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Shen R, Yang X, Liu M, Wang L, Zhang L, Ma X, Zhu X, Tong L. Preparation of bovine serum albumin-arabinoxylan cold-set gels by glucono-δ-lactone and salt ions double induction. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 277:133596. [PMID: 38960269 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
In order to investigate the effect of glucono-δ-lactone (GDL) and different salt ions (Na+ and Ca2+) induction on the cold-set gels of bovine serum albumin (BSA)-arabinoxylan (AX), the gel properties and structure of BSA-AX cold-set gels were evaluated by analyzing the gel strength, water-holding capacity, thermal properties, and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectra. It was shown that the best gel strength (109.15 g) was obtained when the ratio of BSA to AX was 15:1. The addition of 1 % GDL significantly improved the water-holding capacity, gel strength and thermal stability of the cold-set gels (p < 0.05), and the microstructure was smoother. Low concentrations of Na+ (3 mM) and Ca2+ (6 mM) significantly enhanced the hydrophobic interaction and hydrogen bonding between BSA and AX after acid induction, and the Na+-induced formation of a denser microstructure with a higher water-holding capacity (75.51 %). However, the excess salt ions disrupted the stable network structure of the cold-set gels and reduced their thermal stability and crystalline structure. The results of this study contribute to the understanding of the interactions between BSA and AX induced by GDL and salt ions, and provide a basis for designing hydrogels with different properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruheng Shen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xue Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Mengying Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Liyuan Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Li Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China.
| | - Xiaotong Ma
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaopeng Zhu
- Gansu Wanhe Grass and Livestock Industry Technology Development Co., Ltd., Lanzhou, China
| | - Lin Tong
- Inner Mongolia Horqin Cattle Industry Co., Horqin, China
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2
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Chen M, Corless EI, Engelward BP, Swager TM. Optical Detection of Interleukin-6 Using Liquid Janus Emulsions Using Hyperthermophilic Affinity Proteins. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:37076-37085. [PMID: 39246480 PMCID: PMC11375700 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c03959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
When equal volumes of two immiscible liquids are mixed (e.g., a hydrocarbon and a fluorocarbon), Janus droplets can form in an aqueous solution. In a gravity-aligned Janus droplet, the boundary between the two phases is flat and thus optically transparent when viewed from above. When tipped due to interactions with an analyte (i.e., agglutination), the resulting change in refraction and reflection yields an optical signal that can be detected and quantified. This study reports the detection and quantitation of interleukin-6 (IL-6) using emulsions functionalized at the hydrocarbon:aqueous interface with engineered proteins that bind IL-6 at high affinity and specificity. Hyperthermophilic affinity proteins (rcSso7d) are derived from thermophiles, giving them excellent thermal stability. Two rcSso7d affinity protein variants were synthesized with a noncanonical azide-functionalized amino acid to enable click chemistry to novel polymeric anchors embedded in the hydrocarbon phase. The two binding proteins recognize different epitopes, enabling the detection of both monomeric and dimeric IL-6 via agglutination. It is noteworthy that the rsSso7d protein variants, in addition to having superior thermal stability and facile recombinant synthesis in E. coli, show superior performance when compared to commercial antibodies for IL-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Elliot I Corless
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Bevin P Engelward
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Timothy M Swager
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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3
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Li D, Zhao Y, Zhang Y, An J, Huang J, Yang J. Encapsulation of Hydrophobic-but-Not-Lipophilic Perfluoro Liquids Based on a Self-Assembled Double Emulsion Template via Solvent Evaporation Method. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 39224975 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c04926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
The facile encapsulation of perfluoro liquids that are hydrophobic but not lipophilic into liposomes or microcapsules presents a significant challenge in the fields of biomedicine, dynamic optics, functional chemical applications, etc. This is due to their chemical inertness and physical immiscibility, particularly those with low boiling points. In this study, a novel strategy based on a double emulsion template via solvent evaporation is proposed after investigating the mechanism of three-phase emulsion systems. The perfluoro liquid droplets can be easily emulsified into a polymer solution as the second emulsion layer, where the polymer shell is formed during solvent evaporation in the continuum medium under proper processing controls. The morphology of particles is predictable and fits well with the linear model derived from Neumann's triangle in three-phase systems. Furthermore, a comprehensive study on the encapsulation of perfluoro ketone, which is widely used as a green fire extinguisher agent, is conducted as an example. The encapsulated perfluoro ketone showed instant thermal response upon heating while maintaining a good shelf life at room temperature. The remarkable fire suppression performance exhibited great potential for practical applications. This work offers more insight into the encapsulation of "naughty" perfluorinated chemicals and provides more possibilities for extended applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- Academy of Interdisciplinary Studies, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Yunxiao Zhang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Jinliang An
- Guangzhou HKUST Fok Ying Tung Research Institute, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511458, China
- School of Civil Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei 056038, China
| | - Jiaqiang Huang
- The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Sustainable Energy and Environment Thrust, Nansha, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511400, China
- HKUST Shenzhen-Hong Kong Collaborative Innovation Research Institute, Futian, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Jinglei Yang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Sustainable Energy and Environment Thrust, Nansha, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511400, China
- HKUST Shenzhen-Hong Kong Collaborative Innovation Research Institute, Futian, Shenzhen 518000, China
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Roh S, Yeo S, Bang RS, Han K, Velikov KP, Velev OD. Transparency-changing elastomers by controlling of the refractive index of liquid inclusions. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2024; 36:425101. [PMID: 38981584 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ad6110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Complex materials that change their optical properties in response to changes in environmental conditions can find applications in displays, smart windows, and optical sensors. Here a class of biphasic composites with stimuli-adaptive optical transmittance is introduced. The biphasic composites comprise aqueous droplets (a mixture of water, glycerol, and surfactant) embedded in an elastomeric matrix. The biphasic composites are tuned to be optically transparent through a careful match of the refractive indices between the aqueous droplets and the elastomeric matrix. We demonstrate that stimuli (e.g., salinity and temperature change) can trigger variations in the optical transmittance of the biphasic composite. The introduction of such transparency-changing soft matter with liquid inclusions offers a novel approach to designing advanced optical devices, optical sensors, and metamaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangchul Roh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, United States of America
- School of Chemical Engineering, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonju Yeo
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, United States of America
- Department of Bionic Machinery, KIMM Institute of AI Robot, Korea Institute of Machinery & Materials, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Rachel S Bang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, United States of America
| | - Koohee Han
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, United States of America
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Krassimir P Velikov
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, United States of America
- Unilever Innovation Centre Wageningen, Bronland 14, 6708 WH Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Institute of Physics, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Soft Condensed Matter, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 5, Utrecht, 3584 CC, The Netherlands
| | - Orlin D Velev
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, United States of America
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5
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Kulkarni V, Lolla VY, Tamvada S, Anand S. Bursting of Underwater Oil Drops. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 133:034004. [PMID: 39094157 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.133.034004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
For decades, two main facets of underwater oil spills have been explored extensively-the rise of oil drops and resulting evolution of the oil slick at the air-water interface. We report on the bursting of rising oil drops at an air-liquid interface which precedes slick formation and reveal a counterintuitive bulge reversal that releases a daughter oil droplet inside the bulk as opposed to upward-shooting jets observed in bursting air bubbles. By unraveling the underlying physics we show that daughter droplet size and bulk liquid properties are correlated and their formation can be suppressed by an increase in the bulk viscosity.
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Xuan L, Hou Y, Liang L, Wu J, Fan K, Lian L, Qiu J, Miao Y, Ravanbakhsh H, Xu M, Tang G. Microgels for Cell Delivery in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2024; 16:218. [PMID: 38884868 PMCID: PMC11183039 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-024-01421-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Microgels prepared from natural or synthetic hydrogel materials have aroused extensive attention as multifunctional cells or drug carriers, that are promising for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Microgels can also be aggregated into microporous scaffolds, promoting cell infiltration and proliferation for tissue repair. This review gives an overview of recent developments in the fabrication techniques and applications of microgels. A series of conventional and novel strategies including emulsification, microfluidic, lithography, electrospray, centrifugation, gas-shearing, three-dimensional bioprinting, etc. are discussed in depth. The characteristics and applications of microgels and microgel-based scaffolds for cell culture and delivery are elaborated with an emphasis on the advantages of these carriers in cell therapy. Additionally, we expound on the ongoing and foreseeable applications and current limitations of microgels and their aggregate in the field of biomedical engineering. Through stimulating innovative ideas, the present review paves new avenues for expanding the application of microgels in cell delivery techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyan Xuan
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingying Hou
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Liang
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, People's Republic of China
| | - Jialin Wu
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Fan
- School of Automation, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Liming Lian
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Jianhua Qiu
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingling Miao
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, People's Republic of China
| | - Hossein Ravanbakhsh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH, 44325, USA.
| | - Mingen Xu
- School of Automation, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, 310018, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guosheng Tang
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, People's Republic of China.
