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Narang S, Ghebrechristos Y, Evensen NA, Murrell N, Jasinski S, Ostrow TH, Teachey DT, Raetz EA, Lionnet T, Witkowski M, Aifantis I, Tsirigos A, Carroll WL. Clonal evolution of the 3D chromatin landscape in patients with relapsed pediatric B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Nat Commun 2024; 15:7425. [PMID: 39198446 PMCID: PMC11358475 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51492-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Relapsed pediatric B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) remains one of the leading causes of cancer mortality in children. We performed Hi-C, ATAC-seq, and RNA-seq on 12 matched diagnosis/relapse pediatric leukemia specimens to uncover dynamic structural variants (SVs) and 3D chromatin rewiring that may contribute to relapse. While translocations are assumed to occur early in leukemogenesis and be maintained throughout progression, we discovered novel, dynamic translocations and confirmed several fusion transcripts, suggesting functional and therapeutic relevance. Genome-wide chromatin remodeling was observed at all organizational levels: A/B compartments, TAD interactivity, and chromatin loops, including some loci shared by 25% of patients. Shared changes were found to drive the expression of genes/pathways previously implicated in resistance as well as novel therapeutic candidates, two of which (ATXN1 and MN1) we functionally validated. Overall, these results demonstrate chromatin reorganization under the selective pressure of therapy and offer the potential for discovery of novel therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonali Narang
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yohana Ghebrechristos
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nikki A Evensen
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nina Murrell
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sylwia Jasinski
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Talia H Ostrow
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - David T Teachey
- Department of Pediatrics and the Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Raetz
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Timothee Lionnet
- Institute for Systems Genetics and Department of Cell Biology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Matthew Witkowski
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Iannis Aifantis
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Pathology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Aristotelis Tsirigos
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Pathology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.
| | - William L Carroll
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.
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2
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Li HB, Huang G, Tu J, Lv DM, Jin QL, Chen JK, Zou YT, Lee DF, Shen JN, Xie XB. METTL14-mediated epitranscriptome modification of MN1 mRNA promote tumorigenicity and all-trans-retinoic acid resistance in osteosarcoma. EBioMedicine 2022; 82:104142. [PMID: 35810559 PMCID: PMC9272358 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignant bone tumor in adolescents. The molecular mechanism behind OS progression and metastasis remains poorly understood, which limits the effectiveness of current therapies. RNA N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification plays a critical role in influencing RNA fate. However, the biological significance of m6A modification and its potential regulatory mechanisms in the development of OS remain unclear. Methods Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), dot blotting, and colorimetric ELISA were used to detect m6A levels. Western blotting, quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were used to investigate METTL14 expression levels. Methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (MeRIP-seq) and transcriptomic RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) were used to screen the target genes of METTL14. RNA pull-down and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays were conducted to explore the specific binding of target genes and relevant m6A “readers”. RNA stability and polysome analysis assays were used to detect the half-lives and translation efficiencies of the downstream genes of METTL14. IHC and clinical data were applied to explore the clinical correlations of METTL14 and its downstream target genes with the prognosis of OS. Findings We observed the abundance of m6A modifications in OS and revealed that METTL14 plays an oncogenic role in facilitating OS progression. MeRIP-seq and RNA-seq revealed that MN1 is a downstream gene of METTL14. MN1 contributes to tumor progression and all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) chemotherapy resistance in OS. Mechanistically, MN1 is methylated by METTL14, specifically in the coding sequence (CDS) regions, and this modification is recognized by the specific m6A reader insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA binding protein 2 (IGF2BP2) to prevent MN1 mRNA degradation and promote it translation efficiency. IHC showed that MN1 expression was positively correlated with METTL14 and IGF2BP2 expression in OS tissues. The METTL14-IGF2BP2-MN1 panel demonstrated more promising prognostic value for OS patients than any of these molecules individually. Interpretation Our study revealed that METTL14 contributes to OS progression and ATRA resistance as an m6A RNA methylase by regulating the stability and translation efficiency of MN1 and thus provides both an underlying biomarker panel for prognosis prediction in OS patients. Funding This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants 81972510 and 81772864).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Bo Li
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Gang Huang
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jian Tu
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Dong-Ming Lv
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Qing-Lin Jin
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jun-Kai Chen
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yu-Tong Zou
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Dung-Fang Lee
- Department of Integrative Biology & Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX 77030-1501, US
| | - Jing-Nan Shen
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Xian-Biao Xie
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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3
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A concise review on the molecular genetics of acute myeloid leukemia. Leuk Res 2021; 111:106727. [PMID: 34700049 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2021.106727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most common acute leukemia in adults that affects the myeloid lineage. The recent advances have upgraded our understanding of the cytogenetic abnormalities and molecular mutations associated with AML that further aids in prognostication and risk stratification of the disease. Based on the highly heterogeneous nature of the disease and cytogenetic profile, AML patients can be stratified into favourable, intermediate and adverse-risk groups. The recurrent genetic alterations provide novel insights into the pathogenesis, clinical characteristics and also into the overall survival of the patients. In this review we are discussing about the cytogenetics of AML and the recurrent gene alterations such us NPM1, FLT3, CEBPA, TET-2, c-KIT, DNMT3A, IDH, RUNX1, AXSL1, WT1, Ras gene mutations etc. These gene mutations serve as important prognostic markers as well as potential therapeutic targets. AML patients respond to induction chemotherapy initially and subsequently achieve complete remission (CR), eventually most of them get relapsed.
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4
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Libbrecht C, Xie HM, Kingsley MC, Haladyna JN, Riedel SS, Alikarami F, Lenard A, McGeehan GM, Ernst P, Bernt KM. Menin is necessary for long term maintenance of meningioma-1 driven leukemia. Leukemia 2021; 35:1405-1417. [PMID: 33542482 PMCID: PMC8102197 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-021-01146-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Translocations of Meningioma-1 (MN1) occur in a subset of acute myeloid leukemias (AML) and result in high expression of MN1, either as a full-length protein, or as a fusion protein that includes most of the N-terminus of MN1. High levels of MN1 correlate with poor prognosis. When overexpressed in murine hematopoietic progenitors, MN1 causes an aggressive AML characterized by an aberrant myeloid precursor-like gene expression program that shares features of KMT2A-rearranged (KMT2A-r) leukemia, including high levels of Hoxa and Meis1 gene expression. Compounds that target a critical KMT2A-Menin interaction have proven effective in KMT2A-r leukemia. Here, we demonstrate that Menin (Men1) is also critical for the self-renewal of MN1-driven AML through the maintenance of a distinct gene expression program. Genetic inactivation of Men1 led to a decrease in the number of functional leukemia-initiating cells. Pharmacologic inhibition of the KMT2A-Menin interaction decreased colony-forming activity, induced differentiation programs in MN1-driven murine leukemia and decreased leukemic burden in a human AML xenograft carrying an MN1-ETV6 translocation. Collectively, these results nominate Menin inhibition as a promising therapeutic strategy in MN1-driven leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Libbrecht
- grid.239552.a0000 0001 0680 8770Division of Pediatric Oncology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA USA ,grid.452431.50000 0004 0442 349XInstitut d’Hématologie et d’Oncologie Pédiatrique, Lyon, France
| | - Hongbo M. Xie
- grid.239552.a0000 0001 0680 8770Department of Bioinformatics and Health Informatics (DBHI), Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Molly C. Kingsley
- grid.239552.a0000 0001 0680 8770Division of Pediatric Oncology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Jessica N. Haladyna
- grid.430503.10000 0001 0703 675XDepartment of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology/Oncology/BMT, University of Colorado, Denver/Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO USA
| | - Simone S. Riedel
- grid.239552.a0000 0001 0680 8770Division of Pediatric Oncology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Fatemeh Alikarami
- grid.239552.a0000 0001 0680 8770Division of Pediatric Oncology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Alexandra Lenard
- grid.239552.a0000 0001 0680 8770Division of Pediatric Oncology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | | | - Patricia Ernst
- grid.430503.10000 0001 0703 675XDepartment of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology/Oncology/BMT, University of Colorado, Denver/Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO USA ,grid.430503.10000 0001 0703 675XDepartment of Pharmacology, University of Colorado, Denver/Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO USA
| | - Kathrin M. Bernt
- grid.239552.a0000 0001 0680 8770Division of Pediatric Oncology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA USA ,grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania and Abramson Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA USA ,grid.239552.a0000 0001 0680 8770Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, 3501 Civic Center Boulevard, CTRB 3064, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
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5
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Marjanovic I, Karan-Djurasevic T, Kostic T, Virijevic M, Vukovic NS, Pavlovic S, Tosic N. Prognostic significance of combined BAALC and MN1 gene expression level in acute myeloid leukemia with normal karyotype. Int J Lab Hematol 2020; 43:433-440. [PMID: 33242229 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.13405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Acute myeloid leukemia with normal karyotype (AML-NK) is the largest group of AML patients with very heterogeneous disease outcome. In order to ensure more precise risk stratification new molecular markers have been introduced, like expression level for BAALC (Brain and Acute Leukemia, Cytoplasmic) and MN1 (Meningioma 1) genes. METHODS In this study, we investigated expression level of both genes in 111 adult AML-NK at diagnosis and examined their prognostic potential. RESULTS BAALC and MN1 expression were detected in about one third of the patients, and positive correlation between these two genes was found. The BAALC+ /or MN1+ status was not associated with the presence of FLT3-ITD mutations, but exhibited strong correlation with NPM1wt status (P < .001). Therefore, among BAALC+ /or MN1+ patients the most frequent ones were FLT3-ITD- /NPM1- double negative patients with intermediate prognosis. When BAALC+ /or MN1+ patients were divided into BAALChigh /BAALClow (21/21) and MN1high /MN1low (21/22) groups, we detected that BAALChigh /or MN1high patients had a tendency toward lower complete remission rate. Also, survival analysis showed that BAALChigh /or MN1high patients had shorter disease-free survival and overall survival (OS). The most pronounced influence on prognosis was detected in FLT3-ITD- /NPM1- group of patients that are lacking reliable prognostic markers, where OS in BAALChigh /or MN1high was only 5 months vs 25 months in BAALClow /or MN1low . CONCLUSION These findings indicate that BAALC and MN1 expression level could be used for more precise risk stratification of AML-NK patients and especially FLT3-ITD- /NPM1- patients, transforming this intermediate-risk group, into a group with an adverse prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Marjanovic
- Institute for Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Teodora Karan-Djurasevic
- Institute for Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tatjana Kostic
- Institute for Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marijana Virijevic
- Clinic of Hematology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.,School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nada Suvajdzic Vukovic
- Clinic of Hematology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.,School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sonja Pavlovic
- Institute for Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Natasa Tosic
- Institute for Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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6
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Lamba JK, Cao X, Raimondi S, Downing J, Ribeiro R, Gruber TA, Rubnitz J, Pounds S. DNA Methylation Clusters and Their Relation to Cytogenetic Features in Pediatric AML. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12103024. [PMID: 33080932 PMCID: PMC7603219 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12103024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) is characterized by recurrent genetic and cytogenetic lesions that are utilized for risk stratification and for making treatment decisions. In recent years, methylation dysregulation has been extensively studied and associated with risk groups and prognosis in adult AML, however, such studies in pediatric AML are limited. Moreover, the mutations in epigenetic genes such as DNMT3A, IDH1 or IDH2 are almost absent or rare in pediatric patients as compared to their abundance in adult AML. In the current study, we evaluated methylation patterns that occur with or independent of the well-defined cytogenetic features in pediatric AML patients enrolled on multi-site AML02 clinical trial (NCT00136084). Our results demonstrate that unlike adult AML, cytosine DNA methylation does not result in significant unique clusters in pediatric AML, however, DNA methylation signatures correlated significantly with the most common and recurrent cytogenetic features. Paired evaluation of DNA methylation and expression identified genes and pathways of biological relevance that hold promise for novel therapeutic strategies. Our results further demonstrate that epigenetic signatures occur complimentary to the well-established chromosomal/mutational landscape, implying that dysregulation of oncogenes or tumor suppressors might be leveraging both genetic and epigenetic mechanisms to impact biological pathways critical for leukemogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jatinder K. Lamba
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Xueyuan Cao
- Department of Acute and Tertiary Care, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA;
| | - Susana Raimondi
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA; (S.R.); (J.D.)
| | - James Downing
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA; (S.R.); (J.D.)
