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Manabe S, Iwamoto S, Nagatoishi S, Hoshinoo A, Mitani A, Sumiyoshi W, Kinoshita T, Yamaguchi Y, Tsumoto K. Systematic Preparation of a 66-IgG Library with Symmetric and Asymmetric Homogeneous Glycans and Their Functional Evaluation. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:23426-23436. [PMID: 39106493 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c06558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/09/2024]
Abstract
Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies possess a conserved N-glycosylation site in the Fc domain. In FcγRIIIa affinity column chromatography, unglycosylated, hemiglycosylated, and fully glycosylated IgG retention times differ considerably. Using retention-time differences, 66 different trastuzumab antibodies with symmetric and asymmetric homogeneous glycans were prepared systematically, substantially expanding the scope of IgGs with homogeneous glycans. Using the prepared trastuzumab with homogeneous glycans, thermal stability and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity were investigated. In some glycan series, a directly proportional relationship was observed between the thermal unfolding temperature (Tm) and the calorimetric unfolding heat (ΔHcal). Antibody function could be deduced from the combination of a pair of glycans in an intact form. Controlling glycan structure through the combination of a pair of glycans permits the precise tuning of stability and effector functions of IgG. Overall, our technology can be used to investigate the effects of glycans on antibody functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shino Manabe
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Development, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Shogo Iwamoto
- Fushimi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Nakazu, Marugame, Kagawa 763-8605, Japan
| | - Satoru Nagatoishi
- Medical Device Development and Regulation Research Center, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Asako Hoshinoo
- Fushimi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Nakazu, Marugame, Kagawa 763-8605, Japan
| | - Ai Mitani
- Fushimi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Nakazu, Marugame, Kagawa 763-8605, Japan
| | - Wataru Sumiyoshi
- Fushimi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Nakazu, Marugame, Kagawa 763-8605, Japan
| | - Takashi Kinoshita
- Fushimi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Nakazu, Marugame, Kagawa 763-8605, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Yamaguchi
- Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Komatsushima, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8558, Japan
| | - Kouhei Tsumoto
- Medical Device Development and Regulation Research Center, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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2
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Weskamm LM, Tarnow P, Harms C, Huchon M, Raadsen MP, Friedrich M, Rübenacker L, Grüttner C, Garcia MG, Koch T, Becker S, Sutter G, Lhomme E, Haagmans BL, Fathi A, Blois SM, Dahlke C, Richert L, Addo MM. Dissecting humoral immune responses to an MVA-vectored MERS-CoV vaccine in humans using a systems serology approach. iScience 2024; 27:110470. [PMID: 39148710 PMCID: PMC11325358 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Besides neutralizing antibodies, which are considered an important measure for vaccine immunogenicity, Fc-mediated antibody functions can contribute to antibody-mediated protection. They are strongly influenced by structural antibody properties such as subclass and Fc glycan composition. We here applied a systems serology approach to dissect humoral immune responses induced by MVA-MERS-S, an MVA-vectored vaccine against the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). Building on preceding studies reporting the safety and immunogenicity of MVA-MERS-S, our study highlights the potential of a late boost, administered one year after prime, to enhance both neutralizing and Fc-mediated antibody functionality compared to the primary vaccination series. Distinct characteristics were observed for antibodies specific to the MERS-CoV spike protein S1 and S2 subunits, regarding subclass and glycan compositions as well as Fc functionality. These findings highlight the benefit of a late homologous booster vaccination with MVA-MERS-S and may be of interest for the design of future coronavirus vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonie M Weskamm
- Institute for Infection Research and Vaccine Development (IIRVD), Center for Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department for Clinical Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Paulina Tarnow
- Institute for Infection Research and Vaccine Development (IIRVD), Center for Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department for Clinical Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Charlotte Harms
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Glyco-HAM, a Cooperation of Universität Hamburg, Technology Platform Mass Spectrometry and University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Melanie Huchon
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, INRIA, BPH, U1219, Sistm, Bordeaux, France
- Vaccine Research Institute, Creteil, France
| | - Matthijs P Raadsen
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Monika Friedrich
- Institute for Infection Research and Vaccine Development (IIRVD), Center for Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department for Clinical Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Laura Rübenacker
- Institute for Infection Research and Vaccine Development (IIRVD), Center for Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department for Clinical Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Cordula Grüttner
- Institute for Infection Research and Vaccine Development (IIRVD), Center for Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department for Clinical Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mariana G Garcia
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Glyco-HAM, a Cooperation of Universität Hamburg, Technology Platform Mass Spectrometry and University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Till Koch
- Institute for Infection Research and Vaccine Development (IIRVD), Center for Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Hamburg, Germany
- Antibiotic Stewardship Team, Pharmacy of the University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stephan Becker
- Institute of Virology, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Gießen-Marburg-Langen, Marburg, Germany
| | - Gerd Sutter
- Division of Virology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site München, Munich, Germany
| | - Edouard Lhomme
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, INRIA, BPH, U1219, Sistm, Bordeaux, France
- Vaccine Research Institute, Creteil, France
- CHU de Bordeaux, Service d'Information Médicale, Bordeaux, France
| | - Bart L Haagmans
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anahita Fathi
- Institute for Infection Research and Vaccine Development (IIRVD), Center for Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department for Clinical Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Hamburg, Germany
- Division of Infectious Diseases, 1st Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sandra M Blois
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Glyco-HAM, a Cooperation of Universität Hamburg, Technology Platform Mass Spectrometry and University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christine Dahlke
- Institute for Infection Research and Vaccine Development (IIRVD), Center for Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department for Clinical Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Laura Richert
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, INRIA, BPH, U1219, Sistm, Bordeaux, France
- Vaccine Research Institute, Creteil, France
- CHU de Bordeaux, Service d'Information Médicale, Bordeaux, France
| | - Marylyn M Addo
- Institute for Infection Research and Vaccine Development (IIRVD), Center for Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department for Clinical Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Hamburg, Germany
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3
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Xu M, Liu T, Xu J, Guo Q, Ren Y, Zhu W, Zhuang H, Pan Z, Fu R, Zhao X, Wang F, Mao Y, Song L, Song Y, Ji L, Qian W, Hou S, Wang R, Li J, Zhang D, Guo H. Rapid Mass Spectrometry-Based Multiattribute Method for Glycation Analysis with Integrated Afucosylation Detection Capability. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2024; 35:1669-1679. [PMID: 38970800 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.4c00063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
The multiattribute method (MAM) has emerged as a powerful tool for simultaneously screening multiple product quality attributes of therapeutic antibodies. One such potential critical quality attribute (CQA) is glycation, a common modification that can impact the heterogeneity, functional activity, and immunogenicity of therapeutic antibodies. However, current methods for monitoring glycation levels in MAM are rare and not sufficiently rapid and accurate. In this study, an improved mass spectrometry (MS)-based MAM was developed to simultaneously monitor glycation and other quality attributes including afucosylation. The method was evaluated using two therapeutic antibodies with different glycosylation site numbers. Treatment with IdeS, Endo F2, and dithiothreitol generated three distinct subunits, and the glycation results obtained were similar to those treated with PNGase F, which is routinely used to release glycans; the sample processing time was greatly reduced while providing additional quality attribute information. The MS-based MAM was also employed to assess the glycation progression following forced glycation in various buffer solutions. A significant increase in oxidation was observed when forced glycation was conducted in an ammonium bicarbonate buffer solution, and a total of 23 potential glycation sites and 4 significantly oxidized sites were identified. Notably, we found that ammonium bicarbonate was found to specifically stimulate oxidation, while glycation had a synergistic effect on oxidation. These findings establish this study as a novel methodology for achieving a technologically advanced platform and concept that enhances the efficacy of product development and quality control, characterized by its broad-spectrum, rapid, and accurate nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjiao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Drugs and Large-Scale Manufacturing, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibodies, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Tao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Drugs and Large-Scale Manufacturing, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibodies, Shanghai 201203, China
- State Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Drugs and Large-Scale Manufacturing, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
- Department of Oncology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Jin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Drugs and Large-Scale Manufacturing, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibodies, Shanghai 201203, China
- State Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Drugs and Large-Scale Manufacturing, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Qingcheng Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Drugs and Large-Scale Manufacturing, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibodies, Shanghai 201203, China
- State Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Drugs and Large-Scale Manufacturing, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
- Taizhou Mabtech Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Taizhou 225316, China
| | - Yule Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Drugs and Large-Scale Manufacturing, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibodies, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Weifan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Drugs and Large-Scale Manufacturing, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibodies, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Huangzhen Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Drugs and Large-Scale Manufacturing, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibodies, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zhiyuan Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Drugs and Large-Scale Manufacturing, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibodies, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Rongrong Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Drugs and Large-Scale Manufacturing, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibodies, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Drugs and Large-Scale Manufacturing, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibodies, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Fugui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Drugs and Large-Scale Manufacturing, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibodies, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yanni Mao
- Waters Corporation, Shanghai 200126, China
| | | | | | - Lusha Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Drugs and Large-Scale Manufacturing, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibodies, Shanghai 201203, China
- State Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Drugs and Large-Scale Manufacturing, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Weizhu Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Drugs and Large-Scale Manufacturing, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibodies, Shanghai 201203, China
- State Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Drugs and Large-Scale Manufacturing, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Sheng Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Drugs and Large-Scale Manufacturing, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibodies, Shanghai 201203, China
- State Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Drugs and Large-Scale Manufacturing, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Rui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Drugs and Large-Scale Manufacturing, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
| | - Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Drugs and Large-Scale Manufacturing, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibodies, Shanghai 201203, China
- State Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Drugs and Large-Scale Manufacturing, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Dapeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Drugs and Large-Scale Manufacturing, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibodies, Shanghai 201203, China
- State Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Drugs and Large-Scale Manufacturing, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Huaizu Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Drugs and Large-Scale Manufacturing, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibodies, Shanghai 201203, China
- State Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Drugs and Large-Scale Manufacturing, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
- State Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Drugs and Large-Scale Manufacturing, Shanghai Zhangjiang Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201203, China
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Ho CH, Chang TT, Lin HC, Wang SF. Agalactosyl IgG induces liver fibrogenesis via Fc gamma receptor 3a on human hepatic stellate cells. J Pathol 2024; 263:508-519. [PMID: 38886892 DOI: 10.1002/path.6303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
The relevance of aberrant serum IgG N-glycosylation in liver fibrosis has been identified; however, its causal effect remains unclear. Because hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) contribute substantially to liver fibrosis, we investigated whether and through which mechanisms IgG N-glycosylation affects the fibrogenic properties of HSCs. Analysis of serum IgG1 N-glycome from 151 patients with chronic hepatitis B or liver cirrhosis revealed a positive correlation between Ishak fibrosis grading and IgG1 with agalactosyl N-glycoforms on the crystallizable fragment (Fc). Fc gamma receptor (FcγR) IIIa was observed in cultured human HSCs and HSCs in human liver tissues, and levels of FcγRIIIa in HSCs correlated with the severity of liver fibrosis. Additionally, agalactosyl IgG treatment caused HSCs to have a fibroblast-like morphology, enhanced migration and invasion capabilities, and enhanced expression of the FcγRIIIa downstream tyrosine-protein kinase SYK. Furthermore, agalactosyl IgG treatment increased fibrogenic factors in HSCs, including transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, total collagen, platelet-derived growth factor subunit B and its receptors, pro-collagen I-α1, α-smooth muscle actin, and matrix metalloproteinase 9. These effects were more pronounced in HSCs that stably expressed FCGR3A and were reduced in FCGR3A knockout cells. Agalactosyl IgG and TGF-β1 each increased FCGR3A in HSCs. Furthermore, serum TGF-β1 concentrations in patients were positively correlated with agalactosyl IgG1 levels and liver fibrosis severity, indicating a positive feedback loop involving agalactosyl IgG, HSC-FcγRIIIa, and TGF-β1. In conclusion, agalactosyl IgG promotes fibrogenic characteristics in HSCs through FcγRIIIa. © 2024 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Hsun Ho
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medical Science and Technology, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Tsung Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Chang Lin
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Fan Wang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Center for Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Yan Y, Xing T, Huang X, Peng W, Wang S, Li N. Affinity-Resolved Size Exclusion Chromatography Coupled to Mass Spectrometry: A Novel Tool to Study the Attribute-and-Function Relationship in Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibodies. Anal Chem 2024; 96:11716-11724. [PMID: 38986034 PMCID: PMC11270518 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c00660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Assessment of critical quality attributes (CQAs) is an important aspect during the development of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Attributes that affect either the target binding or Fc receptor engagement may have direct impacts on the drug safety and efficacy and thus are considered as CQAs. Native size exclusion chromatography (SEC)-based competitive binding assay has recently been reported and demonstrated significant benefits compared to conventional approaches for CQA identification, owing to its faster turn-around and higher multiplexity. Expanding on the similar concept, we report the development of a novel affinity-resolved size exclusion chromatography-mass spectrometry (AR-SEC-MS) method for rapid CQA evaluation in therapeutic mAbs. This method features wide applicability, fast turn-around, high multiplexity, and easy implementation. Using the well-studied Fc gamma receptor III-A (FcγRIIIa) and Fc interaction as a model system, the effectiveness of this method in studying the attribute-and-function relationship was demonstrated. Further, two case studies were detailed to showcase the application of this method in assessing CQAs related to antibody target binding, which included unusual N-linked glycosylation in a bispecific antibody and Met oxidation in a monospecific antibody, both occurring within the complementarity-determining regions (CDRs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuetian Yan
- Analytical Chemistry, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., 777 Old Saw Mill River Road, Tarrytown, New York 10591-6707, United States
| | - Tao Xing
- Analytical Chemistry, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., 777 Old Saw Mill River Road, Tarrytown, New York 10591-6707, United States
| | - Xiaoxiao Huang
- Analytical Chemistry, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., 777 Old Saw Mill River Road, Tarrytown, New York 10591-6707, United States
| | - Wenjing Peng
- Analytical Chemistry, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., 777 Old Saw Mill River Road, Tarrytown, New York 10591-6707, United States
| | - Shunhai Wang