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7
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Nie G, Wei D, Ding Z, Ge L, Guo R. Controllable enzymatic hydrolysis in reverse Janus emulsion microreactors. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 663:591-600. [PMID: 38428116 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.02.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS The key feature of living cells is multicompartmentalization for enzymatic reactions. Artificial cell-like multicompartments with micro domains are appealing to mimic the biological counterparts. In addition, establishing a sustainable, efficient, and controllable reaction system for enzymatic hydrolysis is imperative for the production of natural fatty acids from animal and plant-based fats. EXPERIMENTS Reverse Janus emulsion microreactors, i.e. (W1 + W2)/O, is constructed through directly using natural fats as continuous phase and aqueous two-phase solutions (ATPS) as inner phases. Enzyme is confined in the compartmented aqueous droplets dominated by the salt of Na2SO4 and polyethylene glycol (PEG). Enzyme catalyzed ester hydrolysis employed as a model reaction is performed under the conditions of agitation-free and mild temperature. Regulation of reaction kinetics is investigated by diverse droplet topology, composition of inner ATPS, and on-demand emulsification. FINDINGS Excellent enzymatic activity toward hydrolysis of plant and animal oils achieves 88.5 % conversion after 3 h. Compartmented micro domains contribute to condense and organize the enzymes spatially. Timely removal of the products away from reaction sites of oil/water interface "pushed" the reaction forward. Distribution and transfer of enzyme in two aqueous lobes provide extra freedom in the regulation of hydrolysis kinetics, with equilibrium conversion controlled freely from 14.5 % to 88.5 %. Reversible "open" and "shut" of hydrolysis is acheived by on-demand emulsification and spontaneous demulsification. This paper paves the way to advancing progress in compartmentalized emulsion as a sustainable and high-efficiency platform for biocatalytic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangju Nie
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China
| | - Duo Wei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China
| | - Ziyu Ding
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China
| | - Lingling Ge
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China.
| | - Rong Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China.
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8
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Zhang M, Cheng Q, Han G, Liu S, Hou Z, Tian M, Wan C, Huang C, Xu J, Zhu J. Dynamic Electrostatic Interfacial Engineering for Block Copolymer Microparticles with Reversible Structures. ACS NANO 2024; 18:13876-13884. [PMID: 38756047 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c03099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Responsive nanoparticle surfactants (NPSs) can dynamically and reversibly modulate the interfacial interactions between incompatible components, which are essential in the interfacial catalysis, corrosion, and self-assembly of block copolymers (BCPs). However, NPSs with stimuli-responsive behavior often involve tedious chemical synthesis and surface modifications. Herein, we propose a strategy to in situ construct a kind of dynamic and reversible NPSs by the interfacial electrostatic interaction between the negatively charged nanoparticles (NPs) and the positively charged homopolymers. The NPSs assembled at the oil/water interface reduce the interfacial tension and direct the confined assembly of BCP. Meanwhile, the dynamic NPSs can be disassembled by increasing the pH value or introducing competitive electrostatic attractions, which can dynamically and reversibly change the interfacial properties as well as the alignment of polymer chains, enabling BCP microparticles with reversibly switchable lamellar and cylindrical structures. Furthermore, by the introduction of aggregation-induced emission luminogens as tails to the NPSs, the reversible transformation of BCP microparticles can be visualized by fluorescence emission, which is dependent on the nanostructures of microparticles. This work establishes a concept for dynamically manipulating interfacial interactions and reversibly switching BCP microparticles without time-consuming NPS synthesis, showing promising applications in the fabrication of smart materials with switchable structures and properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Zhang
- Key Lab of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion & Storage (HUST) of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Quanyong Cheng
- Key Lab of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion & Storage (HUST) of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Guoqiang Han
- Key Lab of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion & Storage (HUST) of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Simeng Liu
- Key Lab of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion & Storage (HUST) of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zaiyan Hou
- Key Lab of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion & Storage (HUST) of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Meirong Tian
- Key Lab of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion & Storage (HUST) of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Chuchu Wan
- Key Lab of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion & Storage (HUST) of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Caili Huang
- Key Lab of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion & Storage (HUST) of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jiangping Xu
- Key Lab of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion & Storage (HUST) of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jintao Zhu
- Key Lab of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion & Storage (HUST) of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
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9
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Luo Y, Li K, Luo J, Wen Y, Shi S. Nanoparticle Surfactants at Complex Emulsion Interfaces. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2401377. [PMID: 38778735 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202401377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Using nanoparticle surfactants to stabilize the liquid-liquid interface has attracted significant attention for developing all-liquid constructs including emulsions and liquid devices. Here, an efficient strategy is demonstrated to stabilize complex emulsions that consist of multiphase droplets by using the co-assembly between the cellulose nanocrystal and amine-functionalized polystyrene. Cellulose nanocrystal surfactants (CNCSs) form and assembly in situ at the specified area of emulsion interface, showing a unique pH responsiveness due to their dynamic nature and allowing the reconfiguration of complex emulsion from encapsulated to Janus structures. Such complex emulsions can be further used as the templates to fabricate polymeric particles with hollow, semi-spherical, and spherical shapes on large scale. These findings establish a promising platform for designing intelligent soft matter that can be used in microreactors, sensors, and anisotropic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzheng Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Kaijuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jiaqiu Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yunhui Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Shaowei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for the Synthesis and Applications of Waterborne Polymers, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
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10
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Min F, Dreiss CA, Chu Z. Dynamic covalent surfactants and their uses in the development of smart materials. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 327:103159. [PMID: 38640843 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2024.103159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Dynamic covalent chemistry, which leverages the dynamic nature of reversible covalent bonds controlled by the conditions of reaction equilibrium, has demonstrated great potential in diverse applications related to both the stability of covalent bonds and the possibility of exchanging building blocks, imparting to the systems the possibility of "error checking" and "proof-reading". By incorporating dynamic covalent bonds into surfactant molecular architectures, combinatorial libraries of surfactants with bespoke functionalities can be readily fabricated through a facile strategy, with minimum effort in organic synthesis. Consequently, a multidisciplinary field of research involving the creation and application of dynamic covalent surfactants has recently emerged, which has aroused great attention in surfactant and colloid science, supramolecular chemistry, self-assembly, smart materials, drug delivery, and nanotechnology. This review reports results in this field published over recent years, discusses the possibilities presented by dynamic covalent surfactants and their applications in developing smart self-assembled materials, and outlines some future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Min
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Greater Bay Area Institute for Innovation, Hunan University, Guangzhou 511300, China
| | - Cécile A Dreiss
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, UK.
| | - Zonglin Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Greater Bay Area Institute for Innovation, Hunan University, Guangzhou 511300, China.
