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Alrbyawi H. Stimuli-Responsive Liposomes of 5-Fluorouracil: Progressive Steps for Safe and Effective Treatment of Colorectal Cancer. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:966. [PMID: 39065663 PMCID: PMC11280302 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16070966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) has become one of the most widely employed antimetabolite chemotherapeutic agents in recent decades to treat various types of cancer. It is considered the standard first-line treatment for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. Unfortunately, traditional chemotherapy with 5-FU presents many limitations, such as a short half-life, a low bioavailability, and a high cytotoxicity, affecting both tumor tissue and healthy tissue. In order to overcome the drawbacks of 5-FU and enhance its therapeutic effectiveness against colorectal cancer, many studies have focused on designing new delivery systems to successfully deliver 5-FU to tumor sites. Liposomes have gained attention as a well-accepted nanocarrier for several chemotherapeutic agents. These amphipathic spherical vesicles consist of one or more phospholipid bilayers, showing promise for the drug delivery of both hydrophobic and hydrophilic components in addition to distinctive properties, such as biodegradability, biocompatibility, a low toxicity, and non-immunogenicity. Recent progress in liposomes has mainly focused on chemical and structural modifications to specifically target and activate therapeutic actions against cancer within the proximity of tumors. This review provides a comprehensive overview of both internal-stimuli-responsive liposomes, such as those activated by enzymes or pH, and external-stimuli-responsive liposomes, such as those activated by the application of a magnetic field, light, or temperature variations, for the site-specific delivery of 5-FU in colorectal cancer therapy, along with the future perspectives of these smart-delivery liposomes in colorectal cancer. In addition, this review critically highlights recent innovations in the literature on various types of stimuli-responsive liposomal formulations designed to be applied either exogenously or endogenously and that have great potential in delivering 5-FU to colorectal cancer sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamad Alrbyawi
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Industries, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Madinah 41477, Saudi Arabia
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2
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Cao X, Liu Q, Shi W, Liu K, Deng T, Weng X, Pan S, Yu Q, Deng W, Yu J, Wang Q, Xiao G, Xu X. Microfluidic fabricated bisdemethoxycurcumin thermosensitive liposome with enhanced antitumor effect. Int J Pharm 2023; 641:123039. [PMID: 37225026 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC) is the main active ingredient that is isolated from Zingiberaceae plants, wherein it has excellent anti-tumor effects. However, insolubility in water limits its clinical application. Herein, we reported a microfluidic chip device that can load BDMC into the lipid bilayer to form BDMC thermosensitive liposome (BDMC TSL). The natural active ingredient glycyrrhizin was selected as the surfactant to improve solubility of BDMC. Particles of BDMC TSL had small size, homogenous size distribution, and enhanced cultimulative release in vitro. The anti-tumor effect of BDMC TSL on human hepatocellular carcinomas was investigated via 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide method, live/dead staining, and flowcytometry. These results showed that the formulated liposome had a strong cancer cell inhibitory, and presented a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on migration. Further mechanistic studies showed that BDMC TSL combined with mild local hyperthermia could significantly upregulate B cell lymphoma 2 associated X protein levels and decrease B cell lymphoma 2 protein levels, thereby inducing cell apoptosis. The BDMC TSL that was fabricated via microfluidic device were decomposed under mild local hyperthermia, which could beneficially enhance the anti-tumor effect of raw insoluble materials and promote translation of liposome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Cao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Centre for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China; Medicinal function development of new food resources, Jiangsu Provincial Research center, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Centre for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China; Medicinal function development of new food resources, Jiangsu Provincial Research center, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenwan Shi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Centre for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China; Medicinal function development of new food resources, Jiangsu Provincial Research center, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Centre for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China; Medicinal function development of new food resources, Jiangsu Provincial Research center, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianwen Deng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Centre for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China; Medicinal function development of new food resources, Jiangsu Provincial Research center, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuedi Weng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Centre for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Siting Pan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Centre for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingtong Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Centre for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China; Medicinal function development of new food resources, Jiangsu Provincial Research center, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenwen Deng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Centre for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China; Medicinal function development of new food resources, Jiangsu Provincial Research center, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangnan Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Centre for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China; Medicinal function development of new food resources, Jiangsu Provincial Research center, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qilong Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Centre for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China; Medicinal function development of new food resources, Jiangsu Provincial Research center, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Gao Xiao
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, Fujian, P. R. China.
| | - Ximing Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Centre for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China; Medicinal function development of new food resources, Jiangsu Provincial Research center, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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3
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Alphandéry E. Ultrasound and nanomaterial: an efficient pair to fight cancer. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:139. [PMID: 35300712 PMCID: PMC8930287 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01243-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Ultrasounds are often used in cancer treatment protocols, e.g. to collect tumor tissues in the right location using ultrasound-guided biopsy, to image the region of the tumor using more affordable and easier to use apparatus than MRI and CT, or to ablate tumor tissues using HIFU. The efficacy of these methods can be further improved by combining them with various nano-systems, thus enabling: (i) a better resolution of ultrasound imaging, allowing for example the visualization of angiogenic blood vessels, (ii) the specific tumor targeting of anti-tumor chemotherapeutic drugs or gases attached to or encapsulated in nano-systems and released in a controlled manner in the tumor under ultrasound application, (iii) tumor treatment at tumor site using more moderate heating temperatures than with HIFU. Furthermore, some nano-systems display adjustable sizes, i.e. nanobubbles can grow into micro-bubbles. Such dual size is advantageous since it enables gathering within the same unit the targeting properties of nano bubbles via EPR effect and the enhanced ultrasound contrasting properties of micro bubbles. Interestingly, the way in which nano-systems act against a tumor could in principle also be adjusted by accurately selecting the nano-system among a large choice and by tuning the values of the ultrasound parameters, which can lead, due to their mechanical nature, to specific effects such as cavitation that are usually not observed with purely electromagnetic waves and can potentially help destroying the tumor. This review highlights the clinical potential of these combined treatments that can improve the benefit/risk ratio of current cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edouard Alphandéry
- Sorbonne Université, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, UMR CNRS, 7590, IRD, Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de. Cosmochimie, IMPMC, 75005, Paris, France. .,Nanobacterie SARL, 36 boulevard Flandrin, 75116, Paris, France. .,Institute of Anatomy, UZH University of Zurich, Instiute of Anatomy, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Alrbyawi H, Poudel I, Annaji M, Arnold RD, Tiwari AK, Babu RJ. Recent Advancements of Stimuli-Responsive Targeted Liposomal Formulations for Cancer Drug Delivery. Pharm Nanotechnol 2022; 10:3-23. [PMID: 35156590 DOI: 10.2174/2211738510666220214102626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Liposomes have gained attention as a well-accepted nanocarrier for several chemotherapeutic drugs and are considered a drug delivery system of choice for a wide range of products. These amphipathic spherical vesicles primarily consist of one or more phospholipid bilayers, showing promise for drug delivery of both hydrophilic and hydrophobic components in addition to unique properties such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, low toxicity, and non-immunogenicity. Recent advances in liposomes are mainly centered on chemical and structural modification with the multifunctional approach to target the cancer cells activating the offensive mechanisms within the proximity of the tumors. Stimuli-responsive liposomes are a precisive approach to deliver and release chemotherapeutic drugs in the tumor site in a controlled fashion, thus reducing damage to normal tissues and preventing the side effects of the conventional chemotherapy regimen. The unique characteristics in the tumor microenvironment facilitate applying an endogenous stimulus (pH, redox potential, or enzymatic activity) to trigger the release of the drug, or external stimulus (heat or light) could be applied to tailor the drug release from liposomes. This review focuses on newer developments in stimuli-sensitive liposomal drug delivery systems designed to apply either exogenous (temperature, light, and magnetic field) or endogenous (pH changes, enzymatic triggers, or redox potential) approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamad Alrbyawi
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, AL 36849, USA
- Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ishwor Poudel
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, AL 36849, USA
| | - Manjusha Annaji
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, AL 36849, USA
| | - Robert D Arnold
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, AL 36849, USA
| | - Amit K Tiwari
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, 43614, USA
| | - R Jayachandra Babu
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, AL 36849, USA
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Abri Aghdam M, Bagheri R, Mosafer J, Baradaran B, Hashemzaei M, Baghbanzadeh A, de la Guardia M, Mokhtarzadeh A. Recent advances on thermosensitive and pH-sensitive liposomes employed in controlled release. J Control Release 2019; 315:1-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Abstract
Liposomes have been employed as cancer therapy clinically since the 1990s, with the primary benefit of reduced toxicity but no appreciable efficacy improvement. Thermosensitive liposomes (TSLs) are specifically formulated such that they release the encapsulated drug when exposed to hyperthermic temperatures in the fever range (~40-42°C) and have been investigated as cancer therapy for several decades, with first clinical trials initiated in the last decade. Combined with localized hyperthermia, TSLs allow precise drug delivery to a targeted region. Typically, the targeted tissue is exposed to localized hyperthermia facilitated by an image-guided hyperthermia device. Thus, TSLs enable image-guided drug delivery where drug is delivered to a tissue region identified by medical imaging. Recent TSL formulations are based on the more recent paradigm of intravascular triggered release, where drug is released rapidly (within seconds) while TSLs pass through the vasculature of the heated tissue region. The drug released within the blood then extravasates and is taken up by cancer cells. These TSLs enable up to 20-30 times higher tumor drug uptake compared to infusion of unencapsulated drug, and the dose locally delivered to the heated region can be modulated based on heating duration. This chapter reviews various TSL formulations, the different anticancer agents that have been encapsulated, as well as targeted cancer types. Further, the various hyperthermia devices that have been used for image-guided hyperthermia are reviewed, focusing on those that have been employed in human patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dieter Haemmerich
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States.
