1
|
Dongol A, Xie Y, Zheng P, Chen X, Huang XF. Olanzapine attenuates amyloid-β-induced microglia-mediated progressive neurite lesions. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 137:112469. [PMID: 38908083 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
The accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) in the brain is the first pathological mechanism to initiate Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. However, the precise role of Aβ in the disease progression remains unclear. Through decades of research, prolonged inflammation has emerged as an important core pathology in AD. Previously, a study has demonstrated the neurotoxic effect of Aβ-induced neuroinflammation in neuron-glia co-culture at 72 h. Here, we hypothesise that initial stage Aβ may trigger microglial inflammation, synergistically contributing to the progression of neurite lesions relevant to AD progression. In the present study, we aimed to determine whether olanzapine, an antipsychotic drug possessing anti-inflammatory properties, can ameliorate Aβ-induced progressive neurite lesions. Our study reports that Aβ induces neurite lesions with or without inflammatory microglial cells in vitro. More intriguingly, the present study revealed that Aβ exacerbates neurite lesions in synergy with microglia. Moreover, the time course study revealed that Aβ promotes microglia-mediated neurite lesions by eliciting the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, our study shows that olanzapine at lower doses prevents Aβ-induced microglia-mediated progressive neurite lesions. The increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines induced by Aβ is attenuated by olanzapine administration, associated with a reduction in microglial inflammation. Finally, this study reports that microglial senescence induced by Aβ was rescued by olanzapine. Thus, our study provides the first evidence that 1 µM to 5 µM of olanzapine can effectively prevent Aβ-induced microglia-mediated progressive neurite lesions by modulating microglial inflammation. These observations reinforce the potential of targeting microglial remodelling to slow disease progression in AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anjila Dongol
- School of Medical, Indigenous and Health Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Yuanyi Xie
- School of Medical, Indigenous and Health Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Peng Zheng
- School of Medical, Indigenous and Health Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Xi Chen
- School of Medical, Indigenous and Health Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Xu-Feng Huang
- School of Medical, Indigenous and Health Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, NSW 2522, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Haque R, Alam K, Gow J, Neville C, Keramat SA. Age and Gender Differences in the Relationship Between Chronic Pain and Dementia Among Older Australians. VALUE IN HEALTH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR PHARMACOECONOMICS AND OUTCOMES RESEARCH 2024:S1098-3015(24)02805-5. [PMID: 39127253 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2024.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Chronic pain is a highly debilitating condition that affects older adults and has the potential to increase their odds of experiencing cognitive impairment. The primary objective of this study was to examine the correlation between chronic pain and dementia. Additionally, this research endeavors to ascertain whether the association between chronic pain and dementia differs by age and gender. METHODS Cross-sectional data were derived from the Survey of Disability, Ageing, and Carers. A total of 20 671 and 20 081 participants aged 65 years and older in 2015 and 2018, respectively, were included in this study. The pooled association between chronic pain and dementia was assessed using a multivariable logistic regression model. Furthermore, the study also examined the multiplicative interaction effects between chronic pain and age, as well as chronic pain and gender, with dementia. RESULTS The pooled analysis demonstrated that chronic pain was associated with a heightened odds of dementia (adjusted odds ratio 1.95; 95% CI 1.85-2.05) among older Australians compared with their counterparts without chronic pain. The interaction effect indicated that individuals with chronic pain across all age groups exhibited increased odds of living with dementia. Additionally, women with chronic pain had higher odds of dementia compared with their counterparts without chronic pain and being male. CONCLUSIONS A continuous, coordinated, and tailored healthcare strategy is necessary to determine the pain management goals and explore early treatment options for chronic pain in older adults, particularly in groups with the greatest need.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rezwanul Haque
- School of Business, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Khorshed Alam
- School of Business, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia; Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jeff Gow
- School of Business, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia; Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia; School of Accounting, Economics and Finance, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Christine Neville
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Syed Afroz Keramat
- Centre for Health Services Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ziaunys M, Sulskis D, Mikalauskaite K, Sakalauskas A, Snieckute R, Smirnovas V. S100A9 inhibits and redirects prion protein 89-230 fragment amyloid aggregation. Arch Biochem Biophys 2024; 758:110087. [PMID: 38977154 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2024.110087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Protein aggregation in the form of amyloid fibrils has long been associated with the onset and development of various amyloidoses, including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's or prion diseases. Recent studies of their fibril formation process have revealed that amyloidogenic protein cross-interactions may impact aggregation pathways and kinetic parameters, as well as the structure of the resulting aggregates. Despite a growing number of reports exploring this type of interaction, they only cover just a small number of possible amyloidogenic protein pairings. One such pair is between two neurodegeneration-associated proteins: the pro-inflammatory S100A9 and prion protein, which are known to co-localize in vivo. In this study, we examined their cross-interaction in vitro and discovered that the fibrillar form of S100A9 modulated the aggregation pathway of mouse prion protein 89-230 fragment, while non-aggregated S100A9 also significantly inhibited its primary nucleation process. These results complement previous observations of the pro-inflammatory protein's role in amyloid aggregation and highlight its potential role against neurodegenerative disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mantas Ziaunys
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, LT-10257, Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - Darius Sulskis
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, LT-10257, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Kamile Mikalauskaite
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, LT-10257, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Andrius Sakalauskas
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, LT-10257, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Ruta Snieckute
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, LT-10257, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Vytautas Smirnovas
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, LT-10257, Vilnius, Lithuania
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Morales J, Gabriel N, Natarajan L, LaCroix AZ, Shadyab AH, Xu R, Silverman J, Feldman HH, Hernandez I. Pharmacoepidemiology evaluation of bumetanide as a potential candidate for drug repurposing for Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Dement 2024; 20:5236-5246. [PMID: 39030734 PMCID: PMC11350022 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bumetanide, a loop diuretic, was identified as a candidate drug for repurposing for Alzheimer's disease (AD) based on its effects on transcriptomic apolipoprotein E signatures. Cross-sectional analyses of electronic health records suggest that bumetanide is associated with decreased prevalence of AD; however, temporality between bumetanide exposure and AD development has not been established. METHODS We evaluated Medicare claims data using Cox proportional hazards regression to evaluate the association between time-dependent use of bumetanide and time to first AD diagnosis while controlling for patient characteristics. Multiple sensitivity analyses were conducted to test the robustness of the findings. RESULTS We sampled 833,561 Medicare beneficiaries, 60.8% female, with mean (standard deviation) age of 70.4 (12). Bumetanide use was not significantly associated with AD risk (hazard ratio 1.05; 95% confidence interval, 0.99-1.10). DISCUSSION Using a nationwide dataset and a retrospective cohort study design, we were not able to identify a time-dependent effect of bumetanide lowering AD risk. HIGHLIGHTS Bumetanide was identified as a candidate for repurposing for Alzheimer's disease (AD). We evaluated the association between bumetanide use and risk of AD. We used Medicare data and accounted for duration of bumetanide use. Bumetanide use was not significantly associated with risk of AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine Morales
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health & Human Longevity ScienceUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Nico Gabriel
- Division of Clinical PharmacySkaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Loki Natarajan
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health & Human Longevity ScienceUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Andrea Z. LaCroix
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health & Human Longevity ScienceUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Aladdin H. Shadyab
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health & Human Longevity ScienceUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
- Division of Geriatrics, Gerontology, and Palliative CareDepartment of MedicineUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Ronghui Xu
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health & Human Longevity ScienceUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
- Department of MathematicsUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
- Halicioglu Data Science InstituteUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - James Silverman
- Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative StudyUniversity of CaliforniaSan Diego, School of MedicineLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Howard H. Feldman
- Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative StudyUniversity of CaliforniaSan Diego, School of MedicineLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
- Department of NeurosciencesUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Inmaculada Hernandez
- Division of Clinical PharmacySkaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lorenzini L, Collij LE, Tesi N, Vilor-Tejedor N, Ingala S, Blennow K, Foley C, Frisoni GB, Haller S, Holstege H, van der van der Lee S, Martinez-Lage P, Marioni RE, McCartney DL, O' Brien J, Oliveira TG, Payoux P, Reinders M, Ritchie C, Scheltens P, Schwarz AJ, Sudre CH, Waldman AD, Wolz R, Chatelat G, Ewers M, Wink AM, Mutsaerts HJMM, Gispert JD, Visser PJ, Tijms BM, Altmann A, Barkhof F. Alzheimer's disease genetic pathways impact cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers and imaging endophenotypes in non-demented individuals. Alzheimers Dement 2024. [PMID: 39073684 DOI: 10.1002/alz.14096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Unraveling how Alzheimer's disease (AD) genetic risk is related to neuropathological heterogeneity, and whether this occurs through specific biological pathways, is a key step toward precision medicine. METHODS We computed pathway-specific genetic risk scores (GRSs) in non-demented individuals and investigated how AD risk variants predict cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and imaging biomarkers reflecting AD pathology, cardiovascular, white matter integrity, and brain connectivity. RESULTS CSF amyloidbeta and phosphorylated tau were related to most GRSs. Inflammatory pathways were associated with cerebrovascular disease, whereas quantitative measures of white matter lesion and microstructure integrity were predicted by clearance and migration pathways. Functional connectivity alterations were related to genetic variants involved in signal transduction and synaptic communication. DISCUSSION This study reveals distinct genetic risk profiles in association with specific pathophysiological aspects in predementia stages of AD, unraveling the biological substrates of the heterogeneity of AD-associated endophenotypes and promoting a step forward in disease understanding and development of personalized therapies. HIGHLIGHTS Polygenic risk for Alzheimer's disease encompasses six biological pathways that can be quantified with pathway-specific genetic risk scores, and differentially relate to cerebrospinal fluid and imaging biomarkers. Inflammatory pathways are mostly related to cerebrovascular burden. White matter health is associated with pathways of clearance and membrane integrity, whereas functional connectivity measures are related to signal transduction and synaptic communication pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Lorenzini
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Brain Imaging, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lyduine E Collij
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Brain Imaging, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Niccoló Tesi
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Brain Imaging, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Genomics of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Aging, Human Genetics, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Delft Bioinformatics Lab, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Natàlia Vilor-Tejedor
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Silvia Ingala
- Department of Radiology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Cerebriu A/S, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
| | | | - Giovanni B Frisoni
- Laboratory Alzheimer's Neuroimaging & Epidemiology, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
- University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sven Haller
- CIMC - Centre d'Imagerie Médicale de Cornavin, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Radiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Henne Holstege
- Genomics of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Aging, Human Genetics, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sven van der van der Lee
- Genomics of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Aging, Human Genetics, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pablo Martinez-Lage
- Centro de Investigación y Terapias Avanzadas, Neurología, CITA-Alzheimer Foundation, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Riccardo E Marioni
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Daniel L McCartney
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - John O' Brien
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tiago Gil Oliveira
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Pierre Payoux
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
- ToNIC, Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, University of Toulouse, Inserm, Toulouse, France
| | - Marcel Reinders
- Delft Bioinformatics Lab, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Craig Ritchie
- Edinburgh Dementia Prevention, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, Outpatient Department 2, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Brain Health Scotland, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Philip Scheltens
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Adam J Schwarz
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Carole H Sudre
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Centre for Medical Image Computing (CMIC), University College London (UCL), London, UK
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health & Ageing at UCL, University College London, London, UK
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Adam D Waldman
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Gael Chatelat
- Université de Normandie, Unicaen, Inserm, U1237, PhIND "Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders", institut Blood-and-Brain @ Caen-Normandie, Cyceron, Caen, France
| | - Michael Ewers
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
| | - Alle Meije Wink
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Brain Imaging, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henk J M M Mutsaerts
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Brain Imaging, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Ghent Institute for Functional and Metabolic Imaging (GIfMI), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Juan Domingo Gispert
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
- IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pieter Jelle Visser
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Alzheimer Center Limburg, Department of Psychiatry & Neuropsychology, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Betty M Tijms
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andre Altmann
- Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, UK
| | - Frederik Barkhof
