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Fan L, Zhang Z. Therapeutic potential of curcumin on the cognitive decline in animal models of Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:4499-4509. [PMID: 38265680 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-02946-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Curcumin, a polyphenol derived from the herb turmeric, has emerged as a prospective potential therapy in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the efficacy of curcumin treatment in improving cognitive decline caused controversy recently. We aimed to systematically review the effect of curcumin on cognitive impairment in an animal model of AD. We conducted an exhaustive database search of related studies. Two investigators identified studies and independently extracted data. Stratified meta-analyses and meta-regression analyses were carried out to explore the sources of heterogeneity. Publication bias was assessed using funnel plots and Egger's test. Our systematic review included 33 articles. A meta-analysis of 29 publications showed that curcumin exerts significant positive effects on cognitive performance. For acquisition, the global estimated effect of curcumin was - 2.027 (95% CI - 2.435 to - 1.619, p < 0.001); for retention, the global estimated effect of curcumin was 1.606 (95% CI 1.101 to 2.111, p < 0.001). The stratified meta-analysis demonstrated that an increased effect size depended on diverse study characteristics. Additionally, publication bias was detected. We conclude that curcumin may reduce cognitive deficits in experimental AD. Furthermore, we emphasize that additional well-designed and well-reported animal studies are needed to inform further clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longmin Fan
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Zheyu Zhang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
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Singh K, Kumar P, Singh AK, Singh N, Singh S, Tiwari KN, Agrawal S, Das R, Singh A, Ram B, Tripathi AK, Mishra SK. In silico and network pharmacology analysis of fucosterol: a potent anticancer bioactive compound against HCC. Med Oncol 2024; 41:130. [PMID: 38676780 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-024-02374-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
The Fucaceae family of marine brown algae includes Ascophyllum nodosum. Fucosterol (FSL) is a unique bioactive component that was identified through GC-MS analysis of the hydroalcoholic extract of A. nodosum. Fucosterol's mechanism of action towards hepatocellular cancer was clarified using network pharmacology and docking study techniques. The probable target gene of FSL has been predicted using the TargetNet and SwissTargetPred databases. GeneCards and the DisGNet database were used to check the targeted genes of FSL. By using the web programme Venny 2.1, the overlaps of FSL and HCC disease demonstrated that 18 genes (1.3%) were obtained as targeted genes Via the STRING database, a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network with 18 common target genes was constructed. With the aid of CytoNCA, hub genes were screened using the Cytoscape software, and the targets' hub genes were exported into the ShinyGo online tool for study of KEGG and gene ontology enrichment. Using the software AutoDock, a hub gene molecular docking study was performed. Ten genes, including AR, CYP19A1, ESR1, ESR2, TNF, PPARA, PPARG, HMGCR, SRC, and IGF1R, were obtained. The 10 targeted hubs docked with FSL successfully. The active components FSL of ASD, the FSL, are engaged in fatty liver disease, cancer pathways, and other signalling pathways, which could prove beneficial for the management of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kajal Singh
- Department of Biosciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Department of Botany, MMV, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Amit Kumar Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, UP, 221005, India
| | - Nancy Singh
- Department of Biosciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sakshi Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Parul Institute of Applied Science, Parul University, Vadodara, Gujarat, 391760, India
| | - Kavindra Nath Tiwari
- Department of Botany, MMV, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Shreni Agrawal
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidhyapith, Tonk, Rajsthan, India
| | - Richa Das
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidhyapith, Tonk, Rajsthan, India
| | - Anuradha Singh
- Department of Biosciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Bhuwal Ram
- Department of Dravyaguna, IMS, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Amit Kumar Tripathi
- School of Basic and Applied Science, Galgotias University, Gautam Buddha Nagar, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 203201, India
| | - Sunil Kumar Mishra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, UP, 221005, India.
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Fawzy RM, Abdel-Aziz AA, Bassiouny K, Fayed AM. Phytocompounds-based therapeutic approach: Investigating curcumin and green tea extracts on MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2024; 22:100339. [PMID: 38494270 PMCID: PMC10980874 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgeb.2023.100339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer (BC) has transcended lung cancer as the most common cancer in the world. Due to the disease's aggressiveness, rapid growth, and heterogeneity, it is crucial to investigate different therapeutic approaches for treatment. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), Plant-based therapeutics continue to be utilized as safe/non-toxic complementary or alternative treatments for cancer, even in developed countries, regardless of how cutting-edge conventional therapies are. Despite their low bioavailability, curcumin (CUR) and green tea (GT) represent safer therapeutic options. Due to their potent molecular-modulating properties on various cancer-related molecules and signaling pathways, they are considered gold-standard therapeutic agents and have been incorporated into the development of one or more therapeutic strategies of BC treatment. METHODS We investigated the modulatory role of CUR and GT extracts on significant multi molecular targets in MCF-7 BC cell line to assess their potential as BC multi-targeting agents. We analyzed the phytocompounds in GT leaves using High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) techniques. The mRNA expression levels of Raf-1, Telomerase, Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and Interleukin-8 (IL-8) genes in MCF-7 cells were quantified using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The cytotoxicity of the extracts was assessed by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and the released Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), a valuable marker for identifying the programmed necrosis (necroptosis). Additionally, the concentrations of the necroptosis-related proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-8) were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS In contrast to the GT, the results showed the anticancer and cytotoxic properties of CUR against MCF-7 cells, with a relatively higher level of released LDH. The CUR extract downregulated the oncogenic Raf-1, suppressed the Telomerase and upregulated the TNF-α and IL-8 genes. Results from the ELISA showed a notable increase in IL-8 and TNF-α cytokines levels after CUR treatment, which culminated after 72 h. CONCLUSIONS Among both extracts, only CUR effectively modulated the understudy molecular targets, achieving multi-targeting anticancer activity against MCF-7 cells. Moreover, the applied dosage significantly increased levels of the proinflammatory cytokines, which represent a component of the cytokines-targeting-based therapeutic strategy. However, further investigations are recommended to validate this therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radwa M Fawzy
- Department of Molecular Biology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt.
| | - Amal A Abdel-Aziz
- Department of Molecular Biology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Khalid Bassiouny
- Department of Molecular Biology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Aysam M Fayed
- Department of Molecular Biology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
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Lamichhane G, Liu J, Lee SJ, Lee DY, Zhang G, Kim Y. Curcumin Mitigates the High-Fat High-Sugar Diet-Induced Impairment of Spatial Memory, Hepatic Metabolism, and the Alteration of the Gut Microbiome in Alzheimer's Disease-Induced (3xTg-AD) Mice. Nutrients 2024; 16:240. [PMID: 38257133 PMCID: PMC10818691 DOI: 10.3390/nu16020240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The escalating prevalence of metabolic diseases and an aging demographic has been correlated with a concerning rise in Alzheimer's disease (AD) incidence. This study aimed to access the protective effects of curcumin, a bioactive flavonoid from turmeric, on spatial memory, metabolic functions, and the regulation of the gut microbiome in AD-induced (3xTg-AD) mice fed with either a normal chow diet (NCD) or a high-fat high-sugar diet (HFHSD). Our findings revealed an augmented susceptibility of the HFHSD-fed 3xTg-AD mice for weight gain and memory impairment, while curcumin supplementation demonstrated a protective effect against these changes. This was evidenced by significantly reduced body weight gain and improved behavioral and cognitive function in the curcumin-treated group. These improvements were substantiated by diminished fatty acid synthesis, altered cholesterol metabolism, and suppressed adipogenesis-related pathways in the liver, along with modified synaptic plasticity-related pathways in the brain. Moreover, curcumin enriched beneficial gut microbiota, including Oscillospiraceae and Rikenellaceae at the family level, and Oscillibacter, Alistipes, Pseudoflavonifractor, Duncaniella, and Flintibacter at the genus level. The observed alteration in these gut microbiota profiles suggests a potential crosswalk in the liver and brain for regulating metabolic and cognitive functions, particularly in the context of obesity-associated cognitive disfunction, notably AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopal Lamichhane
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA; (G.L.); (S.-J.L.); (D.-Y.L.)
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA; (J.L.); (G.Z.)
| | - Su-Jeong Lee
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA; (G.L.); (S.-J.L.); (D.-Y.L.)
| | - Da-Yeon Lee
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA; (G.L.); (S.-J.L.); (D.-Y.L.)
| | - Guolong Zhang
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA; (J.L.); (G.Z.)
| | - Yoo Kim
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA; (G.L.); (S.-J.L.); (D.-Y.L.)
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Lee PC, Li CZ, Lu CT, Zhao MH, Lai SM, Liao MH, Peng CL, Liu HT, Lai PS. Microcurrent Cloth-Assisted Transdermal Penetration and Follicular Ducts Escape of Curcumin-Loaded Micelles for Enhanced Wound Healing. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:8077-8097. [PMID: 38164267 PMCID: PMC10758166 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s440034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Larger nanoparticles of bioactive compounds deposit high concentrations in follicular ducts after skin penetration. In this study, we investigated the effects of microcurrent cloth on the skin penetration and translocation of large nanoparticle applied for wound repair applications. Methods A self-assembly of curcumin-loaded micelles (CMs) was prepared to improve the water solubility and transdermal efficiency of curcumin. Microcurrent cloth (M) was produced by Zn/Ag electrofabric printing to facilitate iontophoretic transdermal delivery. The transdermal performance of CMs combined with M was evaluated by a transdermal system and confocal microscopy. The CMs/iontophoretic combination effects on nitric oxide (NO) production and inflammatory cytokines were evaluated in Raw 264.7 cells. The wound-healing property of the combined treatment was assessed in a surgically created full-thickness circular wound mouse model. Results Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy confirmed the presence of Zn/Ag on the microcurrent cloth. The average potential of M was measured to be +214.6 mV in PBS. Large particle CMs (CM-L) prepared using surfactant/cosurfactant present a particle size of 142.9 nm with a polydispersity index of 0.319. The solubility of curcumin in CM-L was 2143.67 μg/mL, indicating 250-fold higher than native curcumin (8.68 μg/mL). The combined treatment (CM-L+M) demonstrated a significant ability to inhibit NO production and increase IL-6 and IL-10 secretion. Surprisingly, microcurrent application significantly improved 20.01-fold transdermal performance of curcumin in CM-L with an obvious escape of CM-L from follicular ducts to surrounding observed by confocal microscopy. The CM-L+M group also exhibited a better wound-closure rate (77.94% on day 4) and the regenerated collagen intensity was approximately 2.66-fold higher than the control group, with a closure rate greater than 90% on day 8 in vivo. Conclusion Microcurrent cloth play as a promising iontophoretic transdermal drug delivery accelerator that enhances skin penetration and assists CMs to escape from follicular ducts for wound repair applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Chi Lee
- xTrans Corporate Research and Innovation Center, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Cun-Zhao Li
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Te Lu
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Min-Han Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Syu-Ming Lai
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Man-Hua Liao
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Liang Peng
- Isotope Application Division, National Atomic Research Institute, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Tung Liu
- xTrans Corporate Research and Innovation Center, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Shan Lai
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Dumlu Bilgin G, Büyükuslu N, Eyüpoğlu OE, Cumbul A. Co-administration of curcumin and polyamines in high-fat diet induced obese rats: Assessment of changes in serum polyamine levels and some tissue parameters. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2023; 169:106784. [PMID: 37726052 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2023.106784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a non-communicable chronic disease that continues to increase around the world. Recently, it has been shown that curcumin positively affects lipid, energy metabolism, and body weight change. Moreover, polyamines are aliphatic polycations, which can be found in all mammalian cells and foods and have been shown to prevent obesity through many different mechanisms. However, whether the co-administration of curcumin and polyamines has synergistic effects has yet to be clarified. Our study aimed to examine the effects of curcumin and polyamines on obesity and to assess the changes in serum polyamine levels and tissue parameters. 28 Sprague-Dawley male rats were fed a high-fat diet for 10 weeks to develop obesity, and then they were randomly divided into 4 groups as the control group (CONT), curcumin group (CUR), polyamine group (POL), curcumin and polyamine group (CUR+POL) and supplements were administered for 6 weeks. As a result, the lowest feed consumption in rats was recorded in the CUR+POL group, and the group with the lowest weight after supplements was the POL group, then the CUR+POL, CONT, and CUR groups, respectively. N-acetyl putrescine and GABA levels increased significantly after obesity development. The total histopathological score in fat, liver, and kidney tissues increased significantly in the CONT group. In the CUR+POL group, damage to the tissues was in the direction of recovery compared to the other groups, and the expression of NF-κB was significantly low. These results suggest that combined curcumin and polyamines may have protective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gözde Dumlu Bilgin
- Yeditepe University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, İstanbul, Turkey.