| | - Anjan Motamarry
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States; Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
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Rudramurthy GR, Swamy MK. Potential applications of engineered nanoparticles in medicine and biology: an update. J Biol Inorg Chem 2018; 23:1185-1204. [PMID: 30097748 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-018-1600-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology advancements have led to the development of its allied fields, such as nanoparticle synthesis and their applications in the field of biomedicine. Nanotechnology driven innovations have given a hope to the patients as well as physicians in solving the complex medical problems. Nanoparticles with a size ranging from 0.2 to 100 nm are associated with an increased surface to volume ratio. Moreover, the physico-chemical and biological properties of nanoparticles can be modified depending on the applications. Different nanoparticles have been documented with a wide range of applications in various fields of medicine and biology including cancer therapy, drug delivery, tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, biomolecules detection, and also as antimicrobial agents. However, the development of stable and effective nanoparticles requires a profound knowledge on both physico-chemical features of nanomaterials and their intended applications. Further, the health risks associated with the use of engineered nanoparticles needs a serious attention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mallappa Kumara Swamy
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Garello F, Terreno E. Sonosensitive MRI Nanosystems as Cancer Theranostics: A Recent Update. Front Chem 2018; 6:157. [PMID: 29868560 PMCID: PMC5949352 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2018.00157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the tireless search for innovative and more efficient cancer therapies, sonosensitive Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) agents play an important role. Basically, these systems consist of nano/microvesicles composed by a biocompatible membrane, responsive to ultrasound-induced thermal or mechanical effects, and an aqueous core, filled up with a MRI detectable probe and a therapeutic agent. They offer the possibility to trigger and monitor in real time drug release in a spatio-temporal domain, with the expectation to predict the therapeutic outcome. In this review, the key items to design sonosensitive MRI agents will be examined and an overview on the different approaches available so far will be given. Due to the extremely wide range of adopted ultrasound settings and formulations conceived, it is hard to compare the numerous preclinical studies reported. However, in general, a significantly better therapeutic outcome was noticed when exploiting ultrasound triggered drug release in comparison to traditional therapies, thus paving the way to the possible clinical translation of optimized sonosensitive MRI agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Garello
- Molecular and Preclinical Imaging Centers, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Enzo Terreno
- Molecular and Preclinical Imaging Centers, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
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Zhang L, Yin T, Li B, Zheng R, Qiu C, Lam KS, Zhang Q, Shuai X. Size-Modulable Nanoprobe for High-Performance Ultrasound Imaging and Drug Delivery against Cancer. ACS NANO 2018; 12:3449-3460. [PMID: 29634240 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b00076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Among medical imaging modalities available in the clinic, ultrasonography is the most convenient, inexpensive, ionizing-radiation-free, and most common. Micrometer-size perfluorocarbon bubbles have been used as efficient contrast for intravascular ultrasonography, but they are too big for tumor penetration. Nanodroplets (250-1000 nm) encapsulating both perfluorocarbon and drug have been used as an ultrasound-triggered release drug delivery platform against cancer, but they are generally not useful as a tumor imaging agent. The present study aims to develop a type of pH-sensitive, polymersome-based, perfluorocarbon encapsulated ultrasonographic nanoprobe, capable of maintaining at 178 nm during circulation and increasing to 437 nm at the acidic tumor microenvironment. Its small size allowed efficient tumor uptake. At the tumor site, the nanoparticle swells, resulting in lowering of the vaporization threshold for the perfluorocarbon, efficient conversion of nanoprobes to echogenic nano/microbubbles for ultrasonic imaging, and eventual release of doxorubicin from the theranostic nanoprobe for deep tissue chemotherapy, triggered by irradiation with low-frequency ultrasound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Liver Disease and Department of Medical Ultrasonic , The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510630 , China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center , University of California Davis , Sacramento , California 95817 , United States
- PCFM Lab of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , China
| | - Tinghui Yin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Liver Disease and Department of Medical Ultrasonic , The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510630 , China
| | - Bo Li
- PCFM Lab of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , China
| | - Rongqin Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Liver Disease and Department of Medical Ultrasonic , The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510630 , China
| | - Chen Qiu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Liver Disease and Department of Medical Ultrasonic , The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510630 , China
| | - Kit S Lam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center , University of California Davis , Sacramento , California 95817 , United States
| | - Qi Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Liver Disease and Department of Medical Ultrasonic , The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510630 , China
| | - Xintao Shuai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Liver Disease and Department of Medical Ultrasonic , The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510630 , China
- PCFM Lab of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , China
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Formation of protein corona in vivo affects drug release from temperature-sensitive liposomes. J Control Release 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.02.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Burke C, Dreher MR, Negussie AH, Mikhail AS, Yarmolenko P, Patel A, Skilskyj B, Wood BJ, Haemmerich D. Drug release kinetics of temperature sensitive liposomes measured at high-temporal resolution with a millifluidic device. Int J Hyperthermia 2017; 34:786-794. [PMID: 29284329 DOI: 10.1080/02656736.2017.1412504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Current release assays have inadequate temporal resolution ( ∼ 10 s) to characterise temperature sensitive liposomes (TSL) designed for intravascular triggered drug release, where release within the first few seconds is relevant for drug delivery. MATERIALS AND METHODS We developed a novel release assay based on a millifluidic device. A 500 µm capillary tube was heated by a temperature-controlled Peltier element. A TSL solution encapsulating a fluorescent compound was pumped through the tube, producing a fluorescence gradient along the tube due to TSL release. Release kinetics were measured by analysing fluorescence images of the tube. We measured three TSL formulations: traditional TSL (DPPC:DSPC:DSPE-PEF2000,80:15:5), MSPC-LTSL (DPPC:MSPC:DSPE-PEG2000,85:10:5) and MPPC-LTSL (DPPC:MMPC:PEF2000,86:10:4). TSL were loaded with either carboxyfluorescein (CF), Calcein, tetramethylrhodamine (TMR) or doxorubicin (Dox). TSL were diluted in one of the four buffers: phosphate buffered saline (PBS), 10% bovine serum albumin (BSA) solution, foetal bovine serum (FBS) or human plasma. Release was measured between 37-45 °C. RESULTS The millifluidic device allowed measurement of release kinetics within the first few seconds at ∼5 ms temporal resolution. Dox had the fastest release and highest release %, followed by CF, Calcein and TMR. Of the four buffers, release was fastest in human plasma, followed by FBS, BSA and PBS. CONCLUSIONS The millifluidic device allows measurement of TSL release at unprecedented temporal resolution, thus allowing adequate characterisation of TSL release at time scales relevant for intravascular triggered drug release. The type of buffer and encapsulated compound significantly affect release kinetics and need to be considered when designing and evaluating novel TSL-drug combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin Burke
- a Department of Bioengineering , George Mason University , Fairfax , VA , USA
| | | | - Ayele H Negussie
- c Center for Interventional Oncology, Radiology and Imaging Sciences , Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda , MD , USA
| | - Andrew S Mikhail
- c Center for Interventional Oncology, Radiology and Imaging Sciences , Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda , MD , USA
| | - Pavel Yarmolenko
- d Sheikh Zayed Institute, Children's National , Washington , DC , USA
| | - Aakash Patel
- d Sheikh Zayed Institute, Children's National , Washington , DC , USA.,e Department of Bioengineering , University of Maryland , College Park , MD , USA
| | - Brenden Skilskyj
