDE, mild-to-moderate iron deficiency) was defined as iron deficiency without anemia; iron deficiency anemia (IDA, severe iron deficiency) as iron deficiency with anemia; and noniron-deficiency anemia (NIDA) as anemia without iron deficiency. RESULTS The prevalence of elevated inflammation (subclinical infection) was lowest in IDE. In logistic regression, IDE was inversely associated with inflammation (for CRP > 2 mg/l: adjusted odds ratio, aOR = 0.30; p = 0.02; for CRP > 5 mg/l: aOR = 0.27; p = 0.10), compared to the iron replete state. The protective effect of IDE differed in the presence of vitamin A deficiency or underweight. CONCLUSIONS We interpret these patterns as tentative support for the optimal iron hypothesis in breastfeeding women in the infectious disease ecology of northern Kenya. Iron deficiency may interact in important ways with other forms of malnutrition that are known to affect immune protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masako Fujita
- Department of Anthropology, Michigan State University, Michigan.,Biomarker Laboratory for Anthropological Research, Michigan State University, Michigan
| | - Katherine Wander
- Department of Anthropology, Binghamton University (SUNY), New York.,Laboratory for Anthropometry and Biomarkers, Binghamton University (SUNY), New York
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34
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Wander K, Shell-Duncan B, Brindle E. Lower incidence of respiratory infections among iron-deficient children in Kilimanjaro, Tanzania. EVOLUTION MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 2017:109-119. [PMID: 28852503 PMCID: PMC5570096 DOI: 10.1093/emph/eox010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Objective: We posited a trade-off in iron nutrition, with iron deficiency decreasing risk for infection by depriving infectious agents of iron while increasing risk for infection by compromising immune protection. We described associations between iron deficiency and prevalent and incident infectious disease episodes and cell-mediated immunity (CMI) among 283 children in Kilimanjaro, Tanzania. Methodology: Whole blood specimens were evaluated for hemoglobin and dried blood spots (DBS) were evaluated for biomarkers of iron deficiency (transferrin receptor) and inflammation (C-reactive protein and α1-acid glycoprotein). Prevalent and incident infectious disease episodes were identified by physician’s diagnosis. CMI was evaluated as delayed-type hypersensitivity to Candida albicans (DTH-Candida). Associations between iron status and elevated inflammation, prevalent infectious disease episodes and DTH-Candida were described with logistic regression models; associations between iron status and incident infectious disease episodes were described with Cox proportional hazards models. Results: Elevated inflammation and diagnosed infectious diseases were more common among children with iron-deficiency anemia (IDA, severe iron deficiency), but not significantly so. The incidence of infectious disease was lowest among children with moderate iron deficiency (iron-deficient erythropoiesis, IDE); this pattern was most apparent for respiratory infections (aHR: 0.24; p: 0.030). DTH-Candida was not compromised among children with any degree of iron deficiency. Conclusions and implications: We observed no adverse effect of iron deficiency on CMI, but did observe patterns consistent with the hypothesis that moderate iron deficiency protects against respiratory infections and may represent a nutritional adaptation to infectious disease. This suggests that interventions targeting iron deficiency should be coupled with effective infectious disease control measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Wander
- Department of Anthropology, Binghamton University (SUNY), Binghamton, NY, USA
| | - Bettina Shell-Duncan
- Department of Anthropology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Center for Studies in Demography and Ecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Eleanor Brindle
- Center for Studies in Demography and Ecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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35
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El Amin Aissiou MY, Assami MK, El Hadi Cherifi M, Djennadi N, Aroua H, Bitam A. Prolonged exclusive lactation and low educational level of mothers as potential risk factors for the occurrence of iron deficiency anemia among young Algerian preschool children living in poor rural area (Djelfa). MEDITERRANEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM 2017. [DOI: 10.3233/mnm-16104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Yehya El Amin Aissiou
- Laboratory of Human Nutrition and food Technology of Algiers, High National School of Agronomy of El Harrach, Street of Hassan Badi El Harrach, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Mustapha Kamel Assami
- Laboratory of Human Nutrition and food Technology of Algiers, High National School of Agronomy of El Harrach, Street of Hassan Badi El Harrach, Algiers, Algeria
| | | | | | - Hayet Aroua
- Clinical Laboratory of Larbaa, Larbaa, Blida, Algeria
| | - Arezki Bitam
- Laboratory of Human Nutrition and food Technology of Algiers, High National School of Agronomy of El Harrach, Street of Hassan Badi El Harrach, Algiers, Algeria
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36