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, University College London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Dreo J, Jug J, Pavlovčič T, Ogrin A, Demšar A, Aljaž B, Agatić F, Marusic U. Comparative Performance of Five Cognitive Screening Tests in a Large Sample of Seniors. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 2024:1-10. [PMID: 39008953 DOI: 10.1159/000540225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recent introductions of disease-modifying treatments for Alzheimer's disease have re-invigorated the cause of early dementia detection. Cognitive "paper and pencil" tests represent the bedrock of clinical assessment, because they are cheap, easy to perform, and do not require brain imaging or biological testing. Cognitive tests vary greatly in duration, complexity, sociolinguistic biases, probed cognitive domains, and their specificity and sensitivity of detecting cognitive impairment (CI). Consequently, an ecologically valid head-to-head comparison seems essential for evidence-based dementia screening. METHOD We compared five tests: Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA), Alzheimer's disease assessment scale-cognitive subscale (ADAS), Addenbrooke's cognitive examination (ACE-III), euro-coin handling test (Eurotest), and image identification test (Phototest) on a large sample of seniors (N = 456, 77.9 ± 8 years, 71% females). Their specificity and sensitivity were estimated in a novel way by contrasting each test's outcome to the majority outcome across the remaining tests (comparative specificity and sensitivity calculation [CSSC]). This obviates the need for an a priori gold standard such as a clinically clear-cut sample of dementia/MCI/controls. We posit that the CSSC results in a more ecologically valid estimation of clinical performance while precluding biases resulting from different dementia/MCI diagnostic criteria and the proficiency in detecting these conditions. RESULTS There exists a stark trade-off between behavioral test specificity and sensitivity. The test with the highest specificity had the lowest sensitivity, and vice versa. The comparative specificities and sensitivities were, respectively: Phototest (97%, 47%), Eurotest (94%, 55%), ADAS (90%, 68%), ACE-III (72%, 77%), MoCA (55%, 95%). CONCLUSION Assuming a CI prevalence of 10%, the shortest (∼3 min) and the simplest instrument, the Phototest, was shown to have the best overall performance (accuracy 92%, PPV 66%, NPV 94%).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jan Jug
- BrainTrip, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | | | | | - Barbara Aljaž
- BrainTrip, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Computer Science, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | - Uros Marusic
- Institute for Kinesiology Research, Science and Research Centre Koper, Koper, Slovenia
- Department of Health Sciences, Alma Mater Europaea University, Maribor, Slovenia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Lian P, Cai X, Wang C, Zhai H, Liu K, Yang X, Wu Y, Ma Z, Cao X, Xu Y. Identification and experimental validation of m7G-related molecular subtypes, immune signature, and feature genes in Alzheimer's disease. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33836. [PMID: 39027505 PMCID: PMC11255592 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Studies has shown that N7-methylguanosine (m7G) modification plays a critical role in neurological diseases. However, the exact role and association of m7G with the immune microenvironment in Alzheimer's disease (AD) remain largely unknown and unexplored. Methods The study datasets comprised 667 AD samples and 503 control samples selected from eight datasets in the Gene Expression Omnibus database; m7G regulator genes were obtained from previous literature. The AD subtypes were identified by consensus clustering analysis according to m7G regulator genes. The clinical characteristics, immune infiltration, and biological functions of the AD subgroups were evaluated. A combination of different types of machine-learning algorithms were used for the identification of AD genes. We also assessed and validated the diagnostic performance of the identified genes via qRT-PCR, immunofluorescence, and immunohistochemical analyses. Results Two AD distinct subgroups, namely cluster A and cluster B, were identified. Cluster A had poor pathological progression and immune infiltration, representing a high-risk subgroup for AD. The differentially expressed genes of cluster A were enriched in immune and synapse-related pathways, suggesting that these genes probably contribute to AD progression by regulating immune-related pathways. Additionally, five feature genes (AEBP1, CARTPT, AK5, NPTX2, and COPG2IT1) were identified, which were used to construct a nomogram model with good ability to predict AD. The animal experiment analyses further confirmed that these feature genes were associated with AD development. Conclusion To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to reveal close correlations among m7G RNA modification, the immune microenvironment, and the pathogenesis of AD. We also identified five feature genes associated with AD, further contributing to our understanding of the underlying mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets for AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Piaopiao Lian
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xing Cai
- Department of Oncology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Cailin Wang
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Heng Zhai
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ke Liu
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoman Yang
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Wu
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhuoran Ma
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuebing Cao
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Pizzirusso G, Preka E, Goikolea J, Aguilar-Ruiz C, Rodriguez-Rodriguez P, Vazquez-Cabrera G, Laterza S, Latorre-Leal M, Eroli F, Blomgren K, Maioli S, Nilsson P, Fragkopoulou A, Fisahn A, Arroyo-García LE. Dynamic microglia alterations associate with hippocampal network impairments: A turning point in amyloid pathology progression. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 119:286-300. [PMID: 38608739 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurological disorder causing memory loss and cognitive decline. The underlying causes of cognitive deterioration and neurodegeneration remain unclear, leading to a lack of effective strategies to prevent dementia. Recent evidence highlights the role of neuroinflammation, particularly involving microglia, in Alzheimer's disease onset and progression. Characterizing the initial phase of Alzheimer's disease can lead to the discovery of new biomarkers and therapeutic targets, facilitating timely interventions for effective treatments. We used the AppNL-G-F knock-in mouse model, which resembles the amyloid pathology and neuroinflammatory characteristics of Alzheimer's disease, to investigate the transition from a pre-plaque to an early plaque stage with a combined functional and molecular approach. Our experiments show a progressive decrease in the power of cognition-relevant hippocampal gamma oscillations during the early stage of amyloid pathology, together with a modification of fast-spiking interneuron intrinsic properties and postsynaptic input. Consistently, transcriptomic analyses revealed that these effects are accompanied by changes in synaptic function-associated pathways. Concurrently, homeostasis- and inflammatory-related microglia signature genes were downregulated. Moreover, we found a decrease in Iba1-positive microglia in the hippocampus that correlates with plaque aggregation and neuronal dysfunction. Collectively, these findings support the hypothesis that microglia play a protective role during the early stages of amyloid pathology by preventing plaque aggregation, supporting neuronal homeostasis, and overall preserving the oscillatory network's functionality. These results suggest that the early alteration of microglia dynamics could be a pivotal event in the progression of Alzheimer's disease, potentially triggering plaque deposition, impairment of fast-spiking interneurons, and the breakdown of the oscillatory circuitry in the hippocampus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giusy Pizzirusso
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden; Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Efthalia Preka
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Julen Goikolea
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Celia Aguilar-Ruiz
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Patricia Rodriguez-Rodriguez
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | | | - Simona Laterza
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Maria Latorre-Leal
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Francesca Eroli
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Klas Blomgren
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden; Pediatric Oncology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Silvia Maioli
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Per Nilsson
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | | | - André Fisahn
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
| | - Luis Enrique Arroyo-García
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden; Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Panigrahi P, Das S, Chakrabarti S. CCADD: An online webserver for Alzheimer's disease detection from brain MRI. Comput Biol Med 2024; 177:108622. [PMID: 38781645 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.108622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) imposes a growing burden on public health due to its impact on memory, cognition, behavior, and social skills. Early detection using non-invasive brain magnetic resonance images (MRI) is vital for disease management. We introduce CCADD (Corpus Callosum-based Alzheimer's Disease Detection), a user-friendly webserver that automatically identifies and segments the corpus callosum (CC) region from brain MRI slices. Extracted shape and size-based features of CC are fed into Support Vector Machines (SVM), Random Forest (RF), eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) classifiers to predict AD or Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). Exhaustive benchmarking on ADNI data reveals high prediction accuracies for different AD severity levels. CCADD empowers clinicians and researchers for AD detection. This server is available at: http://www.hpppi.iicb.res.in/add.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Panigrahi
- Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) - Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (IICB), TRUE Campus, Kolkata, 700091, West Bengal, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Subhrangshu Das
- Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) - Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (IICB), TRUE Campus, Kolkata, 700091, West Bengal, India.
| | - Saikat Chakrabarti
- Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) - Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (IICB), TRUE Campus, Kolkata, 700091, West Bengal, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Niazi SK, Mariam Z, Magoola M. Engineered Antibodies to Improve Efficacy against Neurodegenerative Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6683. [PMID: 38928395 PMCID: PMC11203520 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Antibodies that can selectively remove rogue proteins in the brain are an obvious choice to treat neurodegenerative disorders (NDs), but after decades of efforts, only two antibodies to treat Alzheimer's disease are approved, dozens are in the testing phase, and one was withdrawn, and the other halted, likely due to efficacy issues. However, these outcomes should have been evident since these antibodies cannot enter the brain sufficiently due to the blood-brain barrier (BBB) protectant. However, all products can be rejuvenated by binding them with transferrin, preferably as smaller fragments. This model can be tested quickly and at a low cost and should be applied to bapineuzumab, solanezumab, crenezumab, gantenerumab, aducanumab, lecanemab, donanemab, cinpanemab, and gantenerumab, and their fragments. This paper demonstrates that conjugating with transferrin does not alter the binding to brain proteins such as amyloid-β (Aβ) and α-synuclein. We also present a selection of conjugate designs that will allow cleavage upon entering the brain to prevent their exocytosis while keeping the fragments connected to enable optimal binding to proteins. The identified products can be readily tested and returned to patients with the lowest regulatory cost and delays. These engineered antibodies can be manufactured by recombinant engineering, preferably by mRNA technology, as a more affordable solution to meet the dire need to treat neurodegenerative disorders effectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Zamara Mariam
- Centre for Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry City CV1 5FB, UK;
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Rees RN, Noyce AJ, Schrag AE. Identification of Prodromal Parkinson Disease: We May Be Able to But Should We? Neurology 2024; 102:e209394. [PMID: 38759130 PMCID: PMC11175649 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000209394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson disease (PD) remains a progressive and incurable disease. Research over the past decade provides strong evidence of a detectible phase before the clinical diagnosis, known as the prodromal phase of PD (pPD). In this article, we review the debate about disclosure of risk of progression to PD and related disorders to individuals through the perspectives of the pillars of medical ethics: beneficence, nonmaleficence, autonomy, and justice. There is evidence that lifestyle modification may have positive effects on onset and progression of PD, providing justification of potential benefit. From a societal perspective, a diagnosis of pPD could allow targeted recruitment to disease-modifying trials. Regarding nonmaleficence, direct evidence that catastrophic reactions are scarce is largely derived from studies of monogenic conditions, which may not be generalizable. Diagnosis of PD can be traumatic, and appropriate communication and evaluation of circumstances to weigh up disclosure is crucial. Future research should therefore examine the potential harms of early and of false-positive diagnoses and specifically examine these matters in diverse populations. Autonomy balances the right to know and the right not to know, so an individualized patient-centered approach and shared decision-making is essential, acknowledging that knowledge of being in the prodromal phase could prolong autonomy in the longer term. Distributive justice brings focus toward health care and related planning at the individual and societal level and affects the search for disease modification in PD. We must acknowledge that waiting for established disease states is likely to be too little, too late and results in failures of expensive trials and wasted participant and researcher effort. Ultimately, clinicians must arrive at a decision with the patient that solicits and integrates patients' goals, taking into account their individual life circumstances, perspectives, and philosophies, recognizing that one size cannot fit all.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard N Rees
- From the Department of Clinical and Movement Neuroscience (R.N.R., A.E.S.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London; Centre for Preventive Neurology (A.J.N.) and Wolfson Institute of Population Health (A.J.N.), Queen Mary University of London; and Department of Neurology (R.N.R.), St George's University NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Alastair J Noyce
- From the Department of Clinical and Movement Neuroscience (R.N.R., A.E.S.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London; Centre for Preventive Neurology (A.J.N.) and Wolfson Institute of Population Health (A.J.N.), Queen Mary University of London; and Department of Neurology (R.N.R.), St George's University NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Anette E Schrag
- From the Department of Clinical and Movement Neuroscience (R.N.R., A.E.S.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London; Centre for Preventive Neurology (A.J.N.) and Wolfson Institute of Population Health (A.J.N.), Queen Mary University of London; and Department of Neurology (R.N.R.), St George's University NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Brown RE. Measuring the replicability of our own research. J Neurosci Methods 2024; 406:110111. [PMID: 38521128 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2024.110111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
In the study of transgenic mouse models of neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders, we use batteries of tests to measure deficits in behaviour and from the results of these tests, we make inferences about the mental states of the mice that we interpret as deficits in "learning", "memory", "anxiety", "depression", etc. This paper discusses the problems of determining whether a particular transgenic mouse is a valid mouse model of disease X, the problem of background strains, and the question of whether our behavioural tests are measuring what we say they are. The problem of the reliability of results is then discussed: are they replicable between labs and can we replicate our results in our own lab? This involves the study of intra- and inter- experimenter reliability. The variables that influence replicability and the importance of conducting a complete behavioural phenotype: sensory, motor, cognitive and social emotional behaviour are discussed. Then the thorny question of failure to replicate is examined: Is it a curse or a blessing? Finally, the role of failure in research and what it tells us about our research paradigms is examined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard E Brown
