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Hoch CC, Shoykhet M, Weiser T, Griesbaum L, Petry J, Hachani K, Multhoff G, Bashiri Dezfouli A, Wollenberg B. Isothiocyanates in medicine: A comprehensive review on phenylethyl-, allyl-, and benzyl-isothiocyanates. Pharmacol Res 2024; 201:107107. [PMID: 38354869 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, isothiocyanates (ITCs), bioactive compounds primarily derived from Brassicaceae vegetables and herbs, have gained significant attention within the biomedical field due to their versatile biological effects. This comprehensive review provides an in-depth exploration of the therapeutic potential and individual biological mechanisms of the three specific ITCs phenylethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC), allyl isothiocyanate (AITC), and benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC), as well as their collective impact within the formulation of ANGOCIN® Anti-Infekt N (Angocin). Angocin comprises horseradish root (Armoracia rusticanae radix, 80 mg) and nasturtium (Tropaeoli majoris herba, 200 mg) and is authorized for treating inflammatory diseases affecting the respiratory and urinary tract. The antimicrobial efficacy of this substance has been confirmed both in vitro and in various clinical trials, with its primary effectiveness attributed to ITCs. PEITC, AITC, and BITC exhibit a wide array of health benefits, including potent anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties, along with noteworthy anticancer potentials. Moreover, we highlight their ability to modulate critical biochemical pathways, such as the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathways, shedding light on their involvement in cellular apoptosis and their intricate role to guide immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cosima C Hoch
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Maria Shoykhet
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Tobias Weiser
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Lena Griesbaum
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Julie Petry
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Khouloud Hachani
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 81675 Munich, Germany; Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research, Technical University of Munich (TranslaTUM), Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Gabriele Multhoff
- Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research, Technical University of Munich (TranslaTUM), Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Ali Bashiri Dezfouli
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 81675 Munich, Germany; Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research, Technical University of Munich (TranslaTUM), Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Barbara Wollenberg
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 81675 Munich, Germany.
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Nakamura T, Tsutsui C, Okuda Y, Abe-Kanoh N, Okazawa S, Munemasa S, Murata Y, Kato Y, Nakamura Y. Benzyl isothiocyanate and its metabolites inhibit cell proliferation through protein modification in mouse preosteoclast RAW264.7 cells. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2022; 36:e23184. [PMID: 35920443 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC), derived from cruciferous vegetables, is an organosulfur compound exerting antiproliferative effects in several human cancer cells. In this study, we assessed BITC as a potential osteoclastogenesis inhibitor and investigated its underlying mechanism. BITC at 5 μM significantly decreased the viability of the osteoclast-like differentiating RAW264.7 cells, coinciding with the downregulation of the primary biomarkers for osteoclast differentiation, such as the tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase activity and nuclear factor of activated T-cells gene expression. Not only BITC but also its metabolites, inhibited cell proliferation in the normal RAW264.7 cells, suggesting that BITC shows an anti-osteoclastogenesis effect in vivo after its ingestion and metabolism, possibly through an antiproliferative action. Both BITC and its metabolites also enhanced the DNA fragmentation and the caspase-3 activity, whereas their higher concentrations tended to suppress these effects. BITC was intracellularly accumulated when the cells were treated with its metabolites via their degradation into the free form. A quantitative experiment using the proteolysis/high performance liquid chromatography technique showed that the amount of BITC-lysine thiourea in the cells was also increased in a time-dependent manner, suggesting that lysine modification of the cellular proteins actually took place in the cells treated by BITC. Among the cellular proteins, the cleaved caspase-3 was identified as a potential target for lysine modification by BITC. Taken together, BITC dissociated from its metabolites as well as its free form might modulate osteoclastogenesis, possibly through inhibition of cell proliferation by protein modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiyuki Nakamura
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Chiharu Tsutsui
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yu Okuda
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Naomi Abe-Kanoh
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan.,Department of Food Science, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Saori Okazawa
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Shintaro Munemasa
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Murata
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yoji Kato
- Graduate School of Human Science and Environment, University of Hyogo, Himeji, Hyogo, Japan.,Research Institute for Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Hyogo, Himeji, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Nakamura
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
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Bioactive Compounds from Zingiber montanum and Their Pharmacological Activities with Focus on Zerumbone. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app112110205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The genus Zingiber consists of about 85 species and many of these species are used as food, spices, and medicines. One of the species, Zingiber montanum (J. Koenig) Link ex A. Dietr. is native to Southeast Asia and has been extensively used as traditional medicines and food. The aim of this review was to collect and critically analyze the scientific information about the bioactive compounds and pharmacological activities of Z. montanum with focus on one of the main components, zerumbone (ZER). Various studies have reported the analysis of volatile constituents of the essential oils from Z. montanum. Similarly, many phenylbutanoids, flavonoids and terpenes were also isolated from rhizomes. These essential oils, extracts and compounds showed potent antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities among others. Zerumbone has been studied widely for its anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and other pharmacological activities. Future studies should focus on the exploration of various pharmacological activities of other compounds including phenylbutanoids and flavonoids. Bioassay guided isolation may result in the separation of other active components from the extracts. Z. montanum could be a promising source for the development of pharmaceutical products and functional foods.
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Tobeiha M, Rajabi A, Raisi A, Mohajeri M, Yazdi SM, Davoodvandi A, Aslanbeigi F, Vaziri M, Hamblin MR, Mirzaei H. Potential of natural products in osteosarcoma treatment: Focus on molecular mechanisms. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 144:112257. [PMID: 34688081 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most frequent type of bone cancer found in children and adolescents, and commonly arises in the metaphyseal region of tubular long bones. Standard therapeutic approaches, such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy, are used in the management of osteosarcoma. In recent years, the mortality rate of osteosarcoma has decreased due to advances in treatment methods. Today, the scientific community is investigating the use of different naturally derived active principles against various types of cancer. Natural bioactive compounds can function against cancer cells in two ways. Firstly they can act as classical cytotoxic compounds by non-specifically affecting macromolecules, such as DNA, enzymes, and microtubules, which are also expressed in normal proliferating cells, but to a greater extent by cancer cells. Secondly, they can act against oncogenic signal transduction pathways, many of which are activated in cancer cells. Some bioactive plant-derived agents are gaining increasing attention because of their anti-cancer properties. Moreover, some naturally-derived compounds can significantly promote the effectiveness of standard chemotherapy drugs, and in certain cases are able to ameliorate drug-induced adverse effects caused by chemotherapy. In the present review we summarize the effects of various naturally-occurring bioactive compounds against osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Tobeiha
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran; Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Ali Rajabi
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran; Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Arash Raisi
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran; Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mahshad Mohajeri
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Amirhossein Davoodvandi
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran; Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Aslanbeigi
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran; Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - MohamadSadegh Vaziri
- Student Research Committee, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa.
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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Rong X, Xu J, Jiang Y, Li F, Chen Y, Dou QP, Li D. Citrus peel flavonoid nobiletin alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation by activating IL-6/STAT3/FOXO3a-mediated autophagy. Food Funct 2021; 12:1305-1317. [PMID: 33439200 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02141e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nobiletin, a polymethoxyflavone widely present in the peel of citrus fruits, has significant anti-inflammatory activity. Autophagy plays a critical role in maintaining cell homeostasis by promoting the degradation of intracellular structures in response to various stress. Recent research suggests the involvement of autophagy in the inflammatory process and therefore some inflammation-related diseases. However, the "cross-talk" between autophagy and nobiletin's anti-inflammation response remains not well elucidated. Therefore, this study was initiated with the aim of investigating the role of autophagy in nobiletin's protective effect against inflammation in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Results showed that nobiletin significantly (P < 0.05) inhibited the release of nitric oxide (NO) and decreased the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, nobiletin significantly (P < 0.05) promoted autophagy as evidenced by the appearance of more autophagosomes, up-regulated LC3II protein, low-regulated p62 protein, and increased autophagy-related (Atg) genes' expression compared with the control treated with LPS alone. Addition of chloroquine, an autophagy inhibitor, alleviated nobiletin's anti-inflammatory effect, further supporting the requirement of an active autophagy process for the citrus peel flavonoid's biological activity. Mechanistically, we found that nobiletin treatment leads to activation of the IL-6/STAT3/FOXO3a signal pathway through the down-regulation of IL-6 and STAT3 phosphorylation and the upregulation of FOXO3a phosphorylation in the cell nucleus, which is responsible for induction of macrophage autophagy. Taken together, our study provides evidence that nobiletin suppresses inflammatory response through enhancing autophagy through activating the IL-6/STAT3/FOXO3a pathway in macrophage cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Rong
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China.
| | - Jie Xu
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China.
| | - Yang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China.
| | - Feng Li
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China.
| | - Yilun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China.
| | - Q Ping Dou
- Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute and Departments of Oncology, Pharmacology and Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Dapeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China.
