1
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Liu KW, Sie PY, Huang JY, Chen HY, Chen YL, Lin YC, Liao MY. Rational design of stable Cu and AuCu nanoparticles for investigations of size-enhanced SERS applications. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1329:343189. [PMID: 39396279 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.343189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 08/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/31/2024] [Indexed: 10/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While significant progress has been made to clarify the effects of Au and Ag nanoparticle size on SERS enhancement, research on the size effects of copper nanoparticles and copper-related nanoalloys on SERS enhancement remain scarce. Nanoscale copper (Cu) is important because of its unique sensing and catalytic properties; however, research on its size and compositional effects remains a significant challenge because of the intricate fabrication process and difficulty in preventing oxidation. RESULTS Our study elucidated the size-dependent, surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) of Cu NPs, particularly the sensing capabilities of both electromagnetic (EM) SERS at 1.5 × 103 and chemical enhancement (CE) SERS at 3.6 × 104 of approximately 58 nm Cu NPs. Additionally, a solution aging examination revealed preservation of the metal-related core structure, surface plasmon resonance, and SERS features of the PSMA/ONPG-coated Cu NPs for up to 7 days. With the introduction of galvanic replacement reactions and laser ablation syntheses, the incorporation of Au atoms enabled the fabrication of 7-75 nm AuxCuy nanoparticles by using the remaining Cu core after aging in water, which offered precise control over the Cu/Au ratio from 5/95 to 29/71. SERS measurements of the large AuxCuy nanoparticles amplified up to 1.4 × 104 of the EM-mediated vibrational signals from the adsorbed molecules. The strong Au-S chemical bonds of the Au-rich AuxCuy nanocrystals increased the CE SERS to 5.5 × 104, whereas the Au3Cu1 crystals at the AuxCuy interface decreased the CE SERS but improved the electron transfer for catalysis via SERS detection. SIGNIFICANCE Our research provides further insight into the structural and size effects of Cu and AuCu alloys used as SERS enhancers and offers avenues for designing cutting-edge SERS catalytic sensors tailored to Cu-related catalytic reactive structures. For the first time, we also manipulated the Cu atomic structure and surface composition to understand the significance of surface effects on SERS substrates of the Cu series from a nanoscale analytical perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Wen Liu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Pingtung University, Pingtung, 90003, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yu Sie
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Pingtung University, Pingtung, 90003, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Yin Huang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Pingtung University, Pingtung, 90003, Taiwan
| | - Hsi-Ying Chen
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Pingtung University, Pingtung, 90003, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Lun Chen
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Pingtung University, Pingtung, 90003, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ching Lin
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Pingtung University, Pingtung, 90003, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Yi Liao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Pingtung University, Pingtung, 90003, Taiwan.
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2
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Li Y, Lin S, Zhang C, Chen Y, Zhou S, Wang L, Chen S, Ding T. Charge Transfer Plasmons Enabled by Supramolecular Plug: From Optoelectronic Switching to Enhanced Chiral Sensing. J Am Chem Soc 2024. [PMID: 39385556 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c07322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/12/2024]
Abstract
Miniaturization and integration of plasmonic nanodevices are fundamentally limited by quantum tunneling, which leads to quantum plasmonics with reduced local E-field intensity. Despite significant efforts devoted to modeling and deterring the detrimental effect of quantum plasmonics, the modulation and application of electron transport through the subnanometer gaps seems rarely exploited due to the limited tunability of conventional quantum materials. Here, we establish a supramolecular plasmonic system made of pillar[5]arene complexes and plasmonic resonators (nanoparticle-on-mirror, NPoM). The supramolecular assemblies significantly enhance the gap conductance of NPoM, which results in a blue-shift of the coupled plasmons. Plasmonic hot-electron transport with laser excitation further modulates the gap plasmons, which are fully reversible and beneficial for enhanced chiroptic sensing. Such a conductive supramolecular plasmonic system not only suggests an optoelectronic switching strategy for charge transfer plasmons but also provides a superior sensing platform for single molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawen Li
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro/Nano Structure of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, 430072 Wuhan, China
| | - Siyi Lin
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials, Wuhan University, 299 Bayi Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro/Nano Structure of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, 430072 Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Chen
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials, Wuhan University, 299 Bayi Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Siyuan Zhou
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials, Wuhan University, 299 Bayi Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Lu Wang
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials, Wuhan University, 299 Bayi Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Shigui Chen
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials, Wuhan University, 299 Bayi Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Tao Ding
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro/Nano Structure of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, 430072 Wuhan, China
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3
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Shi Y, Zhu Y, Sun J, Yin H, Yin J. SERS detection of thiram using a 3D sea cucumber-like composite flexible porous substrate. Analyst 2024; 149:5041-5051. [PMID: 39193646 DOI: 10.1039/d4an00610k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Nowadays, trace detection of thiram is in urgent demand due to its widespread application in agriculture and significant harmful effects on public health. In this work, a three-dimensional (3D) sea cucumber-like flexible porous surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate composed of a poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) membrane, ZnO nanorods, gold films, and Ag nanoparticles (Ag/Au/ZnO/P) has been established for the highly sensitive detection of thiram. The substrate takes advantage of the 3D morphology of the Ag/Au/ZnO system on a flexible porous PVDF membrane to produce abundant plasmonic hot spots. Meanwhile, the employment of an AgNPs/Au shell system combined the benefits of both gold and silver metals, thus guaranteeing stable and sensitive detection. With 4-mercaptobenzoic acid (4-MBA) as a probe molecule, the Ag/Au/ZnO/P substrate exhibited excellent linear detection in the range of 10-11-10-5 M, with a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.99 and an enhancement cofactor of 7.09 × 107. The substrate exhibited excellent uniformity with a related standard deviation (RSD) value of 3.82% and demonstrated high stability during a 15 d-storage test. In addition, the substrate could detect thiram in an aqueous solution at concentrations as low as 10-10 M with excellent selectivity. Meanwhile, thiram on the surface of apple peel could be easily detected by the Ag/Au/ZnO/P substrate with the "paste-and-peel" method in less than 10 s, and the detection limit could be as low as 0.48 ng cm-2. Overall, the remarkable performance of the Ag/Au/ZnO/P SERS substrate demonstrated its great potential for the environmental monitoring of thiram.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimeng Shi
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215163, PR China.
- CAS Key Lab of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215163, PR China
| | - Yan Zhu
- CAS Key Lab of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215163, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210098, PR China
| | - Jiaojiao Sun
- CAS Key Lab of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215163, PR China
| | - Huancai Yin
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215163, PR China.
- CAS Key Lab of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215163, PR China
| | - Jian Yin
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215163, PR China.
- CAS Key Lab of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215163, PR China
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4
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Parambath JBM, Vijai Anand K, Alawadhi H, Mohamed AA. Impact of Graphene Oxide on SERS Enhancement of Arylated Gold Nanospheres: Mechanistic Insight. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:17675-17688. [PMID: 39120713 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c02095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
The performance of gold nanospheres as substrates for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) investigation has been compromised by their low adsorption efficiency, high colloidal dispersibility, and diminishing hot spots. However, gold nanosphere substrates modified using aryldiazonium gold(III) chemistry via durable gold-carbon bonds are promising for SERS enhancement due to their controlled organic layer density. In this study, arylated gold nanospheres AuNSs-COOH have shown SERS enhancement when incorporated into graphene oxide (GO) to form nanocomposites (NCs) labeled AuNSs-COOH/GO (AuNCs). Our investigation using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) surface analysis showed that the gold-aryl nanospheres reached their maximum SERS enhancement with an optimal coating. The evaluation included the Au 4f chemical environment and compact graphitic layers for the SERS substrate optimization. The fabricated AuNC substrates demonstrated superior efficiency and reproducibility. A broad linear range of 10-3-10-7 M 4-nitrophenol detection was obtained with exceptional repeatability, as evidenced by the relative standard deviation (RSD) of 9.32%. A detailed investigation of the energy profiles, particularly the valence band maximum (VBM) and band gap values of the substrate and analyte, depicted the electromagnetic (EM) and charge-transfer-induced enhancement and the role of GO inclusion in substrate efficiency in SERS enhancement mechanisms. The finite-difference time domain (FDTD) simulation results revealed that AuNCs incorporated with graphitic nanostructures exhibited the most substantial SERS effect through an EM field enhancement mechanism. This study demonstrated significant SERS enhancement using gold-aryl nanospheres when modified with GO, in contrast to the typical reliance on anisotropic nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad B M Parambath
- Center for Advanced Materials Research, Research Institute of Sciences and Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Physics, Sathyabama Institute of Science & Technology, Chennai 600119, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Chemistry, Sathyabama Institute of Science & Technology, Chennai 600119, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kabali Vijai Anand
- Department of Physics, Sathyabama Institute of Science & Technology, Chennai 600119, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Hussain Alawadhi
- Center for Advanced Materials Research, Research Institute of Sciences and Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Applied Physics & Astronomy, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ahmed A Mohamed
- Center for Advanced Materials Research, Research Institute of Sciences and Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
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5
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Symonowicz J, Jan A, Yan H, Chhowalla M, Di Martino G. Scanning Plasmon-Enhanced Microscopy for Simultaneous Optoelectrical Characterization. ACS NANO 2024; 18:20412-20421. [PMID: 39066717 PMCID: PMC11308916 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c04671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Scanning microscopy methods are crucial for the advancement of nanoelectronics. However, the vertical nanoprobes in such techniques suffer limitations such as the fragility at the tip-sample interface, complex instrumentation, and the lack of in operando functionality in several cases. Here, we introduce scanning plasmon-enhanced microscopy (SPEM) and demonstrate its capabilities on MoS2 and WSe2 nanosheets. SPEM combines a nanoparticle-on-mirror (NPoM) configuration with a portable conductive cantilever, enabling simultaneous optical and electrical characterization. This distinguishes it from other current techniques that cannot provide both characterizations simultaneously. It offers a competitive optical resolution of 600 nm with local enhancement of optical signal up to 20,000 times. A single gold nanoparticle with a 15 nm radius forms pristine, nondamaging van der Waals contact, which allows observation of unexpected p-type behavior of MoS2 at the nanoscale. SPEM reconstructs the NPoM method by eliminating the need for extensive statistical analysis and offering excellent nanoscale mapping resolution of any selected region. It surpasses other scanning techniques in combining precise optical and electrical characterization, interactive simplicity, tip durability, and reproducibility, positioning it as the optimal tool for advancing nanoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Han Yan
- Department of Materials Science
and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge CB3 0FS, United Kingdom
| | - Manish Chhowalla
- Department of Materials Science
and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge CB3 0FS, United Kingdom
| | - Giuliana Di Martino
- Department of Materials Science
and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge CB3 0FS, United Kingdom
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6
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Huang J, Ojambati OS, Climent C, Cuartero-Gonzalez A, Elliott E, Feist J, Fernández-Domínguez AI, Baumberg JJ. Influence of Quadrupolar Molecular Transitions within Plasmonic Cavities. ACS NANO 2024; 18:14487-14495. [PMID: 38787356 PMCID: PMC11155255 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c01368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Optical nanocavities have revolutionized the manipulation of radiative properties of molecular and semiconductor emitters. Here, we investigate the amplified photoluminescence arising from exciting a dark transition of β-carotene molecules embedded within plasmonic nanocavities. Integrating a molecular monolayer into nanoparticle-on-mirror nanostructures unveils enhancements surpassing 4 orders of magnitude in the initially light-forbidden excitation. Such pronounced enhancements transcend conventional dipolar mechanisms, underscoring the presence of alternative enhancement pathways. Notably, Fourier-plane scattering spectroscopy shows that the photoluminescence excitation resonance aligns with a higher-order plasmonic cavity mode, which supports strong field gradients. Combining quantum chemistry calculations with electromagnetic simulations reveals an important interplay between the Franck-Condon quadrupole and Herzberg-Teller dipole contributions in governing the absorption characteristics of this dark transition. In contrast to free space, the quadrupole moment plays a significant role in photoluminescence enhancement within nanoparticle-on-mirror cavities. These findings provide an approach to access optically inactive transitions, promising advancements in spectroscopy and sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyang Huang
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, JJ Thompson Avenue, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K.
| | - Oluwafemi S. Ojambati
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, JJ Thompson Avenue, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K.
| | - Clàudia Climent
- Departamento
de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada and Condensed
Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad
Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid E-28049, Spain
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Alvaro Cuartero-Gonzalez
- Departamento
de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada and Condensed
Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad
Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid E-28049, Spain
- Mechanical
Engineering Department, ICAI, Universidad
Pontificia Comillas, Madrid 28015, Spain
| | - Eoin Elliott
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, JJ Thompson Avenue, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K.
| | - Johannes Feist
- Departamento
de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada and Condensed
Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad
Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid E-28049, Spain
| | - Antonio I. Fernández-Domínguez
- Departamento
de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada and Condensed
Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad
Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid E-28049, Spain
| | - Jeremy J. Baumberg
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, JJ Thompson Avenue, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K.