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Lian P, Cai X, Yang X, Ma Z, Wang C, Liu K, Wu Y, Cao X, Xu Y. Analysis and experimental validation of necroptosis-related molecular classification, immune signature and feature genes in Alzheimer's disease. Apoptosis 2024; 29:726-742. [PMID: 38478169 PMCID: PMC11055779 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-024-01943-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Necroptosis, a programmed cell death pathway, has been demonstrated to be activated in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the precise role of necroptosis and its correlation with immune cell infiltration in AD remains unclear. In this study, we conducted non-negative matrix factorization clustering analysis to identify three subtypes of AD based on necroptosis-relevant genes. Notably, these subtypes exhibited varying necroptosis scores, clinical characteristics and immune infiltration signatures. Cluster B, characterized by high necroptosis scores, showed higher immune cell infiltration and was associated with a more severe pathology, potentially representing a high-risk subgroup. To identify potential biomarkers for AD within cluster B, we employed two machine learning algorithms: the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression and Random Forest. Subsequently, we identified eight feature genes (CARTPT, KLHL35, NRN1, NT5DC3, PCYOX1L, RHOQ, SLC6A12, and SLC38A2) that were utilized to develop a diagnosis model with remarkable predictive capacity for AD. Moreover, we conducted validation using bulk RNA-seq, single-nucleus RNA-seq, and in vivo experiments to confirm the expression of these feature genes. In summary, our study identified a novel necroptosis-related subtype of AD and eight diagnostic biomarkers, explored the roles of necroptosis in AD progression and shed new light for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Piaopiao Lian
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xing Cai
- Department of Oncology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoman Yang
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhuoran Ma
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Cailin Wang
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ke Liu
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Wu
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuebing Cao
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wang X, Shi Z, Qiu Y, Sun D, Zhou H. Peripheral GFAP and NfL as early biomarkers for dementia: longitudinal insights from the UK Biobank. BMC Med 2024; 22:192. [PMID: 38735950 PMCID: PMC11089788 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-024-03418-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peripheral glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and neurofilament light chain (NfL) are sensitive markers of neuroinflammation and neuronal damage. Previous studies with highly selected participants have shown that peripheral GFAP and NfL levels are elevated in the pre-clinical phase of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and dementia. However, the predictive value of GFAP and NfL for dementia requires more evidence from population-based cohorts. METHODS This was a prospective cohort study to evaluate UK Biobank participants enrolled from 2006 to 2010 using plasma GFAP and NfL measurements measured by Olink Target Platform and prospectively followed up for dementia diagnosis. Primary outcome was the risk of clinical diagnosed dementia. Secondary outcomes were cognition. Linear regression was used to assess the associations between peripheral GFAP and NfL with cognition. Cox proportional hazard models with cross-validations were used to estimate associations between elevated GFAP and NfL with risk of dementia. All models were adjusted for covariates. RESULTS A subsample of 48,542 participants in the UK Biobank with peripheral GFAP and NfL measurements were evaluated. With an average follow-up of 13.18 ± 2.42 years, 1312 new all-cause dementia cases were identified. Peripheral GFAP and NfL increased up to 15 years before dementia diagnosis was made. After strictly adjusting for confounders, increment in NfL was found to be associated with decreased numeric memory and prolonged reaction time. A greater annualized rate of change in GFAP was significantly associated with faster global cognitive decline. Elevation of GFAP (hazard ratio (HR) ranges from 2.25 to 3.15) and NfL (HR ranges from 1.98 to 4.23) increased the risk for several types of dementia. GFAP and NfL significantly improved the predictive values for dementia using previous models (area under the curve (AUC) ranges from 0.80 to 0.89, C-index ranges from 0.86 to 0.91). The AD genetic risk score and number of APOE*E4 alleles strongly correlated with GFAP and NfL levels. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that peripheral GFAP and NfL are potential biomarkers for the early diagnosis of dementia. In addition, anti-inflammatory therapies in the initial stages of dementia may have potential benefits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Wang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.28 Dianxin Nan Street, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ziyan Shi
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.28 Dianxin Nan Street, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yuhan Qiu
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.28 Dianxin Nan Street, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Dongren Sun
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.28 Dianxin Nan Street, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Hongyu Zhou
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.28 Dianxin Nan Street, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Reuben A, Richmond‐Rakerd LS, Milne B, Shah D, Pearson A, Hogan S, Ireland D, Keenan R, Knodt AR, Melzer T, Poulton R, Ramrakha S, Whitman ET, Hariri AR, Moffitt TE, Caspi A. Dementia, dementia's risk factors and premorbid brain structure are concentrated in disadvantaged areas: National register and birth-cohort geographic analyses. Alzheimers Dement 2024; 20:3167-3178. [PMID: 38482967 PMCID: PMC11095428 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dementia risk may be elevated in socioeconomically disadvantaged neighborhoods. Reasons for this remain unclear, and this elevation has yet to be shown at a national population level. METHODS We tested whether dementia was more prevalent in disadvantaged neighborhoods across the New Zealand population (N = 1.41 million analytic sample) over a 20-year observation. We then tested whether premorbid dementia risk factors and MRI-measured brain-structure antecedents were more prevalent among midlife residents of disadvantaged neighborhoods in a population-representative NZ-birth-cohort (N = 938 analytic sample). RESULTS People residing in disadvantaged neighborhoods were at greater risk of dementia (HR per-quintile-disadvantage-increase = 1.09, 95% confidence interval [CI]:1.08-1.10) and, decades before clinical endpoints typically emerge, evidenced elevated dementia-risk scores (CAIDE, LIBRA, Lancet, ANU-ADRI, DunedinARB; β's 0.31-0.39) and displayed dementia-associated brain structural deficits and cognitive difficulties/decline. DISCUSSION Disadvantaged neighborhoods have more residents with dementia, and decades before dementia is diagnosed, residents have more dementia-risk factors and brain-structure antecedents. Whether or not neighborhoods causally influence risk, they may offer scalable opportunities for primary dementia prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Reuben
- Department of Psychology and NeuroscienceDuke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesMedical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA
| | | | - Barry Milne
- Centre for Methods and Policy Application in Society SciencesUniversity of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand
| | - Devesh Shah
- Department of Psychology and NeuroscienceDuke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Amber Pearson
- Department of Geography, Environment, and Spatial SciencesMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMichiganUSA
- Department of Public HealthUniversity of OtagoWellingtonNew Zealand
| | - Sean Hogan
- Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Research Unit, Department of PsychologyUniversity of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand
| | - David Ireland
- Brain Health Research Centre, Department of PsychologyUniversity of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand
| | - Ross Keenan
- Brain Health Research Centre, Department of PsychologyUniversity of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand
| | - Annchen R. Knodt
- Department of Psychology and NeuroscienceDuke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Tracy Melzer
- Department of MedicineUniversity of OtagoChristchurchNew Zealand
| | - Richie Poulton
- Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Research Unit, Department of PsychologyUniversity of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand
| | - Sandhya Ramrakha
- Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Research Unit, Department of PsychologyUniversity of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand
| | - Ethan T. Whitman
- Department of Psychology and NeuroscienceDuke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Ahmad R. Hariri
- Department of Psychology and NeuroscienceDuke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Terrie E. Moffitt
- Department of Psychology and NeuroscienceDuke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesDuke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
- King's College London, Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, & NeuroscienceLondonUK
- PROMENTA, Department of PsychologyUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
| | - Avshalom Caspi
- Department of Psychology and NeuroscienceDuke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesDuke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
- King's College London, Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, & NeuroscienceLondonUK
- PROMENTA, Department of PsychologyUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Boa Sorte Silva NC, Ten Brinke LF, Bielak AAM, Handy TC, Liu-Ambrose T. Improved intraindividual variability in cognitive performance following cognitive and exercise training in older adults. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2024; 30:328-338. [PMID: 37860873 DOI: 10.1017/s1355617723000577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Increased intraindividual variability (IIV) of cognitive performance is a marker of cognitive decline in older adults. Whether computerized cognitive training (CCT) and aerobic exercise counteracts cognitive decline by reducing IIV is unknown. We investigated the effects of CCT with or without aerobic exercise on IIV in older adults. METHODS This was a secondary analysis of an 8-week randomized controlled trial. Older adults (aged 65-85 years) were randomized to CCT alone (n = 41), CCT with aerobic exercise (n = 41), or an active control group (n = 42). The CCT group trained using the Fit Brains® platform 3×/week for 1 hr (plus 3×/week of home-based training). The CCT with aerobic exercise group received 15 min of walking plus 45 min of Fit Brains® 3×/week (plus 3×/week of home-based training). The control group received sham exercise and cognitive training (3×/week for 1 hr). We computed reaction time IIV from the Dimensional Change Card Sort Test, Flanker Inhibitory Control and Attention Test (Flanker), and Pattern Comparison Processing Speed Test (PACPS). RESULTS Compared with the control group, IIV reduced in a processing speed task (PACPS) following CCT alone (mean difference [95% confidence interval]: -0.144 [-0.255 to -0.034], p < 0.01) and CCT with aerobic exercise (-0.113 [-0.225 to -0.001], p < 0.05). Attention (Flanker congruent) IIV was reduced only after CCT with aerobic exercise (-0.130 [-0.242 to -0.017], p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS A CCT program promoted cognitive health via reductions in IIV of cognitive performance and combining it with aerobic exercise may result in broader benefits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nárlon C Boa Sorte Silva
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Centre for Aging SMART, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Lisanne F Ten Brinke
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Allison A M Bielak
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Todd C Handy
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Teresa Liu-Ambrose
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Centre for Aging SMART, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Doering S, McCullough A, Gordon BA, Chen CD, McKay N, Hobbs D, Keefe S, Flores S, Scott J, Smith H, Jarman S, Jackson K, Hornbeck RC, Ances BM, Xiong C, Aschenbrenner AJ, Hassenstab J, Cruchaga C, Daniels A, Bateman RJ, Morris JC, Benzinger TLS. Deconstructing pathological tau by biological process in early stages of Alzheimer disease: a method for quantifying tau spatial spread in neuroimaging. EBioMedicine 2024; 103:105080. [PMID: 38552342 PMCID: PMC10995809 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroimaging studies often quantify tau burden in standardized brain regions to assess Alzheimer disease (AD) progression. However, this method ignores another key biological process in which tau spreads to additional brain regions. We have developed a metric for calculating the extent tau pathology has spread throughout the brain and evaluate the relationship between this metric and tau burden across early stages of AD. METHODS 445 cross-sectional participants (aged ≥ 50) who had MRI, amyloid PET, tau PET, and clinical testing were separated into disease-stage groups based on amyloid positivity and cognitive status (older cognitively normal control, preclinical AD, and symptomatic AD). Tau burden and tau spatial spread were calculated for all participants. FINDINGS We found both tau metrics significantly elevated across increasing disease stages (p < 0.0001) and as a function of increasing amyloid burden for participants with preclinical (p < 0.0001, p = 0.0056) and symptomatic (p = 0.010, p = 0.0021) AD. An interaction was found between tau burden and tau spatial spread when predicting amyloid burden (p = 0.00013). Analyses of slope between tau metrics demonstrated more spread than burden in preclinical AD (β = 0.59), but then tau burden elevated relative to spread (β = 0.42) once participants had symptomatic AD, when the tau metrics became highly correlated (R = 0.83). INTERPRETATION Tau burden and tau spatial spread are both strong biomarkers for early AD but provide unique information, particularly at the preclinical stage. Tau spatial spread may demonstrate earlier changes than tau burden which could have broad impact in clinical trial design. FUNDING This research was supported by the Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center (Knight ADRC, NIH grants P30AG066444, P01AG026276, P01AG003991), Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer Network (DIAN, NIH grants U01AG042791, U19AG03243808, R01AG052550-01A1, R01AG05255003), and the Barnes-Jewish Hospital Foundation Willman Scholar Fund.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Doering
- Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Austin McCullough
- Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Brian A Gordon
- Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Charles D Chen
- Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Nicole McKay
- Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Diana Hobbs
- Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Sarah Keefe
- Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Shaney Flores
- Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jalen Scott
- Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Hunter Smith
- Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Stephen Jarman
- Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Kelley Jackson
- Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Russ C Hornbeck
- Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Beau M Ances
- Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Chengjie Xiong
- Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Jason Hassenstab
- Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Carlos Cruchaga
- Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Alisha Daniels
- Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Randall J Bateman
- Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - John C Morris
- Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Boyetey MJB, Choi Y, Lee HY, Choi J. Nanotechnology-based delivery of therapeutics through the intranasal pathway and the blood-brain barrier for Alzheimer's disease treatment. Biomater Sci 2024; 12:2007-2018. [PMID: 38456516 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm02003g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Background: drugs for Alzheimer's disease (AD) fail to exhibit efficacy in clinical trials for a number of reasons, a major one being blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability. Meanwhile, the increasing incidence of this disease emphasizes the need for effective therapeutics. Herein, we discuss novel nanoplatform technologies developed for the effective delivery of AD drugs by traversing the BBB. Main text: the interfacial and surface chemistry of nanomaterials is utilized in several industries, including pharmaceutical, and has drawn considerable attention in the field of nanotechnology. Various reports have suggested the potential of nanotechnology for AD treatment, describing unique drug carriers that improve drug stability and solubility while maintaining therapeutic dosages. These nanotechnologies are harnessed for the transport of drugs across the BBB, with or without surface modifications. We also discuss the transfer of drugs via the nose-to-brain pathway, as intranasal delivery enables direct drug distribution in the brain. In addition, nanomaterial modifications that prolong drug delivery and improve safety following intranasal administration are addressed. Conclusion: although several studies have yielded promising results, limited efforts have been undertaken to translate research findings into clinical contexts. Nevertheless, nanomaterials hold considerable potential for the development of novel effective therapeutic solutions against AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yonghyun Choi
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea.
- Feynman Institute of Technology, Nanomedicine Corporation, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Young Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, 61, Daehak-ro, Gumi-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 39177, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jonghoon Choi
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea.