- e Department of Bioengineering , University of Maryland , College Park , MD , USA
| | - Bradford J Wood
- c Center for Interventional Oncology, Radiology and Imaging Sciences , Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda , MD , USA
| | - Dieter Haemmerich
- f Department of Pediatrics , Medical University of South Carolina , Charleston , SC , USA
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Influence of cholesterol inclusion on the doxorubicin release characteristics of lysolipid-based thermosensitive liposomes. Int J Pharm 2017; 548:778-782. [PMID: 29126907 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Fast hyperthermia (i.e. 39-42 °C) triggered doxorubicin release from lysolipid-containing thermosensitive liposomes (LTSL) in the tumor vasculature has been demonstrated to result in considerable enhancement of bioavailable drug levels in heated tumor tissue in preclinical tumor models. However, there is also significant leakage of doxorubicin already at 37 °C in the bloodstream, making these LTSL less efficient and increasing the risk for systemic toxicity. In conventional liposomes, cholesterol is incorporated in the bilayer to increase the stability of the liposomes. Here, we investigate the effect of cholesterol inclusion on the doxorubicin release characteristics of LTSL at 37 °C and hyperthermic temperatures. For this purpose, three LTSL formulations with 0, 5 and 10 mol% cholesterol were prepared. Inclusion of cholesterol reduced the undesired doxorubicin leakage at 37 °C in Hepes-buffered saline (HBS) as well as in fetal bovine serum (FBS). The incorporation of cholesterol in the LTSL bilayers did not influence the hyperthermia-triggered release property of the LTSL. These results were supported by DSC measurements. Therefore, in conclusion, our data indicate that cholesterol inclusion in LTSL offers a simple solution to the problem of significant leakage of doxorubicin from LTSL already at 37 °C in the bloodstream.
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Alavizadeh SH, Gheybi F, Nikpoor AR, Badiee A, Golmohammadzadeh S, Jaafari MR. Therapeutic Efficacy of Cisplatin Thermosensitive Liposomes upon Mild Hyperthermia in C26 Tumor Bearing BALB/c Mice. Mol Pharm 2017; 14:712-721. [PMID: 28135098 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.6b01006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study reports on the activity of thermosensitive liposomes (TSLs) incorporating different HSPC ratios in DPPC/MSPC/PEG2000-DSPE matrix (90/10/4) plus mild hyperthermia (HT) (42 °C). TSLs were loaded with a poorly membrane permeable anticancer drug, cisplatin, through the passive equilibration method. The addition of HSPC to the corresponding DPPC lipid matrix increased the transition temperature. In vitro data demonstrated >90% cisplatin leakage from nanosized DPPC 90-lyso-TSL (LTSL) within 10 min at 42 °C, while other TSLs bearing HSPC showed greater stability. The plasma kinetics of cisplatin demonstrated higher cisplatin leakage from DPPC 90-LTSL in the first 4 h (from 17.4 to 0.4 μg/mL) compared to other formulations. Indeed, increasing HSPC fraction in liposome bilayers significantly improved drug retention in blood. Though DPPC 90-LTSL plus one-step HT was expected to provide a unique drug release, the premature drug leakage as well as the likely wash-back of a great portion of drug into the blood circulation resulted in reduced survival. On the other hand, stabilized DPPC 30/HSPC 60/MSPC 10/PEG2000-DSPE 4 liposomes plus two-step HT greatly enhanced the survival of animals. In particular, the improved delivery of cisplatin through stabilized DPPC 30/HSPC 60/MSPC 10/PEG2000-DSPE 4 liposomes in two-step mild HT enhanced antitumor efficacy compared to other formulations. Thus, prolonged exposure of cancer cells to cisplatin through stabilized liposomes would be an efficient approach in improving the survival of animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh Hoda Alavizadeh
- Biotechnology Research Center, Nanotechnology Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Mashhad 91775-1365, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Gheybi
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran
| | - Amin Reza Nikpoor
- Immunogenetic and Cell Culture Department, Immunology Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Badiee
- Nanotechnology Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Mashhad, Iran
| | - Shiva Golmohammadzadeh
- Nanotechnology Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Reza Jaafari
- Biotechnology Research Center, Nanotechnology Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Mashhad 91775-1365, Iran
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Boissenot T, Bordat A, Fattal E, Tsapis N. Ultrasound-triggered drug delivery for cancer treatment using drug delivery systems: From theoretical considerations to practical applications. J Control Release 2016; 241:144-163. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Revised: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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van der Geest T, Laverman P, Metselaar JM, Storm G, Boerman OC. Radionuclide imaging of liposomal drug delivery. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2016; 13:1231-42. [PMID: 27351233 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2016.1205584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ever since their discovery, liposomes have been radiolabeled to monitor their fate in vivo. Despite extensive preclinical studies, only a limited number of radiolabeled liposomal formulations have been examined in patients. Since they can play a crucial role in patient management, it is of importance to enable translation of radiolabeled liposomes into the clinic. AREAS COVERED Liposomes have demonstrated substantial advantages as drug delivery systems and can be efficiently radiolabeled. Potentially, radiolabeled drug-loaded liposomes form an elegant theranostic system, which can be tracked in vivo using single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) or positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. In this review, we discuss important aspects of liposomal research with a focus on the use of radiolabeled liposomes and their potential role in drug delivery and monitoring therapeutic effects. EXPERT OPINION Radiolabeled drug-loaded liposomes have been poorly investigated in patients and no radiolabeled liposomes have been approved for use in clinical practice. Evaluation of the risks, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and toxicity is necessary to meet pharmaceutical and commercial requirements. It remains to be demonstrated whether the results found in animal studies translate to humans before radiolabeled liposomes can be implemented into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tessa van der Geest
- a Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine , Radboud University Medical Center , Nijmegen , The Netherlands
| | - Peter Laverman
- a Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine , Radboud University Medical Center , Nijmegen , The Netherlands
| | - Josbert M Metselaar
- b Department of Experimental Molecular Imaging , University Clinic and Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH - Aachen University , Aachen , Germany.,c Department of Targeted Therapeutics , MIRA Institute, University of Twente , Enschede , The Netherlands
| | - Gert Storm
- c Department of Targeted Therapeutics , MIRA Institute, University of Twente , Enschede , The Netherlands.,d Department of Pharmaceutics , Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University , Utrecht , The Netherlands
| | - Otto C Boerman
- a Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine , Radboud University Medical Center , Nijmegen , The Netherlands
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Al-Ahmady Z, Kostarelos K. Chemical Components for the Design of Temperature-Responsive Vesicles as Cancer Therapeutics. Chem Rev 2016; 116:3883-918. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zahraa Al-Ahmady
- Nanomedicine Lab, Faculty of Medical & Human Sciences, University of Manchester, AV Hill Building, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom
- UCL
School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Life Science, University College London, Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom
- Manchester
Pharmacy School, University of Manchester, Stopford Building, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom
| | - Kostas Kostarelos
- Nanomedicine Lab, Faculty of Medical & Human Sciences, University of Manchester, AV Hill Building, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom
- UCL
School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Life Science, University College London, Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom