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Furukawa Y, Okuyama S, Amakura Y, Sawamoto A, Nakajima M, Yoshimura M, Igase M, Fukuda N, Tamai T, Yoshida T. Isolation and Characterization of Neuroprotective Components from Citrus Peel and Their Application as Functional Food. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2021; 69:2-10. [PMID: 33390517 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c20-00265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The elderly experience numerous physiological alterations. In the brain, aging causes degeneration or loss of distinct populations of neurons, resulting in declining cognitive function, locomotor capability, etc. The pathogenic factors of such neurodegeneration are oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, reduced energy homeostatis, decreased levels of neurotrophic factor, etc. On the other hand, numerous studies have investigated various biologically active substances in fruit and vegetables. We focused on the peel of citrus fruit to search for neuroprotective components and found that: 1) 3,5,6,7,8,3',4'-heptamethoxyflavone (HMF) and auraptene (AUR) in the peel of Kawachi Bankan (Citrus kawachiensis) exert neuroprotective effects; 2) both HMF and AUR can pass through the blood-brain barrier, suggesting that they act directly in the brain; 3) the content of AUR in the peel of K. Bankan was exceptionally high, and consequently the oral administration of the dried peel powder of K. Bankan exerts neuroprotective effects; and 4) intake of K. Bankan juice, which was enriched in AUR by adding peel paste to the raw juice, contributed to the prevention of cognitive dysfunction in aged healthy volunteers. This review summarizes our studies in terms of the isolation/characterization of HMF and AUR in K. Bankan peel, analysis of their actions in the brain, mechanisms of their actions, and trials to develop food that retains their functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiko Furukawa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University
| | - Satoshi Okuyama
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University
| | - Yoshiaki Amakura
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University
| | - Atsushi Sawamoto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University
| | - Mitsunari Nakajima
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University
| | - Morio Yoshimura
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University
| | - Michiya Igase
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and Neurology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine
| | | | | | - Takashi Yoshida
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
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Saeed MEM, Rahama M, Kuete V, Dawood M, Elbadawi M, Sugimoto Y, Efferth T. Collateral sensitivity of drug-resistant ABCB5- and mutation-activated EGFR overexpressing cells towards resveratrol due to modulation of SIRT1 expression. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 59:152890. [PMID: 30921566 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2019.152890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the drug discovery field, natural products deemed a precious source of novel lead compounds. They have the ability to bypass or overcome multidrug resistance (MDR) in cancer cells. PURPOSE In this study, the natural polyphenolic stilbene resveratrol (RES) has been studied for its cytotoxic activity toward MDR cancer cells. METHODS Resazurin assay was used to investigate the cytotoxicity of RES not only against a panel of drug-resistant cancer cells overexpressing P-glycoprotein/ABCB1, BCRP/ABCG2, ABCB5 (ATP-binding cassette transporters), but also mutation-activated EGFR. The assessment of proteins expression was done by Western blot analysis. COMPARE and hierarchical cluster analyses were applied to identify, which genes correlate with sensitivity or resistance to RES. The NF-κB activation was evaluated using NF-kB reporter cells assay. RESULTS Interestingly, MDR cells overexpressing ABCB5 and mutation-activated EGFR were collateral sensitive (CS) to RES. Our immunoblotting analysis highlighted that CS may be attributed to RES-induced sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) overexpression. Indeed, the SIRT1 inhibitor, sirtinol completely abolished CS to RES, indicating a causative role of SIRT1 for CS to RES. In addition, COMPARE and hierarchical cluster analyses of transcriptomic data indicated genes associated with diverse cellular mechanisms ranging from the immune response, inflammation signaling, and microtubule formation to cell migration. Searching for transcription factor binding motifs in the promoters of these genes pointed to NF-κB as one of the master regulators related to RES activity. CONCLUSION The findings demonstrate that RES alone or in combination with established chemotherapeutic agents might overcome the refractory tumors. This information may be immensely useful for the development of personalized treatment.
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MESH Headings
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B/genetics
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B/metabolism
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/metabolism
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Drug Resistance, Multiple
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/drug effects
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- ErbB Receptors/genetics
- ErbB Receptors/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Mutation
- NF-kappa B/genetics
- NF-kappa B/metabolism
- Promoter Regions, Genetic
- Resveratrol/pharmacology
- Sirtuin 1/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed E M Saeed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Muhammad Rahama
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Victor Kuete
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128, Mainz, Germany; Institute of Biochemistry, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Mona Dawood
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Mohamed Elbadawi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Yoshikazu Sugimoto
- Division of Chemotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 7 Chome-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyō, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128, Mainz, Germany.
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Singh YP, Girisa S, Banik K, Ghosh S, Swathi P, Deka M, Padmavathi G, Kotoky J, Sethi G, Fan L, Mao X, Halim CE, Arfuso F, Kunnumakkara AB. Potential application of zerumbone in the prevention and therapy of chronic human diseases. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
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Koushki M, Amiri‐Dashatan N, Ahmadi N, Abbaszadeh H, Rezaei‐Tavirani M. Resveratrol: A miraculous natural compound for diseases treatment. Food Sci Nutr 2018; 6:2473-2490. [PMID: 30510749 PMCID: PMC6261232 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol (3, 5, 4'-trihydroxystilbene) is a nonflavonoid polyphenol that naturally occurs as phytoalexin. It is produced by plant sources such as grapes, apples, blueberries, plums, and peanut. This compound has critical roles in human health and is well known for its diverse biological activities such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Nowadays, due to rising incidence of different diseases such as cancer and diabetes, efforts to find novel and effective disease-protective agents have led to the identification of plant-derived compounds such as resveratrol. Furthermore, several in vitro and in vivo studies have revealed the effectiveness of resveratrol in various diseases such as diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, obesity, inflammatory, neurodegenerative, and age-related diseases. This review presents an overview of currently available studies on preventive properties and essential molecular mechanisms involved in various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Koushki
- Department of BiochemistryFaculty of MedicineTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Nasrin Amiri‐Dashatan
- Student Research CommitteeProteomics Research CenterShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Nayebali Ahmadi
- Proteomics Research CenterFaculty of Paramedical SciencesShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | | | - Mostafa Rezaei‐Tavirani
- Proteomics Research CenterFaculty of Paramedical SciencesShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
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Liang Y, Sasaki I, Takeda Y, Zhu B, Munemasa S, Nakamura T, Murata Y, Nakamura Y. Benzyl isothiocyanate ameliorates lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes during adipocyte differentiation. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2018; 82:2130-2139. [PMID: 30185113 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2018.1514247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC) is an organosulfur compound derived from cruciferous vegetables and papaya seeds. In this study, we investigated the effect of BITC on the lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes during adipocyte differentiation. The treatment of BITC during the differentiation-inducing stage significantly ameliorated the lipid accumulation, whereas it had no inhibitory effect during the differentiation-maintaining stage. BITC also significantly suppressed the mRNA expression of the adipocyte-specific markers, such as CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α (C/EBPα), C/EBPβ, C/EBPδ and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ. BITC significantly inhibited the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase phosphorylation, whereas it enhanced that of AMP-activated protein kinase. Furthermore, BITC significantly suppressed the intracellular 2-deoxyglucose uptake as well as glucose transporter 4 expression. These results suggest that inhibition of the adipocyte differentiation and glucose uptake may mainly contribute to the inhibitory effect of BITC on the lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Abbreviations: PPARγ: peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ; CEBP: CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein; GLUT4: glucose transporter 4; AMPK: AMP-activated protein kinase; ERK1/2: extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2; MAPK: a mitogen-activated protein kinase; ITCs: isothiocyanates; BITC: benzyl isothiocyanate; FBS: fetal bovine serum; CS: calf serum; AITC: allyl ITC; IBMX: 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine; LDH: lactate dehydrogenase; KRH: Krebs-Ringer-Hepes-bicarbonate; 2-DG: 2-deoxy-d-glucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liang
- a Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science , Okayama University , Okayama Japan.,b School of Food Science and Technology , Dalian Polytechnic University , Dalian China
| | - Ikumi Sasaki
- a Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science , Okayama University , Okayama Japan
| | - Yuki Takeda
- a Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science , Okayama University , Okayama Japan
| | - Beiwei Zhu
- b School of Food Science and Technology , Dalian Polytechnic University , Dalian China
| | - Shintaro Munemasa
- a Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science , Okayama University , Okayama Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Nakamura
- a Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science , Okayama University , Okayama Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Murata
- a Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science , Okayama University , Okayama Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Nakamura
