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Abd El-Ghany WA, Algammal AM, Hetta HF, Elbestawy AR. Gallibacterium anatis infection in poultry: a comprehensive review. Trop Anim Health Prod 2023; 55:383. [PMID: 37889324 PMCID: PMC10611880 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-023-03796-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Gallibacterium anatis (G. anatis), a member of the Pasteurellaceae family, normally inhabits the upper respiratory and lower genital tracts of poultry. However, under certain circumstances of immunosuppression, co-infection (especially with Escherichia coli or Mycoplasma), or various stressors, G. anatis caused respiratory, reproductive, and systemic diseases. Infection with G. anatis has emerged in different countries worldwide. The bacterium affects mainly chickens; however, other species of domestic and wild birds may get infected. Horizontal, vertical, and venereal routes of G. anatis infection have been reported. The pathogenicity of G. anatis is principally related to the presence of some essential virulence factors such as Gallibacterium toxin A, fimbriae, haemagglutinin, outer membrane vesicles, capsule, biofilms, and protease. The clinical picture of G. anatis infection is mainly represented as tracheitis, oophoritis, salpingitis, and peritonitis, while other lesions may be noted in cases of concomitant infection. Control of such infection depends mainly on applying biosecurity measures and vaccination. The antimicrobial sensitivity test is necessary for the correct treatment of G. anatis. However, the development of multiple drug resistance is common. This review article sheds light on G. anatis regarding history, susceptibility, dissemination, virulence factors, pathogenesis, clinical picture, diagnosis, and control measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wafaa A Abd El-Ghany
- Poultry Diseases Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt.
| | - Abdelazeem M Algammal
- Bacteriology, Immunology, and Mycology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Helal F Hetta
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71515, Egypt
| | - Ahmed R Elbestawy
- Poultry and Fish Diseases Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, El-Beheira, 22511, Egypt
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2
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Christensen H, Sells SF, MacGlover C, Bisgaard M. Classification of Bisgaard taxon 6 and taxon 10 as Exercitatus varius gen. nov., sp. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2023; 73. [PMID: 37882672 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.006092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Forty-one isolates of Bisgaard taxon 6 obtained from guinea pigs, pandas, pigs and muskrat and isolates of taxon 10 from horses and horse bites in humans were subjected phenotypic characterization. Production of acid from (-)-d-mannitol, (-)-d-sorbitol and (+)-d-glycogen separated taxon 10 (positive) from taxon 6 (negative), while from two to 11 phenotypic characteristics separated taxa 6 and 10 from the 32 genera of Pasteurellaceae reported so far. Forty-four strains were genetically characterized. Sequencing of 16S rRNA genes documented a monophyletic relationship at the species level and the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of 95.6 % to other species was found between strain CCUG 15568T and the type strain of Mannheimia glucosida (CCUG 38457T). Digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) values predicted from whole genomic sequences between CCUG 15568T and other characterized strains of taxa 6 and 10 were 69.3-99.9 %. The average nucleotide identity values were higher than 95 % for all strains. The highest dDDH value of 29 % outside the taxa 6 and 10 group was obtained with the genome of the type strain of [Actinobacillus] succinogenes, indicating a separate taxonomic status at species level to taxa 6 and 10. The phylogenetic comparison of concatenated conserved protein sequences showed the unique position of the taxa investigated in the current study which qualified for the status of a new genus since the highest identity was found with Basfia with 79 %, well below the upper threshold between genera of 85 %. Based upon the low genetic similarity to other genera of the family Pasteurellaceae and a unique phenotype, we suggest that Bisgaard taxa 6 and 10 should be classified as Exercitatus varius gen. nov., sp. nov. The G+C of the type strain of Exercitatus varius, 8.5T (=CCUG 15568T=DSM 115565T), is 46.2 mol%, calculated from the whole genome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrik Christensen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Chris MacGlover
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Wyoming, 1174 Snowy Range Road, Laramie, Wyoming, USA
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3
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Bisgaard M, Christensen H. Mannheimia cairinae sp. nov., a novel species of Mannheimia obtained from Muscovy ducks ( Cairina moschata) and reclassification of Mannheimia ovis as heterotypic synonym of Mannheimia pernigra. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2023; 73. [PMID: 37358903 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.005947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2023] Open
Abstract
During a screening study for Pasteurella multocida in two unrelated flocks of Muscovy ducks pharyngeal and cloacal swabs were collected. A total of 59 Pasteurellaceae-like isolates sharing the same colony morphology were subcultured and subsequently characterized. Colonies on bovine blood agar were nonhaemolytic, regular, circular, slightly raised, shiny, intransparent with an entire margin, greyish and had an unguent-like consistency. Isolate AT1T was characterized by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and showed the highest similarity of 96.1 % to the type strain of Mannheimia caviae and 96.0 % to the type strain of Mannheimia bovis, respectively. In addition, rpoB and recN gene sequences also showed the highest similarity to the genus Mannheimia. The phylogenetic comparison of concatenated conserved protein sequences also showed a unique position of AT1T compared to other species of Mannheimia. Full phenotypic characterization of the isolates showed that between two (Mannheimia ruminalis) and 10 (Mannheimia glucosida) phenotypic characteristics separate the taxon isolated from Muscovy ducks from the accepted species of Mannheimia. Whole genomic sequences of two strains analysed by the type strain genome server showed the highest similarity of 24.9 % to the genome of the type strain of Pasteurella multocida and 23.0 % to the genome of the type strain of Mannheimia haemolytica. The species Mannheimia cairinae sp. nov. is proposed based on the phenotypic and genotypic similarity to Mannheimia as well as differences to the other validly published species of the genus. The leukotoxin protein was not predicted in the genome of AT1T. The G+C content of the type strain of M. cairinae sp. nov., AT1T (=CCUG 76754T=DSM 115341T) is 37.99 mol%, calculated from the whole genome. The investigation further proposes that Mannheimia ovis is reclassified as a later heterotypic synonym of Mannheimia pernigra, since M. ovis and M. pernigra are closely genetically related, and M. pernigra was validly published before M. ovis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Henrik Christensen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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4
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Karthik K, Anbazhagan S, Ananda Chitra M, Ramya R, Sridhar R, Dhinakar Raj G. Foremost report of the whole genome of Spirabiliibacterium mucosae from India and comparative genomics of the novel genus Spirabiliibacterium. Gene 2023; 867:147359. [PMID: 36918048 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Several Pasteurella like organisms isolated from various avian species were recently reclassified into new genus based on whole genome sequence analysis. One such Pasteurella like organism, Bisgaard taxon 14 was classified as Spirabiliibacterium mucosae. In the present study, a Gram-negative organism was isolated from ailing pigeons with respiratory infection from a farm in Tamil Nadu, India and the organism was misidentified as Burkholderia mallei by Vitek 2 compact system based on biochemical characterization. Since, B. mallei is highly pathogenic and zoonotic, to further confirm, 16S rDNA sequencing and analysis was carried out which revealed that the strain belonged to Bisgaard taxon 14 (Spirabiliibacterium mucosae). To further confirm the findings, whole genome sequencing of the isolate was performed. Whole genome phylogeny and average nucleotide identity (ANI) analysis showed that the genome was closely matching with Spirabiliibacterium mucosae type strain 20,609 /3. Hence, the strain from pigeon was named as Spirabiliibacterium mucosae TN_CUL_2021 and the genome was submitted in NCBI SRA database. The genome of S. mucosase TN_CUL_2021 is only the second genome available worldwide in the NCBI database. Comparative genome analysis of 26 Pasteurellaceae family strains revealed 1101 genes specific for Spirabiliibacterium mucosae. Similarly, luxS virulence gene was found only in S. mucosae and Bisgaardia hudsonensis strains. Since there are only 2 genomes available in the NCBI genome database, further studies on isolation of S. mucosae needs to be carried out to identify its epidemiology and pathogenesis so as to develop better diagnostic assays and vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumaragurubaran Karthik
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Udumalpet 642126, India; Central University Laboratory, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai 600051, India.