- Analytical Chemistry, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., 777 Old Saw Mill River Road, Tarrytown, New York 10591-6707, United States
| | - Ning Li
- Analytical Chemistry, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., 777 Old Saw Mill River Road, Tarrytown, New York 10591-6707, United States
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Dixon KJ, Snyder KM, Khaw M, Hullsiek R, Davis ZB, Matson AW, Shirinbak S, Hancock B, Bjordahl R, Hosking M, Miller JS, Valamehr B, Wu J, Walcheck B. iPSC-derived NK cells expressing high-affinity IgG Fc receptor fusion CD64/16A to mediate flexible, multi-tumor antigen targeting for lymphoma. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1407567. [PMID: 39100677 PMCID: PMC11294090 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1407567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction NK cells can mediate tumor cell killing by natural cytotoxicity and by antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), an anti-tumor mechanism mediated through the IgG Fc receptor CD16A (FcγRIIIA). CD16A polymorphisms conferring increased affinity for IgG positively correlate with clinical outcomes during monoclonal antibody therapy for lymphoma, linking increased binding affinity with increased therapeutic potential via ADCC. We have previously reported on the FcγR fusion CD64/16A consisting of the extracellular region of CD64 (FcγRI), a high-affinity Fc receptor normally expressed by myeloid cells, and the transmembrane/cytoplasmic regions of CD16A, to create a highly potent and novel activating fusion receptor. Here, we evaluate the therapeutic potential of engineered induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived NK (iNK) cells expressing CD64/16A as an "off-the-shelf", antibody-armed cellular therapy product with multi-antigen targeting potential. Methods iNK cells were generated from iPSCs engineered to express CD64/16A and an interleukin (IL)-15/IL-15Rα fusion (IL-15RF) protein for cytokine independence. iNK cells and peripheral blood NK cells were expanded using irradiated K562-mbIL21-41BBL feeder cells to examine in in vitro and in vivo assays using the Raji lymphoma cell line. ADCC was evaluated in real-time by IncuCyte assays and using a xenograft mouse model with high circulating levels of human IgG. Results Our data show that CD64/16A expressing iNK cells can mediate potent anti-tumor activity against human B cell lymphoma. In particular, (i) under suboptimal conditions, including low antibody concentrations and low effector-to-target ratios, iNK-CD64/16A cells mediate ADCC, (ii) iNK-CD64/16A cells can be pre-loaded with tumor-targeting antibodies (arming) to elicit ADCC, (iii) armed iNK-CD64/16A cells can be repurposed with additional antibodies to target new tumor antigens, and (iv) cryopreserved, armed iNK-CD64/16A are capable of sustained ADCC in a tumor xenograft model under saturating levels of human IgG. Discussion iNK-CD64/16A cells allow for a flexible use of antibodies (antibody arming and antibody targeting), and an "off-the-shelf" platform for multi-antigen recognition to overcome limitations of adoptive cell therapies expressing fixed antigen receptors leading to cancer relapse due to antigen escape variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate J. Dixon
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States
| | - Kristin M. Snyder
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States
| | - Melissa Khaw
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Robert Hullsiek
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States
| | - Zachary B. Davis
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Anders W. Matson
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States
| | | | | | | | | | - Jeffrey S. Miller
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | | | - Jianming Wu
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Bruce Walcheck
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
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7
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Kao MR, Ma TH, Chou HY, Chang SC, Cheng LC, Liao KS, Shie JJ, Harris PJ, Wong CH, Hsieh YSY. A Robust α-l-Fucosidase from Prevotella nigrescens for Glycoengineering Therapeutic Antibodies. ACS Chem Biol 2024; 19:1515-1524. [PMID: 38912881 PMCID: PMC11267573 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.4c00196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Eliminating the core fucose from the N-glycans of the Fc antibody segment by pathway engineering or enzymatic methods has been shown to enhance the potency of therapeutic antibodies, especially in the context of antibody-dependent cytotoxicity (ADCC). However, there is a significant challenge due to the limited defucosylation efficiency of commercially available α-l-fucosidases. In this study, we report a unique α-l-fucosidase (PnfucA) from the bacterium Prevotella nigrescens that has a low sequence identity compared with all other known α-l-fucosidases and is highly reactive toward a core disaccharide substrate with fucose α(1,3)-, α (1,4)-and α(1,6)-linked to GlcNAc, and is less reactive toward the Fuc-α(1,2)-Gal on the terminal trisaccharide of the oligosaccharide Globo H (Bb3). The kinetic properties of the enzyme, such as its Km and kcat, were determined and the optimized expression of PnfucA gave a yield exceeding 30 mg/L. The recombinant enzyme retained its full activity even after being incubated for 6 h at 37 °C. Moreover, it retained 92 and 87% of its activity after freezing and freeze-drying treatments, respectively, for over 28 days. In a representative glycoengineering of adalimumab (Humira), PnfucA showed remarkable hydrolytic efficiency in cleaving the α(1,6)-linked core fucose from FucGlcNAc on the antibody with a quantitative yield. This enabled the seamless incorporation of biantennary sialylglycans by Endo-S2 D184 M in a one-pot fashion to yield adalimumab in a homogeneous afucosylated glycoform with an improved binding affinity toward Fcγ receptor IIIa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mu-Rong Kao
- School
of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei
Medical University, No. 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Genomics
Research Center, Academia Sinica, No. 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang District, Taipei 115201, Taiwan
- Division
of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences
in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Royal Institute of Technology
(KTH), AlbaNova University Centre, Stockholm SE-10691, Sweden
| | - Tzu-Hsuan Ma
- School
of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei
Medical University, No. 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Division
of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences
in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Royal Institute of Technology
(KTH), AlbaNova University Centre, Stockholm SE-10691, Sweden
| | - Hsiang-Yu Chou
- School
of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei
Medical University, No. 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Chieh Chang
- Division
of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences
in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Royal Institute of Technology
(KTH), AlbaNova University Centre, Stockholm SE-10691, Sweden
| | - Lin-Chen Cheng
- School
of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei
Medical University, No. 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Shiang Liao
- Genomics
Research Center, Academia Sinica, No. 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang District, Taipei 115201, Taiwan
| | - Jiun-Jie Shie
- Institute
of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, No. 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang District, Taipei 115201, Taiwan
| | - Philip J. Harris
- School
of Biological Sciences, The University of
Auckland, Auckland Mail Centre, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Chi-Huey Wong
- Genomics
Research Center, Academia Sinica, No. 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang District, Taipei 115201, Taiwan
- Department
of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Yves S. Y. Hsieh
- School
of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei
Medical University, No. 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Genomics
Research Center, Academia Sinica, No. 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang District, Taipei 115201, Taiwan
- Division
of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences
in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Royal Institute of Technology
(KTH), AlbaNova University Centre, Stockholm SE-10691, Sweden
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8
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Shin JH, Oh S, Jang MH, Lee SY, Min C, Eu YJ, Begum H, Kim JC, Lee GR, Oh HB, Paul MJ, Ma JKC, Gwak HS, Youn H, Kim SR. Enhanced efficacy of glycoengineered rice cell-produced trastuzumab. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2024. [PMID: 39016470 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
For several decades, a plant-based expression system has been proposed as an alternative platform for the production of biopharmaceuticals including therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), but the immunogenicity concerns associated with plant-specific N-glycans attached in plant-based biopharmaceuticals has not been completely solved. To eliminate all plant-specific N-glycan structure, eight genes involved in plant-specific N-glycosylation were mutated in rice (Oryza sativa) using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. The glycoengineered cell lines, PhytoRice®, contained a predominant GnGn (G0) glycoform. The gene for codon-optimized trastuzumab (TMab) was then introduced into PhytoRice® through Agrobacterium co-cultivation. Selected cell lines were suspension cultured, and TMab secreted from cells was purified from the cultured media. The amino acid sequence of the TMab produced by PhytoRice® (P-TMab) was identical to that of TMab. The inhibitory effect of P-TMab on the proliferation of the BT-474 cancer cell line was significantly enhanced at concentrations above 1 μg/mL (****P < 0.0001). P-TMab bound to a FcγRIIIa variant, FcγRIIIa-F158, more than 2.7 times more effectively than TMab. The ADCC efficacy of P-TMab against Jurkat cells was 2.6 times higher than that of TMab in an in vitro ADCC assay. Furthermore, P-TMab demonstrated efficient tumour uptake with less liver uptake compared to TMab in a xenograft assay using the BT-474 mouse model. These results suggest that the glycoengineered PhytoRice® could be an alternative platform for mAb production compared to current CHO cells, and P-TMab has a novel and enhanced efficacy compared to TMab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Hye Shin
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul, South Korea
- PhytoMab Co. Ltd., Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sera Oh
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Cancer Imaging Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Seok-Yong Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Cancer Imaging Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chanhong Min
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Hilal Begum
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jong-Chan Kim
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Gap Ryol Lee
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Han-Bin Oh
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Matthew J Paul
- Hotung Molecular Immunology Unit, Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George's University of London, London, UK
| | - Julian K-C Ma
- Hotung Molecular Immunology Unit, Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George's University of London, London, UK
| | - Ho-Shin Gwak
- National Cancer Center Korea, Goyang-si, Kyunggi-do, South Korea
| | - Hyewon Youn
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Cancer Imaging Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seong-Ryong Kim
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul, South Korea
- PhytoMab Co. Ltd., Seoul, South Korea
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9
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Sherman JD, Karmali V, Kumar B, Simon TW, Bechnak S, Panjwani A, Ciric CR, Wang D, Huerta C, Johnson B, Anderson EJ, Rouphael N, Collins MH, Rostad CA, Azadi P, Scherer EM. Altered spike IgG Fc N-linked glycans are associated with hyperinflammatory state in adult COVID and Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.07.14.24310381. [PMID: 39040211 PMCID: PMC11261911 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.14.24310381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Background Severe COVID and multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) are characterized by excessive inflammatory cytokines/chemokines. In adults, disease severity is associated with SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG Fc afucosylation, which induces pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion from innate immune cells. This study aimed to define spike IgG Fc glycosylation following SARS-CoV-2 infection in adults and children and following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in adults and the relationships between glycan modifications and cytokine/chemokine levels. Methods We analyzed longitudinal (n=146) and cross-sectional (n=49) serum/plasma samples from adult and pediatric COVID patients, MIS-C patients, adult vaccinees, and adult and pediatric healthy controls. We developed methods for characterizing bulk and spike IgG Fc glycosylation by capillary electrophoresis (CE) and measured levels of ten inflammatory cytokines/chemokines by multiplexed ELISA. Results Spike IgG were more afucosylated than bulk IgG during acute adult COVID and MIS-C. We observed an opposite trend following vaccination, but it was not significant. Spike IgG were more galactosylated and sialylated and less bisected than bulk IgG during adult COVID, with similar trends observed during pediatric COVID/MIS-C and following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Spike IgG glycosylation changed with time following adult COVID or vaccination. Afucosylated spike IgG exhibited inverse and positive correlations with inflammatory markers in MIS-C and following vaccination, respectively; galactosylated and sialylated spike IgG inversely correlated with pro-inflammatory cytokines in adult COVID and MIS-C; and bisected spike IgG positively correlated with inflammatory cytokines/chemokines in multiple groups. Conclusions We identified previously undescribed relationships between spike IgG glycan modifications and inflammatory cytokines/chemokines that expand our understanding of IgG glycosylation changes that may impact COVID and MIS-C immunopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob D. Sherman
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Vinit Karmali
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Bhoj Kumar
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Trevor W. Simon
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Sarah Bechnak
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Anusha Panjwani
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Caroline R. Ciric
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Dongli Wang
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Chris Huerta
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Brandi Johnson
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Evan J. Anderson
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Nadine Rouphael
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Matthew H. Collins
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Christina A. Rostad
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Parastoo Azadi
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Erin M. Scherer
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
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10
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Sun Y, Xu X, Wu T, Fukuda T, Isaji T, Morii S, Nakano M, Gu J. Core fucosylation within the Fc-FcγR degradation pathway promotes enhanced IgG levels via exogenous L-fucose. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107558. [PMID: 39002669 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024] Open
Abstract
α1,6-Fucosyltransferase (Fut8) is the enzyme responsible for catalyzing core fucosylation. Exogenous L-fucose upregulates fucosylation levels through the GDP-fucose salvage pathway. This study investigated the relationship between core fucosylation and immunoglobulin G (IgG) amounts in serum utilizing WT (Fut8+/+), Fut8 heterozygous knockout (Fut8+/-), and Fut8 knockout (Fut8-/-) mice. The IgG levels in serum were lower in Fut8+/- and Fut8-/- mice compared with Fut8+/+ mice. Exogenous L-fucose increased IgG levels in Fut8+/- mice, while the ratios of core fucosylated IgG versus total IgG showed no significant difference among Fut8+/+, Fut8+/-, and Fut8+/- mice treated with L-fucose. These ratios were determined by Western blot, lectin blot, and mass spectrometry analysis. Real-time PCR results demonstrated that mRNA levels of IgG Fc and neonatal Fc receptor, responsible for protecting IgG turnover, were similar among Fut8+/+, Fut8+/-, and Fut8+/- mice treated with L-fucose. In contrast, the expression levels of Fc-gamma receptor Ⅳ (FcγRⅣ), mainly expressed on macrophages and neutrophils, were increased in Fut8+/- mice compared to Fut8+/+ mice. The effect was reversed by administrating L-fucose, suggesting that core fucosylation primarily regulates the IgG levels through the Fc-FcγRⅣ degradation pathway. Consistently, IgG internalization and transcytosis were suppressed in FcγRⅣ-knockout cells while enhanced in Fut8-knockout cells. Furthermore, we assessed the expression levels of specific antibodies against ovalbumin and found they were downregulated in Fut8+/- mice, with potential recovery observed with L-fucose administration. These findings confirm that core fucosylation plays a vital role in regulating IgG levels in serum, which may provide insights into a novel mechanism in adaptive immune regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Sun
- Division of Regulatory Glycobiology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Xing Xu
- Division of Regulatory Glycobiology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Tiangui Wu
- Division of Regulatory Glycobiology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Fukuda
- Division of Regulatory Glycobiology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Tomoya Isaji
- Division of Regulatory Glycobiology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Sayaka Morii
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Miyako Nakano
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Jianguo Gu
- Division of Regulatory Glycobiology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
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11
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Beyze A, Larroque C, Le Quintrec M. The role of antibody glycosylation in autoimmune and alloimmune kidney diseases. Nat Rev Nephrol 2024:10.1038/s41581-024-00850-0. [PMID: 38961307 DOI: 10.1038/s41581-024-00850-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Immunoglobulin glycosylation is a pivotal mechanism that drives the diversification of antibody functions. The composition of the IgG glycome is influenced by environmental factors, genetic traits and inflammatory contexts. Differential IgG glycosylation has been shown to intricately modulate IgG effector functions and has a role in the initiation and progression of various diseases. Analysis of IgG glycosylation is therefore a promising tool for predicting disease severity. Several autoimmune and alloimmune disorders, including critical and potentially life-threatening conditions such as systemic lupus erythematosus, anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis and antibody-mediated kidney graft rejection, are driven by immunoglobulin. In certain IgG-driven kidney diseases, including primary membranous nephropathy, IgA nephropathy and lupus nephritis, particular glycome characteristics can enhance in situ complement activation and the recruitment of innate immune cells, resulting in more severe kidney damage. Hypofucosylation, hypogalactosylation and hyposialylation are the most common IgG glycosylation traits identified in these diseases. Modulating IgG glycosylation could therefore be a promising therapeutic strategy for regulating the immune mechanisms that underlie IgG-driven kidney diseases and potentially reduce the burden of immunosuppressive drugs in affected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anaïs Beyze
- Institute of Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, IRMB U1183, Montpellier, France.