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11
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Liang X, Karnaukh KM, Zhao L, Seshadri S, DuBose AJ, Bailey SJ, Cao Q, Cooper M, Xu H, Haggmark M, Helgeson ME, Gordon M, Luzzatto-Fegiz P, Read de Alaniz J, Zhu Y. Dynamic Manipulation of Droplets on Liquid-Infused Surfaces Using Photoresponsive Surfactant. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2024; 10:684-694. [PMID: 38559290 PMCID: PMC10979485 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.3c00982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Fast and programmable transport of droplets on a substrate is desirable in microfluidic, thermal, biomedical, and energy devices. Photoresponsive surfactants are promising candidates to manipulate droplet motion due to their ability to modify interfacial tension and generate "photo-Marangoni" flow under light stimuli. Previous works have demonstrated photo-Marangoni droplet migration in liquid media; however, migration on other substrates, including solid and liquid-infused surfaces (LIS), remains an outstanding challenge. Moreover, models of photo-Marangoni migration are still needed to identify optimal photoswitches and assess the feasibility of new applications. In this work, we demonstrate 2D droplet motion on liquid surfaces and on LIS, as well as rectilinear motion in solid capillary tubes. We synthesize photoswitches based on spiropyran and merocyanine, capable of tension changes of up to 5.5 mN/m across time scales as short as 1.7 s. A millimeter-sized droplet migrates at up to 5.5 mm/s on a liquid, and 0.25 mm/s on LIS. We observe an optimal droplet size for fast migration, which we explain by developing a scaling model. The model also predicts that faster migration is enabled by surfactants that maximize the ratio between the tension change and the photoswitching time. To better understand migration on LIS, we visualize the droplet flow using tracer particles, and we develop corresponding numerical simulations, finding reasonable agreement. The methods and insights demonstrated in this study enable advances for manipulation of droplets for microfluidic, thermal and water harvesting devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xichen Liang
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of California
at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5070, United States
| | - Kseniia M. Karnaukh
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California at
Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5070, United States
| | - Lei Zhao
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, University of
California at Santa Barbara, Santa
Barbara, California 93106-5070, United States
| | - Serena Seshadri
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California at
Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5070, United States
| | - Austin J. DuBose
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California at
Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5070, United States
| | - Sophia J. Bailey
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California at
Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5070, United States
| | - Qixuan Cao
- Department
of Physics, University of California at
Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5070, United States
| | - Marielle Cooper
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, University of
California at Santa Barbara, Santa
Barbara, California 93106-5070, United States
| | - Hao Xu
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, University of
California at Santa Barbara, Santa
Barbara, California 93106-5070, United States
| | - Michael Haggmark
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of California
at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5070, United States
| | - Matthew E. Helgeson
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of California
at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5070, United States
| | - Michael Gordon
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of California
at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5070, United States
| | - Paolo Luzzatto-Fegiz
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, University of
California at Santa Barbara, Santa
Barbara, California 93106-5070, United States
| | - Javier Read de Alaniz
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California at
Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5070, United States
| | - Yangying Zhu
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, University of
California at Santa Barbara, Santa
Barbara, California 93106-5070, United States
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12
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Wu J, Liu S, Ma X, Zhang C, Feng C, Wang L, Han J, Wang Y. Temperature-Sensitive Janus Particles PEG/SiO 2/PNIPAM-PEA: Applications in Foam Stabilization and Defoaming. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:1774-1784. [PMID: 38194298 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
The current study presents a scalable approach for the preparation of temperature-responsive PEG/SiO2/PNIPAM-PEA Janus particles and, for the first time, investigates their potential applications in stabilizing foam and defoaming by adjusting the temperature. The method utilizes a (W1 + O)/W2 emulsion system, which incorporates appropriate surfactants to stabilize the emulsion and prevent rapid dissolution of the hydrophilic triblock polymer PEG-b-PTEPM-b-PNIPAM in water. The PEG/SiO2/PNIPAM-PEA Janus particles with temperature-responsive characteristics were synthesized in a single step that combined the sol-gel reaction and photoinduced free radical polymerization. The contact angle of the hydrophilic PEG/SiO2/PNIPAM surface was measured to be 54.7 ± 0.1°, while the contact angle of the hydrophobic PEA surface was found to be 122.4 ± 0.1°. By incorporating PEG/SiO2/PNIPAM-PEA Janus particles at a temperature of 25 °C, the foam's half-life is significantly prolonged from 42 s to nearly 30 min. However, with an increase in temperature to 50 °C, the foam's half-life rapidly diminished to only 44 s. This innovative application effectively enhances foam stabilization at low temperatures and facilitates the rapid dissipation of foam at high temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiacong Wu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Shiyuan Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xinnan Ma
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Cailiang Zhang
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Chengxiang Feng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Lei Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Juan Han
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Yun Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
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13
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Lashkaripour A, McIntyre DP, Calhoun SGK, Krauth K, Densmore DM, Fordyce PM. Design automation of microfluidic single and double emulsion droplets with machine learning. Nat Commun 2024; 15:83. [PMID: 38167827 PMCID: PMC10761910 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44068-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Droplet microfluidics enables kHz screening of picoliter samples at a fraction of the cost of other high-throughput approaches. However, generating stable droplets with desired characteristics typically requires labor-intensive empirical optimization of device designs and flow conditions that limit adoption to specialist labs. Here, we compile a comprehensive droplet dataset and use it to train machine learning models capable of accurately predicting device geometries and flow conditions required to generate stable aqueous-in-oil and oil-in-aqueous single and double emulsions from 15 to 250 μm at rates up to 12000 Hz for different fluids commonly used in life sciences. Blind predictions by our models for as-yet-unseen fluids, geometries, and device materials yield accurate results, establishing their generalizability. Finally, we generate an easy-to-use design automation tool that yield droplets within 3 μm (<8%) of the desired diameter, facilitating tailored droplet-based platforms and accelerating their utility in life sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Lashkaripour
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - David P McIntyre
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Biological Design Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Karl Krauth
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Douglas M Densmore
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Biological Design Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Polly M Fordyce
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Chan-Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Sarafan ChEM-H Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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14
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Hester EW, Carney S, Shah V, Arnheim A, Patel B, Di Carlo D, Bertozzi AL. Fluid dynamics alters liquid-liquid phase separation in confined aqueous two-phase systems. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2306467120. [PMID: 38039270 PMCID: PMC10710025 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2306467120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Liquid-liquid phase separation is key to understanding aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) arising throughout cell biology, medical science, and the pharmaceutical industry. Controlling the detailed morphology of phase-separating compound droplets leads to new technologies for efficient single-cell analysis, targeted drug delivery, and effective cell scaffolds for wound healing. We present a computational model of liquid-liquid phase separation relevant to recent laboratory experiments with gelatin-polyethylene glycol mixtures. We include buoyancy and surface-tension-driven finite viscosity fluid dynamics with thermally induced phase separation. We show that the fluid dynamics greatly alters the evolution and equilibria of the phase separation problem. Notably, buoyancy plays a critical role in driving the ATPS to energy-minimizing crescent-shaped morphologies, and shear flows can generate a tenfold speedup in particle formation. Neglecting fluid dynamics produces incorrect minimum-energy droplet shapes. The model allows for optimization of current manufacturing procedures for structured microparticles and improves understanding of ATPS evolution in confined and flowing settings important in biology and biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric W. Hester
- Department of Mathematics, University of California, Los Angeles90095, CA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles90095, CA
| | - Sean Carney
- Department of Mathematics, University of California, Los Angeles90095, CA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles90095, CA
| | - Vishwesh Shah
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles90095, CA
| | - Alyssa Arnheim
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles90095, CA
| | - Bena Patel
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles90095, CA
| | - Dino Di Carlo
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles90095, CA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles90095, CA
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles90095, CA
| | - Andrea L. Bertozzi
- Department of Mathematics, University of California, Los Angeles90095, CA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles90095, CA
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles90095, CA
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15
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Baryzewska A, Roth C, Seeberger PH, Zeininger L. In situ Tracking of Exoenzyme Activity Using Droplet Luminescence Concentrators for Ratiometric Detection of Bacteria. ACS Sens 2023; 8:4143-4151. [PMID: 37933952 PMCID: PMC10683504 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c01385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a novel, rapid, and cost-effective biosensing paradigm that is based on an in situ visualization of bacterial exoenzyme activity using biphasic Janus emulsion droplets. Sensitization of the droplets toward dominant extracellular enzymes of bacterial pathogens is realized via selective functionalization of one hemisphere of Janus droplets with enzyme-cleavable surfactants. Surfactant cleavage results in an interfacial tension increase at the respective droplet interface, which readily transduces into a microscopically detectable change of the internal droplet morphologies. A macroscopic fluorescence read-out of such morphological transitions is obtained via ratiometrically recording the angle-dependent anisotropic emission signatures of perylene-containing droplets from two different angles. The optical read-out method facilitates detection of marginal morphological responses of polydisperse droplet samples that can be easily produced in any environment. The performance of Janus droplets as powerful optical transducers and signal amplifiers is highlighted by rapid (<4 h) and cost-effective antibody and DNA-free identification of three major foodborne pathogens, with detection thresholds of below 10 CFU mL-1 for Salmonella and <102 to 103 CFU mL-1 for Listeria and Escherichia coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata
W. Baryzewska
- Department
of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute
of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Muehlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Christian Roth
- Department
of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute
of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Muehlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Peter H. Seeberger
- Department
of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute
of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Muehlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Lukas Zeininger
- Department
of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute
of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Muehlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
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16
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Thaggard GC, Park KC, Lim J, Maldeni Kankanamalage BKP, Haimerl J, Wilson GR, McBride MK, Forrester KL, Adelson ER, Arnold VS, Wetthasinghe ST, Rassolov VA, Smith MD, Sosnin D, Aprahamian I, Karmakar M, Bag SK, Thakur A, Zhang M, Tang BZ, Castaño JA, Chaur MN, Lerch MM, Fischer RA, Aizenberg J, Herges R, Lehn JM, Shustova NB. Breaking the photoswitch speed limit. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7556. [PMID: 37985777 PMCID: PMC10660956 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43405-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The forthcoming generation of materials, including artificial muscles, recyclable and healable systems, photochromic heterogeneous catalysts, or tailorable supercapacitors, relies on the fundamental concept of rapid switching between two or more discrete forms in the solid state. Herein, we report a breakthrough in the "speed limit" of photochromic molecules on the example of sterically-demanding spiropyran derivatives through their integration within solvent-free confined space, allowing for engineering of the photoresponsive moiety environment and tailoring their photoisomerization rates. The presented conceptual approach realized through construction of the spiropyran environment results in ~1000 times switching enhancement even in the solid state compared to its behavior in solution, setting a record in the field of photochromic compounds. Moreover, integration of two distinct photochromic moieties in the same framework provided access to a dynamic range of rates as well as complementary switching in the material's optical profile, uncovering a previously inaccessible pathway for interstate rapid photoisomerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace C Thaggard
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, 29208, USA
| | - Kyoung Chul Park
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, 29208, USA
| | - Jaewoong Lim
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, 29208, USA
| | | | - Johanna Haimerl
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, 29208, USA
- Chair of Inorganic and Metal-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Gina R Wilson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, 29208, USA
| | - Margaret K McBride
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, 29208, USA
| | - Kelly L Forrester
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, 29208, USA
| | - Esther R Adelson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, 29208, USA
| | - Virginia S Arnold
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, 29208, USA
| | - Shehani T Wetthasinghe
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, 29208, USA
| | - Vitaly A Rassolov
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, 29208, USA
| | - Mark D Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, 29208, USA
| | - Daniil Sosnin
- Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA
| | - Ivan Aprahamian
- Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA
| | - Manisha Karmakar
- Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, 700032, Kolkata, India
| | - Sayan Kumar Bag
- Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, 700032, Kolkata, India
| | - Arunabha Thakur
- Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, 700032, Kolkata, India
| | - Minjie Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- School of Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China
- Center for Aggregation-Induced Emission, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- AIE Institute, Guangzhou Development District, Huangpu, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Jorge A Castaño
- Departamento de Química, Universidad del Valle, AA 25360, Cali, Colombia
| | - Manuel N Chaur
- Departamento de Química, Universidad del Valle, AA 25360, Cali, Colombia
- Centro de Excelencia en Neuvos Materiales (CENM), Universidad del Valle, AA 25360, Cali, Colombia
| | - Michael M Lerch
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Roland A Fischer
- Chair of Inorganic and Metal-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Joanna Aizenberg
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Rainer Herges
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Kiel, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jean-Marie Lehn
- Laboratoire de Chimie Supramoléculaire, Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS), Université de Strasbourg, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Natalia B Shustova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, 29208, USA.