| | - Nihal Büyükuslu
- Istanbul Medipol University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Ozan Emre Eyüpoğlu
- Istanbul Medipol University, School of Pharmacy, Department of Biochemistry, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Alev Cumbul
- Yeditepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, İstanbul, Turkey
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Liu Y, Zhou M, Wang S, Feng J, Lu C, Jin G. Strategy of eudragit coated curcumin nanoparticles delivery system: Release and cell imaging studies in simulated gastrointestinal microenvironments. Bioorg Chem 2023; 139:106732. [PMID: 37480813 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Curcumin has a broad-spectrum anti-tumor effect and has no toxic side effects. However, the unique diketone structure of curcumin will undergo diketo-enol tautomerism under different acid-base conditions, resulting in its instability under physiological conditions. In addition, the low biocompatibility and absorption rate of curcumin also limit the use of curcumin drugs. In this paper, curcumin was modified by substitution of acryloyl and acrylsulfonyl groups, and four kinds of nanoparticles with regular morphology were prepared using non-toxic and non-irritating acrylic resin as coating material to improve the stability and bioavailability of the compounds. Zeta potential testing shows that the composites surface carries positive charges and have good stability. In the release experiment, four complexes have the potential for slow and controlled release. Imaging of Hela cells with different channels was performed, and the imaging results showed that the complexes could enter the cells and be absorbed by them, demonstrating good imaging performance. MTT experiments have shown that the complexes have certain anti-tumor activity and low cytotoxicity. In general, the complexes synthesized in this paper have potential in the field of drug fluorescence imaging detection. At the same time, this experiment provides a new idea for the design of slow and controlled release of drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Meng Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Jiankang Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Chichong Lu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Guofan Jin
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
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Talebpour A, Mohammadifard M, Zare Feyzabadi R, Mahmoudzadeh S, Rezapour H, Saharkhiz M, Tajik M, Ferns GA, Bahrami A. Effect of curcumin on inflammatory biomarkers and iron profile in patients with premenstrual syndrome and dysmenorrhea: A randomized controlled trial. Physiol Rep 2023; 11:e15763. [PMID: 37394650 PMCID: PMC10315327 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and primary dysmenorrhea are common gynecological problems and inflammation may have a role in their etiology. Curcumin is a polyphenolic natural product for which there is increasing evidence of anti-inflammatory and iron chelation effects. This study assessed the effects of curcumin on inflammatory biomarkers and iron profile in young women with PMS and dysmenorrhea. A sample of 76 patients was included in this triple-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Participants were randomly allocated to curcumin (n = 38) and control groups (n = 38). Each participant received one capsule (500 mg of curcuminoid+ piperine, or placebo) daily, from 7 days before until 3 days after menstruation for three consecutive menstrual cycles. Serum iron, ferritin, total iron-binding capacity (TIBC) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), as well as white blood cell, lymphocyte, neutrophil, platelet counts, mean platelet volume (MPV) and red blood cell distribution width (RDW), were quantified. Neutrophil: lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet: lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and RDW: platelet ratio (RPR) were also calculated. Curcumin significantly decreased the median (interquartile range) serum levels of hsCRP [from 0.30 mg/L (0.0-1.10) to 0.20 mg/L (0.0-1.3); p = 0.041] compared with placebo, but did not show any difference for neutrophil, RDW, MPV, NLR, PLR and RPR values (p > 0.05). The treatment schedule was well-tolerated, and none of markers of iron metabolism statistically changed after the intervention in the curcumin group (p > 0.05). Curcumin supplementation may have positive effects on serum hsCRP, a marker of inflammation, with no any changes on iron homeostasis in healthy women with PMS and dysmenorrhea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Talebpour
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Centre, School of MedicineBirjand University of Medical SciencesBirjandIran
- Student Research CommitteeBirjand University of Medical SciencesBirjandIran
| | - Mahtab Mohammadifard
- Infectious Diseases Research CenterBirjand University of Medical SciencesBirjandIran
| | - Reza Zare Feyzabadi
- Metabolic Syndrome Research CenterMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Sara Mahmoudzadeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research CenterBirjand University of Medical SciencesBirjandIran
| | - Hadis Rezapour
- Cellular and Molecular Research CenterBirjand University of Medical SciencesBirjandIran
| | - Mansoore Saharkhiz
- Cellular and Molecular Research CenterBirjand University of Medical SciencesBirjandIran
| | - Mahboube Tajik
- Student Research CommitteeBirjand University of Medical SciencesBirjandIran
| | - Gordon A. Ferns
- Division of Medical EducationBrighton & Sussex Medical SchoolBrightonSussexUK
| | - Afsane Bahrami
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Akbar Hospital, Faculty of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Imam Reza Hospital, Faculty of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
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Xu J, Du P, Liu X, Xu X, Ge Y, Zhang C. Curcumin supplementation increases longevity and antioxidant capacity in Caenorhabditis elegans. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1195490. [PMID: 37346299 PMCID: PMC10279890 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1195490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Curcumin is well known as a potent antioxidant and free radical scavenger and has great potential for anti-aging applications. In this study, we investigate the molecular mechanism of curcumin in prolonging the lifespan of C. elegans. Four concentrations of curcumin (10, 25, 50, and 100 µM) were administered, and the optimal treatment concentration was determined by analyzing the nematode lifespan, physiology, and biochemistry. Additionally, RNA-seq and qRT-PCR were performed to explore the antioxidant effect of curcumin and its underlying mechanism. Results revealed that curcumin could significantly improve the survival capacity of C. elegans without influencing its growth. Curcumin was observed to significantly decrease the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) under extreme conditions such as heat stress and paraquat stress. In addition, curcumin increased the amount of nematode mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) replication. RNA-seq results revealed that the underlying mechanism of curcumin in C. elegans is related to the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. qRT-PCR results confirmed that the expression of oxidative stress-related genes (sod-1, sod-2, sod-3, gst-4) was increased, and the expression of MAPK signaling pathway-related genes (sek-1, pmk-1, nsy-1) was significantly downregulated. Furthermore, the administration of curcumin extended the lifespan of nematodes, potentially through the enhancement of oxidative stress resistance and the downregulation of the MAPK signaling pathway. These findings improve our understanding of both lifespan extension and the potential mechanism of curcumin in C. elegans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Chenggang Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Gull N, Arshad F, Naikoo GA, Hassan IU, Pedram MZ, Ahmad A, Aljabali AAA, Mishra V, Satija S, Charbe N, Negi P, Goyal R, Serrano-Aroca Á, Al Zoubi MS, El-Tanani M, Tambuwala MM. Recent Advances in Anticancer Activity of Novel Plant Extracts and Compounds from Curcuma longa in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J Gastrointest Cancer 2023; 54:368-390. [PMID: 35285010 PMCID: PMC8918363 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-022-00809-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Among all forms of cancers, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common cancer worldwide. There are several treatment options for HCC ranging from loco-regional therapy to surgical treatment. Yet, there is high morbidity and mortality. Recent research focus has shifted towards more effective and less toxic cancer treatment options. Curcumin, the active ingredient in the Curcuma longa plant, has gained widespread attention in recent years because of its multifunctional properties as an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anticancer agent. METHODS A systematic search of PubMed, Embase and Google Scholar was performed for studies reporting incidence of HCC, risk factors associated with cirrhosis and experimental use of curcumin as an anti-cancer agent. RESULTS This review exclusively encompasses the anti-cancer properties of curcumin in HCC globally and it's postulated molecular targets of curcumin when used against liver cancers. CONCLUSIONS This review is concluded by presenting the current challenges and future perspectives of novel plant extracts derived from C. longa and the treatment options against cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nighat Gull
- School of Sciences, Maulana Azad National Urdu University, 32, Hyderabad, TS, India
| | - Fareeha Arshad
- Department of Biochemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, U.P., India
| | - Gowhar A Naikoo
- Department of Mathematics and Sciences, College of Arts and Applied Sciences, Dhofar University, Salalah, Sultanate of Oman.
| | - Israr Ul Hassan
- College of Engineering, Dhofar University, Salalah, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Mona Zamani Pedram
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering-Energy Division, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, P.O. Box: 19395-1999, No. 15-19, Pardis St., Mollasadra Ave., Vanak Sq., Tehran, 1999 143344, Iran
| | - Arif Ahmad
- School of Sciences, Maulana Azad National Urdu University, 32, Hyderabad, TS, India
| | - Alaa A A Aljabali
- Department of Pharmaceutics & Pharmaceutical Technology, Yarmouk University, Irbid, 21163, Jordan
| | - Vijay Mishra
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Saurabh Satija
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Nitin Charbe
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rangel College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, Kingsville, TX, 78363, USA
| | - Poonam Negi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology & Management Sciences, Solan, 173229, India
| | - Rohit Goyal
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology & Management Sciences, Solan, 173229, India
| | - Ángel Serrano-Aroca
- Biomaterials & Bioengineering Lab, Centro de Investigación Traslacional San Alberto Magno, Universidad Católica de Valencia, San Vicente Mártir, 46001, Valencia, Spain
| | - Mazhar S Al Zoubi
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Mohamed El-Tanani
- Pharmacological and Diagnostic Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Murtaza M Tambuwala
- School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ulster University, Northern Ireland, Coleraine, BT52 1SA, County Londonderry, UK.