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France.
- University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
| | - Christian Larroque
- Institute of Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, IRMB U1183, Montpellier, France
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France
- University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Moglie Le Quintrec
- Institute of Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, IRMB U1183, Montpellier, France.
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France.
- University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
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12
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Gilormini PA, Thota VN, Fers-Lidou A, Ashmus RA, Nodwell M, Brockerman J, Kuo CW, Wang Y, Gray TE, Nitin, McDonagh AW, Guu SY, Ertunc N, Yeo D, Zandberg WF, Khoo KH, Britton R, Vocadlo DJ. A metabolic inhibitor blocks cellular fucosylation and enables production of afucosylated antibodies. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2314026121. [PMID: 38917011 PMCID: PMC11228515 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2314026121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The fucosylation of glycoproteins regulates diverse physiological processes. Inhibitors that can control cellular levels of protein fucosylation have consequently emerged as being of high interest. One area where inhibitors of fucosylation have gained significant attention is in the production of afucosylated antibodies, which exhibit superior antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity as compared to their fucosylated counterparts. Here, we describe β-carbafucose, a fucose derivative in which the endocyclic ring oxygen is replaced by a methylene group, and show that it acts as a potent metabolic inhibitor within cells to antagonize protein fucosylation. β-carbafucose is assimilated by the fucose salvage pathway to form GDP-carbafucose which, due to its being unable to form the oxocarbenium ion-like transition states used by fucosyltransferases, is an incompetent substrate for these enzymes. β-carbafucose treatment of a CHO cell line used for high-level production of the therapeutic antibody Herceptin leads to dose-dependent reductions in core fucosylation without affecting cell growth or antibody production. Mass spectrometry analyses of the intact antibody and N-glycans show that β-carbafucose is not incorporated into the antibody N-glycans at detectable levels. We expect that β-carbafucose will serve as a useful research tool for the community and may find immediate application for the rapid production of afucosylated antibodies for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anthony Fers-Lidou
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Roger A Ashmus
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Matthew Nodwell
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Jacob Brockerman
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Chu-Wei Kuo
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Taylor E Gray
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Nitin
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Anthony W McDonagh
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Shih-Yun Guu
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Nursah Ertunc
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| | | | - Wesley F Zandberg
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Kay-Hooi Khoo
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Robert Britton
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - David J Vocadlo
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
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13
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Miles JR, Lu P, Bai S, Aguillón-Durán GP, Rodríguez-Herrera JE, Gunn BM, Restrepo BI, Lu LL. Antigen specificity shapes antibody functions in tuberculosis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.03.597169. [PMID: 38895452 PMCID: PMC11185737 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.03.597169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is the number one infectious disease cause of death worldwide due to an incomplete understanding of immunity. Emerging data highlight antibody functions mediated by the Fc domain as immune correlates. However, the mechanisms by which antibody functions impact the causative agent Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) are unclear. Here, we examine how antigen specificity determined by the Fab domain shapes Fc effector functions against Mtb. Using the critical structural and secreted virulence proteins Mtb cell wall and ESAT-6 & CFP-10, we observe that antigen specificity alters subclass, antibody post-translational glycosylation, and Fc effector functions in TB patients. Moreover, Mtb cell wall IgG3 enhances disease through opsonophagocytosis of extracellular Mtb . In contrast, polyclonal and a human monoclonal IgG1 we generated targeting ESAT-6 & CFP-10 inhibit intracellular Mtb . These data show that antibodies have multiple roles in TB and antigen specificity is a critical determinant of the protective and pathogenic capacity.
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14
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Fenis A, Demaria O, Gauthier L, Vivier E, Narni-Mancinelli E. New immune cell engagers for cancer immunotherapy. Nat Rev Immunol 2024; 24:471-486. [PMID: 38273127 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-023-00982-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
There have been major advances in the immunotherapy of cancer in recent years, including the development of T cell engagers - antibodies engineered to redirect T cells to recognize and kill cancer cells - for the treatment of haematological malignancies. However, the field still faces several challenges to develop agents that are consistently effective in a majority of patients and cancer types, such as optimizing drug dose, overcoming treatment resistance and improving efficacy in solid tumours. A new generation of T cell-targeted molecules was developed to tackle these issues that are potentially more effective and safer. In addition, agents designed to engage the antitumour activities of other immune cells, including natural killer cells and myeloid cells, are showing promise and have the potential to treat a broader range of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurore Fenis
- Innate Pharma Research Laboratories, Innate Pharma, Marseille, France
- Aix Marseille Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Olivier Demaria
- Innate Pharma Research Laboratories, Innate Pharma, Marseille, France
| | - Laurent Gauthier
- Innate Pharma Research Laboratories, Innate Pharma, Marseille, France
| | - Eric Vivier
- Innate Pharma Research Laboratories, Innate Pharma, Marseille, France
- Aix Marseille Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Marseille, France
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Hôpital de la Timone, Marseille Immunopôle, Marseille, France
| | - Emilie Narni-Mancinelli
- Aix Marseille Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Marseille, France.
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15
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Kremer PG, Lampros EA, Blocker AM, Barb AW. One N-glycan regulates natural killer cell antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity and modulates Fc γ receptor IIIa / CD16a structure. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.17.599285. [PMID: 38948809 PMCID: PMC11212880 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.17.599285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Both endogenous antibodies and a subset of antibody therapeutics engage Fc gamma receptor (FcγR)IIIa / CD16a to stimulate a protective immune response. Increasing the FcγRIIIa/IgG1 interaction improves the immune response and thus represents a strategy to improve therapeutic efficacy. FcγRIIIa is a heavily glycosylated receptor and glycan composition affects antibody-binding affinity. Though our laboratory previously demonstrated that natural killer (NK) cell N-glycan composition affected the potency of one key protective mechanism, antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), it was unclear if this effect was due to FcγRIIIa glycosylation. Furthermore, the structural mechanism linking glycan composition to affinity and cellular activation remained undescribed. To define the role of individual amino acid and N-glycan residues we measured affinity using multiple FcγRIIIa glycoforms. We observed stepwise affinity increases with each glycan truncation step with the most severely truncated glycoform displaying the highest affinity. Removing the N162 glycan demonstrated its predominant role in regulating antibody-binding affinity, in contrast to four other FcγRIIIa N-glycans. We next evaluated the impact of the N162 glycan on NK cell ADCC. NK cells expressing the FcγRIIIa V158 allotype exhibited increased ADCC following kifunensine treatment to limit N-glycan processing. Notably, an increase was not observed with cells expressing the FcγRIIIa V158 S164A variant that lacks N162 glycosylation, indicating the N162 glycan is required for increased NK cell ADCC. To gain structural insight into the mechanisms of N162 regulation, we applied a novel protein isotope labeling approach in combination with solution NMR spectroscopy. FG loop residues proximal to the N162 glycosylation site showed large chemical shift perturbations following glycan truncation. These data support a model for the regulation of FcγRIIIa affinity and NK cell ADCC whereby composition of the N162 glycan stabilizes the FG loop and thus the antibody-binding site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul G. Kremer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
| | - Elizabeth A. Lampros
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
| | - Allison M. Blocker
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
| | - Adam W. Barb
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
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16
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Gehring AJ, Salimzadeh L. Current and future use of antibody-based passive immunity to prevent or control HBV/HDV infections. Antiviral Res 2024; 226:105893. [PMID: 38679166 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2024.105893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
With the increasing momentum and success of monoclonal antibody therapy in conventional medical practices, there is a revived emphasis on the development of monoclonal antibodies targeting the hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs) for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis D (HDV). Combination therapies of anti-HBs monoclonal antibodies, and novel anti-HBV compounds and immunomodulatory drugs presenting a promising avenue to enhanced therapeutic outcomes in HBV/HDV cure regimens. In this review, we will cover the role of antibodies in the protection and clearance of HBV infection, the association of anti-HBV surface antigen antibodies (anti-HBs) in protection against HBV and how antibody effector functions, beyond neutralization, are likely necessary. Lastly, we will review clinical data from previous and ongoing clinical trials of passive antibody therapy to provide a state-of-the-are perspective on passive antibody therapies in combinations with additional novel agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam J Gehring
- Schwartz-Reisman Liver Research Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Loghman Salimzadeh
- Schwartz-Reisman Liver Research Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
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17
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Lauc G. Can we suppress chronic systemic inflammation and postpone age-related diseases by targeting the IgG glycome? Expert Opin Ther Targets 2024; 28:491-499. [PMID: 37897176 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2023.2277218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Glycans attached to immunoglobulin G are an important regulator of chronic systemic inflammation, one of the key drivers of aging. As people age, glycans that suppress inflammation are being replaced with inflammation-promoting glycans, but the rate of this conversion is highly individual and is affected by genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. AREAS COVERED This review summarizes key studies of IgG glycosylation changes in aging and disease, effects of lifestyle and pharmacological interventions, and mechanisms that regulate IgG glycosylation. EXPERT OPINION IgG glycome is an important contributor to the process of aging that can be modulated by both lifestyle and pharmacological interventions. Small molecule drugs that would suppress chronic systemic inflammation by modulation of the IgG glycome are still not available, but since gene network regulating IgG glycosylation has been identified and a high-throughput in vitro screening system is available, it is likely that this highly innovative approach to manage chronic systemic inflammation will be developed soon.
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Affiliation(s)
- GordAn Lauc
- University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry & Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Zagreb, Croatia
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18
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Falck D, Wuhrer M. GlYcoLISA: antigen-specific and subclass-specific IgG Fc glycosylation analysis based on an immunosorbent assay with an LC-MS readout. Nat Protoc 2024; 19:1887-1909. [PMID: 38383719 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-024-00963-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Immunoglobulin G (IgG) fragment crystallizable (Fc) glycosylation modulates effector functions such as antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and complement-dependent cytotoxicity. Consequently, assessing IgG Fc glycosylation is important for understanding the role of antibodies in infectious, alloimmune and autoimmune diseases. GlYcoLISA determines the Fc glycosylation of antigen-specific IgG by an immunosorbent assay with a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) readout. Detection of antigen-specific IgG glycosylation in a subclass- and site-specific manner is realized by LC-MS-based glycopeptide analysis after proteolytic cleavage. GlYcoLISA addresses challenges related to the low abundance of specific IgG and the high background of total IgG by using well-established immunosorbent assays for purifying antibodies of the desired specificity using immobilized antigen. Alternative methods with sufficient glycan resolution lack these important specificities. GlYcoLISA is performed in a 96-well plate format, and the analysis of 160 samples takes ~5 d, with 1 d for sample preparation, 2 d of LC-MS measurement and 2 d for partially automated data processing. GlYcoLISA requires expertise in LC-MS operation and data processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Falck
- Leiden University Medical Center, Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden, the Netherlands.
| | - Manfred Wuhrer
- Leiden University Medical Center, Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden, the Netherlands.
