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Feng J, Huang Y, Huang M, Li X, Amoah K, Huang Y, Jian J. The immune function of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in response to bacterial infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 151:109703. [PMID: 38878912 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), an inducible rate-limiting metabolic enzyme, exerts critical immunomodulatory functions by potential anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic activities. Although accumulative studies have focused on the immune functions of HO-1 in mammals, the roles in fish are poorly understood, and the reports on involvement in the defensive and immune response are very limited. In this study, On-HO-1 gene from Oreochromis niloticus was successfully cloned and identified, which contained an open reading frame (ORF) of 816 bp and coded for a protein of 271 amino acids. The On-HO-1 protein phylogenetically shared a high homology with HO-1 in other teleost fish (76.10%-98.89 %) and a lowly homology with HO-1 in mammals (38.98%-41.55 %). The expression levels of On-HO-1 were highest in the liver of healthy tilapias and sharply induced by Streptococcus agalactiae or Aeromonas hydrophila. Besides, On-HO-1 overexpression significantly increased non-specific immunological parameters in serum during bacterial infection, including LZM, SOD, CAT, ACP, and AKP. It also exerted anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects in response to the immune response of the infection with S. agalactiae or A. hydrophila by upregulating anti-inflammatory factors (IL-10, TGF-β), autophagy factors (ATG6, ATG8) and immune-related pathway factors (P65, P38), and down-regulating pro-inflammatory factors (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α), apoptotic factors (Caspase3, Caspase9), pyroptosis factor (Caspase1), and inflammasome (NLRP3). These results suggested that On-HO-1 involved in immunomodulatory functions and host defense in Nile tilapia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiamin Feng
- Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture & Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Yongxiong Huang
- Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture & Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Meiling Huang
- Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture & Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Xing Li
- Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture & Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Kwaku Amoah
- Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture & Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Yu Huang
- Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture & Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Jichang Jian
- Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture & Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, China.
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Wang T, Li S, Hu X, Geng Y, Chen L, Liu W, Zhao J, Tian W, Wang C, Li Y, Li L. Heme oxygenase-1 is an equid alphaherpesvirus 8 replication restriction host protein and suppresses viral replication via the PKCβ/ERK1/ERK2 and NO/cGMP/PKG pathway. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0322023. [PMID: 38441979 PMCID: PMC10986571 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03220-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Equid alphaherpesvirus 8 (EqHV-8) is one of the most economically important viruses that is known to cause severe respiratory disease, abortion, and neurological syndromes in equines. However, no effective vaccines or therapeutic agents are available to control EqHV-8 infection. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is an antioxidant defense enzyme that displays significant cytoprotective effects against different viral infections. However, the literature on the function of HO-1 during EqHV-8 infection is little. We explored the effects of HO-1 on EqHV-8 infection and revealed its potential mechanisms. Our results demonstrated that HO-1 induced by cobalt-protoporphyrin (CoPP) or HO-1 overexpression inhibited EqHV-8 replication in susceptible cells. In contrast, HO-1 inhibitor (zinc protoporphyria) or siRNA targeting HO-1 reversed the anti-EqHV-8 activity. Furthermore, biliverdin, a metabolic product of HO-1, mediated the anti-EqHV-8 effect of HO-1 via both the protein kinase C (PKC)β/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/ERK2 and nitric oxide (NO)-dependent cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-protein kinase G (PKG) signaling pathways. In addition, CoPP protected the mice by reducing the EqHV-8 infection in the lungs. Altogether, these results indicated that HO-1 can be developed as a promising therapeutic strategy to control EqHV-8 infection.IMPORTANCEEqHV-8 infections have threatened continuously donkey and horse industry worldwide, which induces huge economic losses every year. However, no effective vaccination strategies or drug against EqHV-8 infection until now. Our present study found that one host protien HO-1 restrict EqHV-8 replication in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we demonstrate that HO-1 and its metabolite biliverdin suppress EqHV-8 relication via the PKCβ/ERK1/ERK2 and NO/cGMP/PKG pathways. Hence, we believe that HO-1 can be developed as a promising therapeutic strategy to control EqHV-8 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongtong Wang
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Shuwen Li
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
| | - Xinyao Hu
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Yiqing Geng
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
| | - Li Chen
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Wenqiang Liu
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Juan Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
| | - Wenxia Tian
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
| | - Changfa Wang
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Yubao Li
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Liangliang Li
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
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Li F, Yu H, Qi A, Zhang T, Huo Y, Tu Q, Qi C, Wu H, Wang X, Zhou J, Hu L, Ouyang H, Pang D, Xie Z. Regulatory Non-Coding RNAs during Porcine Viral Infections: Potential Targets for Antiviral Therapy. Viruses 2024; 16:118. [PMID: 38257818 PMCID: PMC10818342 DOI: 10.3390/v16010118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Pigs play important roles in agriculture and bio-medicine; however, porcine viral infections have caused huge losses to the pig industry and severely affected the animal welfare and social public safety. During viral infections, many non-coding RNAs are induced or repressed by viruses and regulate viral infection. Many viruses have, therefore, developed a number of mechanisms that use ncRNAs to evade the host immune system. Understanding how ncRNAs regulate host immunity during porcine viral infections is critical for the development of antiviral therapies. In this review, we provide a summary of the classification, production and function of ncRNAs involved in regulating porcine viral infections. Additionally, we outline pathways and modes of action by which ncRNAs regulate viral infections and highlight the therapeutic potential of artificial microRNA. Our hope is that this information will aid in the development of antiviral therapies based on ncRNAs for the pig industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (F.L.); (H.Y.); (A.Q.); (T.Z.); (Y.H.); (Q.T.); (C.Q.); (H.W.); (X.W.); (J.Z.); (L.H.); (H.O.)
| | - Hao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (F.L.); (H.Y.); (A.Q.); (T.Z.); (Y.H.); (Q.T.); (C.Q.); (H.W.); (X.W.); (J.Z.); (L.H.); (H.O.)
| | - Aosi Qi
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (F.L.); (H.Y.); (A.Q.); (T.Z.); (Y.H.); (Q.T.); (C.Q.); (H.W.); (X.W.); (J.Z.); (L.H.); (H.O.)
| | - Tianyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (F.L.); (H.Y.); (A.Q.); (T.Z.); (Y.H.); (Q.T.); (C.Q.); (H.W.); (X.W.); (J.Z.); (L.H.); (H.O.)
| | - Yuran Huo
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (F.L.); (H.Y.); (A.Q.); (T.Z.); (Y.H.); (Q.T.); (C.Q.); (H.W.); (X.W.); (J.Z.); (L.H.); (H.O.)
| | - Qiuse Tu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (F.L.); (H.Y.); (A.Q.); (T.Z.); (Y.H.); (Q.T.); (C.Q.); (H.W.); (X.W.); (J.Z.); (L.H.); (H.O.)
| | - Chunyun Qi
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (F.L.); (H.Y.); (A.Q.); (T.Z.); (Y.H.); (Q.T.); (C.Q.); (H.W.); (X.W.); (J.Z.); (L.H.); (H.O.)
| | - Heyong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (F.L.); (H.Y.); (A.Q.); (T.Z.); (Y.H.); (Q.T.); (C.Q.); (H.W.); (X.W.); (J.Z.); (L.H.); (H.O.)
| | - Xi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (F.L.); (H.Y.); (A.Q.); (T.Z.); (Y.H.); (Q.T.); (C.Q.); (H.W.); (X.W.); (J.Z.); (L.H.); (H.O.)
| | - Jian Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (F.L.); (H.Y.); (A.Q.); (T.Z.); (Y.H.); (Q.T.); (C.Q.); (H.W.); (X.W.); (J.Z.); (L.H.); (H.O.)
| | - Lanxin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (F.L.); (H.Y.); (A.Q.); (T.Z.); (Y.H.); (Q.T.); (C.Q.); (H.W.); (X.W.); (J.Z.); (L.H.); (H.O.)
| | - Hongsheng Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (F.L.); (H.Y.); (A.Q.); (T.Z.); (Y.H.); (Q.T.); (C.Q.); (H.W.); (X.W.); (J.Z.); (L.H.); (H.O.)
- Chongqing Research Institute, Jilin University, Chongqing 401120, China
- Chongqing Jitang Biotechnology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Daxin Pang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (F.L.); (H.Y.); (A.Q.); (T.Z.); (Y.H.); (Q.T.); (C.Q.); (H.W.); (X.W.); (J.Z.); (L.H.); (H.O.)
- Chongqing Research Institute, Jilin University, Chongqing 401120, China
- Chongqing Jitang Biotechnology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Zicong Xie
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (F.L.); (H.Y.); (A.Q.); (T.Z.); (Y.H.); (Q.T.); (C.Q.); (H.W.); (X.W.); (J.Z.); (L.H.); (H.O.)
- Chongqing Research Institute, Jilin University, Chongqing 401120, China
- Chongqing Jitang Biotechnology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Chongqing 401120, China
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Hou L, Yang X, Liu C, Guo J, Shi Y, Sun T, Feng X, Zhou J, Liu J. Heme Oxygenase-1 and Its Metabolites Carbon Monoxide and Biliverdin, but Not Iron, Exert Antiviral Activity against Porcine Circovirus Type 3. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0506022. [PMID: 37140466 PMCID: PMC10269822 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.05060-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Porcine circovirus type 3 (PCV3) is a newly discovered pathogen that causes porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome (PDNS)-like clinical signs, multisystemic inflammation, and reproductive failure. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), a stress-inducible enzyme, exerts protective functions by converting heme into carbon monoxide (CO), biliverdin (BV), and iron. However, the effects of HO-1 and its metabolites on PCV3 replication remain unknown. In this study, experiments involving specific inhibitors, lentivirus transduction, and small interfering RNA (siRNA) transfection revealed that active PCV3 infection reduced HO-1 expression and that the expression of HO-1 negatively regulated virus replication in cultured cells, depending on its enzymatic activity. Subsequently, the effects of the HO-1 metabolites (CO, BV, and iron) on PCV3 infection were investigated. The CO inducers (cobalt protoporphyrin IX [CoPP] or tricarbonyl dichloro ruthenium [II] dimer [CORM-2]) mediate PCV3 inhibition by generating CO, and this inhibition is reversed by hemoglobin (Hb; a CO scavenger). The inhibition of PCV3 replication by BV depended on BV-mediated reactive oxygen species (ROS) reduction, as N-acetyl-l-cysteine affected PCV3 replication while reducing ROS production. The reduction product of BV, bilirubin (BR), specifically promoted nitric oxide (NO) generation and further activated the cyclic GMP/protein kinase G (cGMP/PKG) pathway to attenuate PCV3 infection. Both the iron provided by FeCl3 and the iron chelated by deferoxamine (DFO) with CoPP treatment failed to affect PCV3 replication. Our data demonstrate that the HO-1-CO-cGMP/PKG, HO-1-BV-ROS, and HO-1-BV-BR-NO-cGMP/PKG pathways contribute crucially to the inhibition of PCV3 replication. These results provide important insights regarding preventing and controlling PCV3 infection. IMPORTANCE The regulation of host protein expression by virus infection is the key to facilitating self-replication. As an important emerging pathogen of swine, clarification of the interaction between PCV3 infection and the host enables us to understand the viral life cycle and pathogenesis better. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and its metabolites carbon monoxide (CO), biliverdin (BV), and iron have been demonstrated to involve a wealth of viral replications. Here, we, for the first time, demonstrated that HO-1 expression decreases in PCV3-infected cells and negatively regulates PCV3 replication and that the HO-1 metabolic products CO and BV inhibit PCV3 replication by the CO- or BV/BR/NO-dependent cGMP/PKG pathway or BV-mediated ROS reduction, but the iron (the third metabolic product) does not. Specifically, PCV3 infection maintains normal proliferation by downregulating HO-1 expression. These findings clarify the mechanism by which HO-1 modulates PCV3 replication in cells and provide important targets for preventing and controlling PCV3 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Hou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Changzhe Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jinshuo Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yongyan Shi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Tong Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xufei Feng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jianwei Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jue Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Hu H, Tian M, Yin Y, Zuo D, Guan X, Ding C, Yu S. Brucella induces heme oxygenase-1 expression to promote its infection. Transbound Emerg Dis 2022; 69:2697-2711. [PMID: 34918880 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.14422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Brucellosis is a zoonotic and contagious infectious disease caused by Brucella spp, which causes substantial economic losses to animal husbandry and leads to severe public health problems. Brucella have evolved multiple strategies to escape host immunity and survive within host cells. Elucidating the immune evasion strategies during Brucella infection will facilitate the control of brucellosis. The host enzyme, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), is a multifunctional protein that functions during inflammatory diseases and microbial infections. However, how HO-1 functions during Brucella infection is rarely studied. In this study, we evaluated the role of HO-1 during Brucella infection. We found that Brucella infection induced HO-1 expression in macrophages. We further showed that HO-1 was regulated by PI3K, AMPK kinase, and nuclear erythroid-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in macrophages. Interestingly, knocking out HO-1 or inhibiting the activity of HO-1 significantly decreased Brucella intracellular growth. Inducing the expression of HO-1 by treatment with CoPP promoted Brucella intracellular growth. Mechanistic analyses indicated that the effect of HO-1 was not meditated by HO-1 metabolites, but by decreasing the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), TNF-α, and IL-1β. Moreover, Brucella induced HO-1 expression in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) and mice. When the expression of HO-1 was knocked down in BMDMs, the intracellular survival of Brucella was reduced. Furthermore, the induction of HO-1 by CoPP significantly increased bacterial loads in vivo. Thus, we demonstrated that Brucella induced HO-1 expression to promote its survival and growth in vitro and in vivo. This study also identified HO-1 as a novel innate immune evasion factor during Brucella infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Hu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Mingxing Tian
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yi Yin
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Dong Zuo
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Guan
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Chan Ding
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Jiangsu Coinnovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Shengqing Yu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Jiangsu Coinnovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, P. R. China