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17
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Frank B, Antonietti M, Giusto P, Zeininger L. Photocharging of Carbon Nitride Thin Films for Controllable Manipulation of Droplet Force Gradient Sensors. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145. [PMID: 37934048 PMCID: PMC10655103 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c09084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Intentional generation, amplification, and discharging of chemical gradients is central to many nano- and micromanipulative technologies. We describe a straightforward strategy to direct chemical gradients inside a solution via local photoelectric surface charging of organic semiconducting thin films. We observed that the irradiation of carbon nitride thin films with ultraviolet light generates local and sustained surface charges in illuminated regions, inducing chemical gradients in adjacent solutions via charge-selective immobilization of surfactants onto the substrate. We studied these gradients using droplet force gradient sensors, complex emulsions with simultaneous and independent responsive modalities to transduce information on transient gradients in temperature, chemistry, and concentration via tilting, morphological reconfiguration, and chemotaxis. Fine control over the interaction between local, photoelectrically patterned, semiconducting carbon nitride thin films and their environment yields a new method to design chemomechanically responsive materials, potentially applicable to micromanipulative technologies including microfluidics, lab-on-a-chip devices, soft robotics, biochemical assays, and the sorting of colloids and cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley
D. Frank
- Department of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Markus Antonietti
- Department of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Paolo Giusto
- Department of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Lukas Zeininger
- Department of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
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18
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Durkin TJ, Barua B, Holmstrom JJ, Karanikola V, Savagatrup S. Functionalized Amphiphilic Block Copolymers and Complex Emulsions for Selective Sensing of Dissolved Metals at Liquid-Liquid Interfaces. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:12845-12854. [PMID: 37625160 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c01761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Increasing contamination in potable water supplies necessitates the development of sensing methods that provide the speed and selectivity necessary for safety. One promising method relies on recognition and detection at the liquid-liquid interface of dynamic complex emulsions. These all-liquid materials transduce changes in interfacial tensions into optical signals via the coupling of their chemical, physical, and optical properties. Thus, to introduce selectivity, it is necessary to modify the liquid-liquid interface with an interfacially stable and selective recognition unit. To this end, we report the synthesis and characterization of amphiphilic block copolymers modified with metal chelators to selectively measure the concentrations of dissolved metal ions. We find that significant reduction in interfacial tensions arises upon quantitative addition of metal ions with high affinity toward functionalized chelators. Furthermore, measurements from UV-vis spectroscopy reveal that complexation of the block copolymers with metal ions leads to an increase in surface excess and surfactant effectiveness. We also demonstrate selective detection of iron(III) cations (Fe3+) on the μM levels even through interference from other mono-, di-, or trivalent cations in complex matrices of synthetic groundwater. Our results provide a unique platform that couples selective recognition and modulation of interfacial behaviors and demonstrates a step forward in the development of the multiplexed sensing device needed to deconvolute the complicated array of contaminants that comprise real-world environmental samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler J Durkin
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, 1133 E. James E. Rogers Way, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Baishali Barua
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, 1133 E. James E. Rogers Way, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Jamie J Holmstrom
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, 1133 E. James E. Rogers Way, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Vasiliki Karanikola
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, 1133 E. James E. Rogers Way, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Suchol Savagatrup
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, 1133 E. James E. Rogers Way, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
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19
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Gu P, Luo X, Zhou S, Wang D, Li Z, Chai Y, Zhang Y, Shi S, Russell TP. Stabilizing Liquids Using Interfacial Supramolecular Assemblies. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202303789. [PMID: 37198522 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202303789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Stabilizing liquids based on supramolecular assembly (non-covalent intermolecular interactions) has attracted significant interest, due to the increasing demand for soft, liquid-based devices where the shape of the liquid is far from the equilibrium spherical shape. The components comprising these interfacial assemblies must have sufficient binding energies to the interface to prevent their ejection from the interface when the assemblies are compressed. Here, we highlight recent advances in structuring liquids based on non-covalent intermolecular interactions. We describe some of the progress made that reveals structure-property relationships. In addition to treating advances, we discuss some of the limitations and provide a perspective on future directions to inspire further studies on structured liquids based on supramolecular assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyang Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, P. R. China
| | - Xiaobo Luo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, P. R. China
| | - Shiyuan Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, P. R. China
| | - Danfeng Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, P. R. China
| | - Zhongyu Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, P. R. China
- School of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, P. R. China
| | - Yu Chai
- Department of Physics, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, P. R. China
| | - Yuzhe Zhang
- School of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, P. R. China
| | - Shaowei Shi
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Thomas P Russell
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
- Advanced Institute for Materials Research (WPI-AIMR), Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
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20
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Zeininger L. Responsive Janus droplets as modular sensory layers for the optical detection of bacteria. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023:10.1007/s00216-023-04838-w. [PMID: 37450000 PMCID: PMC10404245 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-04838-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
The field of biosensor development is fueled by innovations in new functional transduction materials and technologies. Material innovations promise to extend current sensor hardware limitations, reduce analysis costs, and ensure broad application of sensor methods. Optical sensors are particularly attractive because they enable sensitive and noninvasive analyte detection in near real-time. Optical transducers convert physical, chemical, or biological events into detectable changes in fluorescence, refractive index, or spectroscopic shifts. Thus, in addition to sophisticated biochemical selector designs, smart transducers can improve signal transmission and amplification, thereby greatly facilitating the practical applicability of biosensors, which, to date, is often hampered by complications such as difficult replication of reproducible selector-analyte interactions within a uniform and consistent sensing area. In this context, stimuli-responsive and optically active Janus emulsions, which are dispersions of kinetically stabilized biphasic fluid droplets, have emerged as a novel triggerable material platform that provides as a versatile and cost-effective alternative for the generation of reproducible, highly sensitive, and modular optical sensing layers. The intrinsic and unprecedented chemical-morphological-optical coupling inside Janus droplets has facilitated optical signal transduction and amplification in various chemo- and biosensor paradigms, which include examples for the rapid and cost-effective detection of major foodborne pathogens. These initial demonstrations resulted in detection limits that rival the capabilities of current commercial platforms. This trend article aims to present a conceptual summary of these initial efforts and to provide a concise and comprehensive overview of the pivotal kinetic and thermodynamic principles that govern the ability of Janus droplets to sensitively and selectively respond to and interact with bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Zeininger
- Department of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Muehlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.