- a Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science , Okayama University , Okayama Japan
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11
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Liu Y, Yamanaka M, Abe-Kanoh N, Liu X, Zhu B, Munemasa S, Nakamura T, Murata Y, Nakamura Y. Benzyl isothiocyanate ameliorates acetaldehyde-induced cytotoxicity by enhancing aldehyde dehydrogenase activity in murine hepatoma Hepa1c1c7 cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 108:305-313. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Revised: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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12
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Rana VS, Ahluwalia V, Shakil NA, Prasad L. Essential oil composition, antifungal, and seedling growth inhibitory effects of zerumbone from Zingiber zerumbet Smith. JOURNAL OF ESSENTIAL OIL RESEARCH 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2016.1261051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Virendra S. Rana
- Division of Agricultural Chemicals, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Vivek Ahluwalia
- Division of Agricultural Chemicals, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Najam A. Shakil
- Division of Agricultural Chemicals, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Lakshman Prasad
- Division of Agricultural Chemicals, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
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Casey SC, Amedei A, Aquilano K, Azmi AS, Benencia F, Bhakta D, Bilsland AE, Boosani CS, Chen S, Ciriolo MR, Crawford S, Fujii H, Georgakilas AG, Guha G, Halicka D, Helferich WG, Heneberg P, Honoki K, Keith WN, Kerkar SP, Mohammed SI, Niccolai E, Nowsheen S, Vasantha Rupasinghe HP, Samadi A, Singh N, Talib WH, Venkateswaran V, Whelan RL, Yang X, Felsher DW. Cancer prevention and therapy through the modulation of the tumor microenvironment. Semin Cancer Biol 2015; 35 Suppl:S199-S223. [PMID: 25865775 PMCID: PMC4930000 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2015.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 251] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Revised: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cancer arises in the context of an in vivo tumor microenvironment. This microenvironment is both a cause and consequence of tumorigenesis. Tumor and host cells co-evolve dynamically through indirect and direct cellular interactions, eliciting multiscale effects on many biological programs, including cellular proliferation, growth, and metabolism, as well as angiogenesis and hypoxia and innate and adaptive immunity. Here we highlight specific biological processes that could be exploited as targets for the prevention and therapy of cancer. Specifically, we describe how inhibition of targets such as cholesterol synthesis and metabolites, reactive oxygen species and hypoxia, macrophage activation and conversion, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase regulation of dendritic cells, vascular endothelial growth factor regulation of angiogenesis, fibrosis inhibition, endoglin, and Janus kinase signaling emerge as examples of important potential nexuses in the regulation of tumorigenesis and the tumor microenvironment that can be targeted. We have also identified therapeutic agents as approaches, in particular natural products such as berberine, resveratrol, onionin A, epigallocatechin gallate, genistein, curcumin, naringenin, desoxyrhapontigenin, piperine, and zerumbone, that may warrant further investigation to target the tumor microenvironment for the treatment and/or prevention of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie C Casey
- Division of Oncology, Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Katia Aquilano
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Asfar S Azmi
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Fabian Benencia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
| | - Dipita Bhakta
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur 613401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Alan E Bilsland
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Chandra S Boosani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Sophie Chen
- Ovarian and Prostate Cancer Research Laboratory, Guildford, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | | | - Sarah Crawford
- Department of Biology, Southern Connecticut State University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Hiromasa Fujii
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Alexandros G Georgakilas
- Physics Department, School of Applied Mathematics and Physical Sciences, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Gunjan Guha
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur 613401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - William G Helferich
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign-Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Petr Heneberg
- Charles University in Prague, Third Faculty of Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Kanya Honoki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - W Nicol Keith
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Sid P Kerkar
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Sulma I Mohammed
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | | | - Somaira Nowsheen
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Mayo Graduate School, Mayo Medical School, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - H P Vasantha Rupasinghe
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | | | - Neetu Singh
- Advanced Molecular Science Research Centre (Centre for Advanced Research), King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Wamidh H Talib
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Applied Science University, Amman, Jordan
| | | | - Richard L Whelan
- Mount Sinai Roosevelt Hospital, Icahn Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York City, NY, United States
| | - Xujuan Yang
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign-Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Dean W Felsher
- Division of Oncology, Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States.
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14
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Banudevi S, Swaminathan S, Maheswari KU. Pleiotropic Role of Dietary Phytochemicals in Cancer: Emerging Perspectives for Combinational Therapy. Nutr Cancer 2015; 67:1021-48. [PMID: 26359767 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2015.1073762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is considered a complicated health issue worldwide. The mean cancer survival through standard therapeutic strategies has not been significantly improved over the past few decades. Hence, alternate remedies are needed to treat or prevent this dreadful disease being explored. Currently, it has been recognized that repeated treatment with chemotherapeutic agents has been largely ineffective due to multidrug resistance and further conventional treatment possesses limited drug accessibility to cancerous tissues, which in turn necessitates a higher dose resulting in increased cytotoxicity. Drug combinations have been practiced to address the problems associated with conventional single drug treatment. Recently, natural dietary agents have attracted much attention in cancer therapy because of their synergistic effects with anticancer drugs against different types of cancer. Natural phytochemicals may execute their anticancer activity through targeting diverse cancer cell signaling pathways, promoting cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, regulating antioxidant status and detoxification. This review focuses mainly on the anticancer efficacy of dietary phytochemicals in combination with standard therapeutic drugs reported from various in vitro and in vivo experimental studies apart from clinical trials. This review adds knowledge to the field of intervention studies using combinational modalities that opens a new window for cancer treatment/chemoprevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivanantham Banudevi
- a Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA University , Tamil Nadu , India
| | - Sethuraman Swaminathan
- a Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA University , Tamil Nadu , India
| | - Krishnan Uma Maheswari
- a Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA University , Tamil Nadu , India
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15
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Yusof KM, Makpol S, Jamal R, Harun R, Mokhtar N, Ngah WZW. γ-Tocotrienol and 6-Gingerol in Combination Synergistically Induce Cytotoxicity and Apoptosis in HT-29 and SW837 Human Colorectal Cancer Cells. Molecules 2015; 20:10280-97. [PMID: 26046324 PMCID: PMC6272690 DOI: 10.3390/molecules200610280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Revised: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous bioactive compounds have cytotoxic properties towards cancer cells. However, most studies have used single compounds when bioactives may target different pathways and exert greater cytotoxic effects when used in combination. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the anti-proliferative effect of γ-tocotrienol (γ-T3) and 6-gingerol (6G) in combination by evaluating apoptosis and active caspase-3 in HT-29 and SW837 colorectal cancer cells. MTS assays were performed to determine the anti-proliferative and cytotoxicity effect of γ-T3 (0–150 µg/mL) and 6G (0–300 µg/mL) on the cells. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 6G+ γ-T3 for HT-29 was 105 + 67 µg/mL and for SW837 it was 70 + 20 µg/mL. Apoptosis, active caspase-3 and annexin V FITC assays were performed after 24 h of treatment using flow cytometry. These bioactives in combination showed synergistic effect on HT-29 (CI: 0.89 ± 0.02,) and SW837 (CI: 0.79 ± 0.10) apoptosis was increased by 21.2% in HT-29 and 55.4% in SW837 (p < 0.05) after 24 h treatment, while normal hepatic WRL-68 cells were unaffected. Increased apoptosis by the combined treatments was also observed morphologically, with effects like cell shrinkage and pyknosis. In conclusion, although further studies need to be done, γ-T3 and 6G when used in combination act synergistically increasing cytotoxicity and apoptosis in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khairunnisa' Md Yusof
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), UKM Medical Center, Jalan Ya'acob Latiff, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras 56000, Malaysia.
| | - Suzana Makpol
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Ya'acob Latiff, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras 56000, Malaysia.
| | - Rahman Jamal
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), UKM Medical Center, Jalan Ya'acob Latiff, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras 56000, Malaysia.
| | - Roslan Harun
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), UKM Medical Center, Jalan Ya'acob Latiff, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras 56000, Malaysia.
| | - Norfilza Mokhtar
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), UKM Medical Center, Jalan Ya'acob Latiff, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras 56000, Malaysia.
| | - Wan Zurinah Wan Ngah
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), UKM Medical Center, Jalan Ya'acob Latiff, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras 56000, Malaysia.
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Ya'acob Latiff, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras 56000, Malaysia.