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Shin DU, Eom JE, Song HJ, Jung SY, Nguyen TV, Lim KM, Chai OH, Kim HJ, Kim GD, Shin HS, Lee SY. Camellia sinensis L. Alleviates Pulmonary Inflammation Induced by Porcine Pancreas Elastase and Cigarette Smoke Extract. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11091683. [PMID: 36139757 PMCID: PMC9495585 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoke (CS) is the major factor in the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the third leading cause of death worldwide. Furthermore, although Camellia sinensis (CN) has been known as an anti-inflammatory material, the effect of CN has not yet been known on pulmonary inflammation in COPD. Thus, we investigated the protective effects of Camellia sinensis L. extract (CLE) against pulmonary inflammation in porcine pancreas elastase (PPE) and a cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-induced COPD mouse model. Oral administration of CLE suppressed the symptoms such as infiltration of immune cells, cytokines/chemokines secretion, mucus hypersecretion, and injuries of the lung parenchyma. Increased inflammatory responses in COPD are mediated by various immune cells such as airway epithelial cells, neutrophils, and alveolar macrophages. Thus, we investigated the effect and mechanisms of CLE in H292, HL-60, and MH-S cells. The CLE inhibited the expression of IL-6, IL-8, MUC5AC and MUC5B on CSE/LPS-stimulated H292 cells and also suppressed the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps and secretion of neutrophil elastase by inhibiting reactive oxygen species in PMA-induced HL-60 cells. In particular, the CLE suppressed the release of cytokines and chemokines caused by activating the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B via the activation of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 and the heme oxygenase-1 pathway in CSE/LPS-stimulated MH-S cells. Therefore, we suggest that the CLE administration be the effective approach for treating or preventing chronic pulmonary diseases such as COPD induced by CS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Uk Shin
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Korea
- Division of Food Functionality Research, Korea Food Research Institute (KFRI), Wanju 55365, Korea
| | - Ji-Eun Eom
- Food Function Infrastructure Team, Korea Food Research Institute (KFRI), Wanju 55365, Korea
| | - Hyeon-Ji Song
- Division of Food Functionality Research, Korea Food Research Institute (KFRI), Wanju 55365, Korea
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea
| | - Sun Young Jung
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Korea
- Division of Food Functionality Research, Korea Food Research Institute (KFRI), Wanju 55365, Korea
| | - Thi Van Nguyen
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Medical Science, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Korea
| | - Kyung Min Lim
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Korea
- Division of Food Functionality Research, Korea Food Research Institute (KFRI), Wanju 55365, Korea
| | - Ok Hee Chai
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Medical Science, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Korea
| | - Hyun-Jin Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), Department of Food Science and Technology, Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinjudaero, Jinju 52828, Korea
- EZmass. Co., Ltd., 501 Jinjudaero, Jinju 55365, Korea
| | - Gun-Dong Kim
- Division of Food Functionality Research, Korea Food Research Institute (KFRI), Wanju 55365, Korea
| | - Hee Soon Shin
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Korea
- Division of Food Functionality Research, Korea Food Research Institute (KFRI), Wanju 55365, Korea
- Correspondence: (H.S.S.); (S.-Y.L.); Tel.: +82-63-219-9296 (H.S.S.); +82-63-219-9348 (S.-Y.L.)
| | - So-Young Lee
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Korea
- Division of Food Functionality Research, Korea Food Research Institute (KFRI), Wanju 55365, Korea
- Correspondence: (H.S.S.); (S.-Y.L.); Tel.: +82-63-219-9296 (H.S.S.); +82-63-219-9348 (S.-Y.L.)
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Holoubek J, Bednářová K, Haviernik J, Huvarová I, Dvořáková Z, Černý J, Outlá M, Salát J, Konkol'ová E, Boura E, Růžek D, Vorlíčková M, Eyer L, Renčiuk D. Guanine quadruplexes in the RNA genome of the tick-borne encephalitis virus: their role as a new antiviral target and in virus biology. Nucleic Acids Res 2022; 50:4574-4600. [PMID: 35420134 PMCID: PMC9071444 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
We have identified seven putative guanine quadruplexes (G4) in the RNA genome of tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), a flavivirus causing thousands of human infections and numerous deaths every year. The formation of G4s was confirmed by biophysical methods on synthetic oligonucleotides derived from the predicted TBEV sequences. TBEV-5, located at the NS4b/NS5 boundary and conserved among all known flaviviruses, was tested along with its mutated variants for interactions with a panel of known G4 ligands, for the ability to affect RNA synthesis by the flaviviral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and for effects on TBEV replication fitness in cells. G4-stabilizing TBEV-5 mutations strongly inhibited RdRp RNA synthesis and exhibited substantially reduced replication fitness, different plaque morphology and increased sensitivity to G4-binding ligands in cell-based systems. In contrast, strongly destabilizing TBEV-5 G4 mutations caused rapid reversion to the wild-type genotype. Our results suggest that there is a threshold of stability for G4 sequences in the TBEV genome, with any deviation resulting in either dramatic changes in viral phenotype or a rapid return to this optimal level of G4 stability. The data indicate that G4s are critical elements for efficient TBEV replication and are suitable targets to tackle TBEV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiří Holoubek
- Veterinary Research Institute, Emerging Viral Diseases, Brno CZ-62100, Czech Republic.,Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, CZ-62500 Brno, Czech Republic.,Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, CZ-37005 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Klára Bednářová
- Department of Biophysics of Nucleic Acids, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno CZ-61200, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Haviernik
- Veterinary Research Institute, Emerging Viral Diseases, Brno CZ-62100, Czech Republic.,Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, CZ-37005 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Ivana Huvarová
- Veterinary Research Institute, Emerging Viral Diseases, Brno CZ-62100, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Dvořáková
- Department of Biophysics of Nucleic Acids, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno CZ-61200, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Černý
- Faculty of Tropical Agrisciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, CZ-16500 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Outlá
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry and Molecular Oncology, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno CZ-61200, Czech Republic.,National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, CZ-62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Salát
- Veterinary Research Institute, Emerging Viral Diseases, Brno CZ-62100, Czech Republic.,Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, CZ-37005 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Konkol'ová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy ofSciences, CZ-16000 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Evzen Boura
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy ofSciences, CZ-16000 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Růžek
- Veterinary Research Institute, Emerging Viral Diseases, Brno CZ-62100, Czech Republic.,Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, CZ-62500 Brno, Czech Republic.,Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, CZ-37005 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Vorlíčková
- Department of Biophysics of Nucleic Acids, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno CZ-61200, Czech Republic
| | - Luděk Eyer
- Veterinary Research Institute, Emerging Viral Diseases, Brno CZ-62100, Czech Republic.,Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, CZ-37005 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Renčiuk
- Department of Biophysics of Nucleic Acids, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno CZ-61200, Czech Republic
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8
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Wu YH, Chen WC, Tseng CK, Chen YH, Lin CK, Lee JC. Heme oxygenase-1 inhibits DENV-induced endothelial hyperpermeability and serves as a potential target against dengue hemorrhagic fever. FASEB J 2021; 36:e22110. [PMID: 34918393 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100688rrr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV) is a cause of vascular endothelial dysfunction and vascular leakage, which are characterized as hallmarks of dengue hemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome, which become a severe global health emergency with substantial morbidity and mortality. Currently, there are still no promising therapeutics to alleviate the dengue-associated vascular hemorrhage in a clinical setting. In the present study, we first observed that heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression level was highly suppressed in severe DENV-infected patients. In contrast, the overexpression of HO-1 could attenuate DENV-induced pathogenesis, including plasma leakage and thrombocytopenia, in an AG129 mouse model. Our data indicate that overexpression of HO-1 or its metabolite biliverdin can maintain endothelial integrity upon DENV infection in vitro and in vivo. We further characterized the positive regulatory effect of HO-1 on the endothelial adhesion factor vascular endothelial-cadherin to decrease DENV-induced endothelial hyperpermeability. Subsequently, we confirmed that two medicinal plant-derived compounds, andrographolide, and celastrol, widely used as a nutritional or medicinal supplement are useful to attenuate DENV-induced plasma leakage through induction of the HO-1 expression in DENV-infected AG129 mice. In conclusion, our findings reveal that induction of the HO-1 signal pathway is a promising option for the treatment of DENV-induced vascular pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hsuan Wu
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chun Chen
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Kai Tseng
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Hsu Chen
- School of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Medicine, Sepsis Research Center, Center of Dengue Fever Control and Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Kuang Lin
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, College of Marine Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jin-Ching Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, College of Marine Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medicine in College of Medicine and Graduate Institute of Natural Products in College of Pharmacy, Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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9
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Heme-Oxygenase-1 Attenuates Oxidative Functions of Antigen Presenting Cells and Promotes Regulatory T Cell Differentiation during Fasciola hepatica Infection. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10121938. [PMID: 34943041 PMCID: PMC8750899 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10121938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Fasciola hepatica is a fluke that infects livestock and humans causing fasciolosis, a zoonotic disease of increasing importance due to its worldwide distribution and high economic losses. The parasite regulates the host immune system by inducing a strong Th2 and regulatory T (Treg) cell immune response through mechanisms that might involve the expression or activity of heme-oxygenase-1 (HO-1), the rate-limiting enzyme in the catabolism of free heme that also has immunoregulatory and antioxidant properties. In this paper, we show that F. hepatica-infected mice upregulate HO-1 on peritoneal antigen-presenting cells (APC), which produce decreased levels of both reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS). The presence of these cells was associated with increased levels of regulatory T cells (Tregs). Blocking the IL-10 receptor (IL-10R) during parasite infection demonstrated that the presence of splenic Tregs and peritoneal APC expressing HO-1 were both dependent on IL-10 activity. Furthermore, IL-10R neutralization as well as pharmacological treatment with the HO-1 inhibitor SnPP protected mice from parasite infection and allowed peritoneal APC to produce significantly higher ROS/RNS levels than those detected in cells from infected control mice. Finally, parasite infection carried out in gp91phox knockout mice with inactive NADPH oxidase was associated with decreased levels of peritoneal HO-1+ cells and splenic Tregs, and partially protected mice from the hepatic damage induced by the parasite, revealing the complexity of the molecular mechanisms involving ROS production that participate in the complex pathology induced by this helminth. Altogether, these results contribute to the elucidation of the immunoregulatory and antioxidant role of HO-1 induced by F. hepatica in the host, providing alternative checkpoints that might control fasciolosis.
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10
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The Antimalaria Drug Artesunate Inhibits Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Replication via Activating AMPK and Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling Pathways. J Virol 2021; 96:e0148721. [PMID: 34787456 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01487-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome virus (PRRSV) causes significant economic losses to the pork industry worldwide. Currently, vaccine strategies provide limited protection against PRRSV transmission, and no effective drug is commercially available. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop novel antiviral strategies to prevent PRRSV pandemics. This study showed that artesunate (AS), one of the antimalarial drugs, potently suppressed PRRSV replication in Marc-145 cells and ex vivo primary porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs) at micromolar concentrations. Furthermore, we demonstrated that this suppression was closely associated with AS-activated AMPK (energy homeostasis) and Nrf2/HO-1 (inflammation) signaling pathways. AS treatment promoted p-AMPK, Nrf2 and HO-1 expression, and thus inhibited PRRSV replication in Marc-145 and PAM cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. These effects of AS were reversed when AMPK or HO-1 gene was silenced by siRNA. In addition, we demonstrated that AMPK works upstream of Nrf2/HO-1 as its activation by AS is AMPK-dependent. Adenosine phosphate analysis showed that AS activates AMPK via improving AMP/ADP:ATP ratio rather than direct interaction with AMPK. Altogether, our findings indicate that AS could be a promising novel therapeutics for controlling PRRSV and that its anti-PRRSV mechanism, which involves the functional link between energy homeostasis and inflammation suppression pathways, may provide opportunities for developing novel antiviral agents. Importance Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infections have been continuously threatened the pork industry worldwide. Vaccination strategies provide very limited protection against PRRSV infection, and no effective drug is commercially available. We show that artesunate (AS), one of the antimalarial drugs, is a potent inhibitor against PRRSV replication in Marc-145 cells and ex vivo primary porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs). Furthermore, we demonstrate that AS inhibits PRRSV replication via activation of AMPK-dependent Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathways, revealing a novel link between energy homeostasis (AMPK) and inflammation suppression (Nrf2/HO-1) during viral infection. Therefore, we believe that AS may be a promising novel therapeutics for controlling PRRSV, and its anti-PRRSV mechanism may provide a potential strategy to develop novel antiviral agents.