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Suzuki R, Omata D, Oda Y, Unga J, Negishi Y, Maruyama K. Cancer Therapy with Nanotechnology-Based Drug Delivery Systems: Applications and Challenges of Liposome Technologies for Advanced Cancer Therapy. METHODS IN PHARMACOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3121-7_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Dicheva BM, Seynhaeve ALB, Soulie T, Eggermont AMM, Ten Hagen TLM, Koning GA. Pharmacokinetics, Tissue Distribution and Therapeutic Effect of Cationic Thermosensitive Liposomal Doxorubicin Upon Mild Hyperthermia. Pharm Res 2015; 33:627-38. [PMID: 26518763 PMCID: PMC4744262 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-015-1815-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate pharmacokinetic profile, biodistribution and therapeutic effect of cationic thermosensitive liposomes (CTSL) encapsulating doxorubicin (Dox) upon mild hyperthermia (HT). METHODS Non-targeted thermosensitive liposomes (TSL) and CTSL were developed, loaded with Dox and characterized. Blood kinetics and biodistribution of Dox-TSL and Dox-CTSL were followed in B16BL6 tumor bearing mice upon normothermia (NT) or initial hyperthermia conditions. Efficacy study in B16BL6 tumor bearing mice was followed with Dox-TSL or Dox-CTSL upon NT or HT. Efficacy study in LLC tumor bearing mice was performed upon two HT conditions. Intravital microscopy was performed on B16BL6 tumors implanted in dorsal-skin fold window-bearing mice. RESULTS Targeting did not cause faster blood clearance of CTSL compared to TSL. Highest uptake of liposomes was observed in spleen, kidneys and liver. Applying HT prior to CTSL administration increased drug delivery to the tumor and CTSL delivered ~1.7 fold higher Dox concentration compared to TSL. Efficacy in B16BL6 murine melanoma showed that HT had a significant effect on CTSL in tumor suppression and prolonged survival. Efficacy in LLC Lewis lung carcinoma tumor model demonstrates that two HT treatments hold promises for a successful treatment option. CONCLUSION CTSL have potency to increase drug efficacy in tumors due to their targeted and drug release functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilyana M Dicheva
- Laboratory Experimental Surgical Oncology, Section Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Erasmus Medical Center, POBox 1738, 3000, DR, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ann L B Seynhaeve
- Laboratory Experimental Surgical Oncology, Section Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Erasmus Medical Center, POBox 1738, 3000, DR, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Soulie
- Laboratory Experimental Surgical Oncology, Section Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Erasmus Medical Center, POBox 1738, 3000, DR, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander M M Eggermont
- Laboratory Experimental Surgical Oncology, Section Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Erasmus Medical Center, POBox 1738, 3000, DR, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Timo L M Ten Hagen
- Laboratory Experimental Surgical Oncology, Section Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Erasmus Medical Center, POBox 1738, 3000, DR, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Gerben A Koning
- Laboratory Experimental Surgical Oncology, Section Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Erasmus Medical Center, POBox 1738, 3000, DR, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Clavel CM, Nowak-Sliwinska P, Păunescu E, Griffioen AW, Dyson PJ. In vivo evaluation of small-molecule thermoresponsive anticancer drugs potentiated by hyperthermia. Chem Sci 2015; 6:2795-2801. [PMID: 28706667 PMCID: PMC5489028 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc00613a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperthermia used as an adjuvant with chemotherapy is highly promising in the treatment of certain cancers. Currently, the small molecule drugs used in combination with hyperthermia were not designed for this application. Herein, we report the evaluation of a chlorambucil and a ruthenium compound modified with a long fluorous chain, which exhibit thermoresponsive activity in colorectal adenocarcinoma xenografts in athymic mice in combination with mild hyperthermia (42 °C). Intraperitoneal injection of the derivatives followed by local hyperthermia showed a synergistic tumor growth reduction by 79% and 90% for the chlorambucil and ruthenium-based derivatives, respectively, with the latter exhibiting a higher synergy in combination with hyperthermia compared to the monotherapies. Histological analysis shows that both derivatives in combination with hyperthermia significantly decrease the number of proliferating tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine M Clavel
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques , Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , CH-1015 Lausanne , Switzerland . ; ; Tel: +41 21 693 98 54
| | - Patrycja Nowak-Sliwinska
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques , Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , CH-1015 Lausanne , Switzerland . ; ; Tel: +41 21 693 98 54
| | - Emilia Păunescu
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques , Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , CH-1015 Lausanne , Switzerland . ; ; Tel: +41 21 693 98 54
| | - Arjan W Griffioen
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques , Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , CH-1015 Lausanne , Switzerland . ; ; Tel: +41 21 693 98 54
| | - Paul J Dyson
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques , Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , CH-1015 Lausanne , Switzerland . ; ; Tel: +41 21 693 98 54
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Liang X, Gao J, Jiang L, Luo J, Jing L, Li X, Jin Y, Dai Z. Nanohybrid liposomal cerasomes with good physiological stability and rapid temperature responsiveness for high intensity focused ultrasound triggered local chemotherapy of cancer. ACS NANO 2015; 9:1280-93. [PMID: 25599568 DOI: 10.1021/nn507482w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) and thermosensitive cerasomes (HTSCs) were successfully assembled by employing cerasome-forming lipid (CFL) in combination with the component lipids of conventional low temperature sensitive liposomes (LTSLs) including 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC), 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-[methoxy(polyethylene glycol)-2000] (DSPE-PEG-2000) and 1-stearoyl-2-hydroxy-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (MSPC). The HTSCs showed spherical shape with a mean diameter around 200 nm, exhibiting good biocompatibility. Both hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs can be efficiently encapsulated into HTSCs. In addition, the release rate of HTSCs could be conveniently adjusted by varying the molar ratios of CFL to DPPC. The drug loaded HTSCs showed much longer blood circulation time (half-life >8.50 ± 1.49 h) than conventional LTSLs (0.92 ± 0.17 h). An in vitro study demonstrated that the drug loaded HTSCs are highly stable at 37 °C and show a burst release at 42 °C, providing a capability to act synergistically against tumors. We found that the HTSCs with a proportion of 43.25% of CFL could release more than 90% hydrophilic drugs in 1 min at an elevated temperature of 42 °C generated by HIFU exposure. After intravenous injection of doxorubicin (DOX) loaded HTSCs at 5 mg DOX/kg, followed by double HIFU sonication, the tumor growth of the adenocarcinoma (MDA-MB-231) bearing mice could be significantly inhibited. Therefore, the drug loaded HTSCs combined with HIFU hold great potential for efficient local chemotherapy of cancer due to the ability to deliver high concentration of chemotherapy drugs directly to the tumor, achieve maximum therapeutic efficacy and minimal side effects, and avoid the damage to the healthy tissues caused by systemic administration of drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Liang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China
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22
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Nag OK, Yadav VR, Croft B, Hedrick A, Awasthi V. Liposomes Modified with Superhydrophilic Polymer Linked to a Nonphospholipid Anchor Exhibit Reduced Complement Activation and Enhanced Circulation. J Pharm Sci 2015; 104:114-23. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.24254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Revised: 10/07/2014] [Accepted: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Optimized thermosensitive liposomes for selective doxorubicin delivery: Formulation development, quality analysis and bioactivity proof. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2014; 121:248-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2014.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2013] [Revised: 01/26/2014] [Accepted: 02/17/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Lin J, Shigdar S, Fang DZ, Xiang D, Wei MQ, Danks A, Kong L, Li L, Qiao L, Duan W. Improved efficacy and reduced toxicity of doxorubicin encapsulated in sulfatide-containing nanoliposome in a glioma model. PLoS One 2014; 9:e103736. [PMID: 25072631 PMCID: PMC4114873 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2014] [Accepted: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
As a glycosphingolipid that can bind to several extracellular matrix proteins, sulfatide has the potential to become an effective targeting agent for tumors overexpressing tenasin-C in their microenvironment. To overcome the dose-limiting toxicity of doxorubicin (DOX), a sulfatide-containing nanoliposome (SCN) encapsulation approach was employed to improve treatment efficacy and reduce side effects of free DOX. This study analysed in vitro characteristics of sulfatide-containing nanoliposomal DOX (SCN-DOX) and assessed its cytotoxicity in vitro, as well as biodistribution, therapeutic efficacy, and systemic toxicity in a human glioblastoma U-118MG xenograft model. SCN-DOX was shown to achieve highest drug to lipid ratio (0.5∶1) and a remarkable in vitro stability. Moreover, DOX encapsulated in SCN was shown to be delivered into the nuclei and displayed prolonged retention over free DOX in U-118MG cells. This simple two-lipid SCN-DOX nanodrug has favourable pharmacokinetic attributes in terms of prolonged circulation time, reduced volume of distribution and enhanced bioavailability in healthy rats. As a result of the improved biodistribution, an enhanced treatment efficacy of SCN-DOX was found in glioma-bearing mice compared to the free drug. Finally, a reduction in the accumulation of DOX in the drug's principal toxicity organs achieved by SCN-DOX led to the diminished systemic toxicity as evident from the plasma biochemical analyses. Thus, SCN has the potential to be an effective and safer nano-carrier for targeted delivery of therapeutic agents to tumors with elevated expression of tenascin-C in their microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Lin