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16
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Zamani Taghizadeh Rabe S, Iranshahi M, Mahmoudi M. In vitro anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties of umbelliprenin and methyl galbanate. J Immunotoxicol 2015; 13:209-16. [DOI: 10.3109/1547691x.2015.1043606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mehrdad Iranshahi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran
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17
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Jia Y, Zheng Z, Wang Y, Zhou Q, Cai W, Jia W, Yang L, Dong M, Zhu X, Su L, Hu D. SIRT1 is a regulator in high glucose-induced inflammatory response in RAW264.7 cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0120849. [PMID: 25793995 PMCID: PMC4368832 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0120849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is defined as a systemic inflammatory response syndrome that disorders the functions of host immune system, including the imbalance between pro- and anti-inflammatory responses mediated by immune macrophages. Sepsis could also induce acute hyperglycemia. Studies have shown that the silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (SIRT1), an NAD+-dependent deacetylase, mediates NF-κb deacetylation and inhibits its function. Therefore, SIRT1 is likely to play an important role in high glucose-mediated inflammatory signalings. Here we demonstrate that high glucose significantly downregulates both the mRNA and protein levels of SIRT1 and upregulates the mRNA level and the release of two pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL-1β and TNF-α, in RAW264.7 macrophages. Interestingly, the reduced level of SIRT1 by high glucose is remarkably upregulated by SIRT1 activator SRT1720, while the level and the release of IL-1β and TNF-α significantly decrease with the use of SRT1720. However, when the function of SIRT1 is inhibited by EX527 or its expression is suppressed by RNAi, the upregulated level and release of IL-1β and TNF-α by high glucose are further increased. Taken together, these findings collectively suggest that SIRT1 is an important regulator in many high glucose-related inflammatory diseases such as sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhui Jia
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhao Zheng
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yunchuan Wang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qin Zhou
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Weixia Cai
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenbin Jia
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Longlong Yang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Maolong Dong
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiongxiang Zhu
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Linlin Su
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- * E-mail: (LS); (DH)
| | - Dahai Hu
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- * E-mail: (LS); (DH)
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18
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Nuclear factor-kappaB sensitizes to benzyl isothiocyanate-induced antiproliferation in p53-deficient colorectal cancer cells. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1534. [PMID: 25412312 PMCID: PMC4260753 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Revised: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC), a dietary isothiocyanate derived from cruciferous vegetables, inhibits the proliferation of colorectal cancer cells, most of which overexpress β-catenin as a result of mutations in the genes for adenomatous polyposis coli or mutations in β-catenin itself. Because nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) is a plausible target of BITC signaling in inflammatory cell models, we hypothesized that it is also involved in BITC-inhibited proliferation of colorectal cancer cells. siRNA-mediated knockdown of the NF-κB p65 subunit significantly decreased the BITC sensitivity of human colorectal cancer HT-29 cells with mutated p53 tumor suppressor protein. Treating HT-29 cells with BITC induced the phosphorylation of IκB kinase, IκB-α and p65, the degradation of IκB-α, the translocation of p65 to the nucleus and the upregulation of NF-κB transcriptional activity. BITC also decreased β-catenin binding to a positive cis element of the cyclin D1 promoter and thus inhibited β-catenin-dependent cyclin D1 transcription, possibly through a direct interaction between p65 and β-catenin. siRNA-mediated knockdown of p65 confirmed that p65 negatively affects cyclin D1 expression. On the other hand, when human colorectal cancer HCT-116 cells with wild-type p53 were treated with BITC, translocation of p65 to the nucleus was inhibited rather than enhanced. p53 knockout increased the BITC sensitivity of HCT-116 cells in a p65-dependent manner, suggesting that p53 negatively regulates p65-dependent effects. Together, these results identify BITC as a novel type of antiproliferative agent that regulates the NF-κB pathway in p53-deficient colorectal cancer cells.
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19
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Nakamura M, Suzuki T, Takagi M, Tamura H, Masuda T. Stimulation of Phosphorylation of ERK and CREB by Phellopterin and Auraptene Isolated from Citrus junos. Nat Prod Commun 2014. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1400901021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioactive compounds from citrus fruits contribute many benefits to human health. Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling plays an important role in the regulation of multiple cellular processes. Activation of the ERK-cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) signaling is required for long-term memory formation. In this study, auraptene, phellopterin, thymol, coniferyl alcohol 9-methyl ether and methyl ferulate were isolated from Citrus junos. Among the five compounds isolated, auraptene and phellopterin increased the phosphorylation of ERK and CREB. This study provides, to our knowledge, the first evidence that phellopterin potently stimulates the phosphorylation of ERK and CREB. Phellopterin could be a novel neuroprotective agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuhiro Nakamura
- Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, University of Tokushima, Tokushima 770–8502, Japan
| | - Tomoko Suzuki
- Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, University of Tokushima, Tokushima 770–8502, Japan
| | - Mai Takagi
- Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, University of Tokushima, Tokushima 770–8502, Japan
| | - Hirotoshi Tamura
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Kagawa University, 2393, Miki-cho, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan
| | - Toshiya Masuda
- Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, University of Tokushima, Tokushima 770–8502, Japan
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20
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Abstract
Resveratrol is a naturally occurring polyphenol that provides a number of anti-aging health benefits including improved metabolism, cardioprotection, and cancer prevention. Much of the work on resveratrol and cancer comes from in vitro studies looking at resveratrol actions on cancer cells and pathways. There are, however, comparatively fewer studies that have investigated resveratrol treatment and cancer outcomes in vivo, perhaps limited by its poor bioavailability when taken orally. Although research in cell culture has shown promising and positive effects of resveratrol, evidence from rodents and humans is inconsistent. This review highlights the in vivo effects of resveratrol treatment on breast, colorectal, liver, pancreatic, and prostate cancers. Resveratrol supplementation in animal models of cancer has shown positive, neutral as well as negative outcomes depending on resveratrol route of administration, dose, tumor model, species, and other factors. Within a specific cancer type, there is variability between studies with respect to strain, age, and sex of animal used, timing and method of resveratrol supplementation, and dose of resveratrol used to study cancer endpoints. Together, the data suggest that many factors need to be considered before resveratrol can be used for human cancer prevention or therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John A D'Orazio
- Department of PediatricsGraduate Center for Toxicology, Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky College of MedicineLexington, Kentucky, 40536-0096USA
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21
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Characterization of Constituents in the Peel ofCitrus kawachiensis(Kawachibankan). Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014; 77:1977-80. [DOI: 10.1271/bbb.130324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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22
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Electrophiles in Foods: The Current Status of Isothiocyanates and Their Chemical Biology. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014; 74:242-55. [DOI: 10.1271/bbb.90731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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23
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Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Auraptene Extracted from Trifoliate Orange (Poncirus Trifoliate) on LPS-Stimulated RAW 264.7 Cells. Inflammation 2013; 36:1525-32. [DOI: 10.1007/s10753-013-9695-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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24
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Lin S, Hirai S, Goto T, Sakamoto T, Takahashi N, Yano M, Sasaki T, Yu R, Kawada T. Auraptene suppresses inflammatory responses in activated RAW264 macrophages by inhibiting p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase activation. Mol Nutr Food Res 2013; 57:1135-44. [PMID: 23495198 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201200611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2012] [Revised: 11/25/2012] [Accepted: 01/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Inflammation plays a key role in obesity-related pathologies such as insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Hypertrophied adipocytes trigger the enhancement of macrophage infiltration and the release of various proinflammatory factors in obese adipose tissue. In this study, we examined whether auraptene, a citrus-fruit-derived compound, could suppress the production of inflammatory factors that mediate the interaction between adipocytes and macrophages. METHODS AND RESULTS Experiments using a co-culture system of 3T3-L1 adipocytes and RAW264 macrophages showed that auraptene reduced the production of nitric oxide and tumor necrosis factor-α. In RAW264 macrophages, auraptene also suppressed the inflammation induced by either LPS or the conditioned medium derived from 3T3-L1 adipocytes. In addition, auraptene inhibited the phosphorylation of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and suppressed the production of proinflammatory mediators in activated macrophages. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that auraptene exhibits anti-inflammatory properties by suppressing the production of inflammatory factors that mediate the interaction between adipocytes and macrophages, suggesting that auraptene is a valuable food-derived compound with a potential to attenuate chronic inflammation in adipose tissue and to improve obesity-related insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Lin
- Laboratory of Molecular Function of Food, Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, Japan
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25
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The flavonoid chrysin attenuates colorectal pathological remodeling reducing the number and severity of pre-neoplastic lesions in rats exposed to the carcinogen 1,2-dimethylhydrazine. Cell Tissue Res 2013; 352:327-39. [PMID: 23468207 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-013-1562-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2012] [Accepted: 01/07/2013] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Phenolic compounds are naturally occurring, bioactive substances with marked antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential. The flavonoid chrysin, found in high levels in honey bee propolis, inhibits the activity of enzymes involved in carcinogenesis. We have investigated the effect of chrysin on pre-neoplastic colorectal lesions (ACF, aberrant crypt foci) in a rat model of chemical carcinogenesis induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH). Female Wistar rats weighing 137.2 ± 24.3 g received weekly one subcutaneous injection of DMH (20 mg/kg) for 10 weeks. The animals were divided into five groups each with seven animals: Group 1, 0.9% saline; Group 2, DMH+0.9% saline; Group 3, DMH+chrysin (10 mg/kg); Group 4, DMH+chrysin (100 mg/kg); Group 5, DMH+chrysin (200 mg/kg). Groups 2 and 3 showed a significant increase in ACF number, nucleolus organizer regions per enterocyte nucleus and nitrite/nitrate serum levels compared with Group 1. Groups 4 and 5 presented a significant reduction in all these parameters compared with Group 2. The levels of antioxidant minerals (copper, magnesium, selenium, zinc) and the number of enteroendocrine and mucin-producing cells were significantly reduced in Groups 2 and 3 but were similar in Groups 4 and 5 compared with Group 1. Chrysin, at 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg, was effective in attenuating pathological colorectal remodeling, reducing the number of pre-neoplastic lesions in rats exposed to DMH. Some of these effects might be attributable to the recovery of antioxidant mineral levels, a reduction in systemic nitrosative stress and an inhibition of the cellular proliferation induced by this flavonoid.