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11
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Hedetoft M, Jensen PØ, Moser C, Vinkel J, Hyldegaard O. Hyperbaric oxygen treatment impacts oxidative stress markers in patients with necrotizing soft-tissue infection. J Investig Med 2021; 69:1330-1338. [PMID: 34006573 PMCID: PMC8485130 DOI: 10.1136/jim-2021-001837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Necrotizing soft-tissue infection (NSTI) is a rare, severe, and fast-progressing bacterial infection associated with a high risk of developing sepsis or septic shock. Increasing evidence indicates that oxidative stress is crucial in the development and progression of sepsis, but its role in NSTI specifically has not been investigated. Some patients with NSTI receive hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2) treatment as the restoration of oxidative stress balance is considered an important mechanism of action, which HBO2 facilitates. However, a gap in knowledge exists regarding the effect of HBO2 treatment on oxidative stress in patients with NSTI. In the present observational study, we aimed to investigate HBO2 treatment effects on known markers of oxidative stress in patients with NSTI. We measured plasma myeloperoxidase (MPO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and nitrite+nitrate in 80 patients with NSTI immediately before and after their first HBO2 treatment, and on the following day. We found that HBO2 treatment was associated with a significant increase in MPO and SOD by a median of 3.4 and 8.8 ng/mL, respectively. Moreover, we observed an HBO2 treatment-associated increase in HO-1 in patients presenting with septic shock (n=39) by a median of 301.3 pg/mL. All markers were significantly higher in patients presenting with septic shock compared to patients without shock, and all markers correlated with disease severity. High baseline SOD was associated with 90-day mortality. In conclusion, HBO2 treatment was associated with an increase in MPO and SOD in patients with NSTI, and oxidative stress was more pronounced in patients with septic shock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morten Hedetoft
- Department of Anaesthesia, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Østrup Jensen
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Costerton Biofilm Center, Institute of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Claus Moser
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Julie Vinkel
- Department of Anaesthesia, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ole Hyldegaard
- Department of Anaesthesia, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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12
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Lu Z, Zhan F, Yang M, Li F, Shi F, Li Y, Zhang M, Zhao L, Zhang K, Li J, Lin L, Qin Z. The immune function of heme oxygenase-1 from grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) in response to bacterial infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 112:168-178. [PMID: 32927052 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.08.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Heme oxygenase (HO)-1, a rate-limiting enzyme in heme catabolism, results in the formation of equivalent amounts of biliverdin (BV), carbon monoxide (CO) and ferrous iron (Fe2+). Previous studies have revealed that HO-1 plays an important role in immune responses. However, the mechanism underlying the immune responses against bacterial infection of teleost HO-1 remains enigmatic. To decipher the mechanisms, we have cloned and characterized the HO-1 gene of grass carp (designated as GcHO-1) in this research. The results showed that the open reading frame (ORF) of GcHO-1 was 819 bp, which encoded a putative protein of 272 amino acids. The deduced amino acid sequence phylogenetically shared the highest identity with other teleosts, and contained two domains of heme-oxygenase and a single-pass transmembrane domain. The mRNA expressions of GcHO-1 in healthy grass carp have widely existed in examined tissues in the following order of spleen > head-kidney > middle head-kidney > intestines > liver > gills > heart > muscle > brain. Besides, the mRNA and protein transcription of GcHO-1 were both significantly up-regulated in the liver and head-kidney tissues after Staphylococcus aureus and Aeromonas hydrophila infection. In addition, overexpression of GcHO-1 in kidney cell line (CIK) cells of grass carp could reduce the expression of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-8, TNFα, CCL1 and IL-6). Herein, we demonstrate that GcHO-1 plays an anti-inflammatory role in innate immunity. Our results shed new light on the mechanisms underlying the antibacterial immunity of teleost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijie Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Water Environment and Aquatic Products Security Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510222, China
| | - Fanbin Zhan
- Guangdong Provincial Water Environment and Aquatic Products Security Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510222, China
| | - Minxuan Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Water Environment and Aquatic Products Security Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510222, China
| | - Fenglin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Water Environment and Aquatic Products Security Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510222, China
| | - Fei Shi
- Guangdong Provincial Water Environment and Aquatic Products Security Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510222, China
| | - Yanan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Water Environment and Aquatic Products Security Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510222, China
| | - Menglan Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Water Environment and Aquatic Products Security Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510222, China
| | - Lijuan Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Water Environment and Aquatic Products Security Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510222, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Water Environment and Aquatic Products Security Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510222, China
| | - Jun Li
- Guangdong Provincial Water Environment and Aquatic Products Security Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510222, China; School of Biological Sciences, Lake Superior State University, Sault Ste. Marie, MI, 49783, USA
| | - Li Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Water Environment and Aquatic Products Security Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510222, China.
| | - Zhendong Qin
- Guangdong Provincial Water Environment and Aquatic Products Security Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510222, China.
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13
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Vozandychova V, Stojkova P, Hercik K, Rehulka P, Stulik J. The Ubiquitination System within Bacterial Host-Pathogen Interactions. Microorganisms 2021; 9:638. [PMID: 33808578 PMCID: PMC8003559 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9030638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitination of proteins, like phosphorylation and acetylation, is an important regulatory aspect influencing numerous and various cell processes, such as immune response signaling and autophagy. The study of ubiquitination has become essential to learning about host-pathogen interactions, and a better understanding of the detailed mechanisms through which pathogens affect ubiquitination processes in host cell will contribute to vaccine development and effective treatment of diseases. Pathogenic bacteria (e.g., Salmonella enterica, Legionella pneumophila and Shigella flexneri) encode many effector proteins, such as deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs), targeting the host ubiquitin machinery and thus disrupting pertinent ubiquitin-dependent anti-bacterial response. We focus here upon the host ubiquitination system as an integral unit, its interconnection with the regulation of inflammation and autophagy, and primarily while examining pathogens manipulating the host ubiquitination system. Many bacterial effector proteins have already been described as being translocated into the host cell, where they directly regulate host defense processes. Due to their importance in pathogenic bacteria progression within the host, they are regarded as virulence factors essential for bacterial evasion. However, in some cases (e.g., Francisella tularensis) the host ubiquitination system is influenced by bacterial infection, although the responsible bacterial effectors are still unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Vozandychova
- Department of Molecular Pathology and Biology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 50001 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (V.V.); (P.S.); (K.H.); (P.R.)
| | - Pavla Stojkova
- Department of Molecular Pathology and Biology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 50001 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (V.V.); (P.S.); (K.H.); (P.R.)
| | - Kamil Hercik
- Department of Molecular Pathology and Biology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 50001 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (V.V.); (P.S.); (K.H.); (P.R.)
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo namesti 542/2, 16000 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Rehulka
- Department of Molecular Pathology and Biology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 50001 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (V.V.); (P.S.); (K.H.); (P.R.)
| | - Jiri Stulik
- Department of Molecular Pathology and Biology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 50001 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (V.V.); (P.S.); (K.H.); (P.R.)
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14
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Fernández-Fierro A, Funes SC, Rios M, Covián C, González J, Kalergis AM. Immune Modulation by Inhibitors of the HO System. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010294. [PMID: 33396647 PMCID: PMC7794909 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The heme oxygenase (HO) system involves three isoforms of this enzyme, HO-1, HO-2, and HO-3. The three of them display the same catalytic activity, oxidating the heme group to produce biliverdin, ferrous iron, and carbon monoxide (CO). HO-1 is the isoform most widely studied in proinflammatory diseases because treatments that overexpress this enzyme promote the generation of anti-inflammatory products. However, neonatal jaundice (hyperbilirubinemia) derived from HO overexpression led to the development of inhibitors, such as those based on metaloproto- and meso-porphyrins inhibitors with competitive activity. Further, non-competitive inhibitors have also been identified, such as synthetic and natural imidazole-dioxolane-based, small synthetic molecules, inhibitors of the enzyme regulation pathway, and genetic engineering using iRNA or CRISPR cas9. Despite most of the applications of the HO inhibitors being related to metabolic diseases, the beneficial effects of these molecules in immune-mediated diseases have also emerged. Different medical implications, including cancer, Alzheimer´s disease, and infections, are discussed in this article and as to how the selective inhibition of HO isoforms may contribute to the treatment of these ailments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayleen Fernández-Fierro
- Millenium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8331150 Santiago, Chile; (A.F.-F.); (M.R.); (C.C.); (J.G.)
| | - Samanta C. Funes
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas-San Luis, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas—Universidad Nacional de San Luis, 5700 San Luis, Argentina;
| | - Mariana Rios
- Millenium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8331150 Santiago, Chile; (A.F.-F.); (M.R.); (C.C.); (J.G.)
| | - Camila Covián
- Millenium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8331150 Santiago, Chile; (A.F.-F.); (M.R.); (C.C.); (J.G.)
| | - Jorge González
- Millenium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8331150 Santiago, Chile; (A.F.-F.); (M.R.); (C.C.); (J.G.)
| | - Alexis M. Kalergis
- Millenium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8331150 Santiago, Chile; (A.F.-F.); (M.R.); (C.C.); (J.G.)
- Departamento de Endocrinología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8331150 Santiago, Chile
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +56-22-686-2842
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15
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Cellular and Molecular Response of Macrophages THP-1 during Co-Culture with Inactive Trichophyton rubrum Conidia. J Fungi (Basel) 2020; 6:jof6040363. [PMID: 33322794 PMCID: PMC7770574 DOI: 10.3390/jof6040363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Trichophyton rubrum is causing an increasing number of invasive infections, especially in immunocompromised and diabetic patients. The fungal invasive infectious process is complex and has not yet been fully elucidated. Therefore, this study aimed to understand the cellular and molecular mechanisms during the interaction of macrophages and T. rubrum. For this purpose, we used a co-culture of previously germinated and heat-inactivated T. rubrum conidia placed in contact with human macrophages cell line THP-1 for 24 h. This interaction led to a higher level of release of interleukins IL-6, IL-2, nuclear factor kappa beta (NF-κB) and an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, demonstrating the cellular defense by macrophages against dead fungal elements. Cell viability assays showed that 70% of macrophages remained viable during co-culture. Human microRNA expression is involved in fungal infection and may modulate the immune response. Thus, the macrophage expression profile of microRNAs during co-culture revealed the modulation of 83 microRNAs, with repression of 33 microRNAs and induction of 50 microRNAs. These data were analyzed using bioinformatics analysis programs and the modulation of the expression of some microRNAs was validated by qRT-PCR. In silico analysis showed that the target genes of these microRNAs are related to the inflammatory response, oxidative stress, apoptosis, drug resistance, and cell proliferation.
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16
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Zang Y, Zheng S, Tang F, Yang L, Wei X, Kong D, Sun W, Li W. Heme oxygenase 1 plays a crucial role in swamp eel response to oxidative stress induced by cadmium exposure or Aeromonas hydrophila infection. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2020; 46:1947-1963. [PMID: 32656613 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-020-00846-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress contributes a lot to initiation and progression of pathological conditions. Heme oxygenase 1 (HO1), a cytoprotective enzyme, is usually upregulated to alleviate oxidative stress in vivo. The function of teleost HO1 in the response to oxidative stress induced by heavy metal exposure and in pathogenic bacterial infection remains uncertain. In the present study, both complementary DNA and genomic sequence of a HO1-like gene cloned from the liver of swamp eel (Monopterus albus) are reported. Sequence analysis showed that the putative amino acid sequence contained a conserved heme oxygenase signature and displayed higher similarity to HO1 genes of other teleosts. Expression profile of swamp eel HO1 was investigated in healthy tissues and in tissues following stimulation with pathogenic bacteria (Aeromonas hydrophila) or cadmium chloride (CdCl2) exposure. Results demonstrated that HO1 messenger RNA (mRNA) was highly expressed in the liver and relatively less in other tissues. Bacterial infection with A. hydrophila significantly changed HO1 mRNA expression in the liver, spleen, and kidney, and the mRNA expression of HO1 and Nrf2 in the liver was elevated after the fish were exposed to CdCl2. Subsequently, the swamp eel HO1 was subcloned into a pET28a expression vector and transformed into Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). Recombinant HO1 (rHO1) was successfully induced by 0.1 mmol/l IPTG and purified by Ni-NTA His Bind Resin purification system. To determine whether the rHO1 could confer stress tolerance in vitro, the viability of control and HO1-expressing E. coli under CdCl2 stress was compared by spot assay. The rHO1 protein significantly increased survival rates of the bacterial hosts. To evaluate whether intraperitoneal injection with rHO1 protected the liver of swamp eel against A. hydrophila-induced oxidative stress, mRNA expression of HO1, Nrf2, hepcidin, and IL-1β as well as the oxidative stress-related parameters (ROS and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC)) in the liver were examined. The results showed that exogenous rHO1 could significantly upgrade the mRNA expression of HO1 and hepcidin, coupled with increased ROS and T-AOC levels. However, Nrf2 and IL-1β expression levels were significantly downregulated and upregulated, respectively. These results suggested that HO1 should not only play a protective role in oxidative stress response and its adverse effects deserved further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Zang
- College of Life Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingmi Road 266, Jingzhou, 434025, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuting Zheng
- College of Life Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingmi Road 266, Jingzhou, 434025, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Tang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Long Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingmi Road 266, Jingzhou, 434025, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiping Wei
- College of Life Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingmi Road 266, Jingzhou, 434025, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Kong
- College of Life Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingmi Road 266, Jingzhou, 434025, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenxiu Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingmi Road 266, Jingzhou, 434025, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Li
- College of Life Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingmi Road 266, Jingzhou, 434025, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China.