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7
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Zhao YX, Liang X, Chen YL, Chen YT, Ma L, Ding SJ, Chen XB, Wang QQ. Open-Nanogap-Induced Strong Electromagnetic Enhancement in Au/AgAu Monolayer as a Stable and Uniform SERS Substrate for Ultrasensitive Detection. Anal Chem 2024; 96:8416-8423. [PMID: 38755966 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c05797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Nanogap-based plasmonic metal nanocrystals have been applied in surface-enhanced Raman scattering detection, while the closed and insufficient electromagnetic fields as well as the nonreproducible Raman signal of the substrate greatly restrict the actual application. Herein, a highly uniform Au/AgAu monolayer with abundant nanogaps and huge electromagnetic enhancement is prepared, which shows ultrasensitive and reproducible SERS detection. Au/AgAu with an inner nanogap is first prepared based on Au nanotriangles, and the nanogap is opened from the three tips via a subsequent etching process. The open-gap Au/AgAu displays much higher SERS efficiency than Au and Au/AgAu with an inner nanogap on detecting crystal violet due to the open-gap induced electromagnetic enhancement and improved molecular absorption. Furthermore, the open-gap Au/AgAu monolayer is prepared via interfacial self-assembly, which shows further improved SERS due to the dense and strong hotspots in the nanocavities induced by the electromagnetic coupling between adjacent open gaps. The monolayer possesses excellent signal stability, uniformity, and reproducibility. The analytic enhancement factor and relative standard deviation reach to 2.12 × 108 and 4.65% on detecting crystal violet, respectively. Moreover, the monolayer achieves efficient detection of thiram in apple juice, biphenyl-4-thiol, 4-mercaptobenzoic, melamine, and a mixed solution of four different molecules, showing great promise in practical detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Xin Zhao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Optical Information and Pattern Recognition, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, P. R. China
| | - Xi Liang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Optical Information and Pattern Recognition, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Li Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Optical Information and Pattern Recognition, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Ting Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Optical Information and Pattern Recognition, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, P. R. China
| | - Liang Ma
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Optical Information and Pattern Recognition, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, P. R. China
| | - Si-Jing Ding
- School of Mathematics and Physics, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Xiang-Bai Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Optical Information and Pattern Recognition, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, P. R. China
| | - Qu-Quan Wang
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
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8
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Huang Z, Lin X, Lu Z, Du R, Tang J, Zhou L, Zhang S. Identifying high-order plasmon modes in silver nanoparticle-over-mirror configuration. OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 32:19746-19756. [PMID: 38859102 DOI: 10.1364/oe.522105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Metallic nanoparticle-over-mirror (NPOM) represents as a versatile plasmonic configuration for surface enhanced spectroscopy, sensing and light-emitting metasurfaces. However, experimentally identifying the high-order localized surface plasmon modes in NPOM, especially for the best plasmonic material silver, is often hindered by the small scattering cross-section of high-order plasmon modes and the poor reproducibility of the spectra across different NPOMs, resulted from the polyhedral morphology of the colloidal nanoparticles or the rough surface of deposited polycrystalline metals. In this study, we identify the high-order localized surface plasmon modes in silver NPOM by using differential reflection spectroscopy. We achieved reproducible single-particle absorption spectra by constructing uniform NPOM consisting of silver nanospheres, single-crystallized silver microplates, and a self-assembled monolayer of 1,10-decanedithiol. For comparison, silver NPOM created from typical polycrystalline films exhibits significant spectral fluctuations, even when employing template stripping methods to minimize the film roughness. Identifying high-order plasmon modes in the NPOM configuration offers a pathway to construct high-quality plasmonic substrates for applications such as colloidal metasurface, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, fluorescence, or infrared absorption.
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9
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Zhang J, Qian D, Hu H, Wang K, Cao Y, Song Q, Yao J, Su X, Zhou L, Zhang S, Wang T, Rong Y, Liu C, Mao L, Ding T, Yi J, Zhang YJ, Li JF, Wang N, Wang J, Liu X. Enhancing Light Out-coupling in Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes through Plasmonic Nanostructures. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:2681-2688. [PMID: 38408023 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c03483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) have emerged as promising candidates for lighting and display technologies owing to their high photoluminescence quantum efficiency and high carrier mobility. However, the performance of planar PeLEDs is limited by the out-coupling efficiency, predominantly governed by photonic losses at device interfaces. Most notably, the plasmonic loss at the metal electrode interfaces can account for up to 60% of the total loss. Here, we investigate the use of plasmonic nanostructures to improve the light out-coupling in PeLEDs. By integrating these nanostructures with PeLEDs, we have demonstrated an effectively reduced plasmonic loss and enhanced light out-coupling. As a result, the nanostructured PeLEDs exhibit an average 1.5-fold increase in external quantum efficiency and an ∼20-fold improvement in device lifetime. This finding offers a generic approach for enhancing light out-coupling, promising great potential to go beyond existing performance limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro/Nano Structure of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Dongmin Qian
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), and School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Huatian Hu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Optical Information and Pattern Recognition, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Biomolecular Nanotechnologies, Via Barsanti 14, 73010 Arnesano, Italy
| | - Kun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yu Cao
- Strait Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (SLoFE), Strait Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE, Future Technologies), Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Qianshan Song
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro/Nano Structure of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jiacheng Yao
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro/Nano Structure of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xi Su
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro/Nano Structure of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro/Nano Structure of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Shunping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro/Nano Structure of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
- Wuhan Institute of Quantum Technology, Wuhan 430206, P. R. China
| | - Ti Wang
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro/Nano Structure of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yaoguang Rong
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Chang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro/Nano Structure of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Li Mao
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro/Nano Structure of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Tao Ding
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro/Nano Structure of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jun Yi
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Fujian Key Laboratory of Ultrafast Laser Technology and Applications, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yue-Jiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Jian-Feng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Nana Wang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), and School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Jianpu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), and School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Xiaoze Liu
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro/Nano Structure of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
- Wuhan Institute of Quantum Technology, Wuhan 430206, P. R. China
- Wuhan University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
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10
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Liu Y, Li M, Liu H, Kang C, Wang C. Cancer diagnosis using label-free SERS-based exosome analysis. Theranostics 2024; 14:1966-1981. [PMID: 38505618 PMCID: PMC10945334 DOI: 10.7150/thno.92621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Exosomes, carrying distinctive biomolecules reflective of their parent cell's status and origin, show promise as liquid biopsy biomarkers for cancer diagnosis. However, their clinical translation remains challenging due to their relatively low concentration in body fluids. Surface-Enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has recently gained significant attention as a label-free and sensitive technique for exosome analysis. This review explores label-free SERS for exosome detection, covering exosome isolation and characterization methods, advancements in SERS substrates, and fingerprint analysis techniques using machine learning. Furthermore, we emphasize the challenges and offer insights into the future prospects of SERS-based exosome analysis to enhance cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, and the NMPA & State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 511436, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mei Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guizhou University, 550025, Guiyang, China
| | - Haisha Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guizhou University, 550025, Guiyang, China
| | - Chao Kang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guizhou University, 550025, Guiyang, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
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11
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Yang Y, Chikkaraddy R, Lin Q, Clarke DDA, Wigger D, Baumberg JJ, Hess O. Electrochemically Switchable Multimode Strong Coupling in Plasmonic Nanocavities. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:238-244. [PMID: 38164905 PMCID: PMC10786147 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c03814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The strong-coupling interaction between quantum emitters and cavities provides the archetypical platform for fundamental quantum electrodynamics. Here we show that methylene blue (MB) molecules interact coherently with subwavelength plasmonic nanocavity modes at room temperature. Experimental results show that the strong coupling can be switched on and off reversibly when MB molecules undergo redox reactions which transform them to leuco-methylene blue molecules. In simulations we demonstrate the strong coupling between the second excited plasmonic cavity mode and resonant emitters. However, we also show that other detuned modes simultaneously couple efficiently to the molecular transitions, creating unusual cascades of mode spectral shifts and polariton formation. This is possible due to the relatively large plasmonic particle size resulting in reduced mode splittings. The results open significant potential for device applications utilizing active control of strong coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanji Yang
- School
of Physics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, D02 PN40, Ireland
| | - Rohit Chikkaraddy
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, University
of Cambridge, J. J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, U.K.
- School
of Physics and Astronomy, University of
Birmingham, Birmingham B152TT, England, U.K.
| | - Qianqi Lin
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, University
of Cambridge, J. J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, U.K.
- Hybrid
Materials for Optoelectronics Group, Department of Molecules and Materials,
MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Molecules Center and Center for
Brain-Inspired Nano Systems, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, 7500AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | | | - Daniel Wigger
- School
of Physics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, D02 PN40, Ireland
| | - Jeremy J. Baumberg
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, University
of Cambridge, J. J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, U.K.