| | - Subbaiyan Anbazhagan
- ICMR-National Animal Resource Facility for Biomedical Research, Hyderabad 500078, India
| | - Murugesan Ananda Chitra
- Central University Laboratory, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai 600051, India
| | - Rajendran Ramya
- Central University Laboratory, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai 600051, India
| | - Ramaswamy Sridhar
- Central University Laboratory, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai 600051, India
| | - Gopal Dhinakar Raj
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Madras Veterinary College, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai 600051, India
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5
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Relevance of prokaryotic subspecies in the age of genomics. New Microbes New Infect 2022; 48:101024. [PMID: 36176539 PMCID: PMC9513812 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2022.101024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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6
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Li Y, Li W, Luo R, Sakandar HA, Zhang H, Liu W. Lentilactobacillus rapi subsp. dabitei subsp. nov., a lactic acid bacterium isolated from naturally fermented dairy product. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2022; 72. [DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.005359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Two lactic acid bacterial strains (IMAU80584T and IMAU92037) were isolated from naturally fermented dairy products (kurut and yoghurt) in China and Russia. Based on sequence analysis of the 16S rRNA gene it was revealed that these strains belonged to
Lentilactobacillus rapi
. However, phylogenetic tree analyses of two housekeeping genes, rpoA (encoding RNA polymerase alpha subunit) and pheS (encoding phenylalanyl-tRNA synthase alpha subunit), and 88 core genes, indicated the two strains were separated into an independent monophyletic branch from
L. rapi
DSM 19907T, forming an infra-specific subgroup. The average nucleotide identity and digital DNA–DNA hybridization values between IMAU80584T and
L. rapi
DSM 19907T were 93.1 and 52.8 %, respectively. Strains IMAU80584T and IMAU92037 are distinguished from
L. rapi
DSM 19907T because they have different polar lipids and fatty acids. The novel subgroup strains could not ferment gluconate potassium. The DNA G+C content of strain IMAU80584T was 42.3 mol%. The major cellular fatty acids were C16 : 0, C18 : 1
ω9t and summed feature 5 (C18 : 0 ante and/or C18 : 2
ω6c and/or C18 : 2
ω9c). Therefore, based on the results of polyphasic taxonomic analysis, IMAU80584T and IMAU92037 could be considered as a novel subspecies in the species
L. rapi
with the proposed name
Lentilactobacillus rapi
subsp. dabitei subsp. nov. The type strain is IMAU80584T (=GDMCC 1.2566T=JCM 34647T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Li
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering (IMAU), Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, PR China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, PR China
- Collaborative Innovative Center of Ministry of Education for Lactic Acid Bacteria and Fermented Dairy Products, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, PR China
| | - Weicheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, PR China
- Collaborative Innovative Center of Ministry of Education for Lactic Acid Bacteria and Fermented Dairy Products, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering (IMAU), Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, PR China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, PR China
| | - Rui Luo
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering (IMAU), Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, PR China
- Collaborative Innovative Center of Ministry of Education for Lactic Acid Bacteria and Fermented Dairy Products, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, PR China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, PR China
| | - Hafiz Arbab Sakandar
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering (IMAU), Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, PR China
- Collaborative Innovative Center of Ministry of Education for Lactic Acid Bacteria and Fermented Dairy Products, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, PR China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, PR China
| | - Heping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering (IMAU), Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, PR China
| | - Wenjun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering (IMAU), Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, PR China
- Collaborative Innovative Center of Ministry of Education for Lactic Acid Bacteria and Fermented Dairy Products, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, PR China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, PR China
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7
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Ishihara M, Yamazaki Y, Katsuda K, Ito H. Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of Actinobacillus suis sensu stricto isolated from a dairy calf. J Vet Med Sci 2022; 84:624-627. [PMID: 35387957 PMCID: PMC9177398 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.22-0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The species of the genus Actinobacillus have so far been associated with specific animal hosts, and A. suis sensu stricto, an opportunistic pathogen of
swine, is rarely isolated from ruminants. We describe here the isolation of A. suis sensu stricto from a newborn calf that died on a dairy farm in Japan. Identification of
the isolate was performed by phenotypic and genotypic characterization, with the latter consisting of nucleotide sequence analyses of the 16S rRNA gene plus three housekeeping genes,
rpoB, infB and recN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michika Ishihara
- Saitama Prefectural Chuo Livestock Hygiene Service Center.,Present address: Saitama Prefectural Kawagoe Livestock Hygiene Service Center
| | - Yuka Yamazaki
- Saitama Prefectural Chuo Livestock Hygiene Service Center.,Present address: Saitama Institute of Public Health
| | - Ken Katsuda
- The National Institute of Animal Health, NARO
| | - Hiroya Ito
- The National Institute of Animal Health, NARO.,Present address: The National Institute of Animal Health, NARO
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8
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De Luca E, Álvarez-Narváez S, Maboni G, Baptista RP, Nemeth NM, Niedringhaus KD, Ladner JT, Lorch JM, Koroleva G, Lovett S, Palacios GF, Sanchez S. Comparative Genomics Analyses Support the Reclassification of Bisgaard Taxon 40 as Mergibacter gen. nov., With Mergibacter septicus sp. nov. as Type Species: Novel Insights Into the Phylogeny and Virulence Factors of a Pasteurellaceae Family Member Associated With Mortality Events in Seabirds. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:667356. [PMID: 34880834 PMCID: PMC8645869 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.667356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The Pasteurellaceae family has been associated with fatal diseases in numerous avian species. Several new taxa within this family, including Bisgaard taxon 40, have been recently described in wild birds, but their genomic characteristics and pathogenicity are not well understood. We isolated Bisgaard taxon 40 from four species of seabirds, including one sampled during a mass, multi-species mortality event in Florida, United States. Here, we present a comprehensive phenotypic and genetic characterization of Bisgaard taxon 40 and comparative genomic analysis with reference strains from the Pasteurellaceae family, aiming at determining its phylogenetic position, antimicrobial susceptibility profile, and identifying putative virulence factors. In silico multilocus sequence-based and whole-genome-based phylogenetic analysis clustered all Bisgaard taxon 40 strains together on a distinct branch separated from the other members of the Pasteurellaceae family, indicating that Bisgaard taxon 40 could represent a new genus. These findings were further supported by protein similarity analyses using the concatenation of 31 conserved proteins and other taxonomic approaches such as the percentage of conserved protein test. Additionally, several putative virulence factors were identified, including those associated with adhesion (capsule, ompA, ompH) and colonization (exbD, fur, galU, galE, lpxA, lpxC, and kdsA) of the host and a cytolethal distending toxin (cdt), which may have played a role in disease development leading to the mortality event. Considerably low minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were found for all the drugs tested, in concordance with the absence of antimicrobial resistance genes in these genomes. The novel findings of this study highlight genomic and phenotypic characteristics of this bacterium, providing insights into genome evolution and pathogenicity. We propose a reclassification of these organisms within the Pasteurellaceae family, designated as Mergibacter gen. nov., with Mergibacter septicus sp. nov. as the type species. The type strain is Mergibacter septicus A25201T (=DSM 112696).
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliana De Luca
- Athens Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States.,Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Sonsiray Álvarez-Narváez
- Athens Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States.,Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Grazieli Maboni
- Athens Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States.,Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States.,Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Rodrigo P Baptista
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States.,Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Nicole M Nemeth
- Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study, Departments of Pathology and Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Kevin D Niedringhaus
- Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study, Departments of Pathology and Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States.,Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Jason T Ladner
- Center for Genome Sciences, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD, United States.,U.S. Geological Survey, National Wildlife Health Center, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Jeffrey M Lorch
- U.S. Geological Survey, National Wildlife Health Center, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Galina Koroleva
- Center for Genome Sciences, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Sean Lovett
- Center for Genome Sciences, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Gustavo F Palacios
- Center for Genome Sciences, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Susan Sanchez
- Athens Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States.,Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
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Benga L, Nicklas W, Lautwein T, Verbarg S, Gougoula C, Engelhardt E, Benten WPM, Köhrer K, Sager M, Christensen H. Rodentibacter haemolyticus sp. nov. isolated from laboratory rodents. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2021; 71. [PMID: 34379582 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.004947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Nine strains of a Rodentibacter-related bacterium were isolated over a period of 38 years from a laboratory mouse (Mus musculus), seven laboratory rats (Rattus norvegicus) and a Syrian hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) in Düsseldorf and Heidelberg, Germany. The isolates are genotypically and phenotypically distinct from all previously described Rodentibacter species. Sequence analysis of 16S rRNA and rpoB gene sequences placed the isolates as a novel lineage within the genus Rodentibacter. In addition to the single-gene analysis, the whole genome sequence of the strain 1625/19T revealed distinct genome-to-genome distance values to the other Rodentibacter species. The genomic DNA G+C content of strain 1625/19T was 40.8 mol% within the range of Rodentibacter. At least six phenotypic characteristics separate the new isolates from the other Rodentibacter species, with Rodentibacter heylii being the most closely related. In contrast to the latter, the new strains display β-haemolysis and are β-glucuronidase, d-mannitol and sorbitol positive, but fail to produce lysine decarboxylase and trehalose. The genotypic and phenotypic differences between the novel strains and the other closely related strains of the genus Rodentibacter indicate that they represent a novel species within the genus Rodentibacter, family Pasteurellaceae, for which the name Rodentibacter haemolyticus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain 1625/19T, (=DSM 111151T=CCM 9081T), was isolated in 2019 from the nose of a laboratory mouse (Mus musculus) in Düsseldorf, Germany.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurentiu Benga
- Central Unit for Animal Research and Animal Welfare Affairs, University Hospital, Heinrich - Heine - University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Werner Nicklas
- Retired - Microbiological Diagnostics, German Cancer Research Centre, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tobias Lautwein
- Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ), Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Susanne Verbarg
- Leibniz Institute DSMZ - German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Inhoffenstraße 7B, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Christina Gougoula
- Central Unit for Animal Research and Animal Welfare Affairs, University Hospital, Heinrich - Heine - University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Eva Engelhardt
- Central Unit for Animal Research and Animal Welfare Affairs, University Hospital, Heinrich - Heine - University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - W Peter M Benten
- Central Unit for Animal Research and Animal Welfare Affairs, University Hospital, Heinrich - Heine - University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Karl Köhrer
- Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ), Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Martin Sager
- Central Unit for Animal Research and Animal Welfare Affairs, University Hospital, Heinrich - Heine - University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Henrik Christensen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Science, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, København, Denmark
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10
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Elbestawy AR, Abd-Ellatieff HA, Ellakany HF, Abd El-Hamid HS, Abou Rawash AA, Gado AR, Abd El-Aziz AH, Eid AAM, El-Shall NA. Respiratory and Reproductive Impairment of Commercial Layer Chickens After Experimental Infection with Gallibacterium anatis Biovar haemolytica. Avian Dis 2021; 64:536-541. [PMID: 33570106 DOI: 10.1637/aviandiseases-d20-00051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of Gallibacterium anatis in poultry production has increased over the last two decades. However, only a few studies have explored the pathogenicity of this bacterium in commercial layer chickens. This trial studied the aspects of the pathogenicity of a Gallibacterium anatis biovar haemolytica local Egyptian isolate (previously registered as strain B14 with GenBank accession no. KJ026147). We used 500 base pairs of a 16S ribosomal RNA gene and the 16S-23S ribosomal RNA intergenic spacer, partial sequence in an experimental infection trial in commercial White Shaver layer chickens aged 19 wk. The hens were divided into three groups of 40 birds each. The hens in Groups 1 and 2 were experimentally infected through the intranasal (IN) and intravenous (IV) routes, respectively, with a dose of 0.2 ml/bird containing 1.2 × 109 colony-forming units/ml. In contrast, Group 3 was kept as a noninfected control group. Both IN and IV infections resulted in a delayed egg laying for 1 wk and a significant (P ≤ 0.05) drop in egg production by 7.81% and 10.28% compared with the control group over 7 wk. Severe lesions in the form of hemorrhagic pneumonia, catarrhal tracheitis, ovarian follicle and oviductal regression, and septicemia were evident on necropsy, demonstrating the pathogenicity of G. anatis as a primary pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed R Elbestawy