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Sarah Shigdar
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ding Zhi Fang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Dognxi Xiang
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ming Q. Wei
- School of Medical Science and Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport, Australia
| | - Andrew Danks
- Department of Surgery, Southern Clinical School, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lingxue Kong
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lianghong Li
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Cancer Stem Cell Research, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Liang Qiao
- Storr Liver Unit, Westmead Millennium Institute, the University of Sydney at the Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Wei Duan
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, Australia
- * E-mail:
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Park SM, Cha JM, Nam J, Kim MS, Park SJ, Park ES, Lee H, Kim HR. Formulation optimization and in vivo proof-of-concept study of thermosensitive liposomes balanced by phospholipid, elastin-like polypeptide, and cholesterol. PLoS One 2014; 9:e103116. [PMID: 25068721 PMCID: PMC4113353 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2014] [Accepted: 06/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
One application of nanotechnology in medicine that is presently being developed involves a drug delivery system (DDS) employing nanoparticles to deliver drugs to diseased sites in the body avoiding damage of healthy tissue. Recently, the mild hyperthermia-triggered drug delivery combined with anticancer agent-loaded thermosensitive liposomes was widely investigated. In this study, thermosensitive liposomes (TSLs), composed of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC), 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-[methoxy(polyethyleneglycol)-2000] (DSPE-PEG), cholesterol, and a fatty acid conjugated elastin-like polypeptide (ELP), were developed and optimized for triggered drug release, controlled by external heat stimuli. We introduced modified ELP, tunable for various biomedical purposes, to our thermosensitive liposome (e-TSL) to convey a high thermoresponsive property. We modulated thermosensitivity and stability by varying the ratios of e-TSL components, such as phospholipid, ELP, and cholesterol. Experimental data obtained in this study corresponded to results from a simulation study that demonstrated, through the calculation of the lateral diffusion coefficient, increased permeation of the lipid bilayer with higher ELP concentrations, and decreased permeation in the presence of cholesterol. Finally, we identified effective drug accumulation in tumor tissues and antitumor efficacy with our optimized e-TSL, while adjusting lag-times for systemic accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Min Park
- Drug Delivery System Group, Bio Research Center, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology (SAIT), Yongin, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Jae Min Cha
- Drug Delivery System Group, Bio Research Center, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology (SAIT), Yongin, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Jungyong Nam
- Drug Delivery System Group, Bio Research Center, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology (SAIT), Yongin, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Min Sang Kim
- Drug Delivery System Group, Bio Research Center, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology (SAIT), Yongin, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Sang-Jun Park
- Drug Delivery System Group, Bio Research Center, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology (SAIT), Yongin, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Eun Sung Park
- Drug Delivery System Group, Bio Research Center, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology (SAIT), Yongin, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Hwankyu Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Dankook University, Yongin, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Hyun Ryoung Kim
- Drug Delivery System Group, Bio Research Center, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology (SAIT), Yongin, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
- * E-mail:
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26
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Clavel CM, Păunescu E, Nowak-Sliwinska P, Dyson PJ. Thermoresponsive organometallic arene ruthenium complexes for tumour targeting. Chem Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3sc53185f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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Dicheva BM, Koning GA. Targeted thermosensitive liposomes: an attractive novel approach for increased drug delivery to solid tumors. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2013; 11:83-100. [PMID: 24320104 DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2014.866650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Currently available chemotherapy is hampered by a lack in tumor specificity and resulting toxicity. Small and long-circulating liposomes can preferentially deliver chemotherapeutic drugs to tumors upon extravasation from tumor vasculature. Although clinically used liposomal formulations demonstrated significant reduction in toxicity, enhancement of therapeutic activity has not fully met expectations. AREAS COVERED Low drug bioavailability from liposomal formulations and limited tumor accumulation remain major challenges to further improve therapeutic activity of liposomal chemotherapy. The aim of this review is to highlight strategies addressing these challenges. A first strategy uses hyperthermia and thermosensitive liposomes to improve tumor accumulation and trigger liposomal drug bioavailability. Image-guidance can aid online monitoring of heat and drug delivery and further personalize the treatment. A second strategy involves tumor-specific targeting to enhance drug delivery specificity and drug internalization. In addition, we review the potential of combinations of the two in one targeted thermosensitive-triggered drug delivery system. EXPERT OPINION Heat-triggered drug delivery using thermosensitive liposomes as well as the use of tumor vasculature or tumor cell-targeted liposomes are both promising strategies to improve liposomal chemotherapy. Preclinical evidence has been encouraging and both strategies are currently undergoing clinical evaluation. A combination of both strategies rendering targeted thermosensitive liposomes (TTSL) may appear as a new and attractive approach promoting tumor drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilyana M Dicheva
- Innovative Targeting Group, Laboratory Experimental Surgical Oncology, Section Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Erasmus Medical Center , Room Ee151b, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam , The Netherlands +31 10 7043963
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Nag OK, Awasthi V. Surface engineering of liposomes for stealth behavior. Pharmaceutics 2013; 5:542-69. [PMID: 24300562 PMCID: PMC3873679 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics5040542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2013] [Revised: 10/10/2013] [Accepted: 10/14/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Liposomes are used as a delivery vehicle for drug molecules and imaging agents. The major impetus in their biomedical applications comes from the ability to prolong their circulation half-life after administration. Conventional liposomes are easily recognized by the mononuclear phagocyte system and are rapidly cleared from the blood stream. Modification of the liposomal surface with hydrophilic polymers delays the elimination process by endowing them with stealth properties. In recent times, the development of various materials for surface engineering of liposomes and other nanomaterials has made remarkable progress. Poly(ethylene glycol)-linked phospholipids (PEG-PLs) are the best representatives of such materials. Although PEG-PLs have served the formulation scientists amazingly well, closer scrutiny has uncovered a few shortcomings, especially pertaining to immunogenicity and pharmaceutical characteristics (drug loading, targeting, etc.) of PEG. On the other hand, researchers have also begun questioning the biological behavior of the phospholipid portion in PEG-PLs. Consequently, stealth lipopolymers consisting of non-phospholipids and PEG-alternatives are being developed. These novel lipopolymers offer the potential advantages of structural versatility, reduced complement activation, greater stability, flexible handling and storage procedures and low cost. In this article, we review the materials available as alternatives to PEG and PEG-lipopolymers for effective surface modification of liposomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Okhil K Nag
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 1110 North Stonewall Avenue, Oklahoma City, OK 73117, USA.