| | - Raul Ribeiro
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA; (R.R.); (J.R.)
| | - Tanja A. Gruber
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA;
| | - Jeffrey Rubnitz
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA; (R.R.); (J.R.)
| | - Stanley Pounds
- Department of Biostatistics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA;
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7
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Mak CCY, Doherty D, Lin AE, Vegas N, Cho MT, Viot G, Dimartino C, Weisfeld-Adams JD, Lessel D, Joss S, Li C, Gonzaga-Jauregui C, Zarate YA, Ehmke N, Horn D, Troyer C, Kant SG, Lee Y, Ishak GE, Leung G, Barone Pritchard A, Yang S, Bend EG, Filippini F, Roadhouse C, Lebrun N, Mehaffey MG, Martin PM, Apple B, Millan F, Puk O, Hoffer MJV, Henderson LB, McGowan R, Wentzensen IM, Pei S, Zahir FR, Yu M, Gibson WT, Seman A, Steeves M, Murrell JR, Luettgen S, Francisco E, Strom TM, Amlie-Wolf L, Kaindl AM, Wilson WG, Halbach S, Basel-Salmon L, Lev-El N, Denecke J, Vissers LELM, Radtke K, Chelly J, Zackai E, Friedman JM, Bamshad MJ, Nickerson DA, Reid RR, Devriendt K, Chae JH, Stolerman E, McDougall C, Powis Z, Bienvenu T, Tan TY, Orenstein N, Dobyns WB, Shieh JT, Choi M, Waggoner D, Gripp KW, Parker MJ, Stoler J, Lyonnet S, Cormier-Daire V, Viskochil D, Hoffman TL, Amiel J, Chung BHY, Gordon CT. MN1 C-terminal truncation syndrome is a novel neurodevelopmental and craniofacial disorder with partial rhombencephalosynapsis. Brain 2020; 143:55-68. [PMID: 31834374 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awz379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MN1 encodes a transcriptional co-regulator without homology to other proteins, previously implicated in acute myeloid leukaemia and development of the palate. Large deletions encompassing MN1 have been reported in individuals with variable neurodevelopmental anomalies and non-specific facial features. We identified a cluster of de novo truncating mutations in MN1 in a cohort of 23 individuals with strikingly similar dysmorphic facial features, especially midface hypoplasia, and intellectual disability with severe expressive language delay. Imaging revealed an atypical form of rhombencephalosynapsis, a distinctive brain malformation characterized by partial or complete loss of the cerebellar vermis with fusion of the cerebellar hemispheres, in 8/10 individuals. Rhombencephalosynapsis has no previously known definitive genetic or environmental causes. Other frequent features included perisylvian polymicrogyria, abnormal posterior clinoid processes and persistent trigeminal artery. MN1 is encoded by only two exons. All mutations, including the recurrent variant p.Arg1295* observed in 8/21 probands, fall in the terminal exon or the extreme 3' region of exon 1, and are therefore predicted to result in escape from nonsense-mediated mRNA decay. This was confirmed in fibroblasts from three individuals. We propose that the condition described here, MN1 C-terminal truncation (MCTT) syndrome, is not due to MN1 haploinsufficiency but rather is the result of dominantly acting C-terminally truncated MN1 protein. Our data show that MN1 plays a critical role in human craniofacial and brain development, and opens the door to understanding the biological mechanisms underlying rhombencephalosynapsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher C Y Mak
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Dan Doherty
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Angela E Lin
- Medical Genetics, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nancy Vegas
- Laboratory of Embryology and Genetics of Human Malformation, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR 1163, Institut Imagine, Paris, France.,Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Institut Imagine, Paris, France
| | | | - Géraldine Viot
- Gynécologie Obstétrique, Hôpital Cochin, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre (HUPC), Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Clémantine Dimartino
- Laboratory of Embryology and Genetics of Human Malformation, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR 1163, Institut Imagine, Paris, France.,Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Institut Imagine, Paris, France
| | - James D Weisfeld-Adams
- Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado-Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Davor Lessel
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Shelagh Joss
- West of Scotland Regional Genetics Service, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | - Chumei Li
- McMaster University Medical Center, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Yuri A Zarate
- Section of Genetics and Metabolism, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Nadja Ehmke
- Institute for Medical Genetics and Human Genetics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Denise Horn
- Institute for Medical Genetics and Human Genetics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Caitlin Troyer
- Pediatrics and Medical Genetics, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Sarina G Kant
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Youngha Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gisele E Ishak
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA.,Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Gordon Leung
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | | | | | - Eric G Bend
- Greenwood Genetic Center, Greenwood, SC, USA.,PreventionGenetics, Marshfield, WI, USA
| | - Francesca Filippini
- Laboratory of Embryology and Genetics of Human Malformation, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR 1163, Institut Imagine, Paris, France.,Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Institut Imagine, Paris, France
| | | | - Nicolas Lebrun
- Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | | | - Pierre-Marie Martin
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Benjamin Apple
- Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado-Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - Oliver Puk
- Praxis für Humangenetik Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Mariette J V Hoffer
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Ruth McGowan
- West of Scotland Regional Genetics Service, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Steven Pei
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Farah R Zahir
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Mullin Yu
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - William T Gibson
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Ann Seman
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marcie Steeves
- Medical Genetics, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jill R Murrell
- Division of Genomic Diagnostics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sabine Luettgen
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Tim M Strom
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Louise Amlie-Wolf
- Division of Medical Genetics, A I duPont Hospital for Children/Nemours, Wilmington, DE, USA
| | - Angela M Kaindl
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institute of Neuroanatomy and Cell Biology, Department of Pediatric Neurology and Center for Chronically Sick Children, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - William G Wilson
- Pediatrics and Medical Genetics, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Sara Halbach
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lina Basel-Salmon
- Raphael Recanati Genetic Institute, Rabin Medical Center-Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva, Israel.,Pediatric Genetics Clinic, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikva, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Noa Lev-El
- Raphael Recanati Genetic Institute, Rabin Medical Center-Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Jonas Denecke
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lisenka E L M Vissers
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Centre for Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Kelly Radtke
- Clinical Genomics Department, Ambry Genetics, Aliso Viejo, CA, USA
| | - Jamel Chelly
- Laboratoire de Diagnostic Génétique, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg, France.,Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France.,Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, INSERM U964, CNRS UMR7104, Université de Strasbourg, 67404 Illkirch, France
| | - Elaine Zackai
- Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jan M Friedman
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Michael J Bamshad
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,University of Washington Center for Mendelian Genomics, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Deborah A Nickerson
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,University of Washington Center for Mendelian Genomics, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Russell R Reid
- Department of Surgery, Section of Plastic Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Koenraad Devriendt
- Department of Human Genetics, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jong-Hee Chae
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Carey McDougall
- Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Zöe Powis
- Clinical Genomics Department, Ambry Genetics, Aliso Viejo, CA, USA
| | - Thierry Bienvenu
- Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France.,Laboratoire de Génétique et Biologie Moléculaires, Hôpital Cochin, HUPC, AP-HP, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Tiong Y Tan
- Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, 3052, Australia
| | - Naama Orenstein
- Pediatric Genetics Clinic, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikva, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - William B Dobyns
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA.,Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Joseph T Shieh
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Murim Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Darrel Waggoner
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Karen W Gripp
- Division of Medical Genetics, A I duPont Hospital for Children/Nemours, Wilmington, DE, USA
| | - Michael J Parker
- Sheffield Clinical Genetics Service, Sheffield Children's Hospital, Sheffield S10 2TH, UK
| | - Joan Stoler
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stanislas Lyonnet
- Laboratory of Embryology and Genetics of Human Malformation, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR 1163, Institut Imagine, Paris, France.,Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Institut Imagine, Paris, France.,Département de Génétique, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Valérie Cormier-Daire
- Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Institut Imagine, Paris, France.,Département de Génétique, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, AP-HP, Paris, France.,Laboratory of Molecular and Physiopathological Bases of Osteochondrodysplasia, INSERM UMR 1163, Institut Imagine, 75015 Paris, France
| | - David Viskochil
- Division of Medical Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Trevor L Hoffman
- Southern California Kaiser Permanente Medical Group, Anaheim, CA, USA
| | - Jeanne Amiel
- Laboratory of Embryology and Genetics of Human Malformation, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR 1163, Institut Imagine, Paris, France.,Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Institut Imagine, Paris, France.,Département de Génétique, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Brian H Y Chung
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Christopher T Gordon
- Laboratory of Embryology and Genetics of Human Malformation, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR 1163, Institut Imagine, Paris, France.,Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Institut Imagine, Paris, France
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8
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Effective drug treatment identified by in vivo screening in a transplantable patient-derived xenograft model of chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. Leukemia 2020; 34:2951-2963. [PMID: 32576961 PMCID: PMC7116758 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-020-0929-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
To establish novel and effective treatment combinations for chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) preclinically, we hypothesized that supplementation of CMML cells with the human oncogene Meningioma 1 (MN1) promotes expansion and serial transplantability in mice, while maintaining the functional dependencies of these cells on their original genetic profile. Using lentiviral expression of MN1 for oncogenic supplementation and transplanting transduced primary mononuclear CMML cells into immunocompromised mice, we established three serially transplantable CMML-PDX models with disease-related gene mutations that recapitulate the disease in vivo. Ectopic MN1 expression was confirmed to enhance the proliferation of CMML cells, which otherwise did not engraft upon secondary transplantation. Furthermore, MN1-supplemented CMML cells were serially transplantable into recipient mice up to 5 generations. This robust engraftment enabled an in vivo RNA interference screening targeting CMML-related mutated genes including NRAS, confirming that their functional relevance is preserved in the presence of MN1. The novel combination treatment with azacitidine and the MEK-inhibitor trametinib additively inhibited ERK-phosphorylation and thus depleted the signal from mutated NRAS. The combination treatment significantly prolonged survival of CMML mice compared to single-agent treatment. Thus, we identified the combination of azacitidine and trametinib as an effective treatment in NRAS-mutated CMML and propose its clinical development.