- Department of Poultry and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511 Egypt
| | - Hoda A Abd-Ellatieff
- Department of Pathology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511 Egypt
| | - Hany F Ellakany
- Department of Poultry and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511 Egypt
| | - Hatem S Abd El-Hamid
- Department of Poultry and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511 Egypt
| | - Abdelrahman A Abou Rawash
- Department of Pathology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511 Egypt
| | - Ahmed R Gado
- Department of Poultry and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511 Egypt
| | - Ayman H Abd El-Aziz
- Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511 Egypt
| | - Amal A M Eid
- Department of Avian and Rabbit Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511 Egypt
| | - Nahed A El-Shall
- Department of Poultry and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Edfina, 22758 Egypt
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Christensen H, Kuhnert P, Foster G, Bisgaard M. Reclassification of [ Haemophilus] haemoglobinophilus as Canicola haemoglobinophilus gen. nov., comb. nov. including Bisgaard taxon 35. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2021; 71. [PMID: 34264807 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.004881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
[Haemophilus] haemoglobinophilus and the unpublished Bisgaard taxon 35 are associated with respiratory and urogenital tract infections in dogs. A total of 21 strains including the type strain of [Haemophilus] haemoglobinophilus were included in the investigation. Strains of [Haemophilus] haemoglobinophilus and taxon 35 formed a monophyletic group demonstrating at least 97.8 and 96.5% similarities within the group based upon 16S rRNA and rpoB gene sequence comparisons, respectively. Glaesserella australis was the most closely related species to [Haemophilus] haemoglobinophilus and taxon 35 with 96.1 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity which is slightly higher than the 95 % separating most genera of the family Pasteurellaceae. However, the conserved protein sequence phylogeny documented a unique position of [Haemophilus] haemoglobinophilus with only 81 % identity to the most closely related species, genomospecies 1 of the genus Rodentibacter which is lower than the 85 % separating most genera of the family Pasteurellaceae. The conserved protein sequence identity to Haemophilus influenzae, the type species of the genus, was 77%, demonstrating that [Haemophilus] haemoglobinophilus is not properly classified as a member of the genus Haemophilus. On the basis of the phylogenetic comparisons, the taxa [Haemophilus] haemoglobinophilus and taxon 35 are proposed to be included with a novel genus Canicola with one species, Canicola haemoglobinophilus which is reclassified from [Haemophilus] haemoglobinophilus. Phenotypic characters obtained with isolates genetically approved to represent Canicola haemoglobinophilus were in accordance with those of the members of the family Pasteurellaceae, and the novel genus can be separated from most of the existing genera by a positive catalase reaction, lack of V-factor requirement for growth, lack of haemolysis of blood agar and negative Voges-Proskauer and urease tests. The novel genus cannot be separated by biochemical and physiological characteristics alone from the genera Aggregatibacter, Avibacterium, Frederiksenia and Spirabiliibacterium. However, MALDI-TOF mass spectroscopy and also RpoB amino acid signatures allowed a clear separation from these taxa, supporting the existence of a novel genus. The DNA G+C content is 37.0-37.8 mol% for the genus, based on the whole genomic sequences. The type strain of Canicola haemoglobinophilus is CCUG 3714T (=ATCC 19416T=NCTC 1659T) isolated in 1901 from the prepuce of a dog in Germany.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrik Christensen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 4 Stigbojlen, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Peter Kuhnert
- Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Laenggass-Strasse 122, CH-3001 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Geoffrey Foster
- SRUC Veterinary Service, An Lochran 10, Inverness Campus, Inverness, UK
| | - Magne Bisgaard
- Professor emeritus, Bisgaard Consulting, 40 Horsevænget, DK-4130 Viby Sjælland, Denmark
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Payette F, Charlebois A, Fairbrother J, Beauchamp G, Leclere M. Nicoletella semolina in the airways of healthy horses and horses with severe asthma. J Vet Intern Med 2021; 35:1612-1619. [PMID: 33942932 PMCID: PMC8163135 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nicoletella semolina was identified in the airways of horses and its low prevalence could be because of its difficult differentiation from other Pasteurellaceae. Objectives To develop a molecular method for the identification of N. semolina and to evaluate its prevalence in the mouth and the airways of healthy and severe asthmatic horses. Animals Six healthy and 6 severely asthmatic horses in phase I, 10 severely asthmatic horses in phase II, and 10 healthy horses in phase III. Methods Cohort (phases I and II) and cross‐sectional (phase III) studies. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction primers targeting the sodA gene were optimized. N. semolina was quantified in oral and nasal washes and in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF; phase I, sampled twice), in nasal washes and BALF (phase II, sampled twice), and in nasal washes (phase III). Results N. semolina was found in the nose of 5, 10, and 9 horses in phases I, II, and III, respectively (first sampling for phases I and II). Six BALF from 5 different horses were positive for N. semolina in phase II. In phase I, there was no significant difference in the nasal loads of healthy horses (median (range): 2.04 × 104 copies/mL (0‐2.44 × 105)) and asthmatic horses in exacerbation (3.75 × 102 (0‐4.84 × 106); Wilcoxon's rank sum test, P = .57). Conclusions and Clinical Importance N. semolina is commonly found in the airways of horses. The potential pathogenicity of N. semolina remains to be elucidated, but the molecular technique we developed will facilitate future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavie Payette
- Clinical Sciences Department, Faculté de Médecine VétérinaireUniversité de MontréalMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Audrey Charlebois
- Clinical Sciences Department, Faculté de Médecine VétérinaireUniversité de MontréalMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Julie‐Hélène Fairbrother
- Bacteriology Diagnostic Laboratory, Complexe de Diagnostic et d'Épidémiosurveillance Vétérinaires du Québec, Ministère de l'Agriculture, des Pêcheries et de l'Alimentation du Québec and Faculté de Médecine VétérinaireUniversité de MontréalMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Guy Beauchamp
- Veterinary Biomedicine Department, Faculté de Médecine VétérinaireUniversité de MontréalMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Mathilde Leclere
- Clinical Sciences Department, Faculté de Médecine VétérinaireUniversité de MontréalMontrealQuebecCanada
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Bisgaard M, Christensen H. Classification of Bisgaard's taxa 14 and 32 and a taxon from kestrels demonstrating satellitic growth and proposal of Spirabiliibacterium gen. nov., including the description of three species: Spirabiliibacterium mucosae sp. nov., Spirabiliibacterium pneumoniae sp. nov. and Spirabiliibacterium falconis sp. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2021; 71. [PMID: 33734954 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.004758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Avian Pasteurella-like organisms tentatively named taxon 14 of Bisgaard have been obtained from different lesions in birds including ducks, turkeys, pigeons, geese and peafowl. Taxon 32 of Bisgaard was first reported from lesions in pigeon hawks (Accipiter gentiles). The taxon isolated from kestrels (Falco tinnunculus) was V-factor dependent and originally reported as Haemophilus-like. The results of 16S rRNA gene sequence based phylogenetic analysis recently indicated that the taxa 14 and 32 and the kestrel taxon were located in a monophyletic group distantly related to [Pasteurella] testudinis with 92-93 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity. Comparison of 41 conserved protein sequences confirmed the monophyletic nature of the three taxa. Partial rpoB gene sequencing of 43 strains of taxon 14, taxon 32 and the kestrel taxon showed a relationship between taxon 14 and 32 of 88.2-90.0 % similarity. Within taxon 14, 93.3-100 % similarity was found, whereas the two strains of taxon 32 showed 99.8 % rpoB similarity. Sequencing of 16S rRNA genes of strains representing the rpoB diversity outlined showed more than 98 % similarity within taxon 14 and 99.4 % within taxon 32, while the kestrel strains showed 100 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity. A new genus, Spirabiliibacterium gen. nov., is proposed to include taxon 14, taxon 32 and the kestrel taxon. Phenotypically, members of the genus Spirabiliibacterium can be separated from members of the genera Aggregatibacter, Avibacterium and Volucribacter by maltose, oxidase and methyl red, respectively. Two or more phenotypic characters separate members of the genus Spirabiliibacterium from members of the remaining 27 genera of the family Pasteurellaceae.The G+C content of DNA ranged from 42.9 to 51.2 % (genome sequence) for members of the genus Spirabiliibacterium. The type strain of Spirabiliibacterium mucosae (taxon 14 of Bisgaard) is 20609/3T (=CCUG 16499T=DSM 111429T=HIM 913-3T). The type strain of Spirabiliibacterium pneumoniae is HPA106T (=CCUG 74731T=DSM 111430T). The type strain of Spirabiliibacterium falconis (kestrel taxon) is IPDH 2176T (=NCTC 11878T=CCUG 28587T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Magne Bisgaard
- Professor emeritus, Bisgaard Consulting, DK-4130 Viby Sjaelland, Denmark
| | - Henrik Christensen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 4 Stigboejlen, DK-1870 Fredriksberg C, Denmark
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14
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Kuhnert P, Brodard I, Schönecker L, Akarsu H, Christensen H, Bisgaard M. Mannheimia pernigra sp. nov., isolated from bovine respiratory tract. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2021; 71. [PMID: 33470926 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.004643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Over a period of 1 year, 270 isolates identified as Taxon 39 of Bisgaard were obtained from the nasopharynx of veal calves at 11 epidemiologically independent Swiss fattening farms. Two isolates from each farm and the Australian Taxon 39 reference strain BNO311 were further characterized by genetic and phenotypic methods. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA and recN gene sequences placed the isolates in a single, distinct cluster within the genus Mannheimia. As to the rpoB gene, most isolates clustered together, but four strains formed a separate cluster close to Mannheimia varigena. Genome sequence analysis of isolates from both rpoB clusters confirmed their species status, with an average nucleotide identity (ANI) >98.9 % between isolates and <84 % to the closest species, M. varigena. Based upon whole genome sequences, the G+C content was determined as 39.1 mol%. Similarly, analysis of MALDI-TOF MS reference spectra clustered the isolates clearly separated from the other Mannheimia species, making this the method of choice for identification. In addition, numerous biochemical markers based on classical as well as commercial identification schemes were determined, allowing separation from other Mannheimia species and identification of the new taxon. Major fatty acids for strain 17CN0883T are C14 : 0, C16 : 0, C16 : 1 ω7c and C18 : 1 ω7c. Major respiratory quinones are ubiquinone-7 and ubiquinone-8. We propose the name Mannheimia pernigra sp. nov. for former Taxon 39 of Bisgaard. The type strain is 17CN0883T (=CCUG 74657T=DSM 111153T) isolated from a veal calf in Switzerland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Kuhnert
- Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Isabelle Brodard
- Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Lutz Schönecker
- Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Hatice Akarsu
- Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Henrik Christensen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Stigbøjlen 4, University of Copenhagen, 1870 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Magne Bisgaard
- Professor emeritus, Horsevænget 40, 4130 Viby Sjælland, Denmark
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Li F, Zhao W, Hong Q, Shao Q, Zhu J, Yang S. Mannheimia bovis sp. nov., Isolated from a Dead Cow with Hemorrhagic Pneumonia. Curr Microbiol 2021; 78:1692-1698. [PMID: 33638000 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-021-02384-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Strain ZY190616T was isolated from lung of a dead cow with hemorrhagic pneumonia in Yunnan Province, China. The strain was Gram-stain-negative, facultatively anaerobic bacterium. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that the strain was closely related to species of the genus Mannheimia and formed an independent clade with M.varigena CCUG 38462 T (97.0% similarity). Phylogenetic analysis based on recN gene indicated that the strain formed a clade with M.caviae CCUG 59995 T (87.8% similarity). Phylogenetic analysis based on rpoB gene indicated that the strain formed a clade with M.varigena CCUG 38462 T (94.7% similarity). The genomic OrthoANI values between strain ZY190616T and M. ovis, M.haemolytica and M.granulomatis were 84.5%, 82.7% and 81.9%, respectively. The genomic G + C content was 39.8 mol%. The predominant fatty acids (> 5%) of the strain were C16:0, C14:0, C18:1ω7c, summed feature 3 (C16:1 ω7c and/ or C16:1ω6c) and summed feature 2 (C14:0 3OH/ C16:1 Iso). The major polar lipids were phosphatidylglycerol (PG), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), monophosphatidylglycerol (MGDG), triacylglycerol (TAG) and diphosphatidylglycerol (DLCL). The sole respiratory quinone was CoQ-7. Based on evidence from the taxonomic study, strain ZY190616T represents a novel species of the genus Mannheimia, for which the name Mannheimia bovis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is ZY190616T (= CCTCC AB 2020168 T = KCTC 25018 T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuxiang Li
- Yunnan Tropical and Subtropical Animal Virus Diseases Laboratory, Yunnan Animal Science and Veterinary Institute, Kunming, 650224, P. R. China
| | - Wenhua Zhao
- Yunnan Tropical and Subtropical Animal Virus Diseases Laboratory, Yunnan Animal Science and Veterinary Institute, Kunming, 650224, P. R. China
| | - Qionghua Hong
- Yunnan Provincial Meat Caprine Engineering Research Center, Yunnan Animal Science and Veterinary Institute, Kunming, 650224, P. R. China
| | - Qingyong Shao
- Yunnan Provincial Meat Caprine Engineering Research Center, Yunnan Animal Science and Veterinary Institute, Kunming, 650224, P. R. China
| | - Jianbo Zhu
- Yunnan Tropical and Subtropical Animal Virus Diseases Laboratory, Yunnan Animal Science and Veterinary Institute, Kunming, 650224, P. R. China
| | - Shibiao Yang
- Yunnan Tropical and Subtropical Animal Virus Diseases Laboratory, Yunnan Animal Science and Veterinary Institute, Kunming, 650224, P. R. China.