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21
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Zhang Q, Inagaki NF, Ito T. Recent advances in micro-sized oxygen carriers inspired by red blood cells. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS 2023; 24:2223050. [PMID: 37363800 PMCID: PMC10288928 DOI: 10.1080/14686996.2023.2223050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Supplementing sufficient oxygen to cells is always challenging in biomedical engineering fields such as tissue engineering. Originating from the concept of a 'blood substitute', nano-sized artificial oxygen carriers (AOCs) have been studied for a long time for the optimization of the oxygen supplementation and improvement of hypoxia environments in vitro and in vivo. When circulating in our bodies, micro-sized human red blood cells (hRBCs) feature a high oxygen capacity, a unique biconcave shape, biomechanical and rheological properties, and low frictional surfaces, making them efficient natural oxygen carriers. Inspired by hRBCs, recent studies have focused on evolving different AOCs into microparticles more feasibly able to achieve desired architectures and morphologies and to obtain the corresponding advantages. Recent micro-sized AOCs have been developed into additional categories based on their principal oxygen-carrying or oxygen-releasing materials. Various biomaterials such as lipids, proteins, and polymers have also been used to prepare oxygen carriers owing to their rapid oxygen transfer, high oxygen capacity, excellent colloidal stability, biocompatibility, suitable biodegradability, and long storage. In this review, we concentrated on the fabrication techniques, applied biomaterials, and design considerations of micro-sized AOCs to illustrate the advances in their performances. We also compared certain recent micro-sized AOCs with hRBCs where applicable and appropriate. Furthermore, we discussed existing and potential applications of different types of micro-sized AOCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiming Zhang
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Natsuko F. Inagaki
- Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taichi Ito
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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22
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Maiti S, Roh S, Cohen I, Abbott NL. Non-equilibrium ordering of liquid crystalline (LC) films driven by external gradients in surfactant concentration. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 637:134-146. [PMID: 36696789 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.12.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Gradients in the concentration of amphiphiles play an important role in many non-equilibrium processes involving complex fluids. Here we explore if non-equilibrium interfacial behaviors of thermotropic (oily) liquid crystals (LCs) can amplify microscopic gradients in surfactant concentration into macroscopic optical signals. EXPERIMENTS We use a milli-fluidic system to generate gradients in aqueous sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) concentration and optically quantify the dynamic ordering of micrometer-thick nematic LC films that contact the gradients. FINDINGS We find that the reordering of the LCs is dominated by interfacial shearing by Marangoni flows, thus providing simple methods for rapid mapping of interfacial velocities from a single optical image and investigating the effects of confinement of surfactant-driven interfacial flows. Additionally, we establish that surface advection and surfactant desorption are the two key processes that regulate the interfacial flows, revealing that the dynamic response of the LC can provide rapid and potentially high throughput approaches to measurement of non-equilibrium interfacial properties of amphiphiles. We also observe flow-induced assemblies of microparticles to form at the LC interface, hinting at new non-equilibrium approaches to microparticle assembly. We conclude that dynamic states adopted by LCs in the presence of surfactant concentration gradients provide new opportunities for engineering complex fluids beyond equilibrium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumita Maiti
- Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
| | - Sangchul Roh
- Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
| | - Itai Cohen
- Laboratory of Atomic and Solid-State Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Kavli Institute at Cornell for Nanoscale Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
| | - Nicholas L Abbott
- Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
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23
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Li B, Chen X, Zhou Y, Zhao Y, Song T, Wu X, Shi W. Liquid-liquid phase separation of immiscible polymers at double emulsion interfaces for configurable microcapsules. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 641:299-308. [PMID: 36934577 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.03.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Abstract
Liquid-liquid phase separation at complex interfaces is a common phenomenon in biological systems and is also a fundamental basis to create synthetic materials in multicomponent mixtures. Understanding the liquid-liquid phase separation in well-defined macromolecular systems is anticipated to shed light on similar behaviors in cross-disciplinary areas. Here we study a series of immiscible polymers and reveal a generic phase diagram of liquid-liquid phase separation at double emulsion interfaces, which depicts the equilibrium structures by interfacial tension and polymer fraction. We further reveal that the interfacial tensions in various systems fall on a linear relationship with spreading coefficients. Based on this theoretical guideline, the liquid-liquid phase separation can be modulated by a low fraction of amphiphilic block copolymers, leading the double emulsion droplets configurable between compartments and anisotropic shapes. The solidified anisotropic microcapsules could provide unique orientation-sensitive optical properties and thermomechanical responses. The theoretical analysis and experimental protocol in this study yield a generalizable strategy to prepare multiphase double emulsions with controlled structures and desired properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baihui Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xiaotong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Tiantian Song
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xiaoxue Wu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Weichao Shi
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin 300071, China.
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24
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Barua B, Durkin TJ, Beeley IM, Gadh A, Savagatrup S. Multiplexed and continuous microfluidic sensors using dynamic complex droplets. SOFT MATTER 2023; 19:1930-1940. [PMID: 36807488 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm00074e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Emissive complex droplets with reconfigurable morphology and dynamic optical properties offer exciting opportunities as chemical sensors due to their stimuli-responsive characteristics. In this work, we demonstrated a real-time optical sensing platform that combines poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) microfluidics and complex droplets as sensing materials. We utilized a mechanism, called directional emission, to transduce changes in interfacial tension into optical signals. We discuss the fabrication and integration of PDMS microfluidics with complex emulsions to facilitate continuous measurement of fluorescent emission and, ultimately, the interfacial tensions. Furthermore, by varying the interfacial functionalization and fluorescent dye with characteristic wavelength, we generate multiple formulations of droplets and obtain differential responses to stimuli that alter interfacial tensions (i.e., composition of surfactants, pH). Our results illustrate a proof-of-concept multiplexed and continuous sensing platform with potential applications in miniaturized, on-site environmental monitoring and biosensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baishali Barua
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, 1133 E. James E. Rogers Way, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA.
| | - Tyler J Durkin
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, 1133 E. James E. Rogers Way, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA.
| | - Isabel M Beeley
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, 1133 E. James E. Rogers Way, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA.
| | - Aakanksha Gadh
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, 1133 E. James E. Rogers Way, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA.
| | - Suchol Savagatrup
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, 1133 E. James E. Rogers Way, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA.
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25
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Qin X, Bo Q, Qin P, Wang S, Liu K. Fabrication of WPI-EGCG covalent conjugates/gellan gum double network emulsion gels by duo-induction of GDL and CaCl2 for colon-controlled Lactobacillus Plantarum delivery. Food Chem 2023; 404:134513. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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26
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Tiwari M, Basavaraj MG, Dugyala VR. Tailoring Pickering Double Emulsions by in Situ Particle Surface Modification. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:2911-2921. [PMID: 36722867 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c02266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Fundamental studies on the formation and stability of Pickering double emulsions are crucial for their industrial applications. Available methods of double emulsion preparation involve multiple tedious steps and can formulate a particular type of double emulsion, that is, water-in-oil-in-water (w/o/w) or oil-in-water-in-oil (o/w/o). In this work, we proposed a simple single-step in situ surface modification method to stabilize different types of double emulsions using hematite and silica particle systems which involves the addition of oleic acid. In the emulsification studies, we use (i) a combination of hematite and oleic acid, which is termed the binary system, and (ii) a mixture of hematite and silica particles together with oleic acid, which is designated as the ternary system. The wettability of hematite particles is tuned by direct or sequential addition of oleic acid to the water-decane medium. The direct surface modification (which involves the addition of a known quantity of oleic acid to the oil-water mixtures at once) of hematite particles in both binary and ternary systems shows transitional phase inversion from oil-in-water (o/w) to water-in-oil (w/o) emulsions. However, sequential surface modification results in the transition of a single emulsion to double emulsions. In the case of the binary system, the sequential surface modification of the hematite-particle-stabilized o/w emulsion can be converted into double emulsions of o/w/o type. However, in the case of the ternary system, i.e., in the presence of silica particles, sequential surface modification of hematite particles stabilizes both single (o/w) and double (w/o/w and o/w/o) emulsions. The critical concentration of oleic acid required to form a double emulsion is observed to be dependent on the ratio of the surface area of the silica particle to the total surface area of particles (S) and mixing protocols. A study of the size distribution of oil and water droplets of double emulsions shows that droplet size can be controlled by oleic acid concentration and magnitude of S. The arrangements of the particles at interfaces are visualized by SEM imaging. In this way, we developed an easy and novel single-step method of double emulsion preparation and provide a strategy to tailor the formation of different types of emulsions with a single/binary particle system by sequential in situ surface modification of the particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhvi Tiwari
- Soft Matter and Active Matter Lab, Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal, 462 066Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Madivala G Basavaraj
- Polymer Engineering and Colloid Science (PECS) Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Venkateshwar Rao Dugyala
- Soft Matter and Active Matter Lab, Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal, 462 066Madhya Pradesh, India
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27