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Jamil SNH, Ali AH, Feroz SR, Lam SD, Agustar HK, Mohd Abd Razak MR, Latip J. Curcumin and Its Derivatives as Potential Antimalarial and Anti-Inflammatory Agents: A Review on Structure-Activity Relationship and Mechanism of Action. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:609. [PMID: 37111366 PMCID: PMC10146798 DOI: 10.3390/ph16040609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Curcumin, one of the major ingredients of turmeric (Curcuma longa), has been widely reported for its diverse bioactivities, including against malaria and inflammatory-related diseases. However, curcumin's low bioavailability limits its potential as an antimalarial and anti-inflammatory agent. Therefore, research on the design and synthesis of novel curcumin derivatives is being actively pursued to improve the pharmacokinetic profile and efficacy of curcumin. This review discusses the antimalarial and anti-inflammatory activities and the structure-activity relationship (SAR), as well as the mechanisms of action of curcumin and its derivatives in malarial treatment. This review provides information on the identification of the methoxy phenyl group responsible for the antimalarial activity and the potential sites and functional groups of curcumin for structural modification to improve its antimalarial and anti-inflammatory actions, as well as potential molecular targets of curcumin derivatives in the context of malaria and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti Nur Hidayah Jamil
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Amatul Hamizah Ali
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Shevin Rizal Feroz
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Su Datt Lam
- Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hani Kartini Agustar
- Department of Earth Sciences and Environment, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Ridzuan Mohd Abd Razak
- Herbal Medicine Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Health (NIH) Complex, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam 40170, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Jalifah Latip
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
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Raguraman R, Bhavsar D, Kim D, Ren X, Sikavitsas V, Munshi A, Ramesh R. Tumor-targeted exosomes for delivery of anticancer drugs. Cancer Lett 2023; 558:216093. [PMID: 36822543 PMCID: PMC10025995 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes are small phospholipid bilayer vesicles that are naturally produced by all living cells, both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. The exosomes due to their unique size, reduced immunogenicity, and their ability to mimic synthetic liposomes in carrying various anticancer drugs have been tested as drug delivery vehicles for cancer treatment. An added advantage of developing exosomes as a drug carrier is the ease of manipulating their intraluminal content and their surface modification to achieve tumor-targeted drug delivery. In the past ten-years, there has been an exponential increase in the number of exosome-related studies in cancer. Preclinical studies demonstrate exosomes-mediated delivery of chemotherapeutics, biologicals and natural products produce potent anticancer activity both, in vitro and in vivo. In contrast, the number of exosome-based clinical trials are few due to challenges in the manufacturing and scalability related to large-scale production of exosomes and their storage and stability. Herein, we discuss recent advances in exosome-based drug delivery for cancer treatment in preclinical and clinical studies and conclude with challenges to be overcome for translating a larger number of exosome-based therapies into the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeswari Raguraman
- Department of Pathology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA; OU Health Stephenson Cancer Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Dhaval Bhavsar
- Department of Pathology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA; OU Health Stephenson Cancer Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Dongin Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA; OU Health Stephenson Cancer Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Xiaoyu Ren
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Vassilios Sikavitsas
- School of Chemical, Biological and Material Engineering, The University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, 73019, USA; OU Health Stephenson Cancer Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Anupama Munshi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA; OU Health Stephenson Cancer Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Rajagopal Ramesh
- Department of Pathology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA; OU Health Stephenson Cancer Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA; Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA.
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13
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Yihunie W, Kebede B, Tegegne BA, Getachew M, Abebe D, Aschale Y, Belew H, Bahiru B. Systematic Review of Safety of RTS,S with AS01 and AS02 Adjuvant Systems Using Data from Randomized Controlled Trials in Infants, Children, and Adults. Clin Pharmacol 2023; 15:21-32. [PMID: 36941908 PMCID: PMC10024506 DOI: 10.2147/cpaa.s400155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Emergence of antimalarial drugs and insecticides resistance alarms scientists to develop a safe and effective malaria vaccine. A pre-erythrocytic malaria vaccine called RTS,S has made great strides. Aim The review was aimed to assess the safety of the candidate malaria vaccine RTS,S with AS01 and AS02 adjuvants using data from Phase I-III randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs). Methods This systematic review was conducted based on PRISMA 2020. Regardless of time of publication year, all articles related with safety of RTS,S, RCTs published in the English language were included in the study. The last search of databases, and registry was conducted on 30 May, 2022. Pubmed, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, Wiley Online Library, and Clinical trials.gov were thoroughly searched for accessible RCTs on the safety of RTS,S malaria vaccine. The studies were screened in three steps: duplicate removal, title and abstract screening, and full-text review. The included studies' bias risk was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool for RCTs. This systematic review is registered at Prospero (registration number: CRD42021285888). The qualitative descriptive findings from the included published studies were reported stratified by clinical trial phases. Findings A total of thirty-five eligible safety studies were identified. Injection site pain and swelling, febrile convulsion, fever, headache, meningitis, fatigue, gastroenteritis, myalgia, pneumonia, reactogenicity, and anemia were the most commonly reported adverse events. Despite few clinical trials reported serious adverse events, none of them were related to vaccination. Conclusion Most of the adverse events observed from RTS,S/AS01 and RTS,S/AS02 malaria vaccines were reported in the control group and shared by other vaccines. Hence, the authors concluded that both RTS,S/AS01 and RTS,S/AS02 malaria vaccines are safe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wubetu Yihunie
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
| | - Bekalu Kebede
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
| | - Bantayehu Addis Tegegne
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
| | - Melese Getachew
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
| | - Dehnnet Abebe
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
| | - Yibeltal Aschale
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
| | - Habtamu Belew
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
| | - Bereket Bahiru
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and health sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
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14
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Ataei M, Roufogalis BD, Majeed M, Shah MA, Sahebkar A. Curcumin Nanofibers: A Novel Approach to Enhance the Anticancer Potential and Bioavailability of Curcuminoids. Curr Med Chem 2023; 30:286-303. [PMID: 35319355 DOI: 10.2174/0929867329666220322110348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Development of novel treatment methods for cancer is needed given the limitations of current treatment methods, including side effects and chemotherapeutic resistance, which may provide new hope to cancer patients. Cancer is the second leading cause of global mortality. Curcumin, the active ingredient of turmeric, has been used since ancient times for various therapeutic purposes. Several studies have identified its activity against cancer. Despite the established anticancer activity of curcumin, its low aqueous solubility and bioavailability are barriers to its effectiveness. In an attempt to solve this problem, many studies have formulated curcumin nanofiber preparations using a variety of methods. Electrospinning is a simple and affordable method for the production of nanofibers. Studies have shown increased curcumin bioavailability in nanofibers resulting from their high surface/volume ratio and porosity. We have undertaken a detailed review of studies on the anticancer effects of curcumin nanofibers. Curcumin acts by inhibiting various biological cancer pathways, including NF-κB, mTOR, complex I, cytokines, expression of p-p65, Ki67, and angiogenesis-associated genes. It also induces apoptosis through activation of caspase pathways and ROS production in cancer cells. Curcumin-loaded PLA50/PVP50/Cur15 nanofibers were investigated in breast cancer, one of the most studied cancers, and was shown to have significant effects on the widely used HeLa-cell line. Most of the studies undertaken have been performed in cell lines in vitro, while relatively few animal studies have been reported. More preclinical and clinical studies are needed to evaluate the anticancer activity of curcumin nanofibers. Amongst studies undertaken, a variety of curcumin nanofibers of various formulations have been shown to suppress a variety of cancer types. Overall, curcumin nanofibers have been found to be more efficient than free curcumin. Thus, curcumin nanofibers have been observed to improvise cancer treatment, offering great potential for effective cancer management. Further studies, both in vitro and in vivo, involving curcumin nanofibers have the potential to benefit cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahshid Ataei
- School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and Toxicology & Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Basil D Roufogalis
- Discipline of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,National Institute of Complementary Medicine, Western Sydney University, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Muhammad A Shah
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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15
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Yin Y, Xie X, Zhou L, Yin X, Guo S, Zhou X, Li Q, Shi X, Peng C, Gao J. A chromosome-scale genome assembly of turmeric provides insights into curcumin biosynthesis and tuber formation mechanism. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1003835. [PMID: 36226278 PMCID: PMC9549246 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1003835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Curcuma longa, known as the 'golden spice' and 'life spice', is one of the most commonly utilized spices in the world and also has medicinal, cosmetic, dye and flavoring values. Herein, we present the chromosomal-level genome for turmeric to explore the differences between tubers and rhizomes in the regulation of curcumin biosynthesis and the mechanism of tuber formation. We assembled the turmeric genome into 21 pseudochromosomes using Pacbio long reads complemented with Hi-C technologies, which has a total length of 1.11 Gb with scaffold N50 of 50.12 Mb and contains 49,612 protein-coding genes. Genomic evolutionary analysis indicated that turmeric and ginger have shared a recent WGD event. Contraction analysis of gene families showed possible roles for transcription factors, phytohormone signaling, and plant-pathogen interactions associated genes in adaptation to harsh environments. Transcriptomic data from tubers at different developmental stages indicated that candidate genes related to phytohormone signaling and carbohydrate metabolic responses may be associated with the induction of tuber formation. The difference in curcumin content between rhizomes and tubers reflected the remodeling of secondary metabolites under environmental stress, which was associated with plant defense in response to abiotic stresses. Overall, the availability of the C. longa genome provides insight into tuber formation and curcumin biosynthesis in turmeric as well as facilitating the understanding of other Curcuma species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanpeng Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaofang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Luojing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xianmei Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuai Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xianjian Zhou
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality and Innovation Research of Chinese Materia Medica, Sichuan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Qingmiao Li
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality and Innovation Research of Chinese Materia Medica, Sichuan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaodong Shi
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jihai Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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16
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Li P, Pu S, Lin C, He L, Zhao H, Yang C, Guo Z, Xu S, Zhou Z. Curcumin selectively induces colon cancer cell apoptosis and S cell cycle arrest by regulates Rb/E2F/p53 pathway. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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17
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Nadeem AY, Shehzad A, Islam SU, Al-Suhaimi EA, Lee YS. Mosquirix™ RTS, S/AS01 Vaccine Development, Immunogenicity, and Efficacy. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10050713. [PMID: 35632469 PMCID: PMC9143879 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10050713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Malaria is a parasitic infection caused by bites from Plasmodium falciparum (P. falciparum)-infected mosquitoes with a present scale of symptoms ranging from moderate fever to neurological disorders. P. falciparum is the most lethal of the five strains of malaria, and is a major case of morbidity and mortality in endemic regions. Recent advancements in malaria diagnostic tools and prevention strategies have improved conjugation antimalarial therapies using fumigation and long-lasting insecticidal sprays, thus lowering malarial infections. Declines in the total number of infected individuals have been correlated with antimalarial drugs. Despite this, malaria remains a major health threat, affecting more than 30 million men, women, and children around the globe, and 20 percent of all children around the globe have malaria parasites in their blood. To overcome this life-threatening condition, novel therapeutic strategies, including immunization, are urgently needed to tackle this infection around the world. In line with this, the development of the RTS, S vaccine was a significant step forward in the fight against malaria. RTS, S is a vaccine for P. falciparum in which R specifies central repeat units, T the T-cell epitopes, and S indicates surface antigen. The RTS, S/AS01 malarial vaccine was synthesized and screened in several clinical trials between 2009 and 2014, involving thousands of young children in seven African countries, showing that children who received the vaccine did not suffer from severe malaria. Mosquirix™ was approved by the World Health Organization in 2021, indicating it to be safe and advocating its integration into routine immunization programs and existing malaria control measures. This paper examines the various stages of the vaccine’s development, including the evaluation of its immunogenicity and efficacy on the basis of a total of 2.3 million administered doses through a routine immunization program. The protection and effectiveness provided by the vaccine are strong, and evidence shows that it can be effectively delivered through the routine child immunization platform. The economic cost of the vaccine remains to be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aroosa Younis Nadeem
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering (SMME), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan; (A.Y.N.); (A.S.)
| | - Adeeb Shehzad
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering (SMME), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan; (A.Y.N.); (A.S.)