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MOLECULAR IDENTIFICATION OF MEMBERS OF THE FAMILY PASTEURELLACEAE FROM THE ORAL CAVITY OF KOALAS ( PHASCOLARCTOS CINEREUS) AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP WITH ISOLATES FROM KOALA BITE WOUNDS IN HUMANS. J Zoo Wildl Med 2021; 51:771-779. [PMID: 33480557 DOI: 10.1638/2020-0041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A total of 22 Pasteurellaceae isolates obtained from the oral cavity of koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus) at different wildlife centers in Australia were investigated using amplification and sequencing of two housekeeping genes, rpoA and recN. The available sequences from the Lonepinella koalarum type strain (ACM3666T) and the recent isolates of Lonepinella-like bacteria obtained from human infected wounds associated with koala bites were also included. Phylogenetic analysis was performed on the concatenated rpoA-recN genes and genome relatedness was calculated based on the recN sequences. The oral cavity isolates, the koala bite wound isolates, and L. koalarum ACM3666T resulted in four clusters (Clusters 1-4). Clusters 1-3 were clearly not members of the genus Lonepinella. Cluster 1 was closely related to the genus Fredericksenia, and Clusters 2 and 3 appeared to be novel genera. Cluster 4 consisted of three subclusters: Cluster 4a with one koala bite wound isolate and L. koalarum ACM3666T, Cluster 4b with three oral cavity isolates and two Lonepinella-like wound isolates, and Cluster 4c with three nearly identical oral cavity isolates that may represent a different species within the genus Lonepinella. The rich Pasteurellaceae population, including potential novel taxa in the oral cavity of koalas supports an important role of these highly adapted microorganisms in the physiology of koalas. Moreover, the pathogenic potential of Lonepinella-like species is an important consideration when investigating infected koala bites in humans.
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Mannheimia ovis sp. nov., Isolated from Dead Sheep with Hemorrhagic Pneumonia. Curr Microbiol 2020; 77:3504-3511. [PMID: 32951094 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-020-02209-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Two Gram-stain-negative, facultatively anaerobic bacteria, designated ZY170218T and ZY180512, were isolated from lungs of dead sheep with hemorrhagic pneumonia in Yunnan Province, China and their taxonomic positions were studied by a polyphasic approach. The two isolates grew optimally at 37 °C, pH 9.0 and 1.0% NaCl (w/v), and showed identical 16S rRNA, recN and rpoB gene sequences. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that the two strains fell within the cluster of species in the genus Mannheimia and formed a separated lineage with comparatively low similarity to the closest related species M. granulomatis (96.5%). Phylogenetic analysis based on rpoB gene indicated that the strains formed a monophyletic evolutionary lineage, with low sequence similarity ≤ 89.0% to the species of the genus Mannheimia. The genomic OrthoANI values between strain ZY170218T and M. granulomatis and M. haemolytica were 80.4% and 83.1%, respectively. The genomic G + C content of strain ZY170218T was 39.1 mol%. The predominant fatty acids (> 5%) of the two strains were C16:0, C14:0, C18:1ω7c, summed feature 3 (C16:1 ω7c and/ or C16:1ω6c) and summed feature 2 (C14:0 3OH/ C16:1 Iso). The major polar lipids of strain ZY170218T were phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, monogalactosyldiacylglycerol, bis(monoacylglycero)phosphate and diacylglycerols. The sole respiratory quinone of the two strains was CoQ-7. On the basis of phylogenetic, phenotypic and chemotaxonomic features, strain ZY170218T and ZY180512 clearly represents a novel species of the genus Mannheimia, for which the name Mannheimia ovis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is ZY170218T (= CGMCC 1.13620 T = KCTC 15731 T).
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18
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Ujvári B, Szeredi L, Magyar T. Detection of Frederiksenia sp. isolated from a cat with nephritis - Short communication. Acta Vet Hung 2020; 68:140-146. [PMID: 32894728 DOI: 10.1556/004.2020.00021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In this paper we report the phenotypic and partial genetic characterisation of a novel bacterium strain isolated from a cat with severe nephritis. Multilocus sequence analysis was performed on the 16S rRNA and three housekeeping (recN, rpoB, infB) gene sequences obtained by PCR. In accordance with the results of phenotypic tests, the phylogenetic analyses confirmed the relatedness of the new strain (6036) to the family Pasteurellaceae. On the phylogenetic trees, strain 6036 appeared in a separate branch, closest to that of the type species (Frederiksenia canicola) of the genus Frederiksenia. These two bacteria shared 95.14 and 76.88% identity in their partial 16S rRNA and recN gene sequences, respectively. The rpoB- and infB-based phylogenetic analyses indicated that strain 6036 is most closely related to Bibersteinia trehalosi (with 90.58% identity) and [Haemophilus] felis ATCC 49733 (89.50% identity), respectively. The predicted genome identity values, based on the recN gene sequences, suggested that strain 6036 can be classified into the genus Frederiksenia as a novel species. A PCR method, specific to strain 6036, was developed to allow its rapid and accurate identification and differentiation from F. canicola and other species of Pasteurellaceae. The minimal inhibitory concentrations of 18 antimicrobial agents for strain 6036 were also determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Ujvári
- 1Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, P.O. Box 18, Budapest, H-1581 Hungary
| | - Levente Szeredi
- 2Veterinary Diagnostic Directorate, National Food Chain Safety Office, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tibor Magyar
- 1Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, P.O. Box 18, Budapest, H-1581 Hungary
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Zheng ML, Li LH, Liu B, Lin YB, Zhang XT, Chen C, Qu PH, Zeng J. Haemophilus seminalis sp. nov., isolated from human semen. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2020; 70:2588-2595. [PMID: 32163029 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.004074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Two Haemophilus-like isolates with similar biochemical characteristics, designated strains SZY H1T and SZY H2, were isolated from human semen specimens. Cells were Gram-negative, non-motile, non-acid-fast, pleomorphic rods or coccobacilli. The major fatty acids (>10 %) were C16 : 0, C14 : 0, iso-C16 : 0 and/or C14 : 0 3-OH and C16 : 1 ω6c and/or C16 : 1 ω7c. The polar lipids were determined to be phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, an unidentified phospholipid, an unidentified aminophospholipid, two unidentified polar lipids and four unidentified aminolipids. The major polyamine was found to be cadaverine. The near-full-length (1462 nt) 16S rRNA gene sequences analysis showed the two isolates were nearly identical (>99.8 %), and closely matched Haemophilus haemolyticus ATCC 33390T with 98.9-99.1 % sequence similarities. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences and concatenation of 30 protein markers also revealed that the isolates clustered together with H. haemolyticus ATCC 33390T, and formed a distinct lineage well separated from the other members of the genus Haemophilus. Further, the average nucleotide identity values between the two isolates and their related species were below the established cut-off values for species delineation (95 %). Based on these findings, the two isolates are considered to represent a new species of the genus Haemophilus, for which name Haemophilus seminalis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is SZY H1T (=NBRC 113782T=CGMCC 1.17137T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Ling Zheng
- The Second Clinic Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Liang-Hui Li
- The Second Clinic Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Bin Liu
- The Second Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, PR China
| | - Yu-Bo Lin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Wuchuan Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Wuchuan 524500, PR China
| | - Xiao-Tuan Zhang
- The Second Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, PR China
| | - Cha Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.,The Second Clinic Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Ping-Hua Qu
- The Second Clinic Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Jian Zeng
- The Second Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, PR China
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Narasinakuppe Krishnegowda D, Dhama K, Kumar Mariappan A, Munuswamy P, Iqbal Yatoo M, Tiwari R, Karthik K, Bhatt P, Reddy MR. Etiology, epidemiology, pathology, and advances in diagnosis, vaccine development, and treatment of Gallibacterium anatis infection in poultry: a review. Vet Q 2020; 40:16-34. [PMID: 31902298 PMCID: PMC7006735 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2020.1712495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Gallibacterium anatis is a Gram-negative bacterium of the Pasteurellaceae family that resides normally in the respiratory and reproductive tracts in poultry. It is a major cause of oophoritis, salpingitis, and peritonitis, decreases egg production and mortality in hens thereby severely affecting animal welfare and overall productivity by poultry industries across Europe, Asia, America, and Africa. In addition, it has the ability to infect wider host range including domesticated and free-ranging avian hosts as well as mammalian hosts such as cattle, pigs and human. Evaluating the common virulence factors including outer membrane vesicles, fimbriae, capsule, metalloproteases, biofilm formation, hemagglutinin, and determining novel factors such as the RTX–like toxin GtxA, elongation factor-Tu, and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) has pathobiological, diagnostic, prophylactic, and therapeutic significance. Treating this bacterial pathogen with traditional antimicrobial drugs is discouraged owing to the emergence of widespread multidrug resistance, whereas the efficacy of preventing this disease by classical vaccines is limited due to its antigenic diversity. It will be necessary to acquire in-depth knowledge on important virulence factors, pathogenesis and, concerns of rising antibiotic resistance, improvised treatment regimes, and novel vaccine candidates to effectively tackle this pathogen. This review substantially describes the etio-epidemiological aspects of G. anatis infection in poultry, and updates the recent development in understanding the pathogenesis, organism evolution and therapeutic and prophylactic approaches to counter G. anatis infection for safeguarding the welfare and health of poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR - Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Asok Kumar Mariappan
- Division of Pathology, ICAR - Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Palanivelu Munuswamy
- Division of Pathology, ICAR - Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Mohd Iqbal Yatoo
- Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Ruchi Tiwari
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Sciences, UP Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhayay Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalay Evum Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kumaragurubaran Karthik
- Central University Laboratory, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Prakash Bhatt
- Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, GovindBallabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India
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Draft Genome Sequences of the Type Strains of Actinobacillus indolicus (46K2C) and Actinobacillus porcinus (NM319), Two NAD-Dependent Bacterial Species Found in the Respiratory Tract of Pigs. Microbiol Resour Announc 2020; 9:9/1/e00716-19. [PMID: 31896621 PMCID: PMC6940273 DOI: 10.1128/mra.00716-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We report here the draft genome sequences of the type strains of Actinobacillus indolicus (46K2C) and Actinobacillus porcinus (NM319). These NAD-dependent bacterial species are frequently found in the upper respiratory tract of pigs and are occasionally associated with lung pathology. We report here the draft genome sequences of the type strains of Actinobacillus indolicus (46K2C) and Actinobacillus porcinus (NM319). These NAD-dependent bacterial species are frequently found in the upper respiratory tract of pigs and are occasionally associated with lung pathology.