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Costa DL, Amaral EP, Andrade BB, Sher A. Modulation of Inflammation and Immune Responses by Heme Oxygenase-1: Implications for Infection with Intracellular Pathogens. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9121205. [PMID: 33266044 PMCID: PMC7761188 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9121205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) catalyzes the degradation of heme molecules releasing equimolar amounts of biliverdin, iron and carbon monoxide. Its expression is induced in response to stress signals such as reactive oxygen species and inflammatory mediators with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive consequences for the host. Interestingly, several intracellular pathogens responsible for major human diseases have been shown to be powerful inducers of HO-1 expression in both host cells and in vivo. Studies have shown that this HO-1 response can be either host detrimental by impairing pathogen control or host beneficial by limiting infection induced inflammation and tissue pathology. These properties make HO-1 an attractive target for host-directed therapy (HDT) of the diseases in question, many of which have been difficult to control using conventional antibiotic approaches. Here we review the mechanisms by which HO-1 expression is induced and how the enzyme regulates inflammatory and immune responses during infection with a number of different intracellular bacterial and protozoan pathogens highlighting mechanistic commonalities and differences with the goal of identifying targets for disease intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego L. Costa
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, São Paulo, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-16-3315-3061
| | - Eduardo P. Amaral
- Immunobiology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (E.P.A.); (A.S.)
| | - Bruno B. Andrade
- Wellcome Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Africa, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa;
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador 40296-710, Bahia, Brazil
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador 40210-320, Bahia, Brazil
- Curso de Medicina, Faculdade de Tecnologia e Ciências (UniFTC), Salvador 41741-590, Bahia, Brazil
- Curso de Medicina, Universidade Salvador (UNIFACS), Laureate International Universities, Salvador 41770-235, Bahia, Brazil
- Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública (EBMSP), Salvador 40290-000, Bahia, Brazil
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Alan Sher
- Immunobiology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (E.P.A.); (A.S.)
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18
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Silva RCMC, Travassos LH, Paiva CN, Bozza MT. Heme oxygenase-1 in protozoan infections: A tale of resistance and disease tolerance. PLoS Pathog 2020; 16:e1008599. [PMID: 32692767 PMCID: PMC7373268 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Heme oxygenase (HO-1) mediates the enzymatic cleavage of heme, a molecule with proinflammatory and prooxidant properties. HO-1 activity deeply impacts host capacity to tolerate infection through reduction of tissue damage or affecting resistance, the ability of the host to control pathogen loads. In this Review, we will discuss the contribution of HO-1 in different and complex protozoan infections, such as malaria, leishmaniasis, Chagas disease, and toxoplasmosis. The complexity of these infections and the pleiotropic effects of HO-1 constitute an interesting area of study and an opportunity for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael C. M. C. Silva
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Imunidade, Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Leonardo H. Travassos
- Laboratório de Imunoreceptores e Sinalização, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Claudia N. Paiva
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Imunidade, Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Marcelo T. Bozza
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Imunidade, Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
- * E-mail:
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19
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Di Pietro C, Öz HH, Murray TS, Bruscia EM. Targeting the Heme Oxygenase 1/Carbon Monoxide Pathway to Resolve Lung Hyper-Inflammation and Restore a Regulated Immune Response in Cystic Fibrosis. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:1059. [PMID: 32760278 PMCID: PMC7372134 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF), lung hyper-inflammation starts early in life and is perpetuated by mucus obstruction and persistent bacterial infections. The continuous tissue damage and scarring caused by non-resolving inflammation leads to bronchiectasis and, ultimately, respiratory failure. Macrophages (MΦs) are key regulators of immune response and host defense. We and others have shown that, in CF, MΦs are hyper-inflammatory and exhibit reduced bactericidal activity. Thus, MΦs contribute to the inability of CF lung tissues to control the inflammatory response or restore tissue homeostasis. The non-resolving hyper-inflammation in CF lungs is attributed to an impairment of several signaling pathways associated with resolution of the inflammatory response, including the heme oxygenase-1/carbon monoxide (HO-1/CO) pathway. HO-1 is an enzyme that degrades heme groups, leading to the production of potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and bactericidal mediators, such as biliverdin, bilirubin, and CO. This pathway is fundamental to re-establishing cellular homeostasis in response to various insults, such as oxidative stress and infection. Monocytes/MΦs rely on abundant induction of the HO-1/CO pathway for a controlled immune response and for potent bactericidal activity. Here, we discuss studies showing that blunted HO-1 activation in CF-affected cells contributes to hyper-inflammation and defective host defense against bacteria. We dissect potential cellular mechanisms that may lead to decreased HO-1 induction in CF cells. We review literature suggesting that induction of HO-1 may be beneficial for the treatment of CF lung disease. Finally, we discuss recent studies highlighting how endogenous HO-1 can be induced by administration of controlled doses of CO to reduce lung hyper-inflammation, oxidative stress, bacterial infection, and dysfunctional ion transport, which are all hallmarks of CF lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Emanuela M. Bruscia
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
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20
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Nithichanon A, Tussakhon I, Samer W, Kewcharoenwong C, Ato M, Bancroft GJ, Lertmemongkolchai G. Immune responses in beta-thalassaemia: heme oxygenase 1 reduces cytokine production and bactericidal activity of human leucocytes. Sci Rep 2020; 10:10297. [PMID: 32581238 PMCID: PMC7314746 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67346-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with beta-thalassaemia increase the risk of bacterial infections, particularly Burkholderia pseudomallei (Bp), the causative agent of melioidosis in Thailand. Impaired immune cell functions may be the cause of this susceptibility, but detailed mechanisms have not been defined. In this study, we observed impaired production of IFN-gamma and IL-10 by whole blood from beta-thalassaemia patients upon stimulation with a range of bacteria-derived stimuli. In contrast, IFN-gamma response via TCR and plasma IgG specific for Bp were still intact. Importantly, mRNA expression of heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), a potential modulator of immune function, was increased in whole blood from beta-thalassaemia patients, either with or without stimulation with Bp in vitro. Induction of HO-1 by hemin or CoPP in vitro reduced production of IFN-gamma and IL-10 from healthy human PBMCs and decreased bacterial clearance activity of whole blood from healthy controls and beta-thalassaemia, while inhibition of HO-1 by SnPP enhanced both functions in healthy controls. These results were confirmed to some extent in purified human monocytes of healthy controls. Our results suggest a mechanism that excess hemin of beta-thalassaemia patients is a significant cause of immune suppression via HO-1 induction and may underlie the susceptibility of these individuals to severe bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnone Nithichanon
- The Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Inthira Tussakhon
- The Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Waraporn Samer
- The Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Chidchamai Kewcharoenwong
- The Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Manabu Ato
- Department of Immunology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, 162-8640, Japan
| | - Gregory J Bancroft
- Department of Infection Biology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Ganjana Lertmemongkolchai
- The Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.
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21
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Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Attenuate Systemic Sepsis in Part by Enhancing Peritoneal Macrophage Bacterial Killing via Heme Oxygenase-1 Induction in Rats. Anesthesiology 2020; 132:140-154. [PMID: 31764154 DOI: 10.1097/aln.0000000000003018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stromal cells have therapeutic potential in sepsis, but the mechanism of action is unclear. We tested the effects, dose-response, and mechanisms of action of cryopreserved, xenogeneic-free human umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cells in a rat model of fecal peritonitis, and examined the role of heme oxygenase-1 in protection. METHODS Separate in vivo experiments evaluated mesenchymal stromal cells in fecal sepsis, established dose response (2, 5, and 10 million cells/kg), and the role of heme oxygenase-1 in mediating human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stromal/stem cell effects. Ex vivo studies utilized pharmacologic blockers and small inhibitory RNAs to evaluate mechanisms of mesenchymal stromal cell enhanced function in (rodent, healthy and septic human) macrophages. RESULTS Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cells reduced injury and increased survival (from 48%, 12 of 25 to 88%, 14 of 16, P = 0.0033) in fecal sepsis, with dose response studies demonstrating that 10 million cells/kg was the most effective dose. Mesenchymal stromal cells reduced bacterial load and peritoneal leukocyte infiltration (from 9.9 ± 3.1 × 10/ml to 6.2 ± 1.8 × 10/ml, N = 8 to 10 per group, P < 0.0001), and increased heme oxygenase-1 expression in peritoneal macrophages, liver, and spleen. Heme oxygenase-1 blockade abolished the effects of mesenchymal stromal cells (N = 7 or 8 per group). Mesenchymal stromal cells also increased heme oxygenase-1 expression in macrophages from healthy donors and septic patients. Direct ex vivo upregulation of macrophage heme oxygenase-1 enhanced macrophage function (phagocytosis, reactive oxygen species production, bacterial killing). Blockade of lipoxin A4 production in mesenchymal stromal cells, and of prostaglandin E2 synthesis in mesenchymal stromal cell/macrophage cocultures, prevented upregulation of heme oxygenase-1 in macrophages (from 9.6 ± 5.5-fold to 2.3 ± 1.3 and 2.4 ± 2.3 respectively, P = 0.004). Knockdown of heme oxygenase-1 production in macrophages ablated mesenchymal stromal cell enhancement of macrophage phagocytosis. CONCLUSIONS Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cells attenuate systemic sepsis by enhancing peritoneal macrophage bacterial killing, mediated partly via upregulation of peritoneal macrophage heme oxygenase-1. Lipoxin A4 and prostaglandin E2 play key roles in the mesenchymal stromal cell and macrophage interaction.