| | - Ortwin Hess
- School
of Physics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, D02 PN40, Ireland
- CRANN
Institute and Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, D02 PN40, Ireland
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12
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Wang Z, Zhou W, Yang M, Yang Y, Hu J, Qin C, Zhang G, Liu S, Chen R, Xiao L. The Geometry of Nanoparticle-on-Mirror Plasmonic Nanocavities Impacts Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Backgrounds. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 14:53. [PMID: 38202508 PMCID: PMC10780556 DOI: 10.3390/nano14010053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has garnered substantial attention due to its ability to achieve single-molecule sensitivity by utilizing metallic nanostructures to amplify the exceedingly weak Raman scattering process. However, the introduction of metal nanostructures can induce a background continuum which can reduce the ultimate sensitivity of SERS in ways that are not yet well understood. Here, we investigate the impact of laser irradiation on both Raman scattering and backgrounds from self-assembled monolayers within nanoparticle-on-mirror plasmonic nanocavities with variable geometry. We find that laser irradiation can reduce the height of the monolayer by inducing an irreversible change in molecular conformation. The resulting increased plasmon confinement in the nanocavities not only enhances the SERS signal, but also provides momentum conservation in the inelastic light scattering of electrons, contributing to the enhancement of the background continuum. The plasmon confinement can be modified by changing the size and the geometry of nanoparticles, resulting in a nanoparticle geometry-dependent background continuum in SERS. Our work provides new routes for further modifying the geometry of plasmonic nanostructures to improve SERS sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Wenjin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Min Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Yong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Jianyong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Chengbing Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Guofeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Shaoding Liu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Transducers and Intelligence Control System, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Ruiyun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Liantuan Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- College of Physics, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
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13
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Kincanon M, Murphy CJ. Nanoparticle Size Influences the Self-Assembly of Gold Nanorods Using Flexible Streptavidin-Biotin Linkages. ACS NANO 2023. [PMID: 38010073 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c09096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
The self-assembly of colloidal nanocrystals remains of robust interest due to its potential in creating hierarchical nanomaterials that have advanced function. For gold nanocrystals, junctions between nanoparticles yield large enhancements in local electric fields under resonant illumination, which is suitable for surface-enhanced spectroscopies for molecular sensors. Gold nanorods can provide such plasmonic fields at near-infrared wavelengths of light for longitudinal excitation. Through the use of careful concentration and stoichiometric control, a method is reported herein for selective biotinylation of the ends of gold nanorods for simple, consistent, and high-yielding self-assembly upon addition of the biotin-binding protein streptavidin. This method was applied to four different sized nanorods of similar aspect ratio and analyzed through UV-vis spectroscopy for qualitative confirmation of self-assembly and transmission electron microscopy to determine the degree of self-assembly in end-linked nanorods. The yield of end-linked assemblies approaches 90% for the largest nanorods and approaches 0% for the smallest nanorods. The number of nanorods linked in one chain also increases with an increased nanoparticle size. The results support the notion that the lower ligand density at the ends of the larger nanorods yields preferential substitution reactions at those ends and hence preferential end-to-end assembly, while the smallest nanorods have a relatively uniform ligand density across their surfaces, leading to spatially random substitution reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maegen Kincanon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Catherine J Murphy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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14
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Sreekanth KV, Perumal J, Dinish US, Prabhathan P, Liu Y, Singh R, Olivo M, Teng J. Tunable Tamm plasmon cavity as a scalable biosensing platform for surface enhanced resonance Raman spectroscopy. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7085. [PMID: 37925522 PMCID: PMC10625559 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42854-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Surface enhanced Resonance Raman spectroscopy (SERRS) is a powerful technique for enhancing Raman spectra by matching the laser excitation wavelength with the plasmonic resonance and the absorption peak of biomolecules. Here, we propose a tunable Tamm plasmon polariton (TPP) cavity based on a metal on distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) as a scalable sensing platform for SERRS. We develop a gold film-coated ultralow-loss phase change material (Sb2S3) based DBR, which exhibits continuously tunable TPP resonances in the optical wavelengths. We demonstrate SERRS by matching the TPP resonance with the absorption peak of the chromophore molecule at 785 nm wavelength. We use this platform to detect cardiac Troponin I protein (cTnI), a biomarker for early diagnosis of cardiovascular disease, achieving a detection limit of 380 fM. This scalable substrate shows great promise as a next-generation tunable biosensing platform for detecting disease biomarkers in body fluids for routine real-time clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kandammathe Valiyaveedu Sreekanth
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Republic of Singapore.
| | - Jayakumar Perumal
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Republic of Singapore
- A*STAR Skin Research Labs (A*SRL), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 31 Biopolis Way, Nanos #07-01, Singapore, 138669, Republic of Singapore
| | - U S Dinish
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Republic of Singapore
- A*STAR Skin Research Labs (A*SRL), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 31 Biopolis Way, Nanos #07-01, Singapore, 138669, Republic of Singapore
| | - Patinharekandy Prabhathan
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Republic of Singapore
- Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies, The Photonic Institute, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Republic of Singapore
| | - Yuanda Liu
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Republic of Singapore
| | - Ranjan Singh
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Republic of Singapore.
- Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies, The Photonic Institute, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Republic of Singapore.
| | - Malini Olivo
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Republic of Singapore.
- A*STAR Skin Research Labs (A*SRL), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 31 Biopolis Way, Nanos #07-01, Singapore, 138669, Republic of Singapore.
| | - Jinghua Teng
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Republic of Singapore.
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15
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Mueller NS, Arul R, Kang G, Saunders AP, Johnson AC, Sánchez-Iglesias A, Hu S, Jakob LA, Bar-David J, de Nijs B, Liz-Marzán LM, Liu F, Baumberg JJ. Photoluminescence upconversion in monolayer WSe 2 activated by plasmonic cavities through resonant excitation of dark excitons. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5726. [PMID: 37714855 PMCID: PMC10504321 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41401-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Anti-Stokes photoluminescence (PL) is light emission at a higher photon energy than the excitation, with applications in optical cooling, bioimaging, lasing, and quantum optics. Here, we show how plasmonic nano-cavities activate anti-Stokes PL in WSe2 monolayers through resonant excitation of a dark exciton at room temperature. The optical near-fields of the plasmonic cavities excite the out-of-plane transition dipole of the dark exciton, leading to light emission from the bright exciton at higher energy. Through statistical measurements on hundreds of plasmonic cavities, we show that coupling to the dark exciton leads to a near hundred-fold enhancement of the upconverted PL intensity. This is further corroborated by experiments in which the laser excitation wavelength is tuned across the dark exciton. We show that a precise nanoparticle geometry is key for a consistent enhancement, with decahedral nanoparticle shapes providing an efficient PL upconversion. Finally, we demonstrate a selective and reversible switching of the upconverted PL via electrochemical gating. Our work introduces the dark exciton as an excitation channel for anti-Stokes PL in WSe2 and paves the way for large-area substrates providing nanoscale optical cooling, anti-Stokes lasing, and radiative engineering of excitons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niclas S Mueller
- NanoPhotonics Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK.
- Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, 14195, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Rakesh Arul
- NanoPhotonics Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Gyeongwon Kang
- NanoPhotonics Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
- Department of Chemistry, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea
| | - Ashley P Saunders
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Amalya C Johnson
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Ana Sánchez-Iglesias
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, Donostia-San Sebastián, 20014, Spain
- Centro de Física de Materiales, CSIC-UPV/EHU, Manuel Lardizabal Ibilbidea 5, Donostia-San Sebastián, 20018, Spain
| | - Shu Hu
- NanoPhotonics Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Lukas A Jakob
- NanoPhotonics Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Jonathan Bar-David
- NanoPhotonics Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Bart de Nijs
- NanoPhotonics Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Luis M Liz-Marzán
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, Donostia-San Sebastián, 20014, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, 48009, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Donostia-San Sebastián, 20014, Spain
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Jeremy J Baumberg
- NanoPhotonics Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK.
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16
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Poppe A, Griffiths J, Hu S, Baumberg JJ, Osadchy M, Gibson S, de Nijs B. Mapping Atomic-Scale Metal-Molecule Interactions: Salient Feature Extraction through Autoencoding of Vibrational Spectroscopy Data. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:7603-7610. [PMID: 37594383 PMCID: PMC10476190 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c01483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Atomic-scale features, such as step edges and adatoms, play key roles in metal-molecule interactions and are critically important in heterogeneous catalysis, molecular electronics, and sensing applications. However, the small size and often transient nature of atomic-scale structures make studying such interactions challenging. Here, by combining single-molecule surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy with machine learning, spectra are extracted of perturbed molecules, revealing the formation dynamics of adatoms in gold and palladium metal surfaces. This provides unique insight into atomic-scale processes, allowing us to resolve where such metallic protrusions form and how they interact with nearby molecules. Our technique paves the way to tailor metal-molecule interactions on an atomic level and assists in rational heterogeneous catalyst design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Poppe
- School
of Physics and Astronomy, University of
Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NH, U.K.
| | - Jack Griffiths
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, University
of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K.
| | - Shu Hu
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, University
of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K.
| | - Jeremy J. Baumberg
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, University
of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K.
| | - Margarita Osadchy
- Computer
Science Department, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
| | - Stuart Gibson
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, University
of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K.
| | - Bart de Nijs
- School
of Physics and Astronomy, University of
Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NH, U.K.
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17
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Grys DB, Niihori M, Arul R, Sibug-Torres SM, Wyatt EW, de Nijs B, Baumberg JJ. Controlling Atomic-Scale Restructuring and Cleaning of Gold Nanogap Multilayers for Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Sensing. ACS Sens 2023; 8:2879-2888. [PMID: 37411019 PMCID: PMC10391707 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c00967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate the reliable creation of multiple layers of Au nanoparticles in random close-packed arrays with sub-nm gaps as a sensitive surface-enhanced Raman scattering substrate. Using oxygen plasma etching, all the original molecules creating the nanogaps can be removed and replaced with scaffolding ligands that deliver extremely consistent gap sizes below 1 nm. This allows precision tailoring of the chemical environment of the nanogaps which is crucial for practical Raman sensing applications. Because the resulting aggregate layers are easily accessible from opposite sides by fluids and by light, high-performance fluidic sensing cells are enabled. The ability to cyclically clean off analytes and reuse these films is shown, exemplified by sensing of toluene, volatile organic compounds, and paracetamol, among others.
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Affiliation(s)
- David-Benjamin Grys
- NanoPhotonics Centre, Cavendish
Laboratory, Department of Physics, University
of Cambridge, JJ Thompson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K.
| | - Marika Niihori
- NanoPhotonics Centre, Cavendish
Laboratory, Department of Physics, University
of Cambridge, JJ Thompson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K.
| | - Rakesh Arul
- NanoPhotonics Centre, Cavendish
Laboratory, Department of Physics, University
of Cambridge, JJ Thompson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K.
| | - Sarah May Sibug-Torres
- NanoPhotonics Centre, Cavendish
Laboratory, Department of Physics, University
of Cambridge, JJ Thompson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K.
| | - Elle W. Wyatt
- NanoPhotonics Centre, Cavendish
Laboratory, Department of Physics, University
of Cambridge, JJ Thompson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K.
| | - Bart de Nijs
- NanoPhotonics Centre, Cavendish
Laboratory, Department of Physics, University
of Cambridge, JJ Thompson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K.
| | - Jeremy J. Baumberg
- NanoPhotonics Centre, Cavendish
Laboratory, Department of Physics, University
of Cambridge, JJ Thompson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K.