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Eid S, Marouf S, Hefny HY, Al-Atfeehy NM. Pasteurellaceae members with similar morphological patterns associated with respiratory manifestations in ducks. Vet World 2019; 12:2061-2069. [PMID: 32095060 PMCID: PMC6989323 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2019.2061-2069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: A total of 112 freshly dead ducks aged from 2 to 20 weeks old with a history of respiratory manifestations were investigated for the implication of Pasteurellaceae family members. Materials and Methods: Isolation and identification to the family level were conducted by conventional bacteriological methods, including microscopic examination and biochemical characterization. Identification to the species level was conducted by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and analytical profile index (API) 20E kits. Results: Conventional bacteriological isolation and biochemical characterization revealed the infection of 16/112 examined birds with a prevalence rate of 14.3%. PCR confirmed the detection of Pasteurellaceae family conserved genes RpoB and Bootz in 16/16 (100%) isolates. PCR was also used for genus and species identification of the isolated Pasteurellaceae members; the results revealed that 5/16 (31.3%) of isolates were Gallibacterium anatis and 2/16 of isolates (12.5%) were Pasteurella multocida. Riemerella anatipestifer, Mannheimia haemolytica, and Avibacterium paragallinarum were not detected by PCR. Biotyping by API 20E successfully identified 5/16 (31.3%) isolates that could not be typed by PCR and confirmed their belonging to Pasteurella pneumotropica. Neither the available PCR primer sets nor API 20E succeeded for species identification of 4/16 (25%) isolates. Antibiotic susceptibility profiling of isolates revealed that 16/16 (100%) of isolates demonstrated multidrug resistance (MDR) phenotypes. Moreover, 16/16 (100%) of isolates demonstrated a phenotypic resistance pattern to neomycin. Conclusion: Combined genotypic, phenotypic, biotyping, and virulence characterizations are required for laboratory identification of pathogenic Pasteurellaceae. Moreover, P. multocida was not the prevailed member implicated in respiratory problems in ducks as P. pneumotropica, G. anatis, and unidentified strains were involved with higher prevalence. Chloramphenicol and ampicillin demonstrated the highest in vitro effects on the studied Pasteurellaceae. Furthermore, the prevalence of multidrug-resistant isolates signified the demand to implement targeted surveillance in the ducks’ production sector, and MDR survey in poultry sectors in Egypt to apply effective control measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samah Eid
- Department of Bacteriology, Reference Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry Production, Animal Health Research Institute, Agricultural Research Centre, Nadi El-Seid St., P.O. Box 246, Dokki, Giza 12618, Egypt
| | - Sherif Marouf
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hefny Y Hefny
- Department of Poultry Diseases, Zagazig Provincial Laboratory, Animal Health Research Institute, Agricultural Research Centre, Sharkia, Egypt
| | - Nayera M Al-Atfeehy
- Department of Bacteriology, Reference Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry Production, Animal Health Research Institute, Agricultural Research Centre, Nadi El-Seid St., P.O. Box 246, Dokki, Giza 12618, Egypt
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Zhang Z, Hou Q, Wang Y, Li W, Zhao H, Sun Z, Guo Z. Lactobacillus zhachilii sp. nov., a lactic acid bacterium isolated from Zha-Chili. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2019; 69:2196-2201. [DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.003362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zhendong Zhang
- 1Northwest Hubei Research Institute of Traditional Fermented Food, College of Food Science and Technology, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, PR China
| | - Qiangchuan Hou
- 2Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot, PR China
| | - Yurong Wang
- 1Northwest Hubei Research Institute of Traditional Fermented Food, College of Food Science and Technology, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, PR China
| | - Weicheng Li
- 2Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot, PR China
| | - Huijun Zhao
- 1Northwest Hubei Research Institute of Traditional Fermented Food, College of Food Science and Technology, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, PR China
| | - Zhihong Sun
- 2Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot, PR China
| | - Zhuang Guo
- 1Northwest Hubei Research Institute of Traditional Fermented Food, College of Food Science and Technology, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, PR China
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Sinclair HA, Chapman P, Omaleki L, Bergh H, Turni C, Blackall P, Papacostas L, Braslins P, Sowden D, Nimmo GR. Identification of Lonepinella sp. in Koala Bite Wound Infections, Queensland, Australia. Emerg Infect Dis 2019; 25:153-156. [PMID: 30561297 PMCID: PMC6302581 DOI: 10.3201/eid2501.171359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We report 3 cases of koala bite wound infection with Lonepinella koalarum–like bacteria requiring antimicrobial and surgical management. The pathogens could not be identified by standard tests. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA and housekeeping genes identified the genus. Clinicians should isolate bacteria and determine antimicrobial susceptibilities when managing these infections.
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Veiga IMB, Lüschow D, Gutzer S, Hafez HM, Mühldorfer K. Phylogenetic relationship of Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale isolated from poultry and diverse avian hosts based on 16S rRNA and rpoB gene analyses. BMC Microbiol 2019; 19:31. [PMID: 30727944 PMCID: PMC6364391 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-019-1395-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ornithobacterium (O.) rhinotracheale is an emerging bacterial pathogen in poultry and not fully understood to date. Because of its importance particularly for the global turkey meat industry, reliable diagnostic and characterization methods are needed for early treatment and in future for better vaccine production. The host range of birds infected by O. rhinotracheale or carrying the bacterium in their respiratory tract has constantly increased raising important epidemiological and taxonomic questions for a better understanding of its diversity, ecology and transmission cycles. The purpose of this study was to introduce partial rpoB gene sequencing for O. rhinotracheale into routine diagnostics to differentiate strains isolated from poultry and more diverse avian hosts (i.e., birds of prey, corvids and pigeons) and to compare phylogenetic relationships with results from 16S rRNA gene analysis and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). RESULTS Partial 16S rRNA gene analysis revealed a high level of homogeneity among the 65 investigated O. rhinotracheale sequences with similarity values ranging from 98.6 to 100% between sequences from non-galliform and poultry species. The corresponding rpoB gene sequences were heterogeneous and ranged in their similarity values from 85.1 to 100%. The structure of the rpoB tree was in strong correlation with previous MLST results revealing three main clusters A (poultry and birds of prey), B (poultry, birds of prey and corvids) and C (pigeons), which were clearly separated from each other. CONCLUSIONS By using partial sequences from a single gene, the rpoB gene analysis is in good agreement with MLST results with a slight decrease in resolution to distinguish more similar strains. The present results provide strong evidence that traditional phenotypic and genetic methods may not properly represent the heterogeneous group of bacteria classified as O. rhinotracheale. From housekeeping gene analyses, it is very likely that the genus Ornithobacterium includes additional species and partial rpoB gene sequencing can be recommended as fast, cost-effective and readily available method to identify strains and differentiate between O. rhinotracheale and Ornithobacterium-like bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês M. B. Veiga
- Present Address: Institute of Animal Pathology, Bern, Switzerland
- Institute of Poultry Diseases, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dörte Lüschow
- Institute of Poultry Diseases, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefanie Gutzer
- Institute of Poultry Diseases, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hafez M. Hafez
- Institute of Poultry Diseases, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kristin Mühldorfer
- Department of Wildlife Diseases, Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Berlin, Germany
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Abstract
Members of the highly heterogeneous family Pasteurellaceae cause a wide variety of diseases in humans and animals. Antimicrobial agents are the most powerful tools to control such infections. However, the acquisition of resistance genes, as well as the development of resistance-mediating mutations, significantly reduces the efficacy of the antimicrobial agents. This article gives a brief description of the role of selected members of the family Pasteurellaceae in animal infections and of the most recent data on the susceptibility status of such members. Moreover, a review of the current knowledge of the genetic basis of resistance to antimicrobial agents is included, with particular reference to resistance to tetracyclines, β-lactam antibiotics, aminoglycosides/aminocyclitols, folate pathway inhibitors, macrolides, lincosamides, phenicols, and quinolones. This article focusses on the genera of veterinary importance for which sufficient data on antimicrobial susceptibility and the detection of resistance genes are currently available (Pasteurella, Mannheimia, Actinobacillus, Haemophilus, and Histophilus). Additionally, the role of plasmids, transposons, and integrative and conjugative elements in the spread of the resistance genes within and beyond the aforementioned genera is highlighted to provide insight into horizontal dissemination, coselection, and persistence of antimicrobial resistance genes. The article discusses the acquisition of diverse resistance genes by the selected Pasteurellaceae members from other Gram-negative or maybe even Gram-positive bacteria. Although the susceptibility status of these members still looks rather favorable, monitoring of their antimicrobial susceptibility is required for early detection of changes in the susceptibility status and the newly acquired/developed resistance mechanisms.