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22
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Zhang A, Wan B, Jiang D, Wu Y, Ji P, Du Y, Zhang G. The Cytoprotective Enzyme Heme Oxygenase-1 Suppresses Pseudorabies Virus Replication in vitro. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:412. [PMID: 32231654 PMCID: PMC7082841 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudorabies virus (PRV) infection brings about great economic losses to the swine industry worldwide, as there are currently no effective therapeutic agents or vaccines against this disease, and mutations in endemic wild virulent PRV strains result in immune failure of traditional vaccines. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) catalyzes the conversion of heme into biliverdin (BV), iron and carbon monoxide (CO), all of which have been demonstrated to protect cells from various stressors. However, the role of HO-1 in PRV replication remains unknown. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of HO-1 on PRV replication and determine its underlying molecular mechanisms. The results demonstrated that induction of HO-1 via cobalt-protoporphyrin (CoPP) markedly suppressed PRV replication, while HO-1 specific small interfering RNA or inhibitor zinc-protoporphyrin partially reversed the inhibitory effect of CoPP on PRV replication. Furthermore, overexpression of HO-1 notably inhibited PRV replication, while knockdown of endogenous HO-1 expression promoted PRV replication. Mechanism analyses indicated that the HO-1 downstream metabolites, CO and BV/BR partially mediated the virus suppressive effect of HO-1. Taken together, the results of the present study suggest that HO-1 may be developed as a novel endogenous antiviral factor against PRV, and the HO-1/BV/CO system may constitute a unique antiviral protection network during PRV infection and interaction with host cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angke Zhang
- College of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bo Wan
- College of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dawei Jiang
- College of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yanan Wu
- College of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Pengchao Ji
- College of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yongkun Du
- College of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Gaiping Zhang
- College of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
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23
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Ramos-Junior ES, Pedram M, Lee RE, Exstrom D, Yilmaz Ö, Coutinho-Silva R, Ojcius DM, Morandini AC. CD73-dependent adenosine dampens interleukin-1β-induced CXCL8 production in gingival fibroblasts: Association with heme oxygenase-1 and adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase. J Periodontol 2019; 91:253-262. [PMID: 31347162 DOI: 10.1002/jper.19-0137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During inflammation, stressed or infected cells can release adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to the extracellular medium, which can be hydrolyzed to adenosine by ectonucleotidases such as ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 1 (CD39) and 5'-nucleotidase (CD73). The role of CD73 in the modulation of cytokine release by human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) remains underexplored. Here, we investigated whether CD73-mediated hydrolysis of extracellular ATP (eATP) could affect interleukin (IL)-1β-induced CXCL8 secretion. METHODS The levels of mRNA expression of adenosine receptors, CD39 and CD73 of periodontitis samples were retrieved from a public database. Moreover, HGF mRNA levels were measured by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) after 3, 6, or 24 hours of IL-1β stimulation. IL-1β-induced CXCL8 protein levels were measured after pretreatment with 100-µM eATP in the presence or absence of CD73 inhibitor. The effect of eATP degradation to adenosine on CXCL8 levels was investigated using agonist and antagonist of adenosine receptors. RESULTS Levels of CD39, CD73, and adenosine receptor mRNA were differentially modulated by IL-1β. ATP pretreatment impaired IL-1β-induced CXCL8 secretion and required activation of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and phosphorylated adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (pAMPK). The inhibition of CD73 or the inhibition of adenosine receptors abrogated the ATP effect on CXCL8 secretion. CONCLUSIONS CD73-generated adenosine dampens IL-1β-induced CXCL8 in HGFs and involves HO-1 and pAMPK signaling. These results imply that CD73 is a negative regulator of the inflammatory microenvironment, suggesting that this ectoenzyme could be involved in the generation of deficient CXCL8 gradient in chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erivan Schnaider Ramos-Junior
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Michael Pedram
- Doctor of Dental Surgery Program, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Renee E Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, CA, USA.,College of Letters & Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Drake Exstrom
- Doctor of Dental Surgery Program, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Özlem Yilmaz
- Department of Oral Health Sciences and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Robson Coutinho-Silva
- Immunobiology Program, Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - David M Ojcius
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ana Carolina Morandini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Zhao Y, Hu J, Tan Z, Liu T, Zeng W, Li X, Huang C, Wang S, Huang Z, Ma W. Ambient carbon monoxide and increased risk of daily hospital outpatient visits for respiratory diseases in Dongguan, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 668:254-260. [PMID: 30852202 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The toxicity of high-concentration carbon monoxide (CO) on human health has previously been documented. However, the epidemiological evidence on the association between acute exposure to ambient CO and respiratory diseases is relatively lacking and controversial. OBJECTIVES To examine the short-term association between ambient CO and hospital outpatient visits for respiratory diseases in Dongguan, China. METHODS The number of daily hospital outpatient visits for respiratory diseases, and air pollution and meteorological data were collected from January 2013 to August 2017. A generalized additive model with a quasi-Poisson link was used to estimate the association between ambient CO concentration and the total number of hospital outpatient visits for all respiratory diseases and those for asthma, bronchiectasis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and pneumonia. We further analyzed the effect of ambient CO by gender and age. RESULTS Over the study period, a 24-h mean concentration of ambient CO of 0.88 mg/m3 (below the limit for CO in China) and a total of 89,484 hospital outpatient visits for respiratory diseases were recorded. Ambient CO was found to increase the risk for asthma, bronchiectasis, pneumonia and the total number of respiratory diseases. The per interquartile range (IQR) increase in ambient CO at lag03 day corresponded to a 5.62% (95% confidence interval (CI): 3.24%, 8.05%), 8.86% (95% CI: 4.89%, 12.98%), 6.67% (95% CI: 0.87%, 12.81%) and 7.20% (95% CI: 2.35%, 12.29%) increased risk in outpatient visits for all respiratory diseases, asthma, bronchiectasis and pneumonia, respectively. Each association was partially weakened after adjusting for co-pollutants. The effect of ambient CO on respiratory diseases appeared to be greater for females and the elderly. CONCLUSIONS Short-term exposure to ambient CO was associated with increased risk of outpatient visits for respiratory diseases. Our analysis may help to understand the health effects of low-levels of CO and provide evidence for the creation of air quality standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiju Zhao
- Department of Respirator Medicine, The Fifth People's Hospital of Dongguan, Dongguan 523905, China
| | - Jianxiong Hu
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510220, China
| | - Zhenwei Tan
- Record Room, The Fifth People's Hospital of Dongguan, Dongguan 523905, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - Weilin Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - Xing Li
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - Caiyan Huang
- Department of Respirator Medicine, The Fifth People's Hospital of Dongguan, Dongguan 523905, China
| | - Shengyong Wang
- Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zhao Huang
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510220, China
| | - Wenjun Ma
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China.
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25
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Saha S, Basu M, Guin S, Gupta P, Mitterstiller AM, Weiss G, Jana K, Ukil A. Leishmania donovani Exploits Macrophage Heme Oxygenase-1 To Neutralize Oxidative Burst and TLR Signaling-Dependent Host Defense. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2019; 202:827-840. [PMID: 30593539 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1800958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Suppression of host oxidative burst is essential for survival of the intracellular parasite Leishmania donovani Screening of macrophage antioxidant enzymes during infection revealed marked upregulation of the heme-degrading enzyme, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). Moreover, HO-1-silenced RAW macrophages depicted increased superoxide production and decreased parasite survival. HO-1 induction decreased cellular heme content, thereby inhibiting the heme-dependent maturation of gp91phox, a catalytic component of major reactive oxygen species-producing enzyme NAD(P)H oxidase. Decreased gp91phox expression resulted in reduced stability of p22phox, another component of the catalytic center of NAD(P)H oxidase. Replenishing infected cells with exogenous heme reversed these effects and restored NAD(P)H oxidase activity. Persistent HO-1 expression at late hour of infection prompted us to investigate its effect on other host defense parameters, and inhibition study revealed a reciprocal relationship of HO-1 with host proinflammatory responses. Among all the HO-1-mediated heme degradation products (CO, Fe, and biliverdin), only CO documented potent anti-inflammatory effects. Quenching of CO during infection increased the production of disease-resolving cytokines IL-12 and TNF-α. Coimmunoprecipitation experiments revealed that CO inhibited the interaction of TLR4 with MyD88 and TIR domain-containing adapter-inducing IFN-β, thereby dampening the activation of NF-κB and IFN regulatory factor 3-mediated production of proinflammatory cytokines. Administration of HO-1 inhibitor tin protoporphyrin IX dichloride in infected BALB/c mice led to a decrease in liver and spleen parasite burden along with increased production of IL-12 and TNF-α. These results suggest that HO-1 on one hand inhibits reactive oxygen species generation and on the other hand downregulates host favorable cytokine responses, thereby facilitating intramacrophage parasite survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shriya Saha
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Moumita Basu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Subham Guin
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Purnima Gupta
- Infections and Cancer Biology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Anna-Maria Mitterstiller
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Infectious Diseases, Immunology, Rheumatology, Pneumology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 69008 Innsbruck, Austria; and
| | - Guenter Weiss
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Infectious Diseases, Immunology, Rheumatology, Pneumology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 69008 Innsbruck, Austria; and
| | - Kuladip Jana
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata 700054, India
| | - Anindita Ukil
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700019, India;
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Segawa K, Watanabe-Matsui M, Matsui T, Igarashi K, Murayama K. Functional Heme Binding to the Intrinsically Disordered C-Terminal Region of Bach1, a Transcriptional Repressor. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2019; 247:153-159. [DOI: 10.1620/tjem.247.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kei Segawa
- Division of Biomedical Measurements and Diagnostics, Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University
- Pharmaceutical Discovery Research Laboratories, Teijin Pharma Limited
| | - Miki Watanabe-Matsui
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)
| | - Toshitaka Matsui
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University
| | - Kazuhiko Igarashi
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University
| | - Kazutaka Murayama
- Division of Biomedical Measurements and Diagnostics, Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University
- Laboratory for Protein Functional and Structural Biology, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research
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Lechuga GC, Pereira MCS, Bourguignon SC. Heme metabolism as a therapeutic target against protozoan parasites. J Drug Target 2018; 27:767-779. [DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2018.1536982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Curty Lechuga
- Laboratório de Interação celular e molecular, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Outeiro São João Batista, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Ultraestrutura Celular, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Instituto de Biologia, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências e Biotecnologia (PPBI), Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mirian C. S. Pereira
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Ultraestrutura Celular, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Saulo C. Bourguignon
- Laboratório de Interação celular e molecular, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Outeiro São João Batista, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Instituto de Biologia, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências e Biotecnologia (PPBI), Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Sahni A, Fang R, Sahni SK, Walker DH. Pathogenesis of Rickettsial Diseases: Pathogenic and Immune Mechanisms of an Endotheliotropic Infection. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PATHOLOGY-MECHANISMS OF DISEASE 2018; 14:127-152. [PMID: 30148688 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pathmechdis-012418-012800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Obligately intracytosolic rickettsiae that cycle between arthropod and vertebrate hosts cause human diseases with a spectrum of severity, primarily by targeting microvascular endothelial cells, resulting in endothelial dysfunction. Endothelial cells and mononuclear phagocytes have important roles in the intracellular killing of rickettsiae upon activation by the effector molecules of innate and adaptive immunity. In overwhelming infection, immunosuppressive effects contribute to the severity of illness. Rickettsia-host cell interactions involve host cell receptors for rickettsial ligands that mediate cell adhesion and, in some instances, trigger induced phagocytosis. Rickettsiae interact with host cell actin to effect both cellular entry and intracellular actin-based mobility. The interaction of rickettsiae with the host cell also involves rickettsial evasion of host defense mechanisms and exploitation of the intracellular environment. Signal transduction events exemplify these effects. An intriguing frontier is the array of rickettsial noncoding RNA molecules and their potential effects on the pathogenesis and transmission of rickettsial diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abha Sahni
- The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas 77555-0609, USA; , , ,
| | - Rong Fang
- The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas 77555-0609, USA; , , ,
| | - Sanjeev K Sahni
- The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas 77555-0609, USA; , , ,
| | - David H Walker
- The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas 77555-0609, USA; , , ,
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Li C, Li L, Jin L, Yuan J. Heme Oxygenase-1 inhibits spring viremia of carp virus replication through carbon monoxide mediated cyclic GMP/Protein kinase G signaling pathway. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 79:65-72. [PMID: 29753142 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Spring viremia of carp virus (SVCV) is the etiological agent of spring viremia of carp (SVC) and causes mass mortality in common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Currently, no effective treatments or commercial vaccines against SVCV are available. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), an enzyme that catalyzes the degradation of heme to produce carbon monoxide (CO), biliverdin and ferrous iron (Fe2+), exerts anti-oxidant, antiinflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties. Previous studies demonstrated that nuclear factor-erythroid 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) functions as an important upstream regulator of HO-1 and exhibits robust activity against SVCV infection. In this study, we further examined the antiviral activity of HO-1 against SVCV infection. The elevated expression of HO-1 was induced upon cobalt protoporphyrin (CoPP) treatment in EPC cells without affecting cell viability and thus inhibited SVCV replication in a dose dependent manner. Knocking down of HO-1 rescued SVCV replication. Thereby, the antiviral activity of ROS/Nrf2/HO-1 axis was confirmed in EPC cells. Furthermore, HO-1 enzymatic products CO, but not biliverdin, markedly inhibited SVCV replication via the activation of cyclic GMP/protein kinase G signaling pathway. Collectively, these findings suggest potential drug or therapy that induced the Nrf2/HO-1/CO/cGMP/PKG signaling pathway as a promising strategy for treating SVC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Li
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijuan Li
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China; Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Jin
- Department of Biomedical Science, Carlson College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97330, United States
| | - Junfa Yuan
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China; Hubei Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Diseases Control and Prevention, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China.