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9
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He Q, Hong M, He J, Chen W, Zhao M, Zhao W. Isoform-specific involvement of Brpf1 in expansion of adult hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. J Mol Cell Biol 2020; 12:359-371. [PMID: 31565729 PMCID: PMC7288741 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjz092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Bromodomain-containing proteins are known readers of histone acetylation that regulate chromatin structure and transcription. Although the functions of bromodomain-containing proteins in development, homeostasis, and disease states have been well studied, their role in self-renewal of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) remains poorly understood. Here, we performed a chemical screen using nine bromodomain inhibitors and found that the bromodomain and PHD finger-containing protein 1 (Brpf1) inhibitor OF-1 enhanced the expansion of Lin-Sca-1+c-Kit+ HSPCs ex vivo without skewing their lineage differentiation potential. Importantly, our results also revealed distinct functions of Brpf1 isoforms in HSPCs. Brpf1b promoted the expansion of HSPCs. By contrast, Brpf1a is the most abundant isoform in adult HSPCs but enhanced HSPC quiescence and decreased the HSPC expansion. Furthermore, inhibition of Brpf1a by OF-1 promoted histone acetylation and chromatin accessibility leading to increased expression of self-renewal-related genes (e.g. Mn1). The phenotypes produced by OF-1 treatment can be rescued by suppression of Mn1 in HSPCs. Our findings demonstrate that this novel bromodomain inhibitor OF-1 can promote the clinical application of HSPCs in transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuping He
- RNA Biomedical Institute, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.,Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Mengzhi Hong
- RNA Biomedical Institute, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.,Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jincan He
- RNA Biomedical Institute, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.,Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Weixin Chen
- RNA Biomedical Institute, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.,Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Meng Zhao
- RNA Biomedical Institute, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.,Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- RNA Biomedical Institute, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.,Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510080, China
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10
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Schwaller J. Role of Meningioma 1 for maintaining the transformed state in MLL-rearranged acute myeloid leukemia: potential for therapeutic intervention? Haematologica 2020; 105:1174-1176. [PMID: 32358078 PMCID: PMC7193464 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2019.246348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Juerg Schwaller
- University Children’s Hospital beider Basel (UKBB), Department of Biomedicine (DBM), University of Basel, Switzerland
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11
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Wang T, Chen X, Hui S, Ni J, Yin Y, Cao W, Zhang Y, Wang X, Ma X, Cao P, Liu M, Chen KN, Wang F, Zhang Y, Nie D, Yuan L, Liu H. Ectopia associated MN1 fusions and aberrant activation in myeloid neoplasms with t(12;22)(p13;q12). Cancer Gene Ther 2020; 27:810-818. [PMID: 31902945 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-019-0159-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Chromosome translocation t(12;22)(p13;q12)/MN1-ETV6 and MN1 overexpression confer a subset of adverse prognostic AML but so far lack in-depth research. We focused on the clinical course and comprehensive genetic analysis of eight cases with t(12;22)(p13;q12) and one with t(12;17;22) (p13;q21;q13) to elucidate their molecular etiology and outcomes of allogeneic hemopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). The total incidence of t(12;22)(p13;q12) and related translocations was 0.32% in myeloid neoplasms. These patients were confirmed to have dismal prognosis when treated only with chemotherapy, and we firstly provided evidence that they can significantly benefit from timely allo-HSCT. Five cases were MN1-ETV6 positive, and a novel MN1-STAT3 fusion was identified in the patient with triadic translocation. Significant MN1 overexpression was observed in all three MN1-fusion-negative cases. Genetic analysis highlighted the evidence of an ectopic super-enhancer associated orchestrated mechanism of MN1 overexpression and ETV6 haploinsufficiency in t(12;22)(p13;q12) myeloid neoplasms, rather than the conventional thought of MN1-ETV6 fusion formation. We also disclosed the high concomitance of trisomy 8 and 531 Kbps focal 8q duplication in t(12;22)(p13;q12) cases. The new perspective about this entity of disease will enlighten further research to define the mechanism of tumorigenesis and discover effective treatments for MN1-driven malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Wang
- Beijing Lu Daopei Institute of Hematology, Beijing, 100176, China.,Division of Laboratory Medicine, Hebei Yanda Lu Daopei Hospital, Langfang, 065201, China.,Division of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Lu Daopei Hospital, Beijing, 100176, China
| | - Xue Chen
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Hebei Yanda Lu Daopei Hospital, Langfang, 065201, China
| | - Shuang Hui
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Hebei Yanda Lu Daopei Hospital, Langfang, 065201, China
| | - Jingbo Ni
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Hebei Yanda Lu Daopei Hospital, Langfang, 065201, China
| | - Ying Yin
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Hebei Yanda Lu Daopei Hospital, Langfang, 065201, China
| | - Wei Cao
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Hebei Yanda Lu Daopei Hospital, Langfang, 065201, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Hebei Yanda Lu Daopei Hospital, Langfang, 065201, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Hebei Yanda Lu Daopei Hospital, Langfang, 065201, China
| | - Xiaoli Ma
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Hebei Yanda Lu Daopei Hospital, Langfang, 065201, China
| | - Panxiang Cao
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Hebei Yanda Lu Daopei Hospital, Langfang, 065201, China
| | - Mingyue Liu
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Hebei Yanda Lu Daopei Hospital, Langfang, 065201, China
| | - Kylan N Chen
- Beijing Lu Daopei Institute of Hematology, Beijing, 100176, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Hebei Yanda Lu Daopei Hospital, Langfang, 065201, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Hebei Yanda Lu Daopei Hospital, Langfang, 065201, China
| | - Daijing Nie
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Hebei Yanda Lu Daopei Hospital, Langfang, 065201, China
| | - Lili Yuan
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Hebei Yanda Lu Daopei Hospital, Langfang, 065201, China
| | - Hongxing Liu
- Beijing Lu Daopei Institute of Hematology, Beijing, 100176, China. .,Division of Laboratory Medicine, Hebei Yanda Lu Daopei Hospital, Langfang, 065201, China. .,Division of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Lu Daopei Hospital, Beijing, 100176, China.
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12
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Seipel K, Messerli C, Wiedemann G, Bacher U, Pabst T. MN1, FOXP1 and hsa-miR-181a-5p as prognostic markers in acute myeloid leukemia patients treated with intensive induction chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation. Leuk Res 2020; 89:106296. [PMID: 31927137 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2020.106296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The meningioma-1 (MN1) gene is expressed in hematopoietic CD34+ cells and down-regulated during myeloid differentiation. MN1 overexpression has been linked to shorter overall and disease free survival in AML patients treated with intensive induction chemotherapy. MN1 overexpression may still be an adverse prognostic marker in AML patients treated with autologous stem cell transplant (auto-SCT) after intensive induction chemotherapy. METHODS We retrospectively analysed 54 peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) samples of AML patients who received auto-SCT at remission (CR1) after intensive induction chemotherapy. MN1 and putative MN1-associated mRNAs, as well as MN1-associated micro-RNAs were assessed at diagnosis in peripheral blood mononuclear cells using Taqman gene expression assays. RESULTS AML patients with elevated MN1 or FoxP1 gene expression at diagnosis had a significantly shorter progression-free and overall survival after intensive induction chemo-therapy and auto-SCT. The presence of the favourable risk NPM1 mutation associated with reduced MN1 gene expression. In contrast to MN1 and FOXP1, elevated expression of the putative tumor suppressive micro-RNA hsa-miR-181a-5p was predictive for positive outcome. Correlation analysis of MN1 with myeloid gene expression levels revealed association of MN1 and BMI-1, CD34, FOXP1 and MDM2 expression. Analysis of non-coding RNAs revealed an inverse correlation of MN1 with hsa-miR-20a-5p and hsa-miR-181b-5p expression. CONCLUSIONS MN1, FOXP1 and hsa-miR-181a-5p are prognostic markers in AML patients treated with intensive induction chemotherapy and auto-SCT. While MDM2 is a validated therapeutic target, the transcription factors MN1 and FOXP1, and the chromatin modulator BMI-1 are potential therapeutic targets in the treatment of AML. The tumor suppressor hsa-miR-181a-5p may be a candidate miRNA mimic for therapeutic use.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/adverse effects
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
- Biomarkers, Tumor
- Female
- Forkhead Transcription Factors/genetics
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
- Humans
- Induction Chemotherapy
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/mortality
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/therapy
- Male
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- Middle Aged
- Models, Biological
- Mutation
- Nucleophosmin
- Prognosis
- Repressor Proteins/genetics
- Retrospective Studies
- Trans-Activators/genetics
- Transplantation, Autologous
- Treatment Outcome
- Tumor Suppressor Proteins/genetics
- Young Adult
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Seipel
- Department for Biomedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Christian Messerli
- Department for Biomedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Gertrud Wiedemann
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland; Center of Laboratory Medicine (ZLM), University Hospital, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ulrike Bacher
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland; Center of Laboratory Medicine (ZLM), University Hospital, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Pabst
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland.
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13
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Opatz S, Bamopoulos SA, Metzeler KH, Herold T, Ksienzyk B, Bräundl K, Tschuri S, Vosberg S, Konstandin NP, Wang C, Hartmann L, Graf A, Krebs S, Blum H, Schneider S, Thiede C, Middeke JM, Stölzel F, Röllig C, Schetelig J, Ehninger G, Krämer A, Braess J, Görlich D, Sauerland MC, Berdel WE, Wörmann BJ, Hiddemann W, Spiekermann K, Bohlander SK, Greif PA. The clinical mutatome of core binding factor leukemia. Leukemia 2020; 34:1553-1562. [PMID: 31896782 PMCID: PMC7266744 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-019-0697-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The fusion genes CBFB/MYH11 and RUNX1/RUNX1T1 block differentiation through disruption of the core binding factor (CBF) complex and are found in 10–15% of adult de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cases. This AML subtype is associated with a favorable prognosis; however, nearly half of CBF-rearranged patients cannot be cured with chemotherapy. This divergent outcome might be due to additional mutations, whose spectrum and prognostic relevance remains hardly defined. Here, we identify nonsilent mutations, which may collaborate with CBF-rearrangements during leukemogenesis by targeted sequencing of 129 genes in 292 adult CBF leukemia patients, and thus provide a comprehensive overview of the mutational spectrum (‘mutatome’) in CBF leukemia. Thereby, we detected fundamental differences between CBFB/MYH11- and RUNX1/RUNX1T1-rearranged patients with ASXL2, JAK2, JAK3, RAD21, TET2, and ZBTB7A being strongly correlated with the latter subgroup. We found prognostic relevance of mutations in genes previously known to be AML-associated such as KIT, SMC1A, and DHX15 and identified novel, recurrent mutations in NFE2 (3%), MN1 (4%), HERC1 (3%), and ZFHX4 (5%). Furthermore, age >60 years, nonprimary AML and loss of the Y-chromosomes are important predictors of survival. These findings are important for refinement of treatment stratification and development of targeted therapy approaches in CBF leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Opatz
- Laboratory for Leukemia Diagnostics, Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,Experimental Leukemia & Lymphoma Research, Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefanos A Bamopoulos
- Laboratory for Leukemia Diagnostics, Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Klaus H Metzeler
- Laboratory for Leukemia Diagnostics, Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,Experimental Leukemia & Lymphoma Research, Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tobias Herold
- Laboratory for Leukemia Diagnostics, Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Bianka Ksienzyk
- Laboratory for Leukemia Diagnostics, Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Kathrin Bräundl
- Laboratory for Leukemia Diagnostics, Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,Experimental Leukemia & Lymphoma Research, Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Tschuri
- Laboratory for Leukemia Diagnostics, Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Vosberg
- Experimental Leukemia & Lymphoma Research, Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Nikola P Konstandin
- Laboratory for Leukemia Diagnostics, Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christine Wang
- Laboratory for Leukemia Diagnostics, Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Luise Hartmann
- Laboratory for Leukemia Diagnostics, Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,Experimental Leukemia & Lymphoma Research, Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexander Graf
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis at the Gene Center, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Krebs
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis at the Gene Center, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Helmut Blum
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis at the Gene Center, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stephanie Schneider
- Laboratory for Leukemia Diagnostics, Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Thiede
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine 1, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jan Moritz Middeke
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine 1, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Friedrich Stölzel
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine 1, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Christoph Röllig
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine 1, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Johannes Schetelig
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine 1, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Gerhard Ehninger
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine 1, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Alwin Krämer
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jan Braess
- Oncology and Hematology, St. John of God Hospital, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Dennis Görlich
- Institute of Biostatistics and Clinical Research, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | | | - Wolfgang E Berdel
- Department of Medicine A, Hematology, Oncology and Pneumology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Bernhard J Wörmann
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Charité University Medicine, Campus Virchow, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Hiddemann
- Laboratory for Leukemia Diagnostics, Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,Experimental Leukemia & Lymphoma Research, Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Karsten Spiekermann
- Laboratory for Leukemia Diagnostics, Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,Experimental Leukemia & Lymphoma Research, Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan K Bohlander
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Philipp A Greif
- Laboratory for Leukemia Diagnostics, Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany. .,Experimental Leukemia & Lymphoma Research, Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany. .,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany. .,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
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14
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Farries G, Gough KF, Parnell AC, McGivney BA, McGivney CL, McGettigan PA, MacHugh DE, Katz LM, Hill EW. Analysis of genetic variation contributing to measured speed in Thoroughbreds identifies genomic regions involved in the transcriptional response to exercise. Anim Genet 2019; 50:670-685. [PMID: 31508842 DOI: 10.1111/age.12848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Despite strong selection for athletic traits in Thoroughbred horses, there is marked variation in speed and aptitude for racing performance within the breed. Using global positioning system monitoring during exercise training, we measured speed variables and temporal changes in speed with age to derive phenotypes for GWAS. The aim of the study was to test the hypothesis that genetic variation contributes to variation in end-point physiological traits, in this case galloping speed measured during field exercise tests. Standardisation of field-measured phenotypes was attempted by assessing horses exercised on the same gallop track and managed under similar conditions by a single trainer. PCA of six key speed indices captured 73.9% of the variation with principal component 1 (PC1). Verifying the utility of the phenotype, we observed that PC1 (median) in 2-year-old horses was significantly different among elite, non-elite and unraced horses (P < 0.001) and the temporal change with age in PC1 varied among horses with different myostatin (MSTN) g.66493737C>T SNP genotypes. A GWAS for PC1 in 2-year-old horses (n = 122) identified four SNPs reaching the suggestive threshold for association (P < 4.80 × 10-5 ), defining a 1.09 Mb candidate region on ECA8 containing the myosin XVIIIB (MYO18B) gene. In a GWAS for temporal change in PC1 with age (n = 168), five SNPs reached the suggestive threshold for association and defined candidate regions on ECA2 and ECA11. Both regions contained genes that are significantly differentially expressed in equine skeletal muscle in response to acute exercise and training stimuli, including MYO18A. As MYO18A plays a regulatory role in the skeletal muscle response to exercise, the identified genomic variation proximal to the myosin family genes may be important for the regulation of the response to exercise and training.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Farries
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, D04 V1W8, Ireland
| | - K F Gough
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, D04 V1W8, Ireland
| | - A C Parnell
- Insight Centre for Data Analytics, Hamilton Institute, Maynooth University, Kildare, W23 F2H6, Ireland
| | - B A McGivney
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, D04 V1W8, Ireland.,Plusvital Ltd, Dun Laoghaire Industrial Estate, Pottery Road, Dublin, A96 KW29, Ireland
| | - C L McGivney
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, D04 V1W8, Ireland
| | - P A McGettigan
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, D04 V1W8, Ireland
| | - D E MacHugh
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, D04 V1W8, Ireland.,UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, D04 V1W8, Ireland
| | - L M Katz
- UCD School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, D04 V1W8, Ireland