| | - Salman Ul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, CECOS University, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan;
| | - Ebtesam A. Al-Suhaimi
- Biology Department, College of Science and Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Young Sup Lee
- BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, School of Life Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-53-950-6353; Fax: +82-53-943-2762
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18
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Xiao J, Cai X, Zhou W, Wang R, Ye Z. Curcumin relieved the rheumatoid arthritis progression via modulating the linc00052/miR-126-5p/PIAS2 axis. Bioengineered 2022; 13:10973-10983. [PMID: 35473503 PMCID: PMC9208441 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2066760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcumin, with its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor properties, is widely used in the treatment of bone disorders, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We investigated the effects of curcumin on fibroblast-like synoviocytes in RA and its underlying mechanism. mRNA and microRNA (miRNA) expression levels were determined using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Cellular functions were detected using cell counting kit-8, 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine, Transwell, and flow cytometric assays. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was performed to measure the cytokine release. Western blotting was used to determine the protein expression levels. An in vivo assay was performed to verify the role of linc00052 in RA. Curcumin promoted apoptosis and inhibited the growth, migration, and invasion of RA fibroblast-like synovial (RAFLS) cells. Curcumin treatment suppressed the inflammatory response of RAFLS cells. Moreover, curcumin increased linc00052 levels, and linc00052 knockdown reversed the effects of curcumin. Additionally, linc00052 functioned as a competing endogenous RNA to upregulate the expression of the protein inhibitor of activated STAT 2 (PIAS2) by sponging miR-126-5p. Curcumin inhibited the Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway. In vivo assays showed that curcumin decreased the arthritis score and improved inflammatory infiltration and synovial cell proliferation. These results reveal that curcumin protects against RA by regulating the inc00052/miR-126-5p/PIAS2 axis through JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Xiao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shenzhen Futian Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, No.22 Nonglin Road, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Xu Cai
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shenzhen Futian Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, No.22 Nonglin Road, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Weijian Zhou
- Department of Rheumatism, Yunnan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine. NO.120 Guanghua Street, Wuhua District, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, 650000, China
| | - Rongsheng Wang
- Department of Rheumatism, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Shanghai, 200052, China
| | - Zhizhong Ye
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shenzhen Futian Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, No.22 Nonglin Road, Shenzhen 518000, China
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Urošević M, Nikolić L, Gajić I, Nikolić V, Dinić A, Miljković V. Curcumin: Biological Activities and Modern Pharmaceutical Forms. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11020135. [PMID: 35203738 PMCID: PMC8868220 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11020135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcumin (1,7-bis-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-hepta-1,6-diene-3,5-dione) is a natural lipophilic polyphenol that exhibits significant pharmacological effects in vitro and in vivo through various mechanisms of action. Numerous studies have identified and characterised the pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and clinical properties of curcumin. Curcumin has an anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, antinociceptive, antiparasitic, antimalarial effect, and it is used as a wound-healing agent. However, poor curcumin absorption in the small intestine, fast metabolism, and fast systemic elimination cause poor bioavailability of curcumin in human beings. In order to overcome these problems, a number of curcumin formulations have been developed. The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of recent research in biological and pharmaceutical aspects of curcumin, methods of sample preparation for its isolation (Soxhlet extraction, ultrasound extraction, pressurised fluid extraction, microwave extraction, enzyme-assisted aided extraction), analytical methods (FTIR, NIR, FT-Raman, UV-VIS, NMR, XRD, DSC, TLC, HPLC, HPTLC, LC-MS, UPLC/Q-TOF-MS) for identification and quantification of curcumin in different matrices, and different techniques for developing formulations. The optimal sample preparation and use of an appropriate analytical method will significantly improve the evaluation of formulations and the biological activity of curcumin.
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20
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Kumar A, Hegde M, Parama D, Kunnumakkara AB. Curcumin: The Golden Nutraceutical on the Road to Cancer Prevention and Therapeutics. A Clinical Perspective. Crit Rev Oncog 2022; 27:33-63. [PMID: 37183937 DOI: 10.1615/critrevoncog.2023045587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is considered as the major public health scourge of the 21st century. Although remarkable strides were made for developing targeted therapeutics, these therapies suffer from lack of efficacy, high cost, and debilitating side effects. Therefore, the search for safe, highly efficacious, and affordable therapies is paramount for establishing a treatment regimen for this deadly disease. Curcumin, a known natural, bioactive, polyphenol compound from the spice turmeric (Curcuma longa), has been well documented for its wide range of pharmacological and biological activities. A plethora of literature indicates its potency as an anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer agent. Curcumin exhibits anti-neoplastic attributes via regulating a wide array of biological cascades involved in mutagenesis, proliferation, apoptosis, oncogene expression, tumorigenesis, and metastasis. Curcumin has shown a wide range of pleiotropic anti-proliferative effect in multiple cancers and is a known inhibitor of varied oncogenic elements, including nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), c-myc, cyclin D1, Bcl-2, VEGF, COX-2, NOS, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukins, and MMP-9. Further, curcumin targets different growth factor receptors and cell adhesion molecules involved in tumor growth and progression, making it a most promising nutraceutical for cancer therapy. To date, curcumin-based therapeutics have completed more than 50 clinical trials for cancer. Although creative experimentation is still elucidating the immense potential of curcumin, systematic validation by proper randomized clinical trials warrant its transition from lab to bedside. Therefore, this review summarizes the outcome of diverse clinical trials of curcumin in various cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aviral Kumar
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam-781039, India
| | - Mangala Hegde
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam-781039, India
| | - Dey Parama
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), Department of Biosciences & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam-781039, India
| | - Ajaikumar B Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam-781039, India
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21
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Surface modification of MCM-41 by chain transfer free radical polymerization and their utilization for intracellular pH-responsive delivery of curcumin. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.118307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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22
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Curcumin in Metabolic Health and Disease. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13124440. [PMID: 34959992 PMCID: PMC8706619 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, epidemiological studies have suggested that metabolic disorders are nutritionally dependent. A healthy diet that is rich in polyphenols may be beneficial in the treatment of metabolic diseases such as polycystic ovary syndrome, metabolic syndrome, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, cardiovascular disease, and, in particular, atherosclerosis. Curcumin is a polyphenol found in turmeric and has been reported to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, anti-atherosclerotic, and antidiabetic properties, among others. This review summarizes the influence of supplementation with curcumin on metabolic parameters in selected metabolic disorders.
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The Role of Oxidative Stress and Therapeutic Potential of Antioxidants in Graves' Ophthalmopathy. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9121871. [PMID: 34944687 PMCID: PMC8698567 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9121871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Graves’ ophthalmopathy (GO) is the most common extrathyroidal manifestation of Graves’ disease. It is characterized initially by an inflammatory process, followed by tissue remodeling and fibrosis, leading to proptosis, exposure keratopathy, ocular motility limitation, and compressive optic neuropathy. The pathogenic mechanism is complex and multifactorial. Accumulating evidence suggests the involvement of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of GO. Cigarette smoking, a major risk factor for GO, has been shown to induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and oxidative damage in GO orbital fibroblasts. In addition, an elevation in ROS and antioxidant enzymes is observed in tears, blood, and urine, as well as orbital fibroadipose tissues and fibroblasts from GO patients. In vitro and in vivo studies have examined the efficacy of various antioxidant supplements for GO. These findings suggest a therapeutic role of antioxidants in GO patients. This review summarizes the current understanding of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis and potential antioxidants for the treatment of GO.
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Carvalho TMA, Di Molfetta D, Greco MR, Koltai T, Alfarouk KO, Reshkin SJ, Cardone RA. Tumor Microenvironment Features and Chemoresistance in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: Insights into Targeting Physicochemical Barriers and Metabolism as Therapeutic Approaches. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:6135. [PMID: 34885243 PMCID: PMC8657427 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13236135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, the median overall survival of PDAC patients rarely exceeds 1 year and has an overall 5-year survival rate of about 9%. These numbers are anticipated to worsen in the future due to the lack of understanding of the factors involved in its strong chemoresistance. Chemotherapy remains the only treatment option for most PDAC patients; however, the available therapeutic strategies are insufficient. The factors involved in chemoresistance include the development of a desmoplastic stroma which reprograms cellular metabolism, and both contribute to an impaired response to therapy. PDAC stroma is composed of immune cells, endothelial cells, and cancer-associated fibroblasts embedded in a prominent, dense extracellular matrix associated with areas of hypoxia and acidic extracellular pH. While multiple gene mutations are involved in PDAC initiation, this desmoplastic stroma plays an important role in driving progression, metastasis, and chemoresistance. Elucidating the mechanisms underlying PDAC resistance are a prerequisite for designing novel approaches to increase patient survival. In this review, we provide an overview of the stromal features and how they contribute to the chemoresistance in PDAC treatment. By highlighting new paradigms in the role of the stromal compartment in PDAC therapy, we hope to stimulate new concepts aimed at improving patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago M. A. Carvalho
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy; (D.D.M.); (M.R.G.); (S.J.R.); (R.A.C.)
| | - Daria Di Molfetta
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy; (D.D.M.); (M.R.G.); (S.J.R.); (R.A.C.)
| | - Maria Raffaella Greco
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy; (D.D.M.); (M.R.G.); (S.J.R.); (R.A.C.)
| | | | - Khalid O. Alfarouk
- Al-Ghad International College for Applied Medical Sciences, Al-Madinah Al-Munwarah 42316, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Stephan J. Reshkin
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy; (D.D.M.); (M.R.G.); (S.J.R.); (R.A.C.)
| | - Rosa A. Cardone
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy; (D.D.M.); (M.R.G.); (S.J.R.); (R.A.C.)
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25
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Tan Y, McClements DJ. Plant-Based Colloidal Delivery Systems for Bioactives. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26226895. [PMID: 34833987 PMCID: PMC8625429 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26226895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The supplementation of plant-based foods and beverages with bioactive agents may be an important strategy for increasing human healthiness. Numerous kinds of colloidal delivery systems have been developed to encapsulate bioactives with the goal of improving their water dispersibility, chemical stability, and bioavailability. In this review, we focus on colloidal delivery systems assembled entirely from plant-based ingredients, such as lipids, proteins, polysaccharides, phospholipids, and surfactants isolated from botanical sources. In particular, the utilization of these ingredients to create plant-based nanoemulsions, nanoliposomes, nanoparticles, and microgels is covered. The utilization of these delivery systems to encapsulate, protect, and release various kinds of bioactives is highlighted, including oil-soluble vitamins (like vitamin D), ω-3 oils, carotenoids (vitamin A precursors), curcuminoids, and polyphenols. The functionality of these delivery systems can be tailored to specific applications by careful selection of ingredients and processing operations, as this enables the composition, size, shape, internal structure, surface chemistry, and electrical characteristics of the colloidal particles to be controlled. The plant-based delivery systems discussed in this article may be useful for introducing active ingredients into the next generation of plant-based foods, meat, seafood, milk, and egg analogs. Nevertheless, there is still a need to systematically compare the functional performance of different delivery systems for specific applications to establish the most appropriate one. In addition, there is a need to test their efficacy at delivering bioavailable forms of bioactives using in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunbing Tan
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA;
| | - David Julian McClements
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA;
- Department of Food Science & Bioengineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, 18 Xuezheng Street, Hangzhou 310018, China
- Correspondence:
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26
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Chen C, Wang J, Sun M, Li J, Wang HMD. Toward the next-generation phyto-nanomedicines: cell-derived nanovesicles (CDNs) for natural product delivery. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 145:112416. [PMID: 34781147 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Phytochemicals are plant-derived bioactive compounds, which have been widely used for therapeutic purposes. Due to the poor water-solubility, low bioavailability and non-specific targeting characteristic, diverse classes of nanocarriers are utilized for encapsulation and delivery of bio-effective agents. Cell-derived nanovesicles (CDNs), known for exosomes or extracellular vesicles (EVs), are biological nanoparticles with multiple functions. Compared to the artificial counterpart, CDNs hold great potential in drug delivery given the higher stability, superior biocompatibility and the lager capability of encapsulating bioactive molecules. Here, we provide a bench-to-bedside review of CDNs-based nanoplatform, including the bio-origin, preparation, characterization and functionalization. Beyond that, the focus is laid on the therapeutic effect of CDNs-mediated drug delivery for natural products. The state-of-art development as well as some pre-clinical applications of using CDNs for disease treatment is also summarized. It is highly expected that the continuing development of CDNs-based delivery systems will further promote the clinical utilization and translation of phyto-nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoxiang Chen
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, China
| | - Jialin Wang
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, China
| | - Mengdi Sun
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, China
| | - Jian Li
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, China.