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Park SM, Kim MS, Park SJ, Park ES, Choi KS, Kim YS, Kim HR. Novel temperature-triggered liposome with high stability: Formulation, in vitro evaluation, and in vivo study combined with high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU). J Control Release 2013; 170:373-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2013.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2012] [Revised: 03/19/2013] [Accepted: 06/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Elmowafy M, Viitala T, Ibrahim HM, Abu-Elyazid SK, Samy A, Kassem A, Yliperttula M. Silymarin loaded liposomes for hepatic targeting: in vitro evaluation and HepG2 drug uptake. Eur J Pharm Sci 2013; 50:161-71. [PMID: 23851081 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2013.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2013] [Revised: 06/04/2013] [Accepted: 06/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Silymarin has hepatoprotective properties and is used in treatment of various liver diseases, but its bioavailability from oral products is very poor. In order to overcome its poor oral bioavailability we have prepared silymarin loaded hepatic targeting liposomes suitable for parenteral administration. The liposomal formulations were composed of hydrogenated soy phosphatidylcholine and cholesterol with or without distearoylphosphoethanolamine-(polyethyleneglycol)-2000 and various amounts of β-sitosterol β-D-glucoside (Sito-G) as the hepatic targeting moiety. Increasing the amount of Sito-G in the liposomes gradually decreased drug encapsulation efficiencies from ∼70% to ∼60%; still showing promising drug encapsulation efficiencies. Addition of Sito-G to non-PEGylated liposomes clearly affected their drug release profiles and plasma protein interactions, whereas no effect on these was seen for the PEGylated liposomes. Non-PEGylated liposomes with 0.17 M ratio of Sito-G exhibited the highest cellular drug uptake of 37.5% for all of the studied liposome formulations. The highest cellular drug uptake in the case of PEGylated liposomes was 18%, which was achieved with 0.17 and 0.33 M ratio of added Sito-G. The liposome formulations with the highest drug delivery efficacy in this study showed hemolytic activities around 12.7% and were stable for at least 2 months upon storage in 20 mM HEPES buffer (pH 7.4) containing 1.5% Polysorbate 80 at 4 °C and room temperature. These results suggest that the Sito-G containing liposomes prepared in this work have hepatic targeting capability and that they are promising candidates for delivering silymarin to the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Elmowafy
- Division of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, 000014 Helsinki, Finland
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Lim SK, Shin DH, Choi MH, Kim JS. Enhanced antitumor efficacy of gemcitabine-loaded temperature-sensitive liposome by hyperthermia in tumor-bearing mice. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2013; 40:470-6. [DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2013.768631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Ta T, Porter TM. Thermosensitive liposomes for localized delivery and triggered release of chemotherapy. J Control Release 2013; 169:112-25. [PMID: 23583706 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2013.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 237] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2012] [Revised: 03/29/2013] [Accepted: 03/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Liposomes are a promising class of nanomedicine with the potential to provide site-specific chemotherapy, thus improving the quality of cancer patient care. First-generation liposomes have emerged as one of the first nanomedicines used clinically for localized delivery of chemotherapy. Second-generation liposomes, i.e. stimuli-responsive liposomes, have the potential to not only provide site-specific chemotherapy, but also triggered drug release and thus greater spatial and temporal control of therapy. Temperature-sensitive liposomes are an especially attractive option, as tumors can be heated in a controlled and predictable manner with external energy sources. Traditional thermosensitive liposomes are composed of lipids that undergo a gel-to-liquid phase transition at several degrees above physiological temperature. More recently, temperature-sensitization of liposomes has been demonstrated with the use of lysolipids and synthetic temperature-sensitive polymers. The design, drug release behavior, and clinical potential of various temperature-sensitive liposomes, as well as the various heating modalities used to trigger release, are discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terence Ta
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, 44 Cummington St., Room 403, Boston, USA.
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Zhang JX, Wang K, Mao ZF, Fan X, Jiang DL, Chen M, Cui L, Sun K, Dang SC. Application of liposomes in drug development--focus on gastroenterological targets. Int J Nanomedicine 2013; 8:1325-34. [PMID: 23630417 PMCID: PMC3623572 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s42153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, liposomes became a focal point in developing drug delivery systems. New liposomes, with novel lipid molecules or conjugates, and new formulations opened possibilities for safely and efficiently treating many diseases including cancers. New types of liposomes can prolong circulation time or specifically deliver drugs to therapeutic targets. This article concentrates on current developments in liposome based drug delivery systems for treating diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. We will review different types and uses of liposomes in the development of therapeutics for gastrointestinal diseases including inflammatory bowel diseases and colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Xin Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of General Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zheng-Fa Mao
- Department of General Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Fan
- Department of General Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - De-Li Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Cui
- Department of General Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kang Sun
- Department of General Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sheng-Chun Dang
- Department of General Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
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Li L, ten Hagen TLM, Hossann M, Süss R, van Rhoon GC, Eggermont AMM, Haemmerich D, Koning GA. Mild hyperthermia triggered doxorubicin release from optimized stealth thermosensitive liposomes improves intratumoral drug delivery and efficacy. J Control Release 2013; 168:142-50. [PMID: 23524188 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2013.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2012] [Revised: 03/09/2013] [Accepted: 03/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Liposome mediated anticancer drug delivery has the advantage of reducing cytotoxicity in healthy tissues. However, undesired slow drug release impedes the therapeutic efficacy of clinically applied PEG-liposomal doxorubicin (Dox). The aim of this study is to combine stealth thermosensitive liposomes (TSL) and local mild hyperthermia (HT) to increase bioavailable Dox levels in tumors. Dox was encapsulated in stealth TSL (~80nm) with optimized PEG concentration in the membrane, and compared with lysolipid-based Dox-LTSL for in vitro stability, release kinetics, and in vivo tumor growth control. In vitro cytotoxicity of Dox-TSL against murine BFS-1 sarcoma and, human BLM melanoma cell lines and Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVEC) under normothermia (37°C) and HT (42°C) was compared with non-encapsulated Dox. In vitro Dox uptake in nuclei was imaged in BLM and HUVEC. In vivo intravascular Dox release from TSL in BFS-1 tumors under local mild HT in dorsal skin flap window chamber models was captured by intravital confocal microscopy. Intravascular Dox-TSL release kinetics, penetration depth and interstitial Dox density were subjected to quantitative image analysis. Systemic Dox-TSL administration in combination with local mild HT on subcutaneous tumor growth control was compared to Dox-LTSL plus local mild HT. Dox-TSL was stable at 37°C, while released over 95% Dox within 1min in 90% serum at 42°C. Dox-TSL demonstrated efficient in vivo intratumoral Dox release under local mild HT, followed by significant Dox uptake by tumor and tumor vascular endothelial cells. Dox-TSL plus mild HT showed improved tumor growth control over Dox-LTSL plus mild HT. Survival after a single treatment of Dox-TSL plus mild HT was 67%, while survival after Dox-LTSL plus mild HT was 22%. This combination of Dox-TSL and local mild HT offers promising clinical opportunities to improve liposomal Dox delivery to solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Laboratory Experimental Surgical Oncology, Section Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Dewhirst MW, Landon CD, Hofmann CL, Stauffer PR. Novel approaches to treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatic metastases using thermal ablation and thermosensitive liposomes. Surg Oncol Clin N Am 2013; 22:545-61. [PMID: 23622079 DOI: 10.1016/j.soc.2013.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Because of the limitations of surgical resection, thermal ablation is commonly used for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma and liver metastases. Current methods of ablation can result in marginal recurrences of larger lesions and in tumors located near large vessels. This review presents a novel approach for extending treatment out to the margins where temperatures do not provide complete treatment with ablation alone, by combining thermal ablation with drug-loaded thermosensitive liposomes. A history of the development of thermosensitive liposomes is presented. Clinical trials have shown that the combination of radiofrequency ablation and doxorubicin-loaded thermosensitive liposomes is a promising treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark W Dewhirst