| | - E W Hill
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, D04 V1W8, Ireland.,Plusvital Ltd, Dun Laoghaire Industrial Estate, Pottery Road, Dublin, A96 KW29, Ireland
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15
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Sharma A, Jyotsana N, Gabdoulline R, Heckl D, Kuchenbauer F, Slany RK, Ganser A, Heuser M. Meningioma 1 is indispensable for mixed lineage leukemia-rearranged acute myeloid leukemia. Haematologica 2019; 105:1294-1305. [PMID: 31413090 PMCID: PMC7193500 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2018.211201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Mixed lineage leukemia (MLL/KMT2A) rearrangements (MLL-r) are one of the most frequent chromosomal aberrations in acute myeloid leukemia. We evaluated the function of Meningioma 1 (MN1), a co-factor of HOXA9 and MEIS1, in human and murine MLL-rearranged leukemia by CRISPR-Cas9 mediated deletion of MN1. MN1 was required for in vivo leukemogenicity of MLL positive murine and human leukemia cells. Loss of MN1 inhibited cell cycle and proliferation, promoted apoptosis and induced differentiation of MLL-rearranged cells. Expression analysis and chromatin immunoprecipitation with sequencing from previously reported data sets demonstrated that MN1 primarily maintains active transcription of HOXA9 and HOXA10, which are critical downstream genes of MLL, and their target genes like BCL2, MCL1 and Survivin. Treatment of MLL-rearranged primary leukemia cells with anti-MN1 siRNA significantly reduced their clonogenic potential in contrast to normal CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells, suggesting a therapeutic window for MN1 targeting. In summary, our findings demonstrate that MN1 plays an essential role in MLL fusion leukemias and serve as a therapeutic target in MLL-rearranged acute myeloid leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Sharma
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Nidhi Jyotsana
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Razif Gabdoulline
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Dirk Heckl
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Robert K Slany
- Department of Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Arnold Ganser
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Michael Heuser
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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16
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Pieters T, T'Sas S, Demoen L, Almeida A, Haenebalcke L, Matthijssens F, Lemeire K, D'Hont J, Van Rockeghem F, Hochepied T, Lintermans B, Reunes L, Lammens T, Berx G, Haigh JJ, Goossens S, Van Vlierberghe P. Novel strategy for rapid functional in vivo validation of oncogenic drivers in haematological malignancies. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10577. [PMID: 31332244 PMCID: PMC6646380 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46853-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In cancer research, it remains challenging to functionally validate putative novel oncogenic drivers and to establish relevant preclinical models for evaluation of novel therapeutic strategies. Here, we describe an optimized and efficient pipeline for the generation of novel conditional overexpression mouse models in which putative oncogenes, along with an eGFP/Luciferase dual reporter, are expressed from the endogenous ROSA26 (R26) promoter. The efficiency of this approach was demonstrated by the generation and validation of novel R26 knock-in (KI) mice that allow conditional overexpression of Jarid2, Runx2, MN1 and a dominant negative allele of ETV6. As proof of concept, we confirm that MN1 overexpression in the hematopoietic lineage is sufficient to drive myeloid leukemia. In addition, we show that T-cell specific activation of MN1 in combination with loss of Pten increases tumour penetrance and stimulates the formation of Lyl1+ murine T-cell lymphoblastic leukemias or lymphomas (T-ALL/T-LBL). Finally, we demonstrate that these luciferase-positive murine AML and T-ALL/T-LBL cells are transplantable into immunocompromised mice allowing preclinical evaluation of novel anti-leukemic drugs in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Pieters
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sara T'Sas
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lisa Demoen
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - André Almeida
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lieven Haenebalcke
- VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Filip Matthijssens
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kelly Lemeire
- VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jinke D'Hont
- VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Frederique Van Rockeghem
- VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tino Hochepied
- VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Beatrice Lintermans
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lindy Reunes
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tim Lammens
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Geert Berx
- VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jody J Haigh
- Mammalian Functional Genetics Group, Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.,Research Institute in Oncology and Hematology, Cancer Care Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Steven Goossens
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. .,VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent, Belgium. .,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. .,Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Pieter Van Vlierberghe
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. .,Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Ghent, Belgium.
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17
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High expression of meningioma 1 is correlated with reduced survival rates in colorectal cancer patients. Acta Histochem 2019; 121:628-637. [PMID: 31133374 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2019.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The identification of prognostic markers for colorectal cancer (CRC) has important clinical implications. However, the association between meningioma 1 (MN1) expression and clinical outcomes of CRC has not been fully investigated. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of MN1 in the clinical context of CRC. We first used immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining to examine and compare MN1 expression between multiple human cancer tissues and normal tissues. Initial screening revealed that the expression of MN1 proteins was significantly higher in tumor tissues of the breast, colon, and liver than in normal tissues. In further testing conducted on 59 paired CRC samples, we observed that the expression of MN1 in CRC tissue samples was significantly higher than in adjacent normal tissues. Moreover, high MN1 expression was not significantly associated with clinicopathological characteristics. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed that high expression of MN1 mRNA or MN1 protein was significantly associated with poor CRC prognosis. Furthermore, univariate Cox analysis revealed that a high MN1 score was significantly associated with prognostic factors. Multivariate Cox analysis further indicated that gender, histologic grade, tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage, and a high MN1 score were independent factors of overall CRC survival rates. Finally, MN1 and PCNA protein levels were positively correlated, which suggests that MN1 may be involved in the cell proliferation process during CRC formation. Our results, which confirm those of other studies, indicate that (1) high levels of MN1 expression contribute to poor CRC prognosis and (2) MN1 can serve as a novel potential biomarker in predicting the prognosis of CRC patients.
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18
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Jentzsch M, Bill M, Grimm J, Schulz J, Beinicke S, Häntschel J, Goldmann K, Pönisch W, Franke GN, Vucinic V, Cross M, Behre G, Lange T, Niederwieser D, Schwind S. Prognostic Impact of Blood MN1 Copy Numbers Before Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation in Patients With Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Hemasphere 2019; 3:e167. [PMID: 31723806 PMCID: PMC6745933 DOI: 10.1097/hs9.0000000000000167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
High expression of the leukemia-associated gene meningioma-1 (MN1) is frequently found at diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and associates with adverse outcomes. The presence of measurable residual disease (MRD) in complete remission (CR) indicates high risk of relapse and worse outcome in AML patients. However, the prognostic impact of MN1 expression levels as MRD marker has not been evaluated. Digital droplet polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) is a novel technique allowing sensitive and specific absolute gene expression quantification. We retrospectively analyzed 124 AML patients who received allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in CR or CR with incomplete peripheral recovery. Absolute MN1 copy numbers in peripheral blood were assessed prior to HSCT (median 7; range 0-29 days) using ddPCR. High pre-HSCT MN1/Abelson murine leukemia viral oncogene homolog 1 gene (ABL1) copy numbers associated with a higher cumulative incidence of relapse after HSCT and-in relapsing patients-shorter time to relapse. In multivariable analysis, high pre-HSCT MN1/ABL1 copy numbers remained an independent prognosticator for relapse after HSCT. Patients with the highest pre-HSCT MN1/ABL1 copy numbers also had the highest risk of relapse. MN1 copy number assessment also added prognostic information to nucleophosmin 1 gene (NPM1) mutation- and brain and acute leukemia, cytoplasmic (BAALC) and Wilm's tumor gene 1 (WT1) expression-based MRD evaluation. Our study demonstrates the feasibility of the novel ddPCR technique for MN1/ABL1 copy number assessment as a marker for MRD. Evaluation of MN1/ABL1 copy numbers allows the identification of patients at high risk of relapse, independently of other diagnostic risk factors and MRD markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madlen Jentzsch
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Marius Bill
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Juliane Grimm
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Julia Schulz
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stefanie Beinicke
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Janine Häntschel
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Karoline Goldmann
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Wolfram Pönisch
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Vladan Vucinic
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michael Cross
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Gerhard Behre
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Thoralf Lange
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Sebastian Schwind
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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19
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Herbrich SM, Baggerly KA, Konopleva M. Refining statistics clarifies leukaemic stem cell genomics. Br J Haematol 2018; 185:1005-1007. [PMID: 30474856 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.15697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shelley M Herbrich
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Keith A Baggerly
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Marina Konopleva
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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20
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Bargal SA, Rafiee R, Crews KR, Wu H, Cao X, Rubnitz JE, Ribeiro RC, Downing JR, Pounds SB, Lamba JK. Genome-wide association analysis identifies SNPs predictive of in vitro leukemic cell sensitivity to cytarabine in pediatric AML. Oncotarget 2018; 9:34859-34875. [PMID: 30405880 PMCID: PMC6201857 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytarabine has been an integral part of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) chemotherapy for over four decades. However, development of resistance and high rates of relapse is a significant impediment in successfully treating AML. We performed a genome-wide association analysis (GWAS) and identified 113 (83 after adjusting for Linkage Disequilibrium) SNPs associated with in vitro cytarabine chemosensitivity of diagnostic leukemic cells from a cohort of 50 pediatric AML patients (p<10-4). Further evaluation of diagnostic leukemic cell gene-expression identified 19 SNP-gene pairs with a concordant triad of associations: i)SNP genotype with cytarabine sensitivity (p<0.0001), ii) gene-expression with cytarabine sensitivity (p<0.05), and iii) genotype with gene-expression (p<0.1). Two genes from SNP-gene pairs, rs1376041-GPR56 and rs75400242-IGF1R, were functionally validated by siRNA knockdown in AML cell lines. Consistent with association of rs1376041 and gene-expression in AML patients siRNA mediated knock-down of GPR56 increased cytarabine sensitivity of AML cell lines. Similarly for IGF1R, knockdown increased the cytarabine sensitivity of AML cell lines consistent with results in AML patients. Given both IGF1R and GPR56 are promising drug-targets in AML, our results on SNPs driving the expression/function of these genes will not only enhance our understanding of cytarabine resistance but also hold promise in personalizing AML for targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma A Bargal
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research and Center for Pharmacogenomics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Roya Rafiee
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research and Center for Pharmacogenomics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Kristine R Crews
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Huiyun Wu
- Department of Biostatistics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Xueyuan Cao
- Department of Biostatistics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.,Department of Acute and Tertiary Care, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Jeffrey E Rubnitz
- Department of Oncology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Raul C Ribeiro
- Department of Oncology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - James R Downing
- Department of Pathology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Stanley B Pounds
- Department of Biostatistics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Jatinder K Lamba
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research and Center for Pharmacogenomics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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21
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Carturan S, Petiti J, Rosso V, Calabrese C, Signorino E, Bot-Sartor G, Nicoli P, Gallo D, Bracco E, Morotti A, Panuzzo C, Gottardi E, Frassoni F, Saglio G, Cilloni D. Variable but consistent pattern of Meningioma 1 gene (MN1) expression in different genetic subsets of acute myelogenous leukaemia and its potential use as a marker for minimal residual disease detection. Oncotarget 2018; 7:74082-74096. [PMID: 27765915 PMCID: PMC5342037 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Meningioma 1 (MN1) gene overexpression has been reported in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) patients and identified as a negative prognostic factor. In order to characterize patients presenting gene overexpression and to verify if MN1 transcript could be a useful marker for minimal residual disease detection, MN1 was quantified in 136 AML patients with different cytogenetic risk and in 50 normal controls. In 20 patients bearing a fusion gene transcript suitable for minimal residual disease quantitative assessment and in 8 patients with NPM1 mutation, we performed a simultaneous analysis of MN1 and the fusion-gene transcript or NPM1 mutation during follow-up. Sequential MN1 and WT1 analysis was also performed in 13 AML patients lacking other molecular markers. The data obtained show that normal cells consistently express low levels of MN1 transcript. In contrast, high levels of MN1 expression are present in 47% of patients with normal karyotype and in all cases with inv(16). MN1 levels during follow-up were found to follow the pattern of other molecular markers (fusion gene transcripts, NPM1 and WT1). Increased MN1 expression in the BM during follow up was always found to be predictive of an impending hematological relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Carturan
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Jessica Petiti
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Valentina Rosso
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Chiara Calabrese
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Signorino
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Giada Bot-Sartor
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Paolo Nicoli
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Daniela Gallo
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Enrico Bracco
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Alessandro Morotti
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Cristina Panuzzo
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Enrico Gottardi
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesco Frassoni
- Department of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology and Stem Cell and Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Institute G. Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Saglio
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Daniela Cilloni
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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22
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Shao H, Cen J, Chen S, Qiu H, Pan J. Myeloid neoplasms with t(12;22)(p13;q12)/MN1-EVT6: a systematic review of 12 cases. Ann Hematol 2018; 97:417-424. [PMID: 29273914 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-017-3208-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
t(12;22)(p13;q12) is a rare but recurrent chromosomal abnormality involving the ETS transcription factor ETV6 and meningioma 1 (MN1) genes. In this study, we analyzed the clinical, cytogenetic, and molecular features of five new patients with the t(12;22)/MN1-EVT6 who presented with acute myeloid leukemia or chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. We subsequently reviewed the literature and identified seven additional cases reported with t(12;22)/MN1-EVT6. Our data suggest that neoplasms carrying the t(12;22)/MN1-ETV6, although rare, can commonly present as myeloid neoplasms at the initial diagnosis, including acute myeloid leukemia (n = 8), myelodysplastic syndrome (n = 2), and myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasms (n = 2). There were five men and seven women with a median age of 43 years (range, 15-63 years) at initial diagnosis. Cytogenetics revealed t(12;22) as the sole abnormality in five patients, with the remaining seven patients harboring additional chromosomal aberrations. Of the five patients who received known therapy regimens, all of them had poor response to the idarubicin/mitoxantrone + cytarabine regimen. Of the seven patients with follow-up information, six patients died with a median overall survival time of only 5 months (range, 1-12 months) after the emergence of t(12;22). In summary, patients with t(12;22) are frequently associated with myeloid neoplasms, poor response to chemotherapy, and inferior outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haigang Shao
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis of Ministry of Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, 215006, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiannong Cen
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis of Ministry of Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, 215006, People's Republic of China
| | - Suning Chen
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis of Ministry of Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, 215006, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiying Qiu
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis of Ministry of Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, 215006, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinlan Pan
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis of Ministry of Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, 215006, People's Republic of China.