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Song S, Yang L, Ye M, Chen X, Shi F, Shaikh F. Antioxidant activity of a Lachnum YM226 melanin-iron complex and its influence on cytokine production in mice with iron deficiency anemia. Food Funct 2016; 7:1508-14. [PMID: 26887341 DOI: 10.1039/c5fo01274k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The present study aims to investigate the protective effects of an orally administered Lachnum YM226 melanin-iron complex (LM-Fe) against iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in mice. The IDA mouse model was established by feeding mice with iron-deficient food. Different doses of LM-Fe were given to the anaemic mice via intragastric administration, with FeCl3 and FeSO4 used as positive controls. After the iron supplement administration, it was observed that LM-Fe could significantly improve the decreased haemoglobin (Hb) level, and normalize the serum iron (SI) level, total iron-binding capacity (TIBC) and serum ferritin (SF) of the anaemic mice in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, treatment with LM-Fe significantly increased the antioxidant enzyme activities of superoxidase dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in plasma to normal or better. Furthermore, the levels of tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were obviously decreased in the LM-Fe supplemented groups compared with the model group, while the level of interleukin-2 (IL-2) was significantly increased. In conclusion, LM-Fe was efficient at ameliorating the anemia symptoms, improving the activities of antioxidant enzymes and adjusting the immune dysfunction of anaemic mice. Thus, these results demonstrated that LM-Fe might be exploited as an efficient and multifunctional iron supplement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Song
- College of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China.
| | - Liu Yang
- College of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China.
| | - Ming Ye
- College of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China.
| | - Xue Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Processing, Xuancheng Campus, Hefei University of Technology, Xuancheng 242000, China
| | - Fang Shi
- College of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China.
| | - Farnaz Shaikh
- College of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China.
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37
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Gutiérrez G, Matos M, Barrero P, Pando D, Iglesias O, Pazos C. Iron-entrapped niosomes and their potential application for yogurt fortification. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2016.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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38
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Lu Q, Xu L, Meng Y, Liu Y, Li J, Zu Y, Zhu M. Preparation and characterization of a novel Astragalus membranaceus polysaccharide-iron (III) complex. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 93:208-216. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.08.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Revised: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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39
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Gryder LK, Young SM, Zava D, Norris W, Cross CL, Benyshek DC. Effects of Human Maternal Placentophagy on Maternal Postpartum Iron Status: A Randomized, Double‐Blind, Placebo‐Controlled Pilot Study. J Midwifery Womens Health 2016; 62:68-79. [DOI: 10.1111/jmwh.12549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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40
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Association between predominantly plant-based diets and iron status in Chinese adults: a cross-sectional analysis. Br J Nutr 2016; 116:1621-1632. [DOI: 10.1017/s0007114516003639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
AbstractCurrent evidence of the relationship between diets and Fe status is mostly derived from studies in developed countries with Western diets, which may not be translatable to Chinese with a predominantly plant-based diet. We extracted data that were nationally sampled from the 2009 wave of China Health and Nutrition Survey; dietary information was collected using 24-h recalls combined with a food inventory for 3 consecutive days. Blood samples were collected to quantify Fe status, and log-ferritin, transferrin receptor and Hb were used as Fe status indicators. In total, 2905 (1360 males and 1545 females) adults aged 18–50 years were included for multiple linear regression and stratified analyses. The rates of Fe deficiency and Fe-deficiency anaemia were 1·6 and 0·7 % for males and 28·4 and 10·7 % for females, respectively. As red meat and haem Fe consumption differed about fifteen to twenty times throughout the five groups, divided by quintiles of animal protein intake per 4·2 MJ/d, only Fe status as indicated by log-ferritin (P=0·019) and transferrin receptor (P=0·024) concentrations in males was shown to be higher as intakes of animal foods increased. Log-ferritin was positively associated with intakes of red meat (B=0·3 %, P=0·01) and haem Fe (B=12·3 %, P=0·010) in males and with intake of non-haem Fe in females (B=2·2 %, P=0·024). We conclude that diet has a very limited association with Fe status in Chinese adults consuming a traditional Chinese diet, and a predominantly plant-based diet may not be necessarily responsible for poor Fe status.