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Singh N, Ahmad Z, Baid N, Kumar A. Host heme oxygenase-1: Friend or foe in tackling pathogens? IUBMB Life 2018; 70:869-880. [PMID: 29761622 DOI: 10.1002/iub.1868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Infectious diseases are a major challenge in management of human health worldwide. Recent literature suggests that host immune system could be modulated to ameliorate the pathogenesis of infectious disease. Heme oxygenase (HMOX1) is a key regulator of cellular signaling and it could be modulated using pharmacological reagents. HMOX1 is a cytoprotective enzyme that degrades heme to generate carbon monoxide (CO), biliverdin, and molecular iron. CO and biliverdin (or bilirubin derived from it) can restrict the growth of a few pathogens. Both of these also induce antioxidant pathways and anti-inflammatory pathways. On the other hand, molecular iron can induce proinflammatory pathway besides making the cellular environment oxidative in nature. Since microbial infections often induce oxidative stress in host cells/tissues, role of HMOX1 has been analyzed in the pathogenesis of number of infections. In this review, we have described the role of HMOX1 in pathogenesis of bacterial infections caused by Mycobacterium species, Salmonella and in microbial sepsis. We have also provided a succinct overview of the role of HMOX1 in parasitic infections such as malaria and leishmaniasis. In the end, we have also elaborated the role of HMOX1 in viral infections such as AIDS, hepatitis, dengue, and influenza. © 2018 IUBMB Life, 70(9):869-880, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Singh
- Division of Cell Biology and Immunology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, Punjab, India
| | - Zeeshan Ahmad
- Division of Cell Biology and Immunology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, Punjab, India
| | - Navin Baid
- Division of Cell Biology and Immunology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, Punjab, India
| | - Ashwani Kumar
- Division of Cell Biology and Immunology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, Punjab, India
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Qu X, Hu M, Shang Y, Pan L, Jia P, Fu C, Liu Q, Wang Y. Liver Transcriptome and miRNA Analysis of Silver Carp ( Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) Intraperitoneally Injected With Microcystin-LR. Front Physiol 2018; 9:381. [PMID: 29692738 PMCID: PMC5902739 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Next-generation sequencing was used to analyze the effects of toxic microcystin-LR (MC-LR) on silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix). Silver carps were intraperitoneally injected with MC-LR, and RNA-seq and miRNA-seq in the liver were analyzed at 0.25, 0.5, and 1 h. The expression of glutathione S-transferase (GST), which acts as a marker gene for MC-LR, was tested to determine the earliest time point at which GST transcription was initiated in the liver tissues of the MC-LR-treated silver carps. Hepatic RNA-seq/miRNA-seq analysis and data integration analysis were conducted with reference to the identified time point. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) was performed to detect the expression of the following genes at the three time points: heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), interleukin-10 receptor 1 (IL-10R1), apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I), and heme binding protein 2 (HBP2). Results showed that the liver GST expression was remarkably decreased at 0.25 h (P < 0.05). RNA-seq at this time point revealed that the liver tissue contained 97,505 unigenes, including 184 significantly different unigenes and 75 unknown genes. Gene Ontology (GO) term enrichment analysis suggested that 35 of the 145 enriched GO terms were significantly enriched and mainly related to the immune system regulation network. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that 18 of the 189 pathways were significantly enriched, and the most significant was a ribosome pathway containing 77 differentially expressed genes. miRNA-seq analysis indicated that the longest miRNA had 22 nucleotides (nt), followed by 21 and 23 nt. A total of 286 known miRNAs, 332 known miRNA precursor sequences, and 438 new miRNAs were predicted. A total of 1,048,575 mRNA–miRNA interaction sites were obtained, and 21,252 and 21,241 target genes were respectively predicted in known and new miRNAs. qPCR revealed that HO-1, IL-10R1, apoA-I, and HBP2 were significantly differentially expressed and might play important roles in the toxicity and liver detoxification of MC-LR in fish. These results were consistent with those of high-throughput sequencing, thereby verifying the accuracy of our sequencing data. RNA-seq and miRNA-seq analyses of silver carp liver injected with MC-LR provided valuable and new insights into the toxic effects of MC-LR and the antitoxic mechanisms of MC-LR in fish. The RNA/miRNA data are available from the NCBI database Registration No. : SRP075165.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiancheng Qu
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.,The Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Menghong Hu
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.,The Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Yueyong Shang
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.,The Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Lisha Pan
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peixuan Jia
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunxue Fu
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qigen Liu
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.,The Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Youji Wang
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.,The Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.,International Research Center for Marine Biosciences at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
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Aliee A, Zahedi Avval1 F, Taheri H, Moghadam SM, Soukhtanloo M, Hamidi Alamdari D, Fazeli B. The Status of Nitric Oxide and its Backup, Heme Oxygenase 1, in Thromboangiitis Obliterans. Rep Biochem Mol Biol 2018; 6:197-202. [PMID: 29766003 PMCID: PMC5941125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Until recently, a gene polymorphism in the promoter region of endothelial nitric oxide synthase has been suggested as a risk factor for thromboangiitis obliterans (TAO) development. The aim of this study was to compare the metabolites of nitric oxide (NO) and its backup, heme-oxygenase-1 (HMOX1), between TAO patients and those of a smoking control group matched by race, age, sex, and smoking habits. METHODS Twenty-four male Caucasian TAO patients and 20 male Caucasian controls enrolled in the study. Their smoking habits were matched based on the serum cotinine levels of 17 of the TAO patients and the 20 controls. A colorimetric kit was used to measure NO, and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit was used to measure cotinine and HMOX1 levels. RESULTS The mean serum level of NO metabolites in the TAO group was significantly less than in the controls (p = 0.03) and also significantly less in the patients with below-knee amputations than in non-amputees (p= 0.018). Also, HMOX1 was significantly greater in the TAO patients than in the controls (p= 0.01). No significant correlation was found between NO and HMOX1 (p = 0.054). CONCLUSION Nitric oxide may play a pivotal role in TAO development and its outcome. However, the intact HMOX1 pathway may demonstrate the unique role of NO, which cannot be compensated for by HMOX1 and whose absence may make patients susceptible to developing TAO. In addition, another pathway besides NO, with influence on vascular tone and hemostasis, might be involved in TAO development, such as the autonomic nervous system. Further studies are suggested regarding these issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Aliee
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Farnaz Zahedi Avval1
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Hossein Taheri
- General Surgery Department, Farabi Hospital, Kowsar Blvd, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Saeedeh Mehraban Moghadam
- Inflammation and Inflammatory Diseases Division of Immunology Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Soukhtanloo
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Daryoush Hamidi Alamdari
- Surgical Oncology Research Center, Emam Reza Hospital, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Bahare Fazeli
- Inflammation and Inflammatory Diseases Division of Immunology Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- VAS, European Independent Foundation in Angiology/Vascular Medicine. Milan, Italy.
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Qi X, Zhang H, Xue T, Yang B, Deng M, Wang J. Down-regulation of cellular protein heme oxygenase-1 inhibits proliferation of avian influenza virus H9N2 in chicken oviduct epithelial cells. J Gen Virol 2017; 99:36-43. [PMID: 29219807 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.000986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of H9N2 subtype avian influenza virus (AIV) infection in hens is often related to oviduct tissue damage. Our previous study suggested that H9N2 AIV induces cellular apoptosis by activating reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and mitochondria-mediated apoptotic signalling in chicken oviduct epithelial cells (COECs). Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is an inducible enzyme that exerts protective effects against oxidative stress and activated HO-1 was recently shown to have antiviral activity. To study the potential involvement of HO-1 in H9N2 AIV proliferation, the role of its expression in H9N2-infected COECs was further investigated. Our results revealed that H9N2 AIV infection significantly up-regulated the expression of HO-1 and that HO-1 down-regulation by ZnPP, a classical inhibitor of HO-1, could inhibit H9N2 AIV replication in COECs. Similarly, the small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated knockdown of HO-1 also markedly decreased the virus production in H9N2-infected COECs. In contrast, adenoviral-mediated over-expression of HO-1 concomitantly promoted H9N2 AIV replication. Taken together, our study demonstrated the involvement of HO-1 in AIV H9N2 proliferation, and these findings suggested that HO-1 is a potential target for inhibition of AIV H9N2 replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng Qi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, PR China
| | - Huizhu Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, PR China
| | - Tianxia Xue
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, PR China
| | - Bo Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, PR China
| | - Meiyu Deng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, PR China
| | - Jingyu Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, PR China.,Shaanxi Province Engineering Technology Research Center For Veterinary Biological Products, Yangling 712100, PR China
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Ma Z, Pu F, Zhang X, Yan Y, Zhao L, Zhang A, Li N, Zhou EM, Xiao S. Carbon monoxide and biliverdin suppress bovine viral diarrhoea virus replication. J Gen Virol 2017; 98:2982-2992. [PMID: 29087274 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.000955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) causes significant economic losses to the cattle industry worldwide. Previously, we demonstrated that heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) can inhibit BVDV replication via an unknown molecular mechanism. To elucidate the mechanism involved, we assess whether the HO-1 downstream metabolites carbon monoxide (CO), biliverdin (BV) and iron affect BVDV replication. We treated Madin-Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) cells with an exogenous CO donor, CORM-2. We found that CORM-2 but not its inactive form (iCORM-2) inhibited BVDV replication in a dose-dependent and time duration-dependent manner, suggesting a CO-specific mediation of the CORM-2 antiviral effect. Direct incubation of BVDV with high-dose CORM-2 reduced virus titres, suggesting that CORM-2 attenuates BVDV growth by both physically inactivating virus particles in the extracellular environment and affecting intracellular BVDV replication, but mainly via an intracellular mechanism. Exogenous BV treatment, both post-infection and co-incubation with BVDV, inhibited BVDV replication in a dose-dependent manner, indicating that BV has potent antiviral activity against BVDV. Direct incubation of BVDV with BV had no significant effect on virus titres, indicating that BV is not virucidal and attenuates BVDV growth by affecting intracellular BVDV replication. Furthermore, BV was found to affect BVDV penetration but not attachment. However, increased iron via addition of FeCl3 did not interfere with BVDV replication. Collectively, the results of the present study demonstrate that the HO-1 metabolites BV and CO, but not iron, inhibit BVDV replication. These findings not only provide new insights into the molecular mechanism of HO-1 inhibition of BVDV replication but also suggest potential new control measures for future BVDV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqian Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, PR China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Veterinary Pharmacology and Diagnostic Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Fengxing Pu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, PR China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Veterinary Pharmacology and Diagnostic Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Xiaobin Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, PR China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Veterinary Pharmacology and Diagnostic Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Yunhuan Yan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, PR China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Veterinary Pharmacology and Diagnostic Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Lijuan Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, PR China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Veterinary Pharmacology and Diagnostic Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Angke Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, PR China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Veterinary Pharmacology and Diagnostic Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Na Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, PR China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Veterinary Pharmacology and Diagnostic Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - En-Min Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, PR China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Veterinary Pharmacology and Diagnostic Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Shuqi Xiao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, PR China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Veterinary Pharmacology and Diagnostic Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, PR China
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Carasi P, Rodríguez E, da Costa V, Frigerio S, Brossard N, Noya V, Robello C, Anegón I, Freire T. Heme-Oxygenase-1 Expression Contributes to the Immunoregulation Induced by Fasciola hepatica and Promotes Infection. Front Immunol 2017; 8:883. [PMID: 28798750 PMCID: PMC5526848 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Fasciola hepatica, also known as the liver fluke, is a trematode that infects livestock and humans causing fasciolosis, a zoonotic disease of increasing importance due to its worldwide distribution and high economic losses. This parasite immunoregulates the host immune system by inducing a strong Th2 and regulatory T immune response by immunomodulating dendritic cell (DC) maturation and alternative activation of macrophages. In this paper, we show that F. hepatica infection in mice induces the upregulation of heme-oxygenase-1 (HO-1), the rate-limiting enzyme in the catabolism of free heme that regulates the host inflammatory response. We show and characterize two different populations of antigen presenting cells that express HO-1 during infection in the peritoneum of infected animals. Cells that expressed high levels of HO-1 expressed intermediate levels of F4/80 but high expression of CD11c, CD38, TGFβ, and IL-10 suggesting that they correspond to regulatory DCs. On the other hand, cells expressing intermediate levels of HO-1 expressed high levels of F4/80, CD68, Ly6C, and FIZZ-1, indicating that they might correspond to alternatively activated macrophages. Furthermore, the pharmacological induction of HO-1 with the synthetic metalloporphyrin CoPP promoted F. hepatica infection increasing the clinical signs associated with the disease. In contrast, treatment with the HO-1 inhibitor SnPP protected mice from parasite infection, indicating that HO-1 plays an essential role during F. hepatica infection. Finally, HO-1 expression during F. hepatica infection was associated with TGFβ and IL-10 levels in liver and peritoneum, suggesting that HO-1 controls the expression of these immunoregulatory cytokines during infection favoring parasite survival in the host. These results contribute to the elucidation of the immunoregulatory mechanisms induced by F. hepatica in the host and provide alternative checkpoints to control fasciolosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Carasi
- Laboratorio de Inmunomodulación y Desarrollo de Vacunas, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Inmunobiología, Universidad de República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Ernesto Rodríguez
- Laboratorio de Inmunomodulación y Desarrollo de Vacunas, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Inmunobiología, Universidad de República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Valeria da Costa
- Laboratorio de Inmunomodulación y Desarrollo de Vacunas, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Inmunobiología, Universidad de República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Sofía Frigerio
- Laboratorio de Inmunomodulación y Desarrollo de Vacunas, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Inmunobiología, Universidad de República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Natalie Brossard
- Laboratorio de Inmunomodulación y Desarrollo de Vacunas, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Inmunobiología, Universidad de República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Verónica Noya
- Laboratorio de Inmunomodulación y Desarrollo de Vacunas, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Inmunobiología, Universidad de República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Carlos Robello
- Departamento de Bioquimica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Unidad de Biología Molecular, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Ignacio Anegón
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
- Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Teresa Freire
- Laboratorio de Inmunomodulación y Desarrollo de Vacunas, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Inmunobiología, Universidad de República, Montevideo, Uruguay
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Espinoza JA, León MA, Céspedes PF, Gómez RS, Canedo-Marroquín G, Riquelme SA, Salazar-Echegarai FJ, Blancou P, Simon T, Anegon I, Lay MK, González PA, Riedel CA, Bueno SM, Kalergis AM. Heme Oxygenase-1 Modulates Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus Replication and Lung Pathogenesis during Infection. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 199:212-223. [PMID: 28566367 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1601414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) is the leading cause of severe lower respiratory tract infections in children. The development of novel prophylactic and therapeutic antiviral drugs against hRSV is imperative to control the burden of disease in the susceptible population. In this study, we examined the effects of inducing the activity of the host enzyme heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) on hRSV replication and pathogenesis on lung inflammation induced by this virus. Our results show that after hRSV infection, HO-1 induction with metalloporphyrin cobalt protoporphyrin IX significantly reduces the loss of body weight due to hRSV-induced disease. Further, HO-1 induction also decreased viral replication and lung inflammation, as evidenced by a reduced neutrophil infiltration into the airways, with diminished cytokine and chemokine production and reduced T cell function. Concomitantly, upon cobalt protoporphyrin IX treatment, there is a significant upregulation in the production of IFN-α/β mRNAs in the lungs. Furthermore, similar antiviral and protective effects occur by inducing the expression of human HO-1 in MHC class II+ cells in transgenic mice. Finally, in vitro data suggest that HO-1 induction can modulate the susceptibility of cells, especially the airway epithelial cells, to hRSV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janyra A Espinoza
- Instituto Milenio en Inmunología e Inmunoterapia, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | - Miguel A León
- Instituto Milenio en Inmunología e Inmunoterapia, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | - Pablo F Céspedes
- Instituto Milenio en Inmunología e Inmunoterapia, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | - Roberto S Gómez
- Instituto Milenio en Inmunología e Inmunoterapia, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | - Gisela Canedo-Marroquín
- Instituto Milenio en Inmunología e Inmunoterapia, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | - Sebastían A Riquelme
- Instituto Milenio en Inmunología e Inmunoterapia, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | - Francisco J Salazar-Echegarai
- Instituto Milenio en Inmunología e Inmunoterapia, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | - Phillipe Blancou
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes 44093, France
| | - Thomas Simon
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes 44093, France
| | - Ignacio Anegon
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes 44093, France
| | - Margarita K Lay
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Recursos Biológicos, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta 1270300, Chile
| | - Pablo A González
- Instituto Milenio en Inmunología e Inmunoterapia, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | - Claudia A Riedel
- Instituto Milenio en Inmunología e Inmunoterapia, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas y Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago 8370134, Chile; and
| | - Susan M Bueno
- Instituto Milenio en Inmunología e Inmunoterapia, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | - Alexis M Kalergis
- Instituto Milenio en Inmunología e Inmunoterapia, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile; .,Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes 44093, France.,Departamento de Endocrinología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
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Guan WZ, Guo DD, Sun YW, Chen J, Jiang XY, Zou SM. Characterization of duplicated heme oxygenase-1 genes and their responses to hypoxic stress in blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala). FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2017; 43:641-651. [PMID: 28127645 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-016-0318-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The heme oxygenase (HO)-1 is a cytoprotective enzyme that can be involved in cytoprotection against hypoxia stress. In this study, we cloned duplicated HO-1a and HO-1b cDNAs in hypoxia-sensitive blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala). HO-1a and HO-1b encode peptides with 272 amino acids and 246 amino acids, respectively, and they share a low sequence identity of 55%. HO-1a and HO-1b mRNAs were maternally deposited in the zygote, and the mRNAs decreased to the lowest levels at 8 hpf. Both mRNAs were significantly (p < 0.01) expressed from 12 hpf and fluctuated but maintained a high level after 16 hpf. Using in situ hybridization, HO-1a and HO-1b mRNAs were ubiquitously expressed in embryos at 12 hpf. At 24 and 36 hpf, HO-1b transcripts were detected in the mid- and hindbrain, respectively, whereas HO-1a was mainly transcribed in the eyes and endoderm at 24 hpf and in the brain at 36 hpf. In adult fish, HO-1a was abundantly expressed in the heart, liver, gill, kidney, spleen, and brain, while HO-1b mRNA was detected mainly in the kidney. After exposure to hypoxic stress, both HO-1a and HO-1b mRNAs were upregulated significantly in the gill and liver but downregulated significantly in the brain (p < 0.01). These findings suggest that duplicated HO genes have evolved divergently and yet play overlapping biological roles in regulating the response to hypoxia in M. amblycephala.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Zhi Guan
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Huchenghuan Road 999, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Dan-Dan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Huchenghuan Road 999, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Yi-Wen Sun
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Huchenghuan Road 999, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Huchenghuan Road 999, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Xia-Yun Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Huchenghuan Road 999, Shanghai, 201306, China.