- Radiation Oncology Department, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Specific delivery of a drug to a target site is a major goal of drug delivery research. Using temperature-sensitive liposomes (TSLs) is one way to achieve this; the liposome acts as a protective carrier, allowing increased drug to flow through the bloodstream by minimizing clearance and non-specific uptake. On reaching microvessels within a heated tumor, the drug is released and quickly penetrates. A major advance in the field is ThermoDox® (Celsion), demonstrating significant improvements to the drug release rates and drug uptake in heated tumors (∼ 41°C). Most recently, magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) has been combined with TSL drug delivery to provide localized chemotherapy with simultaneous quantification of drug release within the tumor. AREAS COVERED In this article the field of hyperthermia-induced drug delivery is discussed, with an emphasis on the development of TSLs and their combination with hyperthermia (both mild and ablative) in cancer therapy. State-of-the-art image-guided heating technologies used with this combination strategy will also be presented, with examples of real-time monitoring of drug delivery and prediction of efficacy. EXPERT OPINION The specific delivery of drugs by combining hyperthermia with TSLs is showing great promise in the clinic and its potential will be even greater as the use of image-guided focused ultrasound becomes more widespread - a technique capable of penetrating deep within the body to heat a specific area with improved control. In conjunction with this, it is anticipated that multifunctional TSLs will be a major topic of study in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan P May
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Drug Delivery and Formulation Group, Medicinal Chemistry Platform, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A3, Canada
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Lin J, Yu Y, Shigdar S, Fang DZ, Du JR, Wei MQ, Danks A, Liu K, Duan W. Enhanced antitumor efficacy and reduced systemic toxicity of sulfatide-containing nanoliposomal doxorubicin in a xenograft model of colorectal cancer. PLoS One 2012; 7:e49277. [PMID: 23145140 PMCID: PMC3492268 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0049277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2012] [Accepted: 10/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Sulfatide is a glycosphingolipid known to interact with several extracellular matrix proteins, such as tenascin-C which is overexpressed in many types of cancer including that of the colon. In view of the limited success of chemotherapy in colorectal cancer and high toxicity of doxorubicin (DOX), a sulfatide-containing liposome (SCL) encapsulation approach was taken to overcome these barriers. This study assessed the in vitro cytotoxicity, biodistribution, therapeutic efficacy and systemic toxicity in vivo of sulfatide-containing liposomal doxorubicin (SCL-DOX) using human colonic adenocarcinoma HT-29 xenograft as the experimental model. In vitro, SCL-DOX was shown to be delivered into the nuclei and displayed prolonged retention compared with the free DOX. The use of this nanodrug delivery system to deliver DOX for treatment of tumor-bearing mice produced a much improved therapeutic efficacy in terms of tumor growth suppression and extended survival in contrast to the free drug. Furthermore, treatment of tumor-bearing mice with SCL-DOX resulted in a lower DOX uptake in the principal sites of toxicity of the free drug, namely the heart and skin, as well as reduced myelosuppression and diminished cardiotoxicity. Such natural lipid-guided nanodrug delivery systems may represent a new strategy for the development of effective anticancer chemotherapeutics targeting the tumor microenvironment for both primary tumor and micrometastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Lin
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yan Yu
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sarah Shigdar
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ding Zhi Fang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Rong Du
- Department of Pharmacology and Biopharmaceutics, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ming Q. Wei
- School of Medical Science and Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport, Australia
| | - Andrew Danks
- Department of Neurosurgery, Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ke Liu
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Duan
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, Australia
- * E-mail:
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Watanabe K, Kaneko M, Maitani Y. Functional coating of liposomes using a folate- polymer conjugate to target folate receptors. Int J Nanomedicine 2012; 7:3679-88. [PMID: 22888227 PMCID: PMC3414201 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s32853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Folate-polymer-coated liposomes were developed for targeted chemotherapy using doxorubicin (DXR) as a model drug. Folate-poly(L-lysine) (F–PLL) conjugates with a folate modification degree of 16.7 mol% on epsilon amino groups of PLL were synthesized. DXR-loaded anionic liposomes were coated with F–PLL, and the cellular association of F–PLL-coated liposomes was evaluated by flow cytometry, and confocal microscopy in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma KB cells overexpressing folate receptors (FRs), and human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells [FR (−)]. The existence of a polymer layer on the surface of F–PLL-coated liposomes was confirmed by zeta potential analysis. The KB cellular association of F–PLL-coated liposomal DXR was increased compared with that of PLL-coated liposomes and was inhibited in the presence of free folic acid. Twofold higher cytotoxicity of F–PLL-coated liposomal DXR was observed compared with that of the PLL-coated liposomal DXR in KB cells, but not in A549 cells, suggesting the presence of FR-mediated endocytosis. These results indicated that folate-targeted liposomes were prepared successfully by coating the folate–polymer conjugate F–PLL. This novel preparation method of folate-targeted liposomes is expected to provide a powerful tool for the development of a folate-targeting drug nanodevice as coating with ligand–polymer conjugates can be applicable to many kinds of particles, as well as to lipid-based particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuo Watanabe
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Hoshi University, Tokyo, Japan
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Tagami T, May JP, Ernsting MJ, Li SD. A thermosensitive liposome prepared with a Cu²⁺ gradient demonstrates improved pharmacokinetics, drug delivery and antitumor efficacy. J Control Release 2012; 161:142-9. [PMID: 22504351 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2012.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2012] [Revised: 03/13/2012] [Accepted: 03/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Here we report the development of an enhanced thermosensitive formulation composed of DPPC and Brij78, loaded with doxorubicin (DOX) using a Cu²⁺ gradient and post-inserted with an additional amount of Brij78. This optimal formulation (HaT-II: Hyperthermia-activated cytoToxic) displayed significantly improved stability in serum at 37 °C, and enhanced drug release rates at 41-42 °C, compared to LTSL (lyso-lipid temperature sensitive liposomes, DPPC/MSPC/DSPE-PEG₂₀₀₀=86/10/4, pH gradient drug loading). HaT-II released 100% DOX within 15-40s at 40-42 °C, with only 5% drug leakage at 37 °C after 30 min in serum, while LTSL lost 30% of its drug content at 37 °C and exhibited ~2-fold decreased release rate constants at 41-42 °C under the same conditions. The pharmacokinetics of DOX was significantly improved in non-heated HaT-II treated healthy mice with 2.5-fold increased area under the curve and 2-fold prolonged circulation half life compared to LTSL. This led to 2-fold improved drug delivery to the heated tumor by HaT-II (~20% injected dose/g tissue), relative to LTSL and significantly enhanced antitumor efficacy with complete inhibition of tumor growth after a single dose of HaT-II. Finally, HaT-II exhibited little toxicity in mice, inducing no body weight loss and no abnormality in the blood chemistry (10 mg DOX/kg).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuaki Tagami
- Drug Delivery and Formulation, Medicinal Chemistry Platform, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, 101 College Street, Suite 800, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A3, Canada
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40
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Near-Infrared Image-Guided Delivery and Controlled Release Using Optimized Thermosensitive Liposomes. Pharm Res 2012; 29:2092-103. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-012-0738-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2011] [Accepted: 03/12/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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41