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18
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Gramatte S, Jeurgens LPH, Politano O, Simon Greminger JA, Baras F, Xomalis A, Turlo V. Atomistic Simulations of the Crystalline-to-Amorphous Transformation of γ-Al 2O 3 Nanoparticles: Delicate Interplay between Lattice Distortions, Stresses, and Space Charges. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:6301-6315. [PMID: 37097742 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c03292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The size-dependent phase stability of γ-Al2O3 was studied by large-scale molecular dynamics simulations over a wide temperature range from 300 to 900 K. For the γ-Al2O3 crystal, a bulk transformation to α-Al2O3 by an FCC-to-HCP transition of the O sublattice is still kinetically hindered at 900 K. However, local distortions of the FCC O-sublattice by the formation of quasi-octahedral Al local coordination spheres become thermally activated, as driven by the partial covalency of the Al-O bond. On the contrary, spherical γ-Al2O3 nanoparticles (NPs) (with sizes of 6 and 10 nm) undergo a crystalline-to-amorphous transformation at 900 K, which starts at the reconstructed surface and propagates into the core through collective displacements of anions and cations, resulting in the formation of 7- and 8-fold local coordination spheres of Al. In parallel, the reconstructed Al-enriched surface is separated from the stoichiometric core by a diffuse Al-depleted transition region. This compositional heterogeneity creates an imbalance of charges inside the NP, which induces a net attractive Coulombic force that is strong enough to reverse the initial stress state in the NP core from compressive to tensile. These findings disclose the delicate interplay between lattice distortions, stresses, and space-charge regions in oxide nanosystems. A fundamental explanation for the reported expansion of metal-oxide NPs with decreasing size is provided, which has significant implications for, e.g., heterogeneous catalysis, NP sintering, and additive manufacturing of NP-reinforced metal matrix composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Gramatte
- Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Feuerwerkerstrasse 39, 3602 Thun, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Joining Technologies and Corrosion, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Ueberlandstrasse 129, 8600 Duebendorf, Switzerland
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne, UMR 6303, CNRS-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 9 Avenue A. Savary, Dijon F-91191, France
| | - Lars P H Jeurgens
- Laboratory for Joining Technologies and Corrosion, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Ueberlandstrasse 129, 8600 Duebendorf, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Politano
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne, UMR 6303, CNRS-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 9 Avenue A. Savary, Dijon F-91191, France
| | - Jose Antonio Simon Greminger
- Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Feuerwerkerstrasse 39, 3602 Thun, Switzerland
| | - Florence Baras
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne, UMR 6303, CNRS-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 9 Avenue A. Savary, Dijon F-91191, France
| | - Angelos Xomalis
- Laboratory for Mechanics of Materials and Nanostructures, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Feuerwerkerstrasse 39, 3602 Thun, Switzerland
| | - Vladyslav Turlo
- Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Feuerwerkerstrasse 39, 3602 Thun, Switzerland
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19
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Charconnet M, Korsa MT, Petersen S, Plou J, Hanske C, Adam J, Seifert A. Generalization of Self-Assembly Toward Differently Shaped Colloidal Nanoparticles for Plasmonic Superlattices. SMALL METHODS 2023; 7:e2201546. [PMID: 36807876 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202201546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Periodic superlattices of noble metal nanoparticles have demonstrated superior plasmonic properties compared to randomly distributed plasmonic arrangements due to near-field coupling and constructive far-field interference. Here, a chemically driven, templated self-assembly process of colloidal gold nanoparticles is investigated and optimized, and the technology is extended toward a generalized assembly process for variously shaped particles, such as spheres, rods, and triangles. The process yields periodic superlattices of homogenous nanoparticle clusters on a centimeter scale. Electromagnetically simulated absorption spectra and corresponding experimental extinction measurements demonstrate excellent agreement in the far-field for all particle types and different lattice periods. The electromagnetic simulations reveal the specific nano-cluster near-field behavior, predicting the experimental findings provided by surface-enhanced Raman scattering measurements. It turns out that periodic arrays of spherical nanoparticles produce higher surface-enhanced Raman scattering enhancement factors than particles with less symmetry as a result of very well-defined strong hotspots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Charconnet
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, San Sebastián, 20018, Spain
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), San Sebastián, 20014, Spain
| | - Matiyas Tsegay Korsa
- University of Southern Denmark, SDU Centre for Photonics Engineering, Mads Clausen Institute, Odense, 5230, Denmark
| | - Søren Petersen
- University of Southern Denmark, SDU Centre for Photonics Engineering, Mads Clausen Institute, Odense, 5230, Denmark
| | - Javier Plou
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), San Sebastián, 20014, Spain
- CIBER-BBN, ISCIII, San Sebastián, 20014, Spain
| | - Christoph Hanske
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), San Sebastián, 20014, Spain
| | - Jost Adam
- University of Southern Denmark, SDU Centre for Photonics Engineering, Mads Clausen Institute, Odense, 5230, Denmark
| | - Andreas Seifert
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, San Sebastián, 20018, Spain
- IKERBASQUE - Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, 48009, Spain
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20
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Hu S, Elliott E, Sánchez‐Iglesias A, Huang J, Guo C, Hou Y, Kamp M, Goerlitzer ESA, Bedingfield K, de Nijs B, Peng J, Demetriadou A, Liz‐Marzán LM, Baumberg JJ. Full Control of Plasmonic Nanocavities Using Gold Decahedra-on-Mirror Constructs with Monodisperse Facets. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2207178. [PMID: 36737852 PMCID: PMC10104671 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202207178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Bottom-up assembly of nanoparticle-on-mirror (NPoM) nanocavities enables precise inter-metal gap control down to ≈ 0.4 nm for confining light to sub-nanometer scales, thereby opening opportunities for developing innovative nanophotonic devices. However limited understanding, prediction, and optimization of light coupling and the difficulty of controlling nanoparticle facet shapes restricts the use of such building blocks. Here, an ultraprecise symmetry-breaking plasmonic nanocavity based on gold nanodecahedra is presented, to form the nanodecahedron-on-mirror (NDoM) which shows highly consistent cavity modes and fields. By characterizing > 20 000 individual NDoMs, the variability of light in/output coupling is thoroughly explored and a set of robust higher-order plasmonic whispering gallery modes uniquely localized at the edges of the triangular facet in contact with the metallic substrate is found. Assisted by quasinormal mode simulations, systematic elaboration of NDoMs is proposed to give nanocavities with near hundred-fold enhanced radiative efficiencies. Such systematically designed and precisely-assembled metallic nanocavities will find broad application in nanophotonic devices, optomechanics, and surface science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Hu
- Nanophotonics CentreDepartment of PhysicsCavendish LaboratoryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeEnglandCB3 0HEUK
| | - Eoin Elliott
- Nanophotonics CentreDepartment of PhysicsCavendish LaboratoryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeEnglandCB3 0HEUK
| | - Ana Sánchez‐Iglesias
- CIC biomaGUNEBasque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA)Paseo de Miramón 194Donostia‐San Sebastián20014Spain
| | - Junyang Huang
- Nanophotonics CentreDepartment of PhysicsCavendish LaboratoryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeEnglandCB3 0HEUK
| | - Chenyang Guo
- Nanophotonics CentreDepartment of PhysicsCavendish LaboratoryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeEnglandCB3 0HEUK
| | - Yidong Hou
- Nanophotonics CentreDepartment of PhysicsCavendish LaboratoryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeEnglandCB3 0HEUK
| | - Marlous Kamp
- Nanophotonics CentreDepartment of PhysicsCavendish LaboratoryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeEnglandCB3 0HEUK
| | - Eric S. A. Goerlitzer
- Nanophotonics CentreDepartment of PhysicsCavendish LaboratoryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeEnglandCB3 0HEUK
| | - Kalun Bedingfield
- School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamB15 2TTUK
| | - Bart de Nijs
- Nanophotonics CentreDepartment of PhysicsCavendish LaboratoryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeEnglandCB3 0HEUK
| | - Jialong Peng
- Nanophotonics CentreDepartment of PhysicsCavendish LaboratoryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeEnglandCB3 0HEUK
- Present address:
College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Novel Nano‐Optoelectronic Information Materials and DevicesNational University of Defense TechnologyChangsha410073P. R. China
| | - Angela Demetriadou
- School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamB15 2TTUK
| | - Luis M. Liz‐Marzán
- CIC biomaGUNEBasque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA)Paseo de Miramón 194Donostia‐San Sebastián20014Spain
- IkerbasqueBasque Foundation for ScienceBilbao43009Spain
| | - Jeremy J. Baumberg
- Nanophotonics CentreDepartment of PhysicsCavendish LaboratoryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeEnglandCB3 0HEUK
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21
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Madeleine T, D'Alessandro G, Kaczmarek M. Spectral properties of intermediate to high refractive index nanocubes. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:11395-11407. [PMID: 37155775 DOI: 10.1364/oe.485872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic resonances in sub-wavelength cavities, created by metallic nanocubes separated from a metallic surface by a dielectric gap, lead to strong light confinement and strong Purcell effect, with many applications in spectroscopy, enhanced light emission and optomechanics. However, the limited choice of metals, and the constraints on the sizes of the nanocubes, restrict the optical wavelength range of applications. We show that dielectric nanocubes made of intermediate to high refractive index materials exhibit similar but significantly blue shifted and enriched optical responses due to the interaction between gap plasmonic modes and internal modes. This result is explained, and the efficiency of dielectric nanocubes for light absorption and spontaneous emission is quantified by comparing the optical response and induced fluorescence enhancement of nanocubes made of barium titanate, tungsten trioxide, gallium phosphide, silicon, silver and rhodium.
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22
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Kumar P, Kuramochi H, Takeuchi S, Tahara T. Photoexcited Plasmon-Driven Ultrafast Dynamics of the Adsorbate Probed by Femtosecond Time-Resolved Surface-Enhanced Time-Domain Raman Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:2845-2853. [PMID: 36916655 PMCID: PMC10042161 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c03813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Metal nanoparticles have high potential in light-harvesting applications by transferring absorbed photon energy to the adsorbates. However, photoexcited plasmon-driven ultrafast dynamics of the adsorbate on metal nanoparticles have not been clearly understood. We studied ultrafast plasmon-driven processes of trans-1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethylene (BPE) adsorbed on gold nanoparticle assemblies (GNAs) using time-resolved surface-enhanced impulsive stimulated Raman spectroscopy (TR-SE-ISRS). After photoexciting the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) band of the GNAs, we measured femtosecond time-resolved surface-enhanced Raman spectra of the adsorbate, which exhibited transient bleach in the Raman signal and following biphasic recovery that proceeds on the time scale of a few tens of picoseconds. The TR-SE-ISRS data were analyzed with singular value decomposition, and the obtained species-associated Raman spectra indicated that photoexcitation of the LSPR band alters chemical interaction between BPE and the GNAs on an ultrafast time scale; initial steady-state BPE is recovered through a precursor state that has weaker interaction with the GNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pardeep Kumar
- Molecular
Spectroscopy Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako 351-0198, Japan
- Ultrafast
Spectroscopy Research Team, RIKEN Center
for Advanced Photonics (RAP), 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako 351-0198, Japan
| | - Hikaru Kuramochi
- Molecular
Spectroscopy Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako 351-0198, Japan
- Ultrafast
Spectroscopy Research Team, RIKEN Center
for Advanced Photonics (RAP), 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako 351-0198, Japan
| | - Satoshi Takeuchi
- Molecular
Spectroscopy Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako 351-0198, Japan
- Ultrafast
Spectroscopy Research Team, RIKEN Center
for Advanced Photonics (RAP), 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako 351-0198, Japan
| | - Tahei Tahara
- Molecular
Spectroscopy Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako 351-0198, Japan
- Ultrafast
Spectroscopy Research Team, RIKEN Center
for Advanced Photonics (RAP), 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako 351-0198, Japan
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23
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Nodar Á, Neuman T, Zhang Y, Aizpurua J, Esteban R. Fano asymmetry in zero-detuned exciton-plasmon systems. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:10297-10319. [PMID: 37157580 DOI: 10.1364/oe.477200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic resonances in metallic nanostructures can strongly enhance the emission from quantum emitters, as commonly used in surface-enhanced spectroscopy techniques. The extinction and scattering spectrum of these quantum emitter-metallic nanoantenna hybrid systems are often characterized by a sharp Fano resonance, which is usually expected to be symmetric when a plasmonic mode is resonant with an exciton of the quantum emitter. Here, motivated by recent experimental work showing an asymmetric Fano lineshape under resonant conditions, we study the Fano resonance found in a system composed of a single quantum emitter interacting resonantly with a single spherical silver nanoantenna or with a dimer nanoantenna composed of two gold spherical nanoparticles. To analyze in detail the origin of the resulting Fano asymmetry we develop numerical simulations, an analytical expression that relates the asymmetry of the Fano lineshape to the field enhancement and to the enhanced losses of the quantum emitter (Purcell effect), and a set of simple models. In this manner we identify the contributions to the asymmetry of different physical phenomena, such as retardation and the direct excitation and emission from the quantum emitter.