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Xin D, Bisgaard M, Busse HJ, Olsen RH, Hess C, Aalbæk B, Olsen JE, Christensen H. Reclassification of Bisgaard taxon 37 and taxon 44 as Psittacicella melopsittaci gen. nov., sp. nov., Psittacicella hinzii sp. nov. and Psittacicella gerlachiana sp. nov. within Psittacicellaceae fam. nov. of the order Pasteurellales. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2018; 69:350-355. [PMID: 30543317 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.003133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteria isolated from lesions as well as apparently normal tissues of psittacine birds have previously been reported as taxon 37 and taxon 44 of Bisgaard. 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons revealed a distant relationship to members of Pasteurellaceae at the species, genus and family levels. The polar lipid profile consisted of the major components phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylglycerol. A new family Psittacicellaceae fam. nov. is proposed with the type genus Psittacicella gen. nov. The new genus Psittacicella includes the type species Psittacicella melopsittaci sp. nov. with type strain B96/4T (=CCUG 70858T=DSM 105476T), Psittacicella hinzii sp. nov. with type strain 111T (=CCUG 52861T=CCM 8842T) and Psittacicella gerlachiana sp. nov. with type strain EEAB3T1T (=CCUG 70857T=DSM 105477T). In addition to the major polar lipids, strain 111T possessed the non-identified aminophospholipids APL1 and APL2 and trace amounts of four lipids (L1-L4) whereas strain B94/4T showed the minor unidentified aminophospholipids APL3 and APL2 and trace amounts of unidentified lipid L3. These results demonstrate that strain B96/4T can be distinguished from 111T based on presence/absence of the unidentified lipids APL1 and APL3. The total polar lipid profile of strain EEAB3T1T differed from B96/4Tonly in one minor lipid. Strain B96/4T can further be distinguished from 111T by acid formation from trehalose and raffinose and the α-glucosidase test. Strains 111T and EEAB3T1T can be separated based on acid formation from trehalose and the α-glucosidase test. Strains B96/4T and EEAB3T1T can be separated by acid formation from raffinose and eight signature indels in the RpoB protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Xin
- 1School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | | | - Hans-Jürgen Busse
- 3Institut für Mikrobiologie, Veterinärmedizinische Universität Wien, A-1210 Wien, Austria
| | - Rikke H Olsen
- 4Department of Veterinary Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Stigbøjlen 4, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Claudia Hess
- 5Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, Clinic for Poultry and Fish Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna (Vetmeduni Vienna), Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - Bent Aalbæk
- 4Department of Veterinary Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Stigbøjlen 4, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - John E Olsen
- 4Department of Veterinary Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Stigbøjlen 4, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Henrik Christensen
- 4Department of Veterinary Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Stigbøjlen 4, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
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Christensen H, Bisgaard M. Classification of genera of Pasteurellaceae using conserved predicted protein sequences. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2018; 68:2692-2696. [DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.002860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Henrik Christensen
- 1Department of Veterinary Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 4 Stigbøjlen, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
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A Novel Glaesserella sp. Isolated from Pigs with Severe Respiratory Infections Has a Mosaic Genome with Virulence Factors Putatively Acquired by Horizontal Transfer. Appl Environ Microbiol 2018; 84:AEM.00092-18. [PMID: 29572210 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00092-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
An unknown member of the family Pasteurellaceae was repeatedly isolated from 20- to 24-week-old pigs with severe pulmonary lesions reared on the same farm in Victoria, Australia. The etiological diagnosis of the disease was inconclusive. The complete genome sequence analysis of one strain, 15-184, revealed some phylogenic proximity to Glaesserella (Haemophilus) parasuis, the cause of Glasser's disease. However, the sequences of the 16S rRNA and housekeeping genes, as well as the average nucleotide identity scores, differed from those of all other known species in the family Pasteurellaceae The protein content of 15-184 was composite, with 60% of coding sequences matching known G. parasuis products, while more than 20% had a closer relative in the genera Actinobacillus, Mannheimia, Pasteurella, and Bibersteinia Several putative virulence genes absent from G. parasuis but present in other Pasteurellaceae were also found, including the apxIII RTX toxin gene from Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, ABC transporters from Actinobacillus minor, and iron transporters from various species. Three prophages and one integrative conjugative element were present in the isolate. Horizontal gene transfers might explain the mosaic genomic structure and atypical metabolic and virulence characteristics of 15-184. This organism has not been assigned a taxonomic position in the family, but this study underlines the need for a large-scale epidemiological and clinical characterization of this novel pathogen in swine populations, as a genomic analysis suggests it could have a severe impact on pig health.IMPORTANCE Several species of Pasteurellaceae cause a range of significant diseases in pigs. A novel member of this family was recently isolated from Australian pigs suffering from severe respiratory infections. Comparative whole-genome analyses suggest that this bacterium represents a new species, which possesses a number of virulence genes horizontally acquired from a diverse range of other Pasteurellaceae While the possible contribution of other coinfecting noncultivable agents to the disease has not been ruled out in this study, the repertoire of virulence genes found in this organism may nevertheless explain some aspects of the associated pathology observed on the farm. The prevalence of this novel pathogen within pig populations is currently unknown. This finding is of particular importance for the pig industry, as this organism can have a serious impact on the health of these animals.
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El-Adawy H, Bocklisch H, Neubauer H, Hafez HM, Hotzel H. Identification, differentiation and antibiotic susceptibility of Gallibacterium isolates from diseased poultry. Ir Vet J 2018; 71:5. [PMID: 29441195 PMCID: PMC5799919 DOI: 10.1186/s13620-018-0116-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gallibacterium anatis is an opportunistic pathogen of intensively reared poultry causing oophoritis, salpingitis, peritonitis and enteritis. Gallibacterium anatis infection often remains undiagnosed. Recently multi-drug resistant isolates have been described. Methods A newly developed PCR restriction fragment length polymorphism assay targeting the 16S rRNA gene was used to identify and differentiate Gallibacterium isolates from chicken, turkey and partridge samples originating from 18 different geographical locations in Thuringia, Germany. Antimicrobial susceptibility to 19 compounds of different classes was assessed. Results Nineteen Gallibacterium isolates were investigated. In 9 birds (47.4%) Gallibacterium species were isolated exclusively while in 10 birds (52.6%) other bacterial or viral agents could be detected in addition. In one chicken a mixed infection of Gallibacterium anatis and Gallibacterium genomospecies was identified. All isolates were susceptible to apramycin, florfenicol and neomycin and resistant to clindamycin, sulfathiazole and penicillin. Resistance to sulfamethoxim, spectinomycin, tylosin and oxytetracycline was observed in 93.3%, 93.3%, 86.7% and 80.0% of the field strains, respectively. Conclusions The PCR-RFLP assay allows specific detection and differentiation of Gallibacterium spp. from poultry. Antimicrobial resistance of Gallibacterium spp. is highly significant in Thuringian field isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hosny El-Adawy
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (Federal Research Institute for Animal Health), Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Naumburger Str. 96a, 07743 Jena, Germany.,2Department of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, 35516 Egypt
| | | | - Heinrich Neubauer
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (Federal Research Institute for Animal Health), Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Naumburger Str. 96a, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Hafez Mohamed Hafez
- 4Institute for Poultry Diseases, Free University Berlin, Königsweg 63, 14163 Berlin, Germany
| | - Helmut Hotzel
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (Federal Research Institute for Animal Health), Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Naumburger Str. 96a, 07743 Jena, Germany
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Boot R, Nicklas W, Christensen H. Revised taxonomy and nomenclature of rodent Pasteurellaceae: Implications for monitoring. Lab Anim 2018; 52:300-303. [PMID: 29385897 DOI: 10.1177/0023677218754597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Pasteurellosis is a well-recognized disease with similar pathology in all laboratory rodent species. Pasteurella pneumotropica is the most frequently mentioned member of the Pasteurellaceae isolated from mice and rats. Numerous other Pasteurellaceae taxa have been obtained from mice, rats, and other rodent species. Recently, rodent Pasteurellaceae have been submitted to comprehensive genetic and phenotypic (polyphasic) taxonomic studies. As a result they are now classed within six validly published new genera, namely Cricetibacter, Mesocricetibacter, Mannheimia, Muribacter, Necropsobacter, and Rodentibacter. All previously used names such as P. pneumotropica have become obsolete. The new classification forms a firm basis for the correct phenotypic identification of Pasteurellaceae from laboratory animals and for the selection of strains for pathogenicity studies. Consequences of taxonomic changes notably involve molecular methods used for the detection of Pasteurellaceae infection in laboratory animal colonies. Testing may be done using primer sets that detect all Pasteurellaceae taxa or sets developed to detect host-specific members of the family.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Boot
- 1 RIVM, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | | | - H Christensen
- 3 Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
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Adhikary S, Bisgaard M, Nicklas W, Christensen H. Reclassification of Bisgaard taxon 5 as Caviibacterium pharyngocola gen. nov., sp. nov. and Bisgaard taxon 7 as Conservatibacter flavescens gen. nov., sp. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2018; 68:643-650. [PMID: 29303698 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.002558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A total of 29 strains mainly from guinea pigs were investigated by a polyphasic approach that included previously published data. The strains were classified as Bisgaard taxa 5 and 7 by comparison of phenotypic characteristics and the strains showed typical cultural characteristics for members of family Pasteurellaceae and the strains formed two monophyletic groups based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison. Partial rpoB sequence analysis as well as published data on DNA-DNA hybridization showed high genotypic relationships within both groups. A new genus with one species, Caviibacterium pharyngocola gen. nov., sp. nov., is proposed to accommodate members of taxon 5 of Bisgaard, whereas members of taxon 7 are proposed as Conservatibacter flavescens gen. nov., sp. nov. The two genera are clearly separated by phenotype from each other and from existing genera of the family Pasteurellaceae. The type strain of Caviibacterium pharyngocola is 7.3T (=CCUG 16493T=DSM 105478T) and the type strain of Conservatibacter flavescens is 7.4T (=CCUG 24852T=DSM 105479T=HIM 794-7T), both were isolated from the pharynx of guinea pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadhana Adhikary
- Department of Veterinary Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 4 Stigbøjlen, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Magne Bisgaard
- Professor emeritus, Horsevænget 40, Viby Sjælland, Denmark
| | - Werner Nicklas
- Microbiological Diagnostics, German Cancer Research Centre, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Henrik Christensen
- Department of Veterinary Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 4 Stigbøjlen, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
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OCCURRENCE OFPASTEURELLACEAEBACTERIA IN THE ORAL CAVITY OF SELECTED MARSUPIAL SPECIES. J Zoo Wildl Med 2017; 48:1215-1218. [DOI: 10.1638/2017-0071.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Nickel-resistant bacteria isolated in human microbiome. New Microbes New Infect 2017; 19:67-70. [PMID: 28725438 PMCID: PMC5501881 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2017.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2017] [Revised: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Nickel-resistant bacteria have been isolated so far only in contaminated soils and wastewaters polluted with different industrial sources. The aim of our study was to determine if nickel-resistant bacteria could also be isolated from human samples. In this brief communication, we describe how we were able to isolate human bacterial strains that grew without oxygen and in the presence of high concentrations of nickel. The identification was made by phenotypic and genetic techniques. The bacterial sequences have been deposited in the NCBI database repository. Our finding shows that there are several different heavy-metal-tolerant bacteria in humans that should be considered for further studies.