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Chew PY, Joseph JA, Collepardo-Guevara R, Reinhardt A. Thermodynamic origins of two-component multiphase condensates of proteins. Chem Sci 2023; 14:1820-1836. [PMID: 36819870 PMCID: PMC9931050 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc05873a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Intracellular condensates are highly multi-component systems in which complex phase behaviour can ensue, including the formation of architectures comprising multiple immiscible condensed phases. Relying solely on physical intuition to manipulate such condensates is difficult because of the complexity of their composition, and systematically learning the underlying rules experimentally would be extremely costly. We address this challenge by developing a computational approach to design pairs of protein sequences that result in well-separated multilayered condensates and elucidate the molecular origins of these compartments. Our method couples a genetic algorithm to a residue-resolution coarse-grained protein model. We demonstrate that we can design protein partners to form multiphase condensates containing naturally occurring proteins, such as the low-complexity domain of hnRNPA1 and its mutants, and show how homo- and heterotypic interactions must differ between proteins to result in multiphasicity. We also show that in some cases the specific pattern of amino-acid residues plays an important role. Our findings have wide-ranging implications for understanding and controlling the organisation, functions and material properties of biomolecular condensates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pin Yu Chew
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Jerelle A. Joseph
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of CambridgeCambridgeCB2 1EWUK,Department of Physics, University of CambridgeCambridgeCB3 0HEUK,Department of Genetics, University of CambridgeCambridgeCB2 3EHUK
| | - Rosana Collepardo-Guevara
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge Cambridge CB2 1EW UK .,Department of Physics, University of Cambridge Cambridge CB3 0HE UK.,Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge Cambridge CB2 3EH UK
| | - Aleks Reinhardt
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
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28
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Pavlovic M, Ramiya Ramesh Babu HK, Djalali S, Pavlovic Z, Vraneš M, Zeininger L. Dynamic In Situ Monitoring of the Salt Counter-ion Effect on Surfactant Effectiveness Using Reconfigurable Janus Emulsions. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:2152-2160. [PMID: 36744990 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c02346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A straightforward method for visualization and quantification of surfactant effectiveness within different electrolyte environments based on using reconfigurable Janus emulsions as novel optical probes is reported. More specifically, we investigated the effect of different types and concentrations of salt counter-ions on the surfactant surface excess of commercial ionic and non-ionic surfactants, namely sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and Tween 80 via in situ monitoring the morphological reconfigurations of biphasic Janus emulsions comprising hydrocarbon and fluorocarbon oils. We find that significant variations in interfacial tensions of SDS-stabilized interfaces (up to 15 mN·m-1) can be evoked by titrating mono-, di-, and trivalent cationic counter-ions, which is coherent with the lyotropic (Hofmeister) series. In contrast, the salt counter-ion effect on the surfactant effectiveness was less pronounced for the non-ionic surfactant Tween 80 (∼3 mN·m-1). Our results reveal a facile in situ method for monitoring the central role of electrolyte type and concentration on surfactant effectiveness and, more broadly, illustrate that Janus emulsions serve as powerful optical probes to dynamically study the properties of surfactants at liquid interfaces. We demonstrate the utility of our findings for an electro-induced morphological reconfiguration of Janus droplet morphologies by dynamically tuning Cu2+ concentration in solution using an electrode setup. The latter provides a unique platform for liquid-phase, real-time, and continuous tuning of Janus droplet morphologies, e.g., for their application in sensing and dynamic optical device platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko Pavlovic
- Department of Physics and John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, 29 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts02138, United States
- BioSense Institute, University of Novi Sad, Dr Zorana Djindjica 1, Novi Sad21000, Serbia
| | | | - Saveh Djalali
- Department of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute of Colloids & Interfaces, Am Muehlenberg 1, Potsdam14476, Germany
| | - Zoran Pavlovic
- BioSense Institute, University of Novi Sad, Dr Zorana Djindjica 1, Novi Sad21000, Serbia
| | - Milan Vraneš
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, Novi Sad21000, Serbia
| | - Lukas Zeininger
- Department of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute of Colloids & Interfaces, Am Muehlenberg 1, Potsdam14476, Germany
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29
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Nanostructure-free crescent-shaped microparticles as full-color reflective pigments. Nat Commun 2023; 14:793. [PMID: 36774360 PMCID: PMC9922275 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36482-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Structural colors provide a promising visualization with high color saturation, iridescent characteristics, and fade resistance. However, pragmatic uses are frequently impeded by complex manufacturing processes for sophisticated nanostructures. Here, we report a facile emulsion-templating strategy to produce crescent-shaped microparticles as structural color pigments. The micro-crescents exhibit brilliant colors under directional light originating from total internal reflections and optical interferences in the absence of periodic nanostructures while being transparent under ambient light. The colors are finely tunable by adjusting the size of the micro-crescents, which can be further mixed to enrich the variety. Importantly, the pre-defined convex surface secures high stability of colors and enables structural coloration on target surfaces through direct deposition as inks. We anticipate this class of nanostructure-free structural colorants is pragmatic as invisible inks in particular for anti-counterfeiting patches and color cosmetics with distinctive impressions due to low-cost, scalable manufacturing, unique optical properties, and versatility.
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30
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Tang L, Qin F, Gong D, Pan L, Zhou C, Ling R, Shen W, Fan Q, Yi W, Wu F, Wu X, Zhang W, Yang J. Behaviors of self-delivery lidocaine nano systems affected by intermolecular interaction. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:1653-1656. [PMID: 36688632 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc06519c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Lidocaine salts self-assembled into different nano systems in water at a clinical dosage (2%, 0.2 mL) without excipient addition, and led to different sensory block durations and acute systemic toxicities, which were affected by the self-delivery and self-release behaviors of the salts in vivo. These differences were mainly caused by intermolecular π-π stacking under different conditions, which was proved by the unique supramolecular arrangement of gourd-shaped Janus particles. π-π stacking in lidocaine nano systems can be enhanced by carbon dioxide addition or the exchange of counter ions from Br- to Cl-. Without π-π stacking, nano systems self-assembled by lidocaine hydrobromide achieved 7.8 h sensory block by intradermal administration on rats, which is much longer than the efficacy of classical local anesthetics and more suitable for postoperative treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Tang
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China. .,Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Feng Qin
- West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Deying Gong
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China. .,Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - LiLi Pan
- West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Changcui Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China. .,Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Rui Ling
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China. .,Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Wenxue Shen
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China. .,Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Qin Fan
- West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Wenhao Yi
- West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Fengbo Wu
- West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoai Wu
- West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Weiyi Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China. .,Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China. .,Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
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31
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Lim I, Yu Lin E, Garcia J, Jia S, Sommerhalter RE, Ghosh SK, Gladysz JA, Sletten EM. Shortwave Infrared Fluorofluorophores for Multicolor In Vivo Imaging. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202215200. [PMID: 36470851 PMCID: PMC9892283 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202215200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Developing chemical tools to detect and influence biological processes is a cornerstone of chemical biology. Here we combine two tools which rely on orthogonality- perfluorocarbons and multiplexed shortwave infrared (SWIR) fluorescence imaging- to visualize nanoemulsions in real time in living mice. Drawing inspiration from fluorous and SWIR fluorophore development, we prepared two SWIR-emissive, fluorous-soluble chromenylium polymethine dyes. These are the most red-shifted fluorous fluorophores- "fluorofluorophores"-to date. After characterizing the dyes, their utility was demonstrated by tracking perfluorocarbon nanoemulsion biodistribution in vivo. Using an excitation-multiplexed approach to image two variables simultaneously, we gained insight into the importance of size and surfactant identity on biodistribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Lim
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Dr. East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Eric Yu Lin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Dr. East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Joseph Garcia
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Dr. East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Shang Jia
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Dr. East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Robert E Sommerhalter
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, PO Box 30012, College Station, TX 77842, USA
| | - Subrata K Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, PO Box 30012, College Station, TX 77842, USA
| | - John A Gladysz
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, PO Box 30012, College Station, TX 77842, USA
| | - Ellen M Sletten
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Dr. East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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32
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Marqués PS, Krajewska M, Frank BD, Prochaska K, Zeininger L. Morphology-Dependent Aggregation-Induced Emission of Janus Emulsion Surfactants. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203790. [PMID: 36661211 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
We report a novel stimuli-responsive fluorescent material platform that relies on an evocation of aggregation-induced emission (AIE) from tetraphenylethylene (TPE)-based surfactants localized at one hemisphere of biphasic micro-scale Janus emulsion droplets. Dynamic alterations in the available interfacial area were evoked through surfactant-induced dynamic changes of the internal droplet morphology that can be modulated as a function of the balance of interfacial tensions of the droplet constituent phases. Thus, by analogy with a Langmuir-Blodgett trough that enables selective concentration of surfactants at a liquid-gas interface, we demonstrate here a method for controllable modulation of the available interfacial area of surfactant-functionalized liquid-liquid interfaces. We show that a morphology-dependent alteration of the interfacial area can be used to evoke an optical signal, by selectively assembling synthesized TPE-based surfactants on the respective droplet interfaces. A trigger-induced increase in the concentration of TPE-based surfactants at the liquid-liquid interfaces results in an evocation of aggregation-induced emission (AIE), inducing an up to 3.9-fold increase in the measured emission intensity of the droplets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Simón Marqués