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19
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Suzuki S, Liu J, Sato Y, Miyake R, Suzuki S, Okitsu Y, Fukuda T, Isaji T, Gu J, Takahashi S. Fucosylation inhibitor 6-alkynylfucose enhances the ATRA-induced differentiation effect on acute promyelocytic leukemia cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 710:149541. [PMID: 38608490 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
For acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), differentiation therapy with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) is well established. However, the narrow application and tolerance development of ATRA remain to be improved. In this study, we investigated the effects of combinations of glycosylation inhibitors with ATRA to achieve better efficiency than ATRA alone. We found that the combination of fucosylation inhibitor 6-alkynylfucose (6AF) and ATRA had an additional effect on cell differentiation, as revealed by expression changes in two differentiation markers, CD11b and CD11c, and significant morphological changes in NB4 APL and HL-60 acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells. In AAL lectin blot analyses, ATRA or 6AF alone could decrease fucosylation, while their combination decreased fucosylation more efficiently. To clarify the molecular mechanism for the 6AF effect on ATRA-induced differentiation, we performed microarray analyses using NB4 cells. In a pathway analysis using DAVID software, we found that the C-type lectin receptor (CLR) signaling pathway was enriched with high significance. In real-time PCR analyses using NB4 and HL-60 cells, FcεRIγ, CLEC6A, CLEC7A, CASP1, IL-1β, and EGR3, as components of the CLR pathway, as well as CD45 and AKT3 were upregulated by 6AF in ATRA-induced differentiation. Taken together, the present findings suggest that the CLR signaling pathway is involved in the 6AF effect on ATRA-induced differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susumu Suzuki
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 1-15-1 Fukumuro, Miyagino-ku, Sendai, 983-8536, Japan; Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University Hospital, 1-12-1 Fukumuro, Miyagino-ku, Sendai, 983-8512, Japan
| | - Jianwei Liu
- Division of Regulatory Glycobiology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 981-8558, Japan
| | - Yuri Sato
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University Hospital, 1-12-1 Fukumuro, Miyagino-ku, Sendai, 983-8512, Japan
| | - Rikuto Miyake
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 1-15-1 Fukumuro, Miyagino-ku, Sendai, 983-8536, Japan
| | - Souma Suzuki
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 1-15-1 Fukumuro, Miyagino-ku, Sendai, 983-8536, Japan
| | - Yoko Okitsu
- Division of Rheumatology and Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 1-15-1 Fukumuro, Miyagino-ku, Sendai, 983-8536, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Fukuda
- Division of Regulatory Glycobiology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 981-8558, Japan
| | - Tomoya Isaji
- Division of Regulatory Glycobiology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 981-8558, Japan
| | - Jianguo Gu
- Division of Regulatory Glycobiology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 981-8558, Japan.
| | - Shinichiro Takahashi
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 1-15-1 Fukumuro, Miyagino-ku, Sendai, 983-8536, Japan; Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University Hospital, 1-12-1 Fukumuro, Miyagino-ku, Sendai, 983-8512, Japan.
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20
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Xu P, Ou YC, Smith M, Paulson J, Schmidt MA, Kandari L, Parsons R, Khetan A. Application of fucosylation inhibitors for production of afucosylated antibody. Biotechnol Prog 2024; 40:e3438. [PMID: 38415431 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.3438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Fucosylation is an important quality attribute for therapeutic antibodies. Afucosylated antibodies exhibit higher therapeutic efficacies than their fucosylated counterparts through antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) mechanism. Since higher potency is beneficial in reducing dose or duration of the treatment, afucosylated antibodies have attracted a great deal of interest in biotherapeutics development. In this study, novel small molecules GDP-D-Rhamnose and its derivatives (Ac-GDP-D-Rhamnose and rhamnose sodium phosphate) were synthesized to inhibit the enzyme in the GDP-fucose synthesis pathway. Addition of these compounds into cell culture increased antibody afucosylation levels in a dose-dependent manner and had no significant impact on other protein quality attributes. A novel and effective mechanism to generate afucosylated antibody is demonstrated for biologics discovery, analytical method development, process development, and other applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Xu
- Biologics Development, Global Product Development & Supply, Bristol Myers Squibb, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Yu Chuan Ou
- Biologics Development, Global Product Development & Supply, Bristol Myers Squibb, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Michael Smith
- Chemical Process Development, Global Product Development & Supply, Bristol Myers Squibb, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Jim Paulson
- Chemical Process Development, Global Product Development & Supply, Bristol Myers Squibb, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Michael A Schmidt
- Chemical Process Development, Global Product Development & Supply, Bristol Myers Squibb, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Lakshmi Kandari
- Biologics Development, Global Product Development & Supply, Bristol Myers Squibb, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Rodney Parsons
- Chemical Process Development, Global Product Development & Supply, Bristol Myers Squibb, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Anurag Khetan
- Biologics Development, Global Product Development & Supply, Bristol Myers Squibb, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
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21
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Kim M, Vergara E, Tran A, Paul MJ, Kwon T, Ma JK, Jang Y, Reljic R. Marked enhancement of the immunogenicity of plant-expressed IgG-Fc fusion proteins by inclusion of cholera toxin non-toxic B subunit within the single polypeptide. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2024; 22:1402-1416. [PMID: 38163285 PMCID: PMC11022806 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Immunoglobulin G (IgG)-based fusion proteins have been widely exploited as a potential vaccine delivery platform but in the absence of exogenous adjuvants, the lack of robust immunity remains an obstacle. Here, we report on a key modification that overcomes that obstacle. Thus, we constructed an IgG-Fc vaccine platform for dengue, termed D-PCF, which in addition to a dengue antigen incorporates the cholera toxin non-toxic B subunit (CTB) as a molecular adjuvant, with all three proteins expressed as a single polypeptide. Following expression in Nicotiana benthamiana plants, the D-PCF assembled as polymeric structures of similar size to human IgM, a process driven by the pentamerization of CTB. A marked improvement of functional properties in vitro and immunogenicity in vivo over a previous iteration of the Fc-fusion protein without CTB [1] was demonstrated. These include enhanced antigen presenting cell binding, internalization and activation, complement activation, epithelial cell interactions and ganglioside binding, as well as more efficient polymerization within the expression host. Following immunization of mice with D-PCF by a combination of systemic and mucosal (intranasal) routes, we observed robust systemic and mucosal immune responses, as well as systemic T cell responses, significantly higher than those induced by a related Fc-fusion protein but without CTB. The induced antibodies could bind to the domain III of the dengue virus envelope protein from all four dengue serotypes. Finally, we also demonstrated feasibility of aerosolization of D-PCF as a prerequisite for vaccine delivery by the respiratory route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi‐Young Kim
- Department of Molecular BiologyJeonbuk National UniversityJeonjuRepublic of Korea
- Institute for Infection and ImmunitySt George's University of LondonLondonUK
| | - Emil Vergara
- Institute for Infection and ImmunitySt George's University of LondonLondonUK
| | - Andy Tran
- Institute for Infection and ImmunitySt George's University of LondonLondonUK
| | - Matthew John Paul
- Institute for Infection and ImmunitySt George's University of LondonLondonUK
| | | | - Julian K.C. Ma
- Institute for Infection and ImmunitySt George's University of LondonLondonUK
| | - Yong‐Suk Jang
- Department of Molecular BiologyJeonbuk National UniversityJeonjuRepublic of Korea
| | - Rajko Reljic
- Institute for Infection and ImmunitySt George's University of LondonLondonUK
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22
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Zlatina K, Isernhagen L, Galuska CE, Murani E, Galuska SP. Changes in the N-glycosylation of porcine immune globulin G during postnatal development. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1361240. [PMID: 38698868 PMCID: PMC11063267 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1361240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
N-glycosylation influences the effectiveness of immune globulin G (IgG) and thus the immunological downstream responses of immune cells. This impact arises from the presence of N-glycans within the Fc region, which not only alters the conformation of IgG but also influences its steric hindrance. Consequently, these modifications affect the interaction between IgG and its binding partners within the immune system. Moreover, this posttranslational modification vary according to the physiological condition of each individual. In this study, we examined the N-glycosylation of IgG in pigs from birth to five months of age. Our analysis identified a total of 48 distinct N-glycan structures. Remarkably, we observed defined changes in the composition of these N-glycans during postnatal development. The presence of agalactosylated and sialylated structures increases in relation to the number of N-glycans terminated by galactose residues during the first months of life. This shift may indicate a transition from passively transferred antibodies from the colostrum of the sow to the active production of endogenous IgG by the pig's own immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Zlatina
- Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
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23
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Sadiki A, Liu S, Vaidya SR, Kercher EM, Lang RT, McIsaac J, Spring BQ, Auclair JR, Zhou ZS. Site-Specific Conjugation of Native Antibody: Transglutaminase-Mediated Modification of a Conserved Glutamine While Maintaining the Primary Sequence and Core Fc Glycan via Trimming with an Endoglycosidase. Bioconjug Chem 2024; 35:465-471. [PMID: 38499390 PMCID: PMC11036358 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.4c00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
A versatile chemo-enzymatic tool to site-specifically modify native (nonengineered) antibodies is using transglutaminase (TGase, E.C. 2.3.2.13). With various amines as cosubstrates, this enzyme converts the unsubstituted side chain amide of glutamine (Gln or Q) in peptides and proteins into substituted amides (i.e., conjugates). A pleasant surprise is that only a single conserved glutamine (Gln295) in the Fc region of IgG is modified by microbial TGase (mTGase, EC 2.3.2.13), thereby providing a highly specific and generally applicable conjugation method. However, prior to the transamidation (access to the glutamine residue by mTGase), the steric hindrance from the nearby conserved N-glycan (Asn297 in IgG1) must be reduced. In previous approaches, amidase (PNGase F, EC 3.5.1.52) was used to completely remove the N-glycan. However, PNGase F also converts a net neutral asparagine (Asn297) to a negatively charged aspartic acid (Asp297). This charge alteration may markedly change the structure, function, and immunogenicity of an IgG antibody. In contrast, in our new method presented herein, the N-glycan is trimmed by an endoglycosidase (EndoS2, EC 3.2.1.96), hence retaining both the core N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) moiety and the neutral asparaginyl amide. The trimmed glycan also reduces or abolishes Fc receptor-mediated functions, which results in better imaging agents by decreasing nonspecific binding to other cells (e.g., immune cells). Moreover, the remaining core glycan allows further derivatization such as glycan remodeling and dual conjugation. Practical and robust, our method generates conjugates in near quantitative yields, and both enzymes are commercially available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amissi Sadiki
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Barnett Institute of Chemical and
Biological Analysis, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Shanshan Liu
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Barnett Institute of Chemical and
Biological Analysis, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Shefali R. Vaidya
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Barnett Institute of Chemical and
Biological Analysis, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Eric M. Kercher
- Translational
Biophotonics Cluster, Department of Physics, Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Ryan T. Lang
- Translational
Biophotonics Cluster, Department of Physics, Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - James McIsaac
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Barnett Institute of Chemical and
Biological Analysis, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Bryan Q. Spring
- Translational
Biophotonics Cluster, Department of Physics, Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Jared R. Auclair
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Barnett Institute of Chemical and
Biological Analysis, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Zhaohui Sunny Zhou
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Barnett Institute of Chemical and
Biological Analysis, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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24
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Tomida S, Nagae M, Kizuka Y. Distinctive domains and activity regulation of core fucosylation enzyme FUT8. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2024; 1868:130561. [PMID: 38218458 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2024.130561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Core fucose, a structure added to the reducing end N-acetylglucosamine of N-glycans, has been shown to regulate various physiological and pathological processes, including melanoma metastasis, exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and severe outcomes in COVID-19. SCOPE OF REVIEW Recent research has shed light on regulation of the activity and subcellular localization of a1,6-fucosyltransferase (FUT8), the glycosyltransferase responsible for core fucose biosynthesis, unraveling the mechanisms for controlling core fucosylation in vivo. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS This review summarizes the various features of FUT8, including its domains, structures, and substrate specificity. Additionally, we discuss the potential involvement of FUT8-binding proteins, such as oligosaccharyltransferase subunits, in the regulation of FUT8 activity, substrate specificity, and the secretion of FUT8. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE We anticipate that this review will contribute to a deeper understanding of the control of core fucose levels in vivo and involvement of core fucosylation in FUT8-relevant functions and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seita Tomida
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Masamichi Nagae
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan; Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center (IFReC), Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Kizuka
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan; Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.