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24
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Symonowicz J, Polyushkin D, Mueller T, Di Martino G. Fully Optical in Operando Investigation of Ambient Condition Electrical Switching in MoS 2 Nanodevices. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2209968. [PMID: 36539947 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202209968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
MoS2 nanoswitches have shown superb ultralow switching energies without excessive leakage currents. However, the debate about the origin and volatility of electrical switching is unresolved due to the lack of adequate nanoimaging of devices in operando. Here, three optical techniques are combined to perform the first noninvasive in situ characterization of nanosized MoS2 devices. This study reveals volatile threshold resistive switching due to the intercalation of metallic atoms from electrodes directly between Mo and S atoms, without the assistance of sulfur vacancies. A "semi-memristive" effect driven by an organic adlayer adjacent to MoS2 is observed, which suggests that nonvolatility can be achieved by careful interface engineering. These findings provide a crucial understanding of nanoprocess in vertically biased MoS2 nanosheets, which opens new routes to conscious engineering and optimization of 2D electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Symonowicz
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Rd, Cambridge, CB3 0FS, UK
| | - Dmitry Polyushkin
- Vienna University of Technology, Institute of Photonics, Gusshausstrasse 27-29 / 387, Vienna, 1040, Austria
| | - Thomas Mueller
- Vienna University of Technology, Institute of Photonics, Gusshausstrasse 27-29 / 387, Vienna, 1040, Austria
| | - Giuliana Di Martino
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Rd, Cambridge, CB3 0FS, UK
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25
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Itoh T, Procházka M, Dong ZC, Ji W, Yamamoto YS, Zhang Y, Ozaki Y. Toward a New Era of SERS and TERS at the Nanometer Scale: From Fundamentals to Innovative Applications. Chem Rev 2023; 123:1552-1634. [PMID: 36745738 PMCID: PMC9952515 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 86.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and tip-enhanced Raman scattering (TERS) have opened a variety of exciting research fields. However, although a vast number of applications have been proposed since the two techniques were first reported, none has been applied to real practical use. This calls for an update in the recent fundamental and application studies of SERS and TERS. Thus, the goals and scope of this review are to report new directions and perspectives of SERS and TERS, mainly from the viewpoint of combining their mechanism and application studies. Regarding the recent progress in SERS and TERS, this review discusses four main topics: (1) nanometer to subnanometer plasmonic hotspots for SERS; (2) Ångström resolved TERS; (3) chemical mechanisms, i.e., charge-transfer mechanism of SERS and semiconductor-enhanced Raman scattering; and (4) the creation of a strong bridge between the mechanism studies and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamitake Itoh
- Health
and Medical Research Institute, National
Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2217-14 Hayashi-cho, Takamatsu, 761-0395Kagawa, Japan
| | - Marek Procházka
- Faculty
of Mathematics and Physics, Institute of Physics, Charles University, Ke Karlovu 5, 121 16Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Zhen-Chao Dong
- Hefei
National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technique of China, Hefei230026, China
| | - Wei Ji
- College
of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin145040, China
| | - Yuko S. Yamamoto
- School
of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute
of Science and Technology (JAIST), Nomi, 923-1292Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Yao Zhang
- Hefei
National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technique of China, Hefei230026, China
| | - Yukihiro Ozaki
- School of
Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei
Gakuin University, 2-1,
Gakuen, Sanda, 669-1330Hyogo, Japan
- Toyota
Physical and Chemical Research Institute, Nagakute, 480-1192Aichi, Japan
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26
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Chikkaraddy R, Huang J, Kos D, Elliott E, Kamp M, Guo C, Baumberg JJ, de Nijs B. Boosting Optical Nanocavity Coupling by Retardation Matching to Dark Modes. ACS PHOTONICS 2023; 10:493-499. [PMID: 36820326 PMCID: PMC9936626 DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.2c01603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic nanoantennas can focus light at nanometer length scales providing intense field enhancements. For the tightest optical confinements (0.5-5 nm) achieved in plasmonic gaps, the gap spacing, refractive index, and facet width play a dominant role in determining the optical properties making tuning through antenna shape challenging. We show here that controlling the surrounding refractive index instead allows both efficient frequency tuning and enhanced in-/output coupling through retardation matching as this allows dark modes to become optically active, improving widespread functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Chikkaraddy
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, JJ Thompson Avenue, CambridgeCB3 0HE, U.K.
| | - Junyang Huang
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, JJ Thompson Avenue, CambridgeCB3 0HE, U.K.
| | - Dean Kos
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, JJ Thompson Avenue, CambridgeCB3 0HE, U.K.
| | - Eoin Elliott
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, JJ Thompson Avenue, CambridgeCB3 0HE, U.K.
| | - Marlous Kamp
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, JJ Thompson Avenue, CambridgeCB3 0HE, U.K.
| | - Chenyang Guo
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, JJ Thompson Avenue, CambridgeCB3 0HE, U.K.
| | - Jeremy J. Baumberg
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, JJ Thompson Avenue, CambridgeCB3 0HE, U.K.
| | - Bart de Nijs
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, JJ Thompson Avenue, CambridgeCB3 0HE, U.K.
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27
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Kozhina E, Bedin S, Martynov A, Andreev S, Piryazev A, Grigoriev Y, Gorbunova Y, Naumov A. Ultrasensitive Optical Fingerprinting of Biorelevant Molecules by Means of SERS-Mapping on Nanostructured Metasurfaces. BIOSENSORS 2022; 13:46. [PMID: 36671881 PMCID: PMC9855407 DOI: 10.3390/bios13010046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The most relevant technique for portable (on-chip) sensors is Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS). This strategy crashes in the case of large (biorelevant) molecules and nano-objects, whose SERS spectra are irreproducible for "homeopathic" concentrations. We suggested solving this problem by SERS-mapping. We analyzed the distributions of SERS parameters for relatively "small" (malachite green (MG)) and "large" (phthalocyanine, H2Pc*) molecules. While fluctuations of spectra for "small" MG were negligible, noticeable distribution of spectra was observed for "large" H2Pc*. We show that the latter is due to a random arrangement of molecules with respect to "hot spot" areas, which have limited sizes, thus amplifying the lines corresponding to vibrations of different molecule parts. We have developed a method for engineering low-cost SERS substrates optimized for the best enhancement efficiency and a measurement protocol to obtain a reliable Raman spectrum, even for a countable number of large molecules randomly distributed over the substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizaveta Kozhina
- Laboratory of Plasmonics, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, bld. 1, 121205 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Advanced Photonics and Sensorics, Lebedev Physical Institute RAS, Troitsk Branch, Fizicheskaya Str. 11, 108840 Moscow, Troitsk, Russia
| | - Sergey Bedin
- Department of Advanced Photonics and Sensorics, Lebedev Physical Institute RAS, Troitsk Branch, Fizicheskaya Str. 11, 108840 Moscow, Troitsk, Russia
- Laboratory of Physics of Advanced Materials and Nanostructures, Moscow State Pedagogical University, Malaya Pirogovskaya St. 1-1, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory for the Growth of Thin Films and Inorganic Nanostructures Center of Crystallography and Photonics of RAS, Leninskiy Prosp. 59, 119333 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander Martynov
- Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prosp., 31 Building 4, 119071 Moscow, Russia
| | - Stepan Andreev
- Laboratory of Physics of Advanced Materials and Nanostructures, Moscow State Pedagogical University, Malaya Pirogovskaya St. 1-1, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey Piryazev
- Department of Chemistry, Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 1, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Research Center of Genetics and Life Sciences, Research Direction–Biomaterials, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 1 Olympic Ave, 354340 Sochi, Russia
| | - Yuri Grigoriev
- Laboratory for the Growth of Thin Films and Inorganic Nanostructures Center of Crystallography and Photonics of RAS, Leninskiy Prosp. 59, 119333 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yulia Gorbunova
- Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prosp., 31 Building 4, 119071 Moscow, Russia
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prosp., 31, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey Naumov
- Department of Advanced Photonics and Sensorics, Lebedev Physical Institute RAS, Troitsk Branch, Fizicheskaya Str. 11, 108840 Moscow, Troitsk, Russia
- Laboratory of Physics of Advanced Materials and Nanostructures, Moscow State Pedagogical University, Malaya Pirogovskaya St. 1-1, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory for Spectroscopy of Electronic Spectra of Molecules, Institute for Spectroscopy RAS, Fizicheskaya Str. 5, 108840 Moscow, Troitsk, Russia
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28
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Hu S, Wang J, Zhang YJ, Wen BY, Wu SS, Radjenovic PM, Yang Z, Ren B, Li JF. Quantitatively Revealing the Anomalous Enhancement in Shell-Isolated Nanoparticle-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Using Single-Nanoparticle Spectroscopy. ACS NANO 2022; 16:21388-21396. [PMID: 36468912 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c09716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is an ultrasensitive spectroscopic technique that has been extensively applied in the studies of catalysis, electrochemistry, material science, etc.; however, it is substrate and material limited. The development of shell-isolated nanoparticle-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SHINERS) effectively offsets this limitation that attracts enormous attention due to its potential to be applied to any surface. As the core of the SHINERS technique, the inert shell prevents the exposure of the active metal surface, however, also significantly enlarges the metallic gap where the light is trapped. Consequently, the shell is widely considered a side issue to debilitate the coupling efficiency and hinder the sensitivity of SHINERS without systematic studies. Herein, we investigate the shell and structural effect of SHINERS by performing the quantitative optical and structural characterization of single nanostructures. By a statistic of over two hundred nanostructures, we observe that the field enhancement loss due to the shell could be overcome by optimizing the coupling geometry of the shell-isolated nanoparticles (SHINs). An example of SHIN dimers shows even higher field enhancement than their bare Au nanoparticle counterparts as confirmed and explained by FDTD simulations. We demonstrate the signal enhancement of SHINERS saturates with the increasing number of hot spots but could be further optimized by altering the aggregation geometries of the nanoparticles. The sensitivity improvement of the SHINERS technique will boost its broader applications in material science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Energy, Department of Physics, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Jingyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Energy, Department of Physics, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yue-Jiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Energy, Department of Physics, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Bao-Ying Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Energy, Department of Physics, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Si-Si Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Energy, Department of Physics, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Petar M Radjenovic
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Energy, Department of Physics, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Zhilin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Energy, Department of Physics, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Bin Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Energy, Department of Physics, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Jian-Feng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Energy, Department of Physics, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen 361005, China
- College of Optical and Electronic Technology, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
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29
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Jose J, Schumacher L, Jalali M, Haberfehlner G, Svejda JT, Erni D, Schlücker S. Particle Size-Dependent Onset of the Tunneling Regime in Ideal Dimers of Gold Nanospheres. ACS NANO 2022; 16:21377-21387. [PMID: 36475629 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c09680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
We report on the nanoparticle-size-dependent onset of quantum tunneling of electrons across the subnanometer gaps in three different sizes (30, 50, and 80 nm) of highly uniform gold nanosphere (AuNS) dimers. For precision plasmonics, the gap distance is systematically controlled at the level of single C-C bonds via a series of alkanedithiol linkers (C2-C16). Parallax-corrected high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) imaging and subsequent tomographic reconstruction are employed to resolve the nm to subnm interparticle gap distances in AuNS dimers. Single-particle scattering experiments on three different sizes of AuNS dimers reveal that for the larger dimers the onset of quantum tunneling regime occurs at larger gap distances: 0.96 ± 0.04 nm (C6) for 80 nm, 0.83 ± 0.03 nm (C5) for 50 nm, and 0.72 ± 0.02 nm (C4) for 30 nm dimers. 2D nonlocal and quantum-corrected model (QCM) calculations qualitatively explain the physical origin for this experimental observation: the lower curvature of the larger particles leads to a higher tunneling current due to a larger effective conductivity volume in the gap. Our results have possible implications in scenarios where precise geometrical control over plasmonic properties is crucial such as in hybrid (molecule-metal) and/or quantum plasmonic devices. More importantly, this study constitutes the closest experimental results to the theory for a 3D sphere dimer system and offers a reference data set for comparison with theory/simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesil Jose
- Physical Chemistry I, Department of Chemistry and Center of Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, 45141Essen, Germany
| | - Ludmilla Schumacher
- Physical Chemistry I, Department of Chemistry and Center of Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, 45141Essen, Germany
| | - Mandana Jalali
- General and Theoretical Electrical Engineering (ATE), Faculty of Engineering, University of Duisburg-Essen, and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), D-47048Duisburg, Germany
| | - Georg Haberfehlner
- Institute of Electron Microscopy and Nanoanalysis, NAWI Graz, Graz University of Technology, Steyrergasse 17, 8010Graz, Austria
| | - Jan Taro Svejda
- General and Theoretical Electrical Engineering (ATE), Faculty of Engineering, University of Duisburg-Essen, and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), D-47048Duisburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Erni
- General and Theoretical Electrical Engineering (ATE), Faculty of Engineering, University of Duisburg-Essen, and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), D-47048Duisburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Schlücker
- Physical Chemistry I, Department of Chemistry and Center of Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, 45141Essen, Germany
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30
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Peng J, Lin Q, Földes T, Jeong HH, Xiong Y, Pitsalidis C, Malliaras GG, Rosta E, Baumberg JJ. In-Situ Spectro-Electrochemistry of Conductive Polymers Using Plasmonics to Reveal Doping Mechanisms. ACS NANO 2022; 16:21120-21128. [PMID: 36468680 PMCID: PMC9798863 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c09081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Conducting polymers are a key component for developing wearable organic electronics, but tracking their redox processes at the nanoscale to understand their doping mechanism remains challenging. Here we present an in-situ spectro-electrochemical technique to observe redox dynamics of conductive polymers in an extremely localized volume (<100 nm3). Plasmonic nanoparticles encapsulated by thin shells of different conductive polymers provide actively tuned scattering color through switching their refractive index. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering in combination with cyclic voltammetry enables detailed studies of the redox/doping process. Our data intriguingly show that the doping mechanism varies with polymer conductivity: a disproportionation mechanism dominates in more conductive polymers, while sequential electron transfer prevails in less conductive polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialong Peng
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB30HE, U.K.