- Feynman Institute of Technology, Nanomedicine Corporation, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Okafor M, Champomier O, Raibaut L, Ozkan S, El Kholti N, Ory S, Chasserot-Golaz S, Gasman S, Hureau C, Faller P, Vitale N. Restoring cellular copper homeostasis in Alzheimer disease: a novel peptide shuttle is internalized by an ATP-dependent endocytosis pathway involving Rab5- and Rab14-endosomes. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 11:1355963. [PMID: 38645276 PMCID: PMC11026709 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1355963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
CPPs, or Cell-Penetrating Peptides, offer invaluable utility in disease treatment due to their ability to transport various therapeutic molecules across cellular membranes. Their unique characteristics, such as biocompatibility and low immunogenicity, make them ideal candidates for delivering drugs, genes, or imaging agents directly into cells. This targeted delivery enhances treatment efficacy while minimizing systemic side effects. CPPs exhibit versatility, crossing biological barriers and reaching intracellular targets that conventional drugs struggle to access. This capability holds promise in treating a wide array of diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and infectious diseases, offering a potent avenue for innovative and targeted therapies, yet their precise mechanism of cell entry is far from being fully understood. In order to correct Cu dysregulation found in various pathologies such as Alzheimer disease, we have recently conceived a peptide Cu(II) shuttle, based on the αR5W4 CPP, which, when bound to Cu(II), is able to readily enter a neurosecretory cell model, and release bioavailable Cu in cells. Furthermore, this shuttle has the capacity to protect cells in culture against oxidative stress-induced damage which occurs when Cu binds to the Aβ peptide. The aim of this study was therefore to characterize the cell entry route used by this shuttle and determine in which compartment Cu is released. Pharmacological treatments, siRNA silencing and colocalization experiments with GFP-Rab fusion proteins, indicate that the shuttle is internalized by an ATP-dependent endocytosis pathway involving both Rab5 and Rab14 endosomes route and suggest an early release of Cu from the shuttle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Okafor
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives—Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UPR3212, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Institut de Chimie—UMR7177, Université de Strasbourg, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Strasbourg, France
| | - Olivia Champomier
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives—Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UPR3212, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Institut de Chimie—UMR7177, Université de Strasbourg, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Strasbourg, France
| | - Laurent Raibaut
- Institut de Chimie—UMR7177, Université de Strasbourg, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Strasbourg, France
| | - Sebahat Ozkan
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives—Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UPR3212, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Naima El Kholti
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives—Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UPR3212, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Stéphane Ory
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives—Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UPR3212, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Sylvette Chasserot-Golaz
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives—Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UPR3212, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Stéphane Gasman
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives—Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UPR3212, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Christelle Hureau
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UPR8241, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Peter Faller
- Institut de Chimie—UMR7177, Université de Strasbourg, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Strasbourg, France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Vitale
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives—Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UPR3212, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Del Pozo A, Knox KM, Lehmann LM, Davidson S, Rho SL, Jayadev S, Barker-Haliski M. Chronic evoked seizures in young pre-symptomatic APP/PS1 mice induce serotonin changes and accelerate onset of Alzheimer's disease-related neuropathology. Prog Neurobiol 2024; 235:102591. [PMID: 38484965 PMCID: PMC11015961 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2024.102591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hyperexcitability is intimately linked to Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology, but the precise timing and contributions of neuronal hyperexcitability to disease progression is unclear. Seizure induction in rodent AD models can uncover new therapeutic targets. Further, investigator-evoked seizures can directly establish how hyperexcitability and AD-associated risk factors influence neuropathological hallmarks and disease course at presymptomatic stages. METHODS Corneal kindling is a well-characterized preclinical epilepsy model that allows for precise control of seizure history to pair to subsequent behavioral assessments. 2-3-month-old APP/PS1, PSEN2-N141I, and transgenic control male and female mice were thus sham or corneal kindled for 2 weeks. Seizure-induced changes in glia, serotonin pathway proteins, and amyloid β levels in hippocampus and prefrontal cortex were quantified. RESULTS APP/PS1 females were more susceptible to corneal kindling. However, regardless of sex, APP/PS1 mice experienced extensive seizure-induced mortality versus kindled Tg- controls. PSEN2-N141I mice were not negatively affected by corneal kindling. Mortality correlated with a marked downregulation of hippocampal tryptophan hydroxylase 2 and monoamine oxidase A protein expression versus controls; these changes were not detected in PSEN2-N141I mice. Kindled APP/PS1 mice also exhibited soluble amyloid β upregulation and glial reactivity without plaque deposition. SIGNIFICANCE Evoked convulsive seizures and neuronal hyperexcitability in pre-symptomatic APP/PS1 mice promoted premature mortality without pathological Aβ plaque deposition, whereas PSEN2-N141I mice were unaffected. Disruptions in serotonin pathway metabolism in APP/PS1 mice was associated with increased glial reactivity without Aβ plaque deposition, demonstrating that neuronal hyperexcitability in early AD causes pathological Aβ overexpression and worsens long-term outcomes through a serotonin-related mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Del Pozo
- Center for Epilepsy Drug Discovery (CEDD), Department of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Kevin M Knox
- Center for Epilepsy Drug Discovery (CEDD), Department of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Leanne M Lehmann
- Center for Epilepsy Drug Discovery (CEDD), Department of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Stephanie Davidson
- Center for Epilepsy Drug Discovery (CEDD), Department of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Seongheon Leo Rho
- Center for Epilepsy Drug Discovery (CEDD), Department of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Suman Jayadev
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Melissa Barker-Haliski
- Center for Epilepsy Drug Discovery (CEDD), Department of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Yu Z, Luo F. The Role of Reactive Oxygen Species in Alzheimer's Disease: From Mechanism to Biomaterials Therapy. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2304373. [PMID: 38508583 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202304373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic, insidious, and progressive neurodegenerative disease that remains a clinical challenge for society. The fully approved drug lecanemab exhibits the prospect of therapy against the pathological processes, while debatable adverse events conflict with the drug concentration required for the anticipated therapeutic effects. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are involved in the pathological progression of AD, as has been demonstrated in much research regarding oxidative stress (OS). The contradiction between anticipated dosage and adverse event may be resolved through targeted transport by biomaterials and get therapeutic effects through pathological progression via regulation of ROS. Besides, biomaterials fix delivery issues by promoting the penetration of drugs across the blood-brain barrier (BBB), protecting the drug from peripheral degradation, and elevating bioavailability. The goal is to comprehensively understand the mechanisms of ROS in the progression of AD disease and the potential of ROS-related biomaterials in the treatment of AD. This review focuses on OS and its connection with AD and novel biomaterials in recent years against AD via OS to inspire novel biomaterial development. Revisiting these biomaterials and mechanisms associated with OS in AD via thorough investigations presents a considerable potential and bright future for improving effective interventions for AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuohang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Center for Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Feng Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Center for Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Ganesan K, Rentsch P, Langdon A, Milham LT, Vissel B. Modeling sporadic Alzheimer's disease in mice by combining Apolipoprotein E4 risk gene with environmental risk factors. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 16:1357405. [PMID: 38476659 PMCID: PMC10927790 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1357405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Developing effective treatment for Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains a challenge. This can be partially attributed to the fact that the mouse models used in preclinical research largely replicate familial form of AD, while majority of human cases are sporadic; both forms differ widely in the onset and origin of pathology, therefore requiring specific/targeted treatments. Methods In this study, we aimed to model sporadic AD in mice by combining two of the many risk factors that are strongly implicated in AD: ApoE4, a major genetic risk factor, together with an inflammatory stimuli. Accordingly, we subjected ApoE4 knock in (KI) mice, expressing humanized ApoE4, to low doses of Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injections (i.p, weekly, for 4 months). Results We assessed these animals for behavioral impairments at 6 months of age using Open Field, Y-maze, and Barnes Maze Test. LPS induced hypoactivity was observed in the Open Field and Y-maze test, whereas spatial learning and memory was intact. We then quantified differences in dendritic spine density, which is a strong correlate of AD. ApoE4KI mice showed a significant reduction in the number of spines after treatment with LPS, whereas there were no obvious differences in the total number of microglia and astrocytes. Discussion To conclude, in the current study the APoEe4 risk gene increases the vulnerability of hippocampal neurons to inflammation induced spine loss, laying a foundation for an early sporadic AD mouse model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kiruthika Ganesan
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Peggy Rentsch
- Centre for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, St. Vincent’s Centre for Applied Medical Research, St Vincent’s Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- UNSW St. Vincent’s Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Alexander Langdon
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Luke T. Milham
- Centre for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, St. Vincent’s Centre for Applied Medical Research, St Vincent’s Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- UNSW St. Vincent’s Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Bryce Vissel
- Centre for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, St. Vincent’s Centre for Applied Medical Research, St Vincent’s Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- UNSW St. Vincent’s Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ziaunys M, Mikalauskaite K, Sakalauskas A, Smirnovas V. Investigating lysozyme amyloid fibril formation and structural variability dependence on its initial folding state under different pH conditions. Protein Sci 2024; 33:e4888. [PMID: 38151910 PMCID: PMC10804668 DOI: 10.1002/pro.4888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Protein fibril formation and accumulation are associated with dozens of amyloidoses, including the widespread and yet-incurable Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Currently, there are still several aspects of amyloid aggregation that are not fully understood, which negatively contributes to the development of disease-altering drugs and treatments. One factor which requires a more in-depth analysis is the effect of the environment on both the initial state of amyloidogenic proteins and their aggregation process and resulting fibril characteristics. In this work, we examine how lysozyme's folding state influences its amyloid formation kinetics and resulting aggregate structural characteristics under several different pH conditions, ranging from acidic to neutral. We demonstrate that both the initial state of the protein and the solution's pH value have a significant combined effect on the variability of the resulting aggregate secondary structures, as well as their stabilities, interactions with amyloid-specific dye molecules, and self-replication properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mantas Ziaunys
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius UniversityVilniusLithuania
| | - Kamile Mikalauskaite
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius UniversityVilniusLithuania
| | - Andrius Sakalauskas
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius UniversityVilniusLithuania
| | - Vytautas Smirnovas
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius UniversityVilniusLithuania
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Acharya NK, Grossman HC, Clifford PM, Levin EC, Light KR, Choi H, Swanson Ii RL, Kosciuk MC, Venkataraman V, Libon DJ, Matzel LD, Nagele RG. A Chronic Increase in Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability Facilitates Intraneuronal Deposition of Exogenous Bloodborne Amyloid-Beta1-42 Peptide in the Brain and Leads to Alzheimer's Disease-Relevant Cognitive Changes in a Mouse Model. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 98:163-186. [PMID: 38393907 DOI: 10.3233/jad-231028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Background Increased blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability and amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides (especially Aβ1-42) (Aβ42) have been linked to Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis, but the nature of their involvement in AD-related neuropathological changes leading to cognitive changes remains poorly understood. Objective To test the hypothesis that chronic extravasation of bloodborne Aβ42 peptide and brain-reactive autoantibodies and their entry into the brain parenchyma via a permeable BBB contribute to AD-related pathological changes and cognitive changes in a mouse model. Methods The BBB was rendered chronically permeable through repeated injections of Pertussis toxin (PT), and soluble monomeric, fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled or unlabeled Aβ42 was injected into the tail-vein of 10-month-old male CD1 mice at designated intervals spanning ∼3 months. Acquisition of learned behaviors and long-term retention were assessed via a battery of cognitive and behavioral tests and linked to neuropathological changes. Results Mice injected with both PT and Aβ42 demonstrated a preferential deficit in the capacity for long-term retention and an increased susceptibility to interference in selective attention compared to mice exposed to PT or saline only. Immunohistochemical analyses revealed increased BBB permeability and entry of bloodborne Aβ42 and immunoglobulin G (IgG) into the brain parenchyma, selective neuronal binding of IgG and neuronal accumulation of Aβ42 in animals injected with both PT and Aβ42 compared to controls. Conclusion Results highlight the potential synergistic role of BBB compromise and the influx of bloodborne Aβ42 into the brain in both the initiation and progression of neuropathologic and cognitive changes associated with AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nimish K Acharya
- Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, New Jersey Institute for Successful Aging, Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine, Rowan University, Stratford, NJ, USA
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine, Rowan University, Stratford, NJ, USA
- Center for Neurotrauma, Neurodegeneration and Restoration, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Biomarker Discovery Center, New Jersey Institute for Successful Aging (NJISA), Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine, Stratford, NJ, USA
- Rowan-Virtua Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Stratford, NJ, USA
- Rowan-Virtua School of Translational Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, USA
| | - Henya C Grossman
- Department of Psychology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Peter M Clifford
- Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, New Jersey Institute for Successful Aging, Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine, Rowan University, Stratford, NJ, USA
- HNL Lab Medicine, Allentown, PA, USA
| | - Eli C Levin
- Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, New Jersey Institute for Successful Aging, Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine, Rowan University, Stratford, NJ, USA
- Department of Graduate Medical Education, Bayhealth Medical Center, Dover, DE, USA
| | - Kenneth R Light
- Department of Psychology, Barnard College of Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hana Choi
- Rowan-Virtua Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Stratford, NJ, USA
| | - Randel L Swanson Ii
- Center for Neurotrauma, Neurodegeneration and Restoration, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Rehab Medicine Service, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mary C Kosciuk
- Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, New Jersey Institute for Successful Aging, Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine, Rowan University, Stratford, NJ, USA
| | - Venkat Venkataraman
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine, Rowan University, Stratford, NJ, USA
- Department of Academic and Student Affairs, Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine, Stratford, NJ, USA
| | - David J Libon
- Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, New Jersey Institute for Successful Aging, Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine, Rowan University, Stratford, NJ, USA
- Department of Psychology, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, USA
| | - Louis D Matzel
- Department of Psychology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Robert G Nagele
- Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, New Jersey Institute for Successful Aging, Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine, Rowan University, Stratford, NJ, USA
- Biomarker Discovery Center, New Jersey Institute for Successful Aging (NJISA), Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine, Stratford, NJ, USA
- Rowan-Virtua Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Stratford, NJ, USA
- Rowan-Virtua School of Translational Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Chong JSX, Tan YJ, Koh AJ, Ting SKS, Kandiah N, Ng ASL, Zhou JH. Plasma Neurofilament Light Relates to Divergent Default and Salience Network Connectivity in Alzheimer's Disease and Behavioral Variant Frontotemporal Dementia. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 99:965-980. [PMID: 38759005 PMCID: PMC11191491 DOI: 10.3233/jad-231251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Background Alzheimer's disease (AD) and behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) show differential vulnerability to large-scale brain functional networks. Plasma neurofilament light (NfL), a promising biomarker of neurodegeneration, has been linked in AD patients to glucose metabolism changes in AD-related regions. However, it is unknown whether plasma NfL would be similarly associated with disease-specific functional connectivity changes in AD and bvFTD. Objective Our study examined the associations between plasma NfL and functional connectivity of the default mode and salience networks in patients with AD and bvFTD. Methods Plasma NfL and neuroimaging data from patients with bvFTD (n = 16) and AD or mild cognitive impairment (n = 38; AD + MCI) were analyzed. Seed-based functional connectivity maps of key regions within the default mode and salience networks were obtained and associated with plasma NfL in these patients. RESULTS We demonstrated divergent associations between NfL and functional connectivity in AD + MCI and bvFTD patients. Specifically, AD + MCI patients showed lower default mode network functional connectivity with higher plasma NfL, while bvFTD patients showed lower salience network functional connectivity with higher plasma NfL. Further, lower NfL-related default mode network connectivity in AD + MCI patients was associated with lower Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores and higher Clinical Dementia Rating sum-of-boxes scores, although NfL-related salience network connectivity in bvFTD patients was not associated with Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire scores. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that plasma NfL is differentially associated with brain functional connectivity changes in AD and bvFTD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Su Xian Chong
- Centre for Sleep and Cognition & Centre for Translational Magnetic Resonance Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Human Potential Translational Research Programme and Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yi Jayne Tan
- Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
| | - Amelia Jialing Koh
- Centre for Sleep and Cognition & Centre for Translational Magnetic Resonance Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Human Potential Translational Research Programme and Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Simon Kang Seng Ting
- Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
| | - Nagaendran Kandiah
- Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
| | - Adeline Su Lyn Ng
- Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
| | - Juan Helen Zhou
- Centre for Sleep and Cognition & Centre for Translational Magnetic Resonance Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Human Potential Translational Research Programme and Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Integrative Sciences and Engineering Programme (ISEP), NUS Graduate School, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Neuroscience and Behavioural Disorders Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Anderson C, Bucholc M, McClean PL, Zhang SD. The Potential of a Stratified Approach to Drug Repurposing in Alzheimer's Disease. Biomolecules 2023; 14:11. [PMID: 38275752 PMCID: PMC10813465 DOI: 10.3390/biom14010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex neurodegenerative condition that is characterized by the build-up of amyloid-beta plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. While multiple theories explaining the aetiology of the disease have been suggested, the underlying cause of the disease is still unknown. Despite this, several modifiable and non-modifiable factors that increase the risk of developing AD have been identified. To date, only eight AD drugs have ever gained regulatory approval, including six symptomatic and two disease-modifying drugs. However, not all are available in all countries and high costs associated with new disease-modifying biologics prevent large proportions of the patient population from accessing them. With the current patient population expected to triple by 2050, it is imperative that new, effective, and affordable drugs become available to patients. Traditional drug development strategies have a 99% failure rate in AD, which is far higher than in other disease areas. Even when a drug does reach the market, additional barriers such as high cost and lack of accessibility prevent patients from benefiting from them. In this review, we discuss how a stratified medicine drug repurposing approach may address some of the limitations and barriers that traditional strategies face in relation to drug development in AD. We believe that novel, stratified drug repurposing studies may expedite the discovery of alternative, effective, and more affordable treatment options for a rapidly expanding patient population in comparison with traditional drug development methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chloe Anderson
- Personalised Medicine Centre, School of Medicine, Altnagelvin Hospital Campus, Ulster University, Glenshane Road, Derry/Londonderry BT47 6SB, UK;
| | - Magda Bucholc
- School of Computing, Engineering and Intelligent Systems, Magee Campus, Ulster University, Northland Road, Derry/Londonderry BT48 7JL, UK
| | - Paula L. McClean
- Personalised Medicine Centre, School of Medicine, Altnagelvin Hospital Campus, Ulster University, Glenshane Road, Derry/Londonderry BT47 6SB, UK;
| | - Shu-Dong Zhang
- Personalised Medicine Centre, School of Medicine, Altnagelvin Hospital Campus, Ulster University, Glenshane Road, Derry/Londonderry BT47 6SB, UK;
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Zang C, Zhang H, Xu J, Zhang H, Fouladvand S, Havaldar S, Cheng F, Chen K, Chen Y, Glicksberg BS, Chen J, Bian J, Wang F. High-throughput target trial emulation for Alzheimer's disease drug repurposing with real-world data. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8180. [PMID: 38081829 PMCID: PMC10713627 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43929-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Target trial emulation is the process of mimicking target randomized trials using real-world data, where effective confounding control for unbiased treatment effect estimation remains a main challenge. Although various approaches have been proposed for this challenge, a systematic evaluation is still lacking. Here we emulated trials for thousands of medications from two large-scale real-world data warehouses, covering over 10 years of clinical records for over 170 million patients, aiming to identify new indications of approved drugs for Alzheimer's disease. We assessed different propensity score models under the inverse probability of treatment weighting framework and suggested a model selection strategy for improved baseline covariate balancing. We also found that the deep learning-based propensity score model did not necessarily outperform logistic regression-based methods in covariate balancing. Finally, we highlighted five top-ranked drugs (pantoprazole, gabapentin, atorvastatin, fluticasone, and omeprazole) originally intended for other indications with potential benefits for Alzheimer's patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chengxi Zang
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence for Digital Health, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jie Xu
- Department of Health Outcomes & Biomedical Informatics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Hansi Zhang
- Department of Health Outcomes & Biomedical Informatics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Sajjad Fouladvand
- Institude for Biomedical Informatics (IBI) and Department of Computer Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Shreyas Havaldar
- Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Feixiong Cheng
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Kun Chen
- Department of Statistics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (DBEI), the Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Benjamin S Glicksberg
- Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jin Chen
- Institude for Biomedical Informatics (IBI) and Department of Computer Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Jiang Bian
- Department of Health Outcomes & Biomedical Informatics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence for Digital Health, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Santhosh Kumar H, Moore J, Steiner AC, Sotirakis E, Schärli B, Isnard-Petit P, Thiam K, Wolfer DP, Böttger EC. Mistranslation-associated perturbations of proteostasis do not promote accumulation of amyloid beta and plaque deposition in aged mouse brain. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:378. [PMID: 38010524 PMCID: PMC10682081 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-05031-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
A common perception in age-related neurodegenerative diseases posits that a decline in proteostasis is key to the accumulation of neuropathogenic proteins, such as amyloid beta (Aβ), and the development of sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD). To experimentally challenge the role of protein homeostasis in the accumulation of Alzheimer's associated protein Aβ and levels of associated Tau phosphorylation, we disturbed proteostasis in single APP knock-in mouse models of AD building upon Rps9 D95N, a recently identified mammalian ram mutation which confers heightened levels of error-prone translation together with an increased propensity for random protein aggregation and which is associated with accelerated aging. We crossed the Rps9 D95N mutation into knock-in mice expressing humanized Aβ with different combinations of pathogenic mutations (wild-type, NL, NL-F, NL-G-F) causing a stepwise and quantifiable allele-dependent increase in the development of Aβ accumulation, levels of phosphorylated Tau, and neuropathology. Surprisingly, the misfolding-prone environment of the Rps9 D95N ram mutation did not affect Aβ accumulation and plaque formation, nor the level of phosphorylated Tau in any of the humanized APP knock-in lines. Our findings indicate that a misfolding-prone environment induced by error-prone translation with its inherent perturbations in protein homeostasis has little impact on the accumulation of pathogenic Aβ, plaque formation and associated phosphorylated Tau.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - James Moore
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Benjamin Schärli
- Institute of Human Movement Sciences and Sport, D-HEST, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | | | - David P Wolfer
- Institute of Human Movement Sciences and Sport, D-HEST, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Erik C Böttger
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Supakul S, Hatakeyama Y, Leventoux N, Itsuno M, Numata N, Hiramine H, Morimoto S, Iwata A, Maeda S, Okano H. Urine-derived cells from the aged donor for the 2D/3D modeling of neural cells via iPSCs. AGING BRAIN 2023; 4:100101. [PMID: 38045491 PMCID: PMC10689952 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbas.2023.100101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Human neural cell models derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have been widely accepted to model various neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) in vitro. Although the most common sources of iPSCs are fibroblasts and peripheral blood mononuclear cells, the collection of these cells is invasive. To reduce the donor's burden, we propose the use of urine-derived cells (UDCs), which can be obtained non-invasively from a urine sample. However, the collection of UDCs from elderly donors suffering from age-related diseases such as AD has not been reported, and it is unknown whether these UDCs from the donor aged over 80 years old can be converted into iPSCs and differentiated into neural cells. In this study, we reported a case of using the UDCs from the urine sample of an 89-year-old AD patient, and the UDCs were successfully reprogrammed into iPSCs and differentiated into neural cells in four different ways: (i) the dual SMAD inhibition with small-molecules via the neural progenitor precursor stage, (ii) the rapid induction method using transient expression of Ngn2 and microRNAs without going through the neural progenitor stage, (iii) the cortical brain organoids for 3D culture, and (iv) the human astrocytes. The accumulation of phosphorylated Tau proteins, which is a pathological hallmark of AD, was examined in the neuronal models generated from the UDCs of the aged donor. The application of this cell source will broaden the target population for disease modeling using iPS technology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sopak Supakul
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 160-8582 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Hatakeyama
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 160-8582 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nicolas Leventoux
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 160-8582 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Maika Itsuno
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 160-8582 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoko Numata
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 160-8582 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hayato Hiramine
- JSR-Keio University Medical and Chemical Innovation Center (JKiC), JSR Corporation, 160-8582 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoru Morimoto
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 160-8582 Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, 173-0015 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Iwata
- Department of Neurology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, 173-0015 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sumihiro Maeda
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 160-8582 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 160-8582 Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Park JH. Effects of Personalized Cognitive Training Using Mental Workload Monitoring on Executive Function in Older Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment. BRAIN & NEUROREHABILITATION 2023; 16:e21. [PMID: 38047099 PMCID: PMC10689865 DOI: 10.12786/bn.2023.16.e21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Although a variety of cognitive training has been performed, its optimally personalized delivery is still unknown. This study established the mental workload classification model using a convolutional neural network based on functional near-infrared spectroscopy-derived data. The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) while thirty individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) performed spatial working memory testing was found to be a considerable indicator to classify 3 levels of mental workload with an accuracy of over 86%. In the next step, forty subjects with MCI were randomly allocated into the experimental group (EG) that received cognitive training with mental workload-based difficulty adjustment or the control group (CG) that received conventional cognitive training. To compare both groups, the Trail Making Test Part B (TMT-B) and hemodynamic responses in the DLPFC during the TMT-B were measured. After the 16 training sessions, the EG subjects achieved a greater improvement in the TMT-B than the CG subjects (p < 0.05). Also, the EG subject showed a significantly lower DLPFC activity during the TMT-B than the CG subject (p < 0.05). In sum, the EG subjects better performed executive function with lower energy from the DLPFC. These findings imply that the importance of mental workload monitoring to provide personalized cognitive training.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Hyuck Park
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Carbonell F, McNicoll C, Zijdenbos AP, Bedell BJ. Spatial association between distributed β-amyloid and tau varies with cognition. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.27.559737. [PMID: 37808643 PMCID: PMC10557646 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.27.559737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Several PET studies have explored the relationship between β-amyloid load and tau uptake at the early stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression. Most of these studies have focused on the linear relationship between β-amyloid and tau at the local level and their synergistic effect on different AD biomarkers. We hypothesize that patterns of spatial association between β-amyloid and tau might be uncovered using alternative association metrics that account for linear as well as more complex, possible nonlinear dependencies. In the present study, we propose a new Canonical Distance Correlation Analysis (CDCA) to generate distinctive spatial patterns of the cross-correlation structure between tau, as measured by [18F]flortaucipir PET, and β-amyloid, as measured by [18F]florbetapir PET, from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) study. We found that the CDCA-based β-amyloid scores were not only maximally distance-correlated to tau in cognitively normal (CN) controls and mild cognitive impairment (MCI), but also differentiated between low and high levels of β-amyloid uptake. The most distinctive spatial association pattern was characterized by a spread of β-amyloid covering large areas of the cortex and localized tau in the entorhinal cortex. More importantly, this spatial dependency varies according to cognition, which cannot be explained by the uptake differences in β-amyloid or tau between CN and MCI subjects. Hence, the CDCA-based scores might be more accurate than the amyloid or tau SUVR for the enrollment in clinical trials of those individuals on the path of cognitive deterioration.
Collapse
|
32
|
Grieco SF, Holmes TC, Xu X. Probing neural circuit mechanisms in Alzheimer's disease using novel technologies. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:4407-4420. [PMID: 36959497 PMCID: PMC10827671 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02018-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
The study of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) has traditionally focused on neuropathological mechanisms that has guided therapies that attenuate neuropathological features. A new direction is emerging in AD research that focuses on the progressive loss of cognitive function due to disrupted neural circuit mechanisms. Evidence from humans and animal models of AD show that dysregulated circuits initiate a cascade of pathological events that culminate in functional loss of learning, memory, and other aspects of cognition. Recent progress in single-cell, spatial, and circuit omics informs this circuit-focused approach by determining the identities, locations, and circuitry of the specific cells affected by AD. Recently developed neuroscience tools allow for precise access to cell type-specific circuitry so that their functional roles in AD-related cognitive deficits and disease progression can be tested. An integrated systems-level understanding of AD-associated neural circuit mechanisms requires new multimodal and multi-scale interrogations that longitudinally measure and/or manipulate the ensemble properties of specific molecularly-defined neuron populations first susceptible to AD. These newly developed technological and conceptual advances present new opportunities for studying and treating circuits vulnerable in AD and represent the beginning of a new era for circuit-based AD research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Steven F Grieco
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
- Center for Neural Circuit Mapping (CNCM), University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Todd C Holmes
- Center for Neural Circuit Mapping (CNCM), University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Xiangmin Xu
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
- Center for Neural Circuit Mapping (CNCM), University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Chaudhari DS, Jain S, Yata VK, Mishra SP, Kumar A, Fraser A, Kociolek J, Dangiolo M, Smith A, Golden A, Masternak MM, Holland P, Agronin M, White-Williams C, Arikawa AY, Labyak CA, Yadav H. Unique trans-kingdom microbiome structural and functional signatures predict cognitive decline in older adults. GeroScience 2023; 45:2819-2834. [PMID: 37213047 PMCID: PMC10643725 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00799-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of age-related cognitive disorders/dementia is increasing, and effective prevention and treatment interventions are lacking due to an incomplete understanding of aging neuropathophysiology. Emerging evidence suggests that abnormalities in gut microbiome are linked with age-related cognitive decline and getting acceptance as one of the pillars of the Geroscience hypothesis. However, the potential clinical importance of gut microbiome abnormalities in predicting the risk of cognitive decline in older adults is unclear. Till now the majority of clinical studies were done using 16S rRNA sequencing which only accounts for analyzing bacterial abundance, while lacking an understanding of other crucial microbial kingdoms, such as viruses, fungi, archaea, and the functional profiling of the microbiome community. Utilizing data and samples of older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI; n = 23) and cognitively healthy controls (n = 25). Our whole-genome metagenomic sequencing revealed that the gut of older adults with MCI harbors a less diverse microbiome with a specific increase in total viruses and a decrease in bacterial abundance compared with controls. The virome, bacteriome, and microbial metabolic signatures were significantly distinct in subjects with MCI versus controls. Selected bacteriome signatures show high predictive potential of cognitive dysfunction than virome signatures while combining virome and metabolic signatures with bacteriome boosts the prediction power. Altogether, the results from our pilot study indicate that trans-kingdom microbiome signatures are significantly distinct in MCI gut compared with controls and may have utility for predicting the risk of developing cognitive decline and dementia- debilitating public health problems in older adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diptaraj S Chaudhari
- USF Center for Microbiome Research, Institute for Microbiomes, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
- Microbiome in aging Gut and Brain (MiaGB) Consortium Team, FL, Tampa, USA
| | - Shalini Jain
- USF Center for Microbiome Research, Institute for Microbiomes, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
- Microbiome in aging Gut and Brain (MiaGB) Consortium Team, FL, Tampa, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
- Byrd Alzheimer Center, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Vinod K Yata
- USF Center for Microbiome Research, Institute for Microbiomes, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
- Microbiome in aging Gut and Brain (MiaGB) Consortium Team, FL, Tampa, USA
| | - Sidharth P Mishra
- USF Center for Microbiome Research, Institute for Microbiomes, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Ambuj Kumar
- Microbiome in aging Gut and Brain (MiaGB) Consortium Team, FL, Tampa, USA
- Research Methodology and Biostatistics Core, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Amoy Fraser
- Microbiome in aging Gut and Brain (MiaGB) Consortium Team, FL, Tampa, USA
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, FL, USA
- University of Central Florida College of Medicine, FL, Orlando, United States
| | - Judyta Kociolek
- Microbiome in aging Gut and Brain (MiaGB) Consortium Team, FL, Tampa, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA
| | - Mariana Dangiolo
- Microbiome in aging Gut and Brain (MiaGB) Consortium Team, FL, Tampa, USA
- University of Central Florida College of Medicine, FL, Orlando, United States
| | - Amanda Smith
- Microbiome in aging Gut and Brain (MiaGB) Consortium Team, FL, Tampa, USA
- Byrd Alzheimer Center, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Adam Golden
- Microbiome in aging Gut and Brain (MiaGB) Consortium Team, FL, Tampa, USA
- University of Central Florida College of Medicine, FL, Orlando, United States
| | - Michal M Masternak
- Microbiome in aging Gut and Brain (MiaGB) Consortium Team, FL, Tampa, USA
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, FL, USA
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Peter Holland
- Microbiome in aging Gut and Brain (MiaGB) Consortium Team, FL, Tampa, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA
| | - Marc Agronin
- Microbiome in aging Gut and Brain (MiaGB) Consortium Team, FL, Tampa, USA
- Behavioral Health, MIND Institute, Miami Jewish Health, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Cynthia White-Williams
- Microbiome in aging Gut and Brain (MiaGB) Consortium Team, FL, Tampa, USA
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA
- School of Global Health Management and Informatics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Andrea Y Arikawa
- Microbiome in aging Gut and Brain (MiaGB) Consortium Team, FL, Tampa, USA
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Corinne A Labyak
- Microbiome in aging Gut and Brain (MiaGB) Consortium Team, FL, Tampa, USA
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Hariom Yadav
- USF Center for Microbiome Research, Institute for Microbiomes, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA.