| | - Shu-Ming Zou
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Huchenghuan Road 999, Shanghai, 201306, China.
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Espinoza JA, González PA, Kalergis AM. Modulation of Antiviral Immunity by Heme Oxygenase-1. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2017; 187:487-493. [PMID: 28082120 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2016.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Revised: 11/05/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is a stress-inducible, anti-inflammatory, and cytoprotective enzyme expressed in most cell types in the organism. Under several stress stimuli, HO-1 expression and activity is up-regulated to catalyze the rate-limiting enzymatic step of heme degradation into carbon monoxide, free iron, and biliverdin. Besides its effects on cell metabolism, HO-1 is also capable of modulating host innate and adaptive immune responses in response to sepsis, transplantation, and autoimmunity, and preventing oxidative damage associated with inflammation. In addition, recent studies have reported that HO-1 can exert a significant antiviral activity against a wide variety of viruses, including HIV, hepatitis C virus, hepatitis B virus, enterovirus 71, influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus, dengue virus, and Ebola virus, among others. Herein, we address the current understanding of the functional significance of HO-1 against a variety of viruses and its potential as a therapeutic strategy to prevent and control viral infections. Furthermore, we review the most important features of the immunoregulatory functions for this enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janyra A Espinoza
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo A González
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alexis M Kalergis
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; INSERM, Combined Research Unit 1064, Nantes University Hospital Nantes, Institute for Transplantation-Urology-Nephrology, Université de Nantes, Faculty of Medicine, Nantes, France; Department of Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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Zhang A, Duan H, Li N, Zhao L, Pu F, Huang B, Wu C, Nan Y, Du T, Mu Y, Zhao Q, Sun Y, Zhang G, Hiscox JA, Zhou EM, Xiao S. Heme oxygenase-1 metabolite biliverdin, not iron, inhibits porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus replication. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 102:149-161. [PMID: 27908781 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.11.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Revised: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Porcinereproductiveandrespiratorysyndromevirus (PRRSV) causes significant economic losses to the pork industry worldwide. Previously, we demonstrated that heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) interferes with PRRSV replication. To elucidate the mechanisms involved, here we assess whether the HO-1 downstream metabolites biliverdin (BV) and/or iron mediate the HO-1 antiviral effect. We demonstrate a BV concentration-dependent suppression of PRRSV replication and show that virions are not directly inactivated by BV. Additionally, BV or N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) significantly reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) in PRRSV-infected MARC-145 cells; however, because NAC did not reduce viral load, the BV antiviral effect is independent of decreased ROS levels. Moreover, a secondary metabolite of BV, bilirubin (BR), specifically mediates this anti-PRRSV activity via a nitric oxide (NO)-dependent cGMP/PKG signaling pathway. While increased iron via addition of FeCl3 did not interfere with PRRSV replication, iron depletion by deferoxamine (DFO) after cobalt-protoporphyrin IX induction of HO-1 did not restore PRRSV replication. Collectively, our findings identify a HO-1-BV/BR-NO-cGMP/PKG cascade as a novel pathway underlying the host cell antiviral effect. These results provide a unique insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying the antiviral effects of the stress-responsive protein HO-1 during PRRSV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angke Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Experimental Station of Veterinary Pharmacology and Veterinary Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, China, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Hong Duan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Experimental Station of Veterinary Pharmacology and Veterinary Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, China, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Na Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Experimental Station of Veterinary Pharmacology and Veterinary Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, China, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Lijuan Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Experimental Station of Veterinary Pharmacology and Veterinary Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, China, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Fengxing Pu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Experimental Station of Veterinary Pharmacology and Veterinary Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, China, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Baicheng Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Experimental Station of Veterinary Pharmacology and Veterinary Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, China, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Chunyan Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Experimental Station of Veterinary Pharmacology and Veterinary Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, China, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yuchen Nan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Experimental Station of Veterinary Pharmacology and Veterinary Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, China, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Taofeng Du
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Experimental Station of Veterinary Pharmacology and Veterinary Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, China, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yang Mu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Experimental Station of Veterinary Pharmacology and Veterinary Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, China, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Qin Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Experimental Station of Veterinary Pharmacology and Veterinary Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, China, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yani Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Experimental Station of Veterinary Pharmacology and Veterinary Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, China, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Gaiping Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, China
| | - Julian A Hiscox
- Department of Infection Biology, Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L3 5RF, UK
| | - En-Min Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Experimental Station of Veterinary Pharmacology and Veterinary Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, China, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Shuqi Xiao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Experimental Station of Veterinary Pharmacology and Veterinary Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, China, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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Gahlot S, Nasreen N, Johnson JA, Sahn SA, Mohammed KA. Heme Oxygenase-1 Deficiency Diminishes Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Clearance Due to Reduced TLR9 Expression in Pleural Mesothelial Cells. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0169245. [PMID: 28052108 PMCID: PMC5215390 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) cause pneumonia and empyema thoraces. TLR9 activation provides protection against bacterial infections and Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is known to enhance host innate immunity against bacterial infections. However, it is still unclear whether HO-1 regulates TLR-9 expression in the pleura and modulates the host innate defenses during MRSA empyema. In order to determine if HO-1 regulates host innate immune functions via modulating TLR expression, in MRSA empyema, HO-1+/+ and HO-1-/- mouse pleural mesothelial cells (PMCs) were infected with MRSA (1:10, MOI) in the presence or absence of Cobalt Protoporphyrin (CoPP) and Zinc Protoporphyrin (ZnPP) or CORM-2 (a Carbon monoxide donor) and the expression of mTLR9 and mBD14 was assessed by RT-PCR. In vivo, HO-1+/+ and HO-1-/- mice were inoculated with MRSA (5x106 CFU) intra-pleurally and host bacterial load was measured by CFU, and TLR9 expression in the pleura was determined by histochemical-immunostaining. We noticed MRSA inducing differential expression of TLR9 in HO-1+/+ and HO-1 -/- PMCs. In MRSA infected HO-1+/+ PMCs, TLR1, TLR4, and TLR9 expression was several fold higher than MRSA infected HO-1-/- PMCs. Particularly TLR9 expression was very low in MRSA infected HO-1-/- PMCs both in vivo and in vitro. Bacterial clearance was significantly higher in HO-1+/+ PMCs than compared to HO-1-/- PMCs in vitro, and blocking TLR9 activation diminished MRSA clearance significantly. In addition, HO-1-/- mice were unable to clear the MRSA bacterial load in vivo. MRSA induced TLR9 and mBD14 expression was significantly high in HO-1+/+ PMCs and it was dependent on HO-1 activity. Our findings suggest that HO-1 by modulating TLR9 expression in PMCs promotes pleural innate immunity in MRSA empyema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satindra Gahlot
- North Florida/South Georgia Veterans Health System, Malcom Randall Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Najmunnisa Nasreen
- North Florida/South Georgia Veterans Health System, Malcom Randall Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Judith A. Johnson
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Steven A. Sahn
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Kamal A. Mohammed
- North Florida/South Georgia Veterans Health System, Malcom Randall Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Microbial Translocation Associated with an Acute-Phase Response and Elevations in MMP-1, HO-1, and Proinflammatory Cytokines in Strongyloides stercoralis Infection. Infect Immun 2016; 85:IAI.00772-16. [PMID: 27821584 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00772-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial translocation, characterized by elevated levels of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and related markers, is a common occurrence in HIV and some parasitic infections. This is usually associated with extensive inflammation and immune activation. To examine the occurrence of microbial translocation and the associated inflammatory response in asymptomatic Strongyloides stercoralis infection, we measured the plasma levels of LPS and other microbial translocation markers, acute-phase proteins, inflammatory markers, and proinflammatory cytokines in individuals with (infected [INF]) or without (uninfected [UN]) S. stercoralis infections. Finally, we also measured the levels of all of these markers in INF individuals following treatment of S. stercoralis infection. We show that INF individuals exhibit significantly higher plasma levels of microbial translocation markers (LPS, soluble CD14 [sCD14], intestinal fatty acid-binding protein [iFABP], and endotoxin core IgG antibody [EndoCAb]), acute-phase proteins (α-2 macroglobulin [α-2M], C-reactive protein [CRP], haptoglobin, and serum amyloid protein A [SAA]), inflammatory markers (matrix metalloproteinase 1 [MMP-1] and heme oxygenase 1 [HO-1]), and proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin-6 [IL-6], IL-8, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 [MCP-1], and IL-1β) than do UN individuals. INF individuals exhibit significantly decreased levels of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 4 (TIMP-4). Following treatment of S. stercoralis infection, the elevated levels of microbial translocation markers, acute-phase proteins, and inflammatory markers were all diminished. Our data thus show that S. stercoralis infection is characterized by microbial translocation and accompanying increases in levels of acute-phase proteins and markers of inflammation and provide data to suggest that microbial translocation is a feature of asymptomatic S. stercoralis infection and is associated with an inflammatory response.