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Adhikary S, Nicklas W, Bisgaard M, Boot R, Kuhnert P, Waberschek T, Aalbæk B, Korczak B, Christensen H. Rodentibacter gen. nov. including Rodentibacter pneumotropicus comb. nov., Rodentibacter heylii sp. nov., Rodentibacter myodis sp. nov., Rodentibacter ratti sp. nov., Rodentibacter heidelbergensis sp. nov., Rodentibacter trehalosifermentans sp. nov., Rodentibacter rarus sp. nov., Rodentibacter mrazii and two genomospecies. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2017. [DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.001866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sadhana Adhikary
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, University of Copenhagen, 4 Stigbøjlen, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Werner Nicklas
- Microbiological Diagnostics, German Cancer Research Centre, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Magne Bisgaard
- Professor emeritus, Horsevænget 40, Viby Sjælland, Denmark
| | - Ron Boot
- Mr. Tripkade 51, 3571 SW, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Kuhnert
- Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Laenggass-Strasse 122, CH-3001 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Torsten Waberschek
- Microbiological Diagnostics, German Cancer Research Centre, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bent Aalbæk
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, University of Copenhagen, 4 Stigbøjlen, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Bozena Korczak
- Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Laenggass-Strasse 122, CH-3001 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Henrik Christensen
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, University of Copenhagen, 4 Stigbøjlen, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
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Adhikary S, Bisgaard M, Dagnæs-Hansen F, Christensen H. Clonal outbreaks of [ Pasteurella] pneumotropica biovar Heyl in two mouse colonies. Lab Anim 2017; 51:613-621. [PMID: 28358244 DOI: 10.1177/0023677217698503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to document the pathogenic role of biovar Heyl of [ Pasteurella] pneumotropica in mouse colonies. Fifty-three isolates associated with mastitis and orbital, cutaneous and vaginal abscesses as well as isolates from the nose and vagina of healthy mice were investigated. According to phenotypic characteristics and rpoB sequencing, the isolates were identified as [ P.] pneumotropica biovar Heyl. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) revealed five closely related profiles separated by only one to four fragments. The outbreak strains diverged from epidemiologically unrelated strains with the same rpoB sequence type, as shown by the PFGE profiles. The investigation documented that members of biovar Heyl of [ P.] pneumotropica caused disease outbreaks in mouse colonies since the clonality indicated a primary role of [ P.] pneumotropica biovar Heyl in the infections observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadhana Adhikary
- 1 Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | - Henrik Christensen
- 1 Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Bisgaard M, Xin D, Bertelsen MF, Bojesen AM, Christensen H. Prevalence of Taxa of Pasteurellaceae Among Populations of Healthy Captive Psittacine Birds. Avian Dis 2017; 61:102-106. [PMID: 28301245 DOI: 10.1637/11522-103016-reg] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Sixty-two strains of Pasteurellaceae-like bacteria were isolated from the tracheas of 87 clinically healthy psittacine birds in two Danish zoos. The isolates were identified by a combination of rpoB and 16S rRNA gene sequencing and by matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization time of flight. Twenty-eight strains belonged to the genus Volucribacter or were related to this genus and to the unnamed taxon 34 of Bisgaard, and 28 strains were related to the unnamed taxon 44 of Bisgaard. Four strains were identified as Pasteurella multocida , two isolates were classified with the related taxon 45 of Bisgaard, and a single isolate was classified as Pasteurella sp. The investigation documented an unrecognized reservoir of rarely reported and unclassified or unnamed species of Pasteurellaceae-like bacteria in psittacine birds. The results were in accordance with a recent report on isolation of Pasteurellaceae from diseased psittacine birds, and the investigation documented that the same taxa of Pasteurellaceae-like bacteria can be isolated from apparently healthy birds as well as from diseased birds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Di Xin
- B School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China.,C Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, University of Copenhagen, Stigbøjlen 4, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - M F Bertelsen
- C Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, University of Copenhagen, Stigbøjlen 4, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.,D Center for Zoo and Wild Animal Health, Copenhagen Zoo, Roskildevej 38, DK-2000 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - A M Bojesen
- C Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, University of Copenhagen, Stigbøjlen 4, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - H Christensen
- C Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, University of Copenhagen, Stigbøjlen 4, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
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38
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Marcelletti S, Scortichini M. Genome-wide comparison and taxonomic relatedness of multiple Xylella fastidiosa strains reveal the occurrence of three subspecies and a new Xylella species. Arch Microbiol 2016; 198:803-12. [PMID: 27209415 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-016-1245-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Revised: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A total of 21 Xylella fastidiosa strains were assessed by comparing their genomes to infer their taxonomic relationships. The whole-genome-based average nucleotide identity and tetranucleotide frequency correlation coefficient analyses were performed. In addition, a consensus tree based on comparisons of 956 core gene families, and a genome-wide phylogenetic tree and a Neighbor-net network were constructed with 820,088 nucleotides (i.e., approximately 30-33 % of the entire X. fastidiosa genome). All approaches revealed the occurrence of three well-demarcated genetic clusters that represent X. fastidiosa subspecies fastidiosa, multiplex and pauca, with the latter appeared to diverge. We suggest that the proposed but never formally described subspecies 'sandyi' and 'morus' are instead members of the subspecies fastidiosa. These analyses support the view that the Xylella strain isolated from Pyrus pyrifolia in Taiwan is likely to be a new species. A widely used multilocus sequence typing analysis yielded conflicting results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Marcelletti
- Consiglio per la ricerca in agricoltura e l'analisi dell'economia agraria - Centro di ricerca per le Colture Arboree, Via di Fioranello, 52, 00134, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Scortichini
- Consiglio per la ricerca in agricoltura e l'analisi dell'economia agraria - Centro di ricerca per le Colture Arboree, Via di Fioranello, 52, 00134, Rome, Italy. .,Consiglio per la ricerca in agricoltura e l'analisi dell'economia agraria - Centro di ricerca per le Colture Arboree, Via Torrino, 3, 81100, Caserta, Italy.
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39
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Murakami M, Shimonishi Y, Hobo S, Niwa H, Ito H. First isolation of Actinobacillus genomospecies 2 in Japan. J Vet Med Sci 2016; 78:701-3. [PMID: 26668165 PMCID: PMC4873865 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.15-0597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe here the first isolation of Actinobacillus genomospecies 2 in Japan. The isolate was found in a septicemic foal and characterized by phenotypic and genetic analyses, with the latter consisting of 16S rDNA nucleotide sequence analysis plus multilocus sequence analysis using three housekeeping genes, recN, rpoA and thdF, that have been proposed for use as a genomic tool in place of DNA-DNA hybridization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miyuki Murakami
- Kumamoto Central Livestock Hygiene Service Center, 1666 Jyonanmachi-Shizume, Minami-ku, Kumamoto 861-3205, Japan
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40
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Testudinibacter aquarius gen. nov., sp. nov., a member of the family Pasteurellaceae isolated from the oral cavity of freshwater turtles. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2016; 66:567-573. [DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.000759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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41
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Nicklas W, Bisgaard M, Aalbæk B, Kuhnert P, Christensen H. Reclassification of Actinobacillus muris as Muribacter muris gen. nov., comb. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2015; 65:3344-3351. [DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.000417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
To reinvestigate the taxonomy of [Actinobacillus] muris, 474 strains, mainly from mice and rats, were characterized by phenotype and 130 strains selected for genotypic characterization by 16S rRNA and partial rpoB gene sequencing. The type strain was further investigated by whole-genome sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis of the DNA sequences showed one monophyletic group with intragroup similarities of 96.7 and 97.2 % for the 16S rRNA and rpoB genes, respectively. The highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to a taxon with a validly published name outside the group was 95.9 %, to the type strain of [Pasteurella] pneumotropica. The closest related taxon based on rpoB sequence comparison was ‘Haemophilus influenzae-murium’, with 88.4 % similarity. A new genus and a new combination, Muribacter muris gen. nov., comb. nov., are proposed based on a distinct phylogenetic position based on 16S rRNA and rpoB gene sequence comparisons, with major divergence from the existing genera of the family Pasteurellaceae. The new genus has the characteristics of [A.] muris with the emendation that acid formation from ( − )-d-mannitol and hydrolysis of aesculin are variable, while the α-glucosidase test is positive. There is no requirement for exogenously supplied NAD (V factor) for the majority of strains investigated; however, one strain was found to require NAD. The major fatty acids of the type strain of Muribacter muris were C14 : 0, C14 : 0 3-OH/iso-C16 : 1 I, C16 : 1ω7c and C16 : 0, which is in line with most genera of the Pasteurellaceae. The type strain of Muribacter muris is CCUG 16938T ( = NCTC 12432T = ATCC 49577T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Werner Nicklas
- Microbiological Diagnostics, German Cancer Research Centre, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Magne Bisgaard
- Professor emeritus, Horsevænget 40, DK-4130 Viby Sjælland, Denmark
| | - Bent Aalbæk
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, VetSchool, University of Copenhagen, 4 Stigbøjlen, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Peter Kuhnert
- Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Laenggass-Strasse 122, CH-3001 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Henrik Christensen
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, VetSchool, University of Copenhagen, 4 Stigbøjlen, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
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42
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Johanne Hansen M, Strøm Braaten M, Miki Bojesen A, Christensen H, Sonne C, Dietz R, Frost Bertelsen M. Ursidibacter maritimus gen. nov., sp. nov. and Ursidibacter arcticus sp. nov., two new members of the family Pasteurellaceae isolated from the oral cavity of bears. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2015. [DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.000476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Thirty-three suspected strains of the family Pasteurellaceae isolated from the oral cavity of polar and brown bears were characterized by genotypic and phenotypic tests. Phylogenetic analysis of partial 16S rRNA gene and rpoB sequences showed that the investigated isolates formed two closely related monophyletic groups, representing two novel species of a new genus. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison Bibersteinia trehalosi was the closest related species with a validly published name, with 95.4 % similarity to the polar bear group and 94.4 % similarity to the brown bear group. Otariodibacter oris was the closest related species based on rpoB sequence comparison with a similarity of 89.8 % with the polar bear group and 90 % with the brown bear group. The new genus could be separated from existing genera of the family Pasteurellaceae by three to ten phenotypic characters, and the two novel species could be separated from each other by two phenotypic characters. It is proposed that the strains should be classified as representatives of a new genus, Ursidibacter gen. nov., with two novel species: the type species Ursidibacter maritimus sp. nov., isolated from polar bears (type strain Pb43106T = CCUG 65144T = DSM 28137T, DNA G+C content 39.3 mol%), and Ursidibacter arcticus sp. nov., isolated from brown bears (type strain Bamse61T = CCUG 65145T = DSM 28138T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mie Johanne Hansen
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Stigboejlen 4, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
- Center for Zoo and Wild Animal Health, Copenhagen Zoo, 2000 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Mira Strøm Braaten
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Stigboejlen 4, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
- Center for Zoo and Wild Animal Health, Copenhagen Zoo, 2000 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Anders Miki Bojesen
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Stigboejlen 4, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Henrik Christensen
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Stigboejlen 4, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Christian Sonne
- Department of Bioscience, Faculty of Science and Technology, Arctic Research Centre, Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, Aarhus University, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Rune Dietz
- Department of Bioscience, Faculty of Science and Technology, Arctic Research Centre, Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, Aarhus University, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Mads Frost Bertelsen
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Stigboejlen 4, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
- Center for Zoo and Wild Animal Health, Copenhagen Zoo, 2000 Frederiksberg, Denmark
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43
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Lo CI, Padhamanabhan R, Fall B, Sambe-Ba B, Mediannikov O, Nguyen TT, Prudent E, Faye N, Wade B, Raoult D, Fournier PE, Fenollar F. Noncontiguous finished genome sequence and description of Necropsobacter massiliensis sp. nov. New Microbes New Infect 2015; 8:41-50. [PMID: 26587237 PMCID: PMC4625094 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2015.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Strain FF6(T) was isolated from the cervical abscess of a 4-year-old Senegalese boy, in Dakar, Senegal. MALDI-TOF MS did not provide any identification. This strain exhibited a 95.17% 16S rRNA sequence identity with Necropsobacter rosorum. Using a polyphasic study including phenotypic and genomic analyses, strain FF6(T) was an aero-anaerobic Gram-negative cocobacillus, oxidase positive, and exhibited a genome of 2,493,927 bp (1 chromosome but no plasmid) with a G+C content of 46.2% that coded 2,309 protein-coding and 53 RNA genes. On the basis of these data, we propose the creation of Necropsobacter massiliensis sp. nov.