- Department of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Muehlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Martyna Krajewska
- Department of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Muehlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965, Poznan, Poland
| | - Bradley D Frank
- Department of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Muehlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Krystyna Prochaska
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965, Poznan, Poland
| | - Lukas Zeininger
- Department of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Muehlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
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33
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Tang L, Yi W, Qin F, Fan Q. Switchable Nanostructures Triggered by Noyori-Type Organometallics. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:19668-19672. [PMID: 36454590 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c03567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Janus particles (JPs) self-assembled by a typical small organic gemini surfactant in water were reported by us. After the addition of a small amount Noyori-type organometallics to an organic solvent, these gourd-shaped JPs became new nanostructures, such as nanotubes (NTs), nanoribbons (NRs), and new types of JPs. Significant changes in specific rotation occurred on the solution-like samples, triggered by chiral organometallics in 20 μL of ethyl acetate. Almost all of these organometallics-triggered nanostructures can be conveniently detached and reversed within 5 min due to the easy-phase separation of ethyl acetate from the emulsion and the chemical-selective unstable binding between the organometallics and carbonate group on the surfactant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Tang
- Laboratory of Anaestheisa and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wenhao Yi
- West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Feng Qin
- West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qin Fan
- West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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34
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Liu S, Hu Y, Xia J, Li N, Fan H, Duan M. The attraction between like-charged oil-in-water emulsion droplets induced by ionic micelles. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.130143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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35
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Ren J, Zhang Z, Zong Z, Zhang L, Zhou F. Emerging Implications of Phase Separation in Cancer. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2202855. [PMID: 36117111 PMCID: PMC9631093 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202202855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
In eukaryotic cells, biological activities are executed in distinct cellular compartments or organelles. Canonical organelles with membrane-bound structures are well understood. Cells also inherently contain versatile membrane-less organelles (MLOs) that feature liquid or gel-like bodies. A biophysical process termed liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) elucidates how MLOs form through dynamic biomolecule assembly. LLPS-related molecules often have multivalency, which is essential for low-affinity inter- or intra-molecule interactions to trigger phase separation. Accumulating evidence shows that LLPS concentrates and organizes desired molecules or segregates unneeded molecules in cells. Thus, MLOs have tunable functional specificity in response to environmental stimuli and metabolic processes. Aberrant LLPS is widely associated with several hallmarks of cancer, including sustained proliferative signaling, growth suppressor evasion, cell death resistance, telomere maintenance, DNA damage repair, etc. Insights into the molecular mechanisms of LLPS provide new insights into cancer therapeutics. Here, the current understanding of the emerging concepts of LLPS and its involvement in cancer are comprehensively reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Ren
- School of MedicineZhejiang University City CollegeHangzhou215123China
- The Eighth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityShenzhen518033China
| | - Zhenyu Zhang
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenan450003China
| | - Zhi Zong
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling NetworkLife Sciences InstituteZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China
| | - Long Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling NetworkLife Sciences InstituteZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China
- International Biomed‐X Research Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Cancer CenterZhejiang UniversityHangzhou215123China
| | - Fangfang Zhou
- School of MedicineZhejiang University City CollegeHangzhou215123China
- Institutes of Biology and Medical SciencesSoochow UniversitySuzhou215123China
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36
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Hua Z, Man J, Liu G, Li J, Zhou C, Xia H, Li J. Complex Suspended Janus Droplets Constructed through Solvent Evaporation-Induced Phase Separation at the Air-Liquid Interface. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:10994-11002. [PMID: 36048165 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c01460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Phase separation technology has attracted extensive scientific interest because of its intriguing structure changes during the phase separation process. Phase separation inside emulsion droplets in continuous surroundings has been well studied in recent years. Many investigations have also been conducted to study the droplet phase separation phenomena in noncontinuous surroundings. However, studies on the phase separation phenomena and the spreading behavior of suspended droplets at the air-liquid interface were rarely reported. In this study, PEGDA-glycerol suspended Janus droplets with a patchy structure were produced by utilizing solvent evaporation-induced droplet phase separation at the air-liquid interface. By altering the glycerol/PEGDA volume ratio, the initial proportion of ethanol, and the concentration of surfactants, suspended droplets with different morphologies can be achieved, which include filbert-shaped droplets (FSDs), half lotus seedpod single-phase Janus droplets (HLSDs), lotus seedpod single-phase Janus droplets (LSDs), lotus seedpod-shaped droplets (LSSDs), multiple-bulge droplets (MBDs), and half gourd-shaped droplets (HGSDs). A patchy structure was generated at the air-droplet interface, which was attributed to the Marangoni stresses induced by nonuniform evaporation. Furthermore, a modified spreading coefficient theory was constructed and verified to illustrate the phase separation at the air-droplet interface, which was the first research to predict the phase separation phenomena at the air-liquid interface via spreading coefficients theory. Moreover, we studied the factors that led to the droplets being able to float by designing the combined parameters, including three interfacial tensions and the equilibrium contact angles. Therefore, a simple and versatile strategy for creating suspended Janus droplets has been developed for the first time, which holds significant potential in a variety of applications for material synthesis, such as the electrospinning solution behavior when sprayed from the nozzle into the air.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Chenchen Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
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37
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Anisotropic droplets with uniform internal structure prepared in batch-scale by combination of vortex mixing and phase separation. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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38
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Gouveia B, Kim Y, Shaevitz JW, Petry S, Stone HA, Brangwynne CP. Capillary forces generated by biomolecular condensates. Nature 2022; 609:255-264. [PMID: 36071192 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05138-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Liquid-liquid phase separation and related phase transitions have emerged as generic mechanisms in living cells for the formation of membraneless compartments or biomolecular condensates. The surface between two immiscible phases has an interfacial tension, generating capillary forces that can perform work on the surrounding environment. Here we present the physical principles of capillarity, including examples of how capillary forces structure multiphase condensates and remodel biological substrates. As with other mechanisms of intracellular force generation, for example, molecular motors, capillary forces can influence biological processes. Identifying the biomolecular determinants of condensate capillarity represents an exciting frontier, bridging soft matter physics and cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernardo Gouveia
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Yoonji Kim
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | | | - Sabine Petry
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Howard A Stone
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.
| | - Clifford P Brangwynne
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA. .,The Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Princeton, NJ, USA.
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39
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Zhang F, Zhang Z, Liu R, Wei J, Yang Z. Functional Droplets Stabilized by Interfacially Self‐Assembled Chiral Nanocomposites. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202206520. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202206520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fenghua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong University Jinan 250100 P.R. China
| | - Zongze Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong University Jinan 250100 P.R. China
| | - Rongjuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong University Jinan 250100 P.R. China
| | - Jingjing Wei
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong University Jinan 250100 P.R. China
| | - Zhijie Yang
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong University Jinan 250100 P.R. China
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40
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Li Y, Xu J, Hu L. Synthesis and comparative studies on the surface-active and biological properties of linear poly(glycidol) esters. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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41
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Ultrahigh efficient emulsification with drag-reducing liquid gating interfacial behavior. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2206462119. [PMID: 35858305 PMCID: PMC9304007 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2206462119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Emulsification is a crucial technique for mixing immiscible liquids into droplets in numerous areas ranging from food to medicine to chemical synthesis. Commercial emulsification methods are promising for high production, but suffer from high energy input. Here, we report a very simple and scalable emulsification method that employs the drag-reducing liquid gating structure to create a smooth liquid-liquid interface for the reduction of resistance and tunable generation of droplets with good uniformity. Theoretical modeling and experimental results demonstrate that our method exhibits ultrahigh efficiency, which can reach up to more than 4 orders of magnitude greater energy-saving compared to commercial methods. For temperature-sensitive biological components, such as enzymes, proteins, and bacteria, it can offer a comfortable environment to avoid exposure to high temperatures during emulsifying, and the interface also enables the suppression of fouling. This unique drag-reducing liquid gating interfacial emulsification mechanism promotes the efficiency of droplet generation and provides fresh insight into the innovation of emulsifications that can be applied in many fields, including the food industry, the daily chemical industry, biomedicine, material fabrication, the petrochemical industry, and beyond.