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23
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Richter L, Wang Y, Hyde RK. Targeting binding partners of the CBFβ-SMMHC fusion protein for the treatment of inversion 16 acute myeloid leukemia. Oncotarget 2018; 7:66255-66266. [PMID: 27542261 PMCID: PMC5323231 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Inversion of chromosome 16 (inv(16)) generates the CBFβ-SMMHC fusion protein and is found in nearly all patients with acute myeloid leukemia subtype M4 with Eosinophilia (M4Eo). Expression of CBFβ-SMMHC is causative for leukemia development, but the molecular mechanisms underlying its activity are unclear. Recently, there have been important advances in defining the role of CBFβ-SMMHC and its binding partners, the transcription factor RUNX1 and the histone deacetylase HDAC8. Importantly, initial trials demonstrate that small molecules targeting these binding partners are effective against CBFβ-SMMHC induced leukemia. This review will discuss recent advances in defining the mechanism of CBFβ-SMMHC activity, as well as efforts to develop new therapies for inv(16) AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Richter
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Yiqian Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - R Katherine Hyde
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
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24
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Larmonie NSD, Arentsen-Peters TCJM, Obulkasim A, Valerio D, Sonneveld E, Danen-van Oorschot AA, de Haas V, Reinhardt D, Zimmermann M, Trka J, Baruchel A, Pieters R, van den Heuvel-Eibrink MM, Zwaan CM, Fornerod M. MN1 overexpression is driven by loss of DNMT3B methylation activity in inv(16) pediatric AML. Oncogene 2018; 37:107-115. [PMID: 28892045 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Revised: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In acute myeloid leukemia (AML), specific genomic aberrations induce aberrant methylation, thus directly influencing the transcriptional programing of leukemic cells. Therefore, therapies targeting epigenetic processes are advocated as a promising therapeutic tool for AML treatment. However, to develop new therapies, a comprehensive understanding of the mechanism(s) driving the epigenetic changes as a result of acquired genetic abnormalities is necessary. This understanding is still lacking. In this study, we performed genome-wide CpG-island methylation profiling on pediatric AML samples. Six differentially methylated genomic regions within two genes, discriminating inv(16)(p13;q22) from non-inv(16) pediatric AML samples, were identified. All six regions had a hypomethylated phenotype in inv(16) AML samples, and this was most prominent at the regions encompassing the meningioma (disrupted in balanced translocation) 1 (MN1) oncogene. MN1 expression primarily correlated with the methylation level of the 3' end of the MN1 exon-1 locus. Decitabine treatment of different cell lines showed that induced loss of methylation at the MN1 locus can result in an increase of MN1 expression, indicating that MN1 expression is coregulated by DNA methylation. To investigate this methylation-associated mechanism, we determined the expression of DNA methyltransferases in inv(16) AML. We found that DNMT3B expression was significantly lower in inv(16) samples. Furthermore, DNMT3B expression correlated negatively with MN1 expression in pediatric AML samples. Importantly, depletion of DNMT3B impaired remethylation efficiency of the MN1 exon-1 locus in AML cells after decitabine exposure. These findings identify DNMT3B as an important coregulator of MN1 methylation. Taken together, this study shows that the methylation level of the MN1 exon-1 locus regulates MN1 expression levels in inv(16) pediatric AML. This methylation level is dependent on DNMT3B, thus suggesting a role for DNMT3B in leukemogenesis in inv(16) AML, through MN1 methylation regulation.
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MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Azacitidine/analogs & derivatives
- Azacitidine/pharmacology
- Carcinogenesis/genetics
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Child
- Child, Preschool
- CpG Islands/genetics
- DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases/metabolism
- DNA Methylation/drug effects
- DNA Methylation/genetics
- Decitabine
- Epigenesis, Genetic/genetics
- Exons/genetics
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic
- Humans
- Infant
- Infant, Newborn
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/blood
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology
- Male
- Nucleic Acid Hybridization/methods
- Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis/methods
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/genetics
- Promoter Regions, Genetic/genetics
- Trans-Activators
- Tumor Suppressor Proteins/genetics
- DNA Methyltransferase 3B
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Affiliation(s)
- N S D Larmonie
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - T C J M Arentsen-Peters
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A Obulkasim
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - D Valerio
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - E Sonneveld
- Dutch Childhood Oncology Group (DCOG), The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - A A Danen-van Oorschot
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - V de Haas
- Dutch Childhood Oncology Group (DCOG), The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - D Reinhardt
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Medical High School, Hannover, Germany
| | - M Zimmermann
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Medical High School, Hannover, Germany
| | - J Trka
- Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, 2nd Medical School, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - A Baruchel
- CHU de Paris-Hôpital Robert Debré, Paris, France
| | - R Pieters
- Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - C M Zwaan
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M Fornerod
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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25
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Lai CK, Norddahl GL, Maetzig T, Rosten P, Lohr T, Sanchez Milde L, von Krosigk N, Docking TR, Heuser M, Karsan A, Humphries RK. Meis2 as a critical player in MN1-induced leukemia. Blood Cancer J 2017; 7:e613. [PMID: 28960191 PMCID: PMC5709755 DOI: 10.1038/bcj.2017.86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Meningioma 1 (MN1) is an independent prognostic marker for normal karyotype acute myeloid leukemia (AML), with high expression linked to all-trans retinoic acid resistance and poor survival. MN1 is also a potent and sufficient oncogene in murine leukemia models, strongly dependent on the MEIS1/AbdB-like HOX protein complex to transform common myeloid progenitors, block myeloid differentiation, and promote leukemic stem cell self-renewal. To identify key genes and pathways underlying leukemic activity, we functionally assessed MN1 cell phenotypic heterogeneity, revealing leukemic and non-leukemic subsets. Using gene expression profiling of these subsets combined with previously published comparisons of full-length MN1 and mutants with varying leukemogenic activity, we identified candidate genes critical to leukemia. Functional analysis identified Hlf and Hoxa9 as critical to MN1 in vitro proliferation, self-renewal and impaired myeloid differentiation. Although critical to transformation, Meis1 knockdown had little impact on these properties in vitro. However, we identified Meis2 as critical to MN1-induced leukemia, with essential roles in proliferation, self-renewal, impairment of differentiation and disease progression in vitro and in vivo. Here, we provide evidence of phenotypic and functional hierarchy in MN1-induced leukemic cells, characterise contributions of Hlf, Hoxa9 and Meis1 to in vitro leukemic properties, and reveal Meis2 as a novel player in MN1-induced leukemogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C K Lai
- Terry Fox Laboratory, BC Cancer Agency Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - G L Norddahl
- Terry Fox Laboratory, BC Cancer Agency Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - T Maetzig
- Terry Fox Laboratory, BC Cancer Agency Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - P Rosten
- Terry Fox Laboratory, BC Cancer Agency Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - T Lohr
- Terry Fox Laboratory, BC Cancer Agency Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - L Sanchez Milde
- Terry Fox Laboratory, BC Cancer Agency Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - N von Krosigk
- Terry Fox Laboratory, BC Cancer Agency Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - T R Docking
- Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - M Heuser
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - A Karsan
- Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - R K Humphries
- Terry Fox Laboratory, BC Cancer Agency Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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26
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Çalışkaner ZO, Çakar T, Özçelik E, Özdilek A, Kim AS, Doğan Ö, Bosompem A, Grosveld G, Saka B, Kandilci A. DEK protein level is a biomarker of CD138positive normal and malignant plasma cells. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0178025. [PMID: 28558048 PMCID: PMC5448761 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Overexpression of DEK oncogene is associated with increased proliferation of carcinoma cells and it is observed in several solid tumors due to the amplification of the 6p22.3 chromosomal region where DEK locates. Although the same chromosomal amplification occurs in multiple myeloma (MM), a plasma cell neoplasm, whether the expression and the copy number of the DEK gene are affected in MM remains elusive. We show that despite the increased copy number in CD138positive MM cells (4 out of 41 MM samples), DEK mRNA expression was down-regulated compared with that in CD138negative bone marrow (BM) cells of the same patients (P<0.0001). DEK protein was not detectable by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in CD138positive normal plasma cells or in malignant plasma cells of MM patients (n = 56) whereas it was widely expressed in normal and neoplastic B-cells. Stable knockdown or overexpression of DEK in CD138positive MM cell lines did not affect the proliferation and viability of the cells profoundly in the presence or absence of chemotherapeutic agent melphalan whereas knockdown of DEK moderately but significantly increased the expression level of CD138 (p<0.01). Decreased DEK expression in plasma cells suggests a potential role of this gene in plasma cell development and lack of detectable DEK protein by IHC could be used as a biomarker for normal and malignant plasma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihni Onur Çalışkaner
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Türkan Çakar
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Emrah Özçelik
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Özdilek
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Annette S. Kim
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Öner Doğan
- Department of Pathology, Istanbul University, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Amma Bosompem
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Gerard Grosveld
- Department of Genetics, St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Bülent Saka
- Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayten Kandilci
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
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27
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Zayed RA, Eltaweel MA, Botros SKA, Zaki MA. MN1 and PTEN gene expression in acute myeloid leukemia. Cancer Biomark 2017; 18:177-182. [PMID: 27983532 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-160235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Multiple genetic alterations with prognostic significance have been discovered in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We studied the expression level of two genes, Meningioma1 (MN1) and Phosphatase and Tensin homolog (PTEN) to determine their expression in AML patients and their role as prognostic markers. METHODS The study included 50 cytogenetic normal de novo AML cases and 10 controls, Their level was detected by Real time Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction. RESULT Relative mRNA expression of MN1 was significantly higher (p value < 0.001) and PTEN expression was significantly lower (p value = 0.002). No correlation was found between neither MN1 nor PTEN mRNA expression and overall survival (p value = 0.212 and 0.310) respectively. CONCLUSION Although our study suggests a role for MN1 gene and PTEN genes in AML, we could not recommend their use as routine diagnostic and prognostic markers for AML in Egyptian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania A Zayed
- Clinical and Chemical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Maha A Eltaweel
- Clinical and Chemical Pathology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Shahira K A Botros
- Clinical and Chemical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Zaki
- Clinical and Chemical Pathology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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28
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Shafik RE, Hassan NM, El Meligui YM, Shafik HE. The Meningioma 1 (MN1) Gene is an Independent Poor Prognostic Factor in Adult Egyptian Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2017; 18:609-613. [PMID: 28440611 PMCID: PMC5464473 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2017.18.3.609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To determine the prognostic importance of meningioma 1 (MN1) gene expression levels in the context of other predictive markers for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cases. Methods: MN1 expression was measured in 85 newly diagnosed adults younger than 60 years by real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Results: At diagnosis 67.4% of cases had elevated MN1 expression, this being associated with a worse prognosis, higher incidence of lymphadenopathy and CD34 transcript expression (p=0.02 and <0.001, respectively). No other molecular or clinical characteristics were significantly associated with MN1expression. Patients with high MN1 expression had lower complete response rate at day 15 compared to patients with low MN1 expression (p=0.09) and a significantly higher relapse rate (21.1% versus 7.7%, respectively, p=0.04). Patients with high MN1 expression had shorter TTP compared to those with low expression, p= 0.07. Conclusion: MN1 expression may predict outcome in AML patients. The MN1 gene and micro RNA expression suggest a biological feature that could be used as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxan E Shafik
- National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Medical Oncology Department, Egypt.