| | - Hui-Min David Wang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan; Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, China Medical University, Taichung City 404, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
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27
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Ruan H, Lu Q, Wu J, Qin J, Sui M, Sun X, Shi Y, Luo J, Yang M. Hepatotoxicity of food-borne mycotoxins: molecular mechanism, anti-hepatotoxic medicines and target prediction. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:2281-2308. [PMID: 34346825 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1960794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mycotoxins are metabolites produced by fungi. The widespread contamination of food and feed by mycotoxins is a global food safety problem and a serious threat to people's health. Most food-borne mycotoxins have strong hepatotoxicity. However, no effective methods have been found to prevent or treat Mycotoxin- Induced Liver Injury (MILI) in clinical and animal husbandry. In this paper, the molecular mechanisms and potential anti-MILI medicines of six food-borne MILI are reviewed, and their targets are predicted by network toxicology, which provides a theoretical basis for further study of the toxicity mechanism of MILI and the development of effective strategies to manage MILI-related health problems in the future and accelerate the development of food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haonan Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Lu
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiashuo Wu
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaan Qin
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Sui
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xinqi Sun
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Shi
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaoyang Luo
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Meihua Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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28
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Xu X, Wang H, Guo D, Man X, Liu J, Li J, Luo C, Zhang M, Zhen L, Liu X. Curcumin modulates gut microbiota and improves renal function in rats with uric acid nephropathy. Ren Fail 2021; 43:1063-1075. [PMID: 34187292 PMCID: PMC8253186 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2021.1944875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well known that the progression of hyperuricemia disease often contributes to renal dysfunction. However, there have been few studies on uric acid nephropathy (UAN), especially its relationship with gut microbiota. UAN is usually accompanied by disordered intestinal flora, and damaged gut barrier, which are closely related to tubulointerstitial fibrosis, and systemic inflammation. In previous studies, it has been confirmed that curcumin could alleviate tubulointerstitial fibrosis, and improve renal function through its antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, and anti-inflammatory efficacies. However, the effects curcumin exerts on intestinal flora in uric acid nephropathy are still unknown. Therefore, we used next-generation sequencing technology to investigate the effects of curcumin on gut microbiota in a rat model of UAN induced by adenine and potassium oxonate, and rats were randomly divided into control, model or curcumin treatment groups. The results demonstrated that, compared to the model group, the treatment group showed decreased serum uric acid (156.80 ± 11.90 μmol/L vs. 325.60 ± 18.65 μmol/L, p < 0.001), serum creatinine (66.20 ± 11.88 μmol/L vs. 182.20 ± 8.87 μmol/L, p < 0.001) and BUN level (13.33 ± 3.16 mmol/L vs. 36.04 ± 6.60 mmol/L, p < 0.001). The treatment group also displayed attenuated renal pathological lesions and metabolic endotoxemia (25.60 ± 5.90 ng/mL vs. 38.40 ± 4.98 ng/mL, p < 0.01), and improved tightly linked proteins expression. Besides, curcumin altered the gut microbiota structure in UAN rats. More specifically, curcumin treatment protected against the overgrowth of opportunistic pathogens in UAN, including Escherichia-Shigella and Bacteroides, and increased the relative abundance of bacteria producing short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs), such as Lactobacillus and Ruminococcaceae. These results suggest that curcumin could modulate gut microbiota, fortify the intestinal barrier, attenuate metabolic endotoxemia, and consequently protect the renal function in UAN rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueling Xu
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Huifang Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Dandan Guo
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaofei Man
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Junying Li
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Congjuan Luo
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Li Zhen
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xuemei Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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29
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Kou J, Wang M, Shi J, Zhang H, Pu X, Song S, Yang C, Yan Y, Döring Y, Xie X, Pang X. Curcumin Reduces Cognitive Deficits by Inhibiting Neuroinflammation through the Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Pathway in Apolipoprotein E4 Transgenic Mice. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:6654-6662. [PMID: 33748578 PMCID: PMC7970496 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c04810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Apolipoprotein E4 (ApoE4) is the main genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the exact way in which it causes AD remains unclear. Curcumin is considered to have good therapeutic potential for AD, but its mechanism has not been clarified. This study aims to observe the effect of curcumin on ApoE4 transgenic mice and explore its possible molecular mechanism. Eight-month-old ApoE4 transgenic mice were intraperitoneally injected with curcumin for 3 weeks, and the Morris water maze test was used to evaluate the cognitive ability of the mice. Immunofluorescence staining, immunohistochemistry, western blotting, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to examine the brain tissues of the mice. Curcumin reduced the high expression of ApoE4 and the excessive release of inflammatory factors in ApoE4 mice. In particular, the expression of marker proteins of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress was significantly increased in ApoE4 mice, while curcumin significantly reduced the increase in the expression of these proteins. Collectively, curcumin alleviates neuroinflammation in the brains of ApoE4 mice by inhibiting ER stress, thus improving the learning and cognitive ability of transgenic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiejian Kou
- School
of Pharmacy, Henan University, North Section of Jinming Avenue, Kaifeng 475004, Henan, China
| | - Minghui Wang
- School
of Pharmacy, Henan University, North Section of Jinming Avenue, Kaifeng 475004, Henan, China
| | - Junzhuo Shi
- School
of Pharmacy, Henan University, North Section of Jinming Avenue, Kaifeng 475004, Henan, China
| | - Haiyu Zhang
- School
of Pharmacy, Henan University, North Section of Jinming Avenue, Kaifeng 475004, Henan, China
| | - Xiaohui Pu
- School
of Pharmacy, Henan University, North Section of Jinming Avenue, Kaifeng 475004, Henan, China
| | - Shiyong Song
- School
of Pharmacy, Henan University, North Section of Jinming Avenue, Kaifeng 475004, Henan, China
| | - Cuiling Yang
- State
Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Henan University, North Section of Jinming Avenue, Kaifeng 475004, Henan, China
| | - Yi Yan
- Institute
for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University
Munich, Munich 80331, Germany
- DZHK
(German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart
Alliance, Munich 80336, Germany
| | - Yvonne Döring
- Institute
for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University
Munich, Munich 80331, Germany
- DZHK
(German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart
Alliance, Munich 80336, Germany
- Department
of Angiology, Swiss Cardiovascular Center, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern 3010, Switzerland
| | - Xinmei Xie
- School
of Pharmacy, Henan University, North Section of Jinming Avenue, Kaifeng 475004, Henan, China
| | - Xiaobin Pang
- School
of Pharmacy, Henan University, North Section of Jinming Avenue, Kaifeng 475004, Henan, China
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30
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Antiparasitic Effects of Selected Isoflavones on Flatworms. Helminthologia 2021; 58:1-16. [PMID: 33664614 PMCID: PMC7912234 DOI: 10.2478/helm-2021-0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Medicinal plants have been successfully used in the ethno medicine for a wide range of diseases since ancient times. The research on natural products has allowed the discovery of biologically relevant compounds inspired by plant secondary metabolites, what contributed to the development of many chemotherapeutic drugs. Flavonoids represent a group of therapeutically very effective plant secondary metabolites and selected molecules were shown to exert also antiparasitic activity. This work summarizes the recent knowledge generated within past three decades about potential parasitocidal activities of several flavonoids with different chemical structures, particularly on medically important flatworms such as Schistosoma spp., Fasciola spp., Echinococcus spp., Raillietina spp., and model cestode Mesocestoides vogae. Here we focus on curcumin, genistein, quercetin and silymarin complex of flavonolignans. All of them possess a whole spectrum of biological activities on eukaryotic cells which have multi-therapeutic effects in various diseases. In vitro they can induce profound alterations in the tegumental architecture and its functions as well as their activity can significantly modulate or damage worm´s metabolism directly by interaction with enzymes or signaling molecules in dose-dependent manner. Moreover, they seem to differentially regulate the RNA activity in numbers of worm´s genes. This review suggests that examined flavonoids and their derivates are promising molecules for antiparasitic drug research. Due to lack of toxicity, isoflavons could be used directly for therapy, or as adjuvant therapy for diseases caused by medically important cestodes and trematodes.
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31
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Gomes JVP, Oliveira LA, Francisquini JD, Anunciação PC, Stephani R, Oliveira LFC, Perrone ÍT, Carvalho AF, Della Lucia CM. Morphological characterization of whey protein concentrate admixture of microencapsulated curcumin by spray drying. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.15141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lívya Alves Oliveira
- Department of Nutrition and Health Universidade Federal de Viçosa Viçosa Minas Gerais Brazil
| | | | | | - Rodrigo Stephani
- Department of Chemistry Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora Juiz de Fora Minas Gerais Brazil
| | | | - Ítalo T. Perrone
- Faculty of Pharmacy Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora Juiz de Fora Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Antônio F. Carvalho
- Department of Food Engineering Universidade Federal de Viçosa Viçosa Minas Gerais Brazil
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32
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Bondy SC, Wu M, Prasad KN. Attenuation of acute and chronic inflammation using compounds derived from plants. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2021; 246:406-413. [PMID: 33023332 PMCID: PMC7885045 DOI: 10.1177/1535370220960690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The appearance of excessive inflammatory activity is associated with onset of many disease states. Such non-productive responses are often the basis of the mortality consequent to incurring numerous disorders. The current outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 caused by the virus "severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2" is a striking reflection of the inadequacy of current medical science to adequately address this issue. The usefulness of a range of materials of botanical origin in the attenuation of both chronic and acute inflammatory responses to various disease stressors is described. The properties of preparations of plant-based origin often parallel those of synthesized pharmacologics, but differ from them in some key respects. These differences can lead to more traditional preparations having distinct therapeutic advantages but also a number of specific shortcomings. The strengths and weaknesses of these materials are objectively contrasted with that of a more orthodox pharmacological approach. Each of these emphases in style has specific advantages and they should not be considered as competitors, but rather as accomplices in combating adverse states involving derangement of immune function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen C Bondy
- Center for Occupational and Environmental Health, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Meixia Wu
- Center for Occupational and Environmental Health, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
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Murgia D, Angellotti G, Conigliaro A, Carfi Pavia F, D’Agostino F, Contardi M, Mauceri R, Alessandro R, Campisi G, De Caro V. Development of a Multifunctional Bioerodible Nanocomposite Containing Metronidazole and Curcumin to Apply on L-PRF Clot to Promote Tissue Regeneration in Dentistry. Biomedicines 2020; 8:E425. [PMID: 33081183 PMCID: PMC7602740 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8100425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Teeth extractions are often followed by alveolar bone reabsorption, although an adequate level of bone is required for reliable rehabilitations by dental implants. Leukocyte and platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) has been widely applied in regenerative procedures and with antibiotic and antioxidant agents could play an essential role in hard and soft tissue healing. In this work, a nanocomposite (Sponge-C-MTR) consisting of a hyaluronate-based sponge loaded with metronidazole (MTR) and nanostructured lipid carriers containing curcumin (CUR-NLC) was designed to be wrapped in the L-PRF™ membrane in the post-extraction sockets and characterized. CUR-NLCs, obtained by homogenization followed by high-frequency sonication of the lipid mixture, showed loading capacity (5% w/w), drug recovery (95% w/w), spherical shape with an average particle size of 112.0 nm, and Zeta potential of -24 mV. Sponge-C-MTR was obtained by entrapping CUR-NLC in a hydrophilic matrix by a freeze-drying process, and physico-chemical and cytocompatibility properties were evaluated. Moreover, the aptitude of CUR and MTR to the penetrate and/or permeate both L-PRF™ and porcine buccal tissue was assessed, highlighting MTR penetration and CUR accumulation promoted by the system. The results positively support the action of nanocomposite in dental tissues regeneration when applied together with the L-PRF™.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Murgia
- Dipartimento di Discipline Chirurgiche, Oncologiche e Stomatologiche, Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (G.A.); (R.M.); (G.C.)