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Carbon Monoxide Inhibits Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Replication by the Cyclic GMP/Protein Kinase G and NF-κB Signaling Pathway. J Virol 2016; 91:JVI.01866-16. [PMID: 27795439 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01866-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) causes significant economic losses to the pork industry worldwide each year. Our previous research demonstrated that heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) can suppress PRRSV replication via an unknown molecular mechanism. In this study, inhibition of PRRSV replication was demonstrated to be mediated by carbon monoxide (CO), a downstream metabolite of HO-1. Using several approaches, we demonstrate that CO significantly inhibited PRRSV replication in both a PRRSV permissive cell line, MARC-145, and the predominant cell type targeted during in vivo PRRSV infection, porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs). Our results showed that CO inhibited intercellular spread of PRRSV; however, it did not affect PRRSV entry into host cells. Furthermore, CO was found to suppress PRRSV replication via the activation of the cyclic GMP/protein kinase G (cGMP/PKG) signaling pathway. CO significantly inhibits PRRSV-induced NF-κB activation, a required step for PRRSV replication. Moreover, CO significantly reduced PRRSV-induced proinflammatory cytokine mRNA levels. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that CO exerts its anti-PRRSV effect by activating the cellular cGMP/PKG signaling pathway and by negatively regulating cellular NF-κB signaling. These findings not only provide new insights into the molecular mechanism of HO-1 inhibition of PRRSV replication but also suggest potential new control measures for future PRRSV outbreaks. IMPORTANCE PRRSV causes great economic losses each year to the swine industry worldwide. Carbon monoxide (CO), a metabolite of HO-1, has been shown to have antimicrobial and antiviral activities in infected cells. Our previous research demonstrated that HO-1 can suppress PRRSV replication. Here we show that endogenous CO produced through HO-1 catalysis mediates the antiviral effect of HO-1. CO inhibits PRRSV replication by activating the cellular cGMP/PKG signaling pathway and by negatively regulating cellular NF-κB signaling. These findings not only provide new insights into the molecular mechanism of HO-1 inhibition of PRRSV replication but also suggest potential new control measures for future PRRSV outbreaks.
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Casas E, Cai G, Kuehn LA, Register KB, McDaneld TG, Neill JD. Association of MicroRNAs with Antibody Response to Mycoplasma bovis in Beef Cattle. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0161651. [PMID: 27537842 PMCID: PMC4990326 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to identify microRNAs associated with a serum antibody response to Mycoplasma bovis in beef cattle. Serum from sixteen beef calves was collected at three points: in summer after calves were born, in fall at weaning, and in the following spring. All sera collected in the summer were ELISA-negative for anti-M. bovis. By the fall, eight animals were seropositive for IgG (positive group), while eight remained negative (negative group). By spring, all animals in both groups were seropositive. MicroRNAs were extracted from sera and sequenced on the Illumina HiSeq next-generation sequencer. A total of 1,374,697 sequences mapped to microRNAs in the bovine genome. Of these, 82% of the sequences corresponded to 27 microRNAs, each represented by a minimum of 10,000 sequences. There was a statistically significant interaction between ELISA response and season for bta-miR-24-3p (P = 0.0268). All sera collected at the initial summer had a similar number of copies of this microRNA (P = 0.773). In the fall, the positive group had an increased number of copies when compared to the negative group (P = 0.021), and this grew more significant by the following spring (P = 0.0001). There were 21 microRNAs associated (P< 0.05) with season. These microRNAs could be evaluated further as candidates to potentially improve productivity in cattle. The microRNAs bta-let-7b, bta-miR- 24-3p, bta-miR- 92a, and bta-miR-423-5p, were significatly associated with ELISA status (P< 0.05). These microRNAs have been recognized as playing a role in the host defense against bacteria in humans, mice, and dairy cattle. Further studies are needed to establish if these microRNAs could be used as diagnostic marker or indicator of exposure, or whether intervention strategies could be developed as an alternative to antibiotics for controlling disease due to M. bovis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Casas
- USDA, ARS, National Animal Disease Center, Ames, IA 50010, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Guohong Cai
- USDA, ARS, National Animal Disease Center, Ames, IA 50010, United States of America
| | - Larry A. Kuehn
- USDA, ARS, U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, Clay Center, NE 68933, United States of America
| | - Karen B. Register
- USDA, ARS, National Animal Disease Center, Ames, IA 50010, United States of America
| | - Tara G. McDaneld
- USDA, ARS, U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, Clay Center, NE 68933, United States of America
| | - John D. Neill
- USDA, ARS, National Animal Disease Center, Ames, IA 50010, United States of America
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Stolt C, Schmidt IHE, Sayfart Y, Steinmetz I, Bast A. Heme Oxygenase-1 and Carbon Monoxide PromoteBurkholderia pseudomalleiInfection. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 197:834-46. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1403104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Assunção-Miranda I, Cruz-Oliveira C, Neris R, Figueiredo C, Pereira L, Rodrigues D, Araujo D, Da Poian A, Bozza M. Inactivation of Dengue and Yellow Fever viruses by heme, cobalt-protoporphyrin IX and tin-protoporphyrin IX. J Appl Microbiol 2016; 120:790-804. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.13038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Revised: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- I. Assunção-Miranda
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - C. Cruz-Oliveira
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - R.L.S. Neris
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - C.M. Figueiredo
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - L.P.S. Pereira
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - D. Rodrigues
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - D.F.F. Araujo
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - A.T. Da Poian
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - M.T. Bozza
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Rio de Janeiro Brazil
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Chang MC, Lin LD, Wu MT, Chan CP, Chang HH, Lee MS, Sun TY, Jeng PY, Yeung SY, Lin HJ, Jeng JH. Effects of Camphorquinone on Cytotoxicity, Cell Cycle Regulation and Prostaglandin E2 Production of Dental Pulp Cells: Role of ROS, ATM/Chk2, MEK/ERK and Hemeoxygenase-1. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0143663. [PMID: 26658076 PMCID: PMC4682794 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0143663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Camphorquinone (CQ) is a popularly-used photosensitizer in composite resin restoration. In this study, the effects of CQ on cytotoxicity and inflammation-related genes and proteins expression of pulp cells were investigated. The role of reactive oxygen species (ROS), ATM/Chk2/p53 and hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1) and MEK/ERK signaling was also evaluated. We found that ROS and free radicals may play important role in CQ toxicity. CQ (1 and 2 mM) decreased the viability of pulp cells to about 70% and 50% of control, respectively. CQ also induced G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of pulp cells. The expression of type I collagen, cdc2, cyclin B, and cdc25C was inhibited, while p21, HO-1 and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) were stimulated by CQ. CQ also activated ATM, Chk2, and p53 phosphorylation and GADD45α expression. Besides, exposure to CQ increased cellular ROS level and 8-isoprostane production. CQ also stimulated COX-2 expression and PGE2 production of pulp cells. The reduction of cell viability caused by CQ can be attenuated by N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD), but can be promoted by Zinc protoporphyin (ZnPP). CQ stimulated ERK1/2 phosphorylation, and U0126 prevented the CQ-induced COX-2 expression and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production. These results indicate that CQ may cause cytotoxicity, cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and PGE2 production of pulp cells. These events could be due to stimulation of ROS and 8-isoprostane production, ATM/Chk2/p53 signaling, HO-1, COX-2 and p21 expression, as well as the inhibition of cdc2, cdc25C and cyclin B1. These results are important for understanding the role of ROS in pathogenesis of pulp necrosis and pulpal inflammation after clinical composite resin filling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Chi Chang
- Biomedical Science Team, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Li-Deh Lin
- Laboratory of Dental Pharmacology, Toxicology & Material Biocompatibility, Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, and National Taiwan University Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Min-Tsz Wu
- Laboratory of Dental Pharmacology, Toxicology & Material Biocompatibility, Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, and National Taiwan University Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Po Chan
- Department of Dentistry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Hua Chang
- Laboratory of Dental Pharmacology, Toxicology & Material Biocompatibility, Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, and National Taiwan University Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Shu Lee
- Laboratory of Dental Pharmacology, Toxicology & Material Biocompatibility, Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, and National Taiwan University Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Ying Sun
- Laboratory of Dental Pharmacology, Toxicology & Material Biocompatibility, Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, and National Taiwan University Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yuan Jeng
- School of Dentistry, University of Cardenal Herrera, CEU, Valencia, Spain
| | - Sin-Yuet Yeung
- Department of Dentistry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsueh-Jen Lin
- Department of Dentistry, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Chang-Hua, Taiwan
| | - Jiiang-Huei Jeng
- Laboratory of Dental Pharmacology, Toxicology & Material Biocompatibility, Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, and National Taiwan University Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Heme Oxygenase-1 Suppresses Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus Replication in vitro. Sci Rep 2015; 5:15575. [PMID: 26510767 PMCID: PMC4625146 DOI: 10.1038/srep15575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Viral cycle progression depends upon host-cell processes in infected cells, and this is true for bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV), the causative agent of BVD that is a worldwide threat to the bovine industry. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is a ubiquitously expressed inducible isoform of the first and rate-limiting enzyme for heme degradation. Recent studies have demonstrated that HO-1 has significant antiviral properties, inhibiting the replication of viruses such as ebola virus, human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis C virus, and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. However, the function of HO-1 in BVDV infection is unclear. In the present study, the relationship between HO-1 and BVDV was investigated. In vitro analysis of HO-1 expression in BVDV-infected MDBK cells demonstrated that a decrease in HO-1 as BVDV replication increased. Increasing HO-1 expression through adenoviral-mediated overexpression or induction with cobalt protoporphyrin (CoPP, a potent HO-1 inducer), pre- and postinfection, effectively inhibited BVDV replication. In contrast, HO-1 siRNA knockdown in BVDV-infected cells increased BVDV replication. Therefore, the data were consistent with HO-1 acting as an anti-viral factor and these findings suggested that induction of HO-1 may be a useful prevention and treatment strategy against BVDV infection.
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Wareham LK, Poole RK, Tinajero-Trejo M. CO-releasing Metal Carbonyl Compounds as Antimicrobial Agents in the Post-antibiotic Era. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:18999-9007. [PMID: 26055702 PMCID: PMC4521022 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.r115.642926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The possibility of a “post-antibiotic era” in the 21st century, in which common infections may kill, has prompted research into radically new antimicrobials. CO-releasing molecules (CORMs), mostly metal carbonyl compounds, originally developed for therapeutic CO delivery in animals, are potent antimicrobial agents. Certain CORMs inhibit growth and respiration, reduce viability, and release CO to intracellular hemes, as predicted, but their actions are more complex, as revealed by transcriptomic datasets and modeling. Progress is hindered by difficulties in detecting CO release intracellularly, limited understanding of the biological chemistry of CO reactions with non-heme targets, and the cytotoxicity of some CORMs to mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren K Wareham
- From the Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, United Kingdom
| | - Robert K Poole
- From the Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, United Kingdom
| | - Mariana Tinajero-Trejo
- From the Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, United Kingdom
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MicroRNA miR-24-3p promotes porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus replication through suppression of heme oxygenase-1 expression. J Virol 2015; 89:4494-503. [PMID: 25653454 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02810-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is one of the most economically important viruses affecting the swine industry worldwide. Our previous research showed that PRRSV downregulates the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), a pivotal cytoprotective enzyme, postinfection and that overexpression of HO-1 inhibits PRRSV replication. MicroRNAs regulate gene expression at the posttranscriptional level and have recently been demonstrated to play vital roles in pathogen-host interactions. The present study sought to determine whether microRNAs modulate HO-1 expression and, by doing so, regulate PRRSV replication. Using bioinformatic prediction and experimental verification, we demonstrate that HO-1 expression is regulated by miR-24-3p. A direct interaction between miR-24-3p and HO-1 mRNA was confirmed using a number of approaches. Overexpression of miR-24-3p significantly decreased HO-1 mRNA and protein levels. PRRSV infection induced miR-24-3p expression to facilitate viral replication. The suppressive effect of HO-1 induction by protoporphyrin IX cobalt chloride (CoPP; a classical inducer of HO-1 expression) on PRRSV replication in MARC-145 cells and primary porcine alveolar macrophages could also be reversed by overexpression of miR-24-3p. Collectively, these results suggested that miR-24-3p promotes PRRSV replication through suppression of HO-1 expression, which not only provides new insights into virus-host interactions during PRRSV infection but also suggests potential new antiviral strategies against PRRSV infection. IMPORTANCE MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play vital roles in viral infections by regulating the expression of viral or host genes at the posttranscriptional level. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), a pivotal cytoprotective enzyme, has antiviral activity for a number of viruses, such as Ebola virus, hepatitis C virus, human immunodeficiency virus, and our focus, PRRSV, which causes great economic losses each year in the swine industry worldwide. Here, we show that PRRSV infection induces host miRNA miR-24-3p expression and that miR-24-3p regulates HO-1 expression through both mRNA degradation and translation repression. Suppression of HO-1 expression by miR-24-3p facilitates PRRSV replication. This work lends credibility to the hypothesis that an arterivirus can manipulate cellular miRNAs to enhance virus replication by regulating antiviral responses following viral infection. Therefore, our findings provide new insights into the pathogenesis of PRRSV.
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50
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Anderson G, Maes M, Markus RP, Rodriguez M. Ebola virus: Melatonin as a readily available treatment option. J Med Virol 2015; 87:537-43. [DOI: 10.1002/jmv.24130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- George Anderson
- CRC Scotland and London; Eccleston Square; London United Kingdom
| | - Michael Maes
- Impact Strategic Treatment Center; Deakin University; Geelong Australia
- Department of Psychiatry; Faculty of Medicine; Chulalongkorn University; Bangkok Thailand
- Health Sciences Graduate Program; Health Sciences Center; State University of Londrina; Brazil
| | - Regina P. Markus
- Lab Chronopharmacology; Department of Physiology; Institute of Bioscience; University de S; ã; o Paulo; Brazil
| | - Moses Rodriguez
- Department of Immunology; Department of Neurology; Mayo Clinic; Rochester New York
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