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29
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Riedel SS, Haladyna JN, Bezzant M, Stevens B, Pollyea DA, Sinha AU, Armstrong SA, Wei Q, Pollock RM, Daigle SR, Jordan CT, Ernst P, Neff T, Bernt KM. MLL1 and DOT1L cooperate with meningioma-1 to induce acute myeloid leukemia. J Clin Invest 2016; 126:1438-50. [PMID: 26927674 DOI: 10.1172/jci80825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Meningioma-1 (MN1) overexpression is frequently observed in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and is predictive of poor prognosis. In murine models, forced expression of MN1 in hematopoietic progenitors induces an aggressive myeloid leukemia that is strictly dependent on a defined gene expression program in the cell of origin, which includes the homeobox genes Hoxa9 and Meis1 as key components. Here, we have shown that this program is controlled by two histone methyltransferases, MLL1 and DOT1L, as deletion of either Mll1 or Dot1l in MN1-expressing cells abrogated the cell of origin-derived gene expression program, including the expression of Hoxa cluster genes. In murine models, genetic inactivation of either Mll1 or Dot1l impaired MN1-mediated leukemogenesis. We determined that HOXA9 and MEIS1 are coexpressed with MN1 in a subset of clinical MN1hi leukemia, and human MN1hi/HOXA9hi leukemias were sensitive to pharmacologic inhibition of DOT1L. Together, these data point to DOT1L as a potential therapeutic target in MN1hi AML. In addition, our findings suggest that epigenetic modulation of the interplay between an oncogenic lesion and its cooperating developmental program has therapeutic potential in AML.
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30
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KANDİLCİ A. Cancer stem cells: lessons learned from the leukemic stem cells. Turk J Biol 2016. [DOI: 10.3906/biy-1509-53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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31
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Mouse models for core binding factor leukemia. Leukemia 2015; 29:1970-80. [PMID: 26165235 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2015.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Revised: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
RUNX1 and CBFB are among the most frequently mutated genes in human leukemias. Genetic alterations such as chromosomal translocations, copy number variations and point mutations have been widely reported to result in the malfunction of RUNX transcription factors. Leukemias arising from such alterations in RUNX family genes are collectively termed core binding factor (CBF) leukemias. Although adult CBF leukemias generally are considered a favorable risk group as compared with other forms of acute myeloid leukemia, the 5-year survival rate remains low. An improved understanding of the molecular mechanism for CBF leukemia is imperative to uncover novel treatment options. Over the years, retroviral transduction-transplantation assays and transgenic, knockin and knockout mouse models alone or in combination with mutagenesis have been used to study the roles of RUNX alterations in leukemogenesis. Although successful in inducing leukemia, the existing assays and models possess many inherent limitations. A CBF leukemia model which induces leukemia with complete penetrance and short latency would be ideal as a platform for drug discovery. Here, we summarize the currently available mouse models which have been utilized to study CBF leukemias, discuss the advantages and limitations of individual experimental systems, and propose suggestions for improvements of mouse models.
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32
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Numata M, Yener MD, Ekmekçi SS, Aydın M, Grosveld G, Cardone M, Terranova S, Geltink RK, Özbek U, Özçelik E, Güleç Ç, Anak S, Karaman S, Öztürk G, Akbıyık M, Kandilci A. High MN1 expression increases the in vitro clonogenic activity of primary mouse B-cells. Leuk Res 2015; 39:906-12. [PMID: 26111797 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2015.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Revised: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The MN1 (Meningioma 1) gene is overexpressed in certain subtypes of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and high levels of MN1 expression in mouse bone marrow cells results in myeloid leukemia. We showed that compared with control bone marrow (BM) MN1 expression was increased (2-fold or more) in 29 out of 73 (40%) pediatric B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) patient BM. Additional analysis of MN1 expression in sub-groups within our cohort carrying different chromosome translocations showed that carriers of the good prognostic marker t(12;21)(TEL-AML1) (n=27) expressed significantly more MN1 than both healthy controls (n=9) (P=0.02) and the group carrying the t(9;22)(BCR-ABL) (n=9) (P=0.001). In addition, AML1 expression was also upregulated in 31 out of 45 (68%) B-ALL patient BM compared with control and there was a significant correlation between MN1 and AML1 expression (r=0.3552, P=0.0167). Retroviral MN1 overexpression increased the colony forming activity of mouse Pro-B/Pre-B cells in vitro. Our results suggest that deregulated MN1 expression contributes to the pathogenesis of pediatric B-ALL. Further investigation into the clinical and biological significance of elevated MN1 expression in TEL-AML1(positive) leukemia might provide insight into additional molecular mechanisms contributing to B-ALL and may lead to improved treatment options for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Numata
- St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Department of Genetics, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Mehmet Deniz Yener
- Gebze Technical University, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Sema Sırma Ekmekçi
- Institute for Experimental Medicine, Department of Genetics, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Müge Aydın
- Institute for Experimental Medicine, Department of Genetics, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gerard Grosveld
- St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Department of Genetics, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Monica Cardone
- St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Department of Genetics, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Sabrina Terranova
- St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Department of Genetics, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Ramon Klein Geltink
- St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Department of Genetics, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Uğur Özbek
- Institute for Experimental Medicine, Department of Genetics, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Emrah Özçelik
- Gebze Technical University, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Çağrı Güleç
- Pediatric Hematology Division of Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sema Anak
- Pediatric Hematology Division of Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Serap Karaman
- Pediatric Hematology Division of Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gülyüz Öztürk
- Medical Park Hospitals, Bahçelievler, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Meral Akbıyık
- Medical Park Hospitals, Bahçelievler, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayten Kandilci
- Gebze Technical University, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey.
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33
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Lai CK, Moon Y, Kuchenbauer F, Starzcynowski DT, Argiropoulos B, Yung E, Beer P, Schwarzer A, Sharma A, Park G, Leung M, Lin G, Vollett S, Fung S, Eaves CJ, Karsan A, Weng AP, Humphries RK, Heuser M. Cell fate decisions in malignant hematopoiesis: leukemia phenotype is determined by distinct functional domains of the MN1 oncogene. PLoS One 2014; 9:e112671. [PMID: 25401736 PMCID: PMC4234417 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Accepted: 10/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Extensive molecular profiling of leukemias and preleukemic diseases has revealed that distinct clinical entities, like acute myeloid (AML) and T-lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), share similar pathogenetic mutations. It is not well understood how the cell of origin, accompanying mutations, extracellular signals or structural differences in a mutated gene determine the phenotypic identity of leukemias. We dissected the functional aspects of different protein regions of the MN1 oncogene and their effect on the leukemic phenotype, building on the ability of MN1 to induce leukemia without accompanying mutations. We found that the most C-terminal region of MN1 was required to block myeloid differentiation at an early stage, and deletion of an extended C-terminal region resulted in loss of myeloid identity and cell differentiation along the T-cell lineage in vivo. Megakaryocytic/erythroid lineage differentiation was blocked by the N-terminal region. In addition, the N-terminus was required for proliferation and leukemogenesis in vitro and in vivo through upregulation of HoxA9, HoxA10 and Meis2. Our results provide evidence that a single oncogene can modulate cellular identity of leukemic cells based on its active gene regions. It is therefore likely that different mutations in the same oncogene may impact cell fate decisions and phenotypic appearance of malignant diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courteney K. Lai
- Terry Fox Laboratory, BC Cancer Agency Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Yeonsook Moon
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical School of Inha University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Florian Kuchenbauer
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
- Institute of Experimental Cancer Research, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Daniel T. Starzcynowski
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Bob Argiropoulos
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Eric Yung
- Terry Fox Laboratory, BC Cancer Agency Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Philip Beer
- Terry Fox Laboratory, BC Cancer Agency Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Adrian Schwarzer
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Amit Sharma
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Gyeongsin Park
- Department of Hospital Pathology, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Malina Leung
- Terry Fox Laboratory, BC Cancer Agency Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Grace Lin
- Terry Fox Laboratory, BC Cancer Agency Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Sarah Vollett
- Terry Fox Laboratory, BC Cancer Agency Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Stephen Fung
- Terry Fox Laboratory, BC Cancer Agency Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Connie J. Eaves
- Terry Fox Laboratory, BC Cancer Agency Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Aly Karsan
- Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Andrew P. Weng
- Terry Fox Laboratory, BC Cancer Agency Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - R. Keith Humphries
- Terry Fox Laboratory, BC Cancer Agency Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- * E-mail:
| | - Michael Heuser
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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34
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Braun CJ, Boztug K, Paruzynski A, Witzel M, Schwarzer A, Rothe M, Modlich U, Beier R, Göhring G, Steinemann D, Fronza R, Ball CR, Haemmerle R, Naundorf S, Kühlcke K, Rose M, Fraser C, Mathias L, Ferrari R, Abboud MR, Al-Herz W, Kondratenko I, Maródi L, Glimm H, Schlegelberger B, Schambach A, Albert MH, Schmidt M, von Kalle C, Klein C. Gene therapy for Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome--long-term efficacy and genotoxicity. Sci Transl Med 2014; 6:227ra33. [PMID: 24622513 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3007280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 410] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) is characterized by microthrombocytopenia, immunodeficiency, autoimmunity, and susceptibility to malignancies. In our hematopoietic stem cell gene therapy (GT) trial using a γ-retroviral vector, 9 of 10 patients showed sustained engraftment and correction of WAS protein (WASP) expression in lymphoid and myeloid cells and platelets. GT resulted in partial or complete resolution of immunodeficiency, autoimmunity, and bleeding diathesis. Analysis of retroviral insertion sites revealed >140,000 unambiguous integration sites and a polyclonal pattern of hematopoiesis in all patients early after GT. Seven patients developed acute leukemia [one acute myeloid leukemia (AML), four T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), and two primary T-ALL with secondary AML associated with a dominant clone with vector integration at the LMO2 (six T-ALL), MDS1 (two AML), or MN1 (one AML) locus]. Cytogenetic analysis revealed additional genetic alterations such as chromosomal translocations. This study shows that hematopoietic stem cell GT for WAS is feasible and effective, but the use of γ-retroviral vectors is associated with a substantial risk of leukemogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Jörg Braun
- Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany