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25
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Li H, Peralta AG, Schoffelen S, Hansen AH, Arnsdorf J, Schinn SM, Skidmore J, Choudhury B, Paulchakrabarti M, Voldborg BG, Chiang AW, Lewis NE. LeGenD: determining N-glycoprofiles using an explainable AI-leveraged model with lectin profiling. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.27.587044. [PMID: 38585977 PMCID: PMC10996628 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.27.587044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Glycosylation affects many vital functions of organisms. Therefore, its surveillance is critical from basic science to biotechnology, including biopharmaceutical development and clinical diagnostics. However, conventional glycan structure analysis faces challenges with throughput and cost. Lectins offer an alternative approach for analyzing glycans, but they only provide glycan epitopes and not full glycan structure information. To overcome these limitations, we developed LeGenD, a lectin and AI-based approach to predict N-glycan structures and determine their relative abundance in purified proteins based on lectin-binding patterns. We trained the LeGenD model using 309 glycoprofiles from 10 recombinant proteins, produced in 30 glycoengineered CHO cell lines. Our approach accurately reconstructed experimentally-measured N-glycoprofiles of bovine Fetuin B and IgG from human sera. Explanatory AI analysis with SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) helped identify the critical lectins for glycoprofile predictions. Our LeGenD approach thus presents an alternative approach for N-glycan analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haining Li
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Angelo G. Peralta
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Sanne Schoffelen
- National Biologics Facility Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Building 220, Kemitorvet, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
| | - Anders Holmgaard Hansen
- National Biologics Facility Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Building 220, Kemitorvet, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
| | - Johnny Arnsdorf
- National Biologics Facility Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Building 220, Kemitorvet, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
| | - Song-Min Schinn
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Jonathan Skidmore
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Biswa Choudhury
- Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Mousumi Paulchakrabarti
- Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Bjorn G. Voldborg
- National Biologics Facility Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Building 220, Kemitorvet, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
| | - Austin W.T. Chiang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Nathan E. Lewis
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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26
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Nishida Y, Shirakashi M, Hashii N, Nakashima R, Nakayama Y, Katsushima M, Watanabe R, Onizawa H, Hiwa R, Tsuji H, Kitagori K, Akizuki S, Onishi A, Murakami K, Yoshifuji H, Tanaka M, Tsuruyama T, Morinobu A, Hashimoto M. Pathogenicity of IgG-Fc desialylation and its association with Th17 cells in an animal model of systemic lupus erythematosus. Mod Rheumatol 2024; 34:523-529. [PMID: 37300805 DOI: 10.1093/mr/road054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Decreased sialylation of IgG-Fc glycans has been reported in autoimmune diseases, but its role in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is not fully understood. In this study, we examined the pathogenicity of IgG desialylation and its association with Th17 in SLE using an animal model. METHODS B6SKG mice, which develop lupus-like systemic autoimmunity due to the ZAP70 mutation, were used to investigate the pathogenicity of IgG desialylation. The proportion of sialylated IgG was compared between B6SKG and wild-type mice with or without β-glucan treatment-induced Th17 expansion. Anti-interleukin (IL)-23 and anti-IL-17 antibodies were used to examine the role of Th17 cells in IgG glycosylation. Activation-induced cytidine deaminase-specific St6gal1 conditionally knockout (cKO) mice were generated to examine the direct effect of IgG desialylation. RESULTS The proportions of sialylated IgG were similar between B6SKG and wild-type mice in the steady state. However, IgG desialylation was observed after β-glucan-induced Th17 expansion, and nephropathy also worsened in B6SKG mice. Anti-IL-23/17 treatment suppressed IgG desialylation and nephropathy. Glomerular atrophy was observed in the cKO mice, suggesting that IgG desialylation is directly involved in disease exacerbation. CONCLUSIONS IgG desialylation contributes to the progression of nephropathy, which is ameliorated by blocking IL-17A or IL-23 in an SLE mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Nishida
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Mirei Shirakashi
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Noritaka Hashii
- Division of Biological Chemistry and Biologicals, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Ran Nakashima
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoichi Nakayama
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masao Katsushima
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ryu Watanabe
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hideo Onizawa
- Department of Advanced Medicine for Rheumatic Diseases, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Hiwa
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hideaki Tsuji
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Koji Kitagori
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shuji Akizuki
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akira Onishi
- Department of Advanced Medicine for Rheumatic Diseases, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kosaku Murakami
- Center for Cancer Immunotherapy and Immunobiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hajime Yoshifuji
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masao Tanaka
- Department of Advanced Medicine for Rheumatic Diseases, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tatsuaki Tsuruyama
- Department of Drug Discovery Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akio Morinobu
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Motomu Hashimoto
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
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27
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de Graaf EL, Larsen MD, van der Bolt N, Visser R, Verhagen OJHM, Hipgrave Ederveen AL, Koeleman CAM, van der Schoot CE, Wuhrer M, Vidarsson G. Assessment of IgG-Fc glycosylation from individual RhD-specific B cell clones reveals regulation at clonal rather than clonotypic level. Immunology 2024; 171:428-439. [PMID: 38097893 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The type and strength of effector functions mediated by immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies rely on the subclass and the composition of the N297 glycan. Glycosylation analysis of both bulk and antigen-specific human IgG has revealed a marked diversity of the glycosylation signatures, including highly dynamic patterns as well as long-term stability of profiles, yet information on how individual B cell clones would contribute to this diversity has hitherto been lacking. Here, we assessed whether clonally related B cells share N297 glycosylation patterns of their secreted IgG. We differentiated single antigen-specific peripheral IgG+ memory B cells into antibody-secreting cells and analysed Fc glycosylation of secreted IgG. Furthermore, we sequenced the variable region of their heavy chain, which allowed the grouping of the clones into clonotypes. We found highly diverse glycosylation patterns of culture-derived IgG, which, to some degree, mimicked the glycosylation of plasma IgG. Each B cell clone secreted IgG with a mixture of different Fc glycosylation patterns. The majority of clones produced fully fucosylated IgG. B cells producing afucosylated IgG were scattered across different clonotypes. In contrast, the remaining glycosylation traits were, in general, more uniform. These results indicate IgG-Fc fucosylation to be regulated at the single-clone level, whereas the regulation of other glycosylation traits most likely occurs at a clonotypic or systemic level. The discrepancies between plasma IgG and culture-derived IgG, could be caused by the origin of the B cells analysed, clonal dominance or factors from the culture system, which need to be addressed in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik L de Graaf
- Immunoglobulin Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Immunohematology, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences and Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Mads Delbo Larsen
- Immunoglobulin Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Immunohematology, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences and Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Nieke van der Bolt
- Immunoglobulin Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Immunohematology, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Immunopathology, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Remco Visser
- Immunoglobulin Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Immunohematology, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences and Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Onno J H M Verhagen
- Immunoglobulin Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Immunohematology, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Carolien A M Koeleman
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - C Ellen van der Schoot
- Immunoglobulin Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Immunohematology, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Manfred Wuhrer
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Gestur Vidarsson
- Immunoglobulin Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Immunohematology, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences and Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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28
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Gstöttner C, Lippold S, Hook M, Yang F, Haberger M, Wuhrer M, Falck D, Schlothauer T, Domínguez-Vega E. Benchmarking glycoform-resolved affinity separation - mass spectrometry assays for studying FcγRIIIa binding. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1347871. [PMID: 38469305 PMCID: PMC10925690 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1347871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The antibody- FcγRIIIa interaction triggers key immunological responses such as antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), making it highly important for therapeutic mAbs. Due to the direct glycan-glycan interaction with FcγRIIIa receptor, differences in antibody glycosylation can drastically influence the binding affinity. Understanding the differential binding of mAb glycoforms is a very important, yet challenging task due to the co-existence of multiple glycoforms in a sample. Affinity liquid chromatography (AC) and affinity capillary electrophoresis (ACE) hyphenated with mass spectrometry (MS) can provide glycoform-resolved affinity profiles of proteins based on their differences in either dissociation (AC) or equilibrium (ACE) constants. To cross-validate the affinity ranking provided by these complementary novel approaches, both techniques were benchmarked using the same FcγRIIIa constructs. Both approaches were able to assess the mAb - FcγRIIIa interaction in a glycoform selective manner and showed a clear increase in binding for fully versus hemi-fucosylated mAbs. Also, other features, such as increasing affinity with elevated galactosylation or the binding affinity for high mannose glycoforms were consistent. We further applied these approaches to assess the binding towards the F158 allotype of FcγRIIIa, which was not reported before. The FcγRIIIa F158 allotype showed a very similar profile compared to the V158 receptor with the strongest increase in binding due to afucosylation and only a slight increase in binding with additional galactosylation. Both techniques showed a decrease of the binding affinity for high mannose glycoforms for FcγRIIIa F158 compared to the V158 variant. Overall, both approaches provided very comparable results in line with orthogonal methods proving the capabilities of separation-based affinity approaches to study FcγR binding of antibody glycoforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Gstöttner
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Steffen Lippold
- Protein Analytical Chemistry, Genentech, A Member of the Roche Group, South San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Michaela Hook
- Pharma Technical Development Penzberg, Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Feng Yang
- Protein Analytical Chemistry, Genentech, A Member of the Roche Group, South San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Markus Haberger
- Pharma Technical Development Penzberg, Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Manfred Wuhrer
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - David Falck
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Tilman Schlothauer
- Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center, Munich, Germany
| | - Elena Domínguez-Vega
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
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29
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Sneed SL, Reese BB, Laureano AF, Ratnapriya S, Fraschilla I, Jeffrey KL, Coffey GP, Conley PB, Anthony RM. An engineered immunomodulatory IgG1 Fc suppresses autoimmune inflammation through pathways shared with i.v. immunoglobulin. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e172980. [PMID: 38357917 PMCID: PMC10866649 DOI: 10.1172/jci172980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies in the form of high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) exert immunomodulatory activity and are used in this capacity to treat inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Reductionist approaches have revealed that terminal sialylation of the single asparagine-linked (N-linked) glycan at position 297 of the IgG1 Fc bestows antiinflammatory activity, which can be recapitulated by introduction of an F241A point mutation in the IgG1 Fc (FcF241A). Here, we examined the antiinflammatory activity of CHO-K1 cell-produced FcF241A in vivo in models of autoimmune inflammation and found it to be independent of sialylation. Intriguingly, sialylation markedly improved the half-life and bioavailability of FcF241A via impaired interaction with the asialoglycoprotein receptor ASGPR. Further, FcF241A suppressed inflammation through the same molecular pathways as IVIG and sialylated IgG1 Fc and required the C-type lectin SIGN-R1 in vivo. This contrasted with FcAbdeg (efgartigimod), an engineered IgG1 Fc with enhanced neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) binding, which reduced total serum IgG concentrations, independent of SIGN-R1. When coadministered, FcF241A and FcAbdeg exhibited combinatorial antiinflammatory activity. Together, these results demonstrated that the antiinflammatory activity of FcF241A requires SIGN-R1, similarly to that of high-dose IVIG and sialylated IgG1, and can be used in combination with other antiinflammatory therapeutics that rely on divergent pathways, including FcAbdeg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunny L. Sneed
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, and
| | - Brian B. Reese
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, and
| | - Ana F.S. Laureano
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, and
| | - Sneha Ratnapriya
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, and
| | - Isabella Fraschilla
- Center for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kate L. Jeffrey
- Center for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | | | - Robert M. Anthony
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, and
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30
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Fernández-Guarino M, Ortiz P, Gallardo F, Llamas-Velasco M. Clinical and Real-World Effectiveness of Mogamulizumab: A Narrative Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2203. [PMID: 38396877 PMCID: PMC10889597 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Mogamulizumab (MOG) is an antibody targeting the CCR4 receptor, authorized for relapsed or refractory peripheral T-cell (PTCL) and cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCL). Its adoption in guidelines and endorsement by FDA and EMA established it as a systemic treatment, especially for advanced disease stages due to its comparatively lower toxicity. Clinical trials and real-world evidence have underscored its efficacy in advanced CTCLs, including mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome; PTCLs; and adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL), showcasing positive outcomes. Notably, the drug has demonstrated significant response rates, disease stability, and extended periods of progression-free survival, suggesting its applicability in cases with multiple treatment lines. Its safety profile is generally manageable, with adverse events (AEs) primarily related to the skin, infusion-related reactions, drug eruptions, autoimmune diseases, and skin disorders. The latter seem to appear as CCR4 can promote the skin-specific homing of lymphocytes, and MOG is directed against this receptor. While combination with immunostimulatory agents like interferon alpha and interleukin 12 has shown promising results, caution is urged when combining with PD1 inhibitors due to the heightened risk of immune-mediated AEs. The introduction of MOG as a systemic treatment implies a significant advancement in managing these diseases, supported by its favorable safety profile and complementary mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Montserrat Fernández-Guarino
- Dermatology Department, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Ramón y Cajal (Irycis), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Pablo Ortiz
- Dermatology Department, Hospital 12 de Octubre, 28041 Madrid, Spain;
| | | | - Mar Llamas-Velasco
- Dermatology Department, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Fundación de Investigación Biomédica de la Princesa, 28006 Madrid, Spain
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31
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Chen X, Wong OK, Reiman L, Sherbenou DW, Post L. CD38 x ICAM-1 Bispecific Antibody Is a Novel Approach for Treating Multiple Myeloma and Lymphoma. Mol Cancer Ther 2024; 23:127-138. [PMID: 37816503 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-23-0052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
The cluster of differentiation 38 (CD38) is a well-validated target for treating multiple myeloma. Although anti-CD38 mAbs have demonstrated outstanding initial responses in patients with multiple myeloma, nearly all patients eventually develop resistance and relapse. In addition, currently approved CD38 targeting therapies have failed to show monotherapy efficacy in lymphomas, where CD38 expression is present but at lower levels. To effectively target CD38 on tumor cells, we generated an antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) enhanced bispecific CD38 x intercellular cell adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) antibody, VP301. This bispecific antibody targets unique epitopes on CD38 and ICAM-1 on tumor cells with reduced red blood cell binding compared with the benchmark CD38 antibody daratumumab. VP301 demonstrated potent ADCC and antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis activities on a selected set of myeloma and lymphoma cell lines even those with low CD38 expression. In an ex vivo drug sensitivity assay, we observed responses to VP301 in multiple myeloma primary samples from relapsed/refractory patients. Moreover, VP301 demonstrated potent tumor inhibition activities in in vivo myeloma and lymphoma models. Interestingly, combination of VP301 with the immunomodulatory drug, lenalidomide, led to synergistic antitumor growth activity in an in vivo efficacy study. In conclusion, the CD38 x ICAM-1 bispecific antibody VP301 demonstrated promising efficacy and specificity toward CD38+ and ICAM-1+ tumor cells and represents a novel approach for treating multiple myeloma and lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Oi Kwan Wong
- Virtuoso Therapeutics, Inc., San Mateo, California
| | - Lauren Reiman
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Daniel W Sherbenou
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
- University of Colorado Cancer Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Leonard Post
- Virtuoso Therapeutics, Inc., San Mateo, California
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32
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Vivier E, Rebuffet L, Narni-Mancinelli E, Cornen S, Igarashi RY, Fantin VR. Natural killer cell therapies. Nature 2024; 626:727-736. [PMID: 38383621 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06945-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are lymphocytes of the innate immune system. A key feature of NK cells is their ability to recognize a wide range of cells in distress, particularly tumour cells and cells infected with viruses. They combine both direct effector functions against their cellular targets and participate in the generation, shaping and maintenance of a multicellular immune response. As our understanding has deepened, several therapeutic strategies focused on NK cells have been conceived and are currently in various stages of development, from preclinical investigations to clinical trials. Here we explore in detail the complexity of NK cell biology in humans and highlight the role of these cells in cancer immunity. We also analyse the harnessing of NK cell immunity through immune checkpoint inhibitors, NK cell engagers, and infusions of preactivated or genetically modified, autologous or allogeneic NK cell products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Vivier
- Innate Pharma Research Laboratories, Innate Pharma, Marseille, France.