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41
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Miller EM. The reproductive ecology of iron in women. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2016; 159:S172-95. [PMID: 26808104 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.22907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Reproductive ecology focuses on the sensitivity of human reproduction to environmental variation. While reproductive ecology has historically focused on the relationship between energy status and reproductive outcomes, iron status is equally critical to women's reproductive health, given the wide-ranging detrimental effects of iron-deficiency anemia on maternal and infant well-being. This review interprets the vast literature on iron status and women's reproduction through an evolutionary framework. First, it will critique the evidence for iron deficiency caused by blood loss during menstruation, reinterpreting the available data as ecological variation in menses within and between populations of women. Second, it will highlight the scant but growing evidence that iron status is implicated in fertility, a relationship that has deep evolutionary roots. Third, this review proposes a new hypothesis for the transfer of iron from mother to infant via pregnancy and breastfeeding: reproductive iron withholding. In this hypothesis, mothers transfer iron to infants in a manner that helps infants avoid iron-mediated infection and oxidative stress, but trades off with potential risk of maternal and infant iron deficiency. Finally, this review explores two main factors that can modify the relationship between iron status and the gestation-lactation cycle: (1) the relationship between long-term reproductive effort (parity) and iron status and (2) supplementation schemes before and during pregnancy. The review concludes by suggesting continued research into iron homeostasis in women using evolutionary, ecological, and biocultural frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth M Miller
- Department of Anthropology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33620
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42
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Chang YH, Lee SY, Kwak HS. Physicochemical and sensory properties of milk fortified with iron microcapsules prepared with water-in-oil-in-water emulsion during storage. INT J DAIRY TECHNOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/1471-0307.12282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Hyuk Chang
- Department of Food and Nutrition; Kyung Hee University; Seoul 130-701 Korea
| | - Sun Young Lee
- Department of Food Science and Technology; Sejong University; Seoul 143-747 Korea
| | - Hae-Soo Kwak
- Department of Food Science and Technology; Sejong University; Seoul 143-747 Korea
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43
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da Silva BP, Matyelka JCDS, Moreira MEDC, Toledo RCL, Della Lucia CM, Pinheiro-Sant'Ana HM, Martino HSD. A high fat diet does not affect the iron bioavailability in Wistar rats fed with chia and increases gene expression of iron metabolism proteins. Food Funct 2016; 7:4861-4868. [DOI: 10.1039/c6fo00759g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effect of chia on the iron bioavailability and gene expression of proteins involved in iron metabolism in animals fed with a high fat diet and a standard diet.