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CBFB-MYH11 hypomethylation signature and PBX3 differential methylation revealed by targeted bisulfite sequencing in patients with acute myeloid leukemia. J Hematol Oncol 2014; 7:66. [PMID: 25266220 PMCID: PMC4197269 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-014-0066-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 09/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Studying DNA methylation changes in the context of structural rearrangements and point mutations as well as gene expression changes enables the identification of genes that are important for disease onset and progression in different subtypes of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. The aim of this study was to identify differentially methylated genes with potential impact on AML pathogenesis based on the correlation of methylation and expression data. Methods The primary method of studying DNA methylation changes was targeted bisulfite sequencing capturing approximately 84 megabases (Mb) of the genome in 14 diagnostic AML patients and a healthy donors’ CD34+ pool. Subsequently, selected DNA methylation changes were confirmed by 454 bisulfite pyrosequencing in a larger cohort of samples. Furthermore, we addressed gene expression by microarray profiling and correlated methylation of regions adjacent to transcription start sites with expression of corresponding genes. Results Here, we report a novel hypomethylation pattern, specific to CBFB-MYH11 fusion resulting from inv(16) rearrangement that is associated with genes previously described as upregulated in inv(16) AML. We assume that this hypomethylation and corresponding overexpresion occurs in the genes whose function is important in inv(16) leukemogenesis. Further, by comparing all targeted methylation and microarray expression data, PBX3 differential methylation was found to correlate with its gene expression. PBX3 has been recently shown to be a key interaction partner of HOX genes during leukemogenesis and we revealed higher incidence of relapses in PBX3-overexpressing patients. Conclusions We discovered new genomic regions with aberrant DNA methylation that are associated with expression of genes involved in leukemogenesis. Our results demonstrate the potential of the targeted approach for DNA methylation studies to reveal new regulatory regions. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13045-014-0066-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Sharma A, Yun H, Jyotsana N, Chaturvedi A, Schwarzer A, Yung E, Lai CK, Kuchenbauer F, Argiropoulos B, Görlich K, Ganser A, Humphries RK, Heuser M. Constitutive IRF8 expression inhibits AML by activation of repressed immune response signaling. Leukemia 2014; 29:157-68. [PMID: 24957708 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2014.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2013] [Revised: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Myeloid differentiation is blocked in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), but the molecular mechanisms are not well characterized. Meningioma 1 (MN1) is overexpressed in AML patients and confers resistance to all-trans retinoic acid-induced differentiation. To understand the role of MN1 as a transcriptional regulator in myeloid differentiation, we fused transcriptional activation (VP16) or repression (M33) domains with MN1 and characterized these cells in vivo. Transcriptional activation of MN1 target genes induced myeloproliferative disease with long latency and differentiation potential to mature neutrophils. A large proportion of differentially expressed genes between leukemic MN1 and differentiation-permissive MN1VP16 cells belonged to the immune response pathway like interferon-response factor (Irf) 8 and Ccl9. As MN1 is a cofactor of MEIS1 and retinoic acid receptor alpha (RARA), we compared chromatin occupancy between these genes. Immune response genes that were upregulated in MN1VP16 cells were co-targeted by MN1 and MEIS1, but not RARA, suggesting that myeloid differentiation is blocked through transcriptional repression of shared target genes of MN1 and MEIS1. Constitutive expression of Irf8 or its target gene Ccl9 identified these genes as potent inhibitors of murine and human leukemias in vivo. Our data show that MN1 prevents activation of the immune response pathway, and suggest restoration of IRF8 signaling as therapeutic target in AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sharma
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - H Yun
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - N Jyotsana
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - A Chaturvedi
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - A Schwarzer
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - E Yung
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - C K Lai
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - F Kuchenbauer
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - B Argiropoulos
- Department of Medical Genetics, HSC, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - K Görlich
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - A Ganser
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - R K Humphries
- 1] Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada [2] Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - M Heuser
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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38
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Hoyos M, Nomdedeu JF, Esteve J, Duarte R, Ribera JM, Llorente A, Escoda L, Bueno J, Tormo M, Gallardo D, de Llano MPQ, Martí JM, Aventín A, Mangues R, Brunet S, Sierra J. Core binding factor acute myeloid leukemia: the impact of age, leukocyte count, molecular findings, and minimal residual disease. Eur J Haematol 2013; 91:209-218. [PMID: 23646898 DOI: 10.1111/ejh.12130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Most patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and genetic rearrangements involving the core binding factor (CBF) have favorable prognosis. In contrast, a minority of them still have a high risk of leukemia recurrence. This study investigated the adverse features of CBF AML that could justify investigational therapeutic approaches. PATIENTS AND METHODS One hundred and fifty patients (median age 42 yr, range 16-69) with CBF AML (RUNX1-RUNX1T1 n = 74; CBFB-MYH11 n = 76) were prospectively enrolled into two consecutive CETLAM protocols at 19 Spanish institutions. Main clinic and biologic parameters were analyzed in the whole series. In non-selected cases with available DNA samples, the impact of molecular characterization and minimal residual disease (MRD) was also studied. RESULTS Overall, complete remission (CR) rate was 89% (94% in ≤50 yr old and 72% in >50 yr, P = 0.002). At 5 yr, cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR) was 26 ± 1%, disease-free survival (DFS) 62 ± 6%, and overall survival (OS) 66 ± 4%. In multivariate analyses, leukocyte count above 20 × 10(9) /L, BAALC over-expression, and high copy numbers of RUNX1-RUNXT1 or CBFB-MYH11 after induction chemotherapy (CT) led to increased relapse rate. Regarding OS, age >50 yr, leukocyte count above 20 × 10(9) /L, and increased MN1 expression were adverse features. CONCLUSION Age, leukocyte counts, BAALC, and MN1 gene expressions as well as high copy numbers of RUNX1-RUNXT1 or CBFB-MYH11 after induction chemotherapy are useful tools to predict the outcome and should be considered for risk-adapted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Montserrat Hoyos
- Spanish CETLAM Group Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Spanish Cancer Network (RTICC), Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Kandilci A, Surtel J, Janke L, Neale G, Terranova S, Grosveld GC. Mapping of MN1 sequences necessary for myeloid transformation. PLoS One 2013; 8:e61706. [PMID: 23626719 PMCID: PMC3634013 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0061706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2013] [Accepted: 03/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The MN1 oncogene is deregulated in human acute myeloid leukemia and its overexpression induces proliferation and represses myeloid differentiation of primitive human and mouse hematopoietic cells, leading to myeloid leukemia in mouse models. To delineate the sequences within MN1 necessary for MN1-induced leukemia, we tested the transforming capacity of in-frame deletion mutants, using retroviral transduction of mouse bone marrow. We found that integrity of the regions between amino acids 12 to 458 and 1119 to 1273 are required for MN1's in vivo transforming activity, generating myeloid leukemia with some mutants also producing T-cell lympho-leukemia and megakaryocytic leukemia. Although both full length MN1 and a mutant that lacks the residues between 12-228 (Δ12-228 mutant) repressed myeloid differentiation and increased myeloproliferative activity in vitro, the mutant lost its transforming activity in vivo. Both MN1 and Δ12-228 increased the frequency of common myeloid progentiors (CMP) in vitro and microarray comparisons of purified MN1-CMP and Δ12-228-CMP cells showed many differentially expressed genes including Hoxa9, Meis1, Myb, Runx2, Cebpa, Cebpb and Cebpd. This collection of immediate MN1-responsive candidate genes distinguishes the leukemic activity from the in vitro myeloproliferative capacity of this oncoprotein.
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Bone Marrow Cells/metabolism
- Bone Marrow Cells/pathology
- Cell Count
- Cell Differentiation
- Cell Proliferation
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/genetics
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/metabolism
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/pathology
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Genetic Vectors
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/mortality
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology
- Mice
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Myeloid Cells/metabolism
- Myeloid Cells/pathology
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Neoplasm Proteins/metabolism
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/metabolism
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/pathology
- Oncogene Proteins/genetics
- Oncogene Proteins/metabolism
- Retroviridae/genetics
- Sequence Deletion
- Survival Analysis
- Trans-Activators
- Transduction, Genetic
- Tumor Suppressor Proteins
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayten Kandilci
- Department of Genetics, St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Jacqueline Surtel
- Department of Genetics, St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Laura Janke
- Veterinary Pathology Core, St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Geoffrey Neale
- Hartwell Center for Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Sabrina Terranova
- Department of Genetics, St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Gerard C. Grosveld
- Department of Genetics, St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Xiang L, Li M, Liu Y, Cen J, Chen Z, Zhen X, Xie X, Cao X, Gu W. The clinical characteristics and prognostic significance of MN1 gene and MN1-associated microRNA expression in adult patients with de novo acute myeloid leukemia. Ann Hematol 2013; 92:1063-9. [PMID: 23515710 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-013-1729-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2012] [Accepted: 03/09/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the clinical characteristics and prognostic significance of the meningioma 1 (MN1) gene and MN1-associated microRNA expression in Chinese adult de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. The expression level of MN1, microRNA-20 (miR-20a), and microRNA-181b (miR-181b) in bone marrow mononuclear cells was measured in 158 newly diagnosed AML patients and 20 cases of normal healthy donors by real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. All AML patients significantly overexpressed MN1 at the level of 0.01983 (P < 0.001) compared with normal controls. High MN1 expression was associated with spleen involvement (P = 0.037), NPM1 wild type (P = 0.001), lower miR-20a expression levels (P = 0.015), and higher miR-181b expression levels (P = 0.035). MiR-20a (P = 0.029) and miR-181b (P = 0.017) overexpressed in the bone marrow cells of patients with certain subtypes of AML compared with healthy donors. High MN1 expressers had lower complete remission (CR) rates and shorter overall survival (OS) within the Southwest Oncology Group classification. In multivariable models, high MN1 expression was associated with worse CR rates (P = 0.01), relapse-free survival (RFS; P = 0.02), and OS (P = 0.02); high miR-20a expression was associated with higher CR rates (P = 0.008) and longer OS (P = 0.04), whereas high miR-181b expression was associated with lower CR rates (P = 0.03), and shorter RFS (P = 0.045) and OS (P = 0.017). High MN1 expression confers worse prognosis in Chinese adult patients with de novo AML. MN1 gene and MN1-associated microRNAs provide clinical prognosis of AML patients and may refine their molecular risk classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Xiang
- Department of Hematology, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Third Affiliated Hospital of Suzhou University, No.185 Juqian Street, Tianning District, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
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Aref S, Ibrahim L, Morkes H, Azmy E, Ebrahim M. Meningioma 1 (MN1) expression: refined risk stratification in acute myeloid leukemia with normal cytogenetics (CN-AML). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 18:277-83. [PMID: 23394438 DOI: 10.1179/1607845412y.0000000065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Prognostic stratification of cytogenetic normal acute myeloid leukemia (CN-AML) is an area of active research. The aim of this study was to determine the prognostic importance of the meningioma 1 (MN1) gene expression levels in CN-AML. One hundred patients with CN-AML were diagnosed; MN1 expressions were analyzed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. High expressions were detected in 48 (48%) patients (expression range: 2.35-31.99, mean: 13.9 ± 8.49) in comparison with 52 (52%) patients with low expression (expression range: 0.02-2.3, mean: 0.68 ± 0.77). The course of the disease in patients with high MN1 expression was unfavorable. Patients with high MN1 expression was associated with significant low complete remission rate (62.5 vs. 8.4%, high vs. low MN1, P = 0.001) and high mortality rate (75% vs. 46.1, P = 0.03). AML patients with high MN1 expression tended to be refractory (37.5 vs. 19.2%, P = 0.00) and relapse risk (54.1 vs. 23%, P = 0.02). Multivariable analysis confirmed high MN1 expression as an independent risk factor for disease-free survival and overall survival. In conclusion, MN1 overexpression independently predicts bad clinical outcome in CN-AML patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salah Aref
- Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura, Egypt
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Paschka P, Döhner K. Core-binding factor acute myeloid leukemia: can we improve on HiDAC consolidation? HEMATOLOGY. AMERICAN SOCIETY OF HEMATOLOGY. EDUCATION PROGRAM 2013; 2013:209-219. [PMID: 24319183 DOI: 10.1182/asheducation-2013.1.209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with t(8;21) or inv(16) is commonly referred to as core-binding factor AML (CBF-AML). The incorporation of high-dose cytarabine for postremission therapy has substantially improved the outcome of CBF-AML patients, especially when administered in the setting of repetitive cycles. For many years, high-dose cytarabine was the standard treatment in CBF-AML resulting in favorable long-term outcome in approximately half of the patients. Therefore, CBF-AML patients are generally considered to be a favorable AML group. However, a substantial proportion of patients cannot be cured by the current treatment. Additional genetic alterations discovered in CBF-AML help in our understanding of the process of leukemogenesis and some of them may refine the risk assessment in CBF-AML and, importantly, also serve as targets for novel therapeutic approaches. We discuss the clinical and genetic heterogeneity of CBF-AML, with a particular focus on the role of KIT mutations as a prognosticator, and also discuss recent efforts to target the KIT kinase in the context of existing therapeutic regimens.