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Marseille, France.
- APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Marseille-Immunopôle, Marseille, France.
- Paris-Saclay Cancer Cluster, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.
| | - Lucas Rebuffet
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Emilie Narni-Mancinelli
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Stéphanie Cornen
- Innate Pharma Research Laboratories, Innate Pharma, Marseille, France
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33
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Muto H, Ishii N, Iwamoto M, Matsuo I. Rapid preparation of a glycan oxazoline and a homogeneously glycosylated antibody with an enzyme-immobilized monolithic column. Carbohydr Res 2024; 536:109024. [PMID: 38215662 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2024.109024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Chemo-enzymatic glycan engineering is considered to be one of the most promising strategies to enhance efficiency in pharmaceutical research. However, it is assumed that this technology has limited industrial application for the production of biological therapeutics because of the high cost of the process. In this study, we developed a scheme for rapidly preparing a glycan oxazoline and a homogeneously glycosylated antibody. The enzyme-immobilized monolith and the flow chemistry-based approach enabled a glycan oxazoline and a homogeneously glycosylated antibody to be obtained at the gram scale from starting materials (sialylglycopeptide and heterogeneously glycosylated protein) within 2.5 h. This cost-effective scheme for obtaining a large amount of glycan donors and homogeneously glycosylated proteins in a short time will be helpful to implement glycan engineering technology for industrial purposes such as pharmaceutical production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Muto
- Biologics Technology Research Laboratories I, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., 2716-1 Kurakake, Akaiwa, Chiyoda-machi, Ohra-gun, Gunma, 370-0503, Japan; Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, 1-5-1 Tenjin-cho, Kiryu, Gunma, 376-8515, Japan
| | - Nozomi Ishii
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, 1-5-1 Tenjin-cho, Kiryu, Gunma, 376-8515, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Iwamoto
- Biologics Technology Research Laboratories I, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., 2716-1 Kurakake, Akaiwa, Chiyoda-machi, Ohra-gun, Gunma, 370-0503, Japan
| | - Ichiro Matsuo
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, 1-5-1 Tenjin-cho, Kiryu, Gunma, 376-8515, Japan.
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34
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Pan S, Manabe N, Ohno S, Komatsu S, Fujimura T, Yamaguchi Y. Each N-glycan on human IgA and J-chain uniquely affects oligomericity and stability. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2024; 1868:130536. [PMID: 38070292 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2023.130536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunoglobulin A (IgA) plays a pivotal role in various immune responses, especially that of mucosal immunity. IgA is usually assembled into dimers with the contribution of J-chains. There are two N-glycosylation sites in human IgA1-Fc and one in the J-chain. There is no consensus as yet on the functional role of the N-glycosylation. METHODS To gain a better understanding of their role, we designed a series of IgA1-Fc mutants, which were expressed in the absence or presence of the J-chain. RESULTS IgA1-Fc without the J-chain, was predominantly expressed as a monomer, and in its presence dimers and some polymers appeared. N263 (Fc Cα2), N459 (Fc tailpiece) and N49 (J-chain) were shown to be site-specifically modified with N-glycans by mass spectrometry analysis. Mutant IgA1-Fc N459Q failed to form a proper dimer in the presence of the J-chain, instead higher-order aggregates appeared. Fluorescence experiments suggest that the N459-glycans cover a hydrophobic surface at the Fc tailpiece that prevents other Fc molecules from approaching the dimeric IgA. A thermofluor assay revealed that the N-glycans at N263 (Fc) and N49 (J-chain) both contribute in different ways to the thermal stability of the Fc-J-chain complex. NMR analysis of 13C-labeled Fc suggests that the N459-glycan is relatively flexible while the N263-glycan is more rigid. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that the N459-glycan of IgA1-Fc is essential for dimer formation and prevention of higher-order aggregates while those at N263 (Fc) and N49 (J-chain) stabilize the Fc-J-chain complex. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Site-specific role for N-glycan in molecular assembly is addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunli Pan
- Division of Structural Glycobiology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aoba-ku, Sendai 981-8558, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Noriyoshi Manabe
- Division of Structural Glycobiology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aoba-ku, Sendai 981-8558, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Shiho Ohno
- Division of Structural Glycobiology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aoba-ku, Sendai 981-8558, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Sachiko Komatsu
- Division of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aoba-ku, Sendai 981-8558, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Fujimura
- Division of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aoba-ku, Sendai 981-8558, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Yamaguchi
- Division of Structural Glycobiology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aoba-ku, Sendai 981-8558, Miyagi, Japan.
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35
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Zhang M, Zhang Y, Wu H, Wang X, Zheng H, Feng J, Wang J, Luo L, Xiao H, Qiao C, Li X, Zheng Y, Huang W, Wang Y, Wang Y, Shi Y, Feng J, Chen G. Functional characterization of AF-04, an afucosylated anti-MARV GP antibody. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:166964. [PMID: 37995774 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Marburg virus (MARV), one member of the Filoviridae family, cause sporadic outbreaks of hemorrhagic fever with high mortality rates. No countermeasures are currently available for the prevention or treatment of MARV infection. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are promising candidates to display high neutralizing activity against MARV infection in vitro and in vivo. Recently, growing evidence has shown that immune effector function including antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) is also required for in vivo efficacy of a panel of antibodies. Glyco-engineered methods are widely utilized to augment ADCC function of mAbs. In this study, we generated a fucose-knockout MARV GP-specific mAb named AF-04 and showed that afucosylation dramatically increased its binding affinity to polymorphic FcγRIIIa (F176/V176) compared with the parental AF-03. Accordingly, AF-04-mediated NK cell activation and NFAT expression downstream of FcγRIIIa in effector cells were also augmented. In conclusion, this work demonstrates that AF-04 represents a novel avenue for the treatment of MARV-caused disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100089, China
| | - Yuting Zhang
- Inner Mongolia Key Lab of Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010110, China
| | - Haiyan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100089, China
| | - Xinwei Wang
- Inner Mongolia Key Lab of Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010110, China
| | - Hang Zheng
- Inner Mongolia Key Lab of Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010110, China
| | - Junjuan Feng
- Inner Mongolia Key Lab of Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010110, China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100089, China
| | - Longlong Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100089, China
| | - He Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100089, China
| | - Chunxia Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100089, China
| | - Xinying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100089, China
| | - Yuanqiang Zheng
- Inner Mongolia Key Lab of Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010110, China
| | - Weijin Huang
- Division of HIV/AIDS and Sex-transmitted Virus Vaccines, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102600, China
| | - Youchun Wang
- Division of HIV/AIDS and Sex-transmitted Virus Vaccines, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102600, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Hematology, The Fifth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100071, China.
| | - Yanchun Shi
- Inner Mongolia Key Lab of Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010110, China.
| | - Jiannan Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100089, China.
| | - Guojiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100089, China.
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36
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Reinig S, Shih SR. Non-neutralizing functions in anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies. Biomed J 2024; 47:100666. [PMID: 37778697 PMCID: PMC10825350 DOI: 10.1016/j.bj.2023.100666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Most individuals infected with or vaccinated against COVID-19 develop antigenic neutralizing immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Although neutralizing antibodies are biomarkers of the adaptive immune response, their mere presence is insufficient to explain the protection afforded against the disease or its pathology. IgG exhibits other secondary effector functions that activate innate immune components, including complement, natural killer cells, and macrophages. The affinity for effector cells depends on the isotypes and glycosylation of IgG antibodies. The anti-spike IgG titer should be sufficient to provide significant Fc-mediated effects in severe COVID-19, mRNA, and protein subunit vaccinations. In combination with aberrant effector cells, pro-inflammatory afucosylated IgG1 and IgG3 may be detrimental in severe COVID-19. The antibody response of mRNA vaccines leads to higher fucosylation and a less inflammatory IgG profile, with a long-term shift to IgG4, which is correlated with protection from disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Reinig
- Research Center for Emerging Viral Infections, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Shin-Ru Shih
- Research Center for Emerging Viral Infections, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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37
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Yanaka S, Watanabe H, Yogo R, Kongsema M, Kondo S, Yagi H, Uchihashi T, Kato K. Quantitative Analysis of Therapeutic Antibody Interactions with Fcγ Receptors Using High-Speed Atomic Force Microscopy. Biol Pharm Bull 2024; 47:334-338. [PMID: 38143078 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b23-00751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
This study employed high-speed atomic force microscopy to quantitatively analyze the interactions between therapeutic antibodies and Fcγ receptors (FcγRs). Antibodies are essential components of the immune system and are integral to biopharmaceuticals. The focus of this study was on immunoglobulin G molecules, which are crucial for antigen binding via the Fab segments and cytotoxic functions through their Fc portions. We conducted real-time, label-free observations of the interactions of rituximab and mogamulizumab with the recombinant FcγRIIIa and FcγRIIa. The dwell times of FcγR binding were measured at the single-molecule level, which revealed an extended interaction duration of mogamulizumab with FcγRIIIa compared with that of rituximab. This is linked to enhanced antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity that is attributed to the absence of the core fucosylation of Fc-linked N-glycan. This study also emphasizes the crucial role of the Fab segments in the interaction with FcγRIIa as well as that with FcγRIIIa. This approach provided quantitative insight into therapeutic antibody interactions and exemplified kinetic proofreading, where cellular discrimination relies on ligand residence times. Observing the dwell times of antibodies on the effector molecules has emerged as a robust indicator of therapeutic antibody efficacy. Ultimately, these findings pave the way for the development of refined therapeutic antibodies with tailored interactions with specific FcγRs. This research contributes to the advancement of biopharmaceutical antibody design and optimizing antibody-based treatments for enhanced efficacy and precision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeko Yanaka
- Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS), National Institutes of Natural Sciences
- Institute for Molecular Science (IMS), National Institutes of Natural Sciences
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University
| | - Hiroki Watanabe
- Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS), National Institutes of Natural Sciences
| | - Rina Yogo
- Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS), National Institutes of Natural Sciences
- Institute for Molecular Science (IMS), National Institutes of Natural Sciences
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University
| | | | - Sachiko Kondo
- Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS), National Institutes of Natural Sciences
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University
| | - Hirokazu Yagi
- Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS), National Institutes of Natural Sciences
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University
| | - Takayuki Uchihashi
- Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS), National Institutes of Natural Sciences
- Department of Physics and Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Nagoya University
| | - Koichi Kato
- Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS), National Institutes of Natural Sciences
- Institute for Molecular Science (IMS), National Institutes of Natural Sciences
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University
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38
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Chen NY, Lin CW, Lai TY, Wu CY, Liao PC, Hsu TL, Wong CH. Increased expression of SSEA-4 on TKI-resistant non-small cell lung cancer with EGFR-T790M mutation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2313397121. [PMID: 38252815 PMCID: PMC10835044 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2313397121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), a major life-threatening disease accounting for 85% of all lung cancer cases, has been treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), but often resulted in drug resistance, and approximately 60% of TKI-resistant cases are due to acquired secondary (epithelial growth factor receptor) EGFR-T790M mutation. To identify alternative targets for TKI-resistant NSCLC with EGFR-T790M mutation, we found that the three globo-series glycosphingolipids are increasingly expressed on this type of NSCLC cell lines, and among them, the increase of stage-specific embryonic antigen-4 (SSEA-4) expression is the most significant. Compared to TKI-sensitive cell lines, SSEA-4 and the key enzyme β3GalT5 responsible for the synthesis of SSEA3 are more expressed in TKI-resistant NSCLC cell lines with EGFR-T790M mutation, and the expression levels strongly correlate with poor survival in patients with EGFR mutation. In addition, we demonstrated that a SSEA-4 targeted monoclonal antibody, especially the homogeneous glycoform with well-defined Fc glycan designed to improve effective functions, is highly effective against this subpopulation of NSCLC in cell-based and animal studies. These findings provide a direction for the prediction of tumor recurrence and treatment of TKI-resistant NSCLC with EGFR-T790M mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nai-Yu Chen
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei11529, Taiwan
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei11221, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wei Lin
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, China Medical University, Taichung406040, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung406040, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Yen Lai
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei11529, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Yi Wu
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei11529, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chi Liao
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, China Medical University, Taichung406040, Taiwan
| | - Tsui-Ling Hsu
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei11529, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Huey Wong
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei11529, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA92037
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39
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Pan Q, Xie Y, Zhang Y, Guo X, Wang J, Liu M, Zhang XL. EGFR core fucosylation, induced by hepatitis C virus, promotes TRIM40-mediated-RIG-I ubiquitination and suppresses interferon-I antiviral defenses. Nat Commun 2024; 15:652. [PMID: 38253527 PMCID: PMC10803816 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-44960-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Aberrant N-glycosylation has been implicated in viral diseases. Alpha-(1,6)-fucosyltransferase (FUT8) is the sole enzyme responsible for core fucosylation of N-glycans during glycoprotein biosynthesis. Here we find that multiple viral envelope proteins, including Hepatitis C Virus (HCV)-E2, Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV)-G, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-Spike and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-gp120, enhance FUT8 expression and core fucosylation. HCV-E2 manipulates host transcription factor SNAIL to induce FUT8 expression through EGFR-AKT-SNAIL activation. The aberrant increased-FUT8 expression promotes TRIM40-mediated RIG-I K48-ubiquitination and suppresses the antiviral interferon (IFN)-I response through core fucosylated-EGFR-JAK1-STAT3-RIG-I signaling. FUT8 inhibitor 2FF, N-glycosylation site-specific mutation (Q352AT) of EGFR, and tissue-targeted Fut8 silencing significantly increase antiviral IFN-I responses and suppress RNA viral replication, suggesting that core fucosylation mediated by FUT8 is critical for antiviral innate immunity. These findings reveal an immune evasion mechanism in which virus-induced FUT8 suppresses endogenous RIG-I-mediated antiviral defenses by enhancing core fucosylated EGFR-mediated activation.