| | - Qianqi Lin
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB30HE, U.K.
| | - Tamás Földes
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University College
London, London WC1E 6BT, U.K.
| | - Hyeon-Ho Jeong
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB30HE, U.K.
| | - Yuling Xiong
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB30HE, U.K.
| | - Charalampos Pitsalidis
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB30AS, U.K.
| | - George G. Malliaras
- Electrical
Engineering Division, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB30FA, U.K.
| | - Edina Rosta
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University College
London, London WC1E 6BT, U.K.
| | - Jeremy J. Baumberg
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB30HE, U.K.
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31
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Son J, Kim GH, Lee Y, Lee C, Cha S, Nam JM. Toward Quantitative Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering with Plasmonic Nanoparticles: Multiscale View on Heterogeneities in Particle Morphology, Surface Modification, Interface, and Analytical Protocols. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:22337-22351. [PMID: 36473154 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c05950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) provides significantly enhanced Raman scattering signals from molecules adsorbed on plasmonic nanostructures, as well as the molecules' vibrational fingerprints. Plasmonic nanoparticle systems are particularly powerful for SERS substrates as they provide a wide range of structural features and plasmonic couplings to boost the enhancement, often up to >108-1010. Nevertheless, nanoparticle-based SERS is not widely utilized as a means for reliable quantitative measurement of molecules largely due to limited controllability, uniformity, and scalability of plasmonic nanoparticles, poor molecular modification chemistry, and a lack of widely used analytical protocols for SERS. Furthermore, multiscale issues with plasmonic nanoparticle systems that range from atomic and molecular scales to assembled nanostructure scale are difficult to simultaneously control, analyze, and address. In this perspective, we introduce and discuss the design principles and key issues in preparing SERS nanoparticle substrates and the recent studies on the uniform and controllable synthesis and newly emerging machine learning-based analysis of plasmonic nanoparticle systems for quantitative SERS. Specifically, the multiscale point of view with plasmonic nanoparticle systems toward quantitative SERS is provided throughout this perspective. Furthermore, issues with correctly estimating and comparing SERS enhancement factors are discussed, and newly emerging statistical and artificial intelligence approaches for analyzing complex SERS systems are introduced and scrutinized to address challenges that cannot be fully resolved through synthetic improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwoong Son
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Gyeong-Hwan Kim
- The Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Yeonhee Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Chungyeon Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Seungsang Cha
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Jwa-Min Nam
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
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32
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Yang W, Wei Z, Nie Y, Tian Y. Optical Detection and Imaging of Nonfluorescent Matter at the Single-Molecule/Particle Level. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:9618-9631. [PMID: 36214484 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c02228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Since the first optical detection of single molecules in 1989, single-molecule spectroscopy has developed rapidly and been widely applied in many areas. However, the vast majority of matter is extremely inefficient at emitting photons in our physical world, which seriously limits the applications of optical methods based on photoluminescence. In addition to indirect detection by fluorescence labeling, many efforts have been made to directly image nonfluorescent matter at the single-particle or single-molecule level in different ways based on the absorption or scattering interaction between light and matter. Herein, we review five popular methods for imaging nonfluorescent particles/molecules, including dark-field microscopy (DFM), surface plasmon resonance microscopy (SPRM), surface enhanced Raman microscopy (SERM), interferometric scattering microscopy (iSCAT), and photothermal microscopy (PTM). After summarizing the principles and applications of these methods, we compare the advantages and disadvantages of each method and describe further potential development and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emissions Control, Nanjing University, Nanjing210023, China
| | - Zhihong Wei
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emissions Control, Nanjing University, Nanjing210023, China
| | - Yan Nie
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emissions Control, Nanjing University, Nanjing210023, China
| | - Yuxi Tian
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emissions Control, Nanjing University, Nanjing210023, China
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33
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Mueller N, Arul R, Jakob LA, Blunt MO, Földes T, Rosta E, Baumberg JJ. Collective Mid-Infrared Vibrations in Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:7254-7260. [PMID: 36037474 PMCID: PMC9479150 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c02806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is typically assumed to occur at individual molecules neglecting intermolecular vibrational coupling. Here, we show instead how collective vibrations from infrared (IR) coupled dipoles are seen in SERS from molecular monolayers. Mixing IR-active molecules with IR-inactive spacer molecules controls the intermolecular separation. Intermolecular coupling leads to vibrational frequency upshifts up to 8 cm-1, tuning with the mixing fraction and IR dipole strength, in excellent agreement with microscopic models and density functional theory. These cooperative frequency shifts can be used as a ruler to measure intermolecular distance and disorder with angstrom resolution. We demonstrate this for photochemical reactions of 4-nitrothiophenol, which depletes the number of neighboring IR-active molecules and breaks the collective vibration, enabling direct tracking of the reaction. Collective molecular vibrations reshape SERS spectra and need to be considered in the analysis of vibrational spectra throughout analytical chemistry and sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niclas
S. Mueller
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Rakesh Arul
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Lukas A. Jakob
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Oliver Blunt
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University College
London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Tamás Földes
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University College
London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Edina Rosta
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University College
London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Jeremy J. Baumberg
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
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34
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Zhang T, Quan X, Cao N, Zhang Z, Li Y. Label-Free Detection of DNA via Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Using Au@Ag Nanoparticles. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:nano12183119. [PMID: 36144907 PMCID: PMC9505376 DOI: 10.3390/nano12183119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
DNA is a building block of life; surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has been broadly applied in the detection of biomolecules but there are challenges in obtaining high-quality DNA SERS signals under non-destructive conditions. Here, we developed a novel label-free approach for DNA detection based on SERS, in which the Au@AgNPs core-shell structure was selected as the enhancement substrate, which not only solved the problem of the weak enhancement effect of gold nanoparticles but also overcame the disadvantage of the inhomogeneous shapes of silver nanoparticles, thereby improving the sensitivity and reproducibility of the SERS signals of DNA molecules. The method obtained SERS signals for four DNA bases (A, C, G, and T) without destroying the structure, then further detected and qualified different specific structures of DNA molecules. These results promote the application of SERS technology in the field of biomolecular detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Analytical Chemistry, Research Center for Innovative Technology of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Xubin Quan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Analytical Chemistry, Research Center for Innovative Technology of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Naisi Cao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Analytical Chemistry, Research Center for Innovative Technology of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Zhaoying Zhang
- The Fourth Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Analytical Chemistry, Research Center for Innovative Technology of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
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35
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Elliott E, Bedingfield K, Huang J, Hu S, de Nijs B, Demetriadou A, Baumberg JJ. Fingerprinting the Hidden Facets of Plasmonic Nanocavities. ACS PHOTONICS 2022; 9:2643-2651. [PMID: 35996364 PMCID: PMC9389613 DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.2c00116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The optical properties of nanogap plasmonic cavities formed by a NanoParticle-on-Mirror (NPoM, or patch antenna) are determined here, across a wide range of geometric parameters including the nanoparticle diameter, gap refractive index, gap thickness, facet size and shape. Full understanding of the confined optical modes allows these nanocavities to be utilized in a wide range of experiments across many fields. We show that the gap thickness t and refractive index n are spectroscopically indistinguishable, accounted for by a single gap parameter G = n/t 0.47. Simple tuning of mode resonant frequencies and strength is found for each quasi-normal mode, revealing a spectroscopic "fingerprint" for each facet shape, on both truncated spherical and rhombicuboctahedral nanoparticles. This is applied to determine the most likely nanoscale morphology of facets hidden below each NPoM in experiment, as well as to optimize the constructs for different applications. Simple scaling relations are demonstrated, and an online tool for general use is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eoin Elliott
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, University
of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Kalun Bedingfield
- School
of Physics and Astronomy, University of
Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Junyang Huang
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, University
of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Shu Hu
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, University
of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Bart de Nijs
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, University
of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Angela Demetriadou
- School
of Physics and Astronomy, University of
Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Jeremy J Baumberg
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, University
of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
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36
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Lanzalaco S, Gil P, Mingot J, Àgueda A, Alemán C, Armelin E. Dual-Responsive Polypropylene Meshes Actuating as Thermal and SERS Sensors. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:3329-3340. [PMID: 35653133 PMCID: PMC9988207 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Polypropylene (PP) surgical meshes, with different knitted architectures, were chemically functionalized with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and 4-mercaptothiazole (4-MB) to transform their fibers into a surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) detectable plastic material. The application of a thin layer of poly[N-isopropylacrylamide-co-N,N'-methylene bis(acrylamide)] (PNIPAAm-co-MBA) graft copolymer, covalently polymerized to the mesh-gold substrate, caused the conversion of the inert plastic into a thermoresponsive material, resulting in the first PP implantable mesh with both SERS and temperature stimulus responses. AuNPs were homogeneously distributed over the PP yarns, offering a clear SERS recognition together with higher PNIPAAm lower critical solution temperature (LCST ∼ 37 °C) than without the metallic particles (LCST ∼ 32 °C). An infrared thermographic camera was used to observe the polymer-hydrogel folding-unfolding process and to identify the new value of the LCST, connected with the heat generation by plasmonic-resonance gold NPs. The development of SERS PP prosthesis will be relevant for the bioimaging and biomarker detection of the implant by using the plasmonic effect and Raman vibrational spectroscopy for minimally invasive interventions (such as laparoscopy), to prevent patient inflammatory processes. Furthermore, Raman sources have been proved to not damage the cells, like happens with near-infrared irradiation, representing another advantage of moving to SERS approaches. The findings reported here offer unprecedented application possibilities in the biomedical field by extrapolating the material functionalization to other nonabsorbable polymer made devices (e.g., surgical sutures, grapes, wound dressings, among others).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Lanzalaco