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MESH Headings
- Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic/therapeutic use
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/genetics
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/metabolism
- Chromosome Inversion
- Chromosomes, Human
- Cytarabine/therapeutic use
- Drug Delivery Systems/methods
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/therapy
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit/metabolism
- Translocation, Genetic
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Paschka
- 1Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
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ter Haar WM, Meester-Smoor MA, van Wely KHM, Schot CCMM, Janssen MJFW, Geverts B, Bonten J, Grosveld GC, Houtsmuller AB, Zwarthoff EC. The leukemia-associated fusion protein MN1-TEL blocks TEL-specific recognition sequences. PLoS One 2012; 7:e46085. [PMID: 23049943 PMCID: PMC3458806 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0046085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2011] [Accepted: 08/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The leukemia-associated fusion protein MN1-TEL combines the transcription-activating domains of MN1 with the DNA-binding domain of the transcriptional repressor TEL. Quantitative photobleaching experiments revealed that ∼20% of GFP-tagged MN1 and TEL is transiently immobilised, likely due to indirect or direct DNA binding, since transcription inhibition abolished immobilisation. Interestingly, ∼50% of the MN1-TEL fusion protein was immobile with much longer binding times than unfused MN1 and TEL. MN1-TEL immobilisation was not observed when the TEL DNA-binding domain was disrupted, suggesting that MN1-TEL stably occupies TEL recognition sequences, preventing binding of factors required for proper transcription regulation, which may contribute to leukemogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Bart Geverts
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jacqueline Bonten
- Department of Genetics and Tumor Cell Biology, St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Gerard C. Grosveld
- Department of Genetics and Tumor Cell Biology, St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
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Pardee TS. Overexpression of MN1 confers resistance to chemotherapy, accelerates leukemia onset, and suppresses p53 and Bim induction. PLoS One 2012; 7:e43185. [PMID: 22905229 PMCID: PMC3419213 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0043185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2012] [Accepted: 07/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The transcriptional co-activator MN1 confers a worse prognosis for patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) when highly expressed; however, the mechanisms involved are unknown. We sought to model the effects of high MN1 expression in AML models to explore the underlying mechanisms. Methodology/Principal Findings We used cell lines and a genetically defined mouse model of AML to examine the effects of MN1 overexpression on prognosis and response to cytarabine and doxorubicin in vitro and in vivo. Murine AML that was engineered to overexpress MN1 became more aggressive in vivo, leading to shortened survival in both treated and control groups. In vitro murine AML cells that overexpressed MN1 became resistant to treatment with cytarabine and highly resistant to doxorubicin. This resistant phenotype was also seen in vivo, where treatment with the combination of cytarabine and doxorubicin selected for cells expressing MN1. When therapy-induced DNA damage levels were assessed by γH2AX foci, no reduction was seen in MN1 expressing cells arguing against a drug efflux mechanism. Despite no reduction in DNA damage, MN1-expressing cells showed less apoptosis as assessed by annexin V and propidium iodide staining. Following treatment, p53 and BIM induction were markedly reduced in cells expressing MN1. Pharmacologic inhibition of the p53 E3 ligase MDM2 resulted in increased p53 levels and improved response to doxorubicin in vitro. Conclusions/Significance MN1 overexpression accelerates an already aggressive leukemia, confers resistance to chemotherapy, and suppresses p53 and BIM induction, resulting in decreased apoptosis. This provides a mechanistic explanation of the poor prognosis observed with high MN1 expression and suggests that therapies directed at increasing p53 function may be useful for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy S Pardee
- Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Hematology and Oncology, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America.
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45
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Bergerson RJ, Collier LS, Sarver AL, Been RA, Lugthart S, Diers MD, Zuber J, Rappaport AR, Nixon MJ, Silverstein KAT, Fan D, Lamblin AFJ, Wolff L, Kersey JH, Delwel R, Lowe SW, O'Sullivan MG, Kogan SC, Adams DJ, Largaespada DA. An insertional mutagenesis screen identifies genes that cooperate with Mll-AF9 in a murine leukemogenesis model. Blood 2012; 119:4512-23. [PMID: 22427200 PMCID: PMC3362364 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2010-04-281428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2010] [Accepted: 03/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with a t(9;11) translocation (MLL-AF9) develop acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and while in mice the expression of this fusion oncogene also results in the development of myeloid leukemia, it is with long latency. To identify mutations that cooperate with Mll-AF9, we infected neonatal wild-type (WT) or Mll-AF9 mice with a murine leukemia virus (MuLV). MuLV-infected Mll-AF9 mice succumbed to disease significantly faster than controls presenting predominantly with myeloid leukemia while infected WT animals developed predominantly lymphoid leukemia. We identified 88 candidate cancer genes near common sites of proviral insertion. Analysis of transcript levels revealed significantly elevated expression of Mn1, and a trend toward increased expression of Bcl11a and Fosb in Mll-AF9 murine leukemia samples with proviral insertions proximal to these genes. Accordingly, FOSB and BCL11A were also overexpressed in human AML harboring MLL gene translocations. FOSB was revealed to be essential for growth in mouse and human myeloid leukemia cells using shRNA lentiviral vectors in vitro. Importantly, MN1 cooperated with Mll-AF9 in leukemogenesis in an in vivo BM viral transduction and transplantation assay. Together, our data identified genes that define transcription factor networks and important genetic pathways acting during progression of leukemia induced by MLL fusion oncogenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel J Bergerson
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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Presence of FLT3-ITD and high BAALC expression are independent prognostic markers in childhood acute myeloid leukemia. Blood 2011; 118:5905-13. [PMID: 21967978 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2011-05-353185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutation status of FLT3, NPM1, CEBPA, and WT1 genes and gene expression levels of ERG, MN1, BAALC, FLT3, and WT1 have been identified as possible prognostic markers in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We have performed a thorough prognostic evaluation of these genetic markers in patients with pediatric AML enrolled in the Nordic Society of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology (NOPHO) 1993 or NOPHO 2004 protocols. Mutation status and expression levels were analyzed in 185 and 149 patients, respectively. Presence of FLT3-internal tandem duplication (ITD) was associated with significantly inferior event-free survival (EFS), whereas presence of an NPM1 mutation in the absence of FLT3-ITD correlated with significantly improved EFS. Furthermore, high levels of ERG and BAALC transcripts were associated with inferior EFS. No significant correlation with survival was seen for mutations in CEBPA and WT1 or with gene expression levels of MN1, FLT3, and WT1. In multivariate analysis, the presence of FLT3-ITD and high BAALC expression were identified as independent prognostic markers of inferior EFS. We conclude that analysis of the mutational status of FLT3 and NPM1 at diagnosis is important for prognostic stratification of patients with pediatric AML and that determination of the BAALC gene expression level can add valuable information.
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48
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Heuser M, Yun H, Berg T, Yung E, Argiropoulos B, Kuchenbauer F, Park G, Hamwi I, Palmqvist L, Lai CK, Leung M, Lin G, Chaturvedi A, Thakur BK, Iwasaki M, Bilenky M, Thiessen N, Robertson G, Hirst M, Kent D, Wilson NK, Göttgens B, Eaves C, Cleary ML, Marra M, Ganser A, Humphries RK. Cell of origin in AML: susceptibility to MN1-induced transformation is regulated by the MEIS1/AbdB-like HOX protein complex. Cancer Cell 2011; 20:39-52. [PMID: 21741595 PMCID: PMC3951989 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2011.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2010] [Revised: 04/03/2011] [Accepted: 06/06/2011] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Pathways defining susceptibility of normal cells to oncogenic transformation may be valuable therapeutic targets. We characterized the cell of origin and its critical pathways in MN1-induced leukemias. Common myeloid (CMP) but not granulocyte-macrophage progenitors (GMP) could be transformed by MN1. Complementation studies of CMP-signature genes in GMPs demonstrated that MN1-leukemogenicity required the MEIS1/AbdB-like HOX-protein complex. ChIP-sequencing identified common target genes of MN1 and MEIS1 and demonstrated identical binding sites for a large proportion of their chromatin targets. Transcriptional repression of MEIS1 targets in established MN1 leukemias demonstrated antileukemic activity. As MN1 relies on but cannot activate expression of MEIS1/AbdB-like HOX proteins, transcriptional activity of these genes determines cellular susceptibility to MN1-induced transformation and may represent a promising therapeutic target.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/metabolism
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/pathology
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic
- Genes, Dominant/genetics
- Granulocyte-Macrophage Progenitor Cells/metabolism
- Granulocyte-Macrophage Progenitor Cells/pathology
- Homeodomain Proteins/metabolism
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Models, Biological
- Multiprotein Complexes/metabolism
- Myeloid Ecotropic Viral Integration Site 1 Protein
- Neoplasm Proteins/metabolism
- Promoter Regions, Genetic/genetics
- Protein Binding
- Tumor Suppressor Proteins/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Heuser
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1L3, Canada
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Haiyang Yun
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Tobias Berg
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Eric Yung
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Bob Argiropoulos
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Florian Kuchenbauer
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Medical Center, 89075 Ulm, Germany
| | - Gyeongsin Park
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Iyas Hamwi
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Lars Palmqvist
- Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 413 45 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Courteney K. Lai
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Malina Leung
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Grace Lin
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Anuhar Chaturvedi
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Basant Kumar Thakur
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Masayuki Iwasaki
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Mikhail Bilenky
- Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Nina Thiessen
- Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Gordon Robertson
- Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Martin Hirst
- Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - David Kent
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Nicola K. Wilson
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Bertie Göttgens
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Connie Eaves
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Michael L. Cleary
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Marco Marra
- Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Arnold Ganser
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - R. Keith Humphries
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1L3, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1M9, Canada
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49
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Goyama S, Mulloy JC. Molecular pathogenesis of core binding factor leukemia: current knowledge and future prospects. Int J Hematol 2011; 94:126-133. [PMID: 21537931 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-011-0858-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2011] [Revised: 03/24/2011] [Accepted: 04/06/2011] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Core binding factor (CBF) acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most common cytogenetic subtype of AML, defined by the presence of t(8;21) or inv(16)/t(16;16). The chromosomal aberrations create AML1-ETO and CBFβ-MYH11 fusion genes that disrupt the functions of CBF, an essential transcription factor in hematopoiesis. Despite the relatively good outcome of patients with CBF-AML, only approximately half of the patients are cured with current therapy, indicating the need for improved therapeutic strategies. In this review, we summarize current knowledge regarding altered transcriptional regulation, aberrant signaling pathways, and cooperating genetic events in CBF leukemia, and discuss challenges ahead for translating these findings into the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susumu Goyama
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - James C Mulloy
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
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50
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Peters AHFM, Schwaller J. Epigenetic mechanisms in acute myeloid leukemia. PROGRESS IN DRUG RESEARCH. FORTSCHRITTE DER ARZNEIMITTELFORSCHUNG. PROGRES DES RECHERCHES PHARMACEUTIQUES 2011; 67:197-219. [PMID: 21141731 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7643-8989-5_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Acute leukemia is characterized by clonal expansion of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells with blocked differentiation. Clinical and experimental evidences suggest that acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the product of several functionally cooperating genetic alterations including chromosomal translocations leading to expression of leukemogenic fusion proteins. Several AML-associated lesions target chromatin regulators like histone methyltransferases or histone acetyltransferases, including mixed-lineage leukemia 1 (MLL1) or CREB bindung protein/p300. Molecular and biochemical studies start to provide useful insights into the mechanisms of targeting and mode-of-action of such leukemogenic fusion proteins resulting in aberrant gene expression programs and AML. Chromatin modulating mechanisms are also mediating the transforming activity of key drivers of leukemogenesis by aberrant recruitment of corepressors. Recent large-scale screening efforts demonstrated that both aberrant DNA promoter methylation and aberrantly expressed microRNAs play an important role in the pathogenesis of AML as well. Current efforts to therapeutically exploit the potential reversibility of epigenetic mechanisms are focused on small molecules that inhibit DNA methyltransferases or histone deacetylases. Several phase I/II clinical trials using such compounds have reported promising, but mostly transient, clinical responses. This underscores the need to further dissect the molecular players of epigenetic mechanisms driving induction, maintenance, and potential reversibility of leukemic state to develop efficient and long-lasting targeted therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine H F M Peters
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland.
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