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Grants
- This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (82230078, 22077097, 91740120, 82272978, 21572173 and 21721005), National Outstanding Youth Foundation of China (81025008), National Key R&D Program of China (2022YFA1303500, 2018YFA0507603), Medical Science Advancement Program (Basical Medical Sciences) of Wuhan University (TFJC 2018002.), Key R&D Program of Hubei Province (2020BCB020), the Hubei Province&#x2019;s Outstanding Medical Academic Leader Program (523-276003), the Innovative Group Project of Hubei Health Committee (WJ2021C002), the Foundational Research Funds for the Central University of China (2042022dx0003, 2042023kf1011) and Natural Science Foundation Project of Hubei Province (2021CFB484), Natural Science Foundation Project of Hubei Province (2021CFB484 to M.L).
- This work was supported by grants from the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province (2021CFB484), National Natural Science Foundation of China 82272978
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, and Department of Immunology, Wuhan University TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, and Department of Immunology, Wuhan University TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, and Department of Immunology, Wuhan University TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xinqi Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, and Department of Immunology, Wuhan University TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, and Department of Immunology, Wuhan University TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Min Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, and Department of Immunology, Wuhan University TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan, 430071, China.
| | - Xiao-Lian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, and Department of Immunology, Wuhan University TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan, 430071, China.
- Department of Allergy, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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40
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Kumar M, Jalota A, Sahu SK, Haque S. Therapeutic antibodies for the prevention and treatment of cancer. J Biomed Sci 2024; 31:6. [PMID: 38216921 PMCID: PMC10787459 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-024-00996-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The developments of antibodies for cancer therapeutics have made remarkable success in recent years. There are multiple factors contributing to the success of the biological molecule including origin of the antibody, isotype, affinity, avidity and mechanism of action. With better understanding of mechanism of cancer progression and immune manipulation, recombinant formats of antibodies are used to develop therapeutic modalities for manipulating the immune cells of patients by targeting specific molecules to control the disease. These molecules have been successful in minimizing the side effects instead caused by small molecules or systemic chemotherapy but because of the developing therapeutic resistance against these antibodies, combination therapy is thought to be the best bet for patient care. Here, in this review, we have discussed different aspects of antibodies in cancer therapy affecting their efficacy and mechanism of resistance with some relevant examples of the most studied molecules approved by the US FDA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukesh Kumar
- Department of Medical Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA.
| | - Akansha Jalota
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Sushil Kumar Sahu
- Department of Zoology, Siksha-Bhavana, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, West Bengal, India
| | - Shabirul Haque
- Center of Autoimmune Musculoskeletal and Hematopoietic Disease, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA.
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41
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Damelang T, Brinkhaus M, van Osch TLJ, Schuurman J, Labrijn AF, Rispens T, Vidarsson G. Impact of structural modifications of IgG antibodies on effector functions. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1304365. [PMID: 38259472 PMCID: PMC10800522 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1304365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies are a critical component of the adaptive immune system, binding to and neutralizing pathogens and other foreign substances. Recent advances in molecular antibody biology and structural protein engineering enabled the modification of IgG antibodies to enhance their therapeutic potential. This review summarizes recent progress in both natural and engineered structural modifications of IgG antibodies, including allotypic variation, glycosylation, Fc engineering, and Fc gamma receptor binding optimization. We discuss the functional consequences of these modifications to highlight their potential for therapeutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timon Damelang
- Sanquin Research, Department of Experimental Immunohematology and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Sanquin Research, Department of Immunopathology, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences and Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Department of Antibody Research & Technologies’, Genmab, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Maximilian Brinkhaus
- Sanquin Research, Department of Experimental Immunohematology and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences and Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Thijs L. J. van Osch
- Sanquin Research, Department of Experimental Immunohematology and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences and Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Janine Schuurman
- Department of Antibody Research & Technologies’, Genmab, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Aran F. Labrijn
- Department of Antibody Research & Technologies’, Genmab, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Theo Rispens
- Sanquin Research, Department of Immunopathology, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Gestur Vidarsson
- Sanquin Research, Department of Experimental Immunohematology and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences and Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
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42
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Xu X, Fukuda T, Takai J, Morii S, Sun Y, Liu J, Ohno S, Isaji T, Yamaguchi Y, Nakano M, Moriguchi T, Gu J. Exogenous l-fucose attenuates neuroinflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:105513. [PMID: 38042483 PMCID: PMC10772726 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023] Open
Abstract
α1,6-Fucosyltransferase (Fut8) catalyzes the transfer of fucose to the innermost GlcNAc residue of N-glycan to form core fucosylation. Our previous studies showed that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment highly induced neuroinflammation in Fut8 homozygous KO (Fut8-/-) or heterozygous KO (Fut8+/-) mice, compared with the WT (Fut8+/+) mice. To understand the underlying mechanism, we utilized a sensitive inflammation-monitoring mouse system that contains the human interleukin-6 (hIL6) bacterial artificial chromosome transgene modified with luciferase (Luc) reporter cassette. We successfully detected LPS-induced neuroinflammation in the central nervous system by exploiting this bacterial artificial chromosome transgenic monitoring system. Then we examined the effects of l-fucose on neuroinflammation in the Fut8+/- mice. The lectin blot and mass spectrometry analysis showed that l-fucose preadministration increased the core fucosylation levels in the Fut8+/- mice. Notably, exogenous l-fucose attenuated the LPS-induced IL-6 mRNA and Luc mRNA expression in the cerebral tissues, confirmed using the hIL6-Luc bioluminescence imaging system. The activation of microglial cells, which provoke neuroinflammatory responses upon LPS stimulation, was inhibited by l-fucose preadministration. l-Fucose also suppressed the downstream intracellular signaling of IL-6, such as the phosphorylation levels of JAK2 (Janus kinase 2), Akt (protein kinase B), and STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3). l-Fucose administration increased gp130 core fucosylation levels and decreased the association of gp130 with the IL-6 receptor in Fut8+/- mice, which was further confirmed in BV-2 cells. These results indicate that l-fucose administration ameliorates the LPS-induced neuroinflammation in the Fut8+/- mice, suggesting that core fucosylation plays a vital role in anti-inflammation and that l-fucose is a potential prophylactic compound against neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Xu
- Division of Regulatory Glycobiology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Fukuda
- Division of Regulatory Glycobiology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Jun Takai
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Sayaka Morii
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yuhan Sun
- Division of Regulatory Glycobiology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Jianwei Liu
- Division of Regulatory Glycobiology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Shiho Ohno
- Division of Structural Glycobiology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Tomoya Isaji
- Division of Regulatory Glycobiology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Yamaguchi
- Division of Structural Glycobiology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Miyako Nakano
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takashi Moriguchi
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Jianguo Gu
- Division of Regulatory Glycobiology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
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43
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Kogelmann B, Melnik S, Bogner M, Kallolimath S, Stöger E, Sun L, Strasser R, D'Aoust MA, Lavoie PO, Saxena P, Gach JS, Steinkellner H. A genome-edited N. benthamiana line for industrial-scale production of recombinant glycoproteins with targeted N-glycosylation. Biotechnol J 2024; 19:e2300323. [PMID: 37804142 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202300323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Control over glycosylation is an important quality parameter in recombinant protein production. Here, we demonstrate the generation of a marker-free genome edited Nicotiana benthamiana N-glycosylation mutant (NbXF-KO) carrying inactivated β1,2-xylosyltransferase and α1,3-fucosyltransferase genes. The knockout of seven genes and their stable inheritance was confirmed by DNA sequencing. Mass spectrometric analyses showed the synthesis of N-glycans devoid of plant-specific β1,2-xylose and core α 1,3-fucose on endogenous proteins and a series of recombinantly expressed glycoproteins with different complexities. Further transient glycan engineering towards more diverse human-type N-glycans resulted in the production of recombinant proteins decorated with β1,4-galactosylated and α2,6-sialylated structures, respectively. Notably, a monoclonal antibody expressed in the NbXF-KO displayed glycosylation-dependent activities. Collectively, the engineered plants grow normally and are well suited for upscaling, thereby meeting industrial and regulatory requirements for the production of high-quality therapeutic proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Kogelmann
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
- acib - Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stanislav Melnik
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
- acib - Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michaela Bogner
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Somanath Kallolimath
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Eva Stöger
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lin Sun
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Richard Strasser
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | | | - Johannes S Gach
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Herta Steinkellner
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
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44
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Wang Q, Aliyu L, Chung CY, Rosenberg JN, Yu G, Betenbaugh MJ. Application of the CRISPR/Cas9 Gene Editing Method for Modulating Antibody Fucosylation in CHO Cells. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2810:249-271. [PMID: 38926284 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3878-1_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Genetic engineering plays an essential role in the development of cell lines for biopharmaceutical manufacturing. Advanced gene editing tools can improve both the productivity of recombinant cell lines as well as the quality of therapeutic antibodies. Antibody glycosylation is a critical quality attribute for therapeutic biologics because the glycan patterns on the antibody fragment crystallizable (Fc) region can alter its clinical efficacy and safety as a therapeutic drug. As an example, recombinant antibodies derived from Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells are generally highly fucosylated; the absence of α1,6-fucose significantly enhances antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against cancer cells. This chapter describes a protocol applying clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) approach with different formats to disrupt the α-1,6-fucosyltransferase (FUT8) gene and subsequently inhibit α-1,6 fucosylation on antibodies expressed in CHO cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lateef Aliyu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Cheng-Yu Chung
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Julian N Rosenberg
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Geng Yu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michael J Betenbaugh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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45
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Wang X, Shi L, Wang Y, Chen J, Yang Z, Liu C, Liu X, Li Y, Zhang C, Sun A, Yan H, Sun H. Effects of the glycosylation of the receptor binding domain (RBD dimer)-based Covid-19 vaccine (ZF2001) on its humoral immunogenicity and immunoreactivity. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126874. [PMID: 37709229 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 spike protein receptor-binding domain (RBD), which is a key target for the development of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies and vaccines, mediates the binding of the host receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). However, the high heterogeneity of RBD glycoforms may lead to an incomplete neutralization effect and impact the immunogenicity of RBD-based vaccines (Ye et al., 2021). Here, our data suggested that the glycosylation significantly affected the humoral immunogenicity and immunoreactivity of the RBD-dimer-based Covid-19 vaccine (ZF2001) (Yang et al., 2021). Several deglycosylated types of ZF2001 (with sialic acid removed (ZF2001-ΔSA), sialic acid & O-glycans removed (ZF2001-ΔSA&O), N-glycans removed (ZF2001-ΔN), N- & O-glycans removed (ZF2001-ΔN&O)) were obtained by treatment with glycosidases. The binding affinity between deglycosylated types of ZF2001 and ACE2 was slightly weakened and that between deglycosylated types of ZF2001 and several monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) were also changed compared with ZF2001. The results of pseudovirus neutralization assay and binding affinity assay of all ZF2001 types revealed that the antigens with complex glycosylation had better humoral immunogenicity and immunoreactivity. Molecular dynamics simulation indicated that the more complex glycosylation of RBD corresponded to more hydrogen bonds formed between helper T-cell epitopes of RBD and major histocompatibility complex II (MHC-II). In summary, these results demonstrated that the glycosylation of RBD affects antigen presentation, humoral immunogenicity and immunoreactivity, which may be an important consideration for vaccine design and production technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Institute for Vaccine Research and Modern Virology Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei Province, China
| | - Lulu Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Institute for Vaccine Research and Modern Virology Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yirong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Institute for Vaccine Research and Modern Virology Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jia Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Institute for Vaccine Research and Modern Virology Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei Province, China
| | - Zelan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Institute for Vaccine Research and Modern Virology Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei Province, China
| | - Chenglong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Institute for Vaccine Research and Modern Virology Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xiaomei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Institute for Vaccine Research and Modern Virology Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Institute for Vaccine Research and Modern Virology Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei Province, China
| | - Can Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Institute for Vaccine Research and Modern Virology Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei Province, China
| | - Anhui Sun
- Anhui Zhifei Longcom Biopharmaceutical, Hefei, China
| | - Huan Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Institute for Vaccine Research and Modern Virology Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei Province, China.
| | - Hui Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Institute for Vaccine Research and Modern Virology Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei Province, China; Hubei Province key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei Province, China.