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90123 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Angellotti
- Dipartimento di Discipline Chirurgiche, Oncologiche e Stomatologiche, Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (G.A.); (R.M.); (G.C.)
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90123 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Alice Conigliaro
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina, Neuroscienze e Diagnostica avanzata Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (A.C.); (R.A.)
| | - Francesco Carfi Pavia
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria, Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Fabio D’Agostino
- Istituto per lo Studio degli Impatti Antropici e Sostenibilità dell’Ambiente Marino, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IAS—CNR), Campobello di Mazara, 91021 Trapani, Italy;
| | - Marco Contardi
- Smart Materials, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genova, Italy;
| | - Rodolfo Mauceri
- Dipartimento di Discipline Chirurgiche, Oncologiche e Stomatologiche, Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (G.A.); (R.M.); (G.C.)
| | - Riccardo Alessandro
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina, Neuroscienze e Diagnostica avanzata Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (A.C.); (R.A.)
| | - Giuseppina Campisi
- Dipartimento di Discipline Chirurgiche, Oncologiche e Stomatologiche, Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (G.A.); (R.M.); (G.C.)
| | - Viviana De Caro
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90123 Palermo, Italy;
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34
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Islam SU, Ahmed MB, Ahsan H, Islam M, Shehzad A, Sonn JK, Lee YS. An Update on the Role of Dietary Phytochemicals in Human Skin Cancer: New Insights into Molecular Mechanisms. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E916. [PMID: 32993035 PMCID: PMC7600476 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9100916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Human skin is continuously subjected to environmental stresses, as well as extrinsic and intrinsic noxious agents. Although skin adopts various molecular mechanisms to maintain homeostasis, excessive and repeated stresses can overwhelm these systems, leading to serious cutaneous damage, including both melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. Phytochemicals present in the diet possess the desirable effects of protecting the skin from damaging free radicals as well as other benefits. Dietary phytochemicals appear to be effective in preventing skin cancer and are inexpensive, widely available, and well tolerated. Multiple in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated the significant anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-angiogenic characteristics of dietary phytochemicals against skin malignancy. Moreover, dietary phytochemicals affect multiple important cellular processes including cell cycle, angiogenesis, and metastasis to control skin cancer progression. Herein, we discuss the advantages of key dietary phytochemicals in whole fruits and vegetables, their bioavailability, and underlying molecular mechanisms for preventing skin cancer. Current challenges and future prospects for research are also reviewed. To date, most of the chemoprevention investigations have been conducted preclinically, and additional clinical trials are required to conform and validate the preclinical results in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salman Ul Islam
- School of Life Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (S.U.I.); (M.B.A.); (H.A.); (J.K.S.)
| | - Muhammad Bilal Ahmed
- School of Life Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (S.U.I.); (M.B.A.); (H.A.); (J.K.S.)
| | - Haseeb Ahsan
- School of Life Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (S.U.I.); (M.B.A.); (H.A.); (J.K.S.)
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
| | - Mazharul Islam
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Dhofar University, Salalah 2509, Oman;
| | - Adeeb Shehzad
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Jong Kyung Sonn
- School of Life Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (S.U.I.); (M.B.A.); (H.A.); (J.K.S.)
| | - Young Sup Lee
- School of Life Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (S.U.I.); (M.B.A.); (H.A.); (J.K.S.)
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Teng CF, Wu HC, Su IJ, Jeng LB. Hepatitis B Virus Pre-S Mutants as Biomarkers and Targets for the Development and Recurrence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Viruses 2020; 12:v12090945. [PMID: 32859114 PMCID: PMC7552003 DOI: 10.3390/v12090945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major risk factor for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Despite progress in the prevention and therapy of HCC, high incidence and recurrence rates of HCC remain big threats, resulting in poor patient survival. Effective biomarkers and targets of HCC are therefore urgently needed for better management and to improve patient outcomes. Pre-S mutants have been well demonstrated as HBV oncoproteins that play important roles in HCC development through activation of multiple oncogenic signal pathways in hepatocytes, in vitro and in vivo. The presence of pre-S mutants in patients with chronic HBV infection and HBV-related HCC has been associated with a significantly higher risk of HCC development and recurrence after curative surgical resection, respectively. In this review, we summarize the roles of pre-S mutants as biomarkers for predicting HBV-related HCC development and recurrence, and highlight the pre-S mutants-activated oncogenic signal pathways as potential targets for preventing HBV-related HCC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiao-Fang Teng
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, No.91, Hsueh-Shih Rd., Northern Dist., Taichung City 404, Taiwan
- Organ Transplantation Center, China Medical University Hospital, No.2, Yude Rd., North Dist., Taichung City 404, Taiwan
- Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung City 404, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-F.T.); (I.-J.S.); (L.-B.J.); Tel.: +886-4-2205-2121 (C.-F.T. & L.-B.J.); +886-6-253-3131 (I.-J.S.); Fax: +886-4-2202-9083 (C.-F.T. & L.-B.J.); +886-6-242-5747 (I.-J.S.)
| | - Han-Chieh Wu
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 350, Taiwan;
| | - Ih-Jen Su
- Department of Biotechnology, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, No.1, Nantai St., Yongkang Dist., Tainan City 710, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-F.T.); (I.-J.S.); (L.-B.J.); Tel.: +886-4-2205-2121 (C.-F.T. & L.-B.J.); +886-6-253-3131 (I.-J.S.); Fax: +886-4-2202-9083 (C.-F.T. & L.-B.J.); +886-6-242-5747 (I.-J.S.)
| | - Long-Bin Jeng
- Organ Transplantation Center, China Medical University Hospital, No.2, Yude Rd., North Dist., Taichung City 404, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-F.T.); (I.-J.S.); (L.-B.J.); Tel.: +886-4-2205-2121 (C.-F.T. & L.-B.J.); +886-6-253-3131 (I.-J.S.); Fax: +886-4-2202-9083 (C.-F.T. & L.-B.J.); +886-6-242-5747 (I.-J.S.)
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Shehzad A, Ravinayagam V, AlRumaih H, Aljafary M, Almohazey D, Almofty S, Al-Rashid NA, Al-Suhaimi EA. Application of Three-dimensional (3D) Tumor Cell Culture Systems and Mechanism of Drug Resistance. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 25:3599-3607. [PMID: 31612821 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666191014163923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The in-vitro experimental model for the development of cancer therapeutics has always been challenging. Recently, the scientific revolution has improved cell culturing techniques by applying three dimensional (3D) culture system, which provides a similar physiologically relevant in-vivo model for studying various diseases including cancer. In particular, cancer cells exhibiting in-vivo behavior in a model of 3D cell culture is a more accurate cell culture model to test the effectiveness of anticancer drugs or characterization of cancer cells in comparison with two dimensional (2D) monolayer. This study underpins various factors that cause resistance to anticancer drugs in forms of spheroids in 3D in-vitro cell culture and also outlines key challenges and possible solutions for the future development of these systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeeb Shehzad
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vijaya Ravinayagam
- Scientific Research & Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamad AlRumaih
- College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Meneerah Aljafary
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dana Almohazey
- Stem Cell Research Department, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah Almofty
- Stem Cell Research Department, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noor A Al-Rashid
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ebtesam A Al-Suhaimi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.,Stem Cell Research Department, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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Ikeda Y, Murakami M, Nakagawa Y, Tsuji A, Kitagishi Y, Matsuda S. Diet induces hepatocyte protection in fatty liver disease via modulation of PTEN signaling. Biomed Rep 2020; 12:295-302. [PMID: 32382414 PMCID: PMC7201141 DOI: 10.3892/br.2020.1299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Fatty liver disease (FLD) is characterized by accumulation of excess fat in the liver. The underlying molecular mechanism associated with the progression of the disease has been in elusive. Hepatocellular demise due to increased oxidative stress resulting in an inflammatory response may be a key feature in FLD. Recent advances in molecular biology have led to an improved understanding of the molecular pathogenesis, suggesting a critical association between the PI3K/AKT/PTEN signaling pathway and FLD. In particular, PTEN has been associated with regulating the pathogenesis of hepatocyte degeneration. Given the function of mitochondria in reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and the initiation of oxidative stress, the mitochondrial antioxidant network is of interest. It is vital to balance the activity of intracellular key molecules to maintain a healthy liver. Consequently, onset of FLD may be delayed using dietary protective agents that alter PTEN signaling and reduce ROS levels. The advancement of research on dietary regulation with a focus on modulatory roles in ROS generation and PTEN associated signaling is summarized in the current study, supporting further preventive and therapeutic exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Ikeda
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Nara Women's University, Nara 630-8506, Japan
| | - Mutsumi Murakami
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Nara Women's University, Nara 630-8506, Japan
| | - Yukie Nakagawa
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Nara Women's University, Nara 630-8506, Japan
| | - Ai Tsuji
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Nara Women's University, Nara 630-8506, Japan
| | - Yasuko Kitagishi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Nara Women's University, Nara 630-8506, Japan
| | - Satoru Matsuda
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Nara Women's University, Nara 630-8506, Japan
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Ahmad R, Khan MA, Srivastava A, Gupta A, Srivastava A, Jafri TR, Siddiqui Z, Chaubey S, Khan T, Srivastava AK. Anticancer Potential of Dietary Natural Products: A Comprehensive Review. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2020; 20:122-236. [DOI: 10.2174/1871520619666191015103712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nature is a rich source of natural drug-like compounds with minimal side effects. Phytochemicals
better known as “Natural Products” are found abundantly in a number of plants. Since time immemorial, spices
have been widely used in Indian cuisine as flavoring and coloring agents. Most of these spices and condiments
are derived from various biodiversity hotspots in India (which contribute 75% of global spice production) and
form the crux of India’s multidiverse and multicultural cuisine. Apart from their aroma, flavor and taste, these
spices and condiments are known to possess several medicinal properties also. Most of these spices are mentioned
in the Ayurveda, the indigenous system of medicine. The antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiproliferative,
antihypertensive and antidiabetic properties of several of these natural products are well documented in
Ayurveda. These phytoconstituemts are known to act as functional immunoboosters, immunomodulators as well
as anti-inflammatory agents. As anticancer agents, their mechanistic action involves cancer cell death via induction
of apoptosis, necrosis and autophagy. The present review provides a comprehensive and collective update
on the potential of 66 commonly used spices as well as their bioactive constituents as anticancer agents. The
review also provides an in-depth update of all major in vitro, in vivo, clinical and pharmacological studies done
on these spices with special emphasis on the potential of these spices and their bioactive constituents as potential
functional foods for prevention, treatment and management of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rumana Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, Era’s Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow-226003, UP, India
| | - Mohsin A. Khan
- Chancellor, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Hardoi Road, Lucknow-226003, UP, India
| | - A.N. Srivastava
- Department of Pathology, Era’s Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow-226003, UP, India
| | - Anamika Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, Era’s Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow-226003, UP, India
| | - Aditi Srivastava
- Department of Biochemistry, Era’s Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow-226003, UP, India
| | - Tanvir R. Jafri
- Department of Biochemistry, Era’s Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow-226003, UP, India
| | - Zainab Siddiqui
- Department of Pathology, Era’s Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow-226003, UP, India
| | - Sunaina Chaubey