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Lee YS, Cha BY, Choi SS, Choi BK, Yonezawa T, Teruya T, Nagai K, Woo JT. Nobiletin improves obesity and insulin resistance in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. J Nutr Biochem 2013; 24:156-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2012.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2011] [Revised: 03/12/2012] [Accepted: 03/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Nishimoto S, Muranaka A, Nishi K, Kadota A, Sugahara T. Immunomodulatory effects of citrus fruit auraptene in vitro and in vivo. J Funct Foods 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2012.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Rana VS, Verdeguer M, Blazquez MA. Chemical Composition of the Essential Oil of Zingiber Zerumbet Var. Darcyi. Nat Prod Commun 2012. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1200701031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemical composition of essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation method from the rhizomes of Z. zerumbet var. darcyi was determined by GC and GC-MS. Thirty-three compounds, accounting for 93.6% of the oil were identified including twenty compounds in minor (0.1-0.6%) and eight in trace (<0.05%) amounts. The main compounds were zerumbone (69.9%) α-humulene (12.9%), humulene epoxide II (2.5%), caryophyllene oxide (1.1%) and camphene (1.9%). In this analysis, it has been found that the variety could be used as an additional new source of natural zerumbone besides Zingiber zerumbet. This is a first report on the analysis of Z. zerumbet var. darcyi oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virendra S. Rana
- Natural Product Chemistry Lab, Medicinal Plants and Horticultural Resources Division, Institute of Bioresources of Sustainable Development, Imphal, Manipur, India
| | - Mercedes Verdeguer
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Maria A. Blazquez
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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29
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Baek SH, Kim SM, Nam D, Lee JH, Ahn KS, Choi SH, Kim SH, Shim BS, Chang IM, Ahn KS. Antimetastatic effect of nobiletin through the down-regulation of CXC chemokine receptor type 4 and matrix metallopeptidase-9. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2012; 50:1210-1218. [PMID: 22853317 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2012.664151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Nobiletin is one of the citrus bioflavonoids and can be found in citrus fruits such as lemons, oranges, tangerines, and grapefruits. The most studied properties of nobiletin are its anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities. OBJECTIVE The exact mechanisms of how nobiletin inhibits tumor metastasis and invasion are still not fully understood. In this study, we screened various natural compounds to down-modulate the CXC chemokine receptor-4 (CXCR4) and matrix metallopeptidase-9 (MMP-9). MATERIALS AND METHODS The effect of nobiletin on the constitutive expressions of CXCR4 and MMP-9, MMP-9 enzymatic activity, associated nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) activation, and tumor cell invasion in human breast cancer cells was investigated. CXCR4 and MMP-9 expression were evaluated via reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blotting. NF-κB activation was also evaluated by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). In addition, the antimetastatic effects of nobiletin were determined by gelatin zymography and invasion assay. RESULTS Nobiletin down-regulated both the constitutive expressions of CXCR4 and MMP-9 in human breast cancer cells with IC(50) values of 32 and 24 µM, respectively. Nobiletin also suppressed MMP-9 enzymatic activity and tumor cell invasion under noncytotoxic concentrations. Neither proteasome inhibition nor lysosomal stabilization had any effect on the nobiletin-induced decrease in CXCR4 expression. A detailed study of the underlying molecular mechanisms revealed that the regulation of the down-regulation of CXCR4 and MMP-9 were at the transcriptional level, as indicated by the down-regulation of mRNA expression and the suppression of the constitutive NF-κB and MAPKs activation. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Our results indicate, for the first time, that nobiletin is a novel blocker of CXCR4 and MMP-9 expressions and thus has the potential to suppress metastasis of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Ho Baek
- Department of Oriental Medicine, College of Oriental Medicine and Institute of Oriental Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Zong Y, Sun L, Liu B, Deng YS, Zhan D, Chen YL, He Y, Liu J, Zhang ZJ, Sun J, Lu D. Resveratrol inhibits LPS-induced MAPKs activation via activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathway in murine RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. PLoS One 2012; 7:e44107. [PMID: 22952890 PMCID: PMC3432093 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0044107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2012] [Accepted: 07/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Resveratrol is a natural polyphenolic compound that has cardioprotective, anticancer and anti-inflammatory properties. We investigated the capacity of resveratrol to protect RAW 264.7 cells from inflammatory insults and explored mechanisms underlying inhibitory effects of resveratrol on RAW 264.7 cells. Methodology/Principal Findings Murine RAW 264.7 cells were treated with resveratrol (1, 5, and 10 µM) and/or LPS (5 µg/ml). Nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) were measured by Griess reagent and ELISA. The mRNA and protein levels of proinflammatory proteins and cytokines were analysed by ELISA, RT-PCR and double immunofluorescence labeling, respectively. Phosphorylation levels of Akt, cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein (CREB), mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) cascades, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and expression of SIRT1(Silent information regulator T1) were measured by western blot. Wortmannin (1 µM), a specific phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-K) inhibitor, was used to determine if PI3-K/Akt signaling pathway might be involved in resveratrol’s action on RAW 264.7 cells. Resveratrol significantly attenuated the LPS-induced expression of nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in RAW 264.7 cells. Resveratrol increased Akt phosphorylation in a time-dependent manner. Wortmannin, a specific phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-K) inhibitor, blocked the effects of resveratrol on LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells activation. In addition, PI3-K inhibition partially abolished the inhibitory effect of resveratrol on the phosphorylation of cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein (CREB) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) cascades. Meanwhile, PI3-K is essential for resveratrol-mediated phosphorylation of AMPK and expression of SIRT1. Conclusion and Implications This investigation demonstrates that PI3-K/Akt activation is an important signaling in resveratrol-mediated activation of AMPK phosphorylation and SIRT1 expression, and inhibition of phosphorylation of CREB and MAPKs activation, proinflammatory mediators and cytokines production in response to LPS in RAW 264.7 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zong
- Department of Anatomy, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lin Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi-Shu Deng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Third People’s of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dong Zhan
- Department of Anatomy, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Li Chen
- Department of Anatomy, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying He
- Department of Anatomy, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Pathology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zong-Ji Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail: (DL); (JS); (ZJZ)
| | - Jun Sun
- Department of Anatomy, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail: (DL); (JS); (ZJZ)
| | - Di Lu
- Department of Anatomy, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail: (DL); (JS); (ZJZ)
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Švajger U, Jeras M. Anti-inflammatory Effects of Resveratrol and Its Potential Use in Therapy of Immune-mediated Diseases. Int Rev Immunol 2012; 31:202-22. [DOI: 10.3109/08830185.2012.665108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Furukawa Y, Watanabe S, Okuyama S, Nakajima M. Neurotrophic effect of citrus auraptene: neuritogenic activity in PC12 cells. Int J Mol Sci 2012; 13:5338-5347. [PMID: 22754300 PMCID: PMC3382769 DOI: 10.3390/ijms13055338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2012] [Revised: 04/09/2012] [Accepted: 04/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) leads to a number of cellular changes associated with the development of long-term memory. Using cultured cortical neurons, we previously showed that the n-hexane extract prepared from the peels of Citrus grandis (Kawachi bankan) induces the activation of ERK1/2 and that one of the compounds with this ability in the extract is 3,5,6,7,8,3′,4′-heptamethoxyflavone (HMF), a Citrus polymethoxyflavone. In fact, we found that HMF has the ability to rescue mice from drug-induced learning impairment. This hexane extract contains auraptene (AUR), a coumarin derivative with a monoterpene unit, together with HMF. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of AUR in vitro. Our results show that 1) AUR had the ability to induce the activation of ERK1/2 in not only cortical neurons but also the rat pheochromocytoma cell line (PC12 cells), which is a model system for studies on neuronal proliferation and differentiation; and 2) AUR had the ability to promote neurite outgrowth from PC12 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiko Furukawa
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +81-89-925-7111; Fax: +81-89-926-7162
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Ma ZH, Ma QY, Wang LC, Sha HC, Wu SL, Zhang M. Effect of Resveratrol on NF-κB Activity in Rat Peritoneal Macrophages. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2012; 34:623-30. [PMID: 16883633 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x06004156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study was to investigate the inhibitive effect of resveratrol (RESV) on nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) expression and activity induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in rat peritoneal macrophages (PMA). Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into 7 groups, including control group, LPS group and RESV I-V group. In the LPS group, PMA were incubated in DMEM containing LPS (10 μg/ml), whereas in control group, PMA were incubated in DMEM only. In the RESV I-V groups, PMA were incubated in DMEM containing LPS (10 μg/ml) and different concentrations of RESV. After 24 hours of incubation, NF-κB activity in PMA, and the levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 (IL-1) and nitric oxide (NO) in the culture medium were measured. In the concentrations of 1.25-5 μg/ml, RESV had a dose- dependent inhibitive effect on NF-κB activity in PMA as well as the expressions of TNF-α, IL-1 and NO in the culture medium contrasted with the LPS group. There was no significant difference in the levels of these pro-inflammatory factors between the groups of 5 μg/ml and 10 μg/ml RESV. In conclusion, RESV has the potential for the future application of preventing inflammatory diseases involving PMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Hua Ma
- Division of General Surgery of First Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China.