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46
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Díaz de león JSA, Aguilar I, Barb AW. Macrophage N-glycan processing inhibits antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis. Glycobiology 2023; 33:1182-1192. [PMID: 37792857 PMCID: PMC10876040 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwad078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Factors regulating macrophage effector function represent potential targets to optimize the efficacy of antibody-mediated therapies. Macrophages are myeloid cells capable of engulfing and destroying diseased or damaged target cells. Antibodies binding to the target cell surface can engage macrophage Fc gamma receptors (FcγRs) to elicit antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP), a process that contributes to treatments mediated by anti-tumor antibodies. Conversely, macrophage ADCP of apoptotic T cells is also linked to tolerance in the tumor environment. Here we evaluated the role of asparagine(N)-linked glycans in the function of macrophages derived from primary human monocytes. Macrophages treated with kifunensine, an inhibitor of N-glycan processing, exhibited greater target binding and ADCP of antibody-coated target cells. Kifunensine treatment increased ADCP of both rituximab-coated Raji B cells and trastuzumab-coated SKBR3 cells. ADCP required FcγRs; inhibiting CD64 / FcγRI led to the greatest reduction, followed by CD32 / FcγRII and then CD16 / FcγRIII in most donors. Kifunensine treatment also increased the antibody-binding affinity of CD16. Differences in the abundance of phosphorylated immune receptors, including Siglec-9, CD32a, and LAIR-1 correlated with the increased ADCP. These results demonstrate that N-glycan processing regulates macrophage effector function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús S Aguilar Díaz de león
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, 120 E. Green St, Athens, GA 30602, United States
| | - Isaac Aguilar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, 120 E. Green St, Athens, GA 30602, United States
| | - Adam W Barb
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, 120 E. Green St, Athens, GA 30602, United States
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Rd, Athens, GA 30602, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, 120 E. Green St, Athens, GA 30602, United States
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47
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Frkatović-Hodžić A, Mijakovac A, Miškec K, Nostaeva A, Sharapov SZ, Landini A, Haller T, van den Akker E, Sharma S, Cuadrat RRC, Mangino M, Li Y, Keser T, Rudman N, Štambuk T, Pučić-Baković M, Trbojević-Akmačić I, Gudelj I, Štambuk J, Pribić T, Radovani B, Tominac P, Fischer K, Beekman M, Wuhrer M, Gieger C, Schulze MB, Wittenbecher C, Polasek O, Hayward C, Wilson JF, Spector TD, Köttgen A, Vučković F, Aulchenko YS, Vojta A, Krištić J, Klarić L, Zoldoš V, Lauc G. Mapping of the gene network that regulates glycan clock of ageing. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:14509-14552. [PMID: 38149987 PMCID: PMC10781487 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Glycans are an essential structural component of immunoglobulin G (IgG) that modulate its structure and function. However, regulatory mechanisms behind this complex posttranslational modification are not well known. Previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identified 29 genomic regions involved in regulation of IgG glycosylation, but only a few were functionally validated. One of the key functional features of IgG glycosylation is the addition of galactose (galactosylation), a trait which was shown to be associated with ageing. We performed GWAS of IgG galactosylation (N=13,705) and identified 16 significantly associated loci, indicating that IgG galactosylation is regulated by a complex network of genes that extends beyond the galactosyltransferase enzyme that adds galactose to IgG glycans. Gene prioritization identified 37 candidate genes. Using a recently developed CRISPR/dCas9 system we manipulated gene expression of candidate genes in the in vitro IgG expression system. Upregulation of three genes, EEF1A1, MANBA and TNFRSF13B, changed the IgG glycome composition, which confirmed that these three genes are involved in IgG galactosylation in this in vitro expression system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anika Mijakovac
- Department of Biology, Division of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Karlo Miškec
- Department of Biology, Division of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Arina Nostaeva
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Applied Functional Genomics, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Sodbo Z. Sharapov
- MSU Institute for Artificial Intelligence, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Arianna Landini
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Toomas Haller
- Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Erik van den Akker
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Pattern Recognition and Bioinformatics, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Sapna Sharma
- Research Unit Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Rafael R. C. Cuadrat
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München –Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt (GmbH), Munich, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Massimo Mangino
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College London, London, UK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy’s and St Thomas’ Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Yong Li
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Toma Keser
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Najda Rudman
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | | | | | - Ivan Gudelj
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Jerko Štambuk
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tea Pribić
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Barbara Radovani
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Petra Tominac
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Krista Fischer
- Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Institute of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Marian Beekman
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Manfred Wuhrer
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Christian Gieger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München –Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt (GmbH), Munich, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Matthias B. Schulze
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Clemens Wittenbecher
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- SciLifeLab, Division of Food and Nutrition Science, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ozren Polasek
- University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
- Algebra University College, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Caroline Hayward
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - James F. Wilson
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Tim D. Spector
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Anna Köttgen
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | | | - Yurii S. Aulchenko
- MSU Institute for Artificial Intelligence, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Aleksandar Vojta
- Department of Biology, Division of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Lucija Klarić
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Vlatka Zoldoš
- Department of Biology, Division of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Gordan Lauc
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Zagreb, Croatia
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
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48
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Huang HW, Shivatare VS, Tseng TH, Wong CH. Cell-based production of Fc-GlcNAc and Fc-alpha-2,6 sialyl glycan enriched antibody with improved effector functions through glycosylation pathway engineering. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.18.572280. [PMID: 38187613 PMCID: PMC10769250 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.18.572280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Glycosylation of antibody plays an important role in Fc-mediated killing of tumor cells and virus-infected cells through effector functions such as antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), antibody dependent cell-mediated phagocytosis (ADCP) and vaccinal effect. Previous studies showed that therapeutical humanized antibodies with α2-6 sialyl complex type (SCT) glycan attached to Fc-Asn297 exhibited optimal binding to the Fc receptors on effector cells associated with ADCC, ADCP and vaccinal effect. However, the production of antibodies with homogeneous Fc-SCT needs multiple in vitro enzymatic and purification steps. In this study, we report two different approaches to shorten the processes to produce SCT-enriched antibodies. First, we expressed a bacterial endoglycosidase in GNT1-KO EXPI293 cells to trim all N -glycans to mono-GlcNAc glycoforms for in vitro transglycosylation to generate homogeneous SCT antibody. Second, we engineered the glycosylation pathway of HEK293 cells through knockout of the undesired glycosyltransferases and expression of the desired glycosyltransferases to produce SCT enriched antibodies with similar binding affinity to Fc receptors and ADCC activity to homogenous SCT antibody.
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49
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McIntyre S, Warner J, Rush C, Vanderven HA. Antibodies as clinical tools for tuberculosis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1278947. [PMID: 38162666 PMCID: PMC10755875 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1278947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Global research efforts to improve TB control are hindered by insufficient understanding of the role that antibodies play in protective immunity and pathogenesis. This impacts knowledge of rational and optimal vaccine design, appropriate diagnostic biomarkers, and development of therapeutics. Traditional approaches for the prevention and diagnosis of TB may be less efficacious in high prevalence, remote, and resource-poor settings. An improved understanding of the immune response to the causative agent of TB, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), will be crucial for developing better vaccines, therapeutics, and diagnostics. While memory CD4+ T cells and cells and cytokine interferon gamma (IFN-g) have been the main identified correlates of protection in TB, mounting evidence suggests that other types of immunity may also have important roles. TB serology has identified antibodies and functional characteristics that may help diagnose Mtb infection and distinguish between different TB disease states. To date, no serological tests meet the World Health Organization (WHO) requirements for TB diagnosis, but multiplex assays show promise for improving the sensitivity and specificity of TB serodiagnosis. Monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapies and serum passive infusion studies in murine models of TB have also demonstrated some protective outcomes. However, animal models that better reflect the human immune response to Mtb are necessary to fully assess the clinical utility of antibody-based TB prophylactics and therapeutics. Candidate TB vaccines are not designed to elicit an Mtb-specific antibody response, but evidence suggests BCG and novel TB vaccines may induce protective Mtb antibodies. The potential of the humoral immune response in TB monitoring and control is being investigated and these studies provide important insight into the functional role of antibody-mediated immunity against TB. In this review, we describe the current state of development of antibody-based clinical tools for TB, with a focus on diagnostic, therapeutic, and vaccine-based applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie McIntyre
- Biomedical Sciences and Molecular Biology, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Douglas, QLD, Australia
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Douglas, QLD, Australia
| | - Jeffrey Warner
- Biomedical Sciences and Molecular Biology, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Douglas, QLD, Australia
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Douglas, QLD, Australia
| | - Catherine Rush
- Biomedical Sciences and Molecular Biology, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Douglas, QLD, Australia
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Douglas, QLD, Australia
| | - Hillary A. Vanderven
- Biomedical Sciences and Molecular Biology, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Douglas, QLD, Australia
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Douglas, QLD, Australia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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50
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Dufva O, Gandolfi S, Huuhtanen J, Dashevsky O, Duàn H, Saeed K, Klievink J, Nygren P, Bouhlal J, Lahtela J, Näätänen A, Ghimire BR, Hannunen T, Ellonen P, Lähteenmäki H, Rumm P, Theodoropoulos J, Laajala E, Härkönen J, Pölönen P, Heinäniemi M, Hollmén M, Yamano S, Shirasaki R, Barbie DA, Roth JA, Romee R, Sheffer M, Lähdesmäki H, Lee DA, De Matos Simoes R, Kankainen M, Mitsiades CS, Mustjoki S. Single-cell functional genomics reveals determinants of sensitivity and resistance to natural killer cells in blood cancers. Immunity 2023; 56:2816-2835.e13. [PMID: 38091953 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cells can evade natural killer (NK) cell activity, thereby limiting anti-tumor immunity. To reveal genetic determinants of susceptibility to NK cell activity, we examined interacting NK cells and blood cancer cells using single-cell and genome-scale functional genomics screens. Interaction of NK and cancer cells induced distinct activation and type I interferon (IFN) states in both cell types depending on the cancer cell lineage and molecular phenotype, ranging from more sensitive myeloid to less sensitive B-lymphoid cancers. CRISPR screens in cancer cells uncovered genes regulating sensitivity and resistance to NK cell-mediated killing, including adhesion-related glycoproteins, protein fucosylation genes, and transcriptional regulators, in addition to confirming the importance of antigen presentation and death receptor signaling pathways. CRISPR screens with a single-cell transcriptomic readout provided insight into underlying mechanisms, including regulation of IFN-γ signaling in cancer cells and NK cell activation states. Our findings highlight the diversity of mechanisms influencing NK cell susceptibility across different cancers and provide a resource for NK cell-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olli Dufva
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sara Gandolfi
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Jani Huuhtanen
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Department of Computer Science, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Olga Dashevsky
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Ludwig Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Hanna Duàn
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Khalid Saeed
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jay Klievink
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Petra Nygren
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jonas Bouhlal
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jenni Lahtela
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anna Näätänen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Bishwa R Ghimire
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tiina Hannunen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pekka Ellonen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hanna Lähteenmäki
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pauliina Rumm
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jason Theodoropoulos
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Essi Laajala
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jouni Härkönen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Petri Pölönen
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Merja Heinäniemi
- Faculty of Health Sciences, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Maija Hollmén
- Medicity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Shizuka Yamano
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Ludwig Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Ryosuke Shirasaki
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Ludwig Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - David A Barbie
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Ludwig Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Jennifer A Roth
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Rizwan Romee
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Ludwig Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Michal Sheffer
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Ludwig Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Harri Lähdesmäki
- Department of Computer Science, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Dean A Lee
- Hematology/Oncology/BMT, Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | - Ricardo De Matos Simoes
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Ludwig Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Matti Kankainen
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Laboratory of Genetics, HUS Diagnostic Center, Hospital District of Helsinki and Uusima (HUS), 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Constantine S Mitsiades
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Ludwig Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
| | - Satu Mustjoki
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, 00290 Helsinki, Finland.
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