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Affiliation(s)
- C I Lo
- Faculté de médecine, URMITE, UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, Inserm U1095, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France ; Campus International UCAD-IRD, Senegal
| | - R Padhamanabhan
- Faculté de médecine, URMITE, UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, Inserm U1095, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - B Fall
- Hôpital Principal, Senegal
| | | | - O Mediannikov
- Faculté de médecine, URMITE, UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, Inserm U1095, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France ; Campus International UCAD-IRD, Senegal
| | - T-T Nguyen
- Faculté de médecine, URMITE, UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, Inserm U1095, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - E Prudent
- Faculté de médecine, URMITE, UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, Inserm U1095, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - N Faye
- Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Laboratoire de Parasitologie générale, Dakar, Senegal
| | - B Wade
- Hôpital Principal, Senegal
| | - D Raoult
- Faculté de médecine, URMITE, UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, Inserm U1095, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France ; Campus International UCAD-IRD, Senegal ; Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - P-E Fournier
- Faculté de médecine, URMITE, UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, Inserm U1095, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - F Fenollar
- Faculté de médecine, URMITE, UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, Inserm U1095, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France ; Campus International UCAD-IRD, Senegal
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44
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OCCURRENCE OFPASTEURELLACEAEBACTERIA IN THE ORAL CAVITY OF THE TASMANIAN DEVIL (SARCOPHILUS HARRISII). J Zoo Wildl Med 2015; 46:241-5. [DOI: 10.1638/2014-0111r1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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45
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Phylogenomic and molecular demarcation of the core members of the polyphyletic pasteurellaceae genera actinobacillus, haemophilus, and pasteurella. Int J Genomics 2015; 2015:198560. [PMID: 25821780 PMCID: PMC4363679 DOI: 10.1155/2015/198560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Revised: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The genera Actinobacillus, Haemophilus, and Pasteurella exhibit extensive polyphyletic branching in phylogenetic trees and do not represent coherent clusters of species. In this study, we have utilized molecular signatures identified through comparative genomic analyses in conjunction with genome based and multilocus sequence based phylogenetic analyses to clarify the phylogenetic and taxonomic boundary of these genera. We have identified large clusters of Actinobacillus, Haemophilus, and Pasteurella species which represent the “sensu stricto” members of these genera. We have identified 3, 7, and 6 conserved signature indels (CSIs), which are specifically shared by sensu stricto members of Actinobacillus, Haemophilus, and Pasteurella, respectively. We have also identified two different sets of CSIs that are unique characteristics of the pathogen containing genera Aggregatibacter and Mannheimia, respectively. It is now possible to demarcate the genera Actinobacillus sensu stricto, Haemophilus sensu stricto, and Pasteurella sensu stricto on the basis of discrete molecular signatures. The other members of the genera Actinobacillus, Haemophilus, and Pasteurella that do not fall within the “sensu stricto” clades and do not contain these molecular signatures should be reclassified as other genera. The CSIs identified here also provide useful diagnostic targets for the identification of current and novel members of the indicated genera.
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46
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Hansen MJ, Bertelsen MF, Christensen H, Bojesen AM. Bisgaardia miroungae sp. nov., a new member of the family Pasteurellaceae isolated from the oral cavity of northern elephant seals (Mirounga angustirostris), and emended description of the genus Bisgaardia. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2015; 65:388-392. [DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.065060-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A total of 17 bacterial isolates from northern elephant seals, tentatively classified within the family
Pasteurellaceae,
were further characterized by genotypic and phenotypic tests. Phylogenetic analysis of partial 16S rRNA and rpoB gene sequences showed that the isolates investigated formed a monophyletic group, closely related to the genus
Bisgaardia
within the family
Pasteurellaceae
. The rpoB gene sequence similarity was 97.2–100 % within the group and 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons showed 99.2–99.8 % similarity within the group. According to 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, the most closely related species with a validly published name was
Bisgaardia hudsonensis
with 96.9 % similarity and the most closely related species based on rpoB sequence comparison was
Bisgaardia
genomospecies 1 with an rpoB sequence similarity of 90.9 %. All the isolates investigated exhibited the phenotypic characteristics of the family
Pasteurellaceae
. However, these isolates could be separated from existing species of the genus
Bisgaardia
by the following characteristics: ability to grow at 42 °C, and acid production from lactose, melibiose, raffinose and l-rhamnose, but not from d-mannitol or trehalose. On the basis of both phylogenetic and phenotypic evidence, it is proposed that the strains should be classified as representatives of a novel species within the genus
Bisgaardia
: Bisgaardia miroungae sp. nov. The type strain, WildatricT ( = CCUG 65148T = DSM 28141T), was isolated from the oral cavity of a wild northern elephant seal at The Marine Mammal Center, California, USA in 2011. To include the novel species, the description of the genus
Bisgaardia
has been emended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mie Johanne Hansen
- Center for Zoo and Wild Animal Health, Copenhagen Zoo, 2000 Frederiksberg, Denmark
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Stigboejlen 4, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Mads Frost Bertelsen
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Stigboejlen 4, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Henrik Christensen
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Stigboejlen 4, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Anders Miki Bojesen
- Center for Zoo and Wild Animal Health, Copenhagen Zoo, 2000 Frederiksberg, Denmark
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Stigboejlen 4, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
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Suástegui-Urquijo Z, Jaramillo-Arango CJ, Martínez-Hernández F, Ureta E, Trigo-Tavera F, Suárez-Güemes F, Xicohtencatl-Cortes J, Hernández-Castro R. Identification and phylogenetic relationship of Mannheimia varigena using the 16S rRNA subunit and the rpoB gene. ANN MICROBIOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-014-1017-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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48
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Christensen H, Nicklas W, Bisgaard M. Investigation of taxa of the family Pasteurellaceae isolated from Syrian and European hamsters and proposal of Mesocricetibacter intestinalis gen. nov., sp. nov. and Cricetibacter osteomyelitidis gen. nov., sp. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2014; 64:3636-3643. [DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.067470-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Eleven strains from hamster of Bisgaard taxa 23 and 24, also referred to as Krause’s groups 2 and 1, respectively, were investigated by a polyphasic approach including data published previously. Strains showed small, regular and circular colonies with smooth and shiny appearance, typical of members of the family
Pasteurellaceae
. The strains formed two monophyletic groups based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison to other members of the family
Pasteurellaceae
. Partial rpoB sequencing as well as published data on DNA–DNA hybridization showed high genotypic relationships within both groups. Menaquinone 7 (MK7) was found in strains of both groups as well as an unknown ubiquinone with shorter chain length than previously reported for any other member of the family
Pasteurellaceae
. A new genus with one species, Mesocricetibacter intestinalis gen. nov., sp. nov., is proposed to accommodate members of taxon 24 of Bisgaard whereas members of taxon 23 of Bisgaard are proposed to represent Cricetibacter osteomyelitidis gen. nov., sp. nov. Major fatty acids of type strains of type species of both genera are C14 : 0, C14 : 0 3-OH/iso-C16 : 1 I, C16 : 1ω7c and C16 : 0. The two genera are clearly separated by phenotype from each other and from existing genera of the family
Pasteurellaceae
. The type strain of Mesocricetibacter intestinalis is HIM 933/7T ( = Kunstyr 246/85T = CCUG 28030T = DSM 28403T) while the type strain of Cricetibacter osteomyelitidis is HIM943/7T ( = Kunstyr 507/85T = CCUG 36451T = DSM 28404T).
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Christensen
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 4 Stigbøjlen, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - W. Nicklas
- Microbiological Diagnostics, German Cancer Research Centre, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M. Bisgaard
- Horsevænget 40, DK-4130 Viby Sjælland, Denmark
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49
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Alispahic M, Christensen H, Bisgaard M, Hess M, Hess C. MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry confirms difficulties in separating species of the Avibacterium genus. Avian Pathol 2014; 43:258-63. [PMID: 24802229 DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2014.916038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
In the present study a well-characterized strain collection (n = 33) of Avibacterium species was investigated by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). The robustness of the currently available reference database (Bruker Biotyper 3.0) was tested to determine the degree of identification of these strains. Reproducible signal patterns were obtained from all strains. However, identification of most strains was only possible at genus level. Furthermore, two strains could not be identified by this method. Based on their protein spectra profiles, a MALDI main spectra dendrogram was created to determine their relationship. Most strains were closely related-for example, 26 strains formed cluster 1 including the type strains of Avibacterium volantium, Avibacterium gallinarum, Avibacterium endocarditidis and Avibacterium avium-while Avibacterium paragallinarum biovars 1 and 2 formed cluster 2 and, finally, strain 55000 remained on its own. The present MALDI-TOF MS results confirm recent findings that only certain isolates of Av. paragallinarum represent a well-defined species within the genus Avibacterium, making a taxonomic revision essential. To improve identification of Avibacterium at species level by MALDI-TOF MS, relevant reference strains were included in the newly created database and results are presented. In conclusion, Av. paragallinarum can be identified by MALDI/Biotyper and not the other species of the genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merima Alispahic
- a Clinic for Poultry and Fish Medicine, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health , University of Veterinary Medicine , Vienna , Austria
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50
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Mühldorfer K, Speck S, Wibbelt G. Proposal of Vespertiliibacter pulmonis gen. nov., sp. nov. and two genomospecies as new members of the family Pasteurellaceae isolated from European bats. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2014; 64:2424-2430. [PMID: 24776530 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.062786-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Five bacterial strains isolated from bats of the family Vespertilionidae were characterized by phenotypic tests and multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) using the 16S rRNA gene and four housekeeping genes (rpoA, rpoB, infB, recN). Phylogenetic analyses of individual and combined datasets indicated that the five strains represent a monophyletic cluster within the family Pasteurellaceae. Comparison of 16S rRNA gene sequences demonstrated a high degree of similarity (98.3-99.9%) among the group of bat-derived strains, while searches in nucleotide databases indicated less than 96% sequence similarity to known members of the Pasteurellaceae. The housekeeping genes rpoA, rpoB, infB and recN provided higher resolution compared with the 16S rRNA gene and subdivided the group according to the bat species from which the strains were isolated. Three strains derived from noctule bats shared 98.6-100% sequence similarity in all four genes investigated, whereas, based on rpoB, infB and recN gene sequences, 91.8-96% similarity was observed with and between the remaining two strains isolated from a serotine bat and a pipistrelle bat, respectively. Genome relatedness as deduced from recN gene sequences correlated well with the results of MLSA and indicated that the five strains represent a new genus. Based on these results, it is proposed to classify the five strains derived from bats within Vespertiliibacter pulmonis gen. nov., sp. nov. (the type species), Vespertiliibacter genomospecies 1 and Vespertiliibacter genomospecies 2. The genus can be distinguished phenotypically from recognized genera of the Pasteurellaceae by at least three characteristics. All strains are nutritionally fastidious and require a chemically defined supplement with NAD for growth. The DNA G+C content of strain E127/08(T) is 38.2 mol%. The type strain of Vespertiliibacter pulmonis gen. nov., sp. nov. is E127/08(T) ( = CCUG 64585(T) = DSM 27238(T)). The reference strains of Vespertiliibacter genomospecies 1 and 2 are E145/08 and E157/08, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Mühldorfer
- Department of Wildlife Diseases, Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stephanie Speck
- Institute for Animal Hygiene and Veterinary Public Health, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Gudrun Wibbelt
- Department of Wildlife Diseases, Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Berlin, Germany
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