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, IMEM-BRT, EEBE, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, C/Eduard Maristany, 10-14, Ed. I, Second Floor, 08019, Barcelona, Spain.,Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, C/Eduard Maristany, 10-14, Basement S-1, 08019, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pau Gil
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, IMEM-BRT, EEBE, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, C/Eduard Maristany, 10-14, Ed. I, Second Floor, 08019, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Júlia Mingot
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, IMEM-BRT, EEBE, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, C/Eduard Maristany, 10-14, Ed. I, Second Floor, 08019, Barcelona, Spain.,Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, C/Eduard Maristany, 10-14, Basement S-1, 08019, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alba Àgueda
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, CERTEC, EEBE, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, C/Eduard Maristany, 10-14, Ed. I, Fifth floor, 08019, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Alemán
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, IMEM-BRT, EEBE, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, C/Eduard Maristany, 10-14, Ed. I, Second Floor, 08019, Barcelona, Spain.,Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, C/Eduard Maristany, 10-14, Basement S-1, 08019, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac 10-12, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elaine Armelin
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, IMEM-BRT, EEBE, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, C/Eduard Maristany, 10-14, Ed. I, Second Floor, 08019, Barcelona, Spain.,Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, C/Eduard Maristany, 10-14, Basement S-1, 08019, Barcelona, Spain
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37
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Lin Q, Hu S, Földes T, Huang J, Wright D, Griffiths J, Elliott E, de Nijs B, Rosta E, Baumberg JJ. Optical suppression of energy barriers in single molecule-metal binding. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabp9285. [PMID: 35749500 PMCID: PMC9232110 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abp9285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Transient bonds between molecules and metal surfaces underpin catalysis, bio/molecular sensing, molecular electronics, and electrochemistry. Techniques aiming to characterize these bonds often yield conflicting conclusions, while single-molecule probes are scarce. A promising prospect confines light inside metal nanogaps to elicit in operando vibrational signatures through surface-enhanced Raman scattering. Here, we show through analysis of more than a million spectra that light irradiation of only a few microwatts on molecules at gold facets is sufficient to overcome the metallic bonds between individual gold atoms and pull them out to form coordination complexes. Depending on the molecule, these light-extracted adatoms persist for minutes under ambient conditions. Tracking their power-dependent formation and decay suggests that tightly trapped light transiently reduces energy barriers at the metal surface. This opens intriguing prospects for photocatalysis and controllable low-energy quantum devices such as single-atom optical switches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqi Lin
- Nanophotonics Centre, Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England, UK
| | - Shu Hu
- Nanophotonics Centre, Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England, UK
| | - Tamás Földes
- Department of Chemistry, King’s College London, 7 Trinity Street, London SE1 1DB, UK
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Junyang Huang
- Nanophotonics Centre, Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England, UK
| | - Demelza Wright
- Nanophotonics Centre, Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England, UK
| | - Jack Griffiths
- Nanophotonics Centre, Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England, UK
| | - Eoin Elliott
- Nanophotonics Centre, Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England, UK
| | - Bart de Nijs
- Nanophotonics Centre, Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England, UK
| | - Edina Rosta
- Department of Chemistry, King’s College London, 7 Trinity Street, London SE1 1DB, UK
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Jeremy J. Baumberg
- Nanophotonics Centre, Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England, UK
- Corresponding author.
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38
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Abedin S, Roy K, Jin X, Xia H, Brueck SRJ, Potma EO. Surface-enhanced coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering of molecules near metal-dielectric nanojunctions. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2022; 126:8760-8767. [PMID: 39253366 PMCID: PMC11382608 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.2c01642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/11/2024]
Abstract
We discuss an experimental configuration consisting of {Au film}-molecule-{Au particle} or {Au film}-molecule-{Si particle} nanojunctions for performing wide-field surface-enhanced CARS (SE-CARS) measurements in a reproducible and controllable manner. While the allowable illumination dosage in the {Au film}-molecule-{Au particle} case is limited by the strong two-photon background from the gold, we successfully generate a detectable coherent Raman response from a molecular monolayer using the lowest reported average power densities to-date. With a vision to minimize the two-photon background and the intrinsic losses observed in all-metal plasmonic systems, we examine the possibility of using high-index dielectric particles on top of a thin metal film to generate strong nanoscopic hotspots. We demonstrate repeatable SE-CARS measurements at the {Au film}-molecule-{Si particle} heterojunction, underlining the usability of this experimental geometry. This work paves the way for the development of next-generation of chemical and biomolecular sensing assays that can minimize some of the major drawbacks encountered in fragile and lossy all-metal plasmonic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamsul Abedin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Khokan Roy
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Xin Jin
- Armonica Technologies, Inc., Albuquerque, NM 87110, USA
| | - Hui Xia
- Armonica Technologies, Inc., Albuquerque, NM 87110, USA
| | - S R J Brueck
- Armonica Technologies, Inc., Albuquerque, NM 87110, USA
| | - Eric O Potma
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
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39
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Yue W, Fan Y, Zhang T, Gong T, Long X, Luo Y, Gao P. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering with gold-coated silicon nanopillars arrays: The influence of size and spatial order. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 267:120582. [PMID: 34802929 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nanopillars have been extensively explored as promising substrates for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) owing to their high sensitivity and excellent reproducibility. Most of the researches have been focused on the fabrication methods of nanopillars, and the dependences of SERS effects on geometrical size and spatial order are rarely investigated. In this work, SERS properties of nanopillars with different sizes (115-185 nm) and spatial orders (square and rhombus orders) have been studied. The work has shown that the nanopillars not only have high enhancement capability and high signal reproducibility, but also the enhancement is insensitive to the size and spatial orders. The measured enhancement factors (EFs) are 2.3-4.0 × 106 and signal reproducibility (relative standard deviation, RSD) are ∼ 5.2%-6.9%, which are among the best of the similar SERS substrates reported. The variation of SERS intensity was as low as approximately 4.8% with the variation of pillar size from 115, 135, 145, to 160 nm. The insensitiveness and high reproducibility have been ascribed to the combined excitation of localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) and propagating surface plasmons (SPPs) of the nanopillars. Optical properties of the nanopillars are studied both experimentally and numerically to understand the physics behind the SERS performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weisheng Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Optical Technologies on Nano-Fabrication and Micro-Engineering, Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 350, Chengdu 610209, China; School of Optoelectronics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Yimin Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Optical Technologies on Nano-Fabrication and Micro-Engineering, Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 350, Chengdu 610209, China; School of Optoelectronics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Optical Technologies on Nano-Fabrication and Micro-Engineering, Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 350, Chengdu 610209, China
| | - Tiancheng Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Optical Technologies on Nano-Fabrication and Micro-Engineering, Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 350, Chengdu 610209, China
| | - Xiyu Long
- State Key Laboratory of Optical Technologies on Nano-Fabrication and Micro-Engineering, Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 350, Chengdu 610209, China
| | - Yunfei Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Optical Technologies on Nano-Fabrication and Micro-Engineering, Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 350, Chengdu 610209, China
| | - Ping Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Optical Technologies on Nano-Fabrication and Micro-Engineering, Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 350, Chengdu 610209, China
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40
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Haryanto A, Lee CW. Shell isolated nanoparticle enhanced Raman spectroscopy for mechanistic investigation of electrochemical reactions. NANO CONVERGENCE 2022; 9:9. [PMID: 35157152 PMCID: PMC8844332 DOI: 10.1186/s40580-022-00301-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical conversion of abundant resources, such as carbon dioxide, water, nitrogen, and nitrate, is a remarkable strategy for replacing fossil fuel-based processes and achieving a sustainable energy future. Designing an efficient and selective electrocatalysis system for electrochemical conversion reactions remains a challenge due to a lack of understanding of the reaction mechanism. Shell-isolated nanoparticle-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SHINERS) is a promising strategy for experimentally unraveling a reaction pathway and rate-limiting step by detecting intermediate species and catalytically active sites that occur during the reaction regardless of substrate. In this review, we introduce the SHINERS principle and its historical developments. Furthermore, we discuss recent SHINERS applications and developments for investigating intermediate species involved in a variety of electrocatalytic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andi Haryanto
- Department of Chemistry, Kookmin University, Seoul, 0207, South Korea
| | - Chan Woo Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Kookmin University, Seoul, 0207, South Korea.
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41
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Vázquez-Lozano JE, Baumberg JJ, Martínez A. Enhanced excitation and readout of plasmonic cavity modes in NPoM via SiN waveguides for on-chip SERS. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:4553-4563. [PMID: 35209689 DOI: 10.1364/oe.446895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Metallic nanoparticle-on-a-mirror (NPoM) cavities enable extreme field confinement in sub-nm gaps, leading to unrivaled performance for nonlinear processes such as surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). So far, prevailing experimental approaches based on NPoMs have been performed by means of free-space light excitation and collection under oblique incidence, since the fundamental radiatively-coupled NPoM mode does not scatter in the normal direction. Retaining this working principle, here we numerically show that plasmonic cavity modes in NPoM configurations can be efficiently excited in an integrated SERS approach through TM guided modes of silicon nitride (SiN) waveguides. Intensity enhancements beyond 105 can be achieved for gap spacings around 1 nm. So as to reduce unwanted SiN Raman background, the output Stokes signals are transferred to transversely placed waveguides, reaching coupling efficiencies of up to 10%. Geometrical parameters such as the gap thickness as well as the radius and position of the nanoparticle provide full control over the main spectral features, thereby enabling us to engineer and drive the optical response of NPoMs for high-performance SERS in Si-based photonic integrated platforms.