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA.
- Microbiome in aging Gut and Brain (MiaGB) Consortium Team, FL, Tampa, USA.
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA.
- Byrd Alzheimer Center, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Litke R, Vicari J, Huang BT, Shapiro L, Roh KH, Silver A, Talreja P, Palacios N, Yoon Y, Kellner C, Kaniskan H, Vangeti S, Jin J, Ramos-Lopez I, Mobbs C. Novel small molecules inhibit proteotoxicity and inflammation: Mechanistic and therapeutic implications for Alzheimer's Disease, healthspan and lifespan- Aging as a consequence of glycolysis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.06.12.544352. [PMID: 37398396 PMCID: PMC10312632 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.12.544352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation drives many age-related, especially neurological, diseases, and likely mediates age-related proteotoxicity. For example, dementia due to Alzheimer's Disease (AD), cerebral vascular disease, many other neurodegenerative conditions is increasingly among the most devastating burdens on the American (and world) health system and threatens to bankrupt the American health system as the population ages unless effective treatments are developed. Dementia due to either AD or cerebral vascular disease, and plausibly many other neurodegenerative and even psychiatric conditions, is driven by increased age-related inflammation, which in turn appears to mediate Abeta and related proteotoxic processes. The functional significance of inflammation during aging is also supported by the fact that Humira, which is simply an antibody to the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-a, is the best-selling drug in the world by revenue. These observations led us to develop parallel high-throughput screens to discover small molecules which inhibit age-related Abeta proteotoxicity in a C. elegans model of AD AND LPS-induced microglial TNF-a. In the initial screen of 2560 compounds (Microsource Spectrum library) to delay Abeta proteotoxicity, the most protective compounds were, in order, phenylbutyrate, methicillin, and quetiapine, which belong to drug classes (HDAC inhibitors, beta lactam antibiotics, and tricyclic antipsychotics, respectably) already robustly implicated as promising to protect in neurodegenerative diseases, especially AD. RNAi and chemical screens indicated that the protective effects of HDAC inhibitors to reduce Abeta proteotoxicity are mediated by inhibition of HDAC2, also implicated in human AD, dependent on the HAT Creb binding protein (Cbp), which is also required for the protective effects of both dietary restriction and the daf-2 mutation (inactivation of IGF-1 signaling) during aging. In addition to methicillin, several other beta lactam antibiotics also delayed Abeta proteotoxicity and reduced microglial TNF-a. In addition to quetiapine, several other tricyclic antipsychotic drugs also delayed age-related Abeta proteotoxicity and increased microglial TNF-a, leading to the synthesis of a novel congener, GM310, which delays Abeta as well as Huntingtin proteotoxicity, inhibits LPS-induced mouse and human microglial and monocyte TNF-a, is highly concentrated in brain after oral delivery with no apparent toxicity, increases lifespan, and produces molecular responses highly similar to those produced by dietary restriction, including induction of Cbp inhibition of inhibitors of Cbp, and genes promoting a shift away from glycolysis and toward metabolism of alternate (e.g., lipid) substrates. GM310, as well as FDA-approved tricyclic congeners, prevented functional impairments and associated increase in TNF-a in a mouse model of stroke. Robust reduction of glycolysis by GM310 was functionally corroborated by flux analysis, and the glycolytic inhibitor 2-DG inhibited microglial TNF-a and other markers of inflammation, delayed Abeta proteotoxicity, and increased lifespan. These results support the value of phenotypic screens to discover drugs to treat age-related, especially neurological and even psychiatric diseases, including AD and stroke, and to clarify novel mechanisms driving neurodegeneration (e.g., increased microglial glycolysis drives neuroinflammation and subsequent neurotoxicity) suggesting novel treatments (selective inhibitors of microglial glycolysis).
Collapse
|
35
|
Vranceanu AM, Choukas NR, Rochon EA, Duarte B, Pietrzykowski MO, McDermott K, Hooker JE, Kulich R, Quiroz YT, Parker RA, Macklin EA, Ritchie C, Mace RA. Addressing the Chronic Pain-Early Cognitive Decline Comorbidity Among Older Adults: Protocol for the Active Brains Remote Efficacy Trial. JMIR Res Protoc 2023; 12:e47319. [PMID: 37768713 PMCID: PMC10570897 DOI: 10.2196/47319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic pain and early cognitive decline, which are costly to treat and highly prevalent among older adults, commonly co-occur, exacerbate one another over time, and can accelerate the development and progression of Alzheimer disease and related dementias. We developed the first mind-body activity program (Active Brains [AB]) tailored to the needs of older adults with chronic pain and early cognitive decline. Results from our previous study strongly supported the feasibility of conducting AB remotely and provided evidence for improvements in outcomes. OBJECTIVE We are conducting a single-blinded, National Institutes of Health stage-2, randomized clinical trial to establish the efficacy of AB versus a time-matched and dose-matched education control (Health Enhancement Program [HEP]) in improving self-reported and objective outcomes of physical, cognitive, and emotional functions in 260 participants. The methodology described in this paper was informed by the lessons learned from the first year of the trial. METHODS Participants are identified and recruited through multidisciplinary clinician-referred individuals (eg, pain psychologists and geriatricians), the Rally Research platform, social media, and community partnerships. Interested participants complete eligibility screening and electronic informed consent. Baseline assessments include self-report, performance-based measures (eg, 6-min walk test) and objective measures (eg, Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status). Participants are mailed a wrist-worn ActiGraph device (ActiGraph LLC) to passively monitor objective function (eg, steps) during the week between the baseline assessment and the beginning of the programs, which they continue to wear throughout the programs. After baseline assessments, participants are randomized to either AB or HEP and complete 8 weekly, remote, group sessions with a Massachusetts General Hospital psychologist. The AB group receives a Fitbit (Fitbit Inc) to help reinforce increased activity. Assessments are repeated after the intervention and at the 6-month follow-up. Coprimary outcomes include multimodal physical function (self-report, performance based, and objective). Secondary outcomes are cognitive function (self-report and objective), emotional function, and pain. RESULTS We began recruitment in July 2022 and recruited 37 participants across 4 cohorts. Of them, all (n=37, 100%) have completed the baseline assessment, 26 (70%) have completed the posttest assessment, and 9 (24%) are actively enrolled in the intervention (total dropout: n=2, 5%). In the three cohorts (26/37, 70%) that have completed the AB or HEP, 26 (100%) participants completed all 8 group sessions (including minimal makeups), and watch adherence (1937/2072, 93.48%, average across ActiGraph and Fitbit devices) has been excellent. The fourth cohort is ongoing (9/37, 24%), and we plan to complete enrollment by March 2026. CONCLUSIONS We aim to establish the efficacy of the AB program over a time-matched and dose-matched control in a live video-based trial and test the mechanisms through theoretically driven mediators and moderators. Findings will inform the development of a future multisite effectiveness-implementation trial. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05373745; https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05373745. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/47319.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana-Maria Vranceanu
- Center for Health Outcomes and Interdisciplinary Research, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Nathaniel R Choukas
- Center for Health Outcomes and Interdisciplinary Research, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Elizabeth A Rochon
- Center for Health Outcomes and Interdisciplinary Research, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Brooke Duarte
- Center for Health Outcomes and Interdisciplinary Research, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Malvina O Pietrzykowski
- Center for Health Outcomes and Interdisciplinary Research, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Katherine McDermott
- Center for Health Outcomes and Interdisciplinary Research, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Julia E Hooker
- Center for Health Outcomes and Interdisciplinary Research, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ronald Kulich
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Yakeel T Quiroz
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Multicultural Alzheimer's Prevention Program, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Robert A Parker
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Biostatistics Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Eric A Macklin
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Biostatistics Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Christine Ritchie
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Mongan Institute Center for Aging and Serious Illness and the Division of Palliative Care and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ryan A Mace
- Center for Health Outcomes and Interdisciplinary Research, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Loeffler DA. Antibody-Mediated Clearance of Brain Amyloid-β: Mechanisms of Action, Effects of Natural and Monoclonal Anti-Aβ Antibodies, and Downstream Effects. J Alzheimers Dis Rep 2023; 7:873-899. [PMID: 37662616 PMCID: PMC10473157 DOI: 10.3233/adr-230025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapeutic efforts to slow the clinical progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) by lowering brain amyloid-β (Aβ) have included Aβ vaccination, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) products, and anti-Aβ monoclonal antibodies. Neither Aβ vaccination nor IVIG slowed disease progression. Despite conflicting phase III results, the monoclonal antibody Aducanumab received Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval for treatment of AD in June 2021. The only treatments unequivocally demonstrated to slow AD progression to date are the monoclonal antibodies Lecanemab and Donanemab. Lecanemab received FDA approval in January 2023 based on phase II results showing lowering of PET-detectable Aβ; phase III results released at that time indicated slowing of disease progression. Topline results released in May 2023 for Donanemab's phase III trial revealed that primary and secondary end points had been met. Antibody binding to Aβ facilitates its clearance from the brain via multiple mechanisms including promoting its microglial phagocytosis, activating complement, dissolving fibrillar Aβ, and binding of antibody-Aβ complexes to blood-brain barrier receptors. Antibody binding to Aβ in peripheral blood may also promote cerebral efflux of Aβ by a peripheral sink mechanism. According to the amyloid hypothesis, for Aβ targeting to slow AD progression, it must decrease downstream neuropathological processes including tau aggregation and phosphorylation and (possibly) inflammation and oxidative stress. This review discusses antibody-mediated mechanisms of Aβ clearance, findings in AD trials involving Aβ vaccination, IVIG, and anti-Aβ monoclonal antibodies, downstream effects reported in those trials, and approaches which might improve the Aβ-clearing ability of monoclonal antibodies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David A. Loeffler
- Beaumont Research Institute, Department of Neurology, Corewell Health, Royal Oak, MI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Bauer J, Rajagopal N, Gupta P, Gupta P, Nixon AE, Kumar S. How can we discover developable antibody-based biotherapeutics? Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1221626. [PMID: 37609373 PMCID: PMC10441133 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1221626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibody-based biotherapeutics have emerged as a successful class of pharmaceuticals despite significant challenges and risks to their discovery and development. This review discusses the most frequently encountered hurdles in the research and development (R&D) of antibody-based biotherapeutics and proposes a conceptual framework called biopharmaceutical informatics. Our vision advocates for the syncretic use of computation and experimentation at every stage of biologic drug discovery, considering developability (manufacturability, safety, efficacy, and pharmacology) of potential drug candidates from the earliest stages of the drug discovery phase. The computational advances in recent years allow for more precise formulation of disease concepts, rapid identification, and validation of targets suitable for therapeutic intervention and discovery of potential biotherapeutics that can agonize or antagonize them. Furthermore, computational methods for de novo and epitope-specific antibody design are increasingly being developed, opening novel computationally driven opportunities for biologic drug discovery. Here, we review the opportunities and limitations of emerging computational approaches for optimizing antigens to generate robust immune responses, in silico generation of antibody sequences, discovery of potential antibody binders through virtual screening, assessment of hits, identification of lead drug candidates and their affinity maturation, and optimization for developability. The adoption of biopharmaceutical informatics across all aspects of drug discovery and development cycles should help bring affordable and effective biotherapeutics to patients more quickly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joschka Bauer
- Early Stage Pharmaceutical Development Biologicals, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach/Riss, Germany
- In Silico Team, Boehringer Ingelheim, Hannover, Germany
| | - Nandhini Rajagopal
- In Silico Team, Boehringer Ingelheim, Hannover, Germany
- Biotherapeutics Discovery, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., Ridgefield, CT, United States
| | - Priyanka Gupta
- In Silico Team, Boehringer Ingelheim, Hannover, Germany
- Biotherapeutics Discovery, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., Ridgefield, CT, United States
| | - Pankaj Gupta
- In Silico Team, Boehringer Ingelheim, Hannover, Germany
- Biotherapeutics Discovery, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., Ridgefield, CT, United States
| | - Andrew E. Nixon
- Biotherapeutics Discovery, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., Ridgefield, CT, United States
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- In Silico Team, Boehringer Ingelheim, Hannover, Germany
- Biotherapeutics Discovery, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., Ridgefield, CT, United States
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Li Q, Yang X, Xu J, Guo Y, He X, Hu H, Lyu T, Marra D, Miller A, Smith G, DeKosky S, Boyce RD, Schliep K, Shenkman E, Maraganore D, Wu Y, Bian J. Early prediction of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias using real-world electronic health records. Alzheimers Dement 2023; 19:3506-3518. [PMID: 36815661 PMCID: PMC10976442 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aims to explore machine learning (ML) methods for early prediction of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related dementias (ADRD) using the real-world electronic health records (EHRs). METHODS A total of 23,835 ADRD and 1,038,643 control patients were identified from the OneFlorida+ Research Consortium. Two ML methods were used to develop the prediction models. Both knowledge-driven and data-driven approaches were explored. Four computable phenotyping algorithms were tested. RESULTS The gradient boosting tree (GBT) models trained with the data-driven approach achieved the best area under the curve (AUC) scores of 0.939, 0.906, 0.884, and 0.854 for early prediction of ADRD 0, 1, 3, or 5 years before diagnosis, respectively. A number of important clinical and sociodemographic factors were identified. DISCUSSION We tested various settings and showed the predictive ability of using ML approaches for early prediction of ADRD with EHRs. The models can help identify high-risk individuals for early informed preventive or prognostic clinical decisions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Xi Yang
- Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Jie Xu
- Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Yi Guo
- Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Xing He
- Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Hui Hu
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tianchen Lyu
- Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - David Marra
- Department of Psychology, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Amber Miller
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Glenn Smith
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Steven DeKosky
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Richard D. Boyce
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Karen Schliep
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Elizabeth Shenkman
- Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Demetrius Maraganore
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Yonghui Wu
- Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Jiang Bian
- Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Rollo J, Crawford J, Hardy J. A dynamical systems approach for multiscale synthesis of Alzheimer's pathogenesis. Neuron 2023; 111:2126-2139. [PMID: 37172582 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a spatially dynamic pathology that implicates a growing volume of multiscale data spanning genetic, cellular, tissue, and organ levels of the organization. These data and bioinformatics analyses provide clear evidence for the interactions within and between these levels. The resulting heterarchy precludes a linear neuron-centric approach and necessitates that the numerous interactions are measured in a way that predicts their impact on the emergent dynamics of the disease. This level of complexity confounds intuition, and we propose a new methodology that uses non-linear dynamical systems modeling to augment intuition and that links with a community-wide participatory platform to co-create and test system-level hypotheses and interventions. In addition to enabling the integration of multiscale knowledge, key benefits include a more rapid innovation cycle and a rational process for prioritization of data campaigns. We argue that such an approach is essential to support the discovery of multilevel-coordinated polypharmaceutical interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Rollo
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK.