- Department of Biochemistry, Era’s Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow-226003, UP, India
| | - Tahmeena Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Integral University, Dasauli, P.O. Bas-ha, Kursi Road, Lucknow 226026, UP, India
| | - Arvind K. Srivastava
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow-226003, UP, India
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Gong J, Sun D. Study on the mechanism of curcumin to reduce the inflammatory response of temporal lobe in Alzheimer's disease by regulating miR-146a. Minerva Med 2020; 113:109-118. [PMID: 32207596 DOI: 10.23736/s0026-4806.20.06463-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To explore the potential mechanism of curcumin in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and clarify the role of miR-146a in the neuroinflammatory response to Alzheimer's disease. METHODS Clinical case study: 20 AD patients and 20 age-gender matched non-inflammatory and non-dementia patients in the department of neurology of our hospital were included, peripheral venous blood and cerebrospinal fluid were collected, and mir-146a levels in peripheral blood and cerebrospinal fluid were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. Animal experimental study group: There were 3 groups, including APP/PS1 mice control group, APP/PS1 mice low-dose curcumin treatment group, and C57BL/6J mice wild-type (WT) control group, with 10 mice in each group. mir-146a levels in mice brain tissue were detected by quantitative real-time PCR. Aβ, APP, complement factor H (CFH) and M1 microglia labeled IL-1 β and iNOS in temporal lobe tissues of mice were detected by using Westernblot method. RESULTS The plasma miRNA-146a level in AD group was 39.10 ±12.97 fmol/L, and that in control group was 60.54 ±13.16 fmol/L. The plasma miRNA-146a level in AD group was significantly lower than that in control group. The level of miRNA-146a in cerebrospinal fluid of AD group (25.16 ± 5.16 fmol/L) was significantly higher than that of control group (11.35 ±3.58 fmol/L). After treatment with low dose curcumin, the level of miRNA-146a in APP/PS1 mice decreased significantly, and the expression of A β and APP/PS1 in temporal lobe of mice detected by Western blot decreased significantly, the levels of IL-1 β and iNOS protein decreased significantly, and the protein of CFH increased signifanctly. CONCLUSIONS miRNA-146a can be used as one of the potential biomarkers of AD. Low dose curcumin can significantly reduce the level of neuropro-inflammatory miR-146A, up-regulate the expression of CFH protein, inhibit the phenotype of M1 microglia, and play a role in the treatment of AD by promoting the phagocytosis and clearance mechanism of A β.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingfeng Gong
- Department of Neurology (I), The Fourth Hospital of Daqing, Daqing, P.R. China -
| | - Derong Sun
- General Department, North Banch of The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P.R. China
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Taebi R, Mirzaiey MR, Mahmoodi M, Khoshdel A, Fahmidehkar MA, Mohammad-Sadeghipour M, Hajizadeh MR. The effect of Curcuma longa extract and its active component (curcumin) on gene expression profiles of lipid metabolism pathway in liver cancer cell line (HepG2). GENE REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2019.100581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Ramakrishnan P, Loh WM, Gopinath SC, Bonam SR, Fareez IM, Mac Guad R, Sim MS, Wu YS. Selective phytochemicals targeting pancreatic stellate cells as new anti-fibrotic agents for chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer. Acta Pharm Sin B 2020; 10:399-413. [PMID: 32140388 PMCID: PMC7049637 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2019.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Activated pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) have been widely accepted as a key precursor of excessive pancreatic fibrosis, which is a crucial hallmark of chronic pancreatitis (CP) and its formidable associated disease, pancreatic cancer (PC). Hence, anti-fibrotic therapy has been identified as a novel therapeutic strategy for treating CP and PC by targeting PSCs. Most of the anti-fibrotic agents have been limited to phase I/II clinical trials involving vitamin analogs, which are abundant in medicinal plants and have proved to be promising for clinical application. The use of phytomedicines, as new anti-fibrotic agents, has been applied to a variety of complementary and alternative approaches. The aim of this review was to present a focused update on the selective new potential anti-fibrotic agents, including curcumin, resveratrol, rhein, emodin, green tea catechin derivatives, metformin, eruberin A, and ellagic acid, in combating PSC in CP and PC models. It aimed to describe the mechanism(s) of the phytochemicals used, either alone or in combination, and the associated molecular targets. Most of them were tested in PC models with similar mechanism of actions, and curcumin was tested intensively. Future research may explore the issues of bioavailability, drug design, and nano-formulation, in order to achieve successful clinical outcomes with promising activity and tolerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puvanesswaray Ramakrishnan
- Ageing and Age-Associated Disorders Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Wei Mee Loh
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Subash C.B. Gopinath
- School of Bioprocess Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Malaysia
- Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Kangar 01000, Malaysia
| | - Srinivasa Reddy Bonam
- UMR 7242, CNRS-University of Strasbourg, Biotechnology and Cell Signaling/Laboratory of Excellence Medalis, Illkirch 67400, France
| | - Ismail M. Fareez
- Department of Oral Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, MAHSA University, Selangor 42610, Malaysia
| | - Rhanye Mac Guad
- Department of Biomedical Science and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Malaysia
| | - Maw Shin Sim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
- Corresponding authors. Tel./fax: +60 3 51022709 (Yuan Seng Wu); +60 3 79675749 (Maw Shin Sim).
| | - Yuan Seng Wu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing, MAHSA University, Selangor 42610, Malaysia
- Corresponding authors. Tel./fax: +60 3 51022709 (Yuan Seng Wu); +60 3 79675749 (Maw Shin Sim).
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Dogaru G, Bulboaca AE, Gheban D, Boarescu PM, Rus V, Festila D, Sitar-Taut AV, Stanescu I. Effect of Liposomal Curcumin on Acetaminophen Hepatotoxicity by Down-regulation of Oxidative Stress and Matrix Metalloproteinases. In Vivo 2020; 34:569-582. [PMID: 32111755 PMCID: PMC7157894 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM The hepatoprotective role of various molecules in drug-induced hepatotoxicity arouses great interest. We investigated the effect of liposomal curcumin (LCC) on experimental acetaminophen (APAP)-induced hepatotoxicity. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rats were randomly allocated into 5 groups, and the effect of two LCC concentrations was studied: group 1 - 1 ml intraperitoneal (i.p.) saline, group 2 - APAP pretreatment, group 3 - APAP+silymarin (extract of the silybum marianum with anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-fibrotic properties), group 4 - APAP+LCC1, group 5 - APAP+LCC2. The biomarkers of oxidative stress (nitric oxide and malondialdehyde) and antioxidant status of plasma (thiols and catalase), TNF-α, MMP-2 and MMP-9 serum levels were evaluated. RESULTS An improvement in oxidative stress, antioxidant status, and TNF-α, MMP-2 and MMP-9 levels was obtained in groups pretreated with LCC compared to silymarin treatment, in a dose-dependent manner. Histopathological examination reinforced the results. CONCLUSION Liposomal curcumin improves the oxidative stress/antioxidant balance and alleviates inflammation in experimental APAP-induced hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Dogaru
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Adriana Elena Bulboaca
- Department of Pathophysiology, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Dan Gheban
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Paul Mihai Boarescu
- Department of Pathophysiology, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Vasile Rus
- Department of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Dana Festila
- Department of Orthodontics, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Adela-Viviana Sitar-Taut
- Department of Internal Medicine, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ioana Stanescu
- Department of Neurology, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Shehzad A, Rehmat S, Ul-Islam S, Ahmad R, Aljafary M, Alrushaid NA, Al-Suhaimi EA. Lirioresinol B dimethyl ether inhibits NF-κB and COX-2 and activates IκBα expression in CCl 4-induced hepatic fibrosis. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:49. [PMID: 32046692 PMCID: PMC7076869 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-2839-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Inflammation is one of the key components in the initiation and progression of hepatic diseases. If not treated, inflammation may cause cell dysplasia, and ultimately cancer. In the current study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities of plant isolated compound Lirioresinol B Dimethyl Ether (LBDE) extracted from the seeds of Magnolia fargesii CHENG (Magnoliaceae) against HepG2 cells as well as in BALB/C male mice. Methods We assessed the antioxidant and anti-proliferative effects of plant compounds using DPPH assay and HepG2 cell lines. Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) and Diethylnitrosamine (DEN) were used to induce liver cell dysplasia followed by hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in BALB/C male mice for 12 weeks. We investigated the underlying mechanism by using histopathology and immunoblot experiments. Results Intraperitoneal injection of LBDE (50 mg/kg body weight/day) inhibited CCl4-induced HCC. Free radical scavenging assay shows the strong anti-oxidant activity of LBDE. Western blot results show that LBDE down-regulated nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) and cyclooxygenase (COX-2) by preventing the phosphorylation of I kappa B alpha (IκBα) in CCl4 treated group. LBDE also improved liver function by decreasing Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) levels. Histopathology results revealed that LBDE decreased granulomas and express normal morphology of hepatocytes. Conclusions These preliminary results show that LBDE has the potential to inhibit CCl4-induced liver cell dysplasia and prevents cancer development by regulating NFκB/COX-2 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeeb Shehzad
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shagufta Rehmat
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering (SMME), National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Salman Ul-Islam
- School of Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Rizwan Ahmad
- Natural Products and Alternative Medicines, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Meneerah Aljafary
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noor A Alrushaid
- Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ebtesam A Al-Suhaimi
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia. .,Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
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Cortez MV, Perovic NR, Soria EA, Defagó MD. Effect of heat and microwave treatments on phenolic compounds and fatty acids of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) and saffron (Crocus sativus L.). BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF FOOD TECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/1981-6723.20519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Abstract Turmeric and saffron are spices with fatty acids and phenolic compounds that exert several human health benefits. Nonetheless, their bioavailability may be reduced by cooking that involves high temperatures. Thus, our aim was to evaluate the effects of domestic heat treatments with respect to untreated controls on these molecules assessed by spectrophotometry and gas chromatography: microwaving, boiling under pressure and boiling without it (compared by ANOVA, p < 0.05). All treatments reduced phenolic compounds in saffron, whereas only microwaving decreased them in turmeric. Turmeric curcumin was reduced by microwaving and boiling under pressure. Turmeric and saffron showed a different fatty acid profile, which was differentially affected depending on the treatment. In conclusion, although the functional and nutritional quality of these spices can be affected, turmeric is more resistant to heat than saffron and shows a better lipid profile with high unsaturated fatty acids even after treated. Also, boiling preserved potential health-promoting phenolic compounds and some unsaturated fatty acids. Although a risk of bioactive compound loss exists, the correct cooking method can reduced it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariela Valentina Cortez
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Argentina
| | | | - Elio Andrés Soria
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Argentina; Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María Daniela Defagó
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Argentina