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42
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Kim S, Lee S, Yoon S. Effect of Nanoparticle Size on Plasmon-Driven Reaction Efficiency. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:4163-4169. [PMID: 35006675 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c21441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Hot electron chemistry is of paramount significance because of its applicability to photocatalytic reactions, solar energy conversion, and waste decomposition. The nonradiative decay of excited plasmons in gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) generates highly energetic nonthermal electrons and holes that can induce chemical reactions when transferred to nearby molecules. In this study, we explore the relationship between AuNP size (26-133 nm) and the plasmon-induced reaction yield. To isolate the size from other structural parameters, we prepare perfectly round gold nanospheres (AuNSs) with narrow size distributions. The use of a nanoparticle-on-mirror configuration, in which the reactant molecules (4-mercaptobenzoic acid) are positioned in nanogaps between the AuNSs and a Au film, promotes the generation of hot carriers and allows the highly sensitive detection of the reaction products (benzenethiol) using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. We show that the reaction yield increases as the AuNS size increases up to 94 nm and then decreases for larger AuNSs. This peculiar Λ-shaped size-dependent reactivity can be explained by considering both the plasmonic absorption efficiency of AuNSs and the decay rate of plasmons via electron-surface scattering. The product of the calculated absorption cross section and the inverse of the AuNS size reproduces our experimental results remarkably well. These findings will contribute to the design of highly efficient plasmonic photocatalysts and photovoltaic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seokheon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Sungwoon Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Sangwoon Yoon
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Korea
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43
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Chikkaraddy R, Xomalis A, Jakob LA, Baumberg JJ. Mid-infrared-perturbed molecular vibrational signatures in plasmonic nanocavities. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2022; 11:19. [PMID: 35042844 PMCID: PMC8766566 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-022-00709-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Recent developments in surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) enable observation of single-bond vibrations in real time at room temperature. By contrast, mid-infrared (MIR) vibrational spectroscopy is limited to inefficient slow detection. Here we develop a new method for MIR sensing using SERS. This method utilizes nanoparticle-on-foil (NPoF) nanocavities supporting both visible and MIR plasmonic hotspots in the same nanogap formed by a monolayer of molecules. Molecular SERS signals from individual NPoF nanocavities are modulated in the presence of MIR photons. The strength of this modulation depends on the MIR wavelength, and is maximized at the 6-12 μm absorption bands of SiO2 or polystyrene placed under the foil. Using a single-photon lock-in detection scheme we time-resolve the rise and decay of the signal in a few 100 ns. Our observations reveal that the phonon resonances of SiO2 can trap intense MIR surface plasmons within the Reststrahlen band, tuning the visible-wavelength localized plasmons by reversibly perturbing the localized few-nm-thick water shell trapped in the nanostructure crevices. This suggests new ways to couple nanoscale bond vibrations for optomechanics, with potential to push detection limits down to single-photon and single-molecule regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Chikkaraddy
- NanoPhotonics Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, JJ Thompson Avenue, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK.
| | - Angelos Xomalis
- NanoPhotonics Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, JJ Thompson Avenue, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Mechanics of Materials and Nanostructures, Thun, Switzerland
| | - Lukas A Jakob
- NanoPhotonics Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, JJ Thompson Avenue, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Jeremy J Baumberg
- NanoPhotonics Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, JJ Thompson Avenue, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK.
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44
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Pszona M, Gawinkowski S, Jäger R, Kamińska I, Waluk J. Influence of bulky substituents on single-molecule SERS sensitivity. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:014201. [PMID: 34998322 DOI: 10.1063/5.0074840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) detection limit strongly depends on the molecular structure, which we demonstrate for a family of tert-butyl-substituted porphycenes. Even though the investigated species present very similar photophysical properties, the ratio between the SERS signal and fluorescence background depends on the number of bulky tert-butyl groups. Moreover, the probability of single molecule detection systematically drops with the number of the moieties attached to the pyrrole ring. As steric hindrance is the only significantly changing feature among the studied chromophores, we attribute the observed phenomena to the spatial structure. We also show that the sensitivity of the SERS technique can be improved by lowering the temperature. We managed to observe single-molecule spectra for derivatives for which this was unattainable at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pszona
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-224 Warsaw, Kasprzaka 44/52, Poland
| | - Sylwester Gawinkowski
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-224 Warsaw, Kasprzaka 44/52, Poland
| | - Regina Jäger
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry and LISA, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Izabela Kamińska
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-224 Warsaw, Kasprzaka 44/52, Poland
| | - Jacek Waluk
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-224 Warsaw, Kasprzaka 44/52, Poland
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45
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San Juan AMT, Chavva SR, Tu D, Tircuit M, Coté G, Mabbott S. Synthesis of SERS-active core-satellite nanoparticles using heterobifunctional PEG linkers. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2021; 4:258-267. [PMID: 36132957 PMCID: PMC9417690 DOI: 10.1039/d1na00676b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is a sensitive analytical technique capable of magnifying the vibrational intensity of molecules adsorbed onto the surface of metallic nanostructures. Various solution-based SERS-active metallic nanostructures have been designed to generate substantial SERS signal enhancements. However, most of these SERS substrates rely on the chemical aggregation of metallic nanostructures to create strong signals. While this can induce high SERS intensities through plasmonic coupling, most chemically aggregated assemblies suffer from poor signal reproducibility and reduced long-term stability. To overcome these issues, here we report for the first time the synthesis of gold core-satellite nanoparticles (CSNPs) for robust SERS signal generation. The novel CSNP assemblies consist of a 30 nm spherical gold core linked to 18 nm satellite particles via linear heterobifunctional thiol-amine terminated PEG chains. We explore the effects that the varying chain lengths have on SERS hot-spot generation, signal reproducibility and long-term activity. The chain length was varied by using PEGs with different molecular weights (1000 Da, 2000 Da, and 3500 Da). The CSNPs were characterized via UV-Vis spectrophotometry, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), ζ-potential measurements, and lastly SERS measurements. The versatility of the synthesized SERS-active CSNPs was revealed through characterization of optical stability and SERS enhancement at 0, 1, 3, 5, 7 and 14 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Michelle T San Juan
- Texas A&M University Health Technologies and Innovations Building, 3006 TAMU College Station Texas 77843 USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Emerging Technologies Building 3120 TAMU College Station Texas 77843 USA
| | - Suhash Reddy Chavva
- Texas A&M University Health Technologies and Innovations Building, 3006 TAMU College Station Texas 77843 USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Emerging Technologies Building 3120 TAMU College Station Texas 77843 USA
| | - Dandan Tu
- Texas A&M University Health Technologies and Innovations Building, 3006 TAMU College Station Texas 77843 USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Emerging Technologies Building 3120 TAMU College Station Texas 77843 USA
| | - Melanie Tircuit
- Texas A&M University Health Technologies and Innovations Building, 3006 TAMU College Station Texas 77843 USA
| | - Gerard Coté
- Texas A&M University Health Technologies and Innovations Building, 3006 TAMU College Station Texas 77843 USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Emerging Technologies Building 3120 TAMU College Station Texas 77843 USA
| | - Samuel Mabbott
- Texas A&M University Health Technologies and Innovations Building, 3006 TAMU College Station Texas 77843 USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Emerging Technologies Building 3120 TAMU College Station Texas 77843 USA
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46
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Barik P, Pal S, Pradhan M. On-demand nanoparticle-on-mirror (NPoM) structure for cost-effective surface-enhanced Raman scattering substrates. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 263:120193. [PMID: 34314969 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
We report a robust technique to fabricate a cost-efficient Raman substrate which is composed of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) coated gold nanoparticles layer on commercial aluminum foil. The layer of metal nanoparticles on the aluminum foil, i.e., the nanoparticle-on-mirror (NPoM) structure was fabricated by spraying nanoparticle colloidal solution directly on the foil. The detection limit (LOD) of NPoM substrate is investigated by performing the SERS for Rhodamine 6G (R6G) with the concentration ranging from mM to nM without any post treatment of the substrate. The findings show that the LOD of 1 nM and maximum intensity enhancement factor of ~ 24 is accomplished. Field enhancement owing to reflection from the metallic mirror is the reason behind the signal enhancement and it would be beneficial for routine clinical applications, trace chemical detection, and disease diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puspendu Barik
- Technical Research Centre, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, JD Block, Sector-III, Salt Lake City, Kolkata 700106, India.
| | - Saptarshi Pal
- Technical Research Centre, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, JD Block, Sector-III, Salt Lake City, Kolkata 700106, India
| | - Manik Pradhan
- Technical Research Centre, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, JD Block, Sector-III, Salt Lake City, Kolkata 700106, India; Department of Chemical, Biological and Macromolecular Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, JD Block, Sector-III, Salt Lake City, Kolkata 700106, India.
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47
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Xomalis A, Zheng X, Chikkaraddy R, Koczor-Benda Z, Miele E, Rosta E, Vandenbosch GAE, Martínez A, Baumberg JJ. Detecting mid-infrared light by molecular frequency upconversion in dual-wavelength nanoantennas. Science 2021; 374:1268-1271. [PMID: 34855505 DOI: 10.1126/science.abk2593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelos Xomalis
- NanoPhotonics Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Xuezhi Zheng
- NanoPhotonics Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,Department of Electrical Engineering (ESAT-TELEMIC), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rohit Chikkaraddy
- NanoPhotonics Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Ermanno Miele
- NanoPhotonics Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,The Faraday Institution, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Oxford, UK
| | - Edina Rosta
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London, UK
| | - Guy A E Vandenbosch
- Department of Electrical Engineering (ESAT-TELEMIC), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Alejandro Martínez
- Nanophotonics Technology Center, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jeremy J Baumberg
- NanoPhotonics Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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48
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Griffiths J, de Nijs B, Chikkaraddy R, Baumberg JJ. Locating Single-Atom Optical Picocavities Using Wavelength-Multiplexed Raman Scattering. ACS PHOTONICS 2021; 8:2868-2875. [PMID: 34692898 PMCID: PMC8532146 DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.1c01100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Transient atomic protrusions in plasmonic nanocavities confine optical fields to sub-1-nm3 picocavities, allowing the optical interrogation of single molecules at room temperature. While picocavity formation is linked to both the local chemical environment and optical irradiation, the role of light in localizing the picocavity formation is unclear. Here, we combine information from thousands of picocavity events and simultaneously compare the transient Raman scattering arising from two incident pump wavelengths. Full analysis of the data set suggests that light suppresses the local effective barrier height for adatom formation and that the initial barrier height is decreased by reduced atomic coordination numbers near facet edges. Modeling the system also resolves the frequency-dependent picocavity field enhancements supported by these atomic scale features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Griffiths
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, University
of Cambridge, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K.
| | - Bart de Nijs
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, University
of Cambridge, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K.
| | - Rohit Chikkaraddy
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, University
of Cambridge, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K.
| | - Jeremy J. Baumberg
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, University
of Cambridge, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K.
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49
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Yuan C, Fang J, de la Chapelle ML, Zhang Y, Zeng X, Huang G, Yang X, Fu W. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering inspired by programmable nucleic acid isothermal amplification technology. Trends Analyt Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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50
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Kos D, Assumpcao DR, Guo C, Baumberg JJ. Quantum Tunneling Induced Optical Rectification and Plasmon-Enhanced Photocurrent in Nanocavity Molecular Junctions. ACS NANO 2021; 15:14535-14543. [PMID: 34436876 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c04100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Molecular junctions offer the opportunity for downscaling optoelectronic devices. Separating two electrodes with a single layer of molecules accesses the quantum-tunneling regime at low voltages (<1 V), where tunneling currents become highly sensitive to local nanometer-scale geometric features of the electrodes. These features generate asymmetries in the electrical response of the junction which combine with the incident oscillating optical fields to produce optical rectification and photocurrents. Maximizing photocurrents requires accurate control of the overall junction geometry and a large confined optical field in the optimal location. Plasmonic nanostructures such as metallic nanoparticles are prime candidates for this application, because their size and shape dictate a consistent junction geometry while strongly enhancing the optical field from incident light. Here we demonstrate a robust lithography-free molecular optoelectronic device geometry, where a metallic nanoparticle on a self-assembled molecular monolayer is sandwiched between planar bottom and semitransparent top electrodes, to create molecular junctions with reproducible morphology and electrical response. The well-defined geometry enables predictable and intense plasmonic localization, which we show creates optical-frequency voltages ∼ 30 mV in the molecular junction from 100 μW incident light, generating photocurrent by optical rectification (>10 μA/W) from only a few hundred molecules. Quantitative agreement is thus obtained between DC- and optical-frequency quantum-tunneling currents, predicted by a simple analytic equation. By measuring the degree of junction asymmetry for different molecular monolayers, we find that molecules with a large DC rectification ratio also boost zero-bias electrical asymmetry, making them good candidates for sensing and energy harvesting applications in combination with plasmonic nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dean Kos
- NanoPhotonics Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, JJ Thompson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel R Assumpcao
- NanoPhotonics Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, JJ Thompson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Chenyang Guo
- NanoPhotonics Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, JJ Thompson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Jeremy J Baumberg
- NanoPhotonics Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, JJ Thompson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
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