| | - John Crawford
- Adam Smith Business School, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - John Hardy
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Srivastava H, Lasher AT, Nagarajan A, Sun LY. Sexual dimorphism in the peripheral metabolic homeostasis and behavior in the TgF344-AD rat model of Alzheimer's disease. Aging Cell 2023; 22:e13854. [PMID: 37095621 PMCID: PMC10352566 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), a prevalent form of dementia, is characterized by the decline of cognitive abilities with age. Available treatment options for AD are limited, making it a significant public health concern. Recent research suggests that metabolic dysfunction plays a role in the development of AD. In addition, insulin therapy has been shown to improve memory in patients with cognitive decline. In this study, we report the first examination of body composition, peripheral insulin sensitivity, and glucose tolerance in relation to behavioral assessments of learning, memory, and anxiety in the TgF344-AD rat model of AD. Results from glucose and insulin tolerance tests show that female TgF344-AD rats exhibit impaired glucose clearance and reduced insulin sensitivity at both 9 and 12 months of age, while males display no differences at 9 months and even improved glucose clearance at 12 months. Results from the Morris Water Maze assessment of learning and memory reveal that male TgF344-AD rats display impairments at both 9 and 12 months of age, while female TgF344-AD rats only show impairments at 12 months. Furthermore, results from open field and elevated plus maze tests suggest that female TgF344-AD rats display increased anxiety at 9 months of age; however, no differences were detected in males or at 12 months of age. Overall, our findings suggest that impairments in metabolism, commonly associated with type 2 diabetes, occur before or simultaneously with cognitive decline and anxiety in a sexually dimorphic manner in the TgF344-AD rat model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hemant Srivastava
- Department of BiologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA
| | | | - Akash Nagarajan
- Department of BiologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA
| | - Liou Y. Sun
- Department of BiologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Fulop T, Ramassamy C, Lévesque S, Frost EH, Laurent B, Lacombe G, Khalil A, Larbi A, Hirokawa K, Desroches M, Rodrigues S, Bourgade K, Cohen AA, Witkowski JM. Viruses - a major cause of amyloid deposition in the brain. Expert Rev Neurother 2023; 23:775-790. [PMID: 37551672 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2023.2244162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Clinically, Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a syndrome with a spectrum of various cognitive disorders. There is a complete dissociation between the pathology and the clinical presentation. Therefore, we need a disruptive new approach to be able to prevent and treat AD. AREAS COVERED In this review, the authors extensively discuss the evidence why the amyloid beta is not the pathological cause of AD which makes therefore the amyloid hypothesis not sustainable anymore. They review the experimental evidence underlying the role of microbes, especially that of viruses, as a trigger/cause for the production of amyloid beta leading to the establishment of a chronic neuroinflammation as the mediator manifesting decades later by AD as a clinical spectrum. In this context, the emergence and consequences of the infection/antimicrobial protection hypothesis are described. The epidemiological and clinical data supporting this hypothesis are also analyzed. EXPERT OPINION For decades, we have known that viruses are involved in the pathogenesis of AD. This discovery was ignored and discarded for a long time. Now we should accept this fact, which is not a hypothesis anymore, and stimulate the research community to come up with new ideas, new treatments, and new concepts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tamas Fulop
- Research Center on Aging, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé Et Services Sociaux de l'Estrie-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | | | - Simon Lévesque
- CIUSSS de l'Estrie - CHUS, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie Et Infectiologie, Faculté de Médecine Et des Sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Eric H Frost
- Département de Microbiologie Et Infectiologie, Faculté de Médecine Et des Sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Benoit Laurent
- Research Center on Aging, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé Et Services Sociaux de l'Estrie-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Functional Genomics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Guy Lacombe
- Research Center on Aging, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé Et Services Sociaux de l'Estrie-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Abedelouahed Khalil
- Research Center on Aging, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé Et Services Sociaux de l'Estrie-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Anis Larbi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Katsuiku Hirokawa
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Health and Life Science, Tokyo Medical Dental University, Tokyo and Nito-Memory Nakanosogo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mathieu Desroches
- MathNeuro Team, Inria Sophia Antipolis Méditerranée, Biot, France
- Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Serafim Rodrigues
- Ikerbasque, BCAM, the Basque Foundation for Science and BCAM - The Basque Center for Applied Mathematics, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Karine Bourgade
- Research Center on Aging, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé Et Services Sociaux de l'Estrie-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Alan A Cohen
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Butler Columbia Aging Center, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jacek M Witkowski
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Passero M, Zhai T, Huang Z. Investigation of Potential Drug Targets for Cholesterol Regulation to Treat Alzheimer's Disease. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6217. [PMID: 37444065 PMCID: PMC10341567 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20136217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Despite extensive research and seven approved drugs, the complex interplay of genes, proteins, and pathways in Alzheimer's disease remains a challenge. This implies the intricacies of the mechanism for Alzheimer's disease, which involves the interaction of hundreds of genes, proteins, and pathways. While the major hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease are the accumulation of amyloid plaques and tau protein tangles, excessive accumulation of cholesterol is reportedly correlated with Alzheimer's disease patients. In this work, protein-protein interaction analysis was conducted based upon the genes from a clinical database to identify the top protein targets with most data-indicated involvement in Alzheimer's disease, which include ABCA1, CYP46A1, BACE1, TREM2, GSK3B, and SREBP2. The reactions and pathways associated with these genes were thoroughly studied for their roles in regulating brain cholesterol biosynthesis, amyloid beta accumulation, and tau protein tangle formation. Existing clinical trials for each protein target were also investigated. The research indicated that the inhibition of SREBP2, BACE1, or GSK3B is beneficial to reduce cholesterol and amyloid beta accumulation, while the activation of ABCA1, CYP46A1, or TREM2 has similar effects. In this study, Sterol Regulatory Element-Binding Protein 2 (SREBP2) emerged as the primary protein target. SREBP2 serves a pivotal role in maintaining cholesterol balance, acting as a transcription factor that controls the expression of several enzymes pivotal for cholesterol biosynthesis. Novel studies suggest that SREBP2 performs a multifaceted role in Alzheimer's disease. The hyperactivity of SREBP2 may lead to heightened cholesterol biosynthesis, which suggested association with the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Lowering SREBP2 levels in an Alzheimer's disease mouse model results in reduced production of amyloid-beta, a major contributor to Alzheimer's disease progression. Moreover, its thoroughly analyzed crystal structure allows for computer-aided screening of potential inhibitors; SREBP2 is thus selected as a prospective drug target. While more protein targets can be added onto the list in the future, this work provides an overview of key proteins involved in the regulation of brain cholesterol biosynthesis that may be further investigated for Alzheimer's disease intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zuyi Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Villanova University, Villanova, PA 19085, USA
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Foster PJ, Atan D, Khawaja A, Lotery A, MacGillivray T, Owen CG, Patel PJ, Petzold A, Rudnicka A, Sun Z, Sheard S, Allen N. Cohort profile: rationale and methods of UK Biobank repeat imaging study eye measures to study dementia. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e069258. [PMID: 37355273 PMCID: PMC10314584 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-069258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The retina provides biomarkers of neuronal and vascular health that offer promising insights into cognitive ageing, mild cognitive impairment and dementia. This article described the rationale and methodology of eye and vision assessments with the aim of supporting the study of dementia in the UK Biobank Repeat Imaging study. PARTICIPANTS UK Biobank is a large-scale, multicentre, prospective cohort containing in-depth genetic, lifestyle, environmental and health information from half a million participants aged 40-69 enrolled in 2006-2010 across the UK. A subset (up to 60 000 participants) of the cohort will be invited to the UK Biobank Repeat Imaging Study to collect repeated brain, cardiac and abdominal MRI scans, whole-body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, carotid ultrasound, as well as retinal optical coherence tomography (OCT) and colour fundus photographs. FINDINGS TO DATE UK Biobank has helped make significant advances in understanding risk factors for many common diseases, including for dementia and cognitive decline. Ophthalmic genetic and epidemiology studies have also benefited from the unparalleled combination of very large numbers of participants, deep phenotyping and longitudinal follow-up of the cohort, with comprehensive health data linkage to disease outcomes. In addition, we have used UK Biobank data to describe the relationship between retinal structures, cognitive function and brain MRI-derived phenotypes. FUTURE PLANS The collection of eye-related data (eg, OCT), as part of the UK Biobank Repeat Imaging study, will take place in 2022-2028. The depth and breadth and longitudinal nature of this dataset, coupled with its open-access policy, will create a major new resource for dementia diagnostic discovery and to better understand its association with comorbid diseases. In addition, the broad and diverse data available in this study will support research into ophthalmic diseases and various other health outcomes beyond dementia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul J Foster
- Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, NIHR Moorfields Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
| | - Denize Atan
- Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Anthony Khawaja
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust & UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK
| | - Andrew Lotery
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Tom MacGillivray
- Clinical Research Imaging Centre, Queens Medical Research Institution, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Christopher G Owen
- Population Health Research Institute, St Georges Medical School, University of London, London, UK
| | - Praveen J Patel
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Axel Petzold
- Department of Molecular Neurosciences, Moorfields Eye Hospital and The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, UCL, London, UK
- Departments of Neurology, Ophthalmology and Expertise Center for Neuro-ophthalmology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alicja Rudnicka
- Population Health Research Institute, St Georges Medical School, University of London, London, UK
| | - Zihan Sun
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Naomi Allen
- UK Biobank, Stockport, UK
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Gupta S, Dasmahapatra AK. Lycopene destabilizes preformed Aβ fibrils: Mechanistic insights from all-atom molecular dynamics simulation. Comput Biol Chem 2023; 105:107903. [PMID: 37320982 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2023.107903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The therapeutic strategy employing destabilization of the preformed Aβ fibril by various natural compounds, as studied by experimental and computational methods, has been reported significant in curing Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, lycopene (a carotenoid), from terpenes family, needs investigation for its destabilization potential of Aβ fibril. The highest antioxidant potential and ability to cross blood brain barrier makes lycopene a preferred choice as drug lead for treating AD. The current study focuses on investigating the destabilization potential and underpinning mechanism of lycopene on different polymorphic forms of Aβ fibril via Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulation. The key findings highlight binding of lycopene to the outer surface of the chain F of the fibril (2NAO). Herein G9, K16 and V18 residues were found to be involved in van der Waals with the methyl groups of the lycopene. Additionally, Y10 and F20 residues were observed to interact via π-π interactions with CC bonds of the lycopene. The surface mediated binding of lycopene to the fibril is attributed to the large size and structural rigidity of lycopene along with the bulky size of 2NAO and narrow space of fibrillar cavity. The destabilization of the fibril is evident by breakage of inherent H-bonds and hydrophobic interactions in the presence of one lycopene molecule. The lesser β-sheet content explains disorganization of the fibril and bars the higher order aggregation curbing neurotoxicity of the fibril. The higher concentration of the lycopene is not found to be linearly correlated with the extent of destabilization of the fibril. Lycopene is also observed to destabilize the other polymorphic form of Aβ fibril (2BEG), by accessing the fibrillar cavity and lowering the β-sheet content. The destabilization observed by lycopene on two major polymorphs of Aβ fibril explains its potency towards developing an effective therapeutic approach in treating AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shivani Gupta
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Ashok Kumar Dasmahapatra
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India; Center for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Diomede L, Zanier ER, Moro F, Vegliante G, Colombo L, Russo L, Cagnotto A, Natale C, Xodo FM, De Luigi A, Mosconi M, Beeg M, Catania M, Rossi G, Tagliavini F, Di Fede G, Salmona M. Aβ1-6 A2V(D) peptide, effective on Aβ aggregation, inhibits tau misfolding and protects the brain after traumatic brain injury. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:2433-2444. [PMID: 37198260 PMCID: PMC10611578 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02101-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), the leading cause of dementia in older adults, is a double proteinopathy characterized by amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau pathology. Despite enormous efforts that have been spent in the last decades to find effective therapies, late pharmacological interventions along the course of the disease, inaccurate clinical methodologies in the enrollment of patients, and inadequate biomarkers for evaluating drug efficacy have not allowed the development of an effective therapeutic strategy. The approaches followed so far for developing drugs or antibodies focused solely on targeting Aβ or tau protein. This paper explores the potential therapeutic capacity of an all-D-isomer synthetic peptide limited to the first six amino acids of the N-terminal sequence of the A2V-mutated Aβ, Aβ1-6A2V(D), that was developed following the observation of a clinical case that provided the background for its development. We first performed an in-depth biochemical characterization documenting the capacity of Aβ1-6A2V(D) to interfere with the aggregation and stability of tau protein. To tackle Aβ1-6A2V(D) in vivo effects against a neurological decline in genetically predisposed or acquired high AD risk mice, we tested its effects in triple transgenic animals harboring human PS1(M146 V), APP(SW), and MAPT(P301L) transgenes and aged wild-type mice exposed to experimental traumatic brain injury (TBI), a recognized risk factor for AD. We found that Aβ1-6A2V(D) treatment in TBI mice improved neurological outcomes and reduced blood markers of axonal damage. Exploiting the C. elegans model as a biosensor of amyloidogenic proteins' toxicity, we observed a rescue of locomotor defects in nematodes exposed to the brain homogenates from TBI mice treated with Aβ1-6A2V(D) compared to TBI controls. By this integrated approach, we demonstrate that Aβ1-6A2V(D) not only impedes tau aggregation but also favors its degradation by tissue proteases, confirming that this peptide interferes with both Aβ and tau aggregation propensity and proteotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Diomede
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, Milan, Italy.