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Zerumbone attenuates the severity of acute necrotizing pancreatitis and pancreatitis-induced hepatic injury. Mediators Inflamm 2012; 2012:156507. [PMID: 22529518 PMCID: PMC3317088 DOI: 10.1155/2012/156507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2011] [Revised: 11/11/2011] [Accepted: 12/10/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper investigated the potential effects of zerumbone pretreatment on an acute necrotizing pancreatitis rat model induced by sodium taurocholate. The pancreatitis injury was evaluated by serum AMY, sPLA2, and pancreatic pathological score. Pancreatitis-induced hepatic injury was measured by ALT, AST, and hepatic histopathology. The expression of I-κBα and NF-κB protein was evaluated by western blot and immunohistochemistry assay while ICAM-1 and IL-1β mRNA were examined by RT-PCR. The results showed that AMY, sPLA2, ALT, and AST levels and histopathological assay of pancreatic and hepatic tissues were significantly reduced following administration of zerumbone. Applying zerumbone also has been shown to inhibit NF-κB protein and downregulation of ICAM-1 and IL-1β mRNA. The present paper suggests that treatment of zerumbone on rat attenuates the severity of acute necrotizing pancreatitis and pancreatitis-induced hepatic injury, via inhibiting NF-κB activation and downregulating the expression of ICAM-1 and IL-1β.
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Isolation and characterization of activators of ERK/MAPK from citrus plants. Int J Mol Sci 2012; 13:1832-1845. [PMID: 22408427 PMCID: PMC3291996 DOI: 10.3390/ijms13021832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2012] [Revised: 01/24/2012] [Accepted: 01/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2), components of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling cascade, have been recently shown to be involved in synaptic plasticity and in the development of long-term memory in the central nervous system (CNS). We therefore examined the ability of Citrus compounds to activate ERK1/2 in cultured rat cortical neurons, whose activation might have a protective effect against neurodegenerative neurological disorders. Among the samples tested, extracts prepared from the peels of Citrus grandis (Kawachi bankan) were found to have the greatest ability to activate ERK1/2. The active substances were isolated by chromatographic separation, and one of them was identified to be 3,5,6,7,8,3',4'-heptamethoxyflavone (HMF). HMF significantly induced the phosphorylation of cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB), a downstream target of activated ERK1/2, which appears to be a critical step in the signaling cascade for the structural changes underlying the development of long-term potentiation (LTP). In addition, the administration of HMF into mice treated with NMDA receptor antagonist MK-801 restored the MK-801-induced deterioration of spatial learning performance in the Morris mater-maze task. Taken together, these results suggest that HMF is a neurotrophic agent for treating patients with memory disorders.
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Anti-inflammatory effects of resveratrol occur via inhibition of lipopolysaccharide-induced NF-κB activation in Caco-2 and SW480 human colon cancer cells. Br J Nutr 2012; 108:1623-32. [PMID: 22251620 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114511007227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Resveratrol, a polyphenol abundantly found in grapes and red wine, exhibits beneficial health effects due to its anti-inflammatory properties. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of resveratrol on inflammatory responses induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment of human intestinal Caco-2 and SW480 cell lines. In the LPS-treated intestinal cells, resveratrol dose-dependently inhibited the expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) mRNA as well as protein expression, resulting in a decreased production of NO. In addition, Toll-like receptor-4 expression was significantly diminished in LPS-stimulated cells after resveratrol pre-treatment. To investigate the mechanisms by which resveratrol reduces NO production and iNOS expression, we examined the activation of inhibitor of κB (IκB) in LPS-stimulated intestinal cells. Results demonstrated that resveratrol inhibited the phosphorylation, as well as the degradation, of the IκB complex. Overall, these results show that resveratrol is able to reduce LPS-induced inflammatory responses by intestinal cells, interfering with the activation of NF-κB-dependent molecular mechanisms.
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Fimognari C, Turrini E, Ferruzzi L, Lenzi M, Hrelia P. Natural isothiocyanates: genotoxic potential versus chemoprevention. Mutat Res 2011; 750:107-131. [PMID: 22178957 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2011.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2011] [Revised: 12/01/2011] [Accepted: 12/02/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Isothiocyanates, occurring in many dietary cruciferous vegetables, show interesting chemopreventive activities against several chronic-degenerative diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegeneration, diabetes. The electrophilic carbon residue in the isothiocyanate moiety reacts with biological nucleophiles and modification of proteins is recognized as a key mechanism underlying the biological activity of isothiocyanates. The nuclear factor-erythroid-2-related factor 2 system, which orchestrates the expression of a wide array of antioxidant genes, plays a role in the protective effect of isothiocyanates against almost all the pathological conditions reported above. Recent emerging findings suggest a further common mechanism. Chronic inflammation plays a central role in many human diseases and isothiocyanates inhibit the activity of many inflammation components, suppress cyclooxygenase 2, and irreversibly inactivate the macrophage migration inhibitory factor. Due to their electrophilic reactivity, some isothiocyanates are able to form adducts with DNA and induce gene mutations and chromosomal aberrations. DNA damage has been demonstrated to be involved in the pathogenesis of various chronic-degenerative diseases of epidemiological relevance. Thus, the genotoxicity of the isothiocyanates should be carefully considered. In addition, the dose-response relationship for genotoxic compounds does not suggest evidence of a threshold. Thus, chemicals that are genotoxic pose a greater potential risk to humans than non-genotoxic compounds. Dietary consumption levels of isothiocyanates appear to be several orders of magnitude lower than the doses used in the genotoxicity studies and thus it is highly unlikely that such toxicities would occur in humans. However, the beneficial properties of isothiocyanates stimulated an increase of dietary supplements and functional foods with highly enriched isothiocyanate concentrations on the market. Whether such concentrations may exert a potential health risk cannot be excluded with certainty and an accurate evaluation of the toxicological profile of isothiocyanates should be prompted before any major increase in their consumption be recommended or their clinical use suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmela Fimognari
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Bologna, via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Eleonora Turrini
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Bologna, via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Ferruzzi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Bologna, via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Monia Lenzi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Bologna, via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Patrizia Hrelia
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Bologna, via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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Tan AC, Hou DX, Konczak I, Tanigawa S, Ramzan I, Sze DMY. Native Australian fruit polyphenols inhibit COX-2 and iNOS expression in LPS-activated murine macrophages. Food Res Int 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2010.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Effects of selected food phytochemicals in reducing the toxic actions of TCDD and p,p'-DDT in U937 macrophages. Arch Toxicol 2010; 84:957-66. [PMID: 20865247 PMCID: PMC2991151 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-010-0592-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2010] [Accepted: 09/08/2010] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
To assess the effectiveness of selected food phytochemicals in reducing the toxic effects of the environmental toxicants, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and p,p′-DDT (DDT), we tested the potencies of auraptene, nobiletin, zerumbone, and (±)-13-hydroxy-10-oxo-trans-11-octadecenoic acid (13-HOA) in reversing the inflammatory action of these toxicants in U937 human macrophages. Using quantitative RT–PCR as the initial screening assay, we identified antagonistic actions of zerumbone and auraptene against the action of TCDD and DDT in up-regulating the mRNA expressions of COX-2 and VEGF. The functional significance of the inhibitory action of zerumbone on COX-2 expression was confirmed by demonstrating its suppression of TCDD-induced activation of COX-2 gene expression in mouse MMDD1 cells. We tested auraptene on DDT-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation in U937 macrophages and found that auraptene is a powerful agent antagonizing this action of DDT. To confirm the significance of these actions of zerumbone and auraptene at the cellular level, we assessed their influence on TCDD-induced apoptosis resistance in intact U937 macrophages and found that they are capable of reversing this action of TCDD. In conclusion, zerumbone and auraptene were identified to be the most effective agents in protecting U937 macrophages from developing these cell toxic effects of TCDD and DDT.