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42
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Zhang F, Zhang Z, Liu R, Wei J, Yang Z. Functional Droplets Stabilized by Interfacially Self‐Assembled Chiral Nanocomposites. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202206520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fenghua Zhang
- Shandong University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Zongze Zhang
- Shandong University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Rongjuan Liu
- Shandong University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Jingjing Wei
- Shandong University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Zhijie Yang
- Shandong University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 27 Shanda Nanlu 250100 Jinan CHINA
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43
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Demulsification of (W1+W2+W3)/O Reverse Cerberus Emulsion from Vibrational Emulsification. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.129623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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44
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Wei D, Jin H, Ge L, Nie G, Guo R. Construction and regulation of aqueous-based Cerberus droplets by vortex mixing. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 627:194-204. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.06.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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45
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Calhoun SGK, Brower KK, Suja VC, Kim G, Wang N, McCully AL, Kusumaatmaja H, Fuller GG, Fordyce PM. Systematic characterization of effect of flow rates and buffer compositions on double emulsion droplet volumes and stability. LAB ON A CHIP 2022; 22:2315-2330. [PMID: 35593127 PMCID: PMC9195911 DOI: 10.1039/d2lc00229a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Double emulsion droplets (DEs) are water/oil/water droplets that can be sorted via fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS), allowing for new opportunities in high-throughput cellular analysis, enzymatic screening, and synthetic biology. These applications require stable, uniform droplets with predictable microreactor volumes. However, predicting DE droplet size, shell thickness, and stability as a function of flow rate has remained challenging for monodisperse single core droplets and those containing biologically-relevant buffers, which influence bulk and interfacial properties. As a result, developing novel DE-based bioassays has typically required extensive initial optimization of flow rates to find conditions that produce stable droplets of the desired size and shell thickness. To address this challenge, we conducted systematic size parameterization quantifying how differences in flow rates and buffer properties (viscosity and interfacial tension at water/oil interfaces) alter droplet size and stability, across 6 inner aqueous buffers used across applications such as cellular lysis, microbial growth, and drug delivery, quantifying the size and shell thickness of >22 000 droplets overall. We restricted our study to stable single core droplets generated in a 2-step dripping-dripping formation regime in a straightforward PDMS device. Using data from 138 unique conditions (flow rates and buffer composition), we also demonstrated that a recent physically-derived size law of Wang et al. can accurately predict double emulsion shell thickness for >95% of observations. Finally, we validated the utility of this size law by using it to accurately predict droplet sizes for a novel bioassay that requires encapsulating growth media for bacteria in droplets. This work has the potential to enable new screening-based biological applications by simplifying novel DE bioassay development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne G K Calhoun
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Kara K Brower
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
- ChEM-H Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Vineeth Chandran Suja
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, MA - 01234, USA
| | - Gaeun Kim
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Ningning Wang
- School of Energy & Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Alexandra L McCully
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | | | - Gerald G Fuller
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Polly M Fordyce
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
- ChEM-H Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Chan Zuckerberg BioHub, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
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46
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Zhang H, Wang F, Nestler B. Janus Droplet Formation via Thermally Induced Phase Separation: A Numerical Model with Diffusion and Convection. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:6882-6895. [PMID: 35617199 PMCID: PMC9178917 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c00308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Microscale Janus particles have versatile potential applications in many physical and biomedical fields, such as microsensor, micromotor, and drug delivery. Here, we present a phase-field approach of multicomponent and multiphase to investigate the Janus droplet formation via thermally induced phase separation. The crucial kinetics for the formation of Janus droplets consisting of two polymer species and a solvent component via an interplay of both diffusion and convection is considered in the Cahn-Hilliard-Navier-Stokes equation. The simulation results of the phase-field model show that unequal interfacial tensions between the two polymer species and the solvent result in asymmetric phase separation in the formation process of Janus droplets. This asymmetric phase separation plays a vital role in the establishment of the so-called core-shell structure that has been observed in previous experiments. By varying the droplet size, the surface tension, and the molecular interaction between the polymer species, several novel droplet morphologies are predicted in the development process of Janus droplets. Moreover, we stress that the hydrodynamics should be reckoned as a non-negligible mechanism that not only accelerates the Janus droplet evolution but also has great impacts on the coarsening and coalescence of the Janus droplets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haodong Zhang
- Institute
of Applied Materials-Microstructure Modelling and Simulation, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Straße am Forum 7, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Fei Wang
- Institute
of Applied Materials-Microstructure Modelling and Simulation, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Straße am Forum 7, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Britta Nestler
- Institute
of Applied Materials-Microstructure Modelling and Simulation, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Straße am Forum 7, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute
of Digital Materials Science, Karlsruhe
University of Applied Sciences, Moltkestraße 30, 76133 Karlsruhe, Germany
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47
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Wu Y, Zeng M, Cheng Q, Huang C. Recent Progress toward Physical Stimuli-Responsive Emulsions. Macromol Rapid Commun 2022; 43:e2200193. [PMID: 35622941 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202200193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Emulsion as a fine dispersion of immiscible liquids has involved widespread applications in industry, pharmaceuticals, agriculture and personal care. Stimuli-responsive emulsions capable of on-demand demulsification or changing their properties are required in many cases such as controllable release cargo, oil recovery, emulsifiers recycle and product separation, great progress has been achieved in these areas. Among these various triggers, much effort has been made to develop physical stimuli, due to the noninvasive and environmentally friendly characteristics. Physical stimuli-responsive emulsions provide a plenty of valuable practical applications in the fields of sustainable industry, biomedical reaction, drug delivery. Here, we summarize the recent development in the field of emulsions in response to physical stimuli consisting of temperature, light, magnetic field, electrical field, etc. The preparation methods and mechanisms of physical stimuli-responsive emulsions and their applications of catalysis reaction, drug delivery, and oil recovery are highlighted in this review. The future directions and outstanding problems of the physical stimuli-responsive emulsions are also discussed. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutian Wu
- School of chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Min Zeng
- School of chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Quanyong Cheng
- School of chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Caili Huang
- School of chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
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48
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Trinh V, Malloy CS, Durkin TJ, Gadh A, Savagatrup S. Detection of PFAS and Fluorinated Surfactants Using Differential Behaviors at Interfaces of Complex Droplets. ACS Sens 2022; 7:1514-1523. [PMID: 35442626 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.2c00257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Contamination of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in water supplies will continue to have serious health and environmental consequences. Despite the importance of monitoring the concentrations of PFAS at potential sites of contamination and at treatment plants, there are few suitable and rapid on-site methods. Many nonconventional techniques do not possess the necessary selectivity and sensitivity to distinguish PFAS from other surface-active components and to quantify the low concentrations in real-world conditions. Herein, we report a novel and rapid method for the detection of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) by leveraging their differential behaviors at the interfaces of emissive complex droplets. Measurement of surface and interfacial tensions via a force tensiometer reveals that PFAS preferentially self-assemble at the water-fluorocarbon oil interface (F/W) rather than the water-hydrocarbon oil interface (H/W). We also observe an opposite behavior for hydrocarbon surfactants. This difference in interfacial behavior produces distinct effects on the morphological change and optical emission of biphasic oil-in-water droplets. The change in the intensity of fluorescence emission, measured with a simple spectroscopic setup, correlates with the concentrations of PFAS. We also demonstrate that the range of detection and sensitivity can be tuned by adjusting the initial composition of the complex droplets. Our results illustrate an alternative mode of sensors that may provide a rapid and on-site detection of PFAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian Trinh
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, 1133 E. James E. Rogers Way, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Cameron S. Malloy
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, 1133 E. James E. Rogers Way, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Tyler J. Durkin
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, 1133 E. James E. Rogers Way, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Aakanksha Gadh
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, 1133 E. James E. Rogers Way, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Suchol Savagatrup
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, 1133 E. James E. Rogers Way, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
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49
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Frank BD, Djalali S, Baryzewska AW, Giusto P, Seeberger PH, Zeininger L. Reversible morphology-resolved chemotactic actuation and motion of Janus emulsion droplets. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2562. [PMID: 35538083 PMCID: PMC9091213 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30229-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We report, for the first time, a chemotactic motion of emulsion droplets that can be controllably and reversibly altered. Our approach is based on using biphasic Janus emulsion droplets, where each phase responds differently to chemically induced interfacial tension gradients. By permanently breaking the symmetry of the droplets' geometry and composition, externally evoked gradients in surfactant concentration or effectiveness induce anisotropic Marangoni-type fluid flows adjacent to each of the two different exposed interfaces. Regulation of the competitive fluid convections then enables a controllable alteration of the speed and the direction of the droplets' chemotactic motion. Our findings provide insight into how compositional anisotropy can affect the chemotactic behavior of purely liquid-based microswimmers. This has implications for the design of smart and adaptive soft microrobots that can autonomously regulate their response to changes in their chemical environment by chemotactically moving towards or away from a certain target, such as a bacterium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley D Frank
- Department of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Muehlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Saveh Djalali
- Department of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Muehlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Agata W Baryzewska
- Department of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Muehlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Paolo Giusto
- Department of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Muehlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Peter H Seeberger
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Muehlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Lukas Zeininger
- Department of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Muehlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.
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50
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Li B, Zhao Y, Chen X, Wang Z, Xu J, Shi W. Polymer Crystallization with Configurable Birefringence in Double Emulsion Droplets. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Baihui Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education; Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education; Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xiaotong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education; Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhiqi Wang
- Advanced Materials Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Advanced Materials Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
| | - Weichao Shi
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education; Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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