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Miton H, Claidière N, Mercier H. Universal cognitive mechanisms explain the cultural success of bloodletting. EVOL HUM BEHAV 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2015.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Wessling-Resnick M. Nramp1 and Other Transporters Involved in Metal Withholding during Infection. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:18984-90. [PMID: 26055722 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.r115.643973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
During the course of infection, many natural defenses are set up along the boundaries of the host-pathogen interface. Key among these is the host response to withhold metals to restrict the growth of invading microbes. This simple act of nutritional warfare, starving the invader of an essential element, is an effective means of limiting infection. The physiology of metal withholding is often referred to as "nutritional immunity," and the mechanisms of metal transport that contribute to this host response are the focus of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Wessling-Resnick
- From the Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
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Antioxidant and anti-anemia activity of heme iron obtained from bovine hemoglobin. Food Sci Biotechnol 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10068-015-0083-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
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Coad J, Pedley K. Iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia in women. Scand J Clin Lab Invest Suppl 2015; 244:82-9; discussion 89. [PMID: 25083899 DOI: 10.3109/00365513.2014.936694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Iron deficiency is one of the most common nutritional problems in the world and disproportionately affects women and children. Stages of iron deficiency can be characterized as mild deficiency where iron stores become depleted, marginal deficiency where the production of many iron-dependent proteins is compromised but hemoglobin levels are normal and iron deficiency anemia where synthesis of hemoglobin is decreased and oxygen transport to the tissues is reduced. Iron deficiency anemia is usually assessed by measuring hemoglobin levels but this approach lacks both specificity and sensitivity. Failure to identify and treat earlier stages of iron deficiency is concerning given the neurocognitive implications of iron deficiency without anemia. Most of the daily iron requirement is derived from recycling of senescent erythrocytes by macrophages; only 5-10 % comes from the diet. Iron absorption is affected by inhibitors and enhancers of iron absorption and by the physiological state. Inflammatory conditions, including obesity, can result in iron being retained in the enterocytes and macrophages causing hypoferremia as a strategic defense mechanism to restrict iron availability to pathogens. Premenopausal women usually have low iron status because of iron loss in menstrual blood. Conditions which further increase iron loss, compromise absorption or increase demand, such as frequent blood donation, gastrointestinal lesions, athletic activity and pregnancy, can exceed the capacity of the gastrointestinal tract to upregulate iron absorption. Women of reproductive age are at particularly high risk of iron deficiency and its consequences however there is a controversial argument that evolutionary pressures have resulted in an iron deficient phenotype which protects against infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Coad
- Institute of Food, Nutrition & Human Health, College of Health Te Kura Hauora Tangata, Massey University , Palmerston North , New Zealand
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Chronic iron deficiency as an emerging risk factor for osteoporosis: a hypothesis. Nutrients 2015; 7:2324-44. [PMID: 25849944 PMCID: PMC4425147 DOI: 10.3390/nu7042324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Revised: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron is essential in oxygen transport and participates in many enzymatic systems in the body, with important roles in collagen synthesis and vitamin D metabolism. The relationship between iron and bone health comes from clinical observations in iron overload patients who suffered bone loss. The opposite scenario—whether iron deficiency, with or without anemia, affects bone metabolism—has not been fully addressed. This is of great interest, as this nutrient deficiency is a worldwide public health problem and at the same time osteoporosis and bone alterations are highly prevalent. This review presents current knowledge on nutritional iron deficiency and bone remodeling, the biomarkers to evaluate iron status and bone formation and resorption, and the link between iron and bone metabolism. Finally, it is hypothesized that chronic iron deficiency induces bone resorption and risk of osteoporosis, thus complete recovery from anemia and its prevention should be promoted in order to improve quality of life including bone health. Several mechanisms are suggested; hence, further investigation on the possible impact of chronic iron deficiency on the development of osteoporosis is needed.
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Wang J, Chen H, Wang Y, Xing L. Synthesis and characterization of a new Inonotus obliquus polysaccharide-iron(III) complex. Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 75:210-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Revised: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Zhang C, Zhang F. Iron homeostasis and tumorigenesis: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities. Protein Cell 2014; 6:88-100. [PMID: 25476483 PMCID: PMC4312762 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-014-0119-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Excess iron is tightly associated with tumorigenesis in multiple human cancer types through a variety of mechanisms including catalyzing the formation of mutagenic hydroxyl radicals, regulating DNA replication, repair and cell cycle progression, affecting signal transduction in cancer cells, and acting as an essential nutrient for proliferating tumor cells. Thus, multiple therapeutic strategies based on iron deprivation have been developed in cancer therapy. During the past few years, our understanding of genetic association and molecular mechanisms between iron and tumorigenesis has expanded enormously. In this review, we briefly summarize iron homeostasis in mammals, and discuss recent progresses in understanding the aberrant iron metabolism in numerous cancer types, with a focus on studies revealing altered signal transduction in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiguo Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA,
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