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Taha MME, Abdul AB, Abdullah R, Ibrahim TAT, Abdelwahab SI, Mohan S. Potential chemoprevention of diethylnitrosamine-initiated and 2-acetylaminofluorene-promoted hepatocarcinogenesis by zerumbone from the rhizomes of the subtropical ginger (Zingiber zerumbet). Chem Biol Interact 2010; 186:295-305. [PMID: 20452335 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2010.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2009] [Revised: 04/27/2010] [Accepted: 04/28/2010] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Zerumbone (ZER), a monosesquiterpene found in the subtropical ginger (Zingiber zerumbet Smith), possesses antiproliferative properties to several cancer cells lines, including the cervical, skin and colon cancers. In this study, the antitumourigenic effects of ZER were assessed in rats induced to develop liver cancer with a single intraperitoneal injection of diethylnitrosamine (DEN, 200 mg/kg) and dietary 2-acetylaminofluorene (AAF) (0.02%). The rats also received intraperitoneal ZER injections at 15, 30 or 60 mg/kg body wt. twice a week for 11 weeks, beginning week four post-DEN injection. The hepatocytes of positive control (DEN/AAF) rats were smaller with larger hyperchromatic nuclei than normal, showing cytoplasmic granulation and intracytoplasmic violaceous material, which were characteristics of hepatocarcinogenesis. Histopathological evaluations showed that ZER protects the rat liver from the carcinogenic effects of DEN and AAF. Serum alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (AP) and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) were significantly lower (P<0.05) in ZER-treated than untreated rats with liver cancer. The liver malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations significantly (P<0.05) increased in the untreated DEN/AAF rats indicating hepatic lipid peroxidation. There was also significant (P<0.05) reduction in the hepatic tissue glutathione (GSH) concentrations. The liver sections of untreated DEN/AAF rats also showed abundant proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), while in ZER-treated rats the expression of this antigen was significantly (P<0.05) lowered. By the TUNEL assay, there were significantly (P<0.05) higher numbers of apoptotic cells in DEN/AAF rats treated with ZER than those untreated. Zerumbone treatment had also increased Bax and decreased Bcl-2 protein expression in the livers of DEN/AAF rats, which suggested increased apoptosis. Even after 11 weeks of ZER treatment, there was no evidence of abnormality in the liver of normal rats. This study suggests that ZER reduces oxidative stress, inhibits proliferation, induces mitochondria-regulated apoptosis, thus minimising DEN/AAF-induced carcinogenesis in rat liver. Therefore, ZER has great potential in the treatment of liver cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manal Mohamed Elhassan Taha
- UPM-MAKNA Cancer Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Lee HJ, Oh TH, Yoon WJ, Kang GJ, Yang EJ, Park SS, Lee NH, Kang HK, Yoo ES. Eutigoside C inhibits the production of inflammatory mediators (NO, PGE2, IL-6) by down-regulating NF-κB and MAP kinase activity in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. J Pharm Pharmacol 2010; 60:917-24. [DOI: 10.1211/jpp.60.7.0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Eutigoside C, a compound isolated from the leaves of Eurya emarginata, is thought to be an active anti-inflammatory compound which operates through an unknown mechanism. In the present study we investigated the molecular mechanisms of eutigoside C activity in lipopolysacchardide (LPS)-stimulated murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. Treatment with eutigoside C inhibited LPS-stimulated production of nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). To further elucidate the mechanism of this inhibitory effect of eutigoside C, we studied LPS-induced nuclear factor (NF)-κB activation and mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase phosphorylation. Eutigoside C suppressed NF-κB DNA binding activity, interfering with nuclear translocation of NF-κB. Eutigoside C suppressed the phosphorylation of three MAP kinases (ERK1/2, JNK and p38). These results suggest that eutigoside C inhibits the production of inflammatory mediators (NO, PGE2 and interleukin-6) by suppressing the activation and translocation of NF-κB and the phosphorylation of MAP kinases (ERK1/2, JNK and p38) in LPS-stimulated murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Ja Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Cheju National University, Jeju 690-756, South Korea
| | - Tae-Heon Oh
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Science, Cheju National University, Jeju 690-756, South Korea
| | - Weon-Jong Yoon
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Cheju National University, Jeju 690-756, South Korea
| | - Gyeoung-Jin Kang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Cheju National University, Jeju 690-756, South Korea
| | - Eun-Jin Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Cheju National University, Jeju 690-756, South Korea
| | - Sun-Soon Park
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Cheju National University, Jeju 690-756, South Korea
| | - Nam-Ho Lee
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Science, Cheju National University, Jeju 690-756, South Korea
| | - Hee-Kyoung Kang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Cheju National University, Jeju 690-756, South Korea
| | - Eun-Sook Yoo
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Cheju National University, Jeju 690-756, South Korea
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Valles SL, Dolz-Gaiton P, Gambini J, Borras C, LLoret A, Pallardo FV, Viña J. Estradiol or genistein prevent Alzheimer's disease-associated inflammation correlating with an increase PPARγ expression in cultured astrocytes. Brain Res 2010; 1312:138-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2009.11.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2009] [Revised: 11/12/2009] [Accepted: 11/19/2009] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Matsui T, Ito C, Itoigawa M, Okada T, Furukawa H. Effect of natsudaidain isolated from Citrus plants on TNF-α and cyclooxygenase-2 expression in RBL-2H3 cells. J Pharm Pharmacol 2010. [DOI: 10.1211/jpp.61.01.0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Flavonoids inhibit the activity of chemical mediators released from mast cells. Our aim was to investigate the effects of natsudaidain, a polymethoxyflavone isolated from Citrus plants, on mast cells.
Methods
We investigated the inhibitory effects of natsudaidain, which is a polymethoxy-flavone isolated from Citrus plants, on histamine release, tumour necrosis factor-α production and cyclooxygenase-2 expression in Ca ionophore-stimulated rat basophilic leukemia cells (A23187-stimulated RBL-2H3 cells) by spectrofluorometric, ELISA and immunoblotting methods.
Key findings
The percent of histamine release from A23187-stimulated RBL-2H3 cells pretreated with natsudaidain at 5, 25 and 50 μM was not changed as compared with non-treated A23187-stimulated cells. At 100 and 200 μM, natsudaidain pretreatment resulted in slightly reduced histamine release (% histamine release, 89.8 ± 3.5% and 71.5 ± 5.6% at 100 and 200 μM). Thus, natsudaidain hardly affects histamine release from RBL-2H3 cells, except at high concentrations. On the other hand, natsudaidain dose-dependently inhibited tumour necrosis factor-α protein and mRNA levels in A23187-stimulated RBL-2H3 cells; a concentration of 6.8 μM was required for a 50% reduction. In addition, all concentrations of this compound that we tested also inhibited cyclooxygenase-2 protein expression. The mRNA levels of cyclooxygenase-2 in A23187-stimulated RBL-2H3 cells treated with natsudaidain were also markedly decreased. The phosphorylated-p38 MAPK protein levels in A23187-stimulated RBL-2H3 cells treated with natsudaidain were lower than in the non-treated cells.