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Clavel CM, Zava O, Schmitt F, Halamoda Kenzaoui B, Nazarov AA, Juillerat-Jeanneret L, Dyson PJ. Thermoresponsive Chlorambucil Derivatives for Tumour Targeting. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201101133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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42
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Clavel CM, Zava O, Schmitt F, Kenzaoui BH, Nazarov AA, Juillerat-Jeanneret L, Dyson PJ. Thermoresponsive chlorambucil derivatives for tumour targeting. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:7124-7. [PMID: 21688360 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201101133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2011] [Revised: 05/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine M Clavel
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
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Tagami T, Ernsting MJ, Li SD. Efficient tumor regression by a single and low dose treatment with a novel and enhanced formulation of thermosensitive liposomal doxorubicin. J Control Release 2011; 152:303-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2011.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2010] [Revised: 12/15/2010] [Accepted: 02/08/2011] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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He X. Thermostability of biological systems: fundamentals, challenges, and quantification. Open Biomed Eng J 2011; 5:47-73. [PMID: 21769301 PMCID: PMC3137158 DOI: 10.2174/1874120701105010047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2010] [Revised: 01/31/2011] [Accepted: 02/01/2011] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This review examines the fundamentals and challenges in engineering/understanding the thermostability of biological systems over a wide temperature range (from the cryogenic to hyperthermic regimen). Applications of the bio-thermostability engineering to either destroy unwanted or stabilize useful biologicals for the treatment of diseases in modern medicine are first introduced. Studies on the biological responses to cryogenic and hyperthermic temperatures for the various applications are reviewed to understand the mechanism of thermal (both cryo and hyperthermic) injury and its quantification at the molecular, cellular and tissue/organ levels. Methods for quantifying the thermophysical processes of the various applications are then summarized accounting for the effect of blood perfusion, metabolism, water transport across cell plasma membrane, and phase transition (both equilibrium and non-equilibrium such as ice formation and glass transition) of water. The review concludes with a summary of the status quo and future perspectives in engineering the thermostability of biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming He
- Multiscale Biothermostability Engineering Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Biomedical Engineering Program, University of South Carolina, 300 Main Street, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
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46
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Zhang W, Gilstrap K, Wu L, K C RB, Moss MA, Wang Q, Lu X, He X. Synthesis and characterization of thermally responsive Pluronic F127-chitosan nanocapsules for controlled release and intracellular delivery of small molecules. ACS NANO 2010; 4:6747-6759. [PMID: 21038924 DOI: 10.1021/nn101617n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we synthesized empty core-shell structured nanocapsules of Pluronic F127 and chitosan and characterized the thermal responsiveness of the nanocapsules in size and wall-permeability. Moreover, we determined the feasibility of using the nanocapsules to encapsulate small molecules for temperature-controlled release and intracellular delivery. The nanocapsules are ∼37 nm at 37 °C and expand to ∼240 nm when cooled to 4 °C in aqueous solutions, exhibiting >200 times change in volume. Moreover, the permeability of the nanocapsule wall is high at 4 °C (when the nanocapsules are swollen), allowing free diffusion of small molecules (ethidium bromide, MW = 394.3 Da) across the wall, while at 37 °C (when the nanocapsules are swollen), the wall-permeability is so low that the small molecules can be effectively withheld in the nanocapsule for hours. As a result of their thermal responsiveness in size and wall-permeability, the nanocapsules are capable of encapsulating the small molecules for temperature-controlled release and intracellular delivery into the cytosol of both cancerous (MCF-7) and noncancerous (C3H10T1/2) mammalian cells. The cancerous cells were found to take up the nanocapsules much faster than the noncancerous cells during 45 min incubation at 37 °C. Moreover, toxicity of the nanocapsules as a delivery vehicle was found to be negligible. The Pluronic F127-chitosan nanocapsules should be very useful for encapsulating small therapeutic agents to treat diseases particularly when it is combined with cryotherapy where the process of cooling and heating between 37 °C and hypothermic temperatures is naturally done.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wujie Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
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Shen H, Li XD, Wu CP, Yin YM, Wang RS, Shu YQ. The regimen of gemcitabine and cisplatin combined with radio frequency hyperthermia for advanced non-small cell lung cancer: A phase II study. Int J Hyperthermia 2010; 27:27-32. [DOI: 10.3109/02656736.2010.500645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Banno B, Ickenstein LM, Chiu GNC, Bally MB, Thewalt J, Brief E, Wasan EK. The functional roles of poly(ethylene glycol)-lipid and lysolipid in the drug retention and release from lysolipid-containing thermosensitive liposomes in vitro and in vivo. J Pharm Sci 2010; 99:2295-308. [PMID: 19902527 DOI: 10.1002/jps.21988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Triggered release of liposomal contents following tumor accumulation and mild local heating is pursued as a means of improving the therapeutic index of chemotherapeutic drugs. Lysolipid-containing thermosensitive liposomes (LTSLs) are composed of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC), the lysolipid monostearoylphosphatidylcholine (MSPC), and poly(ethylene glycol)-conjugated distearoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DSPE-PEG(2000)). We investigated the roles of DSPE-PEG(2000) and lysolipid in the functional performance of the LTSL-doxorubicin formulation. Varying PEG-lipid concentration (0-5 mol%) or bilayer orientation did not affect the release; however, lysolipid (0-10 mol%) had a concentration-dependent effect on drug release at 42 degrees C in vitro. Pharmacokinetics of various LTSL formulations were compared in mice with body temperature controlled at 37 degrees C. As expected, incorporation of the PEG-lipid increased doxorubicin plasma half-life; however, PEG-lipid orientation (bilayer vs. external leaflet) did not significantly improve circulation lifetime or drug retention in LTSL. Approximately 70% of lysolipid was lost within 1 h postinjection of LTSL, which could be due to interactions with the large membrane pool of the biological milieu. Considering that the present LTSL-doxorubicin formulation exhibits significant therapeutic activity when used in conjunction with mild heating, our current study provided critical insights into how the physicochemical properties of LTSL can be tailored to achieve better therapeutic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Banno
- Department of Advanced Therapeutics, BC Cancer Agency, 675 West 10th Ave., Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V5Z1L3
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50
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Hyperthermia and thermosensitive liposomes for improved delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs to solid tumors. Pharm Res 2010; 27:1750-4. [PMID: 20424894 PMCID: PMC2896623 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-010-0154-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2009] [Accepted: 04/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Lipid-based nanocarriers or liposomes have been proven successful in the delivery of chemotherapeutic agents and are currently applied clinically in the treatment of various types of cancer. Liposomes offer the advantage of a high drug payload, decreased drug toxicity and enhanced drug accumulation at tumor sites. Increased accumulation is due to the relatively leaky tumor vasculature that allows liposome extravasation. Between different types of tumors and even within one tumor, vascular permeability and thus liposome extravasation may differ greatly. Furthermore, upon accumulation of liposomes in the tumor area, drug bioavailability is not guaranteed. At present, these are the major issues for clinically used liposomal drugs. Mild hyperthermia (HT), the heating of tumor tissue to temperatures of up to 43°C, has been developed in the past decades as an established and efficacious treatment modality in combination with chemo- and radiotherapy. HT can be used to further improve liposomal chemotherapy in two ways: HT is known to increase vascular permeability in solid tumors and may therefore increase levels of liposome accumulation, and thermosensitive liposomes have been developed that can be triggered to release their contents upon hyperthermia. By applying these two strategies, drug delivery to tumors can be strongly enhanced.
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