| | - Elisa R Zanier
- Department of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, Milan, Italy
| | - Federico Moro
- Department of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, Milan, Italy
| | - Gloria Vegliante
- Department of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Colombo
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Russo
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, Milan, Italy
| | - Alfredo Cagnotto
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, Milan, Italy
| | - Carmina Natale
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Marta Xodo
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, Milan, Italy
| | - Ada De Luigi
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, Milan, Italy
| | - Michele Mosconi
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, Milan, Italy
| | - Marten Beeg
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, Milan, Italy
| | - Marcella Catania
- Neurology V - Neuropathology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, Milan, Italy
| | - Giacomina Rossi
- Neurology V - Neuropathology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Tagliavini
- Neurology V - Neuropathology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Di Fede
- Neurology V - Neuropathology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, Milan, Italy
| | - Mario Salmona
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, Milan, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Walton-Raaby M, Woods R, Kalyaanamoorthy S. Investigating the Theranostic Potential of Graphene Quantum Dots in Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119476. [PMID: 37298426 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, with no definitive diagnosis or known cure. The aggregation of Tau protein into neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), which contain straight filaments (SFs) and paired helical filaments (PHFs), is a major hallmark of AD. Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) are a type of nanomaterial that combat many of the small-molecule therapeutic challenges in AD and have shown promise in similar pathologies. In this study, two sizes of GQDs, GQD7 and GQD28, were docked to various forms of Tau monomers, SFs, and PHFs. From the favorable docked poses, we simulated each system for at least 300 ns and calculated the free energies of binding. We observed a clear preference for GQD28 in the PHF6 (306VQIVYK311) pathological hexapeptide region of monomeric Tau, while GQD7 targeted both the PHF6 and PHF6* (275VQIINK280) pathological hexapeptide regions. In SFs, GQD28 had a high affinity for a binding site that is available in AD but not in other common tauopathies, while GQD7 behaved promiscuously. In PHFs, GQD28 interacted strongly near the protofibril interface at the putative disaggregation site for epigallocatechin-3-gallate, and GQD7 largely interacted with PHF6. Our analyses revealed several key GQD binding sites that may be used for detecting, preventing, and disassembling the Tau aggregates in AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Max Walton-Raaby
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Riley Woods
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Xu J, Wang F, Zang C, Zhang H, Niotis K, Liberman AL, Stonnington CM, Ishii M, Adekkanattu P, Luo Y, Mao C, Rasmussen LV, Xu Z, Brandt P, Pacheco JA, Peng Y, Jiang G, Isaacson R, Pathak J. Comparing the effects of four common drug classes on the progression of mild cognitive impairment to dementia using electronic health records. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8102. [PMID: 37208478 PMCID: PMC10199021 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35258-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the potential association between the use of four frequently prescribed drug classes, namely antihypertensive drugs, statins, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, and proton-pump inhibitors, and the likelihood of disease progression from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to dementia using electronic health records (EHRs). We conducted a retrospective cohort study using observational EHRs from a cohort of approximately 2 million patients seen at a large, multi-specialty urban academic medical center in New York City, USA between 2008 and 2020 to automatically emulate the randomized controlled trials. For each drug class, two exposure groups were identified based on the prescription orders documented in the EHRs following their MCI diagnosis. During follow-up, we measured drug efficacy based on the incidence of dementia and estimated the average treatment effect (ATE) of various drugs. To ensure the robustness of our findings, we confirmed the ATE estimates via bootstrapping and presented associated 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Our analysis identified 14,269 MCI patients, among whom 2501 (17.5%) progressed to dementia. Using average treatment estimation and bootstrapping confirmation, we observed that drugs including rosuvastatin (ATE = - 0.0140 [- 0.0191, - 0.0088], p value < 0.001), citalopram (ATE = - 0.1128 [- 0.125, - 0.1005], p value < 0.001), escitalopram (ATE = - 0.0560 [- 0.0615, - 0.0506], p value < 0.001), and omeprazole (ATE = - 0.0201 [- 0.0299, - 0.0103], p value < 0.001) have a statistically significant association in slowing the progression from MCI to dementia. The findings from this study support the commonly prescribed drugs in altering the progression from MCI to dementia and warrant further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xu
- University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Fei Wang
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Hao Zhang
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Yuan Luo
- Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Yifan Peng
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Petrovskaya A, Tverskoi A, Medvedeva A, Nazarova M. Is blood-brain barrier a probable mediator of non-invasive brain stimulation effects on Alzheimer's disease? Commun Biol 2023; 6:416. [PMID: 37059824 PMCID: PMC10104838 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04717-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex neurodegenerative disease with no existing treatment leading to full recovery. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown usually precedes the advent of first symptoms in AD and accompanies the progression of the disease. At the same time deliberate BBB opening may be beneficial for drug delivery in AD. Non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques, primarily transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), have shown multiple evidence of being able to alleviate symptoms of AD. Currently, TMS/tDCS mechanisms are mostly investigated in terms of their neuronal effects, while their possible non-neuronal effects, including mitigation of the BBB disruption, are less studied. We argue that studies of TMS/tDCS effects on the BBB in AD are necessary to boost the effectiveness of neuromodulation in AD. Moreover, such studies are important considering the safety issues of TMS/tDCS use in the advanced AD stages when the BBB is usually dramatically deteriorated. Here, we elucidate the evidence of NIBS-induced BBB opening and closing in various models from in vitro to humans, and highlight its importance in AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Petrovskaya
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
| | - Artem Tverskoi
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Angela Medvedeva
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, US
| | - Maria Nazarova
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
- Center for Cognition and Decision Making, Institute for Cognitive Neuroscience, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, 101000, Russian Federation
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Faisal M, Aid J, Nodirov B, Lee B, Hickey MA. Preclinical trials in Alzheimer's disease: Sample size and effect size for behavioural and neuropathological outcomes in 5xFAD mice. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0281003. [PMID: 37036878 PMCID: PMC10085059 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
5xFAD transgenic (TG) mice are used widely in AD preclinical trials; however, data on sample sizes are largely unaddressed. We therefore performed estimates of sample sizes and effect sizes for typical behavioural and neuropathological outcome measures in TG 5xFAD mice, based upon data from single-sex (female) groups. Group-size estimates to detect normalisation of TG body weight to WT littermate levels at 5.5m of age were N = 9-15 depending upon algorithm. However, by 1 year of age, group sizes were small (N = 1 -<6), likely reflecting the large difference between genotypes at this age. To detect normalisation of TG open-field hyperactivity to WT levels at 13-14m, group sizes were also small (N = 6-8). Cued learning in the Morris water maze (MWM) was normal in Young TG mice (5m of age). Mild deficits were noted during MWM spatial learning and memory. MWM reversal learning and memory revealed greater impairment, and groups of up to 22 TG mice were estimated to detect normalisation to WT performance. In contrast, Aged TG mice (tested between 13 and 14m) failed to complete the visual learning (non-spatial) phase of MWM learning, likely due to a failure to recognise the platform as an escape. Estimates of group size to detect normalisation of this severe impairment were small (N = 6-9, depending upon algorithm). Other cognitive tests including spontaneous and forced alternation and novel-object recognition either failed to reveal deficits in TG mice or deficits were negligible. For neuropathological outcomes, plaque load, astrocytosis and microgliosis in frontal cortex and hippocampus were quantified in TG mice aged 2m, 4m and 6m. Sample-size estimates were ≤9 to detect the equivalent of a reduction in plaque load to the level of 2m-old TG mice or the equivalent of normalisation of neuroinflammation outcomes. However, for a smaller effect size of 30%, larger groups of up to 21 mice were estimated. In light of published guidelines on preclinical trial design, these data may be used to provide provisional sample sizes and optimise preclinical trials in 5xFAD TG mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahvish Faisal
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine and
Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jana Aid
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine and
Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Bekzod Nodirov
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine and
Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Benjamin Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine and
Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Miriam A. Hickey
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine and
Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Chadwick W, Maudsley S, Hull W, Havolli E, Boshoff E, Hill MDW, Goetghebeur PJD, Harrison DC, Nizami S, Bedford DC, Coope G, Real K, Thiemermann C, Maycox P, Carlton M, Cole SL. The oDGal Mouse: A Novel, Physiologically Relevant Rodent Model of Sporadic Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24086953. [PMID: 37108119 PMCID: PMC10138655 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24086953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Sporadic Alzheimer's disease (sAD) represents a serious and growing worldwide economic and healthcare burden. Almost 95% of current AD patients are associated with sAD as opposed to patients presenting with well-characterized genetic mutations that lead to AD predisposition, i.e., familial AD (fAD). Presently, the use of transgenic (Tg) animals overexpressing human versions of these causative fAD genes represents the dominant research model for AD therapeutic development. As significant differences in etiology exist between sAD and fAD, it is perhaps more appropriate to develop novel, more sAD-reminiscent experimental models that would expedite the discovery of effective therapies for the majority of AD patients. Here we present the oDGal mouse model, a novel model of sAD that displays a range of AD-like pathologies as well as multiple cognitive deficits reminiscent of AD symptomology. Hippocampal cognitive impairment and pathology were delayed with N-acetyl-cysteine (NaC) treatment, which strongly suggests that reactive oxygen species (ROS) are the drivers of downstream pathologies such as elevated amyloid beta and hyperphosphorylated tau. These features demonstrate a desired pathophenotype that distinguishes our model from current transgenic rodent AD models. A preclinical model that presents a phenotype of non-genetic AD-like pathologies and cognitive deficits would benefit the sAD field, particularly when translating therapeutics from the preclinical to the clinical phase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wayne Chadwick
- Takeda Cambridge, 418 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0PZ, UK
| | - Stuart Maudsley
- Receptor Biology Lab, University of Antwerp, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - William Hull
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Centre for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Enes Havolli
- Takeda Cambridge, 418 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0PZ, UK
| | - Eugene Boshoff
- Takeda Cambridge, 418 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0PZ, UK
| | - Mark D W Hill
- Takeda Cambridge, 418 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0PZ, UK
| | | | - David C Harrison
- Takeda Cambridge, 418 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0PZ, UK
| | - Sohaib Nizami
- Takeda Cambridge, 418 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0PZ, UK
| | - David C Bedford
- Takeda Cambridge, 418 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0PZ, UK
| | - Gareth Coope
- Takeda Cambridge, 418 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0PZ, UK
| | - Katia Real
- Takeda Cambridge, 418 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0PZ, UK
| | - Christoph Thiemermann
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Centre for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Peter Maycox
- Takeda Cambridge, 418 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0PZ, UK
| | - Mark Carlton
- Takeda Cambridge, 418 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0PZ, UK
| | - Sarah L Cole
- Takeda Cambridge, 418 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0PZ, UK
| |
Collapse
|