Conclusions
These findings suggest that natsudaidain inhibits tumour necrosis factor-α and cyclooxygenase-2 production by suppressing p38 MAPK phosphorylation but not p65 NFKB phosphorylation, and that natsudaidain might alleviate inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Matsui
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Tempaku-ku, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Physiology, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute-cho, Aichi-gun, Japan
| | - Chihiro Ito
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Tempaku-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masataka Itoigawa
- Faculty of Human Wellness, Tokai Gakuen University, Tempaku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Tadashi Okada
- Department of Physiology, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute-cho, Aichi-gun, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Furukawa
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Tempaku-ku, Nagoya, Japan
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Kim J, Surh YJ. The Role of Nrf2 in Cellular Innate Immune Response to Inflammatory Injury. Toxicol Res 2009; 25:159-173. [PMID: 32038834 PMCID: PMC7006253 DOI: 10.5487/tr.2009.25.4.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2009] [Accepted: 12/02/2009] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor erythroid derived 2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) is a master transcription regulator of antioxidant and cytoprotective proteins that mediate cellular defense against oxidative and inflammatory stresses. Disruption of cellular stress response by Nrf2 deficiency causes enhanced susceptibility to infection and related inflammatory diseases as a consequence of exacerbated immuneediated hypersensitivity and autoimmunity. The cellular defense capacity potentiated by Nrf2 activation appears to balance the population of CD4+ and CD8+ of lymph node cells for proper innate immune responses. Nrf2 can negatively regulate the activation of pro-inflammatory signaling molecules such as p38 MAPK, NF-KB, and AP-1. Nrf2 subsequently functions to inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory mediators including cytokines, chemokines, cell adhesion molecules, matrix metalloprotein-ases, COX-2 and iNOS. Although not clearly elucidated, the antioxidative function of genes targeted by Nrf2 may cooperatively regulate the innate immune response and also repress the expression of proinflammatory mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyoung Kim
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 599 Kwanak-ro, Kwanak-gu, Seoul, 151-742 Korea
| | - Young-Joon Surh
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 599 Kwanak-ro, Kwanak-gu, Seoul, 151-742 Korea
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Baby S, Dan M, Thaha ARM, Johnson AJ, Kurup R, Balakrishnapillai P, Lim CK. High content of zerumbone in volatile oils ofZingiber zerumbetfrom southern India and Malaysia. FLAVOUR FRAG J 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ffj.1940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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46
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Neergheen VS, Bahorun T, Taylor EW, Jen LS, Aruoma OI. Targeting specific cell signaling transduction pathways by dietary and medicinal phytochemicals in cancer chemoprevention. Toxicology 2009; 278:229-41. [PMID: 19850100 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2009.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2009] [Revised: 10/06/2009] [Accepted: 10/09/2009] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Natural phytochemicals derived from dietary sources or medicinal plants have gained significant recognition in the potential management of several human clinical conditions. Much research has also been geared towards the evaluation of plant extracts as effective prophylactic agents since they can act on specific and/or multiple molecular and cellular targets. Plants have been an abundant source of highly effective phytochemicals which offer great potential in the fight against cancer by inhibiting the process of carcinogenesis through the upregulation of cytoprotective genes that encode for carcinogen detoxifying enzymes and antioxidant enzymes. The mechanistic insight into chemoprevention further includes induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis or inhibition of signal transduction pathways mainly the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), protein kinases C (PKC), phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), glycogen synthase kinase (GSK) which lead to abnormal cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), activator protein-1 (AP-1), nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) and c-myc expression. Effectiveness of chemopreventive agents reflects their ability to counteract certain upstream signals that leads to genotoxic damage, redox imbalances and other forms of cellular stress. Targeting malfunctioning molecules along the disrupted signal transduction pathway in cancer represent a rational strategy in chemoprevention. NF-κB and AP-1 provide mechanistic links between inflammation and cancer, and moreover regulate tumor angiogenesis and invasiveness, indicating that signaling pathways that mediate their activation provide attractive targets for new chemotherapeutic approaches. Thus cell signaling cascades and their interacting factors have become important targets of chemoprevention and phenolic phytochemicals and plant extracts seem to be promising in this endeavor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidushi S Neergheen
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, Réduit, Mauritius.
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47
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Benzyl isothiocyanate exhibits anti-inflammatory effects in murine macrophages and in mouse skin. J Mol Med (Berl) 2009; 87:1251-61. [DOI: 10.1007/s00109-009-0532-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2009] [Revised: 08/07/2009] [Accepted: 08/28/2009] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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48
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Lu H, Shi JX, Zhang DM, Wang HD, Hang CH, Chen HL, Yin HX. Inhibition of hemolysate-induced iNOS and COX-2 expression by genistein through suppression of NF-кB activation in primary astrocytes. J Neurol Sci 2009; 278:91-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2008.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2008] [Revised: 11/30/2008] [Accepted: 12/09/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Tanaka T, Yasui Y, Ishigamori-Suzuki R, Oyama T. Citrus compounds inhibit inflammation- and obesity-related colon carcinogenesis in mice. Nutr Cancer 2009; 60 Suppl 1:70-80. [PMID: 19003583 DOI: 10.1080/01635580802381253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Dietary polyphenols are important potential chemopreventive natural agents. Other agents, such as citrus compounds, are also candidates for cancer chemopreventives. They act on multiple key elements in signal transduction pathways related to cellular proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, inflammation, and obesity. This short review article provides our findings of preclinical studies on potential chemopreventive activities of dietary citrus compounds, auraptene, collinin, and citrus unshiu segment membrane (CUSM), using clitis- and obesity-related colon tumorigenesis models. Dietary feeding with auraptene and collinin at dose levels of 0.01% and 0.05% significantly lowered the incidence (50-60% reduction) and multiplicity (67-80% reduction) of colonic adenocarcinomas induced by azoxymetahene [AOM, single intraperitoneal injection of 10 mg/kg body weight (bw)] and dextran sodium sulfate (1% in drinking water). Anti-inflammatory potency of aurapene and collinin may contribute to the effects. Administration with CUSM at 3 doses in diet significantly inhibited development of aberrant crypts foci induced by 5 weekly subcutaneous injections of AOM (15 mg/kg bw) in male db/db mice: 53% inhibition by 0.02% CUSM, 54% inhibition by 0.1% CUSM, and 59% inhibition by 0.5% CUSM. CUSM treatment also decreased serum level of triglycerides. Our findings suggest that certain citrus materials are capable of inhibiting clitis- and obesity-related colon carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuji Tanaka
- Kanazawa Medical University, Daigaku, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan.
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Aquila S, Giner RM, Recio MC, Spegazzini ED, Ríos JL. Anti-inflammatory activity of flavonoids from Cayaponia tayuya roots. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2009; 121:333-337. [PMID: 19041703 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2008.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2008] [Revised: 10/21/2008] [Accepted: 11/02/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Taiuiá or tayuya (Cayaponia tayuya, Cucurbitaceae) is a climbing, lignified plant with a large swollen root that has traditionally been used as an anti-inflammatory and anti-rheumatic agent in the folk medicine of Brazil, Peru, and Colombia. THE AIM OF THE STUDY We have assayed the pharmacological properties of a flavonoid fraction obtained from the butanol extract of Cayaponia tayuya roots using two models of topical mouse ear oedema, paying special attention to its influence on the induction on pro-inflammatory enzymes and peptidic mediators. MATERIAL AND METHODS The in vivo experiments involved both the acute oedema induced by a single application of TPA and the subchronic inflammation brought on by repeated applications of TPA. The effects on the induction of pro-inflammatory enzymes and peptidic mediators in RAW 264.7 macrophages were analyzed with the aid of Western blot analysis. RESULTS The extract was identified as a mixture of flavonoids in which vicenin-2, spinosin, isovitexin, and a mixture of swertisin and isoswertisin were found. In acute TPA-induced oedema in mouse ears, the flavonoid-enriched fraction (at a dose of 0.5mg/ear) inhibited the oedema by 66% (4.2+/-0.6 mg vs. 12.3+/-1.4 mg, P<0.01) while in the subchronic model, the inhibition reached 37% at a dose of 0.5mg/ear x 7 applications (7.5+/-0.6 mg vs. 11.9+/-1.3mg, P<0.05). When assayed in vitro, the flavonoid showed no toxicity at 33.45 microg/mL on RAW 264.7 macrophages. Although the nitric oxide production in these cells was moderately reduced (42%) at 33.45 microg/mL, the flavonoid-enriched fraction had no effect on TNF-alpha production. In addition, at 22.30 microg/mL, the test sample inhibited both iNOS and COX-2 expression by 98% and 49%, respectively. CONCLUSION These results indicate that the anti-inflammatory activity of flavonoids from tayuya roots most likely stems from their inhibition of the induction of the enzymes COX-2 and iNOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Aquila
- Departament de Farmacologia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de València, Spain
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