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Ryan Wolf J, Gewandter JS, Bautista J, Heckler CE, Strasser J, Dyk P, Anderson T, Gross H, Speer T, Dolohanty L, Bylund K, Pentland AP, Morrow GR. Utility of topical agents for radiation dermatitis and pain: a randomized clinical trial. Support Care Cancer 2019; 28:3303-3311. [PMID: 31758326 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-019-05166-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although topical agents are often provided during radiation therapy, there is limited consensus and evidence for their use prophylactically to prevent or reduce radiation dermatitis. METHODS This was a multi-site, randomized, placebo-controlled, blinded study of 191 breast cancer patients to compare the prophylactic effectiveness of three topical agents (Curcumin, HPR Plus™, and Placebo) for reducing radiation dermatitis and associated pain. Patients applied the topical agent to their skin in the radiation area site three times daily starting the first day of radiation therapy (RT) until 1 week after RT completion. RESULTS Of the 191 randomized patients, 171 patients were included in the final analyses (87.5% white females, mean age = 58 (range = 36-88)). Mean radiation dermatitis severity (RDS) scores did not significantly differ between study arms (Curcumin = 2.68 [2.49, 2.86]; HPR Plus™ = 2.64 [2.45, 2.82]; Placebo = 2.63 [2.44, 2.83]; p = 0.929). Logistic regression analyses showed that increased breast field separation positively correlated with increased radiation dermatitis severity (p = 0.018). In patients with high breast field separation (≥ 25 cm), RDS scores (Curcumin = 2.70 [2.21, 3.19]; HPR Plus™ = 3.57 [3.16, 4.00]; Placebo = 2.95 [2.60, 3.30]; p = 0.024) and pain scores (Curcumin = 0.52 [- 0.28, 1.33]; HPR Plus™ = 0.55 [- 0.19, 1.30]; Placebo = 1.73 [0.97, 2.50]; p = 0.046) significantly differed at the end of RT. CONCLUSIONS Although there were no significant effects of the treatment groups on the overall population, our exploratory subgroup analysis suggests that prophylactic treatment with topical curcumin may be effective for minimizing skin reactions and pain for patients with high breast separation (≥ 25 cm) who may have the worst skin reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Ryan Wolf
- Department of Dermatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave, Box 697, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
| | - Jennifer S Gewandter
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Javier Bautista
- URCC NCORP Research Base, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Charles E Heckler
- URCC NCORP Research Base, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | | | - Pawal Dyk
- Heartland Cancer Research NCORP, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Howard Gross
- Dayton Clinical Oncology Program, Dayton, OH, USA
| | - Tod Speer
- Metro-Minnesota NCORP, St. Louis Park, MN, USA
| | - Lindsey Dolohanty
- Department of Dermatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave, Box 697, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Kevin Bylund
- Department Radiation Oncology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Alice P Pentland
- Department of Dermatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave, Box 697, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Gary R Morrow
- URCC NCORP Research Base, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
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Curcumin ameliorates peritoneal fibrosis via inhibition of transforming growth factor-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) pathway in a rat model of peritoneal dialysis. Altern Ther Health Med 2019; 19:280. [PMID: 31647008 PMCID: PMC6813077 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-019-2702-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Background Peritoneal fibrosis (PF) remains a serious complication of long-term peritoneal dialysis (PD). The goal of this study was to investigate the anti-fibrotic effects of curcumin on the PF response to PD and its’ mechanism. Methods Male Sprague–Dawley rats were infused with 20 mL of 4.25% glucose-based standard PD fluid for 8 consecutive weeks to establish PF model and then divided into five groups: Control, received sham operation and 0.9% physiological saline; PD, received 4.25% standard PD fluid; Curcumin, PD rats injected intraperitoeally with curcumin for 8 weeks at doses of 10, 20 or 40 mg/kg. Masson’s staining was performed to evaluate the extent of PF. Peritoneal Equilibration Test (PET) was conducted to assess ultrafiltration volume (UFV) and mass transfer of glucose (MTG), quantitative RT-PCR, and immunohistochemistry or western blotting were performed to measure the expression levels of inflammation and fibrosis-associated factors. We also detected the TGF-β1 in peritoneal fluid by ELISA. Results Compared with the control group, the PD rats showed decreased UFV (2.54 ± 0.48 to 9.87 ± 0.78 mL, p < 0.05] and increased MTG (18.99 ± 0.86 to 10.85 ± 0.65 mmol/kg, p < 0.05) as well as obvious fibroproliferative response, with markedly increased peritoneal thickness (178.33 ± 4.42 to 25.26 ± 0.32um, p < 0.05) and higher expression of a-SMA, collagen I and TGF-β1. Treatment with curcumin significantly increased UFV, reduced MTG and peritoneal thickness of PD rats. The elevated TGF-β1 in peritoneal fluid of PD rats was significantly decreased by curcumin. It attenuated the increase in protein and mRNA of TGF-β1, α-SMA and collagen I in peritoneum of PD rats. The mRNA expressions of TAK1, JNK and p38, as well as the protein expressions of p-TAK1, p-JNK and p-p38 in peritoneum of PD rats were reduced by curcumin. Conclusions Present results demonstrate that curcumin showed a protective effect on PD-related PF and suggest an implication of TAK1, p38 and JNK pathway in mediating the benefical effects of curcumin.
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Obaidi I, Higgins M, Bahar B, Davis JL, McMorrow T. Identification of the Multifaceted Chemopreventive Activity of Curcumin Against the Carcinogenic Potential of the Food Additive, KBrO3. Curr Pharm Des 2019; 24:595-614. [PMID: 29278208 PMCID: PMC6204662 DOI: 10.2174/1381612824666171226143201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Background: Potassium bromate (KBrO3), a food additive, has been used in many bakery products as an oxidizing agent. It has been shown to induce renal cancer in many in-vitro and in-vivo experimental models Objectives: This study evaluated the carcinogenic potential of potassium bromate (KBrO3) and the chemopreventive mechanisms of the anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory phytochemical, curcumin against KBrO3-induced carcinogenicity. Method: Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) cytotoxicity assay and morphological characteristics were used to assess curcumin's cytoprotective potential against KBrO3 toxicity. To assess the chemopreventive potential of curcumin against KBrO3-induced oxidative insult, intracellular H2O2 and the nuclear concen-tration of the DNA adduct 8-OHdG were measured. PCR array, qRT-PCR, and western blot analysis were used to identify dysregulated genes by KBrO3 exposure. Furthermore, immunofluorescence was used to evaluate the ciliary loss and the disturbance of cellular tight junction induced by KBrO3. Results: Oxidative stress assays showed that KBrO3 increased the levels of intracellular H2O2 and the DNA adduct 8-OHdG. Combination of curcumin with KBrO3 efficiently reduced the level of H2O2 and 8-OHdG while up-regulating the expression of catalase. PCR array, qRT-PCR, and western blot analysis revealed that KBrO3 dysregulated multiple genes involved in inflammation, proliferation, and apoptosis, namely CTGF, IL-1, and TRAF3. Moreover, qRT-PCR and immunofluorescence studies showed that KBrO3 negatively affected the tight junctional protein (ZO-1) and induced a degeneration of primary ciliary proteins. The negative impact of KBrO3 on cilia was markedly repressed by curcumin. Conclusion: Curcumin could potentially be used as a protective agent against carcinogenicity of KBrO3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismael Obaidi
- UCD Centre for Toxicology, School of Biomedical and Biomolecular Sciences, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,School of Pharmacy, University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq
| | - Michael Higgins
- UCD Centre for Toxicology, School of Biomedical and Biomolecular Sciences, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Bojlul Bahar
- International Institute of Nutritional Sciences and Applied Food Safety Studies, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, PR1 2HE, United Kingdom
| | - Jessica L Davis
- UCD Centre for Toxicology, School of Biomedical and Biomolecular Sciences, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Tara McMorrow
- UCD Centre for Toxicology, School of Biomedical and Biomolecular Sciences, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Selim NM, Elgazar AA, Abdel-Hamid NM, El-Magd MRA, Yasri A, Hefnawy HME, Sobeh M. Chrysophanol, Physcion, Hesperidin and Curcumin Modulate the Gene Expression of Pro-Inflammatory Mediators Induced by LPS in HepG2: In Silico and Molecular Studies. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8090371. [PMID: 31484451 PMCID: PMC6770650 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8090371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis is an inflammatory condition that can develop hepatocellular carcinoma. Traditional medicine has always been the pillar of medical practice. However, it became less compatible with the current understanding of the diseases and the possible treatment. Therefore, in silico tools could be utilized for building the bridge between the legacy of the past and the current medical approaches allowing access to new therapeutic discoveries. In this work, a Chinese traditional medicine database was screened using structure-based virtual screening to identify molecules that could inhibit p38 alpha mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). Out of the identified compounds, four selected compounds: chrysophanol, physcion, curcumin and hesperidin were isolated from their respective sources and their structures were confirmed by spectroscopic methods. These compounds decreased the gene expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced inflammation in a hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (HepG2) in a dose-dependent manner. The molecular docking study revealed the specificity of these compounds towards p38 MAPK rather than other MAPKs. In conclusion, the molecular and in silico studies suggest that the isolated compounds could be a potential treatment for hepatitis by resolving inflammation controlled by MAPKs, thus limiting the development of further complications and lower side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabil Mohamed Selim
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, Egypt
| | | | - Nabil Mohie Abdel-Hamid
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Rizk Abu El-Magd
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Aziz Yasri
- AgroBioSciences Research Division, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Lot 660-Hay MoulayRachid, Ben-Guerir 43150, Morocco
| | | | - Mansour Sobeh
- AgroBioSciences Research Division, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Lot 660-Hay MoulayRachid, Ben-Guerir 43150, Morocco.
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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An Ancient Chinese Herbal Decoction Containing Angelicae Sinensis Radix, Astragali Radix, Jujuba Fructus, and Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens Stimulates the Browning Conversion of White Adipocyte in Cultured 3T3-L1 Cells. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:3648685. [PMID: 31316571 PMCID: PMC6601477 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3648685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Abnormal storage of white adipocyte tissue (WAT) is the major factor causing obesity. The promising strategies for obesity treatment are building up the brown adipocyte tissue (BAT) and/or expedite fatty acid catabolism. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) sheds light on preventing obesity. Ginger is one of the most effective herbs for antiobesity by accelerating browning WAT. To fortify the antiobesity effect of ginger, an ancient Chinese herbal decoction composed of four herbs, Angelicae Sinensis Radix (ASR), Astragali Radix (AR), Jujuba Fructus (JF), and Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (ZRR; ginger), was tested here: this herbal formula was written in AD 1155, named as Danggui Buxue Tang (DBT1155). Therefore, the antiobesity function of this ancient herbal decoction was revealed in vitro by cultured 3T3-L1 cells. Materials and Method The lipid accumulation was detected by Oil Red O staining. Furthermore, the underlying working mechanisms of antiobesity functions of DBT1155 were confirmed in 3T3-L1 cells by confocal microscopy, western blot, and RT-PCR. Results DBT1155 was able to actuate brown fat-specific gene activations, which included (i) expression of PPARγ, UCP1, and PCG1α and (ii) fatty acid oxidation genes, i.e., CPT1A and HSL. The increase of browning WAT, triggered by DBT1155, was possibly mediated by a Ca2+-AMPK signaling pathway, because the application of Ca2+ chelator, BAMPTA-AM, reversed the effect. Conclusion These findings suggested that the herbal mixture DBT1155 could potentiate the antiobesity functions of ginger, which might have potential therapeutic implications.
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Chemopreventive Effect of Phytosomal Curcumin on Hepatitis B Virus-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma in A Transgenic Mouse Model. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10338. [PMID: 31316146 PMCID: PMC6637187 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46891-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major risk factor for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Hepatitis B X protein (HBx) and pre-S2 mutant have been proposed as the two most important HBV oncoproteins that play key roles in HCC pathogenesis. Curcumin is a botanical constituent displaying potent anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties without toxic side effects. Phytosomal formulation of curcumin has been shown to exhibit enhanced bioavailability, improved pharmacokinetics, and excellent efficacy against many human diseases. However, effectiveness of phytosomal curcumin for HCC treatment remains to be clarified. In this study, we evaluated chemopreventive effect of phytosomal curcumin on HBV-related HCC by using a transgenic mouse model specifically expressing both HBx and pre-S2 mutant in liver. Compared with unformulated curcumin, phytosomal curcumin exhibited significantly greater effects on suppression of HCC formation, improvement of liver histopathology, decrease of lipid accumulation and leukocyte infiltration, and reduction of total tumor volume in transgenic mice. Moreover, phytosomal curcumin exerted considerably stronger effects on activation of anti-inflammatory PPARγ as well as inhibition of pro-inflammatory NF-κB than unformulated curcumin. Furthermore, phytosomal curcumin showed a comparable effect on suppression of oncogenic mTOR activation to unformulated curcumin. Our data demonstrated that phytosomal curcumin has promise for HCC chemoprevention in patients with chronic HBV infection.
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